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About The daily Nebraskan. ([Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (April 25, 1937)
THE DAILY NEBRASKAN SUNDAY, APRIi: 25, 1937 eat her Elements' Have Their in Book by Prof. T. A. Blair TWO w D ay v Book Gives Play by Play Description of Hailstorm Ice Covered Raindrops Require Tremendous Wind Velocity. Thiit nature's ways are nothing short of phenomenal is easily rcc ognized even in such a simple product as the hailstone. Here again Mr. Blair's book gives the reader a clear, almost play by play account of how hail is formed. He tells the story as fol lows: "Hail first forms as rain drops, which instead of dropping in the ordinary manner, are sud denly shot upward by a tre dous gale. The drops are car ried up into clouds high up in the atmosphere where snow is Meteorologists See More in Clouds Than Dream Castles; j Look Upward Before You Picnic o- Clouds are clouds as far as the unimaginative person is con cerned, but to the scientists each cloud consists of droplets of water oi crystals of ice with diameters varying from one-thousandth to four-thousandths of an inch. The meteorologist groups them Into ten different classifications as follows: (1) Detached clouds of deli cate and fibrous appearance, often arranged in bands; a fair weather cloud. (2) A group composed of small white flakes often ar ranged in ripples resembling the sands of the sea shore. (3) A thin whitish veil which gives rise to halos and gives the sky a milky look. (4) A group characterized by a layer of flattened globular masses sometimes so close to gether that their edges join. (5) A striated cloud or fib rous veil dense enough some times to hide the moon; look out for rain or snow. (6) A group composed of large flakes, gray in color with darker parts, giving the sky a wavy appearance; also a rain cloud. (7) A uniform cloud which resembles a fog, altho it does not rest on the ground. (8) A cloud dark gray in col or, nearly uniform, hangs low and generally brings rain. (9 A thick cloud with a ver tical development which when light is reflected from the side appears dark; the cloud known tor its silver lining; also a fair weather cloud. (10 Great massive clouds whose summits rise up like mountains; rain is in the off ing. MAN'S EFFORTS TO BRING RAIN ETERNALLY FUTILE Tremendous Weight of Rain Explains Impossibility j ut success. " No book on weather would per haps be complete today without a discussion of man's chances of pro ducing rain. Time and again throughout the centuries scientists and "rain makers" have both tried experiments of all types and of all magnitudes. What rain ever resulted was due to the forces of nature and not man's efforts. Professor T. A. Blair points out the futility of such attempts by xplaining that just a single inch cif rain weighs 113 tons per acre or 72,300 tons per square mile. Daily Nebraskan Station A Lincoln Nebraska THIRTY-FIFTH YEAR Published every Tuesday, Wednesday, TluirRflny. Friday and Sundny morn inns of the academic year b students rf the Uinve ;ity cf Nebraska under Minvi'in ol Uio Board of Publications. forming. There the drops con geal and take on a coating of snow and frost. After a while they leave this upward moving current of wind and fall again to a point where liquid drops are forming. Once again a power ful updraft sweeps the enlarged stones Into the region of snow where another coating of ice and snow is formed. The larger the hailstone, in all probability the greater number of times that it has been carried from one ele vation to another." One scientist has estimated that an upward velocity of at least 58 miles per hour is required to sus tain a hailstone 1 inch in di ameter, and at least a wind of 116 miles per hour to sustain a stone 3 inches in diameter. SOUNDS OF EXPLOSIONS DEPEND ON TEMPERATURE Audibility Controlled Warmth, Coolness of Atmosphere. by There are some strange things about the way sound travels in the atmosphere. The audibility of sound depends uon the tempera ture says Dr. Blair. That there is an increase in the temperature of the upper air was first suggested by a study of meteors and has since been confirmed by investiga tions of the behavior of sound waves. A large explosion may be heard for a distance of 60 to 100 miles in all directions from its sources be cause of the direct travel of sound waves through the lower air. Be yond this area there is a belt about 125 miles wide in which the sound cannot be heard. Then strangely enough.the sound again becomes audible in the zone of considerable width. This phenomenon may even be repeated resulting in an other zone of audibility beyond a second zone of silence. These outer zones of audibility can be accounted for only when it is assumed that, sound waves are refracted in the upper air and re turned to the earth. Lightning Does Not Zigzag, Cool Winds Bring Rain; Weatherman Blair Reveals in Ripley Fashion Speaking of thunder storms, when this phenomenon takes place following a hot spell in summer newspaper headlines often say, "Showers bring cooler weather" whereas the correct heading would read, "Cooler air brings showers," says J. A. Blair, campus weather man. "Thunder storms are most fre quent in the rainy regions of the tropics where heat and moisture are abundant," according to Mr. Blair's book. "In the United States they are most frequent along the eastern Gulf coast where they occur on more than 70 days a year. It has been estimated that over the globe there Is an average of 44,000 thunder storms occurring each day and an aver age of 1,800 in progress at all times. Lightning is never zig-zag in its course but is often curved and frequently branching. "S h e e t lightning" is the sudden lighting New Deal Barber Shop U AIIU I T 1306 O Street discussion staktum; Meteorologist Tells How to Talk Interestingly of The Atmosphere. Krom News and Feature Service The art of conversation has re cently been done an incalculable service. Weather Klements , a new book by Prof. T. A. Blair Lincoln weatherman and assistant From The Lincoln Journal PROF. T. A. BLAIR. professor of meteorology at the university, tells how to talk inter estingly and intelligently about man's favorite topic the weather. Among the most fascinating facts revealed in this readable, yet scientific, book are these: A delicate, constant film of ozone which floats through the stratosphere at a height of from 15 to 30 miles is the recently discovered phenomenon which means the difference between life and death on this earth. Acting as an atmospheric film, which if concentrated on the earth's surface would be only one-eighth of an inch thick, this gaseous mixture has been pro vided by nature to subdue to a proper degree the death dealing ultra-violet rays shot at the earth from the sun. Some Facts of Wind, Lightning, Tornado. A force capable of moving from ten to a hundred billion tons is required to produce the various wind movements which bow the tree tops and wave the fields of small grain. Lightning with all its tremen dous power is nothing but the re sult of the simple process of breaking up rain drops and thun- up of a cloud in the sky by a discharge, the path of which is not seen. When thunder storms develop beyond their normal sphere they are constantly referred to as tornadoes. It is estimated that winds near the center of the funnel cloud attained velocities of from two to three hundred miles per hour. The general direction of the tornado in this country is from southwest to northeast, so that if one of these storms is seen approaching, generally at a rate, of speed of 40 miles per hour, the individual can escape its violence If he has an automobile by driving at right angles to its path. d Shocking! Amazing! And All Of It True! b 3 pro;,mE )Mi Chester M0RR1S 1 I riDOIIInV Extra I THE 3 STOOGES Color Cartoon News NOW I Mat 20, Eves 20-25 W mm m uituntt atn mlt V M v Al Last Wc Know-What Is Back of llic North Wind! Four Forces Regulate Air Circulation Around Knt ire World. What makes the wind may have well been a question suggested to the minds of Lincolnites yesterday as the tremendous gales uprooted trees, broke branches, whizzed slate shingles through the air, and crashed large store windows. When the layman thinks of wind der the sound of the discharge, due to the sudden expansion of the air by heating. Strong buildings collapse during a tornado due to the sudden reduc tion of the air pressure outside the building as the result of the great "sucking power" of the uplifting wind. The twinkling of stars is nothing but the movement of air masses of different intensi ties across the individual's line of vision. The optical illusion of water surfaces which appear now and then on scorched highways Is caused by a thin, heated surface layer of air, about four feet in thickness, with considerably cooler and denser air above it. The apparent water surface is the image of the sky. Varied Temperatures WTiere to Find Them. The healthiest temperature is that ranging between 60 and 75 degrees. And speaking of temper ature, the highest ever recorded n the world was 136 degrees at Tripoli. A recording but two de grees below the world's high was made at Death Valley, California. Gif hr Mother Keep This List and McCallum Chiffon Hose Beau lav Doeskin Gloves Nat Lewis Purses Quinlan Beauty Preparations Exotic Perfumes Fragrant Colognes Luxurious Bath Oils Volupte Compacts Handmade Handkerchiefs Lelong Sachets Nelly Don Dresses Vanity Fair Underwear Seamprufe Slips All Will Be Simon Gift Wrapped he thinks of it as a power in itself. On the contrary, wind or air, like all other material sub stances, requires a force to put it into motion. One can appreciate what terrific forces are brought into play when heavy wind storms sweep through the country, level ing the landscape and killing many in its path. Energy Sources. The natural question to be asked then, is, what furnishes the tremendous sources of energy able to propel all the great trade winds, the prevailing westerlies and the occasional tornadic gales which threaten life and property during summer months? Mr. Blair says there are four sources of energy. One, insolation or the heat en ergy received from the sun which results in an unequal warming of the air mainly because of an un equal warming- of surfaces with which the air comes in contact. Two, gravitation: The unequal heating of the air produces differ ences in its density and the force of gravity naturally causes the heavier air to crowd out the lighter air from the lower levels. Three, a certain sort of energy could be included under the head ing condensation, which is the latent heat released by the con densation of water, vapor, supplies much energy and is chiefly re sponsible for vigorous gusts of wind such as one experiences pre ceding thunder storms. Four, ro tation: The earth's revolving re sults in changing the directon of moving air and is responsible for the great amount of eastward and westward currents in general circulation.