rfsS Columbus Journal. ColumbuM, Nobr ConMtlidatcxl with hpoIntubns Times April 1. 1WI; with (ho Platto County Arena January 1. 1WM. n'rft t th l'ofctfift Vln:tihn N;hr.. ao rri-r'Ua mail nnw 9 m orscBROEirrinjt Ojeyaar.br mall. poataf prepaid SXM) Hlxraoatha .71 Tiraemoat&s M WEDNESDAY. MAY 8, 1311. 8THOTHEH & COMPANY, Proprietor. RENEWALS The date opposite yoar name on y jor paper, or wrapper shows to what time yoar Bibecription 1 paid. Tim JanOS ehowa that payment ha been rooeiTed np to Jan. 1,1MB, PebOS to Feb. 1, IMS and eo on. When payment in made, the date, which anewcia aa s receipt, will be changed accordingly. OldCONTINUAMES-Ueaponeible rabacrib ers will continue to reri vo thia joornal until the publishers are notified by letter to discontinue, when all arrearages rcust be paid. If yon do not wish the Joornal continued for another year af- t tr the time paid for haa expired, yon ahoeld p -evioeely notify na to diaoontinne it. CHANGE IN ADDKEBS-When ordering a c lange in the addr-.. sabefriberB ahonld be acre to Its their old as wll m their new address. BLIND WILL SEE OLD GLORY. Hundreds of New York nieu, women and children, says the New York Evening Mail, are to see the American (lag for the first time, when President Taft formally opens the big blind workers' exhibition in the Metropoli tan opera house. These people are not lacking in good citizenship. From infancy they have been blind, and while ever' one of them can describe the stars and stripes in words, they have never be fore been able to "sec" it. A usually expressed wish from :i blind man that he wished he could sec the ilag, made the exhibition committee think. Fi nally from Perkins Institute, S nth Boston, the school where Helen Keller studied, they learned that this school had succeeded in making u palpable Hag which their own pupils had been able to "see." In response to a request that they allow the blind of New York the opportunity to "see the ilag, the director answered that Perkins would send its complete collection for the blind, and would display them in such a way that every blind visitor to the exhibition would be able to study them and so "sec" them with their fingers. Of all the blind who have heard of the coming of the Hag none has ex pressed deeper joy over the prospect of "seeing" it than the little sightless children in the public schools of New-York. INCOME TAX PROSPECTS. According to Senator Norris Brown, who has kept in touch with legisla tures on the income tax question, the amendment is on the verge of adop tion. Thirty states have ratified. 6f the sixteen remaining, only four have definitely rejected, leaving twelve from which to obtain the five still necessary w Huopnon. oenaior irowu is so certain the five will be forthcoming that he enters income taxes into his calculations for new revenue lejris latiou. The states refusing to ratify are West Virginia, Louisiana, Rhode Is land and New Hampshire. The twelve from which five more ratifications must come are Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Utah, Vermont, Virginia anil Wyo ming. One of the four that have rejected the amendment may be expected to reverse its action within two years. This is New Hampshire, whose hold- over senate direct primaries have not yet had time U rescue from the clutch ot the rJostou .V Manic railroad. Of the twelve which have yet to act, in Minnesota the failure to ratify ere this must have been a mere oversight. New York is already half way across the line with favorable action in the senate, and the house may take favor able action this week. The New Jer sey legislature has lately been eating out of Governor Wilson's hand, and may accept the income tax before it has had its fill. That would make four of the five required. Which of the others may we hope will "come across." A study of the list suggests that Senator Brown may have blundered in thus early proposing to urge the immediate levy ing of an income tax to the end that "the argument that duties cannot be reduced or wiped out because we need the revenue will not longer be valid." Is it for any reason but to make a high sugar tariff necessary that Louisiana stands pat on the income tax? Or Utah and Wyoming but for wool, Florida for citrus fruit, Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Connecticut for cotton, Pennsylvania and West Vir ginia for coal and iron? Obviously it is by no chance or accident these states are holding back. For that reason it cannot yet be said that the income tax is out of the woods. Lin coin Journal MORE PENSIONS THREATENED. In a recent address at Philadelphia Secretary McVeagh of the treasury department attacked the civil war pen sion. He declared that the enormous civil war pension list is not a credit to us, and that it never had a scientific basis, although a worthy motive gave it origin. Secretary McVeagh declared that the civil war tension has long since lost its patriotic aspect, and has be come a political list, costing the gov ernment about Slb'0,000,000a year. And right on top of this assault up on the civil war pension, Secretary McVeagh indulged in a plea for a civil r ension list, so that aged employes of the government may be retired from the service upon pay and their places filled by younger material. He insist ed that the establishment of a civil pension list is "absolutely necessary for the sake of the government." Somehow when a high federal official gets to talking about service pensions, he forgets all about the old men and women who have to help pay the old men and women who have lived for years off the government. If the government were in the habit of asking its employes to work for a pittance, one might find some excuse this continuous howl for service pen sions for government employes. But as a rule the rest of us must bend our backs all our lives to provide means with which to pay government employes good salaries during the peri od of their undoubted usefulness. Tli'-o who work for Uncle Sam, as a ru:. , gel much more liberally paid than do tluc who have to work out iheirown salvntiwii :i employes of cor porations and individuals. Their work is eay, plenty f help is always provided, their houre are horl and their vacations u'lmerotis and long. If he who works lor a corporation or a private parly most of his life is ex pected to save enough to enable him to help pay government employes iieu sions when they get old, it is not at all unreasonable to expect such govern ment employes to be equally frugal, and the same degree of frugality must enable the government employes to save more money than he who works for some one else. The man or woman who does not re ly upon political favor must, when his or Iter period of usefulness is past, have either saved up something for a rainy day, Iiecome an object of charity or struggle along as best he or she can under the handicap. Isn't it asking a little too much to ask he or she then be required to help pay a pension to some one who has for many years en joyed lighter work and better pay. j ibis suggestion that the world owes a living to the men and women who grow old in the service of the govern ment is growing so strong at Washing ton that unless the masses speedily or ganize a protest against it, old men and women who have never enjoyed the advantage of working for Uncle Sam at easy work, during short hours and at good pay that might provide a competence for old age, are surely go ing to be called upon in the near future to help pay them pensions. There must be something wrong in the mental vision of the public official who can denounce the civil war pen sions while still contending for a servi ce pension for government employes. Old soldiers will perhaps find the ex planation in the fact that Secretary McVeagh is a democrat. But that does not explain his service pension nonsense. Nothing could be more un democratic. Democracy teachesequal rights for all and 6ecial privileges for none. If the day ever epmes when men and women in all other walks of life, those who have to pay the taxes and the salaries of government em ployes, can be retired at a certain ace upon a comfortable pension, then there will be some sense and justice in ask ing them to help pay the pensions of those who have always enjoyed good pay from Uncle Sam. But other old men and women have to look out for themselves. When they-get old they are shunted upon the junk heap and nobody is worried about paying them pensions. All over the country those who do not believe in building up a class of mendicants at public expense ought to take in hand this matter of making their protest known. If they don't do it, things are now shaping themselves 11..A I. -1 mat wnen me civil war a duly on American made milling machinery, and that ought to be handi cap enough against him if the Ameri can miller needs a handicap. Not only is the American miller to be protected by a duty on flour, but the American packer is to be similarly protected by a duty on Canadian meats and packiug house products to the ex tent of one and one-fourth cents a ouud, but the farmer is to submit to free Canadian cattle and other live stock on foot. It is difficult to sec how any farmer or any other man in the Northwestern and Middle Western States can sec any justice in such a trade. While virgin lands were abundaut and we could grow our wheat on $15 or $20 land, and while our ranges were available for the pro duction of cheap beef and mutton, duties on Canadian products were of no benefit to the American farmer: First, because there was no market in this country for Canadian products; and second, because, practically speak ing, Canada had nothing to sell. Now, when, owing to the rapid in crease in our population, the time has come when the farmer might be be nefited by a Canadian Tariff, he is suddenly to be left unprotected again st foreign competition. Our soils have, to a large extent, been depleted of their native fertility; scarcely anywhere in this country are the farms as fertile aa they have been in the past, and never has the import ance of building them up been more necessary than it is now. With beef bringing somewhere near the price it ought to bring, an era of increasing our live stock, and through it the building up of our soils the fertility of which wc were compelled to sell when grain and beef sold below their actual worth scenied about to be ap proaching. No sooner had this hope ful condition sprung into view than the farmer was told that all kinds of meat animals should come across the line from Canada without paying a duly Farmer and Breeder. ENGLAND SEES OUR FOOD COST. Loudon Copies of a report on the cost of living in American cities, based on inquiries made in twenty-eight representative towns by officials of the British board of trade, were circulated in Parliament. The report of 533 pages covers the questions of workine class housing, retail prices of commodi ties, and rates of wages in the United States, compiled for purposes of com parison with the conditions of workers in Great Britain and other countries. The conclusions reached are: "The cost of.Jbod and rent combined is 52 per cent greater in the United Slates than in England and Wales, but these heavier relative charges on working class income have been accomplished with weekly wages which arc as 230 to 100." The report adds that this ratio of money earnings is more than two and one-fourth times as great as in Eng land and Wales, and "makes possible a command of necessaries, convenien ces and minor luxuries of life that is both nominally and really greater than that enjoyed by the correspond ing class in this country, although the effective margin in practice is curtailed by a scale of expenditure, to some ex tent necessary and to some extent voluntary, adopted in accordance with the different and hicher standard of material comfort." The report notes that although the habit of spending is greater in Amer ica than in England, and although the American is naturally more extrava gant and great wastefulness often re sults, it is in fact that those who desire to exercise a strength of will and fore sight can save more easily in the United States than in England be cause of the larger income. In the matter of hours the skilled workers in the building trades in America have the advantage of about six hours weekly compared to the English, and the unskilled have an advantage of about three and three quarters hours. OUR FIRST NEWSPAPER. It was two hundred and seven years ago April 24, 1704 that the first number of America's first newspaper, the Boston News Letter, made its bow to the public Two earlier attempts had beenmade in the journalistic line one in 1689 and one in 1690 but both attempts were suppressed by the Massachusetts government. The Bos ton News Letter, however, managed to weather the storm and successfully faced the battle and the breeze for seventy-two years. This pioneer uewspacr, in what is now the United States of America, was published by John Campbell, postmaster of Boston, who may fairly be called the father of the American press. It was printed sometimes on a single sheet of paper, foolscap size, and sometimes on a half sheet, with two columns on each side. When the News Letter was fourteen years old Campbell enlarged it, in order, as he informed his readers, "to make the news newer and more accept able." "This time twelvemonth," he says in his announcement, "we were thirteen months behind with the for eign news beyond Great Britain, and now less than five months; so that we have retrieved about eight months since January last," and he encourages his subscribers with the assurance that if thev "will continue steady until January next, life permitting, they will be accommodated with all the news of Europe that is needful to be known in these parts." It is just possible that the wonder ful enterprise thus suddenly manifested by the proprietor of the News Letter may have beeiyhelned along some by the fact that he now had a competitor in the journalistic field in the shape of the Boston Gazette, published by Wil liam Brookes, the first number of which appeared in December, 1719, about the time that Campbell made his big announcement to the subscrib ers of the News Letter. The battle between the old pioneer and its rival was a strenuous one, but the newcomer at last bit the dust, leaving the News Letter in full tosscssion of the field. After its seventy odd years of life our first newspaper met its end in 1770, with the British evacuation of Boston. it may be said in passing that a complete file of this original American newspaper, the only one in existence, is preserved iu the collection of the New York historical society. When the old Boston News Letter went out of business, in Independence year, Massachusetts had seven news papers, New Hampshire oue, Rhode Island one, Connecticut three, Penn sylvania eight, New York three, Maryland, Virginia and North Car olina two each, South Carolina three, and Georgia oue; the total being thirty-three, all of them weekly pub lications. When the Constitution went into operation, in 1789, there were printed each week iu the entire United States 76,438 copies of newspapers a circu lation that is many times exceeded by that of the New York American alone. Rev. Thomas Gregory. $1,500,000. There must be many cities, towns and yillagcs in the United States who could be induced to part with their superfluous statesmen if Memphis really means business. San Francisco would probably take $1,000 000 for Mayor McCarthy, with 30 per cent off for cash. Albany would pro bably accept $750,000 for William Barnes, jr., or might consent to a trade taking two thirds cash and. the rest iu Tennessee bosslcts and wire pullers. Washington would gladly let.yYillium E. Lorimer go to Memphis at a nomin al price and on a very liberal install ment plan. We need only touch, of course, upon the possibilities connected with the persons of Mr. Charles F. Murphy and Mr. George B. Cox, whom their respective communities could afford to let Memphis have with a million dollar premium thrown in, and still make money. New York Post. V WHERE GOLD ACCUMULATES Russia Passes All Other in Hoarding Up the clous Mstal. Countries Prs- In ten years Russia haa added $310. 000.000 to its stock of gold, raising tna total in the treasury to $704,000,000. Even France has been passed In the contest of accumulation; In ten years the Bank of France has Increased its supply of the metal by $229,000,000, raising the total to $678,000,000. One year ago Russia held less than France, but in the Interval the former has gained $66,000,000, while the latter has lost $63,000,000. It may be learned with some surprise that Italy ranks third as an accumulator of gold since 1900. Its stock having risen from $77,000,000 to $194,000,000. a gain of $117,000,000. Germany has gained only a little over $5,000,000, while the Bsk of England's increase has aver aged only $3,000,000 per annum, or less than $33,000,000 in all. Its gold supply today stands Just under $200,000,000, which is exceeded not only by Russia and France, but by Austro-Hungary, and Is only $5,000,000 above Germany's, and $7,000,000 above Italy's stock, while, of course, It Is little more than half the amount held by the New York clearing house banks alone, to say nothing of the billion odd dollars that Is retained in the United States treasury. Twenty years ago France held only $263,000,000, Germany $138. 000.000. England $113,000,000 and Austria-Hungary the insignificant to tal or $22,000.00. against $227,000,000 today. At home, the New York clear ing house banks and the treasury de partment have added $782,841,275 to their holdings in ten years. HOW TO WIN POPULARITY Surest Method The Is to Be Interested People One Meats. in so pension ceases another and bigger pension list will take its place. Lincoln Star. DOES NOT SOUND LIKE RFCI. PROCITY. Another thing, while the American farmer is to submit to competition in wheat production with the Canadian farmer, the American miller is to be protected by a duty on Canadian flour to the extent of 50 cents a barrel. Is that fair? Does thst sound like reci procity? Why is the miller entitled to Protection if the farmer is not? Cana dian labor is as well paid and as in telligent as American labor. The Canadian miller will be obliged to pay Connecticut Farmers Against Rabbit. Most assuredly the proposed protec tion of rabibts by imposing a limit upon catches and by lessening the opening season will not be approved by farmers and fruit growers. Under present limitations rabbits have mul tiplied until tbey have become almost a plague. Their principal offense is the gird ling of fruit trees, to which they are strongly addicted even when the ground is not snow-covered. So far as known they serve no useful pur2" pose except as food; their pelts are next to valueless, bringing only a cent each and "slow sale" even at mat price. Farmers bring the addi tional charge that rabbit hunters tear down and do not reconstruct their fences, and this complaint Is founded upon facts. Bridgeport Fanner. THE MADERO FAMILY. San Francisco Madcro, father of the leader of the Mexican revolution says that no member of his family will be a candidate for office at the election which it is hoped will result from the insurrection. This is saying a great deal, for he has eight sons, all full grown, of whom the eldest, Fraucisco I., jr., started the revolt. This son was a candidate for the presidency against Diaz a year ago, but the Diaz machine has not permitted anybody but Diaz to aspire to that high office. Francisco, jr., retired to San Antonio last November and began to get ready for the present uprising. The Madero family has good stand ing in Mexico. The grandfather of the present leader is estimated "by some to be worth $50,000,000, made as a speculator in mining properties, and in cattle raising. He was for twenty years governor of a province. The father says: "We are fighting for principles and not for political re wards." In other words, they are fighting for fair elections and for a square deal, it tbey lap, tiicy Have been encaccd in rank treason. If they win they will be heroes. They appear to he holding out well against the regular troojw and to have accomplished much in forcing the re organization of the cabinet. They will be content, however, with nothing short of the complete surrender of the Diaz machine. Boston Globe. One of the surest methods of win ning popularity is to be Interested in the people one meets. Not a lip in terest merely, but a deep, actual in terest that takes one out of one's self and one's narrow circle and for the moment places one In the midst of another's sorrow or Joy and lets one see life from her standpoint A girl who can listen sympathetical ly and with the real Interest to the details of another girl's wardrobe and the list of her admirers has the germ of universal popularity already de veloped. It may seem a trivial and tiresome matter and she may feel conscious all the time that she has far more Interesting things to tell, but, whether or not she realizes it, she Is laying the foundation stone of friendship. Hearts, after all, are very much alike. and each one haa the craving for sym pathy securely planted In Its depth. But nothing Irritates one more and turns one from another's personality so quickly aa the simulated and insin cere Interest which, eventually, is al ways detected. The girl who says with deep emotion and with the soft pedal stop of apparent sympathy turned on, "My dear, how dreadful! to the confidences of a sickening heart, and then hastens to break In with some frivolous fact about her self or her social engagements, is not apt to win much affection, and cer tainly not any lasting love. Sympatnetic Attitude. T never enjoyed your chance for an education." 6aid the reproachful fath- "Well." replied ahe flippant youth. OMAHA WOULD PROFIT. That ready American humor which King George's subjects find so hard to follow and understand did not miss the splendid opportunity offered by the case of Mr. Bryan and the city of Memphis. Close upon the heels of Mr. Bryan's refusal of an offer of 812,000,000 to go to and live in Mem phis comes a letter from the Omaha Commercial club, offering to let Mem Meerschaum Getting Scarce. The valuable material from which meerschaum pipes are made is con tinually getting scarcer and the large industry which has flourished In Vien na. Budapest, Nuremberg, Paris and in the Thuringian town of Ruhla seems endangered. The manufacture of meerschaum pipes is much more im portant than Is generally supposed. The towmof Ruhla alone has been ex porting 1m round figures pipes to the value of about $1,500,000 annually. The finest grade of meerschaum is found near Eskl-Schelr, In Anatolfa. Asia Minor, .in a hollow, which in early days was a lake, in which the meer schaum was precipitated. Meerschaum is also found in other places, including Thebes, Egypt, the Bosnian Mountains in the neighborhood of Grubschitz, and Nuendorff in Moravia and in some sec tions of Spain and Portugal. "when it comes totfhat I don't believe omIec,l CIUD- oneriugui lenuem I enjoy it myself." ' phis have Mayor "Jim" Dahlman for Tamed a Wild Swan. A mild male Russian swan (the largest and handsomest species of the wild goose tribe) flew Into a Los An geles park three winters ago. After much cajoling I have trained him so that he will answer to the name I christened him, and when I call "Bil ly" he will run to me and will follow tne like a dog. I do much of my literary work In, this park and Billy sits beside me and searches my various pockets for pop corn or crackers, and his disappoint ment is pathetic if perchance I meet him empty handed or rather empty pocketed. It was fully a year before Billy would allow me to approach within ten yards of him, but by de grees I have succeeded in winning bis confidence and he now affords end less amusement to my friends and myself. Strand. ROYAL Baking Powder Economy The manufacmrers of Royal Bak ing Powder have always declined to produce a cheap baking powder at the sacrifice of quality. Royal Baking Powder is made from pure grape cream of tartar, and is the embodiment of all the excellence possible to be attained in the high est class baking powder. Royal Baking Powder costs only a fair price, and is more economical at its price than any other leavening agent, because of the superlative qualify and absolute wholesomeness of the food it makes. Mixtures made n irmUboB of baking powders, bat rnnlsmis, dma, are frequently distributed from door to door, or grata away a grocery stores. Such mixtures are dangerous to use h food la Fnglinrf. France, Germany sad soae sections of the United Stales ihesrsslesi prohibited by law. Alum n a daageroas Meal add, aad afl poyacMM coadean bakag powders riialiiMBit . vSVSF SSSWSV SSv JSMSSSf SSSSHRVg? JP0MTSiI0I09 SBVBSSW Would Chase Cats. The other night a New York man visited friends in a New Jersey town where police dogs help the local force. In routing out burglars. These dogs are highly trained. "In spite of that." said the man. "Max, which I believe Is considered the best of them, cannot be trained' to leavo a cat alone. His Job is to go around at night with a policeman, and circle houses. If he finds a bur glar at work he Is trained to chase him out into the open, where the po licemen can get at him. But if Max finds a cat on his trip around a lionso it Is all off with his job. He chases that cat until pursuit is use less. I don't know what he would do If he caught a cat. because he Is kept muzzled, but his nature tells him cats pre to be worried and he annoys them all he can In spite of his training." Royal Abbess of Seventeen. The Archduchess Elizabeth Frances ca, oldest unmarried granddaughter of the emperor of Austria, who made her debut at the first Viennese court ball of the season, did not present so pic turesque a figure as her cousin, the Archduchess Elizabeth Mary, on a similar occasion. Until her marriage with Prince Otto zu Windischgratz the Crown Princo Rudolph's daughter was abbess of the order of St. Theresa and wore the vel vet and ermine robes of her office at all state functions. With these she carried a pastoral staff, studded with Jewels, presented to the order by St. Wenceslaus, king of Bohemia. 600 years ago. A miter of peculiar shape perched on the curly head of the seventeen-year-old archduchess gave a piquant finish to her appearance when she made her first public courtesy to her grandfather. Pall Mall Gazette. HAVE YOUR TICKET READ "BURLINGTON" TO CALIFORNIA. Via DENVER Via PORTLMD SEflTTLE S50.00 $60.00 Go via Scenic Colorado, Salt Lake; return Shasta Route via Portland, Seattle. Yellowstone Park, Gardiner entrance, on your way. Ctoinj; to Seattle direct through Billing, or via Denver and Billings, Shasta Route through California. Yel lowstone Park. Gardiner entrance on the way. He turn through Salt Lake, Scenic Colorado and Denver. This is the general excursion rate basis to California, Portland nnd Seattle, on certain dates in June anil July. $15 00 higher via Shasta Itonte. This is the general exenrsion rate Ijbbib to California, certain rfntpo in May, ..ml daily, June to September. Also to Portland, heattle, on certain dates in May, And daily Juno to September. $15.00 higher via SliaHta lloutr. PROPORTIONAL RATES FROM YOUR HOME The Burlington foUlcr map will help you plan Your nearest agent uim ticket you jour lotir.or let m help you. 'IlurJington." jB9 b. F. RECTOR, Ticket Agent Columbus. Nebr. W. MTrlKbLfcY. Cen'l. Passenger Agent. Omaha. Nebr Magazine Binding Old Books Rebound In tact, for anything in tbc book binding line bring your work to Journal Office Phone 184 d & ? V il ', l