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About The daily Nebraskan. ([Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1945)
THE NEBRASKAN Sunday, January 14, 1945 JIisl VkJbia&IiMV rOBTI-rOURTH IIAI Sabierlptlta to aro fl.M Per Semester fl.M for Oio Colleffa Tear. ft. Mailed. Single copy, a Centa, Entered aa second -clao matter at tbe peat of flee Lincoln, Nebraska, nnder Aet ef Congress March a. 1878, and at special rat Sostare provided far is Beetles UOS, Aet af October S, U11. AaUerised Septeml . 1924. Publlibed three timet weekly ea day, Wednesday and Friday iariac eekee) year. Editor Pat Chsmberll Manarinr Editor ......................... .Mary Lealse Goodwin. Harold Andersei News Editors Leli Jean Glotfelty. Hetty Loo Haatea, Janet Mason. Phyllis Teafardea Business Manarer Je Marts Assistant Business Manarera. .............. .Lamina AarameoB. Mfldred Enrstro: Soeietr Editor Helen Goodwi Sports Editor Dick Dilsaver The Beginning . . . In university circles, directing their attention to the first meeting of the legislative committee on appropriations Wednesday afternoon, friends of the university noticed that the preliminary discussions seemed to indicate the committee was opposed to Gov. Dwight unsworn s recom mendation that the practice of "earmarking" funds for the university should be abolished. In the budget message delivered Tuesday, the governor proposed that the entire sum appropriated tor university . . A 1. X y. "A." A 1 - A use De turned over 10 ine university auinorities 10 aeier mine how and for what the money was to be spent. "If we do not have sufficient confidence in its (the univer sity's) executive officers, then we should create a new system of management ot the university. Several committee members commenting on this sug gestion expressed the belief that since the legislature is responsible for appropriating funds for the various state endowed institutions, it could hardly except the university or the normal schools from the same ruling. The committee begins hearings on the appropriations bill Monday. It has not yet been announced as to when the university will be called upon to present its case. Sorry! No Cigarettes! If another gloomy note needed to be added to the general cigaret situation, a small item in the January N.A.R.D. Journal dispels all hope. Cagily headed "Cigaret Shortage to End in '47," the article explains by saying there just won't be any cigarets until October, 1947, un less "the government quickly allots more acreage to grow ing the weed." Oh, fine! Y.W. Cabinet In listing the activities of the various candidates run ning for offices in the Y.W.C.A. cabinet, the Nebraskan has limited the description of each candidate's activities entirely to her work in the Y. Since this election is one of the most important women's elections each year, and the officers are chosen by Y.W. members who know each girl s qualifications lor the job in question, the Nebraskan and the Y.W.C.A. felt that a description of what the candidates have accomplished in the organization and what they have to otfer the 300, would do much to eliminate the usual voting on a popu larity basis alone. Of late there has been much criticism of "dirty politics' and of favoritism voting, and Tuesday, the first non partisan voting day this year, will give the voters who are interested in putting the best qualified people into office a chance to show their strength. Prc-final Dropsey . . . No editorial comment needed. Author Says English Profs Teach Nothing ACP. Wincing at the deplor ably ragged background in Amer ican history of the average and the above-average college gradu ate, E. C. Drake, Harper's Maga zine, absolves history departments ot some of the blame and suggests that the responsibility of the Eng lish departments needs looking into. The literature of American tra dition comes within the ken of the English departments, Drake argues, not primarily in that of the history departments. Besides, he adds, "They have the time . . ihe tngnsh departments arc teaching nothing." lhe lormer advertising man condemns the college English fa cilities for stripping their courses to comparison and general sur veys of literature. He claims that far from "preserving the life, which is thought, they have kept only the bones of the composi tion." As for the surveys, "they intend to be a panorama and suc ceed in being a hazy horizon on which nothing worth while may be seen . . . (they) neither ac complish anything distinctly American." Let's re-negotiate the English teachers, he recommends. Instead of beginning with composition and survey, let them begin with content, "with a handful of docu ments whose roots we deep n America, for we are undeniably in a time when an education toward public thinking overbears in importance the education toward general letters." Common Sense. In pleading the case for an edu cation in American historical lit erature, Drake asks for study of Thomas Paine's "Common Sense," and Jefferson's Declaration of In dependence, "two of the most tightly argued, litcrately figured and soundly organized papers in all literature." He offers, too, "The Federalist," and Daniel Webster s reply to Robert Hayne. There are the Lincoln-Douglas debates, he enumerates. "There is the pithy brevity of a Holmes de cision . . . There is the plain, anecdotal, righteous argument of Theodore Roosevelt." He points to practically anything written by Woodrow Wilson. All this and much more is lit erature, Drake declares his torically effective literature. And it is historically effective without being impaired as literature. Today's Activities In Union Include Show, Symphony Union activities today include a concert by the University Sym phony Orchestra under the direc tion of Miles A. Dresskell, to be presented at 3 p. m., and a movie, "Ghost Breakers," to be shown in the ballroom at 8 p. m. "Ghost Breakers," starring Bob Hope and Paulette Goddard, is a side-splitting mystery in the true Bob Hope style. A cartoon is also included with the feature. V Mail Clippings Pat Chamberlin, Censor Sgt. ROMULO SOLDEVILLA, well-remembered by University Theatre goers of a couple of years ago, is stationed at Camp Howze, Texas. Cpl. NORBERT TIEMANN, Beta Sigma Psi writes that the Nebraskan is "certainly the 'it' paper" with him on the Philippines. . Lt. NED S, RAUN is stationed at Langley Field, Va. RICHARD O. JOYCE has been promoted to the rank of Major. He was recently transferred from Marianna, Fla., to MacDill Field, Tampa, Fla. The first Oak-Leaf Cluster to the Air Medal has been awarded to First Lt. JAMES C. McVAY of Bridgeport. Leaving the university mid-semes ter, Lt. McVay received his wings at Foster Field, Texas, and is now a fighter-pilot of a P-51 Mustang based in England. Sgt. LEE J. MOHR of Tilden has recently been promoted to that rank at a command depot in Italy. A student at UN prior to entering the army in 1942, Mohr was sent overseas in January, '43. He was stationed in North Africa during the Tuni sian and Sicilian campaigns, and later participated in both the Italian and the Southern France campaigns. I LETTERIP Mr. Fred Teller, The toys and money that you sent in to us surely gave joy and happiness to dozens of little kiddies. Many families, some who have no Income other than their mother's pension that barely covers rent and coal and food and nothing left for toys or little extra meat or a chicken perhaps for Xmas dinner. While these people are eligible for a toy card some were too late to get theirs and different and various things entered Into the picture so they were very happy indeed to be able to come here and get such nice toys for their children. Dr. Alcorn at the ortheopedis needed more toys so we came forth and gave their children what they needed. The Home of Dependent Children the same. A coveted pair of high top boots was pur chased for a nine year old boy that with out the money you donated he could not have had. A lit tle orphan girl at Tabitha Home was looking long ingly at her little playmate who was more fortun ate that she by possessing a daddy that had sent her a little money to buy a few gifts for the other little girls, so she was given a small sum of your gift and made happy and so I could go on and on but this I am sure will make all of you who par ticipated feel you made a lot of mothers and little children very happy for the Xmas of 1944. MRS. WILIIELMY. Peace Conference Previews COLONES AND MANDATES AFTER THE WAR. David Fellman Imperialism has long been one of the major disturbing factors in international relations. It has pro duced two important types of friction: (1) The friction of com petition and rivalry between com peting empires, or between im perial powers and nations lusting after colonies; and (z) the inction between imperial powers and sub jugated populations seeking inde pendence. Most of the great wars since the age of discovery and exploration have had imperialistic overtones. Most of the colonial populations in our times, of whom the Indian is a supreme example, are restive under the burden of white tutelage, and demand the rights of self-determination. Aside from the fact that imper ialism is a serious irritant and contributes to the tindcr-box of war, a conviction is steadily grow ing -that in the long run an em Dire is a losing proposition, tor colonics have no significant eco nomic value to the dominant power unless they are developed, and when they are developed they demand independence. Their ca pacity for making an effective de mand increases with their eco nomic and social development. This is the teaching of our own American revolution. In short, colonies have a habit of growing up, and grown-up countries insist upon the dignity of independent status. To attain success, there fore, an empire must lay the con ditions of ultimate failure. Rewards Exaggerated. Furthermore, the economic re wards of imperialism are greatly exaggerated. There are many countries, such as Sweden and Switzerland, which maintain very high standards of living without colonies. It is doubtful whether the great colonial powers have se cured any important net profits from their colonial possessions. The expenses involved in acquir- ng, administering, developing and defending colonies are staggering. Iy great. The total costs incurred by France, for example, have been computed at about 21 of all her colonial trade, a sum which is urely far in excess of the profits derived from that trade. However profitable the French colonies may have been to particular in dividuals and corporations, they have been unprofitable for the French nation as a whole. The African deserts which Italy picked up between 1913 and 1932 were acquired at a cost of nearly $650 square mile, which clearly was not a bargain rate. The Japanese nvestment in colonial conquest far exceeds any conceivable prof its derived therefrom, in addition to which she has acquired a deep seated heritage of hatred in at least half'the world. No Outlet. It is even more cbvious that colonies do not provide a satisfac tory outlet for the settlement of surplus populations, as is so often argued. Europe has had a total net emigration during the last half century of about 20 millions, of whom fewer than 500,000 went to territories politically controlled by European powers. Less than 2 of this net emigration went to Africa, and those Europeans who stayed in Africa amount to less than six ten-thousandths of Eu rope's present population. Some 80 of all European emigrants went to the Americas, that is to say, to areas not under European control. For example, Germany acquired a number of colonies after 1884, and in 1914 there were 19,696 Germans, including offi cials, soldiers, missionaries and traders as well as bona fide settlers, in all the German colon ies of Africa and the South Seas There were more Germans in Cambridge, Mass., in 1914. Or, to cite another example, between 1865 and 1924 more Hollanders left the very considerable Dutch empire possessions to live in the home country than left the home country for the colonies. In short, emigrants go wherever there are opportunities for a higher stand ard of living; they do not neces sarily follow the flag. Promising Start. After the first World war a very promising start was made in the solution of the colonial problem by the establishment of the man date 'system, which is based upon the principle of international trus teeship. After this war the man date system should be strength ened and extended. It is founded upon the premise that colonial peoples have a right to ultimate self-determination, and that their affairs should be managed, dur ing the period of preparation, in their own interests and not in the exploitative interests of others. Thus the authority of the manda tory power is subject to review and correction by an international body representing the getieral in terests of the "world society. The mandatory system should be strengthened, in the light of past experience, especially by giv ing the mandates commifiion greater powers of on-the-spot in vestigation of complaints and the correction of abuses. It may be possible now to create some sort of international colonial commis sion with direct powers of super vision of its own. The time is ripe for a broader application of the mandate prin ciple. It is an announced war aim of the United Nations to strip Japan of all her colonial posses sions, including Korea. It is doubt ful whether Italy will have much of an empire after the war is over. The mandate system could very readily be extended to cover these possessions. In fact, to do so would be in accord with the pur poses already proclaimed by the United Nations. The mandate system should also be extended to include the colonial possession of other nations. Furthermore, the peace confer ence should take into account the the fact that colonial areas will need financial aid of considerable magnitude if they are to develop. and mature. In this connection consideration should be given to the creation of some sort of in ternational development fund, to function m connection with an in ternational bank and an interna tional colonial commission. Finally, an indispensable con tribution will be made to the solu tion of the colonial problem if the world can free itself from its ob session with skin color. This is one of the world's critical prob lems in education. H MilL. .omn. 'i :oi! rCL. "Hi,.. 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