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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 9, 1908)
JL : . y mrm ME MLntffir The horse needs salt as well as the other animals. You cannot afford to overlook the -fertility question. Never water a horse when he is hot and tired and then let stand. A change of diet is all a horse needs aonietimes when he is off his feed. Wide tires have an important bear ing upon the question of good roads. From SI to 83 per cent of the corn crop of the United States is fed to livestock. The feet of the road horse will be sounder if dipped in a pail of water every day. Wash th harness thoroughly with a. good "harness soap and, after drying, oil thoroughly. Systematic and intelligent manage ment is required to get eggs the year round from the flock. Don't crowd the training of the colt. Sic sure he has mastered one thing be fore starting on another. It is said that the temperature of countries with sandy soils is higher hun those whose soils are of a clayey character. Scours in young animals can often she checked by wheat flour scorched and mixed with skim milk and the ;yolk of an egg. Sow the spare field to rye. Sown mow it will make good growth before cold weather and completely cover the ground lor winter. Pone the acquaintance of your colts early, and keep their confidence by lit Ttle tidbits and an occasional petting. Begin the training early. Leaves tvf clover hay constitute its most nutritious part, and for this rea son it should be fed in tight mangers, so that none of it will be lost. Silage is valuable as a maintenance feed for the winter, whether the ani mals are to be slaughtered immediate ly or carried over for summer graz- Give the work horses a few days off an the fields occasionally. They will accomplish more work when put to it ;igain than they would without the Test- The best horse for the farmer is not the fast roadster, but the fast-walking draft horse. In training colts always put them with the fastest walking liorse you have. Four things must be reckoned with in estimating the value of an animal dip. namel. efficiency to destroy para sites, non-irritating effects, ease of preparation and cost. Inspect and repair the harness at frequent intervals. It wiil prove the truth of the old adage that " a stitch in time saves nine." Nay, more, it may save a serious accident. You and wife need a vacation. Take it by goinc: to the state fair. It will rest and refresh the body and put new Ideas into jour head, plus the energy ziecded to carry them out. Why raise weeds when the garden Hatch will grow late crops. After the early vegetables are out of the way always plan to put in something else that will do well in the late fall. The stock need salt. Don't trust your memory to feed it to them at in tervals. Have it in a receptacle to which they will have access at all times. They will only eat what is good for them. The tuberculin test as now used is considered by seme of the more con servative agricultural experts as little better than guesswork, and that as a result thousands of perfectly healthy cows are and have been sacrificed needlessly. Look- at the horse carefully before buying. Watch him standing as well as in motion. If sound he will stand firmly and squarely on his limbs with out moving, except when he has very high life. He will be flat on the ground with legs plump and naturally poised. If one foot is thrown forward and toe pointed to the ground with lieel raised, or if foot is lifted disease of the navicular bone may be suspect ed or at least a tenderness which is liable to develop into serious disease. If the foot is thrown out. toe raised and heel brought down, the horse has suffered from laminitis. founder, or The back sinews are sprained: he will 3rove worthless. If feet are drawn to gether, beneath the horse, it indicates a displacement of limb and weak dis position of the muscles. If horse stands with feet spread apart, or strad dles with his hind legs, there is weak ness of the loins and the kidneys are disordered. If knees are bent and tremble, the horse has been ruined by heavy pulling. You run great risk in buying horses with contracted or badly fomied hoofs. It is always safest to have the horse thoroughly examined by a competent veterinary surgeon be fore closing the deal. Clean out the nest boxes frequently. Wet the corn before putting in the silo if it is extra dry. Jyeep the young chickens growing. Green food is essential. The vitality of alfalfa is much les sened by letting it stand very long after the proper time for cutting. It is the cow which the man is anxious' to sell that you cannot afford to buy. Keep only as many chickens as you have room for. Crowding is always disastrous. f Salt, fresh water and kind words go a long way in inducing the cow to fill the milk pail. Speltz when ground and mixed with bran or cornmeal makes a good feed for milk cows. Do you know how to run your farm as well as you think you know how to run the country? The stanchion is a cruel thing to keep the cows in during fly time, un less the stable is screened. Kerosene makes a good spray to use in the chicken house, only be careful of fire or lighted matches after using. One does not have to look at the average farm orchard twice to know that it is the most neglected spot on the farm. Dirt is the great enemy of milk. From the feeding and handling of the cow to the final disposition of the milk you cannot be too careful. To stop a horse from gnawing, wash the manger and rope with coal tar. This must be put on hot with an old brush or broom. It should not be necessary to re mind you that the separator should be washed and scalded each time it is used. Washing it out with clean cold water is not sufficient. Eggs that are uniform in size and color find a more ready market and a better price than eggs not so assorted. This is one of the strong arguments in favor of one breed of hens. The dairy farm needs power of some kind. In purchasing an engine get one that will do more work than you will require of it. It will make its running easier and will provide for in creased business. After the first year it Is almost im possible to judge the age of a hen, and for this reason leg bands should be used to prevent you from sending the young hens to market and keeping the old ones. The cost of the leg bands is as nothing compared to the conveni ence of knowing each individual fowl. Register the numbers in a book and tinder each number keep a record of the hen bearing that number. In this way you will be able to deal intelli gently with your flock and make your profits more. A wallow for the hogs is a good thing in the summer time for it helps them to keep cool. One of cement may be made by digging a hole 15 inches deep and ten feet square. In the bot tom pack six inches of coarse gravel or cinders, and on this lay three inches of coarse concrete. Smooth off the surface and raise the sides six inches higher. This makes a shallow basin, which will make a good sani tary wallow, and a barrel of water a day will be sufficient to keep it going. If you have running water which can be piped into the basin, So much the better. A method of curing alfalfa hay with out the use of hay caps which has proved successful is to cut the alfalfa in the morning as soon as the dew is off. allow it to remain in the swath as late In the afternoon as possible and yet get it raked before the eve ning dews fall and then put it in tall cocks, if it looks like rain; otherwise leave it in the wiudiow over night. II the next day is sunshiny the hay is scattered alter the clew is off, allowed to dry until late afternoon and put in the barn. If the weather is not favor able for diving, more than. two days will be required to cure the hay. Here are some feeding maxims by Prof. Beach which we are glad to give space to among the Meadow brook Farm Notes: The more food the cow can be induced to eat, the more milk she will produce. Cows do not usually consume more food than they can properly digest. The ration, therefore, should be made as palatable as possible in order to induce the cow to eat large quantities. The larger the amount of protein in the ration, the larger the milk flow. Protein in the ration is essential to the production of the milk. The less energy required to digest the ration the larger the milk flow. The richer the ration, the rich er the manure. The dairy farmer must look here for a large part of his profit. No two cows can be fed alike. Each must be studied differently. In crease the protein in the ration and watch the milk flow. Sanitary milk comes from healthy cows that are kept in a cleanly way and whose product is handled in a cleanly manner. Thorough cleaning of milk utensils, the cleaning and ven tilation of the stables and the prop er feeding management to keep the cows in good health must not be neglected. Of course economic feed ing must be practiced to make a profit, but that is another story. No part of the handling of milk-producing ani mals is so neglected as the actual care cf the cow herself. Brushing and washing the parts likely to carry dirt into the milk should be daily practiced. The hands and person of the milker must be clean. A pair of clipperr should be used frequently over tha hind legs and udder of the cow, to j prevent accumulating filth. The haa- I dling of the milk from the instant it is drawn from the body of the animal until the time it is delivered to the consumer or made into another prod uct is the third great point to be observed. fHB Rttchen or an Emperor. 3YcUUl3 POHL TjYE TORE-ROOM CWnWSALARGE Qiwtrnr or the rare "altwein,moi OLD IflENNR CYA In this sixtieth jubilee year of Em peror Francis Joseph's reign, when Vienna is the festival center of Eu rope, and visits of foreign sovereigns and princes are the order of the day, the army of court functionaries from the "obersthofmeister," or court cham berlain, down to the youngest scullery maid in the imperial kitchens are i having a busy time. The kitchen plays a most prominent part especially here, in Austria, where eating and drinking have long been a fine art. For, indeed, in all culinary matters Vienna has been world renowned since the days of Maria Theresa. When that great em press took over the imperial palace of Schoenbrunn from Prince Eugene of Savoy there were no less than 20 tons of copper cooking utensils in the kitchens. Everything was done on a big scale, and the waste of good food was something appalling. Most of the reforms introduced into the service have only been rendered possible by the building of an entirely new range of kitchens in the Hofburg. In Maria Theresa's good old times, cooking was carried on in a much less scientific and systematic manner than now. and with an enormous expen diture of human labor. Even until quite recently, when there were gala dinners or court balls, a whole de tachment of infantry was brought into the palace to carry the dishes from the kitchens to the state apartments. Specially constructed wooden tray re ceptacles were used for this purpose. But now all that has been stopped. The new kitchens are immediately un der the state apartments, and a ser vice of electric elevators conveys the dishes right from the kitchen to the ante-rooms of the banqueting hall. These new kitchens are unequaled in Europe for convenience and equip ment, and no expense was spared in their fitting. Especially interesting is the emper or's private kitchen, or, as it is called in German, "mundkuche." which means literally, "mouth kitchen," where all the food for his majesty's own table is prepared. Here all the cooks know exactly what are the special tastes of the monarch, and .as these are ex tremely simple, they do not require any elaborate cooking. In fact, the emperor's tastes are almost what the Viennese call "burgerliche," that is to say, belonging to the middle classes. A good strengthening soup, a nice, tender, juicy slice of broiled fresh beef, with vegetables and one glass of beer, he will eat with relish; a second dish and even sweets he disdains, and whenever they are sent to table they always come back untasted. Next to the "mundkuche" are the pastry and confectionery kitchens, which play an important part in Vien nese cookery. When the Crown Prin cess Stephanie and her daughter, the Archduchess Elizabeth, were living in the Hofburg, the cooks had always to prepare some special delicacies in cakes and sweets for the afternoon coffee; but these are no longer re quired. Next is the great "court" or "festival" kitchen, with its immense roasting spits and six great stoves of the latest design. Here fine menus for gala dinners of 200 guests are pre pared, and for another 200 equerries and gentlemen-in-waiting, who dine at the so-called "marshal's table." Here also the cooking is done for the court balls, when the guests number Quinine in Italy. The sale of quinine in Italy is car ried on in a peculiar fashion. The government sells the drug to the peas ants in malarious districts and then uses the profit to fight malaria. The first aim Is to protect the peas ants from mosquitoes. But it is al most impossible to get them to take care of the wire screens which are given them for their houses. As for their wearing veils and gloves when they go abroad, as they are urged by the authorities to do, any body who knows the Italian peasants can guess how many of them will do it. The government has therefore to depend chiefly on draining and filling up the pools where mosquitoes breed and on what is called bonificamento, or the improvement of the land in va- j nous ways. Last year the govern- ment sold to the peasants about $300. 000 worth of quinine, with a net profit of about 75,000. Japan May Build Locomotives. An attempt at locomotive construc tion is to be made in Japan. flLvQavJ ! 9Wl Y from 2,000 to 3,000. Another particularly interesting kitchen is the "Olio" one, where a specially strengthening soup is pre pared, which is much appreciated to wards the end of a court ball as a kind of "brace-up" for the cotillon. Usual ly a couple of hundred quarts are made, and as the process as well as the ingredients are somewhat elab orate, it is easy to see why a separate kitchen is necessary for it Here is the recipe, which has never been made public before, but always kept a secret of the Hofburg kitchen Olio Soup. Take seven pounds of beef and six pounds of veal, and cut them into small .pieces; lay side by side in a deep pan, and upon this a thin layer of sliced suet, and upon the top of that four onions cut in dices. Over the whole is poured just one pint of water. The pan is placed in the oven and allowed to stand for two hours. Then the pan is filled half with water and allowed to boil gently, the scum being taken off continually. After two hours more add half a leg of mutton, half a hare or rabbit, two old chickens, two old partridges, all cut up, besides celery, parsley roots, cabbage, turnips, and carrots also cut in slices. Then the pan is filled to the brim with water, and is allowed to boil for five hours. The Olio is then finished. It is put aside to cool, so that all the fat forming a crust on the top can be taken off. The soup Is then poured through a fine wet napkin, and can be kept for days until it is used, provided that no salt has been added. Scarcely less interesting are the storerooms, where the gold and silver plate and not less precious stores of porcelain and china services are jeal ously guarded. Of the rare and now quite unobtainable "Alt Wein." or old Vienna china, the Hofburg has vast stores. There are piles of dishes of all sorts and shapes, and mountains of plates, of inestimable value. And of silver there seems to be no end. And then in a specially built strongroom is kept the famous gold service, used only on great occasions, such as the visits of foreign sovereigns and princes, or the marriage of a prom inent archduke or archduchess. Orig inally this service was made for 80 guests, causing much perplexity to the court officials whenever that number was exceeded, which happened fre quently. In such cases some of the old Vienna service was used specially for courses which were accompanied with any sharp sauces not considered good for gold plates. But some time ago, at a sitting of high personages, it was decided to add 100 gold plates to the existing service of exactly the same pattern and size. Each plates weighs precisely 2Vi pounds, and costs, for the metal alone, S0, to which must be added another eight pounds for the making. The gold smiths' order, therefore, amounted to iS.SOO. And besides ail this precious store of gold, silver and china, there are cupboards filled with magnificent porcelain and Venetian glass for table decorations, which are never used. There are chests and cupboards, too. full of the most beautiful linen, em broidered, and with costly lace inser tions and intricate designs. Much of this, too, is never used, the emperor insisting that only the simplest white damask cloth with narrow borders be placed upon the state dining tables. At the great dinner given not long ago in honor of the German kaiser and the German federal princes, the table was covered with a cloth over 50 j-ards long all woven in one piece and em broidered with the imperial arms. For in matters of decoration as well as in food, Francis Joseph prefers simplicity and good taste, only demanding that everything shall be the best procur able. Is No Perfect Human Ear. Scientists, editors of Sunday supple ments, and others are now worrying themselves over the human ear. It is asserted that no person living has a perfect ear. On this subject it is said that Emma Eames has the most classical ear of any woman before the public eye. But even the ear of the charming Emma, the experts say. is away out. It leans too far back; it is too nearly on the horizontal to be perfect. The Princess Chimay was touted as the most perfect specimen of Ameri can beauty, but her ear was declared by experts who are studying earology to have been almost a deformity. So if your wife's or your sweat heart's ear does not look just right to you, do not try to get a divorce or a release on that- account. You may go isrtner to tare worse, and these ex perts tell us that in all the world you will not find a perfect human ear. New York Telegraph. Produces Best Pencil Crdar. Florida produces the finest lead i j pencil cedar in the world. Round Information and GOMD fmWi and Husky Babies Is WASHINGTON. Uncle Sam wants to raise a new brand of babies, one that shall be of beef and brawn, nerve and muscle. And he has set about it in a businesslike way. In the first place, the bureau of chemistry of the department of agri culture, under the direction of Harvey H. Wiley, will find out -what foods now prepared for infants are really foods. If it is discovered that they are not foods at all, but cracked bran and canned mustard poultices there will be trouble. After the results of the inquiry is concluded mothers will be sent lists of foods proper for the use of babies. From physicians, manufacturers, and specialists in children's diseases there will be collected data tending to show the causes which render chil dren ill, and then they will be asked to give information, based on their years of experience, which will advise the proper sort of nourishment and treatment for children, not only to avoid disease, but to build better ba bies. Dr. Wiley believes that in a few years he will see the results of his Capital to Get a J THIS town is to be subjected to one of the most thorough houseclean ing operations that have ever been performed hereabouts, and it is the belief of those who will have the job in charge that the old town will be quite a decent and sweet smelling place to live in after the cleaning process has been completed. Those of Uncle Sam's sanitary corps who make a specialty of sani tary problems will bo given a free hand, with instructions to go as far as they like. The reason for so much activity on the part of those interested in the health of the good citizens of Wash ington is a report in the Canal Zone Record which shows that while the average of temperature and humidity in the zone and Washington are about Women Like Rural POSITIONS as rural carriers are not supposed to be attractive to wom en, and the postofiice der.rtment does not encourage their employment as such, but an increasing number are in vading the rural delivery field. Some are regular carriers. Assistant Postmaster General De Graw is authority for the statement that when women obtain places as rural carriers they invariably accept cheerfully the hardships that accom pany the work in bad conditions of road and weather. An example of this enthusiasm is shown in a report received at the de partment of the case of Miss Lenna Sennot, who is the substitute carrier T"gT rr Ex-Envoy Sold Horse to Leave Country THAT Mehmed AH Bey, deposed Turkish minister, was compelled to leave with Homer Davenport, the horse loving cartoonist, his prize Ara bian steed in order to obtain funds with which to leave America, is the story made public here by a friend of the fleeing minister. Furthermore, it is stated that this final sacrifice came only after the min ister had vainly appealed to a wealth New York cigarette manufacturer for a loan of $2,000, who a few months before had been presented with a mate to the Davenport horse at the suggestion of Mundji Bey, consul gen eral at New York. When Mehmed AH Bey reached this country a year ago he brought with him two Arabian horses valued at $10,000 each. One of the Schinasi brothers, wealthy cigarette manufac turers of New York, is said to have expressed a willingness to buy one ot them for 12,000. Mehmed AM Bjr NEW FOOD A new food product has been discov ered on the west side of India, which has already been approved bj the gov ernment authorities, and it is now pro posed to gather the seed in large quan tities and hold It for use whenever famine conditions are fully developed. It is in the form of a seed which has been named "befri" and is claimed by the chief medical officer of Baroda state to contain 21.13 per cent, of al Capital Picked Up Hecw Aim of, Uncle Sam experiments in a race of husky young giants, to whom sickness and HI health will be a rarity. To first re move the cause for illness and then replace poor food with good will be the aim of the experiment, and the results are expected to be evident in the human machine thus constructed. The movement is the result of nu merous inquiries from parents and others who have suggested that there might be a possibility of impurities in children's foods. For a time ex periments on a small scale have been carried on, but it has been made ap parent to Dr. Wiley that a more ex tensive investigation into the subject will not only reveal the fact that there are impurities in the foods now of fered on the market, but will show a way to bring about better conditions of health for children generally. Dr. Wiley believes that the manu facturers will have the matter as much at heart as will the bureau of chemistry, and for this reason he is asking each maker of babies' foods to make a report not only on the kinds of foods sold by him, but what he would deem a proper food. It is from the physicians, however, that the best information is expected because of their intimate dealings with actual conditions. , In connection with the inquiry a special investigation will be made into foods for the use of invalids and that used in hospitals in the treatment of the sick. Thorough Cleansing the same, the death rate in the zone, the difference in population consid ered, is considerably less than here. Sanitary experts express themselves as being shocked at the conditions ex isting here, and in man)' other Amer ican cities, after what has been ac complished under most discouraging conditions on the Isthmus of Panama. They say that there is absolutely no excuse for the prevalance of such con ditions, and so far as Washington is corncerned, a determined effort will be made to eliminate them. Government bacteriologists, chem ists and experts in other branches of science are now investigating the con ditions prevailing in many hotels and restaurants, among them some of the best in the city, and it is said that a number of warrants will be issued for the arrest of some of the proprietors of these establishments. The house cleaning is to be general and thor ough; the nation's capital will be turned inside out, stood on its end. and turned upside down, and the scraping, dusting, spraying and touch ing up it will receive will be a sur- prise to the natives. Mail Delivery Field on a 26-mile route in one of the New England states. Miss Sennot has held the position for three years, and al though the route is a long one and is thickly wooded in some sections, Miss Sennot says she has no fear in driving over the route alone. She carries no weapon of defense, but considers that she is able to take care of herself. When asked what induced her to enter the service. Miss Sennot said that one day, about three years ago, the regular carrier told her he was un able to find a substitute, and jokingly asked her if she would like to sub stitute for him. "I told him I would like to be his as sistant or substitute," said Miss Sen not, "providing he had horses that had some life. Ke agreed he had good horses, so I was sworn in as his sub stitute. "No, I have never been afraid, be cause there is nothing to fear. I have every one wearing a smile, and for that reason I believe I have their good wills." laughed at the offer. Arabian horses are not to easy to obtain in America. Soon after the minister reached Washington Mundji Hey. according to the story told by the chagrined minis ter afterward, suggested that he make a gift of the horse to the New Yorker, and the gift was made. A few days ago Mehmed Ali re ceived his recall. He was stranded. Naturally the thought of a loan from the New York cigarette manufacturer occurred to him. "Lend me 2.000 until I see my father, who, as you know, is wealthy," he wrote. "Had I known that your horse had a siring tied to it I should never have accepted it." came the startling reply. "If you wish the horse back I will return it to you," continued the curt missive. Desperate and incensed, the minis ter said "Return it." There came no repl3 It is said. "Go and get my Arabian horse from Schinasi," Mehmed Ali Bey wrote to Davenport. The cartoonist went, but came back without the horse. Thor oughly outdone, the stranded minister decided to turn over to Davenport the remaining horse of the pair, for he had to have money. He got it and left America via. Cauada. ttfttm IN INDIA buminoids, whereas the proportion in indian wheat is but 12.5 per cent, and in oatmeal only 10". In other words "befri" is C3 per cent, more nutritious than wheat and 2S more so than oatmeal. Thy Wife. Thy wife is a constellation of vir tues. She's the moon, and thou art the man in the moon. William Con-grevn. HIGHEST SALARIED WOMAN. Miss Amcndt Receives $20,000 a Year, But Prefers Domestic Life. New York. The distinction of betas the highest salaried woman ia New York, ia the opiaioa of Miss Aaaa Louise Ameadt, who draws something aear $20,090 a year, does aot compea sate for the sacrifice of domestic ties which such a saccess exacts. -This 4s-what-Miss Ameadt; who Is the most Yalaable employe ef the big gest real estate concern in this city, told me as she sat in her huge leather WfMNALfflENDT cushioned chair in her beautifully ap pointed office: "I suppose many women envy me, but, to my mind, to be a good mother and wife is the grandest of ail of successes. Home is the natural sphere for every woman, and no mat ter in what direction her lines may be cast she can not entirely shake off that desire to regn as its queen some time. "It Is just this one ruling element In her life that prevents her from attaining equal success with men. The average girl lives in hope that some day a husband will come along and shoulder her burden. It is only when she rids hersedf of this thought that definite success in business comes, for concentration is one of the keynotes to success. "Another thing: Women are doubt ful of their ability to accomplish vast .results, and it is impossible to do a? thing as long as a doubt rests ia our mind. "When I started out to earn my Hy iag I began as a stenographer with a salary of $15 a week. It was not such a great while until my check was in creased to $50. That did not look so big to me, but it would have satisfied the average woman. "My checks continued to increase, until they ran into the thousands. Of course, my usefulness had increased, for I was not satisfied with being a stenographer. I had learned every phase of the business and could put a big deal through with as much ability as could any man in the office. I pre pared all of the literature. In fact, there is no part of the business with which I am not familiar. "But with all my success I would not advise the young girl to seek a career. For in my belief the girl who gets married is on the right road to happiness. Success in all lines is hard." HAS HELD GREAT WEALTH. Platform in Washington at Which Treasury Shipments Are Loadtd. Washington. "The treasure block" in this city a small, iron-banded, oak platform has held incalculable Washington "Treasure Block." wealth. It is only five feet by five and yet every year it holds more riche3 than any marble or granite bank build ing in the world. It is sometimes called the "money block" of the United State treasury. It stands on the sidewalk at the east front of the treas ury and at a narrow entrance which leads to the treasure vaults of the big gray building where is deposited the nation's wealth. Bullion, coin, currency, and bonds to and from the treasury, the sub treasury, the mints, and banks, are loaded or unloaded at this block. Treasury shipments or remitttances in bulk are made in small iron safes. A treasure wagon, guarded by armed men, runs between the union railway station and the treasury, and millions of dollars are also taken on and dis charged at this block by the wagons of the several express companies. It is estimated that more tian a billion dol lars a year passes over this rude little platform. Plain-Living Emperor. Although the majority of royal per sonages are noted for their lavish din ner tables, there is at least one reign ing monarch whose meals are of the simplest. This monarch is the em peror of China. His whole life is lived in obedience to the most stringent etiquette and his food is all regulated for him by statute. So strict are the laws governing the imperial household that when he desires a new dish he has to pass a special decree before he can have it, and the court physicians keep a strict watch over his appetite. Should he show a special liking for any particular viand, the chances are that they will persuade him not to take it, under the pretense that it may prove injurious to his health. lIBprY B aZsJ "" flBaaaahgVBSaaaaaaflBamL hw jJaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa aw Ks" '''