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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (May 27, 1908)
7 , V . - . T TJX v- , -J -' -'J-, .;- - v - . . n S Al I re 1 l , V te vmmmmmmmmmMmmmmmmmemm&mszwzmmmsmmmwggmm&mmmmm ' ' - . ' J &EfUffiWN6r 1 4 . i-.- ft i . t V ' ,1." irMr Disinfect the incubator after each batch. Breed the sows this month for September pigs. Too heavy feeding of the sows may lead to the sickness of her pigs. Shoulder or back sores en a horse are a reproach to the owner of the animal. Now Is the time to plan for succu lent food for the time when the pas turage will become poor. Many a weedy field is the product of the farmer's indifference to the value of cleaned and pure seed. . A little care is all that is necessary to keep the collar and harness from chafing the horse and developing sores. Provide a breeding plot where you can grow your corn under special ob servation and provide Improved seed for use next year. Proper orchard cultivation can only be determined by understanding char acter of the soil, slope of the land, age of the trees, and the varieties. Look out for bloat In the sheep when turning out to pasture. Break them in slowly. Turn them on the grass after giving the customary feed. Don't let the warm weather "'catch you without having cleaned and white-washed the poultry .house. It is easier to keep the lice pests down if you start early. Look out 'for red rust in the black berry patch. When seed promptly dig up and burn the Infected plant, being careful not to scatter the fungus dust over healthy bushes. Don't yank and pull the horses around and shout at them. This is the surest way of not getting them to do what you want done. The horse is an intelligent animal, if you are not Learn to be patient. Don't fret over the weather. God has been sending the seasons around one after the other for millions upon millions of years and He knows what He is about You can not improve on the Divine program, much, as you think you could, some times. There is only one way to keep bac teria out of milk and that is by way of cleanliness. The milker needs to be clean, the cows need to be wiped off, "the milking needs to be done through sterilized cheese cloth, the milk removed from barn at once and cooled and then set where it will not be affected by dust or odors. Now you are reaping the fruits of the good wintering of your cows. While your neighbor's cows which were only half fed through a mistaken Idea of economy are responding but poorly to the green pasturage, your cows have leaped right to the top notch of a splendid milk flow. Makes you feel good, don't it And the cows feel good, too. The Minnesota experiment station has proved that a dangerous medium in the distribution of tuberculosis is the manure of infected cattle, which, in its dry form, may readily be blown into milk in the stables. The utmost care should be taken to isolate all cat tle known to be, or suspected of being, affected with tuberculosis, not only for the safety of human life, but for the welfare of the herd. Here is a point to remember in car ing for your stock next winter. Some recent tests have shown the value of good quarters and plenty of bed ding for fattening animals. It was shown that when a steer is standing up he uses from 30 to 50 per cent 5iorevfood for making body heat than he does when he is lying down. Pro vide plenty of bedding and get the most growth. Now do consider the matter of sending your boy to your state agri cultural college. He ought to be a bet ter farmer than you, no matter how successful you have been, and the way to make him so is to put him in a position where he can learn the lat est and most scientific agricultural methods. He can get the theoretical knowledge at school and you can keep him evenly balanced by supplying the practical knowledge. n Fight the weeds with the sprayer. Prof. H. L. Bolley of North Dakota has shown by experiment that certain cheap chemicals like copperas, also 6adt can be used as. a spray on the young weeds so as to kill or retard them effectively without injury to the growing crop. The method is cheap enough to be employed in graiafields -where other methods of- control are difficult to apply. The tests wit V this process have been .extensiveenongh to show that it is likely to become a permanent method in the sain' Crowing states. The experiment1 sta tions score again an d prove once more the wisdom and value of spending pub lic fuads in maintaining them. j. - There,is onTy one'eure for the sfctep worrying dog. Scaly legs can bs cared by appli cation of ccal-gas tar. . - It is the early lamb to Vir martlet which catches the highest price. You like your bath and the horse likes to be curried. It does him good, too. Manage the pasture as would a hay field. It is a most Important and valuable part of the farm. The cow that has been intelligently wintered will now give good report of herself as she gets on full grass. As a rule it does not pay to doctoil poultry. Preventive measures are beW ter than all the remedies you can find. Give the lawn clippings to the hens and the little chicks, if they are con fined in yards. They will make good use of them. Exchange ideas with your neighbor, give him-a helping hand occasionally, speak the encouraging word, be really and truly neighborly. The second corn exposition is booked for Omaha next December. Go in and try for some of the many prizes which will be offered. A good cow poorly kept needs a new master, a poor cow well kept is unprofitable, and should be sent to the butcher to make room for a good cow. Pumpkins growing in the corn rob the corn of nothing which it needs, and it gives the farmer an abundance of good feed for the cattle during the winter. Keep in touch with the young stock during the summer. Visit them at least once a week. Take them some salt In this way you will keep them from getting too wild. , Blue grass provides the most satis factory pasturage as It forms a firm rod not injured by the tramping of the cattle. It Is a persistent grower, and it is rich in protein. Almost every farmer will find the silo a profitable investment . By its aid you can provide succulent feed for the cows the year round, and thus keep the milk flow up to the top notch all the time. With the coming of warmer weather, and the time of year when the mid day sun is strong, do not forget that the sheep and lambs need shade. If there are no trees in the pasture, pro vide some kind of shelter. One can be made out of rough boards and thatch roof in the fence corner. Get the habit! What habit? The habit of doing your farm work on time and according to the most approved methods. In other words get the habit of getting out of the ruts and staying out The farmer is the most prone to get into habits that are bad and then sticking to them, so that it is hard to be lieve sometimes that he has any sense at all. Get the habit of getting out of the old bad habits and getting into good new habits. Feed the skim milk, don't make cheese. Cheese sold off the farm takes more nitrogen with it than "but ter, the loss being about one dollars worth of nitrogen for every 1,000 pounde of milk used. If you sell but ter you sell only the butter fat, which has no particular fertilizing value. If you get your skim milk back and feed it to pigs you save at' least 75 per cent of the fertilizing material in the milk. There can be no objection to making and selling cheese, however, if the plan of farming includes some means of restoring the nitrogen and phosphates sent out in this way. Ringbone that has become firmly es tablished upon a horse's leg is hard to treat. Firing seems the most sat isfactory method, but this should be done by a good veterinarian. In its early stages ringbone may sometimes be cured by proper shoeing which will straighten the foot and relieve the strain which causes the trouble. Ring bone is caused by injury to the ten dons of the foot or by blows, sprains, or overworking before the bones have been fully formed and hardened. It is regarded as one of the diseases which may be transmitted by heredity, or, rather, the tendency to it may be transmitted. Pigs in the clover now mean dollars in the pocket next fall. The clover supplies the young animals with the material out of which to build up-a good frame. When clover Is fed :n abundance in the form of green, suc culent herbage, it is so readily, eaten and digested that it makes it possible to soon begin the feeding of corn to advantage. It has been found that under such conditions the pigs make an eco nomical growth on corn and clover. A great many farmers do not appre ciate the value of clover to the grow ing pigs. If they cannot be pastured on it they should have it cut and brought to them. Alfalfa is of the same general nature and can take the place of clover where it can be grown. One successful horticulturist tells how he raises fall strawberries. He says: I set fall-bearing varieties in the spring, setting them about one foot apart in the rows, and rows 30 inches apart I remove all fruit stems up to July 20, also all runners, if any appear. The reason I prefer setting in the spring is because most of the plants will send, out new roots from the crown, which will not die in Au gust and September, as is the case with fall-set plants. This is very im portant as the plants need good, strong roots to -mature the large crops they produce. Again,- spring-set plants do not have so many leaves as when fall-set which are apt to get so large and bushy that it interferes with pollenization of the blossoms. -As to quality of fruit it is of Setter flavor than summer berries. .u -i.... r Naturally, the largest industry in Newfoundland is the cod-fishing, but decidedly the most picturesque is seal hunting, one of the most perilous of the world's vocations. From 8,000 to 10,000 men are regularly employed in it and many an exciting adventure do these men experience In their quest for the valuable skins of the seals. We are reminded of the dangers en countered by the fishermen when we read in a telegram from St John's of five sealing steamers being badly damaged by ice-floes, one having sunk with the loss of 20,000 skins, valued at $60,000. The scene of the hunt is the ice fields which drift southward in the spring of each year from the Arctic regions, and a bleaker or more deso late region could scarcely be fojind. The Arctic current, sweeping south ward along the coasts of Labrador and Newfoundland, carries with it a va riety of animal life, and is one of the great feeding grounds for deep-sea fish such as cod and mackerel, which form the food of the seals. There are four species of seal in the waters around Newfoundland and Lab rador the bay seal, the harp, the hood, and the square-flipper. The bay seal does not migrate like the others, but frequents the mouths of rivers and the harbors near the coast It is never found on the ice. Mostly taken in net, it is commercially of small importance. The harp seal the seal of commerce is so called because it has a broad curved line of connected dark spots proceeding from each shoulder and meeting on the back above the tail, forming a figure something like an ancient harp. The hood is much larg er than the harp. The male, called by the hunters "doghood," is distin guished from the female by a singu lar hood or bag of flesh on his nose which he can inflate and use as a protection. The square-flipper is iden tical with the Greenland seal, but is only occasionally met with on the ice floes off the Labrador coast The gathering together of the two great herds of seals, the harps vand the hoods, at the same spot and pre cisely at the same time every year, is one of the most interesting facts In natural history. Up to the middle or February the seals have been wander ing all over the ocean, but just at this .time they settle down on the ice-floe or anchor-ice, a great plain usually frozen in solid with the land and sur rounding islands, for the purpose of breeding. With the gaff the hunter delivers a sharp blow upon the nose of the seal, the most vulnerable point, and in the case of young seals this blow is in stantly fatal. In a moment the man is on his knees, his large jack-knife is at work, and the skin with the adher ing fat is detached rapidly from the carcass, which is left on the ice. The pelts, as the skin and adhering fat are called, are then bound up in bundles and dragged over the hummocky ice to the side of the steamer. The old seals are not so easily disposed of as this. The skull -and the hide of the dog-seal are frequently so thick that he cannot be killed with the gaff used on the younger ones. He is therefore shot with a rifle. Each squad of seal hunters carries at least one gun, in tended for this purpose. BRANDY AGED Three Demijohns of Liquor Recovered After Thirty Years. Many stories are written and told of lost treasures found, but the find by Thomas Yancy, an old exconfederate soldier, equals that of any yet told. It brings back to the older .residents of this section memories of the past when they used to thread through the thickets and forests and swampy lands hereabouts.' During those days, over 30 years ago, there stood near what is now known s'Old Shady Grove" bridge a stillhouse known to every .man in this section. This stillhouse :was owned and operated, by -Bill Sta ten. Not far distant coming out of the side of a red clay bill,- is a beautiful bubbling spring running the same to day as it did .nearly, half : a century ago. From this spring comes the wa iter used in the 'stillhouse.! After it had operated for many years the revenue officers made a raid and, Bill Staten .was captured and sent to jail, but Sta tan's assistant, T. B. Lorance, made "fiyrfti v- ii .kj The men do not cease their work until there are no more victims in sight, or. night closes in. Sometimes they go several miles away from the vessel, and are obliged to remain on the ice-cake until morning. This is a very perilous situation, for the rea son that at times gales come up which break the fields into small pieces, or blizzards come on in which many a hunter has been frozen to death. Last season a party of five hunters missed their steamer and were only dis covered two days later. Two of them succumbed as a result of their ex posure to the cold, while the third is now a cripple, being paralyzed' in his right arm and side, and unable to do any manual work. A few years ago 48 sealers from one vessel were froz en to death on an ice-floe. Indeed, the whole business is very risky and dangerous. Apart from the possibilities of the men being lost on the ice, the steamers are liable to be crushed in the ice or to go down In a gale. During one hunt the sealing steamer Huntsman was crushed by the ice off the coast of Labrador, and over 100 men perished. A few years ago two steamers, the Bloodhound and the Retriever, were also crushed in the Ice, and sank, but their crews, numbering over 500 men, managed to reach Battle Harbor, on the Labrador coast over the ice, after enduring great hardships. Another steamer, the Monticello, also sank in conse quence of injuries received from the ice, but her crew were all saved. They were picked up in a most deplorable condition by another vessel. The men had subsisted for several days on raw seal-meat. As already stated, the ships return as soon as a sufficient number of pelts has been obtained. Sometimes a ves sel is back in harbor again in a cou ple of weeks laden to the gunwale with as many as 30,000 or 40,000 pelts. The crew of a single vessel has been known to capture as many as 20,000 seals in seven or eight days. The crew of the seal-steamer Neptune se cured, a season or two ago, 42,000 seals in 18 days, the pelts filling not only the- hold, but being piled upon the decks as well. The watchers at the harbor know at once whether a vessel has been successful, for it is the custom to hang a broom aloft if the catch has been a particularly good one. Sometimes, however, a steamer is unlucky, and after buffeting about amongst the ice for seven or eight weeks, returns with only enough skins to pay bare expenses. The moment the cargo is landed the skinners go to work and separate the skins from the fat The former are salted and stored ready for export By means of steam-driven machinery the fat is cut up by revolving knives into minute pieces, then ground finer by a sort of gigantic sausage machine, aft erward steamed to extract the oil, then exposed for a time in glass-covered tanks to the action of -the sun's rays, and finally barreled for expor tation. The annual catch of seals ranges usually from 200,000 to 300,000, and the annual value of this industry to Newfoundland is over a million dollars. H. J. SHEPSTONE. Confucius: Gravity is only the bark of wisdom, but if preserves it IN THE EARTH good his escape. Many years elapsed and meanwhile Staten had died, but nothing was known of 'Lorance. In fact, his friends thought him dead. But re cently, to his great surprise, Thomas Taney received a letter from Arkansas from Lorance, telling him of certain things to perform, and he could have, three gallons of apple brandy made in that old stillhouse over 30' years ago. At first Mr. Yancy was incredu lous, but he finally carried out the plan designated by Lorance, and went to the old spring,' made 27 steps due north, and there dug up three demi johns of one gallon each of the hidden treasure. The wine glasses were still over the mouths of the jugs as they were buried. National American. Tragic Cemedy. Mrs. Hicks Are you goiag to the private theatricals to-night? They are going to; give "Hamlet." Mrs. Wicks No. I am in mourning now; yon know, and I couldn't, of course, go and see anything funny.' Tis an old faded uniform A sabre, lone since sheathe?; And rusted in its scabbard,' .A cap of blue,1' A pair of dingy These tell to me Ofloveofcouni Of war and strife That chevrons, A. 4 w VMrflfoaBM:' rrvU i?j ib vvii ahVVMmVei .tEJ i SPBSlSS dSEEfc. A n&X&ZZ Wt&T How BteJ4 A M JfimY EfeSp---v Of these rar '-fi ! J$T Jsjf Tell me ef thosela WjarnaiywJ' Mf(fx(j3j vs Of tbcJSaeScbes, $&j y I !Kwjlk Vl Of the xm&ghtils of he ke)sagng'A yn & OfthedeadTyyMfIetfs XXp-JCJy OfanttWiiiriffiaTttyjffisous ( sXsC ) .-"- tWnv j - j ' j -n. j zjr v' , T 2m-i l. -v . 3 KTfc' K bid o'er that Vave Svap-n f B K& vac flag he rlands .t &J itmu ... VF ,'K Jwe are a mighty 'nation ; mighty as'the world knows strength, and it that makes us strong V lft WlW&A.' WT Wte to taw n-emory j A L.miW. 7.r -;: Er.m.r w . -yyyr w.i I I S LJ- '-' For the love of country that possesses us we are indebted'to'our : fet ithst i encounter, has i of him a his ? of the back upon type seem. and shell, - It: waged. v' laid down Tired eyes least suspicious i a voice.' YankThave": "Plenty, Johnnj Both were battling for the right, ; to their cause, seeking every advant alrous men.TtThere was no fear; vanced into the darkness to meet and Such has always been the type. battle not as a paid murderer, but as alrous a man.) He fights not for vengeanceruvfor a cause. He fights fair, as fair as war can be made..He has taught the whole world a.new definition of the word 'soldier.'.' ' WRIGHT'AT PATTERSON. (Copyright by the Author.) UNKNOWN BUT NOT FORGOTTEN ! The First Volunteer HE first volunteer for the civil war was' Dr. Charles F. Rand of Washington, D. C..A certificate in the cap itol of New York state at tests the priority of Dr. Rand's tender of his services. This certificate is signed by the mayor and two prominent citizens of Batavia, N. Y., and also by the county clerk and the sheriff of Genesee county, stating that in less than ten minutes after the call for troops by President Lin coln, April 15, 1861, for 75,000 men the name of Charles F. Rand was en rolled as a soldier. ' Among tne war records at Wash ington there is none of an earlier en listment than that of Dr. Rand and the honor has therefore been given him by common consent Not only was Dr. Rand the first volunteer for the civil war, but he was also the first soldier to win the congressional medal of honor for dis tinguished gallantry in action. This event occurred at Blackburn's Ford, Va., in less than three months after his enlistment. His command was ordered to retreat, and every man obeyed save young Rand, at the time but 18 years of age. The rest of his battalion of 500 men was swept in dis order from the field, but Rand held his ground, despite the fact that the field was plowed by shot and shell all about him. The enemy finally ab solutely refused to fire at the boy standing bravely alone and firing at them as coolly as if he had a regiment at his back. Rand then crept across the -field and a deep ravine and joined the command of Gen. A. H. Barnum. alstory old as "ntABiQ JoJpaCQl v ""jBmi II . dJafc l 53 i-JBl'ryfO',5l rHi S r6f W wo sgrtjrcy ujri -y- t- TtLnr m i it s& jw OHlaziesleepVbeaeath a mo3fermont monument, fought for floats. PW in war and " is our patriotism listened to at their: boy .bated breath. charge,' sentence.' leylhave blare buglc( ' but as riook 'been told .and Q'ejragam, those "of 'one or death,:of.tShpt . of peaces night the battle' had the long battle lines gray kept jf touch. strained for the :ht there came htf Both were true true-hearted chiv- side as they, ad- same canteen.' of soldier.? He goes'to a pat is magnanimous, chiv The congressional medal of honor was not instituted until a year later, and the first one struck off was pre sented to Rand for his distinguished gallantry on that memorable day at Blackburn's Ford. During the entire civil war 1,080 medals of honor were distributed among the union troops for distinguished gallantry in action. Dr. Rand's patriotism and gallantry have been recognized by two govern ors of the state of New York and by three presidents. He was twice per sonally honored by President Lincoln; New York state remembered him with a gold medal appropriately inscribed, and the United States government has presented him with a plot in the most beautiful part of Arlington cemetery, where, at the proper time, the state of New York will erect a monument worthy of the first man to offer his services. Memorial Day Address. Perhaps the most remarkable Me morial day address in the country was that delivered at Marysville, Kan., by Dr. Williamson F. Bovakln. who was the Grand Army orator on the 100th anniversary of his birth. In matter and manner and delivery the speech is said to have been far above the average. Dr. Boyakin was born In North Carolina and when he was a year old his parents removed from, that state to Tennessee in a caravan of 100 two-wheeled carts and in con structing the whole outfit there-was 'not a pound of iron used. Keep the Mind Clear. Think of your mind as your castle. Would you entertain grumblers, back biters, and those who raked over old straw? This is yoarv kingdom. Sweep it clear and admit none hat pleasant thoughts. It la in your power. 1 yWjPBrs HkH r v5ssssrt . KcqflH A laurel wreath for each good gray head. Honor for each of the scars they bear; Tears for the blood that they had to shed. Sighs for the ills that they had to share: -Love for their hope when hope had fled t rom the weak who cowered in pale de spair., Fame, but not for the shame of those a Who fell for a cause that was better lost: Cheers for their love of the gallant foes Whose bayonet3 by their own were crossed: Love for the grace that the hero shows To the vanquished foe who has paid the cost. A laurel wreath for each good gray head. Cheers for the heroes marching by: Tears for the blood that they had to shed. For each of the ills that they bore a sigh: Love for their faith when the streams ran red And despair was written across the sky. S. E. Riser. 11 11 II 111 Mill I 111 111 111 SCYTHE HIS ; MEMORIAL . Rmjm fa Tra WW YmH WU H. Weak to Wi n inn minimi tiling WHEN the territoryabout Waterloo, in New York state, was sparse ly settled the principal industry was the hewing of timber from the forest along the Seneca canaL At a point known as Log Landing, midway between Geneva and Water loo, the woodchoppers were wont to gather and tell their, stories of early Indian fights, and here young Hyman Johnson, a farmer boy, first learned of the impending disaster to the union if vthe southern states were allowed to withdraw from their early affiliation. One day, in 1861 Johnson, who was then 21 years old, was mowing a lot on the farm. A neighbor drove up bearing the tidings that the call to arms had been sounded. Without hesi tation the youth walked to the house and placed his scythe in the crotch of a young Balm of Gilead tree. His mother asked him what the matter was, and he said: "Mother, Lincoln needs men. I ant going to war." "What Hyman? You, my son. go iing to enlist?" "Yes, but do not fear any harm will .come to me. The war will be over in a month. The southerners cannot face the troops from the north for more than that time. When I return I will mow the rest of the lot Leave my scythe in the tree until I return." His regiment marched to the front to the stirring martial music, and was often in tne fighting line. The mother, true to the words of her boy, left the scythe as it had been placed. Johnson came home a year later on a furlough, and laughed at the almost forgotten in cident of the implement and its posi tion. v He Inspired hope in the hearts of those who thought of nothing else than his safe return by saying: "I will yet be back to mow that lot" Soon after returning he was cap tured in a skirmish and became a pris oner in a southern pen, from' which escape was impossible. Disease laid hold upon him and he died surrounded by enemies. He was buried in an un known grave with hundreds of his comrades. Meanwhile the tree grew apace and the blade became partially imbedded in the trunk of the tree. The handle rotted away, but the steel remained fixed in the wood. A general proclamation was issued from the White House declaring one day should be set apart as a time for memory of those who had ? fallen while defending their country. It was the first Memorial day. Word of .the proclamation was carried to Mrs. John json, but she had no grave to decorate. She fain would strew a few flowers upon the spot wherein her boy lay, but its location must ever remain a mys tery. . Kneeling in the garden, she offered a short prayer. Then she plucked a few lilies from the plot she tended daily, and, making a wreath, she bore it to the tree which gye such a grim reminder of her sacrifice to her country. With a caress she reached up and hung the wreath upon the scythe point Memorial day has long become an established anniversary. Many years have passed since Mrs. Johnson was laid to rest in the village cemetery. The old home is exactly as it stood in the day of the civil war, but is occu pied by another family. HOLD FLAG IN REVERENCE. Public Sentiment in America Concern ing the National Banner. While the print-flag manufactories are busy all the year, October, No vember, December -and January are the strenuous months. Not the least notable feature of the development of flag sentiment during the last decade is the growing de mand for flags of the better grade. :Public sentiment concerning the American flag was never so reverent as to-dcy. There are three days of the year when the flag is more in evidence than at other times. - The first is May 30, Memorial day. when the number of flags used is far greater than at any other time. Next comes Flag day, June 14, the anni versary of the adoption of the flag, celebrated especially by the public school children. And then there Is July 4. Independence day, when the flag and the firecracker hold undis puted sway. From "Making the Stars and Stripes," by Abbie L. Heffera, i Circle. -sU'-irt . fy&fcjy'C'gyssi .---..! -- - Vm? -V-ii. sr . .' -V. I" - J-- "--t p 1& " . r: - 1 t
