&
The Conservative *
a private estate , therefore no degrees nro
conferred upon the graduates of Dr.
Sohenck's school there. At Cornell the
degree of Bachelor hi Science of For
estry is given. Special students , at
least twenty-one years of nge , who are
not candidates for degrees , are also ac
cepted at Cornell. Post-graduate courses
for master's or doctor's degree are un
der consideration. At Yale the degree
of Master of Forestry will be given to
graduates of the Forestry School who
nave previously received bachelors' de
grees from collegiate institutionsjof high
standing , or who have had a training
equivalent to that of such institutions.
Special students are also receivedthough
such are recommended to take courses
at the summer school rather than at the
winter semesters. All applicants for
admission to the Yale School must bo
not less than twenty years of age.
Berea is essentially a Kentucky moun
taineer's school , and t& it is not likely
to draw students from this section it
will be needless to devote space to its
conditions. At the New Hampshire
college an "advanced course" is offered
to the regular students , and there is a
one 5 ear special course open to all
comers.
Candidates for degrees at Cornell and
Yale are required to pass entrance ex
aminations. Cornell's full course lead
ing to the degree of B. S. F. is one of
four years. Special courses of a single
term , u single year , or three years are
also provided , and short summer courses
are carried on in the college forest for
the training of rangers , logging bosses
and under foresters. Yale's full course
is of but two years' duration. The en
trance examinations at Cornell and Yale
differ considerably in subjects. Cornell
requires English , history ( Greek , Ro
man , English and American ) , plain and
solid geometry , plain and spherical trig
onometry , algebra , advanced German ,
advanced French , or Latin may be sub
stituted for French. Yale calls for al
gebra , plain , solid and spherical geome
try , trigonometry , botany , geology ,
chemistry , physics , German or French ,
English and political economy.
While the courses offered by Cornell
and Yale are necessarily much alike ,
they yet differ in several ways. Cor
nell's full course being two years longer
than that of Yale , makes it possible to
introduce a greater variety of subjects.
The courses of both schools are very
fully set forth in the circulars which
may be had on application to the direct
ors. A mere casual perusal of those cir
culars will suffice to indicate the all-
round qualifications demanded of a for
est engineer. It'is not enough to know
how to plant and transplant trees and to
cut them down. He must know scien
tifically all about the life-history of tree
growth and of soil and soil formation.
He must be a surveyor and map-
draughtsman , a road builder , a hydro-
grapher , a lawyer , an entomologist , a
chemist and timber physicist , a mathe
matician of uo mean order , and he will
be the bettor equipped if ho knows some
thing of mechanics , of pisciculture and
of venery.
Before a young man decides to take
up the profession of forestry he'will want
to consider carefully what demands
the life will make upon him and de
termine what the chances are of his be
ing able to meet them. In the first
place he must be of robust or wiry phy
sique. Without this he can hardly hope
to successfully complete his studies in
preparation for his professional career.
It will also be an important part of his
stock in trade , for he will be called upon
to make long and arduous journeys on
horse and on foot , through the roughest
of country , and to live in many cases a
life of severe simplicity and perhaps of
comparative hardship. Such a calling
naturally appeals to the dramatic and
adventure-loving temperaments of
healthy young men , and the opportuni
ties offered for becoming the pioneers
in an honorable profession , for making
a reputation , a fortune perhaps , and of
helping to save to one's country , one of
her most valuable possessions , appeal to
the ambitious.
It is not all a glorious life in the mer
ry green wood , however. There is
plenty of prose in this case as in every
other calling. Let the young , would-be
forester not forget that there will be
weary hours of office grind such as rec
ord keeping , tabulating , figuring , map-
making. There will be weeks and
months when he will be obliged to live
away from his fellows , away from every
luxury , even far from a post office and
all that that means to an exiled man ,
and with no human society but a rough
loggers' crew. If , after a full and com
plete realization of all thisa young man
feels drawn to the work , he will doubt
less prove a credit to the profession.
Allen Chamberlain in Boston Evening
Transcript.
OUR FARM BOY'S OPPORTUNITIES.
Many writers of recent date , and many
at the present time , are writing very
encouraging letters giving their own ex
perience as well as that of others , who
have begun to push for themselves in
the world from rather adverse condi
tions , and climbed the ladder 01 success
rung by rung , and are now in a position
to enjoy lucrative avocations , while they
are still looking ahead for another oppor
tunity to advance further. All of these
writers without exception , ( and there
are many of them ) hold the opinion , and
express themselves freely , that the op
portunities for promotion for an ener
getic , hustling , trustworthy young man
are of daily occurrence.
This becomes more and more apparent
in conformity to conditions necessitated
by the introduction of applied science
into industrial avenues , quickened by
the consolidation of capital to place upon
the markets of the world products in the
best possible condition at the lowest rate
possible.
In all the different trades and pro
fessions , including commercial and spec
ulative pursuits , we find men making a
success of their special calling , who as
boys and young men were struggling
along as common workingmeu and me
chanics with small income , but rich in
integrity , industry and energy , while at
the same time fortifying themselves
with the necessary education indispensa
ble to that line of life of which they
have resolved to make a specialty. For
such well equipped young men , the de
mand is more than the supply. On ac
count of the ever increasing competitive
system of doing business , the opportun
ities are before every young man who
by hard work and a firm determination
has mastered all details of his adopted
line of business. This we would rather
call digging or hunting up the opportun
ities ; although begun at the lowest
steps of the ladder , the possibilities as
seen by his workmanship act as an ad
vertisement to the higher branches of
his calling ; whereas if he regards his
labor as drudgery and is always striking
for an advance of pay and shorter hours ,
he soon finds himself fretting at his bad
luck , when observing other young men
who he thinks are only of the ordinary
kind , enjoying the opportunity.
There are hundreds of boys and young
men upon our western farms , who no
doubt are asking themselves what their
chances are for the future. 'Tis well
when a boy reasons thus. To begin with
he should have his mind fully made up
as to what occupation he would.most in
cline to follow ; then with a firmness of
purpose , and an honest diligence he
must acquaint himself with all details
that may come within his sphere in that
particular branch of fanning to which
he is aspiring , whether in the line of
stock , dairying or orcharding as a spec
ialty or combined with general farming.
Not only should he know what his duty
is , but he must be prepared at all times ,
even in times of emergency , to apply
his most energetic efforts to bring about
normal conditions.
A case to the point. Take two young
men of equal age , having the same ad
vantages of school and farm training.
In the spring both hire to an extensive
farmer , Mr. A. John is sent out with a
team to plow. Tom had some other
duties to attend to around the buildings.
In an hour or so John returns with the
horses , making inquiries about Mr. A.
John having broken his doubletree could
do no more , and will have to wait until
noon when Mr. A. returns to order
another. Tom , at once observing the
trouble , hunted around , got a stick and
some tools and shaped a doubletree that
served the purpose for the time , and