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Daily Nebraskan
Station A. Lincoln, Nebraaka.
1935 Member I93
J&soctakxi Golleeiafe Press
This PPr rtpraeentnd tor eneral advartlalnn. y the
l"p"r m.Tk....l,. triii Assoc atlon.
Kntsred eeoond-elaea matter at the POo'm
. . " . . . j-- nAMaMii. March I. 1B7V,
ffoL aet 2f Ootober I. l4l7. author.ied January 0, 1aa.
THIRTY-FOURTH VIA
rubllihtd Tua.d.y. "lh"Lr2? nd
Sunday mornlnoa durlno the aeadanna vr.
SUBSCRIPTION RATI
&s : ..." cepy 1 . arss
Under direction of tha Student Publication Board.
Editorial Office Onlvaraity Hall
ualnaaa Offlca Unlvaralty Hall 4A.
Talaphonaa-Dayl BM1 Nlghtt B688S. BS3S1 (Journal).
Official atudant oublleatlon of tha Onlvaraity of Nebraaka
w" In Lincoln, Nebraska.
IHWIN RYAN EDITOR-IN CHIEP
TRUMAN OBIRNDORF BUSINESS MANAGER
EDITORIAL STAFF
MANAGING EDITORS
0..rB. P.p.. NEW, MT0M - -""
j::'vv8.n,c8o?;PMEl..npr ClUb.
ocltty Editor Lpul" MM
BUSINESS STAFF
iifiMT ftilSINESS MANAGERS
.h v.mw Bob Bhellenbera . Rob Wadharns
jriulatlon M.n.a.r
Educate
For Democracy.
"TYRANNY is not loo abominable, when it s
subjects n-coiiae it as tyranny; dictator
ships are not so objectionable as Ioiir ns people
labor for their disintegration. It is when their
true purposes are obscured by other matters;
fc-hen superficial and unimportant sugar coat
inps of a temporary yet insidiously undermin
ing nature lead persons to believe Ihey are
serving an ideal when in reality they are slav
ing for a master this is when trajredy exists
Destruction of personalities, individuals and
people is vastly more pathetic than the mere
rbitrary assumption of powers by a single
man for a short span of one lifetime.
Vigorously driving home the fact that it
was the minds' that Hitler and Mussolini were
destrovine. Dr. "Walter M. Kotschnig, learned
Austrian lecturer, delved to the root of the
trouble both Italy and Germany are causing
the western civilization of today, in bis ad
dress to the well attended convocation Monday
morning at the Temple. Gloomily sounding the
sentiments of the helpless, insofar as correct
ing the present evils of these two countries is
concerned, Dr. Kotschnig declared that only
by turning to education could the ultimate
solution for difficulties be found.
"Education for democracy is the only
feasible defense against the ever threatening
totalitarian forces." Dr. Kotschnig declared.
"The verv essence of the totalitarian principle
is the subjection of the individual to the will
of the group or, politically speaking, to the
will of the state. Education in these countries
is defined as a program for evolving character
which in turn means the development of the
individual will, guided so as to conform with
the will of the stale."
Were Hitler and Mussolini content to but
maintain dictatorships for life the matter
might merely be tabled for the present. In
stead, thev are warping, twisting and narrow
ing the intellects of the people they rule. Fill
ing their minds with hatred, false egotism and
an unbalanced sense of sane proportions may
again consummate n another great catastro
phe. It is this permanent effect that is most
abhorred. It is this permanent and far-reaching
aspect that instills fear into the hearts of
other countries. Yet these other nations are
largely responsible. The allies' constant refus
als to heed the pleas of humanity in distress
forced Italy and more particularly Germany
to turn to such men in a final desperation for
economic security. Had the allies been more
ager in effecting a just and sane treaty with
Its, paramount objective reconciliation, such
tension in Europe might not live today.
Bwt enoueh for regret, we must faee the
fad, as Dr. Kotschnig states. It is up to edu
cation in America to see that no such narrow
Iwbi cf ideals is allowed to exist here as that
f Mussolini's "The Book and the Rifle" or
GwmMy's "pure race" mania. Upon educa
tion fri the United States must fall the bulwark
of tills burden. It would be well for our schools
to follow the one clause of the "Weisar consti
tution which gets forth the doctrine that a
function of the state is "to foster international
reconciliation." It was indeed an admirable
doctrine. As Dr. Kotschnig concludes. "It is
Bow time that our schools made a determined
Effort to teach what it means to live in a free
eonntry and to live under a democratic regime.
We must educate for democracy as these coun
tries have educated for totalitarianism."
NEWS PARADE
By
Ralph Woodruff
Discord May Prevent
a general European war, paradoxical as this
statement may seem. England and France are
at such odds "that the possibility of their unit
ing to punish either Germany or Italy is very
remote.
France is interested in the Rhineland sit
uation. She wishes to secure Italy's support
in her attempt to force the Germans to remove
all troops from the territory of the Rhine.
England, on the other hand, is interested in
the Ethiopian situation. She is willing to make
concessions to Germany in the Rhineland dis
pute in order to obtain Germany's support
against Italy. The result is a standstill with
immediate general conflict very improbable.
a
Demilitarization
or sanctions it Trance's demand of Hitler.
England on ta other band, wishes to try to
arbitrate the quarrel. France wishes to lift
the sanctions ajalnrt Italy. England wants
to press Italy for satisfactory peace negotia
tion! or threaten a new oil sanction.
France has indicated its stand in the
Ethiopian situation by unofficially warning
England that if she "plays a lone hand
against Italy, French support of the Eng
lish Mediterranean fleet will no longer be
guaranteed."
Mussolini
will apparently be allowed to subdue Kthiopiu
without further interference. Premier Baldwin
has practically admitted defeat in his attempt
to stop the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, lu a
speech Saturday, he indicated that Britain
would not Iry to ihrottle Italy by closing the
Suez canal because of lack of support from
other powers.
There is a growing conviction among na
tions of the league that economic sanctions are
useless and that onlv force will halt Ihe war.
No nation seems to be willing to use force, so
Ethiopia's appeals for help will bo useless.
Meanwhile in Ethiopia
the Italian forces are pressing on two fronts
to what seems a certain capture of the Ethio
pian capital. Addis Ababa. Tho there is much
difficulty in securing accurate reports concern
ing these movements it is generally conceded
lhat Ihe northern army of the Italians has cap
tured Dessye, strategic city on the northern
front, and that they are now pressing on to
the "eternal city," Dessye is 14. airline miles
from Addis Ababa.
On the southern front, the Italian armies
are storming the second largest city in Ethio-
fia, Hara, with many conflicting stories of
ts fall or resistance. The most persistent
rumor says that the Italians have decisively
defeated an army of 10,000 Ethiopians and
that fall of the city is imminent.
The ever optimistic Italians predict the
fall of the Ethiopian capital in time for the
celebration of the founding of Rome, which
celebration was to be held today.
STUDENT PULSE
Brief, conclaa eontrlbutlona pertinent to mattera ot
atudent life and tha unlveralty ara welcomed by thle
department, under tha uaual restriction! ot aound
newapaper practice, which excludes all libeloua matter
and personal attacks. Letters must be signed, but
namaa will ba withheld from publication If ao desired.
Let" Meet
For Peace!
TO THE EDITOR:
In view of tho fact that Wednesday, April
22, at 11 a. m., will be observed as a national
student strike against war on many campuses
in the country, students in the university have
raised the question of participation in this
H pin rtnstrn lion. A croun of students have con
sidered the possibilities of promoting a slrike
here, but feel that such a strike would not ne
particularly constructive in most of its fea
tures. However, ibis croun docs feel that an
opportunity is offered for a constructive effort
thru participation in the meetings to do noiu
in Lincoln April 23. As the chief speaker, Dr.
Alfred Salter, a member of the British parlia
ment, will brine a nicture oC the European sit
uation that will be of value to realistic work
ers for world peace. L. J.
CONTEMPORARY
COMMENT
This 1 the Diiw winning sy in thr ' How Can America
Stay Out of War?" content conducted lv i.i1itie Cantor. si
and screen star. The winner is 0en W. Matthew I", hign
school graduate ot Portland. Ore., who received the J5.000
peace scholarnhlp.
The previous winner limine been disqualified, the prlie
was awarded to the contestant who received the second hhet
number of votes from the judges. The Identity of the recipient
was r ealed by Cantor during hn Columbia broadcast, Sun-
da 'The "judges were Rnhert M. Huichlns. I nlversity of Chi
cago; Frederick Bertrand Robinson, college of the City of New
York; Ray Lvman Wilbur, l.eland Stantord univers'ty: and
Henry Noble McCracaen of Vassar college. The prlie essay
follows; ,
"My idea how America can stay out ot
war is based on my personal experiences.
"I am an Eac'le scout and have been in
scout ins for seven years. Thru scouting and
other worthwhile youth movements is the way
this can be accomplished.
"The snrintr of 1933 I beard of the com
ing fourth international scout jamboree to be
held in Godollo. Hnngarv, and made my plans
to attend. I went to the jamboree and there
found my solution for future world peace.
While a member of this wonderful jamboree 1
learned what true brotherly love meant.
"In Europe wherever we met a person in
the scout uniform we knew he was our loyal
friend and brother. Altho unable to converse
with some foreign scouts, their actions always
bespoke friendliness.
"All boys at ihe jamboree wanted to be
friends and we made new ones every day. By
actually living for two weeks with 30,0X) for-
, i. i
eign scouts we learned tint iney muiium mm
acted just as we did. even tho their color and
creed might be different. AN e loved these
brother scouts as much as those in America.
Thruout the jamboree encampment covering
many square miles was an attitude ot lriendii-
ness and good will, no thought of enmity,
everyone showing their paramount thought of
creating world peace for the future.
9 m m
"The real benefits from this jamboree are
being manifested as time goes on. I am cor
responding with eight scouts I met at Ihe jam
boree who live in the following countries, Es-
thonia, Luxembourg. England. Austria. Tersia,
Syria. South Africa and Australia. We ex
change stamps, songs, literature and various
articles pertaining to our respective countries
and thereby continuing our worthwhile friend
ship. After these contacts how could we ever
want to go to war against each other?
"If the Lmted States government senl
picked trrouns of youth to these international
gatherings, expenses paid, it would open the
eves cf youth the world over as to the tutiiity
of war. Upon their return to America they
should deliver lectures in schools and to older
organizations telling the thoughts of youth in
regard to war with other countries. If taught
in youth the crime of war. as adults these boys
will wholeheartedly disfavor war. Peace gath
erings and encampments of youth from all
countries will do more to further future world
peace than adult peace conferences held in
some castle or other building.
"Stress the movement for intelligent vot
ing at the polls, to see that the only people
sent to congress are those who will do every
thing humanly possible to always vote to keep
us out of war.
"If we teach our vouth of today the crime
of taking human life, as in war, they will vote
in the future to never leave their own shores
to fight against other nations.
"Thus 'America can stay out of war."
DR. SALTER, BUSH
TO SPEAK IN LINCOLN
Emergency Peace Campaign
To Hold Mass Meetings
Here April 23.
Dr. Alfred Salter, Rev. P. O.
Kennedy, and Miss Leuir K. As-
plnwall will be principal Hpeakera
at a meeting to be hold here April
23, sponsored by tha Emergency
Peace Campaign as a part of the
first atep in a nationwide move
ment to keep tho United Statca
from going to war. A series of like
mass meetings and conferences in
300 cities has been planned.
The meetings will all bo hold
within a period from April 21 to
May 18, and will bo followed up
with a comprehensive effort by
members of peace, church, labor
and other groups to unite public
opinion opposition to American
participation in another war.
Parliament Member Speaks.
The launching of tho Emergency
Peace Campaign in Lincoln will be
under the auspices of the Lincoln
Peace Council, and the World Fel
lowship Council. The program will
be opened by a luncheon at the
city Y. M. C. A. Thursday noon at
12 o'etock, with Dr. Sailer, mem
ber of the British Parliament and
former member of tha London
County Council, London's supreme
governing body. He is a brother
of Sir Arthur Salter .the noted
British economist. He refused at
one time the mayoralty of Ber
mondsey, which was then offered
to and accepted by Mrs. Salter.
Dr. Salter thus became mayoress.
Reservations may be made for the
luncheon by calling the city
Y.M. C. A.
At the mass meeting Thursday
at 7:45 p. m. at St. Paul church,
speakers will include Dr. Salter,
Dr. F. J. Kennedy, and Miss Lura
E. Aspinwall. Dr. Kennedy is pas
tor at Simpson Methodist church
in Minneapolis. He has been ac
tive in the Methodist Federation
for Social Service, the Fellowship
of Reconciliation, and numerous
other organizations.
Speaker Religious Director.
Miss Aspinwall, of Indianapolis,
Ind., is a national director of stu
dent work of the United Mission
ary Society and is author of a
number of articles on religious ed
ucation and allied subjects. She is
known to many of the Lincoln peo
ple by her services as director of
religious education at the First
Christian church.
The Hon. George Lansbury, for
mer leader of the British labor
party, and Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt,
wife of the president, will apeak
from 9 to P:30 on Tuesday, April
21. in a nationwide broadcast in
connection with the peace cam
paign. KOTSCHNIG SPEAKS
OF DICTATORSHIPS
(Continued from Page 1).
of their hopes Mussolini and Hitler
are training the youth of their em
pires for the use of force.
Imminent danger lies in the nar
rowness of the ideals of both men.
Dr. Kotsching explained. The
slogan that confronts every stu
dent in an Italian school from the
time that he makes his first en
trance in the lowest grades of
work until he has sworn his oath
to the government at the age of
eighteen is "the bok and the rifle."
Italian Taught.
All through school the Italian lad
is being taught that Italy is the
greatest nation under the sun. not
in the way which is customarily
practiced in most nations but in
a much more insistent and com
pulsory manner, the speaker de
clared. Its merits are extended so
far that victory in the last war is
even attributed to the peninsular
empire. "Of course England,
America, France and others bad
something to do with the victory
but It was Italy who stepped forth
to save the world for democracy,"
Dr. Kotsching jested.
After educational authorities are
quite convinced that the student
has been thoroughly sold on the
love of his native land, they under
take to show him that this great
est of all nations was deceived and
cheated in the last peace confer
ence. "This, however, ia not so
much of a falsity as one might
believe, for they were truly de
ceived by conference leaders,"
stated the speaker as he paused
to justify at least in part the edu
cational principle.
Force Preparation.
Then of course there is the ne
cessity for preparation for force
which comes through their system
of physical education, he enlarged.
From the time the student enters
school until he has reached his
elder years, he U taught to march.
At eight he Is taught to parade
with a wooden rifle. After that pe
riod he is instructed in the hand
ling of weapons until he is eighteen
when he is marched to Rome and
compelled to swear the oath of
allegiance to the government
After this ceremony he is given a
rifle and henceforth is a soldier to
remain in the ranks of the Italian
army In any time of need.
In the neighboring state of Ger
many the educational setup ia con
siderably different than in Italy,
Mr. Kotschnig explained. In the
earliest grades the FurDloded
Germans go to the same schools
as the non-aryans those Whose
family had been tainted with Jew
ish blood and the less pure are
held up before the aryans as prod
ucts of a cursed race. In second
ary and higher education only
those who are of pure heritage are
allowed to advance.
There are, of course, no teach
ers except those who have proven
their purity, and who have de
clared themselves strictly opposed
SHORTHAND
IN 30 DAYS
mawnu(. aVwUtatetat. Sratartal
a4 UtaMtwa SMal Cwa. Oar
U4 ETtalng SmMob. lutwll
mmt4 Dally. Crraa UifM alM.
MS- Kfeharfe Bt 111k A O Ma.
DirkinaoB Secretarial School
Btll Umntm, Htm.
to any Jewish principles, he ad
vised. In Oermany, one cannot become
an Instructor until he has worked
with tho unemployed In a labor
camp lor at least nix months, The
practice has been beneficial at
least In one aspect, the speaker
lauded, for It has brought about a
closer relationship between the
manual laborer and "white col
lared" Intellectual, where at one
time there was a bitter feeling of
distinction,
In the words of the cotiHtitution
of Weimar the purpose of an edu
cational setup should he "to fos
ter international reconciliation," he
explained. In the belief of the
German educators tho educational
organisation should be directed
primarily at the expansion of the
empire and the purification of its
race. Eventually they hope that
"the sword will come to its own
again and the pen will bo put in
ita place,"
The majority of the educational
institutions in Italy are for boys
only. "You can't make soldiers
out of women,' continued the
speaker ami consequently effort
should not be wasted for their edu
cation. War Not Inevitable.
In conclusion the speaker de
clared "I don't think that war is
Inevitable as yet if a new peace
conference Is arranged, and a sys
tem of collective security Is act up
to avoid war,
"Dictators are living and pros
pering on foreign triumphs only
for they have made a pitiful moss
of domestic affirs and any move
to check their outside advance will
decrease their threat of future ca
tastrophes." Totalitarian Ideas are
spreading and it is now time for
thus far pure nations to atep in and
lend a hand, the speaker urged.
It is now time that in our schools
we made a determined effort to
teach what it means to live in a
free country and to live under a
democratic regime. We must edu
cate for democracy as they hnev
educated for totalitarianism. '"The
western countries and particularly
America may be the saviour of
universal civilization once more.'
Iowa Loads Fiflli
District in Drive
For Olympic Fund
AMES, Ia., April 20. The state
of Iowa is leading the Fifth dis
trict in the national Olympic drive
for funds to send the United
States athletes to Berlin, Ger
many, George F. Veenker, ath
letic director at Iowa State col
lege and chairman of this district,
revealed today.
Iowa holds a lead over South
Dakota in total contributions re
ceived at this time. Nebraska is
third high; Oklahoma, fourth;
Missouri, fifth, and Kansas and
North Dakota, sixth.
The contributions from the high
ae.hoola and colleges In the dis
trict are coming in very satisfac
torily, Veenker explained, and tne
goal' of the committee is to secure
100 nprcent cooperation from all
the schools in the seven states of
the district.
A bsent-Mindedness
Of Professor Gires
Him Time to Snooze
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Apr. 20.
Prnfnsanr Arthur Darbv Nock told
his Harvard students Professor
George Lyman Kittridge would
lecture to them on pnnosopny.
Professor Kittridee did not appear
at the class session. He was
found napping at home.
Professor Nock rememoeien ne
had forgotten to invite him to the
class. This was recorded another
"Absent-minded professor," story
this week.
Al ay Our RrnUI Department Inr tha
Clranrnt, Safest ana .Nrweat
RENT-A-CARS
ant tie loweit too.
lite P St. BMis
Opea t4 Honn Lincoln, Kebranka
We Are RRO Tllnlrlhutora
tor Thl Territory
Ilea Flylnt Hoods and Tracks
MOTOR OUT COMPANY
SWLWCOT REPORT
Department of Interior
Publishes College
Professors Pay.
(By Associated Collegiate Preis.)
WASHINGTON, D. C (ACT).
-The extent of the severe Hillary
cula taken by faculty members of
tho nation's M land Riant colleges
during the depression period has
been oul lined here In a special re
port issued by Dr. Walter J.
Greeuleaf of the department of
Interior's office of education.
Demia employed on a nine
month basis saw their median sal
aries decreased from S.H3 in
1928-20, to $4,1R7 In lP:H-3. an
average decrease of more than
$1, li.il).
The survey showed similnr de
pression period slashes paid to pre
feesors, assoclale professors, in
Hlstant professors and instructor
Full time professors on a nine
month basis received an average
salary of M.27B In 1H2S-29. By
1934-3(1 their annual income had
decreased to $3,T7fl. Those on an
eleven-twelve month basis had
their salaries cut from $4,161 to
$3.fiS2 over tho same period of
time.
Associate professors dropped
from $3,352 salaries in 192S-29 to
$2,903 In 1934-3!i; assistant pro
fessors from $2,738 in lwzs-m 10
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
TASSELS.
Tassels will meet Tuesday eve.
ning at 7 p. m, In Kllen SmilU
hull.
Danoing Class,
Soriul dancing cliias will meet
Friday evening, April 24, at 7
p. m, In the armory.
Pershing Rifles.
Important meeting of Pershing
Rifles, Tuesday, il o'clock. Flrl
practice for regimental platoou
drill,
$2 449 in 1931-35, and Instructors
from $2,OU.'i to $1,769 over tr
four year period.
Salaries for the present year aro
higher than last year.
SPRING COATS
HAVE THEM
CLEANED NOW
Save 10 Cash Carry
MODERN
CLEANERS
Soukup aV waitover
CALL F2377 FOR SERVICE
in this y y X'R
pair . r 7
PHANTOM- ''iflp, -.'VV p)
VEIGHTS "'NSYv
Breath -oSpring iSflfl
OIROU AND BkASSltRi M'SM
Vt Mw np4rJ In lh wake of y! f !
M bsastac to fat Into tha wsx, ' ' : ' : '
1)1 r.pmom thsng. The broakrs 'V'y
la Koolrlaaa rtlpovtr with
pranosjnsad tapttfL The girdle :
ta i sctal.atcpin with f I
Lastaai akias and a mltc " I
otmm botabw. V
YES, THAT BRASS AMD COPPEft f BUT GOSH,
PIPE CAME FROM ASIA. CHUBBlNS,WHO
DADDY HAS LOTS OF METAL, WDULD WANT
pipes in his r- r to smoke a
COLLECTION! I jgrjgiL RED-HOT BCASS
r- 11 I nrv o .-'-
r-ll-'Ci r I I
CRA2V
I 1
.irj . .. . in I .
I -fc J I 'J 1 V I- i
T I I
WELL, DADDY SAYS TWE ASIATIC V
ARE VECY FOND OP METAL VCA
EVEN IN PIPES . AND, IP THEY
OOMT MINO, WHY
SHOULD YOU ?
JUDGE, YOUR IMPOSSIBLE
OFFSPRING'S BEEM SHOWING
ME METAL Pi PES IN! YOUR
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JUST THINKING ABOUT
irmTHEM
MERE, YOU TRY
THIS PRINCE
ALBCRT. AND
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WHAT "THE WOCO
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Kirc r(J A i VU't;lAH
ONE-MINUTE "QUIZ"
FOR PIPE SMOKERS
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You've guessed it Prince Albert ! Thera's no other
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I isss, 1. mtfi T. o.
50
plpsjfuU f LW
ffrant tobacco lit
rrr tunot tin
mi Print Albert
I
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(5ifeaf) X. J. RXVNOLDS TOBACCO COMPANY
Wtaatoa-Saleaa, North Carolina
TNE NATIONAL
JOY SMOKE
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