f:r,:m: talk
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Tankage Vs. Buttermilk For Hogs.
A Minnesota correspondent writes:
"Which is cheaper, GO per cent pro
tein tankage at $50 per ton or butter
milk at twenty-live cents per fifty gal
lon barrel? Will have to haul the but
termilk about two miles."
llutermilk at twenty-five cents per
fifty-gallon barrel or about six cents
per hundred, makes, at the prseent
market prices, one of the cheapest
and best feeds to give hogs in connec
tion with corn. Even when as high
as twenty or twenty-five cents ier
hundred, buttermilk, provided that it
is of good quality and not watered too
heavily at the creamery is one of the
most economical sources of protein.
According to the chemists' analysis,
buttermilk contains in every 100
p.tunds It. 8 ouiids of muscle building
materat and 0.4 pounds of heat and
fat former., while tankage contans 50. 1
pounds of muscle buildng materal and
27 pounds of the heat and fat formers.
We would figure from this, that if
tankage was worth $50.00 per ton
buttermlk should be worth twenty cents
a hundred. Actual experiments in
dicate, however, that buttermilk is
worth even more than this in compar
ison with the tankage For pig feed
ing purKse buttermilk has been found
to have almost identically the same
value as skim milk and in an Indiana
experiment with pigs from 100 to 200
pounds in weight fed in a dry lot it was
found that with tankage at $50.00 a
ton skim milk had a value of about
2S.6 cents a hundred. This is when
the tankage is fed in the proportion of
one part tankage to fifteen parts corn
and the skim milk in the protortion
of one and one-half parts to one part
of corn.
We are not acquainted with our cor
resiKmdent's local conditions and do
not know just how inconvenient it is
for him to make the two mile haul,
but judging from the knowledge which
the chemists' analysis, feeding ex
periments and experience give us we
would think that he could pay at least
seventy-five cents for a fifty-gallon
barrel before buying tankage at $50.00
per ton.
In the foregoing we have considered
only the nutritive value of the two
food. There is another phase of the
question which must be reckoned with, J
namely, the danger of introducing tu
berculosis through the buttermilk. In
sections where tuberculosis is prevalent
among cows we would not like to use
buttermilk from the creamery except
for hogs that are to be marketed within
a mouth or two. Wallaces' Farmer.
Thirty Years Ago -And Now.
The Homestead believes it has no
reeader so busy but be can afford to
take a few minutes' time to consider
how the poitical conditiion of the
farmer has changed within the last
three decades.- Thirty years ago k.
litical iower was centered in the county
beat. Opinions and votes were manu
factured and manipulated there with
equal facility. The farmer was not
to blame because, as convention time
rolled around, he reserved expressions
as to his candidates until he could get
to the county seat and to see just
what the editor or the postmaster
thought and wanted. The farmer
lived an isolated life. Koads were
often impassable half of the year.
Uural telephones were unknown.
Kural mail delivery was not dreamed
of. An automobile would have thrown
every horse and chicken and most of
the humans into the provrebial con
niption fit. Trolley cars had not yet
made their appearance in the city,
and even the wildest dreamer did not
think of them traversing the country.
Not one farmer iu a hundred received
a daily newspaper regularly. And so,
when cunventioa time came around, it
was only natural that the farmer's
mind was not made up as to candid
ates and issues. He was not aware
of what was transpiring at Washington
or at the state capital. He had heard
but little of who were the candiates.
He clambered out of the railway coach
or his wagon on the morning of the
county convention as he arrived at the
county seat, and lost little time in get
ting around tothe candidate factories,
which were Usually the postoffice, the
leading store or the local newspaper
offiee. There was not time to inquire
as to the truth of commendation or
condemnation. He was obliged to
take someone else's'word for men and
measures. There was hardly a county
in all the grain belt in which less
than a dozen men at the county seat
did not make and unmake public offi
cials and determine just who and what
policies the public should vote for.
Today political power is centered in
the individual, and the farmer holds
the balance of power. He is within
speaking distance not only of the
oounty seat, but the state capital.
The trolley cars make it easier for
him to travel fifty miles than he could
have trajsjed five in the old days.
The rdMrmail carrier makes daily
trips past his home, leaving at the
.farmers gate the printed news of the
world. Ttoosaads upon thousands of
farmers in every state of the grain
belt receive their mo-ping paper fresh
from the presses before noon, papers
printed passiMy 300 miles distant. It
is a fact that hi ssaay loaclities oae
farmer ia three new aabscribes far a
daily .paper, aad reads it in its eatir-
ety tekpnyli leal happenings, mar
ket RMBaaasTl esSaarial commesjL
w
noon, and the next morning hnudrdes
of thousands of farrmers, miles from
any town, know how their own con
gressman voted and what the effect
will be, not only upon themselves but
upon the world at large. As conven
tion time rolls arouud the farmer does
not await the day of the convention
aad the visit to the county seat. He
knows the men and the proposed meas
ures. He discusses them with his neig
bors, often leaning over the dividing
line fence, and while resting his horses
for ten minutes, or when gathered to
gether at the instiute orchautauqua.or
at the casual meeting on the road to
and from town. His opinions are
weeks, whole months, possibly a year
in formulating, but once formed they
are positive convictions; they are no
longer the reflected views of some
county seat politician, accepted as a
drowning man clutches at straws.
When the farmer reaches the county
seat on convention days now the ed
itor interviews him, the lawyer asks
and heeds his advice, the postmaster
recognizes him as the man upon whom
a continution of his job depends.
The Homestead.
Sheep Raising A Nebraska Opportu
nity Of Today.
Nebraska is destined to become one
of the successful and prosperous
sheep and wool growing states of the
western corn belt country. The soil.
climate, drainage and surface water
supply are exceptionally well suited
to the health of the flock. Few sec
tions of country are so well provided
with native pasture and hay grasses
that are so admirably suited to the
needs of the grazing animal, and no
district has so many varieties of high
nutritive value for the growing and
fattening of stock. Besides these
natural advantages, the tame grass
pastures and the alfalfa and clover
meadows are to be found everywhere,
enjoying the most luxuriant and suc
cessful growth possible for feed and
grazing purposes. It is only a mat
ter of a few more years when there
will be thouasnnds of sheep in this state
where there are now only hundreds.
The farmer, who starts in now with the
little purebred flock, and carefully
guards its interests in care and breed
ing, win nave reason to rejoice mat
he entered the lists in the years of
the beginning.
Nebraska farmers and feeders have
generally been content to enjoy the
profits from the feed yard, where
hundreds of thousands of the western
range sheep are yearly brought to be
come the medium of profitable mark
eting large crops of alfalfa and corn.
Nebraska was the first state to take
i i
up the sheep feeding industry on a
large scale. As early as 1897 the
feeding yards of Nebraska in a single
season turned out over one million fat
sheep for the mutton markets of the
country. Its support to this feature
of the feeding industry has been vari
ously represented in the years follow
ing, depending upon the corn and hay
crops and the advantages that the
range sheep supply offered in filling up
the feed yards.
It has been true of all prairie and
treeless districts of the country, in
their early history, that the matter of
fencing seemed to be the greatest im
pediment to progress. This was true
likewise in Nebraska's beginning
years, and the matter of a hog-tight,
or sheep-tight, fence was not even
thought possible. It is only in recent
years that the hog has been taken out
of its muddy yard and been given a
pasture to roam over. The hog is al
most as much of a pioneer as the
homesteader who first ventured onto
the open prairie, and, of course, was
entitled to the best first. The sheep
has been waiting for its fenced pas
ture and on many farms will wait for
years to come. However, the woven
wire fenced pasture is solving many
needs on the farm, and as a result the
fann flock is coming quite rapidly,
where once introduced.
' In considering the introduction of
the sheep onto the Nebraska farm
there are not many serious questions
to be considered. Where there is
much wet and low bottom land to be
used us pasture it is not advisable to
introduce the farm flock. Dry lands,
upland, table, hill or valley are util
ized by the sheep to excellent advatage.
The small farm flock can be used as a
sort of a scavenger band, to be turned
any place, after the farm is tight
fenced. They serve a good purpose as
gleaners in the stubble fields; they
clean up the weeds and volunteer
growth of vegetation of one kind or
another about the place; along the
fences, in the feed lots, orchard, in
fact they are always ready to come
from their regular pasture to do any
little odd jobs of cropping, trimming
and pruning up the undesirable growths
about the farm.
The pleasing feature of the whole
proposition of the fann flock is that it
pays a good profit above the many ad
vantages that it is incidental in cover
ing. The sheep yields two crops per
year, a crop of wool and a crop of
lambs. A little bunch of eight good
young ewes on the farm will cost in
pasture, feed, hay, etc., about equal
to one cow. This pretty closely rep
resents their consuming capacity.
The old sheep men of the eastern states
put the estimate a little higher than
Tribune
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m
this. Ten sheep equal to one cow,
was the usual figuring. However, the
basis of this estimate was always fig
ured on the little Merino, or fine
wooled sheep a somewhat smaller eon
sumer than the present day western
sheep, or of any mutton breeds or
their crosses.
The range sheep of the western
country, the sheep of which we usual
ly refer in speking of sheep, unless
special designation is made, is mainly
made up of the French Merino, or Ram
bouillet Merino, a large, hardy fine
wooletfsheep, often crossed by intro
ducing some mutton breeds, by coarse
wooled rams. These Merino sheep
have proven very hardy, and stand
crowding into large flocks, both for
grazing and for feed yard purposes.
These sheep are bred for both wool and
mutton. They will reduce, when giv
en good farm care, 8 to 10 pounds of
wool per head, of good quality, and
should sell on an average of past wool
conditions, at 20 cents per pound,
which means approximately $2 per
head for the fleece. A fair estimate
is 100 per cent of lambs per year,
with farm care; these lambs are capa
ble of almost any estimate when raised
for the early mutton Iamb market. If
raised only for flock increase they can
safely be estimated at $3 to $4 per
head to be sold at five months old at
weaning time in the autumn season,
September or October.
The sheep while a dependent animal,
is easily handled so as to require little
attention. Every thing in the way
of farm stock is an enemy to the
sheep. The cattle will gore them
and trample on them; the colts and
horses will kick, run over them and
otherwise inflict injury; the hogs will
readily become destroyers of the lambs
and develope a taste for mutton that
necessitates separate enclosures. The
dog and the wolf are the natural ene
mies of the flock and demand close
watching at all times in order that
damage from these sources are not ex
perienced. An observance of all these
liabilities is necessary by the sheep
owner in order to get the best results.
Outside of these precautions, which
we regard as necessities, there is no
class or kind of farm animal so easily
handled, so easily provided for in feed
and attention. The sheep, for guid
ance and direction about the farm, re
lies almots entirely upon its shepherd.
No animal is so gentle or so conffiding
in the attendant.
In breed there is practically no
best kind of sheep. There are many
breeds representing the standard
sorts that are bred by the leading
sheep men of the country. The fancy
is humored by a little different type
of animal, but all produce wool and
mutton. What are the standard
breeds? Practically all the breeds
that are to be seen at our fairs. This
is a good place to go to make a choice
of the breed of sheep you are to take
up in the establishing of the farm flock.
At most of our fairs epecially state
fairs, Shropshires.Harashires, Oxfords,
South Downs, Cottswoids, Lincolns,
Leiscesters, Dorsets, and three types
of Merinos, Rambouillets, Delaines
and Americans will be represented.
Printing Company
There is belsived to be little differ
ence in these variua breeds in their
qualities of mutton. This might pos
sibly be readily established, yet there
would be quite a difference of opinion,
if it were attempted to place one a
head of the other. la the wool qual
ity there would be less dispositioa to
contend that one is as good as the
other. It is largely a matter of fancy
which breed is preferable, and wholly
so when it comes to deciding which
one you want to risk your efforts with.
Study the history and description of
the various breeds. Go to the fairs,
see the sheep, compare them as to
wool and mutton and make up your
mind.
When you have embarked in the
sheep business, then set your stakes
to improve on yomr original purchase.
This you can do by the purchase of a
better ram every year, or at least
every two years. Kemember the gen
eral rule in stock raising, that "care
and feed is half the breed." Keep
the farm flock in thrifty condition
and there will be improvement each
year. G. W. Hervey in Nebraska
Farm Journal.
The Farmers' Free List BUI.
Our readers have beard a good deal
of late about the farmers free list,
or the list of articles which can be
brought into the United States free.
They may be interested in the text
of the bill as amended, which has been
passed by the senate and referred to
the honse. If the house does not
agree to the amendments, it is sent to
a conference committee of members
of both house and senate. If this
committee agrees on the bill as it is,
or with such amendments as they may
suggest, it is then referred to both
houses; and if the report of the con
ference committee is adopted, it will
then be sent to the president for his
signature. Whether the president
signs it cr not, our readers may be in
terested in the bill, which is as follows:
"Be it enacted by the senate and
house of representatives of the United
State of America in congress assem
bled, that on and after the day follow
ing the passage of this act the follow
ing articles shall be exempt from duty
when imported into the United States :,
Plows, tooth and disk harrows, head
ers, harvesters and binders, reapers,
agricultural drills and planters, mow
ers, horse rakes, cultivators, thresh
ing machines and cotton gins, farm
wagons and farm carts, and all other
agricultural implements of any kind
and descritpion, whether specifically
mentioned herein or not, whether in
whole or in parts including repair parts.
Bagging for cotton, gunny cloth and
all similar fabrics, materials or cov
erings suitable for covering and bail
ing cotton composed in whole or in
part of jute, jute butts, hemp, flax,
seg, Russian seg, New Zealand tow,
Norwegian tow, aloe, mill waste,
cotton tares or any materials or fab
rics suitable for covering cotton; and
bags or sacks composed wholly or in
bait of jute or burlaps or other mater
ial suitable for bagging or sacking
agricultural products,
Hoop or band iron or hoop or band
I The Conservative Banker I
: :
in making loans mast know to a certainty that his ap-
pUcants or sureties are responsible and worthy of credit.
Likewise, the prudent depositor shonld know the
character and standing of the bank with which be deals.
The business reputation of our directors and the ex
perience and ability of our officers, with a record of years
of successful business is sufficient guarantee that the in
terests of every depositor will be carefully protected.
I The First National Bank
: Columbus, Nebraska
: :
2 The Oldest and Largest National Bank iu Platte County !
steel, cut to length, punched or not
punched, or wholly or partly manufac
tured into hoops or ties, coated or not
coated with paint or any other prepar
ation, with or without buckles or fast
enings for bailing cotton or any other
commoddity; and wire for bailing hay,
straw and other agricultural products.
Grain, buff, split, rough and sole
leather; band, bend or belting leath
er; boots and shoes; harness, saddles
and saddlery, in sets or in parts, fin
ished or unfinished, composed wholly
or in chief value of leather; and
leather cut into shoe uppers or vamps
or other forms suitable for conversion
into manufactured articles.
Barbed wire, fence wire, wire rods,
wire strands or wire rope, wire woven
or manufactured for wire fencing, and
other kinds of wire suitable for fenc
ing, including wire staples.
Beef, veal, mutton, lamb, pork and
meats of all kinds; fresh, salted,
pickled, dried, smoked, dressed or un
dressed, prepared or preserved in any
manner; bacon, hams, shoulders, lard,
lard compounds, lard substitutes,
sausage and sausage meats coming
from any foreign country with which
the United States has a reciprocal
trade agreement and which shall ad
mit from the United States free of
duty, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, horses.
cattle and hogs.
Buckwheat flour, corn meal, wheat
flour and semolina, rye flour, bran
middlings and other offals of grain, oat
meal and rolled oats, and all prepared
cereal foods; and biscuits, bread, wa
fers and similar articles not sweeten
ed, coming from any foreign country
with which the United States has a
reciprocal trade agreement and which
shall admit from the United States
free of duty cotton, com, wheat, oats,
horses, cattle and hogs.
Timber, hewn, sided or squared,
round timber used for spars or in build
ing wharves, shingles, laths, fencing
posts, sawed boards, planks, deals,
and other lumber rough or dressed, ex
cept boards, planks, deals and other
Inmber of Iignam vitae, lancewood.
There is no advertisement so good
as well designed and well printed Sta
tionery. Some letters are filed and
kept for months others years. Each
time they are referred to they give the
reader either a good or a bad impression
of the writer.
We are specialists "Producers of
the Better Than Ordinary". Our exper
ience in designing, our exceptional
mechanical facilities, our high grade
workmen are all at your disposal. Call
up 123, either phone, and the Tribune
man will call.
ebony, box, grandilla, mahogany,
rosewood, satinwood and all other cab
inet woods.
Sewing machines and all parts
thereof.
Salt, whether in bulk or in bags,
sacks, barrels or other packages.
Roman, portlandand other hydraulic
cement or lime."
The amendments adopted by the sen
ate are in eliminating meats and mill
ing products to any country which shall
have entered into a reciprocal trade
agreement with the United States ad
mitting the articles mentioned free.
It now therefore practically limits the
provisions about meats and milling
products to Canada, the only country,
the only country with which we have
reciprocal agreements. In other words
all the other articles mentioned in this
bill will be free from any country,
but meats and milling products will be
free only from Canada and from such
other countries as the United States
may in the future enter into reciprocal
treaties or trade agreements with.
Wallaces Fanner has been opposed
to this bill as passed by the house,
for the reason that it would admit
meats and grains from the Argentine.
The amendment by the senate removes
this objection. What the effect of
it will be can only be determined only
after a year or two of trial. Wall
aces' Farmer.
Loss of Time Means Loss of Pay.
Kidney trouble and the ills it breeds
means lost time aud lost pay to many
a working man. M. Balent. 1314
Little Penna. St., Streator. Illinois,
was so bad from kidney and bladder
trouble that he could not work, but
he says "I took Foley Kidney Pills
for only a short time and got entirely
well and was soon able to go back to
work, and am feeling well and health
ier than before." Foley Kidney Pills
are tonic in action, quick in results
a good friend to the man or woman
who suffers from kidney ills. Fer
sale by all druggists.
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