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THE FARMER AT SCHOOL
The school of agriculture Is one of
the youngest departments In the Uni
versity, and yet so rapidly has been Its
development that It has attracted the
attention of the peoplo of the state to
Buch an extent that mere is coming
to bo a desire among all for Its sup
port. Beginning In 1895 with only
fifteen students, it has steadily pro
gressed until this year when the regis
tration has reached 206. In the first
years of its history the school offered
no Instruction except lectures on three
or four technical subjects. Now there
aro six departments offering Instruc
tion in technical work, and sufficient
work Is given In academic subjects to
send the student forth well trained In
thoso general subjects with which a
business man should be acquainted.
When the school first started the farm
ors of the state did not feel that their
sons could be taught anything which
would be of value to them as farmers.
Now, however, they are In very hearty
sympathy with the work done, declar
ing that their sons aro very-much more
valuable to them after having such a
course. It not infrequently happens
that prominent farmers write to the
principal of the school saying that
their eons have saved them in one year
four and five times the amount of the
money expended in attending the
school. Farmers have also concluded
that it Is an economical thing for their
sons to spend six months every year
in attending school a thing which
could not havo been brought about ex
cept because of the fact that the school
has shown itself worthy of tho con
fidence of farmers which It enjoys to
day. It may be asserted that within
five years every county In the state will
have from three to ten representatives
In tho six month's course. This points
conclusively to the coming of the time
when farmers will not only demand
for their sons a training such as the
school gives, but will also feel that the
wdrk of the school should bo supple
mented by a course In an agricultural
college.
Some Things the Man from tho Farm
May Learn from the. School.
Having entered the school of agrlculr
ture, the young man finds himself in an
Institution of high school grade, but
in which the studies are largely of a
strictly agricultural nature. Ho begins
to see that what he was led in the
district school to bellove to be the only
studies capable of producing Intellec
tual development were only a part of
. i ,, ., ., ;. ; , ,; w ; M i l 1 !!
Tfyoufavt
S
as yet visited our 13th AN?
X street store, we would be t
T pleased to have you come. T
I Our Easter display will be 1
fine, and then you can get f
some of the Chocolate Chips t
and other Chocolates that X
you have heard us talk about. X
JL
Maxwell's
13th &&, 206 So. tltb St '
1426 0 St.
tt2Mt,IMt"IMIiI'lIl,it
those really contributing to a well
ruunded education. Questions of farm
economy and the scientific reasons for
farm operations are hero regarded with
as much respect as lltoraturo or art:
He is likely to regard Ihls with somo
degree of incredulity at first, but as he
becomes familiar with the every day
work of the school ho loses tho feeling
of awe he is apt to possess for the
academic studies, in his interest In the
work In which ho Is engaged.
Instruction is given by means of
talks and recitations in the class room
and this 1b supplemented by demonstra
tions and practical work In the labora
tory, which the student performs him
self. It is not intended to teach the
operations of the farm with which all
farm boys aro familiar, but only thoso
that are not ordinarily acquired on the
farm, and which require skill and
knowledge for their performance. For
this rcasoiT it Is not Incongruous that
a course of this kind should be given
largely during the winter months. It
Is true that tho practical operations
of field agriculture, such as plowing
and cultivating crops, cannot be taught
at that time, but the agricultural
school does not attempt to teach plow
ing and similar operations. A knowl
edge of these will have been acquired
by the student before ho comes to tho
school. If ho is over to attain pro
ficiency in these it can only be by the
actual oft repeated practice to which
eVery farm boy is subjected. The
properties of soil and its action under
tillage can, however, be studied during
the winter, and to this tho student
applies himself In tho laboratory. Ho
carries on experiments with soils to
ascertain the amount of water they
will hold when loose and when com
pacted; the loss of moisture by soils
when mulched and when unmulched,
and when in different degrees of tilth;
the movement of the air through soils;
the ability of the soils to take up fer
tilizers, and other properties of soils
with which every farmer Bhould bo
familiar. In tho field crop laboratory
he takes up a careful atudy of the
characteristics of cereals that indicate
their value for seed. A score card Is
used In the Judging of corn for, this
purpose, and each of the points o the
corn, such as the size and shape of the
ear, the depth and Indentation of! the
kernel; the purity of the variety' and
In fact all of tho points that go to
make up a good ear of corn are crit
ically Judgod and each exhibit of corn
scored. With the small grains a some
what similar process is gone through
with, and In addition to Judging; the
value of the grain for seed Its market
learns to tell by brief examination
grado is also studied, and the student
about what grade his grain will. hold
on the, market.
The feodlng and breeding of stock 1b
studied in the clasB room, which In
struction Is supplemented with prac
tice in the judging of stock carribd on
In ft manner similar to the work with
cereals.
In the dairy the student does all the
work connected, jylth butter and cheese
making. Ho has practice in the hand
ling of milk from tho .time it leaves
the cow until it is turned out in the
form of golden prints of butter or of
fine tasting cheeso. The cream is sep
arated from the milk by hand separa
tors, operated by the students, as are
the other operations of ripening,
churning, working, salting and print
ing butter.
In horticulture the students are. given
instruction in the class room regard
ing the principles .of, tho subject, and
then by practico thoy learn to plant
trees, to prune, graft and Uud plants
and to perform tho other operations
connected with orcharding and vegeta
ble gardening which aro not generally
learned on the farm.
In veterinary science clinics aro held
on stock sent in for tho purpose, and
tho students not only soo tho opera
tions performed, but actually assist In
them thomsolves. It is not intended
to make veterinarians of tho students
taking this course, but to familiarize
them with the minor surgical opera
tions for which thero Is imperative
call on overy farm, and still more Im
portant to teach them the laws of
hygiene that must bo followed In order
that live stock shall be kept free from
disease.
The Advantage the School Pnnner Ilni
Over tho Others.
To the unschooled farming Is Httlo
else than a trade like carpontery, shoo
maklng, or any ,oth"er. Tho boy is the
apprentice of hiB father. He Is shown
how to hold the plow, prepare tho
ground, and plant the seeds. It Is al
ways "how," not "why." Such farm
ing can be learned entirely by Imita
tion. Such a farmer Is a machine. So
long as tho conditions are always the
same tho wheels run smoothly, when
conditions change demoralization fol
lows. Some boyB, more fortunate, are
told reasons. These have a Btart in
schooling.
Tho importance of knowing how to
use the hand cannot bo overestimated.
It is a part of the business of farm
ing, and cannot bo learned in the
class room. But farming is more than
a trade. It is also a profession, in
volving deep Beated scio'ntlflc princi
ples. The physician makes himself
thoroughly familiar with the anatomy
and physiology of the human body and
the scientific action of numerous drugs
before ho attempts to diagnose and
prescribe for a case. The farmer also
deals with complex matters, and must
do likewise. The soil is made up of
chemical compounds more of less con
cerned In plant growth. Knowledge
of its chemistry enables him to prac
tice methods of tillage that will make
these compounds BolubJe as they are
needed by the plant, and only as they
are needed, else loss by heavy rains
would follow. Proper physical tejtfW
is Just as important' To be able to
conserve moisture, the principles of
capllarity'must bo understood. It h
now known taat living bacteria in the
(Continued on page 4.)
Interested In having your station
ery Just right? Wo want you to
foel that our stationery Ib what
you want. We ask you to drop
IN
and examine our stock of papo-
trles. Tho window Is full of up-
IU-UBIU BiyiUB Ul OU. I Oil OUgUl
to havo
A BOX
Let us help you out
Harry Porter
THstrlbutor of Porter's Uni. of
Nebf, Stationery
1M St.. 17 5. Pt,nn. JKI
A GOOD PLACE TO EAT
E. J. FRANCIS. Successor to
FRANCIS BROS.
Meals all hours day or night,
15c and upwards. Caterer
for lunches and banquets.
Phone F J050 J2I N. llth SI
! ! ! ! ; t ! ! ; ; ; !
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Come Our Way...
We do more of the better
class of Printing, such as
is admired by the student,
than any other printing
establishment in Lincoln.
t
t the Hew Century
Ring up 30 2IZ St. 11th
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JHHR
NEW, If iEWRY
(Having ikey kft.cyttY character)
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is the Typewriter of. the
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Perfected after 23 years study hy tbe makers of
THE,
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CAFinRAPH
It is direct in actioe. faultless in construction.' anffxwhollv
satisfactory in operation. All UnHed States weather Tepoctx are
made on it.
AMERICAN WRITING 'MACrilNE CO. i
I 415 So. 15th St.. OMAHA. NFRR. .
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