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The Daily Nebraskan
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VOL. 1, NO. 85.
LINCOLN, NEB., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1902.
THREE CENTS
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THE FRENCH IN AFRICA
Professor Fling Discussos tho Col
onies of France in Algeria
Comes Near Being a
French Empire.
Dr. Fling of the European History
department addressed tho Btudent
convocation yesterday on "Algeria."
Iloemohasized the results of tho
colonial experiments of tho French
in Algeria and western Africa and
tho movement toward a second great
French Empire.
Dr. Fling spoke in substance as fol
lows: Algeria is tho latest French experi
ment at colonization. France, in
tho eighteenth century, attempted to
establish a colony In America. The
soil, whoro wo live came'near being a
pari or tho French Empire. Again
at tho outset of tho twentieth cen
turv, France iu building up a second
great empire in Africa.
Algeria, in northern Africa' lies
along tho Moditcrranaen Sea. and Ins
an area equal to that of France,
.(wltzcrlana. Belgium and Holland.
Franco lias been working on the con
quest for half a century, and holds an
area larger than Franco itself.
which, according to the census of
1892 1s peopled hy about 1 1.000,000
souls.
Tho Berbers or native Mohammed
ans, constitute about seven-eighths
of tho population. The remainder Is
made up of ."lOO.OOO Kronen, 200,000
other Europeans, and -1,000 Jews. Tho
people are divided Into three classes
owing to the nature of tiic country.
Tho agricultural class live alone the
fertile coast of tho sea. The moun
tainous region supports a more hardy
type of people, and lastly, roving
tribes inhabit the region ahum tho
Sahara desert.
Tho French are organizing the
country with the intention of mak
ing it a part of Franco. Tho govern
ment is dividui amonir three com
munes; the civil, the scmi-chll, and
tho military.
Tho Berbers take a very small part
in tho government, although they
have excellent opportunities to be
come citizens.
v Tho government lias organized tiio
A,ato so as to give the greatest
bonetits to its citizens. The taxes
aro light, and considerable effort is
mado to educate tho inhabitants.
Slnco 1800 the Berbers could become
citizens of France, jet only 700 nave
done so. It means social suicide to
tho Mohammedans to accept citizen
ship In a Christian state. They also
tire littlo Interest in tho schools.
Tio racial differences make It almost
Imposslblo for tho two races to meet
on an equality. "
Tho French have introduced sever
al Institutions such as saving banksi
' and pawn shops. Tho natives have
Df-flo uso for tho savings banks, but
tfatronlzo tho pawnshops extensively.
Tho government has encouraged col
onizations among Europeans, by
furnishing transportation. land and
provisions for a term of years. But
the tendency has beon for tho immi
grants to drift back to tho city and
abandon tho farms. Tho French pop
ulation has beon Increasing faster
than tho Mohammedan. This is duo
to tho high birth rate and low deatli
rate and immigration.
It costs Franco about $4,000,000 an
nually to hold. tills territory over and
abovo tho recolpts or the revenue department.
An immense amount of capital has
been invested in railroads and im
provements. Franco holds a largo
portion of western Africa aim Is
harnessing the torrltory with rail
roads and telegraph systems. Sho h
attempting, slowly but surely, t as
similate tho people by forcing her
language and customs upon tnem.
Rome ruled this territory (iOO years.
and then lost control, without hav
ing Romanized it. Will the Fronch
experiment prove successful in found
ing a great French colony in northern
and western Africa? The answer,
said Professor Fling, must be given
250 years hence.
FIRSTDEBATETONIGHT
One Division of the Preliminaries to
Discuss Municipality Question
-Many Strong Debaters
to Speak.
SCHOOL OF MUSIC RECITAL.
A musical recital by the students of
Mrs. Will Owen Jones and Mr. John
Randolph will le given tonight In
Memorial hull.
The program consisting of tho
compositions of Edward MacDowell
is as follows:
Piano solo Keltic sonate op. 50,
Measotos, Miss Rose Yout.
Piano solo Wood and Sketchef op.
fl; In Autumn, To a Wild Rose;
Shadow Dance, op. .'(0; Miss Josephine
Pov nter.
Piano solo Concret Ecude op. 'M),
Miss Louise llargreavcs.
Soprano solo The Pansy, The Clo
ver, from op. 20, The Yellow Daisy.
The Bluo Bell, Miss Marion Jonnston.
Mezzo soprano solo --"Confidence."
"MicJsuinmcr Lullaby," fror.i op. 47,
"Tho Robin nirgs in tho Apple
Tree," Miss Nellie Griggs.
Contralto solo "Folk Song," from
op. 4 7. "The Beaming Eyes," op. 40,
Miss Florence Fiske.
Piano solo A summer idyol p. 2H.
tfong from Sea Pieces, p. 5, Miss Cora
llerrick.
Piano solo- March Wind, op. 40,
Miss Sydney Murphy.
Piano solo Two Poems After
Heine, op. .'11, Miss Kathenne Blxby.
Tenor solo-" Sweothoart, Tell Mo,"
from op. 40, "Sunrise," from op. 85,
Mr. George Johnston.
Soprano solo "Menle," "In the
Woods." op. 47, Miss Bessie Burruss.
Contralto solo "Long Ago,"
'Tlio Swah and tho LIU-" from
op. 50 "As tho Gloaming Shadows
Creep," "A Maid Sings Light,"
Miss Lotta Talcott.
Piano solo Concerto A minor op.
15, Andanto Tranquillo, Maestoso-AI
legro oon fuuco, Miss Martha flasso.
(Orchestral parts on second piano
played by Mrs. Will Owen Jones.)
Fourloon of tho twonty-slx students
who covet tho distinction of repre
senting tho University of Nebraska
in tho interstate debates with Colora
do, Kansas and Missouri, will attack
ono another In tho arena ot debate
this evening in the old chapel under
tho auspices of tho Debating Asso
ciation. Tho conflict of Intolkct
will begin promptly at 8 o'clock not
at 8:10 or 8:15. By 8 o'clock the
audienco Is requested to bo in Its
teats.. During a speech no ono w!ll
bo admitted to tho room. Ushers
will onforco this rule strictly. Each
speakci will bo allowed eight
minutes. The sides arc, as to num
ber, evenly balanced, seven contest
ants preferring to arguo for tho
affirmative and seven for tho nega
tive. Tho order of speaking will be
as follows:
Anirmatlve. 1. W. F. Meier, .
Thomas Maxwell, 5. Mr. Baldwin,
7. Mr. Wllletts. J. F. J. Kelly. 11.
P. 11. Smith, 1.5. C. A. Kutcher.
Negative. 2. John Toblo, 4. John
Milek, 0. B. H. Lewis, 8. C. P. Craft,
10. C. C. North, 12. William Yooer,
14. N. M. Cronin.
Tins list of contestants includes
some of tho very strongest students
and ablest speakers in the university.
It includes some who have already
done Interstate debating; others who
have made reputations In the state
Inter - scholastic debates: and
others wiio have distinguished them
selves tills yoar In the two courses
in argumentation and debate.
Tno questio-i for discussion this
evening will Oo that which Nebraska
will debate with Ciloradu Collego
and witli the University of Missouri,--Resolved,
That American
Municipalities of over 100,000 popula
tion should cwn and operato their
surface transportation facilities.
This is ono of the most interesting
proolems of municipal government,
and upon it most of the fourteen
men who will arguo tonight have
been working since Christinas.
Tho members of tho faculty ap
pointed to choose tho fifteen best de
baters out of tho competitors this
evening and Friday evening, aro
Professor G. W. Langworthy Taylor, of
tho chair of Political Economy; Pro
fessor Ell wood A. Ross, of tho chair
of Sociology; Professor Howard W.
Caldwell, heao of tho department of
American History and Professor Fred
M. Fling, head of the European His
tory department
orallzatlons. Tho physicist's basis,
ho said, Is a materialistic ono and
ho deals mostly with appcaraccs,
with things as they are. However
ho does not do so entirely as Is truo
in tho experiments with the osollat
Ing lights which seem to be ono con
tinuous light. Ills object is to ex
plain tho world of facts by correlat
ing them and then lindlng a theory
to fit thorn or moroly somo hypo
thesis. Tho physical factB afford
the basis for tho philosophical dis
cussion. As yet explanations of tjio
fact havo beon largely mero hypo
thesis and havo vailed from time to
time. Instances ol theso aro nebular
theory, tho wavo theory of light, of
tho origin ot tho suns heat, etc.
Orten when It Is found Imposslblo
to form theso hypotheses, generaliza
tions may bo reached by finding
certain facts to bo true to a certain
extent wittiout contradiction.
Tuns far, howover, many of the
former theories havo been abandoned
to new doveloponionls. Very few
things In phviscs nave been definitely
settled. Even tho eld law of tho
conservation of energy has not been
conclusively proven. Tho physicist
ha therefore resorted to various
means 10 prove many of the doubted
facts. Tho most popular means has
been of ether. Thus tho theory or
action at a distance Is sought to bo
explained uy the Idea of a perfect
llulcl. that Is, ono In which there
would do no friction whatsoever.
The old vortex thoory was good as
far as It went but it failed to explain
electricity. Especially has this been
true since the discovery of tho so
caled X-Rays. This has necessitated
a new idea as to the nature of mat
ter. In fact, said Dr. Brace, a recon
struction or our Ideas In general on
tneso matters is necessary. We aro
now in a reconstruction period.
After the address by Dr. Brace,
theie was a general discussion.
IMPORTANT NOTICE TO
SENIORS.
The committee of the senior class
appointed to collect tho subscriptions
for tho Alumni organ earnestly ro
quest that all subscriptions bo paid
at onco. Tho reason for making tho
appeal to tho senior class nt this
tlmo is that tho organ Is to be turn
ed over to tho university on Charter
Day. As tho money must bo sent to
Now York and a receipt obtained be
fore that date it Is necessary to send a
druft fur amount remaining unpaid
by Friday of this week.
Kindly loavo tho money with any
member of the committee or at the
chancellor's ofllco.
PHILOSOPHICAL CLUB MEETS.
Dr. Braco gave a short but very
Interesting discussion before tho
philosophical club last night on, as
was announced, tho philosophical
bearing of spme recent' physical gen-
CONVOCATION ANNOUNCE-
MENTb.
This morning state Superintendent
Fowler will speak on Public School
work.
Tomorrow Dean Davis will talk op
California as I know it.
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