ROOSEVELT
IS
ROMflNESLECTURE
Former President of United
States at Oxford
LORD CURZON IN THE CHAIR
Sheldonian Theater Crowded With
Distinguished People When Amer
ican Talks on "Biological An
alogies In History."
Oxford. Kngiand. The Romanes
lecture by Theodore Roosevelt, which
was to have been delivered on May 18.
but which was postponed on account
of the death of King Edward, was
given on June 7 by the distinguished
American. The Sheldonian theater
was filled to its capacity' by notable
persons and Oxford students and the
lecture, which was on "Biological
Analogies in History." was well re-
eived. Lord Curzon. chancellor of the
unhersity. presided.
In eoliinK to penptrate the causes
of tin mysteries that surround not
only mankind but all life, both In the
present ami the past, said Mr. Roose
Ht. we iee strange analogies in the
phenomena of life and death, of birth
r.rowth and cliaiiRe. between those
physical groups of animal life which
we designate as speeici.. forms, race
and the highly complex and composite
entities which rise before our minds
when we speak of nations and rlvi
li.ations It is this study he assert
ed, lhat has ?;ieii science Its present
day prominence, and the historian of
mankind must work in the scientific
spirit and use the Measure-ho uses of
M'ienee
To illustrate, the lerturer look sev
eral instance: of the development of
new species and the extinction of spe
cies in the history of mammalian life,
showing that in some caes the causes
ran be traced with considerable accu
racy, and in other cases we cannot so
much as hazard a guess as to why a
given change occurred.
Analogies in Human History.
Coiitiimini;. Mr. Roosevelt said In
part:
Now as to all of tln-"-- n!icnnmini In tlie
e-Kilutte.n of ( i.-. the re- :u If not
IioiiioIok'os. at lf.-ist certain '" 'Iki". In
Hie Msteiiy f limiinii l-ti -. in tl-e
iisleir of tlie rNi- to jireniiiiie.ii. of tli
rteveii'ptiK nt nml lians-'. of I .. i. n
ix.r.iry ejeuiilii.ini . imel eli-itii or ti
foriiu-tloii. of I lie kiouii .if Hying Kin!
wliifli fonn ran", or n.itlons
As In liliiloRV. so in ! iiinan tilstorv.
n.-u form m.i r. suit fiom t !- s.--i.iliz.i-tlim
or a losis -:sUn ail J itlierto vry
kIiiuU --li.itiKlK geinT.tIi7'l fir non
HifUi!ir 1 fotm us. for lii".inre. when
11 liarlt.ir.i- r.ne fro'ii a ariet of raii-"s
Mi.l.'.uU liclots n more eomplt oultl
v.Ulon anil cliil.zation That 1 wliat oe--iirr'l.
for lnstan In western Kiirne
duiiiiK the ri-tit ur.es of tlin Teutonic ami
LiIit tli- Se:inilinal ill tlililr eerfliv"
Irosn tlie nortli All tpe inolei n eiuntries
of ue-sleni Kt.reifie iir- I";-i'tiiI"I from tin
stales t-n.ited tiv tlu-;" northern invaders
W'u-ii tirvi f reatetl tn v eoiiM l called
""lieu" 01 "yoiiiiK" stales In the M'tlie
that iait nr all of the jvople compoinij
them were ee.,oe'iiile..l from raec that
Jiitlicrto hail not heen el illzil at all. and
tliat therefore for the rttt tune entered
on the i.iieer or Hvill7.'el eoniiniinltles
In the f iiithern pirt of western lCurope
the new state thus formed consisted In
liulk of the Inhahitarits already in the land
under the Human emp le. and it was
here that the eew Kingdoms tlrst took
fhnpe TlmuiRl. :t r fle ai-tlon their
lnlllienee tlien extended I irk Into the eold
forest fiom ul.h h tlie ini.ule-rs had come,
hiid Germany and K-in!in:i i.t witnessed
the rise of coviniunitles wlt'i essenti illv
he same eiv IlirHion as their southern
neighbors, though n those communities,
unlike the Miuthern (O'limtitiltles. there
was no infusion of ti w hlond. and In eac li
iim' the new civilized n-tlloii winch cradu
nllv 5eloped was r imposed entir Iv of
tnemhers of the same tace whh h 'n the
Mime r plou hail for aes lived the life of
a slo-.l hanxitic harhaiism The Fame
was true of the SI.iah and the Slavonlzed
Finns of eastern Kurope. when an Infil
tration tif S andlnavlan leaders from the
north and infiltration of livzantlna
. ulttiro from the s-outh joined to produce
the changes uhich hae crailiiallv. out of
the lit lit Slav communities of the forest
nni tS e Mepp. formed the mighty Uussian
empire of today
"New" and "Young" Nations.
Acnln. the new form may represent
merelj a spllttinc off from a lons-cstah-llshrd.
hljjhlv le eloped and specialized
nation In this case the nation is nsuallv
f-pnken of as a "voiin:r." and is correctly
poken of nB a "new." nation. lent the
trim should always !- used with a clear
en-e of the difference between what Is
described In such ca.se. and what is de--eribeel
liv the same tetm In spe-aklnc of
a. ciili7's nation just develop, d from a
liarbarism. i'arthase nml Svi.u'iisu were
new cities compared w.th Tvre and Cor
inth: but the Greek or l'lioenician race was
In everv sense of the rd as old In the
new eil as m the old citv So. nowadays.
Victoria or Manitoba Is a new community
compared with I"ni;!anil or S otland. but
the :h estr.it fvpe of civilization and cul
ture Is as old in one c-vse as In the other.
I of coi.is-e tin not me in for a moment
ttiat creat elianses are not produced by
the mere fact that the old civilized race
is sMf'denU placed in Mirroundlmjs where
it has aqain to en throuRli the work of
tanilns the wilderness, a work finished
many ceeturies In tore In the original
I ome of the rice. I nierelv mean thut
tiie aii'estra history Is the same In each
.ir.e. We can riuhtlv use the phrase "a
in w people" in v-fviKins of Canadians
ot Australians. Ameruans or Afrikanders.
Ui.t we use It in an entnelv different
vense from that In which we use it when
f-peakini: of such communities as thot!
founded by t'.ie northin. n and their ile
!. en l.ints ilurin that perlo 1 of a-tonlsli-trsi
Ki-vth wi Ich fiivv the ilescendants of
T.HE BEST THAT MORGAN GOT
Imperious Financier May Keep In
Memory One Man He Could
Not Browbeat.
The yarn ot the other day abotit
Mayor Gaynoi and n bell-boy recalls
another one Ganor. ou know, slept
:it the Hotel Astor one night, having
lieen detained there very late. In the
lLormns he couldn't lind his way to
the elevator. aDd met one of the pert
-.uiiths tvho browbeat the hotel guest.
"Aw. foller yer nose," said the kid.
"1 ain't got no time to bother wit
jouse."
Mr. Gaynor's nose ultimately led
him to the office and shortly after
ward a clerk's nose led him to the
seventeenth floor and the boy's nose
led him to Broadway, with instruc
tions to stay out of the Astor torever
after. It recalled to a reporter the
time that J Pierpont Morgan got tan
gled up with a menial Mr Morgan,
jou may know. Jo imperious and
dtctatoual. He speaks in grunts.
When iLi grunt is not readily inter
the Norse sea-thieves conquer and trans
form Normandy. Sicily, and the Hritlsh
Islands: we use It In an entirely different
s iiic from that in which we use It when
fspeaklns of the new states that grew up
around Warsaw. Kief. Novgorod, and
Moscow, as the wild savages of the
steppes and the marshy forests strusgled
haltingly and stumbling!)' upward to
become builders of cities and to form
stable governments. The kingdoms of
Charlemagne and Alfred were "new."
compared with the empire on the Itos
phortis. they were also in every way dif
ferent, their lines of ancestral descent had
nothing in common with those of the
polyglot realm which paid tribute to the
Caesars of Byzantium, their social prob
lems and aftertime history were totally
different. This Is not true of those "new"
nations which nr'ng direct from old na
tions. Krazil, t-e rgenti:ie. the United
Sta'ei. are all "lew" nations, compared
with the nations of Europe; but with
whatever chanses 'n detail, their civiliza
tion Is nevertheless of the genera! Euro
pean type, as shown In Tortugal. Spain,
and England. Thn differen-ea between
these "new" American and theso "old"
European nations are not as great as those
which separate the "new" nations one
from another and the "old" nations one
from another. There are In each case
very real differences between the new anil
the old nation differences both for good
and for evil, but in e.u h case there is
the name ancestral history to reckon with,
the same type of eiviliratlon. with its at
tendant benefits and shortcomings, and.
after the pioneer stages are passed, the
problems to be solved, in spite of superfi
cial diflerences. are III their essem e the
same, they are those that confront nil
civilized peoples, not those that confront
peoples struggling from barbarism Into
civtli&aiion.
So. when we speak of the "death" of
a tribe, a nation or a civilization, the term
mav he used fur either one or two totally
different proi esses, the analogy with
what occurs In biological histoiy being
complete Certain tribes of savages, the
Tismanians for instance, and various lit
tle clans ot Ameiican Indians, have within
the last century or two completely died
out. ail of the Individuals have perished,
leaving no descendants, and the blood has
disappeared. Certain other tribes of
Indians have as tribes dlsapneared or
are now disappearing, but their blood
remains, being absorbed Into the veins of
the white Intruders, or of the Id ick men
introduced by these white intruders, so
that in rcilitv thee are nierelv being
tr-iusformei Into something absolutely
tlilftrent from what they were.
A like wide diversity in fact may b
covtnd In the ht'itemeut that a civiliza
tion h..s "died out."
Phenomena That Puzzle.
In dealing, not with groups of human
iHlngi in simple and primitive relations,
but with highly compl. . highly special
ized, civlhzid. or scinl-civilir'-d societies,
there is need of great caution in drawing
anilogi. s with what has otmried in the
dev lopnif nt of the animal world. Vet
ksi In these cases It Is curious to sef
how some of the nlicnnmt na In the
growth and disappearance of tlv eom-pl-.
aitificlal groups of h'uiian beings
reenihle what has happened in mviiads
of instances In the history of life on this
planet.
Whv do great artificial empires, whose
citizeps are knit bv a bond of speech and
culture much more than by a bond of
blood. how periods of extraordinary
growth, and again of sudden or lingering
dei :iv In Bonin ca-es we tan answer
readilv enough, in other cases we can
not as yet even gues v ' .t the proper
:iswer should be If In anv such case
the centrifugal forces overcome the cen-tnpet-il.
the n-ition will of course tly to
pief es. and the re.'son for Its failure to
In ome .1 dot iluant fer e Is patent to
everv one TI n'nute that the spirit
which fli.ds it.. '.m'iIv development In
lnc.il self-govet nm 'it a-nl in the antidote
to the dangers of m .-Mreme centraliza
tion, develops Into m i.i particularism.
Into Inability to combine effectively for
achievement of a common end. tl en it Is
hnpelcs to expect great results I'olind
nnd certain republics of the western
hemisphere' are the standard earu '. f
failure of this kind, and the Cnited Si.cn
woul 1 have ranked w.ih them, an-' us
name would have become a bvwotii of
derision. If the forces of union had not
triumphed In the civil war. So the
growth of soft hiMiry after it has reached
a certain point become--, a national d inger
intent to all Again, it nee ils but little of
the vision of a seer to foretell what must
happen In anv community If the average
wem.an ce'ass to becume tlie mother of a
family of hcallhv children. If tlie average
man loses the will and the power to work
up to old age and to fight whenever the
need a rise's. If the homejv, coinmnnplaie
virtues the out. If stre-ngth of "'laracter
vanishes In graceful self-indulgence. If the
virile finalities atrophy, then tlie nation
has lost what no material prosperity can
offset.
But there are plentv of other phenom
ena wholly or partially lneplii able It Is
easv to see why Itome trended downward
when great slave-tilled farms sprea-' o er
w hat had once been a countryside of
peasant proprietors, when greed and lu
nrv and sensuality ate like acids Into the
tiberof the upper classes, while the mass
of the citizens grew to depend, not upin
their own eertion.s. but upon the state,
for their pleasures and their very liveli
hood But this docs not explain why the
forward movement stopped nt different
times, so far as different matters were
concerned: at one time as regards litera
ture, at another time as regards architec
ture at another tlmo as regards city
building We cannot even guess whv the
springs of one kind of energy dried up
while there wa- yet no cessation of an
other kind
Holland as an Example.
Take another and smaller instancr. that
of Holland. Kcir a period covering a
little more than the seventeenth century.
Holland. like some of the Italian city
states at an earlier period, stood on the
dangerous heights of greatness beside na
tions so vastlv her superior in te rritory
and population as to make It Inevitable
tliat sooner or later she must fall from tlie
glorious and perilous eminence to which
she had been raised by her own Indomita
ble soul Her fall came, it could not
have been Indefinitely postponed but It
! came far quicker than it needed to come.
bee ause of shortcomings on her part to
which both Great Britain and the fnlted
States would he wise to pay hied Her
government was singularly Ineffective, the
decentralization being such as often to
permit the- semt-atKt. the particularism
rpirit of the provinces to rob the central
authority of all efficiency This was bad
j enough. But th fatal weakness was that
so c ninmon in ncn. peice-ioving societies,
where men hate to think of vvai as possi
ble, and try to justify their ovv n reltie tance
to fae it either by high-sounding moral
platitudes or else bv a philosophy of
short-sighted materialism The Dutch
were vejv wealthy Thev grew to le
lleve that the could hire others to do
preted by his unfortunate opposite, he
roars.
On this occasion Mr. Morgan had
gone to one ot the big uptown hotels
to attend a banquet. He asked a
large perton at the entrance where
he could find the banqi.eting hall. The
large person sent him along, and Mr
Morgan next met a hall porter who
1-....1 ...cf limm elirh:irTPd and Was
! looking for a chance to get even. Mr
I Morgan grunted inquiringly. The por
ter grunted sullenly.
"Wuh-wuh-wuh." grunted Mr. Mor
gan. I ..n-l. -V. n..ti rrrr.tvlo1 the Tinr.
ter
"How dare you?" asked Morgan.
"Say." said the porter, belligerently.
"1 don't know who you are. jou old
skeezicks. but if you unpin that lip
uh yourn again I'll hang a brace on
it."
"My name is Morgan," said the
banker, indignantly.
"Well." said the porter, after look
ing him' over carefully, "you look it."
And that's the best that Morgan
! uou Boston Traveler.
their fighting Tor them on land; and on
sea. where they did their own fighting,
and fought very well, they refused In
time of peace to make ready fleets so ef
ficient as either to insure the Dutch
against the peace being broken or else
to give them the victor) when war
came. To be opulent and unarmed Is to
secure ease In the present at the almost
certain cost of disaster In the future.
It Is therefore easy to tee why Holland
lost when she did her position among the
powers; but It Is far more difficult to ex
plain why at the same time there should
have come at ItMst a partial loss of posi
tion In the world of art and letters. Some
spark of divine fire burned Itself out In
the national soul. As the line of great
statesmen, of great warriors, by land and
sea. came to an end. so the line of the
great Dutch painters ended. The loss of
pre-eminence lu the schools followed the
loss of pre-eminence In camp and In
council chamber.
In the little republic of Holland, as In
the great empire of Rome. It was not
death which came, but transformation.
Both Holland and Italy teach us that
races that fall may rise again.
Danger of Race Suicide.
There are questions which we of the
gi eat civilized nations are ever tempted to
ask of the future. Is our time of growth
drawing to an end? Are we as nations
foou to come under the rule of that great
law of death, which Is itself but part of the
rreat law of life? None can tell. Forces
that we can see and other forces that are
hidden or that can but dimly be appre-henii'-d
are at work all around us. both
for sod and for evil. The growth in lux
ury, in love of ease. In taste for vapid
anil frivolous excitement. Is both evident
and unhealthy. The most ominous sign
Is the diminution In the birth-rate, in the
rate of natural Increase, now to a larger
or lesser degree shared by most of the
civilized nations of central and western
Europe, of America and Australia: a dim
inution so great that If it continues for the
next century at the rate which has ob
tained for the last 2T years, all the more
highly civilized people will lie stationary
oi ele have begun to go backward in
population, while nianv of them will have
already gone very far backward.
Theie is much that should give us con
cern for the future But there Is much
also tv hlch should giv e us hope No man
Is more apt to he mistaken than the
prophet of evil I believe with nil mv
heart that a great fntuie remains for us:
but whether it does or does not. our
dutv is not altered However the bat
tle may go. the soldi, r worthv of the
name will vlth utmost vigor do his al-lote-d
task, ai.d bear himself as v.ilisnt
lv in defeat as in victory. Come what
will. We belong to peoples who have not
v leldeel to the craven far of being great.
In the ages that have gone bv. thes
great nations, the nations tliat have e
pi'tidid and that have plaj.il a mighty
part In tlie world, have In the eml
giovvn old and weakened and vanished,
hvit so have the nat'oiis whose only
thought was to avoid all danger, all ef
fort, who would risk nothing, and who
therefore gained nothing. In the end the
same fate may overwhelm all alike, but
the ti:emirv of the one type perishes with
it while the other le: .es Its n.ark deep
en the history of all the future of man
kind. In the first part of this lecture I drew
certain analogies between what had oc
curred to forms of rnimal life through
the ptoossion of the ages on this planet,
and what has occurred and is occurring
to the .eat nrtifii ial civilizations which
have gradually spread over the world's
srrfaec duiing the thousands of years
that have elapsed since cltie-e of temple-.
and palaces tirsl rose- Im-sIiIc the Nile nnel
the Euphrates, and the harltors of
Minnan Crete bristled with the masts of
the Aegean craft. But of course the
parallel is true only In the roughest
and most general wav. Moreover, even
letwecn the f iv'llzutions of today and
the eivllizatlons of ancient times there
are differences so profound that we must
lie cautious In drawing any conclusions
fir the present based on what has hap
pened in tlie past While freelv admit
ting all of our follies atnl weaknesses of
today. It Is yet mere pervcrsitv to refuse
to realize the Incredible advance that
h is tteen made in ethical standards I do
not l.-li-ve that there is the slightest nec
essatv connection between anv weaken
ing of viule fore'e and this advance lit
the moi.il standard, this giowth of the
sense of obligation to tine's n- ighbor and
of reh'ct'inte to do that neighbor wrong
We ne-ed have scant ptlenie with that
siliy cynicism which insist-, that kindli
ness of character only accotnpa tiles
weakness of ebnracter On the contrary.
jns :,s in private life manv of the men
of strotige-st cliarac ter are the verv men
of loftiest and most exalted morality, so
I believe that in national life as the ages
go by we- shall find that the permanent
national t ! will more and more tend
towards those in which, while the Intel
lest stands high, character stands higher:
in w tilth ruggeil strength and coinage',
rugged capacity to resist wrongful ag
gression by others, will go baud in hand
with a lofty scorn of doing wrong to oth
ers This is the type of Timoleon. of
Hampden, of Washington and Lincoln.
Problems of Modern Nations.
Every modern civilized nation has manv
and terrible problems to solve within Its
own bordets. problems that arise not
merely from JutaosJtlon of poverty am!
riches, but especially from the self-consciousness
of both poverty and riches.
Each nation must deal with these mat
ters In its own fashion. anl yet the spirit
In which the problem Is upproactied must
ever be fundamentally th same. It
must be a spirit of broad humanity: of
brotherlv kindness; of acceptance of re-
sponsiblllty. one for each anel -ach for
all. and at the same time a spirit us re
mote as the poles from ever) form nf
vv-akness and sentimentality. As in war
to pardon the cowaid Is to elo cruel
e rong to the brave man whose life his
cowardice jeopardizes, so In civil nffalrs
it Is revolting to every principle of
justice to give to the lazy, the vicious, or
even the feeble and dull-wilted, a rewatd
which Is really the robbery of what
braver, wiser, abler men have earnerel.
The only effective way to help any man
Is to help him to help himself, and the
worst lesson to teach him I- that he can
be permanently helped at the epense of
some one else. True liberty shows lts.-lf
to lecst advantage In pr.-tecting the rights
of ot Iters, and especially of minorities.
Privilege should not be tolerated t.e-cause
it is to the advantage of a minority, nor
vet because it Is to the advantage of a
majority No doctrinaire theories of
vested rights or freedom of contract can
Ftand In the way of our cutting out
?il.i;s. s from the hodv nolitlc .lus! n lit.
' tie can we afford to follow the doctrin
aires of an impossible md in Mentally
of -i highly undesirable -tenia! revolution
' which. In elesiroying Individual rights
i (inc'udl'ig piop-rt) rights, and the fam
ily, wt.'ild destroy the two chief agents in
' the aelvance of mankind, and the two
chief reasons why either tlie advance or
i the preservation of mankind Is worth
Mummified Heads Scarce.
Mummified heads of South Amer
ican Indians belonging to a tribe liv
ing on the slopes of the Andes near
Quito, in Ecuador, once so easily pur
chased, are becoming extremely
scarce. The head Is shrunk by some
! secret process known only to the na
I tives. being thus reduced from life
-tee. nine or ten inchrs from tip of
chin to top of head, to five inches.
The curious thing is that the head
can be reduced in this fashion without
destroying the features These heads,
some of which are of great antiquity,
are now almost Impossible to procure.
Their sale Is forbidden by law.
, Wide World Magazine.
Satirical Voltaire.
One day some mice said to one an
other: "How charming is this world!
What an empire Is ours! This palace
so superb was built for us; from all
eternity God made for us these large
holes. Do you see those fat hams un
der that dim ceiling? They were cre
ated there for us by Nature's hands;
' those mountains of lard. Inexhausti
. ble ailment, will be ours till the end
while. It la n evil and a c.-eadfu! thing
to be callous to sorrow and suffering and
blind to our duty to do all things possible
for the betterment of social conditions.
But it Is an unspeakably foolish thing to
strive for this betterment fcy means so
destructive that they would leave no so
cial conditions to better. In dealing with
all these social problems, with th inti
mate relations of tlie family, with wealth
in private use and business use. with la
bor, with poverty, the one prime neces
sity is to remember that, though hard
ness of heart Is a great evil, it is no
treater an evil than softness of head.
But In addition to these problems ths
most Intimate and Important of all
which-to a larger or less degree affect all
the modern nations somewhat alike, wa
of the great nations tliat have expanded,
that are now In complicated relations with
one another nnd with alien races, have
special problems ar.d spec la! duties of our
own. Vou belong to a nation which pos
sesses the greatest empire upon which ths
sun has ever shone. I belong to a nation
which Is trying, on a scale hitherto unex
ampled, to work out the problems of gov
ernment for. of. and by the people, will!
at the same time doing the international
duty of a great power. But there are
certain problems which both of us have
to solve, and as to which our standards
should be the same. The Englishman the
man o the British Isles. In his various
homes across the seu3. and the Ameri
can, both at home and abroad, are
brought Into contact with utterly alien
peoples, some with a civilization more an
cient than our own. others still In. or
having but re-centlv arisen from, the bar
barism which our people left behind ages
ago The problems that arise nre of well
nigh Inconceivable difliculty. They cannot
Ik- solved by the foolish sentimentality of
rtr.v-at-li.ime people, with little patent
rc-ipes. an,j those fiit-and-dried theories
of the political nurs.TV whii li have such
limited applicability am'd the crash of
el"niental forces Neither can they b
solved bv the raw brutality of the men
who. whether at home or on the rough
frontier of civilization, adopt might ns
the onlv standard of right In dealing with
other men. anel treat alien races only as
stibjee ts for eploitation.
No hard and fast rule can lie drawn as
applying to all alien races, ix-cnuse they
difTt-r from one another far inure wide
lv than some of them differ from us But
there are oiie or two rules v. hich must
not be f.irgotten. In the long run. tln-r-
can ! no Justllcation for one nice man
aging or controlling ancthe r unle'ss the
manage ment and control are een-is, 4 in
the Interest and for the hem-tit of that
other rate. This Is what euir peoples
have In the main done, and must con
tinue in the future in even greater eh
gre-e to do. In India. Egvpr. and the Phll-Ipiin-s
alike In the net place, vr re
gards everv race, everywhere, at home
or abroad, we cannot afford to eleviate
fr m the gre'.at rule of righteousness
wh'ih bids us treat e-ach man on his
worth as a man lie- must not be senti
mentally favor.-d because he belongs to
a given race: he must not b given Ini
initiiliv In wrotig-iloing. or peiiuitteei to
cumin r the ground, or given other pilvl-
leges w hit h would be d.-nled to the)
v!.ou and unlit among th.-mselve.s. On
the- other hand, win re he- acts In a way
which we.uld entitle him to rcspi-c! and
reward If he w-re of our own stock, he
Is just as much entitled to that respect
and revvanl if lie comes of another
stock, evrn though that ether stcn-1; pro
duces a nun h smaller proorlion of n.cn
of h's tvpe ti.nn does our own. This has
nothing to do with social intermingling.
Willi what is c-.l!Ieel s..e;al i-epiality. It
has to do me-ie!v with the itu.-stlon of ehv
Ing to each man :n! each woman that
elementary Justice which will permit hi:t
or l.er to gain fr.iui life the reward
which should alvvivs atcompanv thrift,
sobriety self-control, nspe-ct for the
rights of other-" anel hard and intelli
gent work to a ulve-n end Tei more than
such Just treatment no man is entitled,
am! 1-ss than such Just ticatment no man
sh mid receive
Duty of Nation to Nation.
The other tvpe of duty is the Interna
tional ilutv. the; duty owe, by one na
tion to another I hold that the laws of
morallt) which should govern Individu
als In their dealings one with the either
are hist as binding concerning nations in
their dealings fine with the other. The
application of the iiiiiral law- must let
liffeient in the two eases, because in
one cas. It has. ami In the other It has
rot. the sanction of a civil law with force
b.-hind It. The individual can depend for
hi rights upon the courts, which them
selves ile-rive their force Irom the pollen
power of the state The nation can de
pend upem nothing of the kind, and
therefore, as things ar. ne.vv. It is the
highest dutv nf the most advance el ami
freest peoples to k.-ep thenis.-les In su--h
a state of readiness its tr. foibld to any
bTbarlsm or despotism the hope of ar
resting tlie progre-ss of the weirlel by stri
king elnwn the na ileitis that lead III that
progress. It would h foolish Indeed to
pay l-.-ed to the unwise persons who ele
sire disarmament to be I gun by th
very peoples who. of all others, should
not le left helpless lie fore any iosslble
fen. But we must reprobate quite as
sttongly lioth the lead. -is anil the peoples
who prae-t!se. or iicoui.";e er condone,
aggre'ssjon and Iniquity by the strong at
the evpense of tlie weak. We should tol
erate lawlessness and wickedness neither
by tlie weak nor by the strong: and both
weak ami strong we should in return
treat with si rupuloiis fairness. The for
eign policy of a great and self-reupee tins
country should be conducted oil exactly
the same plane of honor, of insistence
upon one's own rights nnd of rfsjM-ct for
the tights of others, as when a btave and
honeirable man Is dealing with his fel
lows Permit me to support this state
ment out of my own experience. For
ne.irlv eight vears I was tie h. ad of a
great nation anel charged especially with
the conduit eef Its foreign polle V .ei"l
luring those vears I took no action with
rcferenc" to unv other pe-ople on tie- face
fif the e-arth that I would not have felt
Justified in taking as an individual in
dealing with other Individuals
I believe that we of the great civilized
nations of today have right to feel tliat
long careers of achievement lie before
our jsevcral countr'es. To each of us is
voiie hsafe-d the honorable privileg.. of fin
ing Ms part, however small, in that work.
I.et us strive hardily for sucee.ss. ev.n if
by so lining we ris': failure, spurning
the poorer souls of small endetvor who
know neither failure nor success. l.t us
hope that our own blood shall continue
in the land, that our children and chil
dren's children to endless .generations
shall arise to take our places and play a
miglitv and dominant pirt in the world.
But whether this be eli-nl.-d or granted bv
the vears we shall not s . let at le-at
the satisfaction be ours that we- have
carried onward the li-htcd torch In our
own day and general: u. If vve do t'us.
then, as our ey.-s close, and we go out
into the darkness, and other hands grasp
the torch, at least we can say that our
part has been borne well and valiantly.
of time. Yes. we are. great God. if
our sages tell us the truth, the mas
terpiece, the aim. of all Thy work!
Cats are dangerous and prompt :o de
vour, but it is to Instruct and correct
us!" Voltaire.
Common Law.
The common law of England Is an
ancient collection of unwritten max
ims and customs of British. Saxon and
Danish origin, which, by long use and
approval, have become fundamental in
English jurisprudence. Many of the
principles of the English common law
hold in this country and throughout
the English speaking world as well.
Romance.
"It seems she did something rather
odd wedded her first love or some
such silly thing." "No. It was far
more remarkable loved her first wed
ded." Smart Set.
Another View of It.
There is a quality of possible re
venge in having stuck like a porous
plaster to an unworthy friend. It hurt
uim all right when you do pull away
finally. Puck.
WOMEN'S ILLS.
Many women who suffer with back
ache, bearing-down pain, headaches
and nervousness do not know that
these ailments are usually due to
trouble with the
kidneys. D o a n ' 8
Kidney Pills re
move the cause.
Mrs. Joseph
Cross, Church St,
Morrilton, Ark.,
says: "For weeks
I was bent double
by pain in my back
and the kiduey se
cretions were pro
fuse. My feet and
ankles were badly swollen and I bad
headaches and dizzy spells. Six doc
tors treated me without relief and I
finally began taking Doan's Kidney
Pills. They cured me."
Remember the name Doan's.
For sale by all dealers. 50 cents a
box. Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, N.Y.
Diplomacy.
Here is a story about a diplomatic
negro waiter; also about two well
known Kansas men, who can go by
the names of Smith and Jones, just to
tell the yarn.
Smith and Jones look much alike
and are frequently taken for each
other. One day Smith was in a cer
tain big hotel not a thousand miles
from Kansas City and went into tho
dining room for dinner. The negro
waiter busily brushed off the crumbs
and said: "Why, how is you. Mr.
Jones, how is you? l's glad to see you.
1 hasu't teen you since I waited on
your table when you ail used to have
a little game upstaihs."
'Tin fraid you are mistaken." said
Smith, very quickly. ".My name isn't
Junes. You liae the wrong man."
"Ntiff said: nuff said." smiled the ne
gro, with much bowing and scraping.
"All knows all right when to keep
inah motif slut; Ah knows all right,
Mr. Jones." Kansas City Journal.
Her Laugh Broke.
She was a little fairy of seven, with
eyes like diamonds and hair like spun
gold, and she w: r;::!ping with a half
dozen plrvtunte.- Touching a fine
looking youngster on the shoulder,
t-he challenged him with, "You can't
catch me." Off they started, she twist
ing and dodging with the dexterity of
a half-back on a football team, and he
following her every movement in close
pursuit. The excitement of tho chase
made her scream with laughter. Thu
littl: fugitive finally brough tip
against a fence, breathless and pant
ing, and her pursuer, throwing his
arms about her, s-hontetl: "There. I've
caught ou!" "Oh. yes." gasped tho
little faiiy. "but it was 'cause my
L'ttigh bruke and ! couldn't run any
more."
$100 Reward, $100.
Tbe reiKler nf th! paper will be eitairel tn lem
thai the-re fci at Irast one arraitrel elm-u- that wie-nce
has bre-n alr to itirc la a'l Its t.-n-. and that ts
Catarrh. Hairs t'atirrh lure- is - oily puntivc
exje now Kiot:i to lis me-fUra! t-i'ernity. t rlarra
txlcg a e-j.ititutoa.U eloei-r. rr-.;-irrj a roi.titu
thinki trrai'ne-at. It ill's catarrh jr. b taki-n ln-
trmallv. artlaz e'.lreTtiy ujica th- I1.0M ami muroits
furfit-.-s er tr ijMrn. thr: t) elestmvinc the
foundation ot the elo-s-'e. ar.il nlvt ic U ro'Wnt. 1
trrncth by bulMlng up the priltutten ami asit- I
Jut nature In elnirg Its work. The proprlflf.r hare j
niurh futh tn Its curative pors that tfcey otter
One lluidmt Hollars fe.r ntir cue that It tails to
cure. tnil for lut of tr-ttraoniai)
AiMrrsS 1". J. c'W M:V k CO- Toledo. O.
Hold bj- all Iiniszfct. T.V.
Talc liaUa FoinUy I'll! tor eonstlssUoa.
Perspiring Vegetation.
The eyes of a little Washington
miss were attracted by the sparkle of
dew at early morning. ".Mamma," she
exclaimed: "It's hotter'n 1 thought it
was M ,
"What do ou mean?"
"Look hero, the grass is all covered
ftith perspiration." Uaptist Common
wealth. AM Tired Out.
Do you fe-fl dull, occasionally out of
irt? Headaches anel Pizzlnei-s? The
fault is c-Ithe-r with your stomach or your
liver. The safe, sure and eay way to j;rt
ri.l of e-ithiT truiil.le ! to take- XATl'RK'S
UK.MKHY. Take an XII T.ihlet to nlcht '
It will swe-c-ten the stomach and n-sulate
the llvi-r. kldnevn anil bowels. Easy-sure
to act. 0-t u 2.e Box. The A. II. Lwis
Medicine Co.. St. 1-ouls. Mo.
Net in the Agreement.
Daniel had been cast into the lions
Jen.
"My main objection." he said, as he
playfully tweaked a lion's mane, "is
that I zret no nun ing-pict tire royalties."-
-Puck.
Important to Mothers
Examine, carefully every bottle of
CASTOKIA, a safe and sure remedy for
infants and children, nnd see that it
! io 4 tin
Signature of Ubx&tt4rtcUM
In "Use For Over JIO Years.
The Kind You Have Always Bought
Such a Difference!
"Your daughter plays very sucetly
on the piano.'
"That's my wife playing."
"I know it." i'irmingham Age
Il.'rahL Itrit. V.'rak, Weary. Watery Rjrea.
l-li. e.l liv Murine Kyi U-n.til. Trv
Mu. if.. I'.ir Your Kvr- Troubles. Yu Will
Like Miinni'. It Sonth. UW at Your
PruKsis-ts Wr.te For Kye H.h.k-. Free.
Mutltie Kye itcmeIy Co.. Chicago.
Hearsay Evidence.
Mrs. I"ru-t How's your husband?
Mrs. Snow Tho members of his
club sny he is looking splendid. Life.
No man ran love evil lor evil's safc
as he can loves good for goodness'
sake. Schiller
Tin Fitt-fiinj; fin, -lit v m I.iwt-" Sin
lo l.ineler. found in no e.tlirr jc cigar.
Thoe who are untrue to themselves
r.r lalse to others.
When You Think
Of the pain which many women experience with every
month it makes t.ie gcntlcncs. and kindness nlrrays associ
ated with womanhood seem to be almost a miracle.
While in general no woman rebels against what she re
gards as natural necessity there is no woman who would
cot gladly be free from this recurring period of pain.
Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription makes
veaJr women strong and sick womem
well, and tives them freedom from pain.
It establishes reHolarity, aabdaes laflam
matlom, heals mlceratlom and cares to
male weakness
Sick women are invited to consult Dr. Pierce by letter,
frte. All correspondence strictlr orivate and sacredlv
confidential. Write without fear and without fee to World's Dispensary Med
seal Association, R. V. Pierce, M. D., President, Bufalo, N. Y.
If you want a book that tells all about woman's diseases, and bow to ear
them at home, send 21 one-cent stamps to Dr. Pierce to pay cost of nailiaf
enly, and be will seed you a free copy of his great thousand-page illustrated
Common Sense Medical Adviser revised, up-to-date editioa, ia paper coven
la handsome cloth-biading, 31 stamps.
The
original and
Syrup of Figs
Senna, known
world as the best
for men, women and children, always
has the full name cf
Cirmn C 'n nf'ntorl
g every package. It
leading druggists
size only, regular
per bottle. The
times offered are
and do not
therefore,
. 4
lino il
.. . -w VtlV.llt.lV4.
ir
Why Have an Overheated
Kitchen in Summer?
When the sultry days come and the coal range
makes the kitchen almost unbearable and cooking a
dreaded task, put out tlie range fire and try the
newest method of cooking in hot weather use a
New PerAction.
Oil Cook-stove
What a contrast! The kitchen no longer is
stifling hot, the work is now done with comfort, and
the housewife is not worn out with the heat.
M CMtloMrylMeBesnrey
Standard
(tacerporatcd )
liHiHHiiHiBBHB
i
i
Glorious
No one can say he has seen the world
until he has seen "Colorado."
Write for the books that
picture and describe it
Electric block signals dining car meals
and service "Best in the World"
via the
Union Pacific
"The Safe Road
Ask abotit ow persoaaHy conducted tours to Yellowstone National Park
For full information, tickets, etc., address
E. L. LOMAX, G. P. A.
Union Pacific R. R. Co.
Omaha, Nebraska
rr4
Understood the Sex.
Ills Daughter Daddy, you were
twenty-five when this was taken,
weren't you? Why, you might have
sat for it yesterday.
Her Father M'yes; your mother's
own daughter. Well. well, you'll find
it on tho table. I think.
I Hi. Daughter Find what, daddy,
darling?
Hor Father The checkbook, my
own Iamb.
aaaaaV aa 'ijfift
lJB&7 i -t
Wi thlbUl) vi&rtz
mm ! mm
Baawafcaa S"iA Ji
Jr wM
genuine
and Elixir of
throughout the
cf family laxatives,
the California Fig
wi tl-n frnnf nf
is fcr sale by all
everywhere, one
price 50 cents
imitations some
of inferior quality
give satisfaction;
should be
She saves her strength, keeps
her health and is better able to
enjoy the summer.
Ths New Perfection does everything
that any other stove can do all the fam
ily cooking, baking, washing and iron
ing. No smoke, no dust, no odor. Kcat
13 applied directly and not wasted. A
turn, and the flame is out.
The New Perfection stove has
Cabinet Top with shelf for keeping
plates and food hot drop shelves fcr
the coffee pot or saucepans, and nickeled
towel racks.
It has long turqaoise-blue enamel
chimneys. Ths nickel finish, with the
bright blue of the chitnney3, makes th
stove wry attractive and invites clean
liness. Made with 1, 2 and 3 burners;
the 2 and 3-bumer stoves can be cad
with or without Cabinet.
KTrrTi!ea!ereTrrj7Wtie'r: If net atyttn.rtferci
Icriilive CircnUr to tlie liuucM Sjc
Oil Company
Colorado
ffil
WESTERN CANADA
What Cavarnor Deneen, of ..fools.
ays ADout it:
fIoren:orlkai-e.n.orH!inol. own a -
'ion ot ir-iei ia MJ.J.U .(etai.
.in. In. ll't Jloj u J in
un iatcrvi.:
"A nn Arar!r n I rra
Cfl"ht1 to. Fi-e? t!o re
mnr?.il..o ..-ocrrn.t ejf
lSih:crn t'.n .i .. e)nr
pee jl'jitirfli-):iii nra
t"'!- . iiirr in .hem
re.nile. nn 1 1 hive- rrr. jit
Cat eic.j win) e'-3ittfl
Ihcy nre hit ;. . .
1 re-re ih re ire vri-n-uniiy
in . i' ,.,..-,,r
Va..fa en hi ... 1 f
nt h rprt i v j'i f imvtu
S.i?l'alcliiR aa or AJtVutw
125 MiiricB Sachcls of
Whsst in 1309
XTaa r-.n i- ar i m
J- aV. i.j.j. . r- AiAft.
-! w r Mit !. ...fu..r -....
nnel pre..-riipU.)ii4 vt ir.Ot.rr-
."" .in ucre. itAHTjy nml
IJxr.il i,..ii!e. I.are !.! f.r .,;
n.trtn.-onat.Ii.,rire-v Al in rnu
cr li.e.t. paid for tholr 1 id; nut
ot the nriiiU of eine ntt.
Milonellel f-llmute. coexl M'liuot.
Jiie-ll.it rnllwi.y fof-i'tt'e.iotv
fse-iciit nte-. M.toet, nater owl
Illlltlwr e-a.llr ohtnlneet.
nr pamphlet "Lam U.-t tV-"
Purucularn w to .aitatile) locution
20,,..,0". Ttt'V.,V nt' PPl to
B3pt of Immicrmtiou. Ottawa.
Ccn., or to Canxtiaa Gov't AcuiU
W. V. BENNETT
irifr. ftBa.hk.
ti eartitynneartyon) (Of
H WmVA Wmiwr.Pii.fMii.WMk.
PI I EH I 4 Incton.D U. Buok-eire 1 1 1.,
w w w - n. usi
Ktatacea Btu nauluv
W. N. U.f OMAHA, NO. 23-1910. r
is!
aaaVtaHHl
i 4
i
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