Sunday, November 26, 1939
FOIR
00 In c-p mm v mraemfi
At work and at play
The DAILY NEBRASKAN
1
session
gave rise to
new project
Student plan includes
board-room clubs, book
stores, buying pools
With the passing of prosperity
and the advent of the depression,
thousands of college students all
over the country were faced, for
the first time in their lives, with a
serious lack of finances and the
necessity of doing something about
that lack, immediately, if they
were to finish their education.
Faced with, the.serioua curtail
ment of funds, thousands of stu
dents on America's college cam
puses have learned to live co-operatively
which means that con
sumer's co-operatives have been
set up on America's college cam
puses. Altho the movement has
by no means captured the inter
est of all college students, it has
already gripped enough of them to
effect important changes in the
American college scene. College
papers indicate that the pre-de-pression
emphasis of 'joe college'
has given way to an emphasis on
economics since the beginning of
the depression years.
Waiting lists.
A survey by the National Com
mittee on Students co-operatives
published last spring lists 195
campus co-operatives, including 49
dormitories, 35 dining clubs, 52
book stores, 56 buying pools, 4
cleaning and pressing establish
ments, 6 buying clubs, and 54 mis
cellaneous organizations. Fifty
thousand students support these
co-ops whose total business is in
excess of $3,230,698. Co-operative
dormitories and eating clubs in
most of the larger schools reported
waiting lists of students seeking
memDersnip.
Majority of these college co-ops
accept as a guide the Rochdale
system, worked out by a group of
English weavers less than 100
years ago. The system provides
that each member of the co-opera-
uep
uve association buy a share in the
undertaking for a nominal sum.
Trices on these shares do not
' fluctuate, which allows any mem
ber to sell his share to a new mem
ber should he chose to discontinue
his affiliation with the group.
Only shareholders are entitled to
the benefits of the co-op, which
usually take the form of refunds
on purchases made by each indi
vidual member. The refunds are
made in proportion to the amount
purchased by the individual.
Money savers.
One of the chief factors in the
rapid rise to popularity of the
co-ops is that Btudents have found
co-ops to be money savers. The
National Student committee, last
year, reported that bookstores
save an average of 10 percent,
caieierias and dormitories an av
ciage of 40 percent, cleaning and
pressing plants an average of CO
percent, and buying pools an av
erage or 15 percent.
Another reason for the erowth
of popularity, especially among
non-fraternity groups, is that the
. co-op promotes more fellowship
than average college life af lords.
In some instances students have
formed co-op groups because they
nave seen me advantages of co
operative buying and marketing in
home communities. Others in
spired by Kagawa have carried on
the movement for religious rea
sons.
Obstacles ironed out
Many have been the obstacles
that pioneers in the movement
have had to face. Opposition by
the press, business interests, and
individual interests are written in
the history of many of the early
co-operatives. Yet, the benefits
offered by the co-operative move
ment have enabled it to survive
the attacks against it. Many CO'
operatives report the solicitation
of their business by the very firms
which, at one time, opposed their
formation,
Testimonials by students, pub
lished in the Co-operative Consum
er for May 23, 1938, reveal the
values gained from co-operative
living. At Texas A. and M. over
1,000 students reported that col
lege attendance would be irrpos
Bible for them without the help of
the co-op. A pamphlet issued by
the co-operative at the Chicago
Theological Seminary lists the fol
lowing benefits: ' Contacts with
university students in many fields,
elimination of cliques, experience
with co-operative technique, and
Editors Note
Alert educators are watching
campus co-ops as a new tech
nique whereby students are
gaining social values and busi
ness experience at one and the
same time. Learning by doing
they claim is soundest educa
tion. These words appeared in
a recent issue of the Co-operative
Consumer in a review of
the cooperative movement
throughout the United States.
The DAILY NEBRASKAN In
this issue seeks primarily to
publicize the past, the present,
and perhaps to suggest the fu
ture of the movement at Ne
braska. A summary of what's
been done on other campuses
has likewise been published to
show how we stand up with
other schools and how other
students solve their boarding
problems.
Texan boys
get start in
'spook house
Twelve young men happened
upon a "haunted" house and a
friend down fmm way and the
result is ttat 1,000 young men
are attending wtlege on 82 cents
a day. Everything is included
even tuition and clothing.
The 1,000 students attend Agri
cultural and Mechanical College
of Texas and are members of the
student co-operative housing proj
ect, largest organization of its
kind in the United States.
Depression helped.
This housing project was begun
during the depression years when
manv bovs were not able to fi
nance their educations either by
themselves or with their parent's
aid.
Today, the room and board of
the average student of Texas A.
and M. school costs him $29.75 a
month, or about one dollar a day.
Twelve youths and Daniel Rus
sell, professor of rural sociology,
had been working on the stu
dent's financial problems. They
found their answer in a haunted
house, a large two-story building
near the college's experiment
farm. It was a dilapidated and iso
lated place, but the rent was very
low.
Hired house mother.
The house was furnished with
articles from the boys' own homes.
They engaged no paid help, ex
cept the house mother who is giv
en a salary by the boys. They do
all such work as cleaning rooms,
setting table, and washing dishes
themselves.
The number of houses Increased.
By 1936, 700 men were living un
der this plan, and every available
house near the school had been
rented. The Rotary club became
interested and built a house for
its own sons and friends to ac
commodate 20 students.
Six years ago 250 boys were not
permitted to attend the school be
cause of insufficient funds. Today,
1,000 with no more money than
the 250 had are enrolled.
Military ball patrons
announced by Thuis
Patrons and patronesses for the
military bull Iec. 8 in the coli
seuni, were announced Friday by
Col. C. A. Thuis, R. O. T. C. com
mandant:
Mm. K.i mud Avery: Qvn. and Mm. P
P. Itmhop, Omaha; 'liam rllur anil Mm
I . H limiilivr; ( liiinrellnr nrl Mm. K. A
Hurnrtt (KiimtMuhi; limn and Mm W
W Httrr f'.nu Anil Kira H I. f'.whrnn
lnn and Mm. (1 .K. f'onriru; Mnynr unci
Mm. Oren H rupelnml; Urgent anil Mrs,
Robert W. Iievoe; Hi;in anil Mr. O. J
Kergunon; Dean Hud Mm. H. H. Foster
Al I. (irn. nnd Mm. C,uy N. Wenninger
Drnn mid Mm. K. K. llrnzllk; Dean and
Mm. B. I,. Hooper; Dean Helen Huap
Regent and Mm. Frank M. Johnson. Lex
Ingtnn; Denn nnd Mrs. J. K. LeHossiKnol
Hecent and Mm. Stanley I). Long, (Jrand
inianu; Dean ami tin. n. A. Lyman
Denn and Mm. C. H. Oldfather; Uen
John J. Pershing, Washington, D. C. : Miss
Mae Pershing; Denn and Mm. C. W. M
Poyntcr, Omitlin; Pi-Kent nnd Mm. Marlon
A. Fhaw, Dnvld City; Denn and Mm. H
W. Stoke; Regent and Mm. Arthur C
flukes, Omiiha; Repent and Mm. Charles
Y. Thompion, Weit Point; Dean and Mrs,
T. J. Thomnrun; Col. and Mrs, Charles A,
Thuis,
- the educational effect which the
- proper co-operation yields."
In the last ten years, thousands
of college students have taken up
the chul!ci!"e of the depression,
- and learned ty mear.H of the co-
operative to finance themselves
They have, thus, been able to ac
quire an ( 'matirn which other
wise would lave Lecn denied them,
Plan used in
mid-west
universities
Oklahoma, So. Dakota,
Missouri, Texas A Cr M,
have successful clubs
The co-ops have come to college.
In the past ten years the co-operative
movement has risen to un
precedented heights on the college
campuses of the nation partly be
cause of the depression and partly
because of the advantage the
movement offered to students
after it had been started. While
the co-operative movement is still
in its comparative infancy on this
campus; many other schools have
well developed co-operative move
ments.
WEST TEXAS TEACHERS.
Outstanding example of the de
velopment of the campus co-op is
found in the progress made by the
movement at the West Texas
State Teachers college, at Can
yon, Tex. The growth of this in
stitution during the depression
years has been termed exceptional
by experts in school administra
tion, and the extent to which it
has not only maintained but in
creased its enrollment has been a
puzzle to many less fortunate in
stitutions. OKLAHOMA.
On the University of Oklahoma
campus three men's co-op houses
were recently formed which pro
vide both board and room for
members of the group. A book
co-operative has also been formed
on that campus, but it has not
been in existence long enough to
indicate the probable success of
the venture.
MISSOURI.
At the University of Missouri a
student co-op club has been in ex
istence two years during which
time its chief successful enterprise
has been the operation of an an
nual co-operative book exchange.
This organization has also done
much work in preparing for the
opening of a boys' board and room
co-operative. Other campus co-op
erative projects, not in conjunction
with the club, include two girls'
roming houses, a boys' boarding
club, and a co-op news bureau
which makes consumer co-opera
tive information available to stu
dents.
SOUTH DAKOTA.
One of the oldest of the Cc-
opjeratives is the book co-oopera
tive store on the campus of the
University of South Dakota, or
ganized in 1911 for the purpose of
providing books and supplies for
the students. Shareholders in this
co-operative are able to get both I
a rebate on the boks they had
bought early in the year and a sum
of money for the boks when they
sold them at the end of the se
mester.
TEXAS A. AND M.
At Texas A. and M. 1,000 earn
est students are obtaining a college
education for 82 cents a day. That
82 cents covers everything: room,
board, tuition, books, even neces
sary clothing. The secret lies in
the success of the Student Co-operative
Housing Project which found
its inception in the lean depression
years when so many other co
operatives started.
TEACHERS COLLEGES.
At Wyoming and Missouri
Teachers the student co-operative
movement has reached the point
where they can be termed financial
success bringing to the student the
savings which accompany the co
operative movement everywhere
These are a few of the dozens
of examples of successful college
co-ops to be found on campuses
from coast to coast. Information
on the organization of more con
Burner co-operatives can be gotten
from the National Committee on
Student Co-operatives. On the Ne
braska campus there are now three
successful co-operatives in opera
tion and a fourth club is in the
process of formation.
Rosenlof speaks twice
on democracy safeguard
Dr. George W. Rosenlof of the
department of secondary educa
Uon will address the annual din
ner meeting of the Schuyler
Chamber of Commerce December
4 on the Bubject, "Safeguards to
Democracy." He will discuss 8
similar topic at the Pawnee City
men s fellowship conference De
cember 6.
mLi iLinu.iJUHniGHicpiiMiBinnuf r-nTrTimn mi ii--"-" ' w "f ' ' " jfM
L
If '
i
Hi 'I'll I-
DAILY NEBRASKAN staff photo.
v; " ,7 3r; YA ' t, !' v
' ' - , S, I ; 4 V
J--Zt vV
Th hnvi nr rnr eo to work on the
accounts in a short informal business
meeting In Mrs. Wilson's room. In the
center, going over the latest bills for food
and laundry Is Gilbert Barrows, steward
for the club. Near the radio, trying to
divide his attention between the program
and that which Is going on In the room,
is Jack Carter, one of the waiters. An-
other waiter, Weston Plelstlck, Is on the
Practices
Continued from page 3
discovered by comparing the
scores made by a student in a
particular subject with the grades
he receives upon taking up that
subject. The bureau recently con
ducted such a check-up in 25
freshman classes with encourag
ing results, according to Dr. Guil
ford. The second function of the bu-
reau-or rather, the first, that of
rnnrtnetin- nnd hplnin with stn-
tistical surveys for the faculty, is
! 1 ty
carried on with the help of sev-
eral more-than-human machines
which save countless hours of
clerical labor in compiling results
of questionnaires and in arriving
.....
at accurate Statistics.
m.. ,,.hin..
Neea macnme.
Without the card-punching ma-
chine, the card-sorting and count-
ing machine and the adding ma-
chine. Mr. Cox, assistant director,
said, 'the bureau could not carry
out the surveys and compilations
t has undertaken.
Several ambitious projects have
been completed by the bureau at
the request of various faculty com-
mittees investigating educational
policies and practices with an eye
to improving the instructional Bet-
UP Of the University.
At the behest of the committee
on examinations, the bureau cir-
dilated among the faculty a ques-
tionnaire on tests. "We found,"
said Dr. Guilford, "that on the
Nebraska campus examinations
are used by instructors for 22 dif-
ferent purposes."
Four types of exams.
Some of the uses mentioned by
the bureau director are: Grading,
assigning sections, vocational
guidance and detecting defects and
special talents.
To attain these 22 ends, instruc
tors give four types of tests
psychological, objective, essay and
standardized achievement.
Surprised to find such a general
use of examinations, Dr. Guilford
said faculty members arc tending
to use more different kinds of
tests for more purposes.
The second in a series of small
bulletins being issued by the bu
reau discusses the examination
survey in detail. The bulletin was
issued yesterday.
Study grades.
Another study was made of the
kinds of grades being given by
the various instructors and depart
ments as requested by the faculty
r. W J)
l . u., 'iitun,. iMifcViii im fiiniMii ii anr 'ifiT"---" ..to ttmt MWMMBWiii mmmmmmfA
, committee on grades, it was dis
3
DAILY NEBRASKAN staff photo.
left and Mother wuson iooks up irora
her reading In the rear,
There Is no time like dinnertime for th
members of the Cornhusker Co-op. There
Is no fear of formality. These boys are
here for a feed and from their expres-
sions that's exactly wnat mey are gei-
ting. And the Dest tasting pan 01 u is
that it only costs them twenty cents.
covered that the grade standards
and practices of the university dif
fer considerably from one depart
ment to another.
Another project was a study of
class size made last spring at the
request of the faculty committee
on ciass slze and xing continued
this semester.
Invent new tests.
Now under way is the develop
ment of a battery of five psycho
logical exams to predict the
chances of future success for en-
Rineering students. To complete
the series of tests required, the
bureau has had to invent several
new examinations,
To arrange such a series of vo-
cauonai lesis, me Bureau muoi
make a "jb analysis ' of the par-
ticular field of work to discover
m a W a a. M n nUtlJilAAi aha tea a na 1 1 1 M A f-1 fl All
vv,,ttl Fwhu me requueu iui
success, in engineering, ror in-
stance, the power to visualize has
been found to he so lmnortant that
t.w0 tests have been devised to test
viqinn ninne
.. ... . 4 t .
Vocational interest testa are
1 ,ran ,uPj, flnJ out how the in-
,Vw , j 6 , "
i
L ai "
esta aml hobbies. On the basis of
f persons response to the 400
H'. u'-u"""u
tnat a ptul prediction can be
mane a io ma piuniiri'ia ui unci-
cnL " " "-" u.
Anu now we venture 10 aaa a
pwcuon mm m tue iuiure,
whether they are aware of it or
nut, students will be affected more
and more in curricula and classes
and other ways as a result of the
work done by the Bureau of In
structional Research.
Freadrich sings
in Omaha today
Miss Mildred Claire Freadrich
of Lincoln, voice student for three
years with Miss Alma Wagner of
the university school of music will
present a recital at Joslyn Me
morial in Omaha this afternoon at
4 o'clock.
Miss Freadrich won top honors
a year ago in a regional music
competition in Omaha, in which
forty sopranos participated. Of
the group, she was the only partici
pant to receive the highest rating.
Mrs. Margaret Llndgren will
play her accompaniments Sunday.
The program follows:
La Danxa Rossini
Wiegenlled Bruhms
Carmena WllaofJ
Th Blnger Maxwell
At the Well Hagjman,
Caro Nome Ver-
S
