The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911, March 24, 1909, Image 4

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WBDMBBDAY. KASCH 34, IMS.
RBOXHKS 8TOCKWELL, Ptopxietora.
i to what tla you
ia paid. ThM JaHK riwvs.tkat
i km iwlwd p to Jaa.l,lM,
VSMSfcF.l,ttSIdo. Wh imaiat
l !, to,kkk iiwtti m neaimt,
wlUfcenfcsseiilsniiiiiissU.
IMCMBIDnTAKCS-BMBOMtbto wlwarib.
mm will matin to neaiv tafe Joans! aata ta
KitHwlhrlTtlTtT to dteooatfaaa,
trilwiiji Bwtbapaid.lt joadoaot
Leoaiiaaed tor another yaar af
raid for baa expired, yom ahoald
raseodiaeoatiaaelt.
CMASeB Dl ADDRBBB-Wkea orderiat a
Uafhak:aUaaaUaatbalri
And now who are the "tariff reform-
era.
M
Lumber, hides and sugar should go
onthefireelist
A tariff reform measure with which
Aldrich has anything to do is bound
to containteveral jokers.
How many normal schools does Ne
braska require? Two good normals
are worth more than a dozen poor
ones and cost less.
Free lumber may not make that
article any cheaper, but it would re
duce the profits of the trust to the
amount of the present duty.
There is great rejoicing among the
wolf breeders in the sand hills over the
prospect of the legislature allowing
claims to the amount of $60,000 for
wolfscalps. .
The sifting committee recommends
for consideration the bill increasing
the fees of county sheriffs and the mea
sure providing for the appointment of
a state beer inspector. The present
legislature appears to favor any and
every scheme to increase taxation.
The bank guarantee bill, if it
ever becomes a law .without amend
ments, will prove a farce. It provides
for creating a fund of $488,000 to pro
tect deposits in state banks amounting
to $65,000,000. The assessments
against the banks shall not be with
drawn therefrom, but remain on de
posit in the banks. In the event of a
bank failing, the depositors have sixty
days in which to file their claims. In
the course of time these claims will be
passed upon by a court of competent
jurisdiction and paid, if there is enough
money in the guarantee fund. This is
not the immediate payment plan pro
mised by Mr. Bryan. In fact it is
doubtful, in the event of failure of half
a dozen state banks, during a panic, if
depositors would receive more than a
small per cent of their deposits. As
it now stands, the guarantee law is a
farce.
SOLD OUT.
The republican insurgents of the
national house of. representatives got
only a crumb in their contest with
Gannon when they could have had
roast turkey with cranberry sauce had
it not been for a job lot of twenty-two
democrat8who sold their votes for
committee appointments and tariff
concessions to. what is known as the
repablican "house machine."
Without discussing -the"misunder-tanding
between the republican in
surgents and Gannon, it is conceded
that the former were fighting for a
principle and had every reason to ex
pect the united support of the demo
crats.. In fact, the very men who sold
their votes to the so-called "machine"
had promised their,-support to the
insurgents. The action of the twenty
two democrats who sacrificed principle
for Jpelf emphasises the oft repeated
assertion that democrats cannot be
trasted in an emergency. The deal
between the "machine" and the men
whose support was bargained and paid
for is the most disgraceful that has
even occurred in congress. After
fighting Gannon for six years they
deserted their party at a critical
Moment and for, places on important
ooatmittfes ajni a promise of "protec
tive" datieson sugar and other things
produced in democratic communities
"sold oat" to the very man they have
coBdeamnedasafyrant '
The action of the "job ot" has
opened the eyes of those 'who have
looked upon the .tariff as a partisan
qnsatioa. The Journal has frequently
called attention to this question as one
of local selfishness. The manufac-
districts favor what' is termed
and at the same time
free raw material. The state
that famish raw material, demand that
raw material from foreign countries
bo taxed to such a figure that womld
i importation prohibitive. The
tariff qasstioa is not a question of pol-'
tartbatfaaa
itop bat a qaokioa of btauess, gor
erned by the selfiahaessof iadiTfduals
and localities.
Democratic leaden of recent years
have insisted, that the repablican party
adopted the high tariff ideas of Alex
ander Hamilton, and those opposed
a. v:i. s. zac n ii . a. -
I w utgu uvqueuuv ncnipfc mi
quote Hamilton as .the champion of
the high' protective idea. The men
who make this representation are
either ignorant or deliberately attempt
to mislead the public. The first tariff
bill introduced in congress in 1789
provided for "a tariff for revenue
only' and had the approval of Ham
ilton, at that time secretary of the
treasury under Washington. .The
bill was reported to the house by Mad
ison, and through the efforts of the
followers of Thomas Jefferson a protective-duty
averaging 8 per cent was
incorporated in the bill. 'After the
war of 1812, the tariff duties were in
creased on an average of 24 per cent
In 1828, the year Jackson-was elected
president, duties were increased on an
average 43 per cent
In nearly every great tariff contest
the followers of Jefferson and Jackson
have fought to protect the products
grown and articles manufactured in
their perticular localities, and in sell
ing out to the ''house machine" the
twenty-two democrats were only up
holding the Jeffersonian and Jackso
nian ideas of tariff reform, which
means protection for democratic com
munities, regardless of other sections
of the country.
THE EXPERIMENT OF LIBERIA.
Nearly a century ago the United
States assisted in inaugurating an ex
periment to determine the capacity of
the negro for' self government Then
he promoters of the enterprise, or
rather their ' descendants, promptly
forgot all about it Now the under
taking is being forced into public
notice again by the call for help that
comes from Liberia (Liberty), the
black republic which was launched
under such favorable circumstances.
The African model of the United
States is reported to be in a deplorable
condition. So urgent have the appeals
from the West coast become that a
commission has been named to look
into the matter and see if our protege
in the Dark Continent cannot be start
ed again along the pathway of nation
al prosperity.
' If the negro fails to achieve success
as a nation builder in Liberia he cer
tainly cannot complain that he did not
have an auspicioas start No .less a
person than Uncle Sam was one of the
sponsors. The other wasa powerful
body of Americans which had an
enthusiastic ambition to do something
for the cause of the negro. Nations
usually are of slow growth. It is not
often that one springs forth full fledged
as did Minerva. .Liberia is such a
nation. It was organized with a pur
pose and to exploit an idea. The pur
pose was to provide a home for freed
'slaves; the idea to prove that the
negro was capable of governing him
self. The National Colonization so
ciety, which had this purpose and this
idea, was formed by Robert Finley in
1816. Henry Clay was made 'presi
dent Government co-operation was
sought and secured. Africa was
selected as the natural place fort such
an experiment Native princes ceded
to the society a strip of land on the
western coast below the Equator. One
idea was that slaves who were recap
tured from traders might be taken
there, either to find homes or make
their way from there back to the wilds
from which they were abducted.
For three years the project lan
guished. Then; in 1819, the United
States haying passed a law forbidding
the slave trade, Congress authorized
President Monroe to send a proper
person or persons to the African coast
to receive and return the recaptured
slaves. An appropriation of $100,000
was made fortius purpose. Then the
Colonization society collected a num
ber of freed slaves and settled them in
the promised land. The first perman
ent settlement was at Gape Mesurado.
An accounting was taken by the Unit
ed States government in 1830. This
showed that each of the 2,600 recap
tured negroes returned to aboriginal
jungles had cost this country a little
more than $1,000. The United States
quit As a philanthropist it was too
expensive.
Those were days, however, when
men were willing even to spend money
to show their love for; the negro, and
the Colonization society stuck to its
task. . A mail oeiler constitution was
sent over in 1839 for the negroes to
adopt The Liberians began to run
things under this constitution, their
white patrons in America retaining the
right of veto. Real progress was
made. Eight years after the constitu
tion was put into effect the Coloniza
tion society pulled down the American
flag, gave the negroes its blessing and
the reins of government and left.
That was in 1847. England recog
nised Liberia as a nation the follow-
ing year. Other European govsm-
followed the example of Great
Britain. Liberia was thus established
as a full fledged nation.
Naturally, Liberia became a nation
formed after the manner of the United
States. There was a president and a
vice president A cabinet was formed
to advise with the chief executive.
Two houses constituted the law-making
body. A supreme court interpreted
the laws. Left to themselves, the
negroes started out by making a mis;
take. They passed a law forbidding
white men to hold property in Liberia.
This measure was designed to preserve
the supremacy of the black; man in his
own country. The evil effects of this
law were not at once noticeable.
Liberia advanced in power and pres
tige, me nrat JiiDerians bad gone
from the" United States. They knew
how white people lived. As slaves
they had rubbed elbows with the cul
ture of the South. They triedto build
up in the jungle a civilization copied
after that which they had left In a
measure they were successful. A trade
school was established, and it flourish
ed. Churches were organized with
pastors of their own race. A prosper
ous trade was established.
But with the death of the negroes
who had come into personal contact
with American progress the effects of
the exclusion of the white man began
to crop out The negroes were poor.
They could not develop their resour
ces. The white man was forbidden to
do so. The result is that there is not
-a mile of railroad or a line of tele
graph' in all Liberia. Other coast
settlements have railroads and are
prosperous. While they have advanc
ed Liberia has gone back. The trade
school has been abandoned. Com
merce has dwindled to almost nothing.
Finances are at a low ebb. Most of
the trade that comes from the interior
is carried on, not by the descendants
of the ex-slaves, but by the native
tribesmen who are not affiliated in the
government Returned missionaries
who use plain language say the Libe-'
rians are lazy. The progressive men
of the republic, and there are not a
few of them, see the nation's only sal
vation in the repeal of the exclusion
law. They are outvoted, however, by
their more ignorant countrymen who
glory in their isolation.
The poverty of the country is not a
result of natural conditions. Nature
has been lavish in its gifts. Cotton
grows wild. Bananas develop from
sprigs stuck into the ground. Other
tropical fruits yield abundantly, too
abundantly, perhaps, to awaken energy
in a people. The climate, while"dan
gerous to white men, is not so to
negroes. Altogether it is an ideal
spot for a black man to make a mark
for himself. Perhaps the commission
which the United States purposes to
send out may find out why he is not
fulfilling his destiny. Kansas. City
Star.
THE NEW CABINET.
Strictly speaking the president of
the United States has no cabinet, that
is to say, there is no integral body of
constitutional advisers to whom' he is
bound to listen and who derive their
authority from the approval of the
majority of the legislature for the time
being, as is the case of the king's min
isters in England. What we call the
president's cabinet is composed of the
heads of the several administrative de
partments, selected by him, with the
advice and consent of the senate, pri
marily for the management of these
departments, and subject in practice
to retirement at the president's discre
tion. Their relation to the president
and to congress is somewhat ill-defined,
and disputes regarding it arise from
time to time, but usually the control
is tacitly in the president He is not
obliged to consult them, even as to
matters in their departments, but 'he
habitually does, not only as to these
but as to matters of broad policy. The
degree to which the influence of each
is felt depends largely on his person
ality and on the degree of confidence
and harmony he .succeeds in estab
lishing. While the cabinet is not, in our gov
ernment, a 'body of official advisers,
jointly responsible and entitled to be
heard, it is plain that its members can
be of very great service to a president
inclined to seek and capable of using
sound counsel. Undoubtedly Presi
dent Taft has selected the members of
his "family," as it is the habit of Wash
ington to call them, with reference to
this service. While none of them,
with the exception "of Mr. Knox, the
new secretary of state, has a consider
able national reputation, all are men
of acknowledged and proved ability,
of excellent training, and of expe
rience in their respective callings.
The most conspicuous fact concerning
thdm is that seven of the nine have
been educated as lawyers, and five
have attained a high rank in their
profession.
Another fact is that they are, as a
body, in the prime of manhood. Only
two of them, Mr. Wilson, in the de
partaMnt of agricultnre, and Mr. Mac-
Veagh, in thV treasury, are oyer 60.
Mr. Nagel, ill the department of 'com
merce and labor, is ia his sixtieth
year and the remaining six members
of the cabinet range'from 42 to 58,with
an average of $1. They might -not
bave'the taste or the strength for all
day saddle rides,, but it'is interesting
to note that our townsman, Attorney
General Wickersham, is a tried horse-
man; that Mr. Knox, the' secretary of
state, is a driver and breeder-'of fine
horses, and that Mr. Dickinson, the
secretary of war, is the owner of the
famous Belle Meade stock farm. The
practicing lawyers, all eminent in
profession, are Mr. Knox, Mr. Ballin
ger of the interior, Mr. Dickinson, Mr.
Wickersham and Mr. Nagel of the
department of commerce and labor.
Of these all save Mr. Ballinger have
been more or less intimately, concerned
with great corporations, transportation
or industrial. They are qualified to
speak with knowledge on the problem
to which President Taft has announced
that his administration will give care
ful attention, the efficient, just and
helpful regulation of corporations so
far as the federal law can attain it.
It is noteworthy also that two of the
cabinet have had the benefit of foreign
education, Mr. Dickinson .at Leipsic
and Paris and Mr. Nagel at Berlin.
It is obvious that Mr. Taft has
chosen his cabinet with little reference
10 "secuonai claims wmen only a
short time since received such consid
eration, and the actual facts as to-their
birth and residence shown in a strik
ing fashion the' present absurdity of
such claims, and the essential nation
alism of men of importance and streng
th in America ho matter where they
were born. JMr. Meyer of the navy
department and Mr. Knox of the state
department are the only members of
the cabinet appointed from the states
of their birth. Mr. Ballinger was
born in Iowa, has resided in Alabama
and Illinois, and is appointed from
Washington. Mr. Dickinson was born
in Mississippi and is appointed from
Tennessee. Mr. .Wickersham, ap
pointed from New York, was born in
Pennsylvania. Mr. Nagel, appointed
from Missouri, was born in Texas.
Mr. Hitchcock, appointed from Mass
achusetts, was born in Ohio. Mr.
MacVeagh, appointed from Illinois,
was born in Pennsylvania. While
Mr. Wilson, the typical American
farmer of the cabinet was born in
Scotland. Another evidence of the
national character of the cabinet, its
independence of strict -party lines as
well as of sectionalism, is that Messrs.
Dickinson and MacVeagh belong to
the noble army of patriots known as
"Cleveland Democrats." New York
Times.
UNSUNG HEROES OF THE DEEP.
Life-Savers Succeed or Fail Without
the Applause of the World.
The life-saver is never a demonstra
tive fellow 'and rarely communicative;
also, he lacks imagination. Tou can
argue with Capt Jim by the hour that
his life is a hazardous one and of ex?
ceeding interest to those engaged in
more peaceful pursuits, but in vain.
Only the details of his daily duties,
which are many and arduous, seem to
appeal to him; the romantic side, the
perilous side, he sees not at all. He
will talk by the hour of life-buoys and
life-lines, or night signals and wireless
telegraphy, of searchlights and motor
lifeboats; but of himself, who is the
life -and. power of it all, nothing, says
the Circle Magazine.
The government report is the sole
history of our unpretending "heroes
of peace," and a very dry history it Is.
Of nearly 20,000 wrecks and rescues,
not a word is printed, save a bare
record of the time, place.lives and
property saved.
In every instance a small band of
men went out to a mortal struggle,
sometimes right up to the verge of
death. A few went over the verge, so
simply and quietly that their names
remain unhonored and unsung. They
battled alone, far away from towns
and cities, and the applause of watch-,
ing crowds.
Bright as the Fire.
When Crewe hall was burning, the
late Lord Crewe, father of the present
earl, displayed a humorous equanimity
which St. James Budget deems wor
thy of preservation in print.
When the historic mansion, with its
works of art, rare manuscripts, armor
and other treasures, was blazing away,
Lord Crewe ordered a footman tc
place a table on the lawn and bring
him an inkstand and some telegraph
forms. He 'then sat down and com
posedly wrote this telegram to Street,,
the Royal Academician:
"Dear Street. Crewe Is burning;
come and build it np again."
To his sister he sent another mes
sage by wire:
Ton always used to say this was a
cold house; you wouldn't say so if you
could see It now." Youth's Com
panion. Bookworms.
There Is no doubt that all books
kept for a long time in libraries and
other places become the abode of the
germ and microbe.
The Tartar's Manners.
Whem a Tartar Invites an honored
guest to dine with him he will take
the guest by the ear and lead him to
the table.
If We But Knew Hew.
Whatever happens to anybody. It
fee taraedtto haHAa -alta
Watt WaitMaa.-
LIKE NOTHING ELSE ON EARTH.
Night Llfhta ef New Yark Are a Viaien
Tne sky line of New York Is always
caaaatafj: So, too, the might lights
shift aa stow la wonderful magnify
cence, creeping continually further up
ward toward the stars, until the lower
city, grouped around the Singer tower,
has become a veritable Chimborazo of
glitter and glow. The little lamps that
mark, the. dark wharves barely show.
Above them the scant candles of the
older city1 twinkle here and there, , but
not enough to mar the dark foreground
ibeyond which come the palaces more
'goregous than any ever coaxed from
genii land by slaves of Aladdin's lamp.
From the platform towers of thegreat
bridge the picture sets to the best ad
vantage. It begins with the sinking
sun. The murky view beyond the bay
betoomes dull and dark. The torch la
Liberty's hand suddenly gleams star
Hke in the night and then, like the
twinkling In a kaleidoscope, the pal
aces begin to glitter in the gloom.
There is no vision like it elsewhere in
the world, yet only now and then does
a bridge pedestrian pause In his hur
ried walk to give the spectacle a mo
mentary glance. The usual New York,
er cares little for the splendor of his
town. N. T. World.
SHOW HATRED OF FOREIGNERS.
Chinese Historical Plays That
Alive Race Prejudice.
Keep
Historical plays are acted every
where in China. They are popular in
the quiet villages, the homes of the
rich, in the crowded cities, and In the
busy market towns. ThesVplays are
written with the object of Intensify
ing the bitterness and contempt of the
people against Jh foreigner. The
story of plundeiings and massacres of
their forefathers is vividly portrayed,
with all the dramatic power that the
actors possess. The foreigner is rep
resented as a monster in appearance.
His face is dragged out of shape and
his mouth is made to appear near his
ear. His beard on one side Is red and
on the other blue. His eyes are fierce
and staring, and murder is stamped
upon his hideous features. The peo
ple of the interior, who have never
come Into actual contact with the for
eigner, have this conception of the
hated barbarian. To their minds
Americans, French, English, Germans
are all alike, barbarians to be de
stroyed.
The Quaint Beltuaa.
Caviare can be made of the roe of
any fish; but the principal supply
comes from the sturgeon and the bel
luga. The latter Is about the most
curious fish ia the world. It weighs
up to 1,000 pounds and inhabits the
waters of the swift-flowing Volga. It
is so abundant that the natives of
Astracan throw away the flesh'
which Is whiter than veal and very
dainty and preserve only the spawn,
of which they sometimes take as
much as 200 pounds out of one fish.
This belluga lies on the bottom of
the river at certain seasons and swal
lows many iarge pebbles of great
weight to ballast itself against ttie
force of the stream; that is, 'the
pebbles act as an anchor. When the
flood subsides and the waters are less
violent tne belluga disgorges Itself;
that is, it unballasts, hauls in Its an
chor and swims about for provender
Peculiar African Race.
There is a peculiar sort of people
living In northwest Rhodesia. These
natives are small of stature, with large
horns on their heads. The horn
springs from the scalp, consists of the
native's hair mixed with fat and tilth,
and is sometimes as much as 18 inches
long. For the most part these Kaffirs
live on the great open flats to be found
on both sides of the Kafue river. They
build their huts on the great ant heaps
which appear like hills scattered over
the flats. When the Kafue is in flood
and the flats are changed into great
lakes these people are safe in their
huts on the ant heaps. Their cattle
also take refuge on the ant heaps on
which corn and mealies are likewise
grown.
Send for the 3. P. C. C.
A "Young Mother" asks our opinion
of "the alleged injurious effects ol
rocking on babies."
We must frankly say that we con
sider it a brutal practice. As the
father of a great many babies, of all
ages, we never rocked on any of
them intentionally, and we would
probably be arrested if we expressed
our full opinion of any woman who
would presume to do so. Lippincott's
Magazine.
Flattery in Lieu of Tip.
How to avoid tipping the waiter at a
restaurant: When the bill comes, pay
it exactly. A certain Involuntary ex
pression of astonishment will be vis
ible on the waiter's face, well trained
though it may be. You should then
rise, saying to him: "I have made an
excellent dinner; you manage the es
tablishment much better than the pre
ceding proprietor did." During his
rapture at being mistaken for the
owner of the restaurant you escape.
Getting Ahead of One's Self.
"If I have anything to do that I par
ticularly dislike, I start to work on it
the first thing after breakfast, sub
ordinating all routine work' to that
task," said a successful housekeeper
recently. "One can expend enough
nervous energy thinking about and
worrying over an unpleasant duty to
accomplish it. When it is finished and
off one's mind early In the day, one
gets ahead of one's self, so to speak."
Ravages of Field Vermin.
The department of agriculture esti
mates that the ravages of field mice
and rats entail a direct loss of $20,000,
000 annually.
Olive Oil for Beoks. .
Olive oil rubbed, over the library
shelves will, it Is said, prevent the
mildewing of the books.
The Gentleman.
He Is gentle If he doth, what leageth
to a gentlessasv Chaacer.
B RAN IG AIM'S
H
Columbus - - Nebraska
-
Will be held on the
following dates:
Monday, March 29, 1909
Monday, April 12, 1909
Monday, April 26, 1909
1
I always have from 200 to 250 horses for
every sale, besides a number of good spans
of mules and farm mares, and have sold
every horse that was in condition at every
sale this season. Parties selling horses in
my sales should be in by 10 o'clock in order
to get them listed.
Anyone wishing to get their names on
my mailing list can have it by sending me
your name and address.
THOS. BRANIGAN
Columbus, Neb.
John u.'s simple Tastes.
Mr. Rockefeller is democratic in all
his habits and tastes. In cold weather
he wears a paper waistcoat, as he be
lievesthai paper more than anything
else will keep the chest and stomach
warm. He also wears old-fashioned
woolen gloves, and when he is seen
outdoors on a winter's day he looks
more like an old Yankee farmer than
the richest man in the world. He alsc
takes great care of his stomach, and
always did: When he is at work on'
any puzzling problem he eats spar
ingly, and recently, when downtown
at his desk in No. 26 Broadway, he
would eat nothing more than a 15
cent meal. This is not so much for
economy, however, as for the good ot
his health, and many will admit that
iw, o.w.irafoiim. ,rCM ,
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course
meals.
hi auauuuiug irom neavy
Athletic Arietocracy.
The Italian and Austro-Hungarian
newspapers are full of accounts of a
remarkable society cycle race in
which Countess" Ilona Bethlen beat
the beautiful and athletic Princess
Letitia, Duchess d'Aosta, a fervent de
votee of the wheel, as well as Signora
Barato, the most famous professional
woman cyclist in Italy. The teller, it
is said, was promised $5,000 by a well
known firm of cyclist manufacturers
provided she came in first. Signora
Barato, however, was beaten by both
her titled rivals. The winner of the
race was, of course, the youngest ol
the ladies. She is the daughter of the
well-known Count Andreas Bethlen.
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The Yeggman.
A "yegs" or, "yeggman" might be
defined as a cross between a tramp
and a burglar. "Yeggmen" travel
about the country always by stealing
or begging rides on freight trains,
and their operationsare generally con
fined to banks or postoffices in the
smaller towns.
Daily Thought.
"Neatness in moderation is a virtue,
but when it is carried to excess it
shows littleness vof mind. Good taste
rejects nicety; it treats little things
as little things, and is not hurt by
them." Fenelon.
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A 8,ck peasant motions feebly to his
wtfo
to approach his bedside, and
whispers, painfully: "I think, my dear,
I could fancy a little broth." "My
dear, what do you want of broth?
Hasn't the doctor just given you up?"
To Save Time.
A small machine glass with mark
ings indicating different numbers of
drops will be found a great saving of
time to every mother, while the ac
curacy of measurements by means of
it is well worth taking into considera
tion. Hia'Game.
When he had stepped on her feet
for about the sixth time she stopped
dancing.
"I will sit down now," she said
quietly: "I see that you prefer foot
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