The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911, August 10, 1910, Image 6
ALL OVER NEBRASKA Iff. M 1! h 4 rms r purr (txxupe fN Vvt TIRING the first week In February. 1910. the Cuban National Horticultu ral society, an organization the mem bership of which is almost exclusive ly American and Canadian, held its fourth annual meeting in Havana. In connection, a horticultural show was open; among the exhibits were cit rus fruits from every section of the island. The fruits were large, juicy, clean, thin-skinned, heavy, beautifully colored and delicious In flavor. Flor ida had sent across grape fruit and oranges from famous orchards of the peninsular state, to facilitate invidious compari son, and the comparison, when made, showed that Cuba can produce citrus fruit of first-class qual ity, and. moreover, that she is doing so. Citrus-fruit culture is the principal Interest of American and Canadian settlers throughout Cuba. Cubans and Spaniards are growers of no citrus fruits save pineapples the grape fruit and orange groves belong to the English-speaking colonists. Orange and grape fruit culture is the business which has been boomed mercilessly by land companies advertising largely and some times unscrupulously all through the United States and in Canada during the past ten years. Their customers, arriving in Cuba, have insisted upon growing nothing but grape fruit and or anges, even in regions where other crops would assuredly have proven more immediately profit able if not the better investment in the long run. For instance, there are Americans and Cana dians growing citrus fruits in the heart of Vuelta Abajo and In other parts of Pinar del Rio province on lands that might be made to produce tobac co of the qualities which have made western Cuba famous the world around for this one crop, were the owners willing to co-operate with Cubans on the par tidario system, accord ing to which the new comer furnishes the re quisite capital and the native furnishes the Bkill no leES necessary to success In the deli cate undertaking. It Is a notable fact that few Americans or Canadians who themselves do the actual work in their to- 2 i! Sft-waSHEMRre W!2tmBifrfr'SMMMMMMMMMMMMMM! l MMWmMKW?mMMBMMmMmMB2i&&) iaaxisKmam&i T wows mie w smws EMMMMMMMMj4IQt&f & .v7;vis5 -'vvsiFiSP Irvfc iffU"4! iiMftli9MMKMflMni ItesiPL I BMWWHmWaWKJBWBnl&EESBMWMMHmUX&r 3e &l&-iZiiMf IMmMMBmmWKMWWBKEE&S&mBe&& WK$ti$&MEMmiwk MMMMMMKfyMKBMnK!inK'r!riBMM'' JiBtwanRKulEHL yl " CWDW GT VOUMG 2.TrOJY Ttt5 bacro fields have found this crop profitable. There are "tricks in the trade" of which Cubans are masters, especially those persons whose fam ilies have for generations out of mind engaged in tobacco culture entirely. They seem to be pos sessed of an intuition which enables them to handle the seedling, the plant and the leaf, when germinating, when maturing, and especially when curing, in a manner to insure a better outcome than any foreigner is likely to compass. To grow the very best tobacco requires capital. The ven ture is a gamble, the result of which, however. Is known in a single season. If the planter wins, he probably rakes in "big money." If he loses, at least it takes him only mouths, not years, to find it out. In the Isle of Pines, which was formerly a cattle and hog country, producing especially val uable draft oxen for sale in Cuba proper, Ameri can citrus-fruit growers consume large quantities of canned condensed milk, at high prices, as well as large amounts of canned meats and vegetables, despite the fact that some good pasturage exists, while still more could doubtless be planted, and the further fact that fine vegetables in remark ably large variety can be grown along the river banks, or. really, almost anywiure else where Irrigation is possible. They also import hay and feed at ridiculous cost All this into a region where corn at least can be grown and large herds used to "find" themselves. In central, but most particularly In eastern Cuba, Americans and Canadians are developing groves In lands admirably adapted to sugar cane, which is a quick, certain and profitable crop, sold either in the field, or cut and delivered whereer there is a mill near enouch to buy up the cane. They are growing their trees on sites natives would assuredly prefer for coffee and cacao, or. more wisely, for the numerous Indigenous crops (names, boniatos. etc.) for which there is con stant and remunerative demand. American and Canadian settlers In Cuba. In cluding the Isle of Pines, are citrus-fruit mad. In Pinar del Rio. In the Isle of Pines and in central and eastern Cuba there is, nevertheless. In their madness so much method, plus grit and utter In ability to realize the odds they are "up against." that it seems to be very probable they will suc ceed regardless. Money, time and hardship are to them no object at ail. Pinar del Rio Is a province possessed of most fertile lands in certain districts. There are among the foothills and In the "Organos" them selves rich valleys; unfortunately, some of the choicest are as yet almost inaccessible. There is good land always along the streams, and arable areas are to be found, here and there, every where. Also here and thero and everywhere ctj?zs rwrsmTi sis orpmro there are worn-out fields, sun baked through years, which wear, however, to the Inexperi enced eye, the aspect of virgin, though lightly wooded or sa vannah lands; there are also other sections desolate palm barrens where no man save the sort who purchase real es tate "sight unseen" would think of attempting to grow anything. There are. too, south of the mountain range, en the plain which drops gradually from Its skirts to the Caribbean Kea, certain sand, gravelly reaches, poor In plant food. It Is here, however, with proper fertilization and care, that growers are developing orange and grape-rruit groves. These lands will produce the trees. U food to support them is supplied in the shape of fer tilizer, and the trees will bear citrus fruit of tho very best quality bright colored, weighty, full of juice, inclosed In smooth, thin rind. No fair minded person can longer doubt that they will do so after seeing fruit of the quality which growers located at Taco Taco exhibited at the latest horticultural show In Havana. These gen tlemen had. however, the money to keep their trees properly nourished. Many others who have failed to succeed as they are suceeding owe that failure to the fact that they did not have the money to do as much for their groves. Some land companies doing business In west ern Cuba deny overtly or by implication that fer tilization Is necessary, but no prospective owner of a citrus-fruit grove In western Cuba can afford not to include in his estimate of expenses the cost of fertilizing early and often In amounts properly augmented as years pas3. Fertilizers in general use in the groves of the region mentioned cost, on a fair average, about $15 a ton. This is the situation In the Isle of Pines, as well as in the western and central mainland of Cuba. "The soils are all poor in plant food com pared with the average soils In the United States, and the gravel ridges are especially so." states Mr. H. C. Henricksen, secretary of the Cuban National Horticultural society, referring particu larly to the Isle of Pines, "but I have never seen the effect of good fertilizers so sharply outlined as in these very soils, and from experience In Florida and Porto Rico I would predict an abun dant crop of fruit of superior quality wherever the groves are properly treated." The vital question in these regions Is, then, whether the owner is able to afford proper treat ment. He will, save in exceptional cases, where the soil is too "American" for any use whatso ever, get his crop provided he has the money to supply enough fertilizer. For there are richer lands in Cuba than those on whlb. Americans and Canadians are develop ing their groves in western Cuba and the Isle of Pines. Along the Cauto river, to mention but one locality, there are exceedingly deep, fertile, vir gin soils which need no fertilizer to produce cit rus fruit groves. Such lands must, at the very commencement, be cleared, at some expense, of the thick woods that cover them, and groves, once planted, must at all costs be kept fairly free of weeds. Secondary crops corn, for Instance may be grown between rows without detriment to the trees; in fact. It would seem wiser to do so than otherwise, for. exactly the opposite of the case in the west, these far eastern lands need to be reduced. They are almost too rich, and the fruit of trees they produce, particularly young trees. Is apt to be coarse-skinned, too big. and pithy. These defects, nevertheless, time remedies, for as groves age they lessen the supply of plant food. Eventually it will become necessary to fer tilize the trees, and then growers, by selecting their fertilizer, can control the quality of their fruit. They have, meanwhile, acquired their grove without the expense for fertilizer the grower in the west has been put to in order to produce his. He. on the other hand, has been to less expense than the man in the east in the matter of clear ing, and he has not had to sit up nights weeding to keep his grove from disappearing under a tangle of tropical vegetation. The obvious conclusion, is therefore, that six is one-half dozen. Groves in both eastern and western Cuba will produce trees and good fruit, but neither will do so for any owner not willing to pay the price under one head or another in cash and also In hard work. It is conservatively estimated that no man should undertake even a five-acre grove anywhere in Cuba unless he has at least $5,000 where he can lay his hands on It If he is a lively, capable man he will probably not need that amount of money, but no matter what his ability he should be able to command at least that sum before em barking in the citrus fruit business here. He may need it all. and more. While no complete statistics are available, it is the writer's impression that In western Cuba, including the Isle of Pines, the acreage of or anges is more than that of grape fruit, while in tie east it would seem that the grape-fruit acre age is the larger. The older groves seem, usu ally, to be orange groves; the younger the grove the larger the proportion of grape fruit in it. Problems of transportation to market demand careful study from all growers, prospective or established. Groves situated at a distance from railway lines are handicapped at the start, for. although there are many good roads in Pinar del Rio province, and all over the Isle of Pines, every foot of haul counts, and where the roads are not excellent. It counts heavily, most especially In wet weather. Americans and Canadians have plunged head foremost Into citrus-fruit culture in Cuba. They are building up against odds, by their indomitable courage and optimism, an industry into which preceding owners of the lands they hold did not venture. The Spaniards and Cubans did not so venture may have been because they were blind to the possibilities, lacked specific knowledge, j or the energy required; or possibly they were outmatched by adverse conditions In past dec- J ades. Then again, it may be they were deterred ... 1... tnM Iklni. mh mil tit Y. A f11A tlTlfto. I IIUL V meat- iwiufta ai uu. uuv uj a i !. standing of basic conditions here; by a realiza tion of difficulties in the way of competing, not to say controlling, in the markets where the citrus fruit of Cuba must be sold; and, especially, by a keen appreciation of more profit to be made more quickly and inexpensively elsewhere. In fine, they may have been governed by caution, which dees not notably distinguish the Anglo-Saxon when engaged in opening up fields to him new. New to him, be it noted, but in Cuba's case not In themselves either new or untried. This island is not a virgin wilderness in toto. It has been under the domination of white men for 400 years. Not all these white men were idle and incompetent. They appreciated the country and in developing its resources not to the fullest ex tent possible nowadays, to be sure, but as far as was possible to them in their times they made fortunes. The Spaniards devoted all the energies they had for agriculture In Cuba to sugar cane and to bacco in the eastern and central provinces, and especially to tobacco in the west. For four cen turies they held fast to these two products, thus demonstrating that they were possessed of no more versatility than the American and the Ca nadian who, in Cuba. Insist upon discovering no future save in citrus fruit From tobacco and from cane the Spaniard, and the Cuban with him, has wrested the "wealth of the Indies." "Rich as a Cuban planter" planter of cane and tobacco, not of oranges and grape ' fruit is a significant English phrase. To attain to the wealth and the ease It implies has been j the ambition of the adventurous and the avari- i clous from 1492 to the present time. , For Killing His Sister. Dixon County. The dog. "which tried to protect the sister from the hands of her brother, William Flege. kept her dead body away from the hogs after she bad been killed by her brother, according to the testimony of the hired man. Albert Elchten kamp. in the preliminary hearing of the case of William Flege. charged with the murder of his sister. Flege was bound over to the dis trict court and his bail fixed at $15. 000. which was furnished by his two brothers, his brother-in-law and him self. The hired man told a straightfor ward story of the killing as he said he saw it with his own eyes. He said that he saw Flege and his sister come down from the porch and walk to the front gate. He said they were quar--reling and when they reached the front gate the dog interfered and Flege kicked him so that he ran un der the porch. Eichtcnkamp said that he saw Flege grab his sister by the shoulder and just as he was entering the barn door he heard f. shot, and turning, saw Iconise on her knees. He said that he walked a little farther Into the barn and then heard a second .shot, and when he again turned he saw Louise lying on the ground. The hired man said he went to the fields to cultivate corn and when he returned Louise was still lying in the front yard and- that the dog which had tried to protect her when alive was still guarding her while dead. Capital Removal Association. Hall County. At a meeting of representatives of the several cities in the central part of the state last night an inter-cities organization un der the name of the Capital Removal association was perfected, with Willis Cadwell of Broken Bow. president; C. W. Brininger of Grand Island, vice president; Willard F. Bailey of Kearney, secretary, and Joseph Hayes of Central City, treasurer, the brief constitution adopted purpose of the organization is forth to be "to secure the removal of the capital of Nebraska to such a lo cation in the state as will best serve the interests of all of the people of the state without reference to any special location, it being expressly agreed by the members thereof that the association shall not favor the in terests of any one locality." A. In the set Pioneer Lawyer Dead. Douglas County. Judge George Baker Lake, for many years a lead ing jurist of this state, died at his home in Omaha, aged eighty-four years. The intense heat was parti ally responsible for his demise. He is survived by his widow, one daugh ter. Mrs. Joy Morton, and a son. Mr. Frederick W. Lake. He came to Ne braska in 1S.T7. Securing Harvest Hands. Dodge County. Farmers about Fre mont are adopting a- new means of obtaining harvest hands. They are applying in considerable number to the Y. M. C. A. employment bureau, and their wants are being supplied in large part. One farmer had a man at work half an hour after he telephoned In his request for help. Trampled by a Beast. Cuming County. Carl Johnson, a well known and wealthy farmer liv ing east of West Point, met with a serious accident while attempting to drive a cow into his cattle shed, the animal turning upon him with her fore feet, fractured three ribs and inflicted other serious injuries. Mr. Johnson is SO years of age. Woman Accidentally Poisoned. Red Willow County. Mrs. Perry Cathcart of Driftwood precinct, drank carbolic acid in mistake for citrate of magnesia, and died the same night. Burlington Spending Cash. Phelps County. Burlington ex penditures for work and materials in cident to 1910 improvements in Hold rece may considerably exceed $100. 000. The large coal chute, built to re place the one destroyed by the March fire, is now practically completed. It represents a cost of close to $12,500. Rev. H. W. Lampe Returns to Korea. Dixon County. Rev. Henry W. Lampe and his bride started for St Paul. Minn., where they take the Ca nadian Pacific for San Francisco, and will leave that city August 9 for Ko rea, where they engage in mission ary work. Pauper No More. Otoe County. George Newburn. for many years a resident at the county poor farm, has fallen heir to an es tate of $2,000, which was left him by his father, who resided in Logan county. Nebraska. The estate was discovered by the county attorney who was looking up some other mat ters. Newburn's wife has beeen liv ing in Nebraska City, taking in washing. Organize Health Board. Red Willow County. At a meeting of the county commissioners of Red Willow county, a county board of health was organized. The rules of Nebraska state board of health were adopted for present necessities Epistle to the Joy Riders Look Not Upon the Buzz-Cart When It Is Rsd and Giveth Stinkum to the Breeze. The automobile is a fine bird but It sucks blood. It has a song that lures men to destruction and women to vain pride that corrodes their hap piness. Look not upon the buzz-cart when it is red and giveth stinkum to the evening breeze; for it chaweth scads and ducats like a hay baler; also mazuma and sesterces, and rocks and dough it lappcth up like a bouse afire. When the devil-wagon cham peth and snorteth, flee to the moun tains of the Hepsidam and crawl in a hole; or the old boy will get you and carry you to the poorhouse. Man gceth forth in the morning chugging and shaking with pride; a halo of blue smoke clrcleth him as a wreath; he patteth his belly with pride and saith, behold. I am a six-cylinder bate; even a lallapaloolu am I in my pride. When lo. the sheriff caxnpeth on the front door of the shop and swipeth up his substance in a night and a Mis souri mule hauleth off the available assets to the auction. The auto is a mocker and the touring car is raging and whoso is deceived thereby should soak his noodle in lye. Vessels of wrath fitted into destruction are the devil-carts that eat man's time and say his securities and in the end turn over in a ditch and make his family into hamburger steaks. Woe Is his name who dallies with them; even pants is he called In the marketplace who twists the brass wheel and wlnk eth with the other eye at fate. Em poria (Kan.) Gazette. Patient "He's very patient with her." "So?" "Ye3; he neyer even loses his tem per Vhen bis wife brags about her ar istocratic ancestry." Good News for Teddy. Kearnev County. .Mr. and Mrs. Chris Xe'son of near 1'pland are the' parents of three baby girls born July 27. Their weights arc respectively r.'A. r, and H'A pounds, are perfectly formed and are strong and healthy. Hot Wind Damages Corn. Otoe County. The hot wind and the exceedingly hot weather which irevpiled in this county did great damage to the corn crop and it Is feared killed much of it The mercury showed 103 in the shade. There bar. been no rain in this sec tion since June 8. Hangs Himself in Jail. Douelas County. James Kennedy, unknown, arrested on the charge of Hsturbing the peace, hung himself vith a towel suspended from his bunk in the city jail at South Omaha. MilNGj G0S5IP i Bjj, Chinese Take to Smoking Cigarette WASHINGTON. America has taught the people of the Chinese empire to smoke cigarettes. In a. re port to this government on foreign trade by Consul General Charles Den by of Vienna. In which he described the class of foreign markets which may be created by American enter prise, and then supplied the consul general says: "One of the most conspicuous ex amples of such a market is the de mand for cigarettes In China. Ten years ago the cigarette was an article used In China by a small number of people, chiefly foreigners. The field attracted the attention of a group of American manufacturers who ex amined into it and decided to intro duce the cigarette to the Chinese peo ple by American methods. The result Is that now the cigarette is popular throughout the empire." The international opium conference to be held at The Hague next fall will have a very general representation of the powers, according to the latest in formation reaching the state department In reporting to this government on opportunities In Malaysia for rubber- growing enterprises. Consul General James T. Dubois at Singapore, cited as follows an instance to show how the investing public is sometime ta ken in in the exploitation of the rub ber industry there: An estate was sold to promoters fcr $150,000. The syndicate got an old planter who knew the estate to put a flotation value on It He named $250,000. The promoters were not sat isfied. Another expert examined and reported. His price was $350,000. British and American gold was pour ing Into the country and the get-rich-quick spirit was born. Another expert was called In. He was told of the for mer valuations and that they were un satisfactory. He valued the estate at $500,000. Just at this time, rubber took a bis; jump In the London and New Yorlc markets and another expert was asked to report and he placed the flotation price at $750,000 and the syndicate In order to have it in round numbers made It an even $800,000 and floated It at this price. People fought for the stock, the share issue was oversubscribed and many of them immediately sold at a good advance. AH this was done with in a few months without the slightest improvement on the property except the natural growth of the few hundred acres of Para plants which had re cently been planted. Trained white supervisors on the rubber estates are in demand, the con sul general reports, and there Is a scarcity of labor and consequent high wages. Heads of Navy Are Annoyed By Women JOHN HAY had a saying that the ideal diplomatic service If any government ever succeeds in having one will be composed exclusively of unmarried men. Mr. Hay had no ex perience in naval matters, or he might have included the navy in his maxim. There probably Is no branch of the government service, the Washington Post says, where petticoat influence is so strong as in the navy. Ask any ex-secretary of the navy about it and he will tell you how the navy women In a thousand different ways, some times unconsciously and occasionally deliberately, annoy the navy depart ment. He will tell you how they scheme to obtain desirable posts of duty for their husbands or sons and how they annoy the department with requests for a change of orders when their husbands are transferred from an easy job in Washington to sea duty on the Asiatic station or some other far-away tropical post. The recent row at the Boston navy yard, which cul minated in the court-martial of two officers, illustrates the prominent part women play In navy circles. Almost everybody knows of the mutual ill feeling existing between the navy women ami the department Every once In a while something hap pens to widen this breach. Only a few days ago Ensign Charles M. Aus tin, son of Representative Richard W. Austin of Tennessee, was deprived of an especially desirable berth by the navy department merely because he got married. He hail been detached from the dispatch boat Dolphin at the Washington navy yard and ordered to Japan for duty as a student at tache at the American embassy at Tokyo for the purpose of studying the Japanese language. On the way to his new post of duty he stopped at his former home In Tennessee and was married to a girl he had known for many years. This was too much for the unro mantic departmental authorities, who suddenly decided that a married en sign would not make as gond a stu dent of the Japanese language as a bachelor. Accordingly his orders were revoked and instead of spending his honeymoon in Tokyo he will have less interesting service at the naval training station on the Pacific coast He will, however, have his wife. Girl's Good Locks Are a Bar to Work 'MfficN$& raw AFTER losing four positions within a year just because of her beauty, Mary Todd has left Washington and will try her fortune elsewhere. Mfcs Todd set out to be a stenographer. Her employer got mixed up in his dic tation and Included phrases that could not have been part of the correspond ence. As a shopgirl the floorwalkers strolled too often near her counter. As a milliner she aroused the envy and jealousy of customers. Miss Todd has been living in George town for a little more than a year. She came here from a small Pennsyl vania town, well equipped to work. with money enough to wait until a reasonably good position was open to her. "Yes." she said, half-angry and half amused. "I have been overwhelmed with offers of marriage as well as of employment I?"t these offers do not appeal to me. Most nnn forget that I have my own sweetheart, and if I were inclined to consider n second time it seems that mine shou'd be the privilege of inviting his attentions without having them thrust upon me. "At first I did not take such things seriously, but since then I have known other girls who have shared the same fate, merely because they are mora beautiful than their colleagues. "I have worked In offices where there were 17 girls, and by the end of the third week I was embarrassed by repeated offers of company, pleas ures ami the like by various men in the office. This gave rise to some bitter passes between some of the other girls and myself. "I hope to be married by the autumn of next year, but until then I wish to do something." Sad Red Men Must Ride on the Wagon L rr Xfl Kr Ox POOR o has suffered many priva tions at the hands of the national government In the process of civilizing him. but the hardest blow yet must be no more "fire water" sold on the ceded lands of Minesota. Lo will take his seat on the water wagon at once The order includes several counties and if carried out to the letter would ren prevent the sale of liquor in St Paul and Minneapolis, which stand on ceded lands. Under state laws the counties em braced in the order Decker. Cass. Clay. Hubbard. Mahnomen. Neman. Beltrami. Itasca. Polk, (''ear WuKr Red Lake. Crow Wing. Wad m and Ottcrtail have enjoyed the license system of t!.e state and Lo. who dear ly loves his fire water, has been able to procure it without restriction. By the new order he will have to go dry. The provisions or the treaties by whieh the lands were ceded prohibit the introduction of intox'oating liquors in the whole northern part of the state, except by consent of congress or the president, but up to the present time the provisions have not been enforced owing to opposition from the white population, which vastly outnumbers the reds. at Brighton, where we sat at a table ami looked at the ocean?" he asked. "Well, when you all went away f walked around to the bar and got one for five. A shame to charge you fivti cents more just to sit down and looll at the ocean. Isn't It?" "Oh. I don't know." she said. "I'd rather pay the extra five than have ta stand by the bar and look at the bar tender if be was anything like some I have sejn." Xew Yorl: F'ress. Message for Satan. "In my dream." said the dusky story teller. "Satan had me an" wua showin' me over all de place what he has specially reserved fer sinners, an' it sho wuz a sight ter behol'. Our wuz a griddle here, an" a griddle dar, an' lots er my ol' friends wu-c tryin' on 'em an' makm' tie Lfc;-s' sorter hol- i lerin. I thoughted .try inni::e dat ' my time wu& cumin" n t, tr:' I'd 'lone : give up in despair wYn Saf. n turned ".ounct" an said: Co b !; ter do worl an tell yo folks 'Lout what yo-i sei; but ez for po'ae'f, you i.i too good a man ter roast.'" Atlanta Constitu tion. Ocean vs. Bartender. "Do you remember where they stung us ten o.ontjj fcr beer on the pavilion The Kind Needed. "Dear me." said the first young wom- t an. taking her initial lesson in golf. "what shall I do now? This ball is in a hole!" "Well. let me see," said her compan ion, rapidly turning the leaves of a Look of instructions. "I presume you will have to take a stick of right shape to get It out." "Oh, yes. of course," was tho some what cynical reply. "Well, see if you can find one shaped like a d in and brush. The Sunday Magazine 4 t A - ! T" i Y