olumbus goximal.
Coluiabua. Vfebr.
Consolidated with the Columbus Times April
1, 1904; with the Platte County Argus January
1.1BM.
tfatacadattfce Poatoaoe.ColambBa.Nsbr.,a8
toond-claas mail matter.
nuts ovbubsourxob:
Oaarasr.br stall, eoatat pnpald ..SLM
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WKDNEBDAY. APBIL 27, 1010.
8TBOTHEB A STOCKWELL. Proprietors.
KkNKWALB The date opposite you name on
soar paper, or wrapper shows to what time your
sabecription is paid. Thus JanOS shows that
payrneat Las been reoelred ap to Jan. 1, 1906,
FebOa to Feb. 1,1985 and so on. When payment
1p made, tbe data, which answers as a reoaipt,
will be ohaated aosordiacly.
UiiJCONTINUANCEJJ-ltesponsible sabecrib
ers will eoatiaae to receire this Joamalantil the
pabllshen are notified by letter to discontinue,
when all arxearaces mBstbepaid.lt you do not
wish the Joarnal continued for another year af
ter the time paid for has expired, yon shoald
preTioaaly aotify na to disooatuae it.
CUANQE III ADDREBS-When orderinc a
jhange la the address.sabscribers should be sure
to ive their old as well as their new address.
PROSPEROUS UNCLE SAM.
Like the railroads and the great
industrial corporations and like the
vast majority of small business con
cerns, the federal government is en
joying a great increase in income and
is finding it much easier to keep its
outgo down nearly to the limits of its
receipts. There is a fair chance that
the balance will soon be on the right
side. The growth of the national re
venues is many sided. It is greatest
in the customs receipts, but it is large
in internal taxes, especially on spiritu
ous liquors. There is a remarkable
gain, likewise in postoffice income.
The indications are that the fiscal
year which ends with June will close
with only a small defiicit by compari
sou with the figures of the preceding
year. The actual difference between
revenues and expenditures may be re
duced almost to nothing. At the end
of March it was only about $12,000,
000, and there had been a large sur
plus for that month. As for the post
office department, at the end of the
first half of the fiscal year there was a
deficit of a little more than S4.000.000
in the corresponding part of the pre
vious fiscal year. The second quarter
had shown a good surplus, and the end
of the year may find the receipts and
expenses of the department nearly
balanced. Cleveland Leader.
LAW AND RISING RATES
The railroads of the country, espe
cially those of the trunk line system,
are certain before long to turn to an
advance in freight rates to increase re
venue. Their current supplies aud equip
ment are both higher. They have
been forced to advance wages from 0
to 10 per cent. The efficiency of labor
has not increased. No fewer employ
es are needed. Heavy issues of shares
and bonds have added to the demands
for dividends and to fixed charges.
Almost every thing else is being ad
vanced, and it is natural for railroads
to expect railroad freight rates to rise
also.
But under the Hepburn act a rail
road must justify each advance it
makes before the interstate commerce
commission first and the circuit court
or the new commerce court, if it is pro
vided, afterward. A common carrier
cannot advance charges because other
things have advanced. It must prove
thatits own business required for a rea
sonable return on its capital, measured
by all the conditions, taking into ac
count among them its own dividends in
the past and fixed charges require.
Philadelphia Press.
PROFESSIONAL GREED.
Clifford W. Hartridge, the New
York attorney, evidently over-reached
in his effort to pot a large segment of
the Thaw estate. When there is a
good fortune in reach, it appears that
sometimes the best lawyers may cross
the boundaries.
Hartridge sued the Thaws for $92,
000, after having already received
$32,000 for his services in the murder
trial. He has been defeated by a jury
and dragged over the coals by Judge
Holt, who presided at the trial. In
fact, he faces the penalties of perjury
and the possibility of disbarment
In proving the justice of his extraor
dinary demands, Hartridge testified
that he paid large sums to silence
about 200 young women who might
have appeared as witnesses at the
murder trial. In this, the court, re
ferring the affair to the district attor
ney, says the lawyer appears to have
incriminated himself by obstructing
justice. The only way out of this
dilemma is to admit he falsified in his
testimony of hush money, and ahead of
him here stands a perjury charge.
Either course opens him to the shame
of professional misconduct
"Whatever the traffic will bear,"
aeema to be the motto of most Iawvers. I
They do not consider it questionable to
demand a heavy fee from anybody who
is able to pay it, any more than they
hesitate to take either aide of a case
that offers itself first Attempts have
been made from time to time to estab
lish a code of ethics to be followed by
the profession. It is not only a good
sign, but it is evidence also that the
profession needs uplifting. The pres
ent unwritten law that permits ex
traordinary charges, such as the Hart
ridge bill, is not likely to stand up
well against the criminal code. The
lesson of greed not only curbed bnt
severely punished will be salutary.
Lincoln Star.
TOPEKA'S NEW MAYOR.
Not in years has Topeka been so
thoroughly stirred over the actions of
its mavor as it is now over the attitude
of Mr. Billard, who was elected weekswhere the two hundred or more Oath
ago.
Never have the people encountered
such a strict
official as he.
laws should be
obnoxious they
or anyone else,
poses to enforce
law enforcement
He says that all
enforced, however
may be to him
and that he pur
them in the hope
that when the bluest of the blue laws
are put in effect the people themselves
will see their unreasonableness and de
mand their repeal.
In recent years mayors have been
elected in Topeka on the law enforce
ment issue. Nearly all of them have
carried out their pledges just so far as
they believed their actions would lie
approved by the people, and no furth
er. But Billard did not have this cry
raised for him. In fact, the very op
posite was true. Both daily papers, as
well as nearly all the clergyman in
town, called attention to the fact that
Billard was treasurer of the Union
League, an organization formed to
work for the repeal of the prohibitory
law. They said that Topeka would be
"wide open" and loose in morals under
his rule; that saloons would become as
common as they had been in Leaven
worth and Wichita, and that to elect
an atheist, as Mr. Billard was declared
to be, would have a Iwd effect upon
the faith in a supreme being of the
growing -youth.
Billard answered practically noth
ing except to call attention to his half
century residence in Topeka and to
ask if there had ever been any charges
against his business and personal in
tegrity. Billard was elected. Then came
the awakening. Instead of'favoriug
a "wet" town it is said that he gave
his new chief of police this casual in
struction: "Toeka has been supposed to be a
dry town. It hasn't been. But you
will see to it that it is made dry ab
solutely dry while we are in office.
Don't temporize. By dry I mean
DRY."
Then he looked over the Sunday
anti-labor ordinance. He concluded-
that the law was unjust as it interfered
with a man's personal liberty, more
especially because enforcers of the law
permitted one class of people to work
on the Sabbath while they prohibited
another class. He demanded that the
law be repealed. He sounded the
commissioners and found that a major
ity were against him. They were for
the ordinance.
He said:
"We will let the people decide."
He started petitions calling for a
special election upon the repeal
of this law. Yesterday he made his
most startling declaration. To a re
porter for The Star he indicated that
if the people voted for the Sunday
anti-labor law there would be nothing
for him to do except enforce it, indi
eating at the same time that street
cars would stop running on the Lord's
day; the Sunday newspaper would
have to come out on some other day;
Sunday sermons would have to be
preached on a week day; smokers
would have to buy their stock of cigars
Saturday night; soda water fiends
would have to quench their thirst up
on some other day than the first day,
and that livery rigs and saddle horses
will be kept in their barns from mid
night Saturday night until 12 o'clock
Sunday night.
In fact, a great Sunday peace and
quiet will settle over Topeka if the
ordinance is not repealed and Mayor
Billard is able to enforce it
"The mayor's duty," he said, "is to
enforce laws as he finds them on the
books. It makes no difference whether
he approves of these laws or not nd
I'll confess that some of them are
obnoxious to me personally. But that
makes no difference. I'm going to see
that they are enforced. When a blue
law is strictly enforced for all alike
there is apt to be a revolution, and
that's what I hore for."
The ministers of Topeka say that
they do not take the mayor's veiled
threats eerbusly, as no court in the
land would uphold an attempt to stop
the preaching of the Lord's word on
his dav. That is as far as thev will
discuss the matter. Kansas City Star.
TUB NEW FEDERAL
PRISON AT LEAVENWORTH
In case you are ever invited to lec
ture at the new Federal prison at
Leavenworth, accept, for you are rare
to have a good audience; over a thous
and. And it is apt to be an apprecia
tive audience, too, since the prisoner!
are always glad to get out of their
cells, and go to the chapel The
chapel will interest you; it will remind
you of the Auditorium theatre in Chi
cago. It is trimmed in white marble,
and the seats are of the best modern
make. There is an enormous stage,
with many dressing rooms. In the
rear of the stage is a Catholic chapel,
olic nrisoners attend services. All
sorts of dramatic and musical enter
tainments are given in the chapel,
particularly on holidays, and occas
ionally there is a minstrel show given
by the prisoners and officers There
is an excellent orchestra of twelve
men. All the players, except one,
were prisoners, and the one exception,
who played a first violin, was an officer.
The leader of the orchestra was a
banker, there being thirty-eight men
of that profession in the institution.
One of them, John R. Walsh, of
Chicago, at one time worth twenty mil
lion dollars, and is still a neb man.
He is in for five years, which time may
be reduced to three years and a half
by good behavior. And it is safe to
assume that he will be well behaved,
and getcredit for a year and a half.
I once visited the state penitentiary at
Lansing, aiid was much impressed by
the prisoners marching into the hall,
to the strains of a brass band in the
rear end of the hall. But at the Fed
eral prison recently, the men. marched
into a modern theatre, and occupied
comfortable theatre seats, and the
scene was not so impressive. The
prisoners in the state penitentiary
looked superior to those at the Federal
prison, where I saw many vicious look
iug men. A t Lansing, it seemed to me
that the prisoners looked as well as
any audience composed of twelve or
fourteen hundred men might look. At
the Federal prison, you are impressed
with the great number of negroes,
Recently, seventy-five prisoners were
received from Washington, D. C. All
of them were negroes, except six. The
bass player in the orchestra is a negro;
in the kitchen, I saw a negro without
legs. This man was sent up for bur
glary! Imagine the impudence of a
man without legs to use in running,
adopting the profession of a burglar!
One out of every three prisoners at the
Federal prison at Leavenworth is a
negro. The men sat in rows of six.
In one row in front of me, all were
negroes. In the next row, four of six
were negroes. In addition to the 318
negroes ,in the institution, there are 75
Indians. 2 Jans. 1 Chinaman, and 8
Mexicans. The total number of pris
oners is 1,044. Prisoners are coming
and going all the time; every year,
from four to five hundred are discharg
ed. But the population is steadily
increasing.
The Federal penitentiary at Leav
enworth is the finest of its kind in the
world. A prison is building at Sing
Sing, New York, that will be as fine,
but it will not be completed for many
years.
The outer walls of the Federal
prison at Leavenworth are thirty
three feet high, and when a visitor
arrives one iron gate is closed behind
him before another is opened. I went
down in an automobile. When we
stopped in front of the east gate, a
guard, with a gun on his shoulder,
asked: "Mr. Howe?" I acknowledged
my name, and he motioned to four men
who were in charge of the outer gate.
an enormous iron affair, to open it
We moved into a court, and the great
iron gate was closed behind us. Then
the other gate was opened, and we
passed into the prison- yard, with
armed men looking down into it from
towers on top of the wall.
After the chapel exercises, I walked
about with the warden. While in one
of the great cell houses, the prisoners
were coming in from the chapel. The
cells are in tiers, five stories high, one
on top of another. On every cell door
was the name of two prisoners. Two
brothers occupied one cell, and I ex
pressed surprise that two brothers
should be in the institution, whereupon
the warden told me there were three
of them; their offense was counter
feiting. One hundred and twenty
eight of the prisoner" are in for life.
Eight of these engaged in a revolt
several years ago, and killed a guard.
At that time, the institution wan being
built, and there was nothing to hold
the prisoners except a wooden stock
ade. Practically all the work on the
prison was done by the prisoners
As the prisoners filed along the corri
dors, they locked themselves in, by
sliding the automatic doors into their
fastenings. All the doors are released J
with one movement ef a lever, by a
guard. In every cell there are two
beds, and every cell is flitted with
waskwtaad and water closet Also, in
every edh'thara is an air shaft, with
forced draft upward, while outside, in
the wall of the big cell house, are fre
quent air shafts with forced draft to
supply the building with fresh air.
Not one private home in a dozen is
kept as clean as this prison. In the
kitchen, an attendant gave us samples
of the food being served for dinner,
then about' ready. The kitchen is
finished throughout in white tile, and
white marble abounds everywhere.
The bakery is the most modern I have
ever visited, the finish in white tile,
and everything as clean as in Spotless
Town. Around great hotelsand great
institutions, there is usually a spot
where neatness is notably lacking. In
many institutions, and in most private
homes, there is a place back of the
kitchen where you do not expect
cleanliness. But there is no such
plague spot around the new Federal
prison at Leavenworth. Flies do not
receive much encouragement in this
institution. Every house keeper could
get suggestions by visiting this prison.
The women will say: "The warden
ought to keep things clean; he has
everything to 'do' with, and plenty of
help." That's true; all the work is
done by prisoners, and they can't quit
at any time they see fit But men in
charge of the big institutions often fail
to keep things neat, and give satisfac
tion. You are probably familiar with
the manner in which the wolves chase
the head men of big institutions. The
wolves have been after Warden R. 6.
McClaughry thirty-five years, and
they haven't caught him yet; he has
been noted as a prison official that
many years. He served in the Army
of the Tennessee as a major in the
188th Illinois volunteer infantry; then
he became warden of the Illinois pen
itentiary; then he was superintendent
of the Pennsylvania industrial refor
matory, and later of the Illinois refor
matory; for two years he was chief of
police of Chicago; then he was re
appointed warden of the Illinois peni
tentiary, and in 1899, was appointed
to his present position. He is a noted
authority on prison matters, and has
written and lectured a great deal on
the subject He escorted me around
the place, and we stopped near the
great stone working shop. The war
den talked, and I listened, and his talk
was very interesting; I imagine he
quoted at times, unconsciously, from
some of his lectures. He is an enthu
siast intelligent, and has been a prison
official thirty-five years. Besides, he
is a kindly man; his attitude toward
the prisoners seemed fatherly and
friendly. He is seventy years old; I
remember he told me John R. Walsh
was three years older, and Walsh is
seventy-three. I could have spent
half a day listening to the warden talk
about prisoners, but he wanted to show
me the prisoners at dinner, and took
me to the dining room.
The orchestra which had played at
the chapel exercise, was playing in the
great dining room. One thousand and
forty-four men seated at dinner in an
enormous room, and everything as
clear as soap and water, and plenty of
scrubbing could make it We went
into a gallery overlooking the room.
I asked to see John R. Walsh, the
noted prisoner from Chicago; who was
once worth twenty million dollars, and
owned the Chicago Chronicle, a na
tional bank, a trust company, and sev
eral railroads. The warden did not
point him put but took me into a room
back of the gallery, and explained how
I might pick out the noted prisoner.
Look, he said, at the second group on
the right; in the second row, the fourth
man from the end was John R. Walsh.
We returned to the gallery, and I eas
ily picked out Walsh, a small man with
smooth-shaven face; a man worth all
the other men in the room, including
the visitor, if judged by energy, and
natural ability; a man who at one time
was one of the really big men of won
derful Chicago, but now a prisoner
eating his dinner with a thousand and
forty-four other convicts, one third of
them negroes. Walsh was doing well
with his national bank and trust com-
a
oanv. but began buiiamg nuiroaus.
The other railroads fought him, and
he got into financial difficulty. While
in this financial difficulty, he violated
the hanking law, and, after a long trial,
was seat to the penitentiary for five
years; every reader of newspapers will
remember the ease. The warden kaew
Walsh thirty-five years ago, and says
he is doing well in prison, physically,
bat that the tease of loneliness that
overcomes the man mast be something
terrible. He is an old man, and not
very well, and hasn't much to do; he
reads newspapers, and clips criminal
items which are used in some way in
the prison library. He :ooms with
Bigelow, another erring banker, from
Milwaukee, but their room is larger
than the rooms in the cell houses
Walsh wears a star on his right breast,
which means that he can be trusted to
walk anywhere about the priam yard
without a guard. Walsh has a sou, a
railroad man, who comes to see him
frequently. This son is a very prom
ising man, and devoted to his father.
Mrs. Walsh also comes to see her hus
band frequently. Walsh must see his
wife and son in the presence of the
warden or his deputy, and probably
the warden-ami his deputy are kinder
to this unfortunate old man than they
are to younger men who have com
mitted murders While the war
den was talking about prison affair,
out by the stone-cutting shop, I recall
his saying that many of the prisoners
do not mind confinement as much as
people generally imagine. They live
better than they ever lived before, and
their punishment is lighter than they
had reason to expect They had vici
ous minds, and a vicious mind always
considers the possibility of prison.
But to John R. Walsh, imprisonment,
and being stared at by visitors, must
be terrible Walsh wears a star on
his right breast, which means that he
has sense enough to behave himself.
What a pity he didn't wear that star
years ago, in Chicago! For the most
pitiful thing I saw at the prison was
this kind faced old man eating his din
ner with one thousand and fourty-four
other prisoners, a hundred and fifty of
them in for life for murder. Walsh's
bank failed, but all the depositors were
paid. It is said that when he got into
financial difficulty, he had property
worth twenty million dollars. The
other Chicago banks looked over his
property, and agreed to pay the de
positors in his bank and trust company.
In doing this.his assets were practically
wiped out, leaving him with possibly a
half trillion dollars Walsh con
eluded several years ago, that he need
ed a newspaper organ. He started the
Chicago Chronicle, and it lost him a
million and a quarter dollars. Final
ly it suspeded, although it was one of
the best newspapers in the country.
But everyone knew it was an organ,
and people had no confidence in it
There isn't a newspaper organ in ex
istence that has any influence If I
were president, I would pardon John
R. Walsh. So the people had better
not elect me.
During his experience as a prison
official, Warden McClaughry had re
leased twenty thousand prisoners.
How many of these men return to
crime? Warden McClaughry thinks
about half. The other halfsecure
small positions, and live modestly and
quietly until they die. There are sev
eral societies devoted to helping con
victs when they regain their freedom.
The warden says that the most helpless
man in the world is the convict who
has been given his liberty.
Ever occur to you that most of the
crimes are committed by men? The
United States has thirty-eight hund
red prisoners in its several penitentiar
ies, and of this number only fifty are
women. Considering the number of
whites and blacks in the United
States, one third of the prisoners at the
new Federal prison at Leavenworth
should not be negroes; that number is
too high, indicating that negroes com
mit more crime than whites. But
think of the fact that out of thirty
eight hundred prisoners, only fifty are
women! All the others men! Does
n't that statement make the
scream? E. W. Howe.
men
The Eyes of a Baa.
Every bee bas two kinds of eyes
tbe two large cotupouud ones looking
like hemispheres ou either side, and
the three simple ones which crown the
top of his head. Each compound eye
Js composed of 3.50U facets that is to
say, an object is reflected 3.500 times
on Its surface. Every one of these
facets Is the base of an inverted hex
agonal pyramid whose apex is fitted
to tbe bend. Eacu pyramid may be
termed an eye, for each has Its own
iris and optic nerve. How these in
sects manage this marvelous numler
of eyes Is not yet known. They are
Immovable, but mobility is unnecessary
because of the range of vision afford
ed by the position aud the number of
facets. They bare no lids, but are
protected from dust and injury by
rows of bnirs growing along the lines
at the junctions of the facets. The
simple eyes are supposed to have been
given tbe bee to enable it to see above
Its bead when Intent upon gathering
honey from the eur3 cf flowers. Prob
ably this may be one reason, but it is
likely there are otber uses for them
not yet ascertained. Pearson's Week
ly.
The General Opinion.
Belle How silly men act when tbey
propose! Why. Jack acted like a per
fect fool!
Nell That's what everybody thought
when your engagement was announc
ed! Medern Criticism.
"How do you like my portrait of ner
highness?"
"Fine! Nothing .to criticise but a
light resemblance." Fliegende Blat
ter. Do not grudge to pick out treasures
from an earthen pot. Herbert.
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Plaid and Tartan.
Will tbe southron ever learn that
"plakl" Is not a syuonym for "tartan?"
Not long ago an Englishman came into
a hosier's establishment in Glasgow
and asked a man behind tbe counter
to show him some "plaid ties." The
atteudant, perhaps wondering what
this new aud weird article of wear
ing apparel could be, was completely
baffled until explanation elicited th
fact that a necktie with a tartan de
sign was required. Dickens, too, is a
sinner in this respect, for be makes
Bob Sawyer say with regard to wheth
er his political proclivities are "buff"
or "blue" "I'm a kind of plaid at
present, a compound of all sorts of
colors." Moreover, an English dic
tionary gives an adjectival meaning
of "plaid" as "colored in squares."
I've never heard such use In Scotland.
Has any one else? Scottish Field.
Human Nature.
"Queer thing about men. Isn't it?"
remarked the thoughtful thinker.
"What's queer about 'em?' asked
the innocent bystander.
"Why." rejoined the t. t.. "a man
will sit on a log half a day waiting
for a fish to bite, but be won't wait
three minutes for his wife to get ready
for church." Denver News.
How He Lost It.
"How did that man lose bis su
premacy at home?"
"His wife probably tried to phone
him at tbe office one day and tbe of
fee couldn't understand tbe name."
Buffalo Express.
The greatest advertisement
lands is contained in the present
cost of living. Our population
beyond the ratio of increased
owns a farm is surer today than
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and worth to him. Nearly a million immigrants come annu
ally to this country. The west is increasing in population at
the rate of half a million a year. The man who owns a 30 or
40-acre worn-out farm in Europe is considered independent.
yet THE WEST OFFERS YOU320-ACRE TRACTS OF MON-
DELL LANDS OR 80-ACRE TRACTS OF GOVERNMENT
IRRIGATED LAND, AT A PRICE THAT COMES NEAR
BEING A GIFT.
With the absolute certainty that these lands will be beyond
the reach of the homesteader in a few years. IT WILL PAY
YOU TO GET HOLD OF A WESTERN FARM for yourself or
your son before it is too late. Get in touch with me.
D. CLEM
B9
Old Books
Rebound
In lact, for anything in tbe book
binding line bring your work to
Journal
Phone
Keeping the Pledge.
"Your honor." pleaded a woman hi
a police court. "1 am the mother of six
children. Lust week this man came
home, and be dkl uot give me a cent
of his wink's pay. Ever since that
time be has lieen doing nothing but
drink, aud lie won't work, so 1 want
you to give him a good long senlence."
"Your honor." said the man. "if
you'll let me go this time I'll sign the
peldge for five years aud"
"Don't you l.t hiui do it. Judge." hot
ly broke in the womau. "1 was easy
with hiui last time, and he took the
pledge, but didn't keep it"
"Sure, your honor. 1 did keep it."
said the man.
"Yes. your honor, he kept it all
right." broke iu the woman again
"He swore that he wouldn't drink any
more whisky, but the next ulght he
came home drunk on beer." Philadel
phia Telegraph.
On rns Own.
"While 1 was eugagp;! to her sh
made me give up drinking, smokiug
and golf. Last of all. 1 gave up some
thing ou my own account."
"What was that?"
"The kM "-Judge's Library.
Feminine Bliss.
A woman's idea of paradise: A poet
etbook full of money, a bargain salt
and she the only ..customer lu the store
Smart Set.
When thou wisiiest to delight thy
self thjnk of the virtues of those wb-j
livr with thee. Marcus Aurelius.
ever given to western farm
discussion regarding the high
and its demands has increased
soil products. The man who
ever before of its future value
DEAVER. General rlfent
1004 Famam Street, Omaha, Heir.
Office
184
rr