THE DAILY NEBRASKAN
THURSDAY, MARCH 2.1. 1933.
4mester
jf.tr mailed
nr If represented for rcneral
advertising by the Ncbruk Pro
Association.
SUBSCRIPTION RATIJ
Under direction of the Student Pub
llcatlon Board
Editorial Office Unlverelty Hall 4.
Stialneaa Office Unlvorslty Hall 4.
Telephone! Day: B6891; Night, B68S2
or B3333 (Journal) ask for Nebras
fcan editor.
EDITORIAL STAFF
Edltnr-ln-Chlrf Thll Brnwnrll
MANAGING EDITORS
Dick Moran Lvnn Leonard
NEWS EDITORS
eorn Murphy Lamolne Bible
Violet Crota
porta Editor Burton Marvin
Society Editor Carolyn Van And
Woman'! Editor Margaret Tr-iele
BUSINESS STAFF
Business Manager... .Chalmen Gratum
ASSISTANT BUSINESS MANAGERS
Bernard Jennings George Holyoke
Frank Muigrave
Democratic
Autocracy.
HTHB Dally Nebraskan has no intention of trying
to tell the legislature that it is a bunch of sap
heads" and to dictate to it what it should do, as was
charged by C F. Beushausen of Loup Ciy on the
floor of the house Tuesday. The Daily Nebraskan
has disagreed with the committee report, and Mr.
Beushausen suggests that the Board of Regents
abolish the organ of student expression. Its tatti
tude, eaya Mr. Beusnausen, 'is nothing short of a
disgrace.
We are wondering, in all seriousness, if the leg
islature, because it was elected by popular vote and
entrusted with the function of passing laws for the
state and with providing for reductions in state
costs la thereby justified In stopping its ears to the
request of some people, and incidentally of the
Daily Nebraskan, that other points of view be considered.
The Daily Nebraskan is not necessarily hostile
to the legislature. We believe that the members
are acting In good faith, trying to reduce taxes be
cause they realize the dire straits of citizens of the
state. But we do believe that they are overdoing
the matter. There Is an attitude of autocracy which
fails to consider things in any but one light.
VfVE see In the fact that the Nebraskan has pointed
out objections to the committee report, nothing
disgraceful whatsoever. We reiterate our opinions
of the report and believe that the legislature is un
wise, in attempting to control policies which by their
very nature are' administrative! WeSvould say the
same thing If the legislature were composed of
the most highly educated experts In the country.
The Nebraskan also feels that the tendency of
the Nebraska legislature to slash everything has
been taken without due consideration of the relative
benefits to be derived from the respective cuts as
opposed to the amount of damage which may be
done as a result of the cuts. Intelligent legislation
must take Into account the future as well as the
present regardless of the exigencies of the situation
to be met.
After all, the Daily Nebraskan is but one means
of expressing public opinion. Far more intelligent
and experienced editorial writers than are repre
sented on the Nebraskan, however, have pointed out
similar and even Identical criticisms of the legisla
ture. If all these various opinions are taken as per
sonal antagonistic propaganda against the legisla
ture, the purpose of these criticisms is defeated.
And If the legislature chooses to Ignore every sen
timent except what is expressed in committee rooms,
caucuses, and on the floor, then it is an autocratic
agency of government no less obnoxious than the
most dictatorial kingship ever In existence.
What Other
Editors Think.
on all sides of a subject, and, furthermore, students
heads should not be bothered with such things.
A bit of applicable irony from the Oklahoma Daily.
However slow recovery in general may be, the
financial recuperation of the natioh's schools and
colleges will lag behind the general trend. State
and public institutions which await annual alloca
tions by legislative bodies are among the last to re
cover. It is particularly unfortunate that salaries
of those on the public tax pay roll lag behind in
times of mounting costs and larger budgets.
At the University of Illinois, for example, the
actual purchasing power of faculty salaries in 1913
was only regained after 16 years, altho during this
period of slight salary increases were made regu
larly. Since above-high-school education is the
common denominator of every man's and every
woman's ambition, it becomes an ideal that will not
be easily surrendered. Legislators might do well to
take this into consideration when planning what
functions of government shall be curtailed. Los
Angeles Junior Collegian.
. Continual insertion of the faculty wage scale
in the mire of politics can have only ultimate re
sult. It will bring about Intellectual sterility by so
harrassing and terrifying the instructors that the
majority of them will hesitate to express their hon
est convictions and sincere beliefs. There is no
doubt that a noteworthy faculty personnel is one
of the greatest assets a university can enjoy. Ore
gon is fortunate in being in that position at present.
It is to be hoped that the legislature is sufficiently
aware of this fact. Discretion must be observed at
Salem jn future legislation regarding higher educa
tion. Oregon Emerald.
Some of our eminent law-makers are doing
their utmost to revive the dark ages. The legisla
ture has recommended that Chancellor Kerr's sal
ary be reduced 50 percent. In the same recommen
dation, it was reported that the national guard ap
propriations were to sustain a tremendous reduction
of from $198,937 way down to $186,383.
It does seem a bitter shame that the national
guard will lose $12,554. This deplorable fact ap
pears even more tragic when one realizes that the
higher educational system has suffered a cut of
only $1,107,000. Oregon Emerald.
There is something sinister and foreboding in
the spirit exhibited in the appropriations measure
just passed by the South Dakota legislature. In
some of its details, it is a bitter, prejudiced attack
on education, particularly at State college. This
saving to the taxpayers of South Dakota will mean
too little to deserve serious consideration. In its
effect on the educational institutions of the state,
it is deplorably crippling, and a distinct backward
step. Brookings County Press.
Reducing faculty salaries requires no thought,
no effort, no re-organization. It can be done by
anybody who understands the rudiments of arith
metic. But it is in my opinion the stupidest and
most short-sighted means of cutting the cost of edu
cation. Robert M. Hutchins, president of Chicago
university, in an article from the Rotarian.
A Minneapolis tax-payer recently estimated
that he would save 15 cents on his total tax bill of
$171 if the budgets for the state teachers colleges.
and University of Minnesota were slashed as sug
gested by the legislature. It is becoming increas
ingly evident that there are men in our legislative
halls who are going to sacrifice the opportunities
for higher education in order to save 15 cents 'on
the average Minneapolis taxpayer's bill.
Our elders are going to save 15 cents on their
tax bills, but we'll spend dollars to replace their
self-levied exemptions. Minnesota Daily.
The University
and the
Legislature
Ity Jamei I'.'. I.nwrvnre
The University and
The Graduate College.
' j'HE Dally Nebraskan, it seems, despite its "dis
graceful attitude," is not the only college paper
in the country, to say nothing of the 'legitimate"
press which feels Justified in calling to the attention
of legislators the fallacy in making education bear
the brunt of government cost reductions. We are
printing A few editorial opinions from these other
papers.
They Indicate, not alone that universities are
defending themselves, but that there is a wide
spread feeling on the part of legislators favoring
pitching on education. This attitude is born of an
unthinking spirit of panic and Is not worthy of the
American people and their chosen legislators.
It is an Ironic indictment of our legislators that
during times of depression they should attempt to
economize drastically in one of the institutions that
should prove of value In preventing similar occur
rences. The first thing that came to the minds of
the California law makers as apparently the safest
thing in which to cut expenses and still please their
most important vote supporters was the state edu
cational system. California Dally Trojan.
The legislators who insisted upon limiting all
deans and department heads to fixed salaries, in
stead of allowing regents to adjust salaries accord
ing to caae-study justification, bad nigK-mare ideas
that the new regents might "go wild." The salary
limit clause Is inconsistent witb other action of the
legislators, inasmuch as no similar measures were
added to appropriation bills outside the education
field. University of Washington Daily.
It la unnecessary, we believe, to make any plea
to the legislature for funds with which to continue
adequately the work of the university. It Is equally
fraltleM to ask for any special favors in the matter
ef finances during these times. We are assured that
we shall have the just and equitable consideration of
both the house and senate. Utah Chronicle.
The effrontery of college students, to imagine
that they have a light to read, think or write about
questions that are bfce the public today! W
tnuet cot encourage the k of getting information
Contemporary
Comment
"AN the state, through its state -university, afford
to support research? In these-days of econo
mies the public is rightly asking what public ex
penses can be eliminated. One that seems most ob
vious to many is the expense of research fostered
by our graduate college. It is readily said that the
state owes no one education beyond the bacculau-
reate degree.
It may be true that a state does not owe any
one even a bachelor's degree, and yet it may owe
society things that it does not owe! to any individual.
The original research done by graduates in our
graduate schools is in the nature tf broadening the
fields of knowledge.
The graduate student works only a very small
field seldom if ever enough to make a saleable
discovery. His contribution Is often in the nature
of explanatory experimentation which is only valu
able in guiding the director or other scholars in dis
covery of new truths. This work while it has no
monetary value to the student is of immense value
to society. Much of the progress of modern medi
cine, applied agriculture, and more efficient indus
try is based upon the efforts of these humble researchers.
It should alsb be borne in mind that the pur
pose of the "Land Grant Act," under which the Uni
versity of Nebraska was organized, was for the pro
motion and advancement of knowledge. This does
not mean a mere teaching institution. Yet one
might qtiestion whether any teacher can reach his
maximum teaching efficiency until he has done a
creditable piece of research. It Is through the con
fidence that comes from complete knowledge of
some subject that the teacher blossoms into full
competence.
It should be borne in mind that the graduate
college is not on the same footing with other profes
sional schools. Students in the nrofessional nrhnnla
make no research contribution to social progress
and they enter professions where the public fixes no
limit on their compensation whereas the graduate
student will go largely Into public callings in which
mere are very definite legal limitations upon his re
muneration.
It is needless to speak of the effect of the rrad-
uaU college upon the teaching staff of the Univer
sity. Every prominent educator has recognized the
graduate college aa a sort of cambium layer of the
university where growth taks place.
One might w!l auk: Can the state afford not
to support and encourage gradiAte rmearch?
J I.. riKIJ.KRR.
Profi'div.r of HiMory.
is r
(Continued from rage 1.)
other ways to exercise functions
that are "properly the business of
lh hnnrd of reeents. Such tasks
are administrative and should be
undertaken only after, a careful
study of conditions and a full
knnu'livin-e of nil the factors in
volved. The regents and university
Heads are constantly maKing trim
study and possess that knowledge.
The legislature could act only
blindly.
"One doubts for example,
whether it would be wise to limit
anv university salarv to that paid
any state official. Positions for
-vhich one may qualify only by
vpnrs nf stnriv and nrenaratlon are
not on a par with those gained by
. . ... i j . .
political hick. iNoining wouiu un
dermine the usefulness and value
nf ihi university more than to
drive its best professors into other
schools. NCDrasna university una
ordered salary cuts in keeping with
the times, and is prepared to order
more. It must arrange its budget
in conformity with whatever total
sum Is appropriated for the com
ing biennium, but it should be per
mitted to make the specific sav
ings for itself, and not under the
hastv dictation of an uninformed
legislature."
w -
Vn mnttrr how well meant the
committee's findings and recom
mendations are. they are a plain
deliberate violation of both the
spirit and the express wording of
the statutes.
tvio fpnr that hune-line would re
sult from the effort of any group
not intimately schooled in the ex-.,-!
r,rnhi.nis of the university is
justified by the report which has
been made, .Tne cornmiu.ee icuum-
mendations show mat were no
economies put into effect, me
budget for the biennium snouia ne
$6,270,661. Instead of that, how
cv tho rpnnrt insists that Gov
ernor Bryan's figures of $6,129,661
. i ennr AfA
should be reduced Dy ooo,uuu.
This would give the university but
774 Kfii which is $526,000 less
than is justified on the basis of
the committee nnciinga.
The explanation of this inconsis
tency, or error, is found in
the failure ot me commin.ee iu
take into account, the decline in
tho rnsh funds of the university.
Their action was not wilful. The
chairman of the house committee
admitted that the factor of a de
lino in rnsh funds was not taken
in making the recommendations,
hut instead tne committee pro
ceeded on the theory that they
wnnlH hi? the same in 1933-1935 as
they were in 1931-1933. Any study
of the question would convince the
legislators that the cash funds of
the university inevitably will be
reduced considerably during the
coming biennium.
Nor is that the only thing in
which experience is reflected. In
the higher salary brackets, reduc
tions are applied in such a way
that recognition which the regents
have given properly to merit, and
years of service, will be over
turned. As a specific example, the
educator now drawing $3,200 an
nually, under the program adopted
by the committee will draw con
siderably less than the professor
who is receiving now $3,000. It
was this situation, which Repre
sentative C. F. Beushausen, of
Loup City, wisely attempted to
point out to the legislature last
week, when it was considering sal
ary reductions for county officials,
but the majority refused to recog
nize the point.
Tn the same manner, the com
mittee closed its eyes to the speci
fic requirements which must be
met in the federal aid funds ex
tended to the University of Ne
braska. Under the grant by the
federal government, the purposes
for wfilch these funds may be
snent are defined snecificallv. The
committee took no account of j
whether salaries were paid entirely j
ny tne state or partly Dy tne mine
and partly by the federal govern
ment. For the past several months,
education in general, and the Uni
versity of Nebraska particularly,
has been under the drum fire of a
small group of noisy agitators. It
is not surprising that their clamor
should find ready soil, because j
educational costs, specifically with j
reference to the public schools, are j
heavy.
The committee, after weeks of
inquiry, reports the University of
Nebraska has been managed excel- I
lently and is worthy of the pride !
which its citizens possess for it. .
The fact that has been over
looked is that school boards and
the management of the University
of Nebraska, recognizing the Im
perative needs for economy, have
proceeded to slash wherever pos
sible. In the case of the univer
sity, a 10 percent salary reduction
was ordered a year ago. Before
this legislative session opened, the
board of regents proposed a still
further reduction in funds in ap
preciation of the conditions con
fronting the taxpayers. That re
duction was one of the few volun
tary cuts taken by spending agen
cies of the state. The budget
drafted by the governor necessi
tated a salary cut of 20 percent,
but ignoring it, and ignoring the
leadership of the democratic party,
the democratic majorities have
proceeded in their own way. It is
not common sense ana it deserves
the stern rebuke of the people of
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the state. Too much In sacrifice
has gone into the university to per
mt it tn h torn down thru un
thinking action. Thousands of Ne
braskans, who have spent large
sums of money to complete their
course or study at tne umveiaiiy,
do not deserve having that invest
ment destroyed by converting their
alma mater into a political foot
boll to sink to tho ranks of an ob
scure and Becond rate educational
Institution. Thousands more Ne
braskans, contemplating tho edu
cation of their children in years to
come, are entitled to an institution
which commands their respect. For
if it is not provided in Nebraska,
they will send their boys and girls
elsewhere, even at greatly added
cost. Does any one believe the
state will not suffer if that takes
place? That is the challenge which
confronts the Btate university.
DEBATE OPENS ON
FINANCE MEASURE
(Continued from Tape 1.)
Off agricultural extension,
$17,350.
Off conservation and survey,
$32,000.
The addition of a $4,000 approp
riation to repair hail loss at the
North Flatte agricultural experi
ment station completes the approp
riations proposed by tho finance
committee. (
Wells Satisfied.
Chairman Frank Wells of the
house finance committee which
drew up the appropriation meas
ure expressed himself as com
pletely satisfied with the bill. "I
feel that the appropriation meas
ure is the best that could have
been submitted under existing con
ditions," he said. He refused to
comment on any specific part of
the bill.
Speaker O'Malley of the house,
on the other hand, declared that
some appropriations are too high,
while others are entirely too low
to permit efficient performance of
the functions required of them."
He saw little hope, however, oi
the house increasing the commit
tee's proposal for the university,
declaring that Wednesday morn
ing's 81 to 1 vote or approval to
the special committee report
showed the house backing any
economy move almost to a man.
He added that this vote indicated
that the entire appropriation bill
woiild be put thru the house in rec
ord time. "House sentiment
strongly luvors the recommenda
tions of the finance committee,"
he declared.
PBK, SIGMA XI TO
RECOGNIZE HONOR
SENIORS JOINTLY
(Continued from Page 1.)
ures in the field of educational
psychology in the United States,
according to Prof. Clifford M.
Hicks, secretary of the local chap
ter of the Phi Beta Kappa.
Serving formerly as professor of
psychology and director of ho
psychological laboratory at Yale,
Dr. Judd has been more recently
dean of the school of education at
the University of Chicago. Among
his contributions in rcsenrch are
those in the study of tho nature of
reading and in the study of the na
ture of numbers. These contribu
tions have been embodied, in part,
in school text books, one of the
most outstanding of which is his
"Psychology of High School Sub
jects," known In its more recent
revised form as "The Psychology
of Secondary Education."
Judd Member Both Socltlei.
Dr. Judd Is a member of both
Thl Beta Kappa and Sigma XI.
Altho no scale of grade averages
has been announced for the new
members of the two organizations,
they will probably closely follow
the standard set in other years.
In the year 1928, forty-one mem
bers were admitted to P. B. K.
with the high average at 94.30, and
the low at 87.73. Fifty members in
1929 set the grades at 94.87 high,
and 88.00 low. In 1930 fifty-two
members with averages ranging
from high at 93.87, to low at 88.54.
A high average of 93.87 and a low
of 88.57 admitted forty-six mem
bers in 1931. Last year the high
average was 95.45 and tho low
88.10. Forty-flvo members quail
fled.
Dr. Winona M. Berry, professor
of education at psychology and
measurements, local president of
Phi Beta Kappa, will preside nt
the meeting. Chancellor K. A. Bur.
nctt will Introduce tho main
speaker.
I
HOWE HEADS PALLADIA
Graham Howo Is the new prcsi-,
dent of Talladian literary society
for the spring term, it was an
nounced Wednesday. .Officers'
elected also Include Lucio Starr,
vice president; Margaret Reedy,
critic; Marjorie Filley, recording
secretary; Leona Geiger, cone,
spondlng secretary; Helen Still,
program secretary, and Elwood W.
Camp, historian. The officers will
servo for the months of April,
May nnd June.
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