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SIEM BOOTH
IS 88 YEARS OLD
SALVATION. ARMY CELEBRATES
THE ANNIVERSARY.
ALL LANDS OO HIM. HONOR
f tl-ll
Day tsJsarfceaVin America hjrfcaeneh
inf of His Man for a University
ef Humanity.
- .
New York. With great mass meet
ings in every city and rejoicing wher
ever its soldiers are found, the Salva
tion Army on Saturday celebrated the
eightieth birthday of its founder and
commander-in-chief. Gen. William
Booth. AH the Christian world par
ticipated in the occasion, for every
where the venerable philanthropist Is
honored for his deeds for unfortunate
humanity.
Gen. Booth himself presided over
several monster mass meetings in
Ixmdon. His advanced age and the
fact that he was operated oh recently
for cataract did not deter him from
taking part 1b the celebrations held by
his devoted soldiers.
University off Humanity Launched.
In America the day was marked
specially by, the launching of another
of Gen. Bcotks .original schemes for
social reform in the United States.
At every post of tbe army was an
nounced the beginning of work to
found a University of Humanity, a
great institute for the training of
workers in social service. The uni
versity will be divided between New
York and Chicago, and it is expected
to begin with a fund of $1,000,000. The
gathering of this fund is the work
that the army now enters upon in com
memoration of its Tamous leader's
completion of his eightieth year.
As a much-needed stone in the great
organisational structure that William
Booth has keen building during the
past 4? years, this idea of a school
homes, nursing, Samaritan brigades.
hospital .and benevolent visitation, po
lice court work and Indiaa school
training. , l -'-
No other religious organization in
the world's history has branched out
into so. many departments of philan
thropic effort and absorbed them' as
part of its religious .duties. &
Need of Trained Workers, j n
- The scheme for a JJniversity-oMIu-.
manity grew naturally- eut of the de
velopment of the 20 , other departments-
-With a field .as wide asthe
world, itself tuec wort of the Salvation
Army is only limited by tbe number
of workers that can be secured-and
itsenectiveness by the understanding
and earnestness of these workers.-'As
uplift work has grown from local ef
forts to help a few into a great in
clusive movement which' must miss
none, the problems of organization
have grown greater. Charity has be
come a science and its application an
art requiring the highest development
of personal qualities of insight and
altruism. There is thus pressing need
for workers of quite exceptional quali
fication. These qualifications must
first of all be inherent and must then,
be developed by experience and spe
cial training.
This is the new work planned by
Gen. Booth. Those women, for in
stance, who are to go among the
slums of the big cities must not only
have the desire to help but must know
how real helpfulness can best be se
cured. They must understand by a
study of practical sociology some
thing of the social forces that create,
this poverty and crime and wretched
ness. They must understand the dan
ger of the unwise charity that merely
increases dependence and understand
the value of better living conditions
in raising the moral courage of those
to whom fate has been unkind. They
must be able not only to correct home
conditions themselves but to impart
their knowledge and to inspire with
a desire for betterment.
Value of the Organization.
This will be but a small part of the
university's training in social service
as planned by the patriarchal evangel
ist, but it serves to show of what value
such an organization will be.
Of the general's plan for the uni
versity he himself said recently: "I
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GENERAL WILLIAM BOOTH.
for the systematic training of his
workers has been in his mind for sev
eral years. On his last visit to the
I'nited States the general made his
first tentative announcement of the
llan. Since then he has worked out
many of the details' and he has just
consented to the beginning of pre
liminary work in this country where
the need for trained workers has been
especially great.
Growth of Great System.
It is perhaps not generally realized
that the whole intricate" modern ma
chinery of civilization for the uplift
ing of the submerged tenth, the vast
'system of charities now so essential
a part of modern life, is to a very
large extent an outgrowth of the
Booth idea. He was the first to see
that the unfortunate could be be
reached by those who had suffered as
the' had, and that they must be
leached by practical worldly help be
fore they could be prepared to begin
the cleaner life. It was the Salvation
Army which . first made a practical
working success of this now familiar
principle of so-called missionary work.
This whole plan of campaign for
raising the fallen began on a very
simple scale ia the poverty-stricken
and crime-infested East end of Lon
don and under the impetus of William
Booth's singular force of mind and
personality and the momentum that It
has gathered with almost miraculous
rapidity it has developed into a truly
astonishing organization.
Some of the departments of its
work are: Prison-gate and Rescue,
Inebriates' homes. Boys' and Girls'
homes, Storm colonies. Emigration,
Naval and Military homes. Maternity
want to train men and women io deal
with misfortune. I want them in
structed to combat with the weak
nesses and sins of' the drunkard, the
criminal, the pauper and the would-be
suicide."
At SO years of age the head of the
Salvation Army, after more than half a
century of almost unceasing activity,
is as vigorous and untiring as at any
time in his career. The inexhaustible
vitality and intellectual and physical
activity of this social reformer, philan
thropist, preacher, author and traveler
are marvelous. At fourscore he is
traveling many thousands of miles
over the world every year, controlling
the destinies of his more than 7,000
corps of Salvation soldiery with their
18,000 commissioned officers, distribu
ted among every civilized country,
preaching constantly to vast audiences
and doing an amount of literary work
that would be a factor to many a pro
fessional author with no other occupa
tion. William Booth was born on April 10,
1829, in Nottingham. England, and was
trained for the Methodist ministry,
which he entered and became one of
the strongest evangelistic forces in
that church. He grew dissatisfied,
however, at reaching only those with
some religious training and convic
tion. He felt that there were thou
sands whose need was far greater and
he gravitated to the East end of Lon
don where wretchedness of all kinds
was the rule.
In a disused burial ground on Mile
End road he pitched an old tent and
the first Salvationist meeting was
held in that tent in 1E61. The fiery
eloquence of the earnest young
preacher caught the attention of a
crowd, of -poor Whltechapelerraml he
fore that first meeting was qver.lMha4
made 'several conversions, a perform
ance that he has been repeating
throughout the world for 47 years.
How He Started the Army.
This first meeting resulted in the
formation of the Christian mission,
from' which it was the evangelist's
castomtorsesd.hls converts to the ex
lstlng churches -of the, locality, , bet
finding that' they were not welcomed
and were in danger of slipping hack
from sheer want of comradeship and
oversight, he set about forming so
cieties of the converted. These" he
found to be a' potent agency for bring
ing in more, as the heedless East
ender could be impressed by the
words of a former "pal" when he
would not listen to a minister: So was
created the central idea,of the Salva
tion Army. . .
The need of organisation Became
apparent, but several methods were
tried with little success before -Gen.
Boothvhit upon the military idea sad
named his organization the 8alvatioa
.Army. From that time on the move
ment grew, amazingly and itjhas con
tinued to grow without ceasing te
this day.
Spread Oyer the WerM.
The movement began spreading to
other countries of the world in 1881
when it first reached the United
States through the influence of a silk
weaver jvho had emigrated from Cov
entry. England, bringing with him the
Salvation Army idea and a strong de
sire to continue .in ' the work. It
reached Australia in the same year
through a milk dealer from 'Stepney,
and soon afterwards the first Canadian
corps was organized in a similar
fashion.
Five years later, in 1886, the gen
eral made the first of many visits to
the American branches of the army
and he has seen them grow from a
few small corps into a' veritable 'army
of tremendous influence and unsur
passed efficiency. His first great
world-tour was made in 1891, when he
visited South Africa, Australia' and
India. Since then he has visited the
United States, Canada. Australia, New
Zealand and India four times, South
Africa twice and Japan and the Holy
Land each once.
During all these travels the actual
executive responsibility for the gov
ernment of the army has never been
lifted from his shoulders. Even on
shipboard he is an indefatigable work
er, planning and writing through, the
days.
, Gen. Booth Honored.
One of the most remarkable of the
many tributes paid to the general by
the 'great of the world was that of the
mikado of Japan during the visit to
that country. ,The mikado personally
received the. general with great
warmtn and he was accorded remark
able ovations in Yokohama, Tokyo,
Sendai and Kyoto, a circumstance of
strange import when it is realized that
Japan is 'not a' Christian country-
Another interesting distinction given
Gen. Booth was the conferring on him
of the degree of doctor of civil law by
Oxford university. The significance
of this honor will be better under
stood when it is stated those who re
ceived university honors with him at
the time were Prince Arthur ot Con
naught, the prime minister of Eng
land, the lord chancellor, the speaker,
Sir E. Grey, the archbishop of
Armagh, Sir Evelyn Wood, the Ameri
can ambassador, Mark Twain and
Rudyard Kipling.
As a writer Gen. Booth is remark
able, both as a stylist, as a thinker
and as a producer. He has written in
all 21 volumes, besides innumerable
articles for the army publications.
His best-known book is "In Darkest
England and the Way Out." in which
he outlined his scheme for .social re
form by means of colonization. "Tbe
Training of Children," "Love, Mar
riage and the Home," and his books
on reform are among the others of
the general's best-known literary pro
ductions. Hi's Greatness in Time of Trial.
The greatness of this born leader
of men shone with especial bril
liancy during that most, trying period
In the history of the movement, when
disagreements caused a split in the
Army's American ' forces and they di
vided, one part becoming the Volun
teers of America with the general's
own son, Ballington Booth, at its head.
Through thisc serious break, which
threatened the progress of the work
for a time, the patriarch maintained
such a simple and dignified attitude of
acceptance as to strengthen greatly
. his position before the world.
Of "those who have left him" the
general wrote: "It was to be expected
that in such work as ours, demanding
as it does arduous toil and constant
self-denial and often real hardships
of one kind or another, some should
prove unworthy, some should, grow
weary and others should faint by the
way; ft could not be otherwise for we
are 'engaged in real warfare and who
ever heard of war without wounds or
losses? But even of those who do thus
step aside from' the position of officers
a large proportion remain' wUh us en
gaged in 'some voluntary effort in our
ranks."
Writes of His Creed. "
Of his creed the general has written
very beautifully. He says:
"The simplicity of our creed has
been, as I believe it will remain, one
of the principal helps to our unity.
We stand for the old truths. The
faith which can bo interpreted in
terms of duty, of unselfishness, of
purity, of love to God and man', is the
only faith we really care about. What
ever may be the case with the select
minority, the consciousness of sin,
the force of evil habit and the influence
of passion, are all vivid realities with
the great masses of the population.
To them we bring the promise of de
liverance by "Jesus Christ"
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By Cdwaib W PlCKABP
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LITTLE piece, of
Holland flans; .half
wayacross the world
into the Caribbean
sea. Glaring streets,
yellow houses, bine
houses, green houses,
all , daintily outlined
in white as to their
doors, windows and
gables; canalscrowd-.
ed with odd varieties
of v.essels and
spanned- by. qaain!
toU-bridaes: And all as neat and clean
and bright as soap and water and
paint, can make it. That is Willem
stadt, the port and capital of Curacao,
and one of the most picturesque spots
in all the picturesque West Indies.
.Long years ago it was a favorite
resort of tbe pirates and buccaneers
that infested the Spanish main. Into
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"which tea pivot aaf at
' the others little steam
tug that swings the
whole structure oaea
for entering or depart
ing vessels. ,
Guarding the en
trance to the port are
two of the most comi
cal little fortresses, one
can find in a year's
Journeying Fort Ril
and Fort Amsterdam.,,
A few queer old gaas
peep from their en
brasures and several
diminutive soldiers
from their, garrisons.. A .
hand grenade might al;
most blow either fort ,
into bits. But they add
.--
THE JCfOTTSCAT, CURACAO
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POPULAR AUTHORS
The
Preacher Finds Ready Sale for
His Books in His Parish.
Bent on an errand of mercy, a city
prowler made his way into a strange
neighborhood. What impressed him
most was the bookstore windows. Is
every one for blocks around - were
stacks of a new book he1 had never
heard of by a writer of whom be had
sever kfard.
"Who is this man?" he finally asked.
"Why is he so popular hereabouts?"
"He is the pastor of the Presby
terian church down in the next block,"
said the stationer. "Every bookseller
in the neighborhood is making a spe
cialty of his book.., That is the usual
way of doing things when a clergy
man brings out a new book. Anybody
. J else might appear in the publishers' I
catalogue every month without arous
ing local pride, but with the preachers
it is different When a minister turns
author that old saw about the prophet
being without honor in his own cona
try Is disproved with a vengeance.
Every spring there is a considerable
literary output by the pastors of New
York churches. ' The first place where
these volumes are put on sale is the
bookstores near tbe church where the
minister preaches, and usually the'
largest sales are made there."
THE HARBOR, WILLEJ14TAO
its harbor-lake these bloody sea-rovers sailed with
rich cargoes captured from the ill-fated merchant
men that bad fallen into their hands and the
stores of gold "and gotfds from plundered cities
on the mainland. The place was safe from all
pursuers and there the pirates divided their spoils
and refitted for new raids. But in all the chron
icles of the buccaneers there is little mention of
Curacao, and no record of its ever having been
attacked by them. From 1634, when the Holland
ers apparently found It without an owner, the
island was a Dutch possession. Thrifty merchants
settled there, and it requires no stretch of the
imagination tar suppose that their immunity from
raids was due to the excellent facilities they af
forded the pirates for disposing of loot The cities
of the mainland and of a dozen islands of the
Caribbean were repeatedly ravaged and burned
and the inhabitants subjected to torture and mas
sacre. But Curacao was unmolested, save for two
ineffectual expeditions for its capture organized by
the Spanish during European wars.
And the Curacao of to-day? Well, it hasn't
changed greatly, save to accommodate itself to
latter-day conditions.' Rich cargoes still- are un
loaded at its wharves, but they are sent there in
steamers by tbe merchants of Europe and Ameri
ca. Sober, peaceful Dutch Jews take theTner
chandlse in hand, and a little later much of it is
loaded into sloops and schooners which sail away
for the mainland of Latin-America Still later
this same merchandise appears for sale on the
counters of merchants In 'the cities of Colombia,
Venezuela and Central America, at prices that
preclude the supposition that it has'passed through
the custom houses and -paid the heavy import du
ties that are Imposed in those countries.
In a word, Curacao has become the headquar
ters for the smugglers of the Caribbean. Little
is heard of this, for silence best serves the pur
poses of most of those concerned: A hint at the
truth is met with the indignant denial of the
shrewd folk of Wlllemstad. But the fact is well
known to all who are familiar with trade in the
Caribbean.
"Do you go to Caracas on yoar rounds?" I ,1b-
nocently asked the rep
resentative of a great
L-manafacturing house of
St. Louis, whom I met
on shipboard.
"No, indeed." he re
plied, with a laugh.
"What's the use? Their
import dues are too
high. I go to Willem
stad and there sell all
my goods for the Vene
zuelan market"
Two other commer
cial travelers who sat
' by laughed and winked
and said nothing and
all three left the steamer at Willemstad.
Castro, who, while president of Venezuela, often
tried, in the wrong way, to do the right thing for
his country, attempted to break- up this vast
smuggling conspiracy. But his efforts resulted
only in precipitating a bitter quarrel with Hol
land that barely missed becoming a real war, and
in hastening his own downfall. His successor
backed down as gracefully as possible, and much
of Venezuela's Imports are still being trans
shipped at Willemstad.
One other industry has Curacao that is of espe
cial moment to her neighbors of the mainland.
That 'is the manufacture of revolutions. The
island is a favorite refuge for deposed presidents,
defeated revolutionists and other refugees. They
may always be found in the clean little cafes of
the capital; concocting plots to regain lost power
and awaiting the "psychological moment" for
starting a new rising of the people against the
"tyrants." These "patriots" are always ready to
talk volubly of their hopes and plans, and so Wil
lemstad has become tbe great distributing point
for sensational and unreliable news concerning
our volatile sister republics.'
Curacao really Is the .top of an almost sub
merged volcano, like many other islands of the
West Indies, and lies almost within sight of the
coast of Venezuela. For many months at a
stretch not a drop of rain falls there, and the
whole island looks like a big bare brown and gray
rock. Then comes a wet week, and grass and
shrubbery spring up as by magic and clothe hill
and valley in a mantle of green. But It is only
grass and shrubbery, for-there is not a tree on
the island more than ten feet in height The an
cient crater has become a large, beautiful lake of
Irregular outline, known as the Schottegat This
connects with the sea by the "stream," which
flows through a break in the crater's rim. The
stream is Wlllemstad's harbor, but the larger
steamers have to go into the Schottegat to turn
around. On both sides of the stream Is built the
quaint city, which looks as if it' had been brought
bodily from the Zuyder Zee. Its two parts are
joined by a long pontoon toll-bridge at one end of
much to the picturesqueness of the
place, and Willemstad is not ashamed
of them.
Of course, being Dutch, Willemstad
should have a real canal, and the
visitor soon finds one. and finds, too.
that he must .pay a small toll for the
privilege of walking over its high
arched, hundred-foot bridge. Tied up
in this waterway, he will discover all
kinds of queer, highly colored craft
that are used in the island traffic. If
he doesn't wish to cross the bridge,
he may patronize 'the tramway which,
starting from tbe stream, runs all tbe
way around the end of the canal and
back to the stream again.
Marvelous is the equipment of this tramway. It
consists of one small bobtail car with seating ca
pacity for about six persons and no straps, and
one weary, dejected little donkey. When the car
reaches the end of its run the motive power stands,
on three legs and goes to sleep. The car cannot
start back until he wakes up. and Wlllemstad's
perpetual traction problem is "How long will the
donkey sleep this time?" It would be a most
annoying problem if anyone cared, but no one to
whom time is an object ever uses the tramcar
anyway.
Dutch architecture, somewhat modified to suit
tropical conditions, prevails in Willemstad. ,-The
business buildings are large and not unattractive,
the public structures are decidedly picturesque, and
many of the. residences are. very handsome. The
merchants as a rule are wealthy and, as has been
intimated, are not lacking in enterprise. It is only
fair to say that many of them confine their activi
ties to business that is above suspicion. The port
is an important transshipping point for trade in
'the Caribbean. Its business men are wondering
just how the opening of the Panama canal will af
fect their prosperity.
Though Curacao is a Dutch colony, and has been
for centuries, the visitor will find few Dutchmen
there; the population is almost wholly negro and .
the merchants nearly all Jews. As for language,,
you may have your choice. Address the almost
naked lad sitting on the dock ready to dive for
pennies, in Dutch, Spanish, English or French, and
he will reply in kind with a request for money.
Speak to him in "papaimiento" and he will take
you to his brown bosom. Papaimiento literally
"the talk we talk" Is the ordinary language of the
common people and is a curious compound of the
several tongues named, together with African and
Indian. It is like all and yet strangely unlike any
of them.
The tourist landing on Curacao for the first time
naturally expects to be confronted at every turn by
bottles of the liqueur to which the island has given
its name, but he is disappointed. It is there, of
course, and for sale, but it is not obtruded on the
passerby. The small bitter orange from which it
is made is grown on the island, but the liqueur is
not manufactured there and never has been. It is
a product of Europe. Gold filigree work, hampers.
Inlaid caskets are offered tourists.
Altogether, though the ordinary sights of Cu
racao may be exhausted In a day, it is well worth
a longer visit by the leisurely traveler, and he will
find the inhabitants most hospitable. With its riot
of color, its fsr over-reaching eaves, its long
wrought iron signposts, its quaint forts and
crooked streets, its waterways and boats and gayly
clad people, Willemstad should be a paradise for
painters.
The "pirates" who infest Curacao nowadays
prey only os. governments.
CLEARED STATESMAN OF DEBT
Disraeli's "Endymlon" Fulfilled
.tations of Author.
In the year 1872 Lord Beaconsfield
commenced his last novel, "Endymlon,"
a work undertaken chiefly from the
honorable desire to obtain a sum of
money that would finally wipe off a
residue of monetary engagements. He
worked at it pretty steadily until the
general election of 1874 called hia to
office, when his literary work was
iset aside. Still he wrote at it oc
casionally till the beginning of the
year 1876. when tbe Eastern question
coming to the front and engrossing
bis attention, he, as he thought, fi
nally laid the work aside. He then
wrote a letter to Lord Rowton, inclos
ing the manuscript, unfinished by
something like 100 pages of printed
matter. He stated his view that the
pressure of public work would pre
clude his continuing the novel, and in
the event of His decease he instruct
ed Lord Rowton to finish the work,
but not to volunteer the announce
ment that it had been left In an In
complete state or to avow his collabo
ration, leaving the book to stand sole
ly in the name of Its original creator.
Lord Beaconsfield, however, living
through his own administration and
finding comparative leisure when in
opposition, completed the novel with
his owB-aand. and it was sold for the
splendid sum of 10.000. a windfall
which -enabled him to fulfill his cher
ished desire of paying off his debts.
f xempla Gratia.
"It is not enough," said the man
who was fond of moralizing, "that a
man should be prudent most of the
time; he must be so all the time. The
foolish action of a few minutes may
spoil the prospects of a lifetime."
"That's so," put in Henpeck. "it
only takes a few minutes to get
ried."
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