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Work thought out ahead is half
done.
Keep cheery and half of your
troubles will disappear.
The runty pig is poor stock to raise
and should never be bred from.
Have you ever been able to discover
the economy of the half-starved calf?
The kind of crops a man grows is
a. pretty good index to the man's
character.
A mash of two quarts of middlings
will put the pigs in condition for mar
ket next fall.
In picking your breeder for next
year's stock remember that the rooster
is more than half the Cock.
Open up a burlap bag at the seam
and throw over the cow when milking.
It will prove a big protection from the
flies and will help keep her quiet.
Alcohol, tobacco, iced-drlnks, stimu
lating food and strong tea and coffee
increase the effects of the hot
weather.
The shiftless farmer is half glad of
the break in the machine that takes
him to town where he can loaf and
gossip for half a day.
The farmer who loves the soft side
of his bed in the morning more than
he docs a soft bed for his crops, is the
Jarmer who never discovers that farm
ing pays.
Clean out the horse stalls every day.
Shake out the bedding, removing the
stained litter and putting the rest on
a rack to dry and air. Then sweep
out the stall so it will get dry.
She Was a Hard Milker. Summer
Hoarder "How much milk does that
cow you are milking give?" Perspir
ing and Overworked Milker "She
don't give none. What yer get yer got
to work hard fer."
Better to try, and in the trying make
mistakes than not to try at all. The
firmer that is not ready to experi
ment with new methods and new
crops even thcugli his first atfemptr
are a partial failure, is the farmer who
never improves. .
"Wire fences increase the danger tc
stock from lightning, but this danger
can be almost entirely overcome bj
running a wire which is in contact
with all the wires cf the fence into the
ground. Such wires should be placet'
at about every tenth to fifteenth post
Pigs in the clover is no joke, neith
er is it a puzzle. The puzzle is thaf
any farmer should try to raise pigr
without giving them pasturage, and thr
joke, if joke there be, is on the fel!ow
wlicse hogs are not ready for market
when they should be. It pays to keer
the pigs growing, and good pasturage
with grain feed is the thing that will
do the turn.
Keep your eye on the new machine
for loosening bolts. Small parts are
apt to work loose during the first sea
son's use. Certain boxes or bearings
may fit too tightly, thus causing them
to heat, while others may need tight
ening. There Is nothing that "will
shorten the life of farm machinery
more than the carelessness of not
keeping all nuts, screws and lugs tight.
A wrench should always be found in
connection with machines which are
in operation, and it should be used
"when necessary.
Rye makes a good early pasture in
the spring and a late pasture in the
fall. "It is very hardy and will grow
on very poor land, and make a fair
quality of hay when cut and cured a
the right time. When plowed under,
it will add humus to the soil, and as z
winter crop it is the best that we can
grow in the north. One matter we
should keep in mind, and that is not
to allow it to get too large before
plowing under. This makes trouble
for when plowed under it is apt tc
shut off the water connections from
below, and the growing crop will suffer
'from the effects of dry weather.
Dairy farmers will watch with much
. interest the model dairy farm estab-
'. li&hed by ttfj Kaasus Experiment su
tion, where a series of yearly experi
meats will be carried on to ascertain
hew many cows can profitably be kept
on 42 acres. The dairy herd has bee-1
reduced somewhat and Prof. Kenda!
wishes to build up the herd Iargel
with Guernsey and Ayrshire breeds, as
he deems them hardy and adapted tc
Kansas conditions, and also excellent
dairy breeds. The entire 42 acres has
been in blue grass and 18.1 acres have
been plowed and thee plots will be
used as follows: Plot 1, 6.6 acres for
cornvEilase; plot 2. 3.5 acres for corn
" for; soiling (feeding as cut) ; plot 3.
" three acres for cowpeas for hay; plot
- 4. five acres for later corn silage
From 11.6 acres he expects to ha-e
enough silage to fill two 80-ton silos.
As he cuts the corn from plot 2 he will
sew part to cowpeas sowing all of this
plot to alfalfa in early September. A
part of plot 1 or 4 will also be sowed
to alfalfa and next year five acre3 will
be taken from the 24 acres of pasture
and put in .corn for silage. The idea
is to limit the pasture area and add tc
tht. acreage for soiling, ensilage and
alfalfa.
Let the beginner be. content with a
small flock.
It is a poor plan to try and keep
eggs too long in hot weather.
There is still room at the top for
the intelligent, progressive farmer.
Managed right the hog will'do more
for the farmer than most any other ,
aminai.
The first two years of a cow's life al
most inevitably determine her future
usefulness.
Even flow of milk can be secured
from most cows by proper manage
ment and feed.
Commercial apple growing is pay
ing increasing dividends to those en
gaged in the business.
Plenty of shade for the hens these
days. And they must have a cool
house to roost in at night.
Some farmers are so scientific as to
lose sight of the practical ends to be
obtained by their scientific notions.
The game of checkers in the corner
store may sharpen your wits, but it
tvill not drive out the weeds from the
corn field.
If the cats are fed extra well during
the period when the young chicks are
running free you will find they will
not be so prone to an occasional
chicken dinner.
When you put the incubator away
were you careful to see that the water
tank was empty? The ground makes
a good place to set the late broody
hen. Protect from sun and rain.
The horse that is hard to catch In
the pasture can be coaxed to your side
if when you go to get him you take him
a little sugar. A few times trying and
he will learn to come trotting up to
you for the expected treat.
It docs seem sometimes that the fre
quent housing of the different ma
chines used during the season .is a
waste of time, but you will not think
so when you find that the well-cared-for
machine will outlast two of your
careless neighbor.
Don't let your brain go to sleep
while you are doing the farm work.
Keep eyes and ears open for new
sights and sounds that will place you
in closer touch with your crops and
stock and enable you to more intelli
gently provide the conditions which
will mean success for you.
Is the milking machine safe to use?
A New Jersey dairyman who used one
of the patent milking devices states,
that under his own personal operation,
hc machines actually increased the
milk flow, but that when the duty was
laid on an overworked superintendent,
fcme of the cows were injured. It
would seem, therefore, that the opera
'ion of a milking machine calls for
carefulness and intelligence.
The little girl who said that the i
best way to keep milk from souring !
was to leave it in the cow paid a de-
served compliment to the cow without t
tnowmg it ana unconsciously con
ienmed her elders for uncleanly
nethods. The milk stays sweet In the
bag because kept away from contam
"nating germs. The cleaner the meth
ods in the dairy while the milk is be
ing drawn and while it is being
'landled the longer will it keep sweet
and wholesome.
Experiments by the Nebraska exper-
iment station has demonstrated that
the rolling of the winter wheat in the
-pring gives increased yield, theaver
ige increased yield obtained daring
four years amounted to 5.1 bushels per
acre. The rolling was given scon after
frost went out in the spring, and the
beenfit derived from rolling is believed
to be due to the fact that the roller
settles the earth firmly about the
young wheat roots, causing them to
.tool and root much better.
One farmer who has been troubled
with rats and successfully got rid of
.hem did it in the following way: He
nut out corn meal for several nights,
and when the suspicions of the shrewd
old rats are allayed, put out the same
"dnd of bait in the same place with
iny good rat poison well mixed. After
one dose, those remaining will not
'ouch roisoned bait of any kind for
some time, and probably never the
same kind. In a week or so put out
?ome other kind of bait like cheesa
-r meat, and repeat the operation.
Traps will catch a few, but the best
nlan is to make buildings and gran
aries as nearly vermin-proof as possi
ble. "Corn is King." and rightfully
should reign at the National Corn ex
position to be held at Omaha next De
cember, but that is no reason why
alfalfa should not be accorded the dis
incticn of having a palace, in fact
why should not this wonderful forage
crop be crowned as queen and reign
"iongside of King Corn. An alfalfa
-slace is to be one of the unique fea
ures of the coming show. The palace
is to be built of bales of alfalfa and
lined with exhibits of alfalfa and other
grasses. Valuable premiums are to be
offered for the best types of the al
falfa plant, and many growers will se
cure hay presses and modern ma
chines for baling the alfalfa.
-The practical value of denatun
ardi al
.atter conoi 10 me iarmer is still a satter
of live interest. Dr. H. W. Wilev.
chief of the bureau of chemistry, de-
partment of agriculture, replying to
a request for information about the
federal appropriation, said:
"The appropriation of $10,000 for
demonstration purposes, is expected
to be utilized in the erection of a
-mall distilling plant in which we can
demonstrate the feasibility and profit
of making alcohol from the waste
materials of the farm, and from some
products which may be specially
grown for this purpose. We shall In
vite each of the experiment stations
to send us a man to receive what
benefit he can from, our experiments,
and instructions from those operating
the olant here."
King of Political Pests
Is the "Four-Flusher"
'By EWVEST McGAFFEy
As a Ride His Good Thing Tarns Oat to Be a Pair of Deuces.
m
HE term "four-flushing." "al
though of comparatively
recent origin, merely
means. In its last analysis,
a pretense. Jt is a poker
term, meaning in that game the prac
tice of pretending that you have five
cards of one suit when you only have
four of one suit and one of another,
and of trying to win with that kind
of a hand, in hopes that the other play
ers will believe that you have a gen
uine "flush," five cards In one suit
It Is a favorite pastime in the great
American game to bet high on a
"four flush" to Intimidate or "tlmlfy"
'he others at the card table and there
by "rake down the pot." But it does
not always work.
In politics 1 have seen enormous
quantities of "four-flushing" Indulged
in; and in fact about two-fifths of all
politics is "four-flushing."
In the various angles of the political
game there may be counter "four
flushing," or practicing the art on
both sides, or if there are four or five"
candidates in ihe field, there may be
! only .ne candidate who really stands
any suow oi election, ana a quartette
of "four-flushers" gaily bringing up
the rear. The also rans" have entered
the race for various reasons. Some
of them get a little notoriety, some of
them to try their political strength,
and others for the purpose of leading
a forlorn hope against the probable
winner.
There are "four-flushers" who ply
their vocation deliberately, and those
who do it by dint of long practice at
dissimulation; and still others who
have the practice forced on them by
reason of circumstances. Some men
are born to It; other men achieve
"four-flushing, and others still have it
thrust upon them There are the loud
mouthed and noisy members of the
tribe, and also the quiet and persuas
Ively earnest devotees of the cult. The
blatant ones are the. fellows who usu
ally wear a large "headlight" diamond
stud, and who bring down to the down
town political headquarters astonish
ing reports abcut what they are going
to do in their particular wards.
I recollect particularly one of this
kind. He was always going to do
great things. And he would demon
strate by verba: mathematics just how
it was a "cinch" that he had the ward
tied up as tight as a snare drum. AH
suggestions that he might possibly be
mistaken were either pooh-poohed
away, or you were given to under
stand that you were "dead nutty."
This gentleman would keep on swell
ing until the morning after election,
and then he would disappear for a few
days. When hp reappeared, with his
ward knocked "galley-west" In the
election, and about 99 per cent of his
predictions gone wrong, he would still
have that old "bluffy" walk on him,
and would be gabbing triumphantly
about some precinct that bad gone his
way, and explaining how they would
nave aj went tee same way If "Bill
Botsford" or "Joe Sammons" or "Pete
Highball" had "stuck." The only of
fensive thing about this lobster's atti
tude was that he assumed that some
one was going to believe him. He was
per se a "stiff," as such cattle are
termed in politics, and a laughing
stock among seasoned politicians, but
ne went about imagining that he was
, a real factor in politics, when he could
j scarcely control his own vote.
j As a rule, these "plugs" were fellows
who had accidentally gotten a little
fleeting notoriety In the ward. They
might by some strange accident have
even been elected alderman for one
ternu Or they might have been can
didates on one occasion for that of
fice. Bat everybody was "on ,to"
them.
The quiet sllky "four-flasher" was
the one who tip-toed around with
great schemes for carrying the elec-
' tion by following his advice. He was
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the fellow who would get you in a
corner and reason with you, emphasiz
ing his "points" earnestly, but in an
undertone.
"You know how that is, Mac," he
would go on. "The people out there
feel that way, and that's the way they
leel all over the city. It's strange to
me that some one hasn't pointed it out
to the mayor. If something isn't done
we'll lose out election day. Such a
comparatively small thing, too. It
don't make any difference to me per
sonally, for I don't care. But I don't
want to see our boys lose. Somebody
ought to see his honor about It I'm
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just telling you because you can see
for yourself how it Is. We need every
vote we can rake and scrape. There's
lots of ugly talk about this thing in
my neighborhood, and it's the same
everywhere. Well, so long."
Now this "song and dance" might
be reeled off by some fellow who had
a 25-foot lot that was on a street that
was about to Le paved with a cheap
paving, and his "advice" was a "four
flush" to try to get a "reconsideration"
by the board of local improvements of
the order to pave. If he succeeded, he
would save a few dollars in assess
ments. He goes away thinking he has
"started something doing" which may
lead to a "reconsideration." The facts
are that his "spiel" has fallen on ab-'
solutely barren ground. The question
of politics "cuts no ice" whatever
with the matter he is arguing, and a
passing street band playing "Hiawa
tha" would exert as much influence as
he does in politics. Everyone except
ing himself know that what he says,
does, thinks and feels is of no more
importance than a rabbit
No one but a rank "four-flusher"
makes these senseless "breaks," but
the large cities simply swarm with
rank "four-flushers."
A favorite scheme of the standard
"four-flushers" in elections was to put
up an "independent" "dummy" candi
date. Somethlmes two "dummy" can
didates were put forward In the race.
Suppose, for instance, that "A" and
"B" are the regular candidates of the
main parties. "B," we will say, la the
stronger of the two. "A" finances the
nomination of an "independent" cant
didate, or a Prohibition, Labor-Socialist
or any old candidate whom he may
think will weaken "B's" "chances. If
"B" thinks the move will weaken him,
he may up with an "Independent" can-
didate of "A's" party stripe, and pay
his expenses to cut into "A's" vote.
All this is "four-flushing" to make
the voters believe there are four or
five "Richmonds In the field" when, in
fact, "A" and 'B" are the. only real
figures in the contest, and the extra
candidates are "fakes." And the
beauty about it is that these "inde
pendent" or other campaigns are often
waged valiantly and a tremendous
amount of dust and excitement kicked
up about them. But the real independ
ent, the independent who sometimes
gets elected on a genuine and not
"faked" race, Is usually some disgrun-
tied Republican or Democrat who,
after election, siides gracefully back
into party traces, perfectly satisfied
to have his "independence" elect him,
but carrying the joke no further.
Reform is a prolific source of politi
cal "four-flushing." Take 6ome busi
ness which offends certain of the more
puritanically mclined citizens. This !
business may D9 reguiariy licensed
and declared legal, and there may be
constitutional grounds which, until a
change in the constitution, would ab
solutely preven'. interference in the
business on the part of the authori
ties. Does this daunt the "four-flusher"
who wishes a little advertising?
Not a bit of it He gets together his
cohorts and besieges the political au
thorities demanding that they do those
things which are under- the law abso
lutely forbidden.
The authorities consult the law de
partment and the department gives
an opinion, based on the soundest au
thority, that the proposition is unten
able. Then the reforming "four-.
flusher" holds a few public meetings
and adds some more "four-flushers" to
the list Speeches are made and the
authorities are denounced, also the
lawyers who have given the dissent
ing opinion to the views of the reform
"four-flushers."
Then some scintillating genius
among the brethren suggests that, an
injunction be obtained from some per
fectly "unbiased" judge. A descent
Is made upon the courts, a perfectly
"unbiased" and complaisant jurist is
picked out who issues an injunction,
and the "four-flushers" gather to offer
up thanks. An appeal being taken
from his ruling, the state court or the
supreme court of the United States,
hands down an opinion that the "un
biased" judge is an "ass," or word to
Ms Ways, Ms SiawMrs. Ms
Methods, Ms Dress, aai
rry-hy-Nfeht Electioa
To-day, He Resurrects
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new vvw.
with the Other Party-How
He Takes U Reform assa
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'hat effect and the injunction Is dis
solved. Thereupon the "four-flushers" hold
additional meetings in which they de
lounce the supreme courts, and. as
soon as a new set of authorities come
into power, resume the old "bluff" of
asking that the business which they
do not like be suppressed.
One of the most unique of political
"four-flushers" is the man who is
"bucking the game" solely on his
nerve. I recollect one such individ
ual, and he was certainly a classic
specimen; and a nervy proposition.
A certain hotelkeeper bad been se
lected as a candidate for aldermanic
honors. At party headquarters, after
his name had been offered and deter
mined upon, a committee of "promi
nent citizens" was picked out to noti
fy the gentleman of the honor which
had been accorded him. Among
others, this "hot sport" was chosen, as
he was a very neat talker, and the
chairmanship of the notifying commit
tee was reserve-1 to him, as the man
who was best qualified to break the
news to the hotelkeeper of his selec
tion as the aldermanic standard
bearer. At that time of the year, early
spring, a number of these "prominent
citizens" were wearing light over
coats, and our hero was nattily attired
in one which buttoned high to his
throat with an immaculate silk muf
fler folded neatly above it
As the committee entered the rotun
da of the hotel it met the then city
clerk, who. on invitation, accompanied
them on their trip.
The Boniface was sent for, a pri
vate room opened and the gentleman
with the dove-colored spring overcoat
and silk muffler stepped from the
group of "prominent citizens" and
urged the acceptance by the tentative
candidate of the honor vouchsafed
him. It was a neat speech, and told
of the "representative citizens" who
were present, anxious to lend their
prestige and solid business standing
to his campaign, all "prominent busi
ness men," and all desirous of having
the ward taken care of in the council
by a man of their own stamp.
The hotelkeeper was very much
gratified, accepted the honor in a few
words and invited the committee to
take dinner with him, it being just
about six in the evening. All but the
city clerk and the orator of the even
ing accepted toe invitation with alac
rity. The orator, however pleaded an
imperative engagement, and the city
clerk bad to catch a train. But as
these two cam. out of the hotel the
city clerk, who knew his companion
as a sort of "fly-by night" ward politi
cian, said. "Why didn't you stay and
take dinner with the committee, Dick?
The old man will give the boys a fine
feed In there."
To which the politician, with a per
fectly nonchalant air, replied: "I'd
havn liked to, first rate; but I haven't
got any shirt on." at the same time
opening bis spring overcoat and dis
closing underneath his stylish muf
fler the unmistakable presence of a
neat but not gaudy undershirt next to
his manly chest
The city clerk reached into his vest
pocket and dislodged a two-dollar bill.
This he handed to his friend. "You're
a dandy representative citizen all
right, Dick." he remarked, "and a first
class business man. Go and get you a
shirt with that and then buy some
thing to eat"
ERNEST M'GAFFEY."
(Copyright. 1908. by Joseph B. Bowles.)
Few meh succeed in living up to
their opinions of themselves.
LEADING GERMAN SUFFRAGIST.
Dr. Anita Augspurg Has Served Many
Prison Terms for Her Cause.
Berlin. Fraulein Dr. Anita Aug
spurg, leader of the German claim
ants of votes for women in Germany,
has served 70 terms In prison for her
insistence in 'behalf of her cause, and
probably holds the record. "
"The Anita," as her followers call
her, recently attracted attention agaia
by her repudiation of the social demo
crats in the name of the woman suf
frage movement. The socialists have
ioug been looked upon as thevespeclal
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friends of the advocates of "votes for
women."
The movements of no other woman
in Germany outside of the members of
the royal family are followed more
closely by the public than those of
Dr. Augspurg. She is a familiar fig
ure in almost every part of the Ger
man empire, her mass of short, curly
hair, and close-fitting reform garb
making her an easy mark for the cu
rious. It Is. Dr. Augsnurs's tongue which
has landed her so often behind prison
bars. She is a fearless speaker, and
In a country like Germany her opin-
I ions on the equality of the sexes
I are regarded as little short of revplu-
tlonary.
Her latest, sojourn In prison was the
consequence of a few remarks on
the Hamburg police,, after witnessing;
an attempt to quell a street riot
She was a born orator and politi
cian. She has that greatest of all
gifts for speaking, personal magnet
ism. This German woman Is a lawyer.
She is practically the mother of the
women's movement in Germany. In
1902 she founded the Woman's Suf
frage league, of which she Is now
president. ,
The career of Dr. Augspurg Is an ex
ample of the triumph of a strong
minded woman over the conventions
that hedge about the sex in Germany.
Practically her whole life has been a
preparatory school for the unique po
sition which she now holds. She
was raised in a family of jurists.
MERCHANT MARINE LEAGUE.
Joseph G. Butler of Yo'ungstown, O,
Elected President
Youngstown, O. Joseph G. Butler,
Jr., of this city, who has been elected
president of the Merchant Marine
League of the United States, has been
for many years general manager of
the Brier Hill Iron & Coal company,
and is a recognized authority on pig
Iron. When the Bessemer Pig Iron
association was first formed Mr. But
ler was chosen as chairman, and he
still occupies that position. He has
been connected with iron manufacture
since boyhood and is considered to be
one of the chief authorities in the
United States on blast furnaces, coke
ind iron ore matters. Mr. Butler is
reputed to be a keen student of men
and affairs and long has been inter
ested in the work of the Merchant Ma
rine league. He succeeds Harvey D.
Goulder, who resigned the presidency.
Costly English Railroads.
The directors of the Great Northern,
Great Central and Great Eastern Rail
way companies of England have de
cided to seek parliamentary powers
with a view to entering into a working
agreement based upon the arrange
ments recently approved by the share
holders of the Great Central and Great
Northern companies. The three com
panies have already made arrange
ments for cooperation in connection
with the movement of their traffic,
which will tend toward economy la
working. The existing capital outlays
of the three companies amount to a
total of 161,000.000, and this large
sum of meney has been expended
chiefly upon the construction of about
2,712 miles of railways. Including the
sums expended upon hotels, harbors;
wharves and other miscellaneous pur
poses, the average cost a mi e of road
works out at the very large figure ef
about 60,000.
The treasures of tb Ijcuvre are now
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