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ARIZONA NOT YET fRCPAREO TO
T -f --, -' - - ti J-- -i -sM
J"
COME- INT
What He fete Forth Regarding Gam
bling and Other Matters in His
Annual Report.
Washington "Nearly a year has
passed, since the election which de
feated the proposition of joint state
hood, and I deem it my duty to re
port the fact that public sentiment
in Arizona is now ' even stronger
"against joint -statehood, with New
Mexico, than it was last year." says
Governor Joseph H. Kibbey of Arizona
territory in his annual report to the
secretary of the interior, made. public
Sunday. ' -
The report states that the last, year
was" undoubtedly the most prosperous
the territory has ever known. The
present population is given as 'ap
proximately "186,000, including about
26.990 Indians. In Jane. 1907, the
cash in the territorial treasury
amounted to $365,015.65. against $279,-
N
197.69 the previous year. Total re
ceipts for the year were SG87.386.78;
total disbursements. $601,568.73. The
debts of the territory remain un
changed in the sum of $3,123,275.29.
The aggregate value of taxable prop
erty is given as $77,705,251.11. Total
resources of, all bmaks,; S22.4qi.960.6G,
an increase for 4heT year of- $5,045,
C23.. Totel deposits,: $18.487.Sl2r58,
an increase of . $4,932,051.39. There
were no bank failures during the .year.
Stated. mtae..outsts,- $53391.781 of
copper, 255,012,155 pounds; of gold.
125.015' ounces; of silver 2,704,044
ounces.
Of the closing of gambling in the
territory April 1, responsive to an act
of the legislature. Governor Kibbey
says: ., x
"This made April 1. 1907, an his
toric date in the territory, for until
then gambling had -been conducted
everywhere in .a 'wide open' manner,
the doors of the gambling houses be
ing open every day and night of the
year. The' abolition of gambling was
la response to pronounced public sen
timent, and I regard it as a fact most
creditable to our people that not only
was the.new Jaw instantly obeyed -jay
the gamblers .themselves, but that'
there "has been no attempt anywhere
to evade the law."
Thawr Case Cemea Up;Teday.
New JTork The second trial .for
Harry K. Thaw will .be called in the
supreme;- .court ,-- here Monday, but:- it
is generally believed, that 'there will
be a peetpoaemeat of the case until
after the heUiays. District Attorney
Jerome it is said, will request that
such action he taken. Martin W. Lit
tleton, the new leading, counsel for
Thaw, has -announced that he will op
pose the motion. This- is done at
Thaw's, 'personal direction, the pris
oner being impatient as usual to have
his day in court.
Kb Sunday Theater at K. C.
Kaunas City-Judge Smith McPher
son of Red Oak, la,, in the Uaited
States circuit court here handed down
a decision dissolving the injunction
recently granted to local theatrical
managers .prohibiting .county officials
from' closing the theaters on Sundays.
Oklahoma Legislature.
Guthrie, Okl. The first Oklahoma
legislature will meet Monday. It will
elect two United States senators,
Messrs, Gore and Owen, already chos
on, by popular vote, and who will pre-,
sent credentials of appointment by
Governor Haskell to the senate in
Washington.
Bryan at Washington.
New York William J.' Bryan left
Sunday for Washington, where he will
spend tiro days in conferences with
the democratic leaders in congress
relative to forthcoming legislation.
OEFICIT IN POSTAL REVENUE.
Department Lacks Six and a Half
MWiens ef Pavlna Exaenae.
Washiagtoa If the amount lost by
fire, burglary, etc Is added to the or
dinary excess of expenditures over re
ceipts, including expenditures during
the years, the gross deficit in the pos
tal service during the year 1907 will
aggregate $6,S92.931.47. The third assistant-postmaster
general, Hon. A. A.
Iawshe. imJiis annual report, gives the
above figures and with it he quotes
the amount of the postal deficit in
1896. which was $10.516,995.94 just
S6.73 per .cent higher than the excess
of expenditures over the receipts of
the postal sen-ice , for the current year.
The outstanding liabilities at the close
of the year, however, are-not included
in the statement These' will aggre
gate almost $800,000. The postal rev
enue for 1907 shows an increase of
$15,669,847.80 over the year 1906
Caucus for Cannon.
Washington Hon. Joseph G. Can
non of Illinois was nominated by the
republican members of the house of
representatives for this term as speak
er and he will be elected to that office
wpoa the coaveaiag'of that house Mon
day: The aomiaatloa was made in a
caucus held in the house, of represan-1
tatlves. which was attended by prac
tically all of the 226 republican mem
bers. The caucus was called to order
at 8 o'clock -byRepreseatative Hep
burn oTiowa. who presided, aad with
ia aa hoar' time he was nominated.
KickapMS Have a Hearing.
Wamgtea Senators Teller of Col.
crado cad Curtis of Kansas made aa
earnest recommendation to the presi
dent thaiprosecutloas be'cojamehced
at once behalf of certain members
of the Indian tribe in Oklahoma knowa
as the hTickiag Kickapoos.
"
HopklBsviBe, Ky. Jadge Joseph I.
Infit, ormeriy a member of the
Kentucky eswrt of appeahj, died at his
71 years.
S!' :ti' -V- . " Vr-
', -.1 T
,V,;,cT.HE'0in.DEAi CLOfiEfc. -
iriw-w
ifV)m ; i
Tints"
"for
Subscriptions 'r Ha Jiew
.
Washington The final closing of
the allotments of 3, per cent one-year
certiftmtW.as'deiniteiy annpiisiced
by Secretary--Cortelyou PridnyHe
declared that no.allotntenU had keen
,tnade or woiM be seade: after aissn-"
aounceaieht of Wednesday night .at
no' further .aabCrifiioW would' 'be
considered. The noint'was ipt;inite
clear until his statement ttat some
few allotments might not be' inadc
iroxa. subscriptions already in hand. on
Wednesday. As '? the matter staiids.
practically all the allotments are,tqi)uu
tional banks whfchhaveBagreedx,to
taJie out Circulation and "In the "'ma
jority of cases have indicated a willing
ness to surrender the certlllcats8.be
iore maturity upon payment of accrued
interest at the date, of rede'mptoa. w3n
fcrmation was still withheld at the
treasury as to the amount of the-al-Iotments
made, but such information
as it obtainable indicates that the;to
ia! will not materially exceed -$25,-000.000.
a " ' ' .-,-
If this "proves to be the case, and a
considerable porton ef the certificates
are delivered on the condition that they
shall be surrendered in six months,
with interest to that timet or even 'for
a shorter period, it becomes .possible
to calculate roughly the cost, of the
ibsue in interest. There appears te be
no doubt that by far the largest part
cf the amount allotted.. probabiyt
least three-fifths, is. subject to redemp
tion with accrued interest within three
months. On the basis of an Issue or
$25,000,000 this would amount to the
icdemption of $15.0000)00 within the
loral amount of' one and one-half per
cent, which would require $225,000 for
ihe interest payments. If $10.9W.000
ot the certificates ran the, full period
cf one year, the interest payments- at
$3 per cent would 'consume1 $309,009.
These two sums, therefore, making a'
total of $525,009. would represent the
entire cost of the issue of certificates ,
to the -treasury. -outside the trifling
incidental expenses of the issue. This
ould be at the rate of about two-;
ihhds of a cent per capita for the pop-;
uiatiou of the United States.
The offers Tor the Panama two per
cer.t bonds were still reaching the)
treasury In large numbers. They will
remain unopened until Saturday after
nosn, when the receipt of subscrip
tion closes.
FEAR FOR SAFETY OF TAFT.
Rumor of Attempt U,Slew Up Train;
. Makes Russian Police Cautious. !
Penza. European Russia The po
lice of Ufa were alarmed owing to a
report that an attempt would be made
to blow'up the train bearing Secre-I
tary Taft and his party towards SM
Petersburg, and fifty soldiers- were
stationed ia "'the' corrMorsdml vesti
bules of the carsat Ufa and remained
on guard until morning. The train
proceeded slowly and with great cau
tion throughout the night .Secretary;
Taft will be received byf Emperor'
Nicholas, and a reception by Minister,
of Foreign Affairs Iswolsky has been
offered. 1
,t -
President Inspects Oxen.
Washington President Roosevelt
stepped out- of his office Friday and
made, a critical examination of Ezra.
Meeker's yoke of oxen and prairie
schooner, which had just accomplish
ed a- 3.000-mile trip from the state of
Washington, over the old Oregon
trail. Mr. Meeker was introduced to
the president tyrSeaator Pyles and
Representative Cushmaa of Washing
ton. He made a plea to have the Ore
gon trail made a national highway,
and to this the president listened with
interest
Twenty-Five Miners Entombed.
Fayette City, Pa, Between twenty
five and thirty miners, possibly more4,
are entombed in the Naomi mine of
the. United Coal -company, located
three miles west of the city, and there
is practically no hope than any of
them are alive.
Treasury Balances.
Washington Friday's statement of
the treasury balances in the general
fund, exclusive of the $150,000,000
goIdt reserve, shows: Available cash
balance, $242,099,203; gold coin anil
bullion. $21,680,494: gold certificates.
$71,949,110; total, $335,728307.
Estimate ef the Cotton Crop.
New Orleans The Times-Democrat
issued an estimate of the 1907 cotton
crop. The estimate made is 11,625,000
bales, exclusive of Unters.
JAPS DESTROY COMPETITION.
Low Pay of Crews and Subsidies Have
Paralyzed Foreign Carriers.
San Francisco That Japan is not
only planning to outdistance the
United States for the commerce of
the Pacific but has already driven tht
steamship lines "of every nation, but
of the Chinese trade IstbetStatemeht
of Harry I. Paddock, united States.
consul?at Amoy,' China. Mr. Paddock
arrived, here on his way to Washing
ton. l
Tammany and Mr. Bryan.'
New York Cbarles E. Murphy,
leader. of Tammany Hall, declared
Thursday that James J. Hagan had no
authority to pledge Tammaay Hall's
support to William J. Bryan for the
democratic nomination for ' the. pres-'
dency as he did at the Bryaa dinner
in. Washington.
Cody Business H
Cody, Wyo, Seven business Mocks-'
In the center of the city were de
stroyed by fire, presumably ot incen
diary origin. The loss is 135,099.
Treasurer Sends Out Call.
Liacoln, Neb. State Treasurer Bri
an prepared a. letter to send to the
oqaaty treasurer asking tliemv to re
mit all stale funds on hand 'Decern
her 1.
March 13 Date of HaninV ,
Beatrice, Neb, la the presence ot
attorneys, newspaper mea aad oJficers,
Jadge KeQiger sentenced R. Mead
Shumway. convicted of the murder of
Mn.8arah htartterte be haadjed a
toe peaTTcanary. Maren a. &i
' .-v. -
TT.
READ? TO PAY CASH
MR.
MORGAN EXPLAIN SITUA
TION to president;
MRS SMfUEDlM
General Desire Amanf Them te Re
sume Currency Payments at the
.Earliest Possible Moment.
' Washington A more confident tone
In regard to the success of the new
loans prevailed at the treasury de
partment Monday than at any time
since the announcements of the loans
a week ago. The visits of Mr. Mor
gan on Friday and Saturday were fol
lowed by a visit from James B. For
gan. president or the First National
bank of Chicago. Mr. Forgan saw the
president Secretary Cortelyou and
Treasurer Treat and expressed his be
lief 'that the banks throughout the
country would soon be ia a position to
resume cash payments. The subject
is or peculiar interest to the treasury
officials, because for nearly a month
government receipts have been declin
ing as a direct result of the scarcity
of currency. Distillers, brewers and
others who are required to purchase
internal revenue stamps have not
been able to secure currency in suffi
cient quantities from the banks with
which to pay for these stamps, and
as the collectors are not allowed un
der the law to receive certified checks
or anything but lawful money, except
at their personal risk, the result has
been that even' a sufficient supply 6f
stamps to cover immediate needs has
been difficult to obtain. The govern
ment is insisting that depository
banks shall as far' as possible meet
the demands for currency ia this re
spect' ' -
There seems to be a general desire
among the bankers in New York, Chi
cago and other subtreasury cities and
financial centers to resume ' currency
payments at the earliest possible mo
ment, and Mr. Forgan's visit was
made with a view of learning the
views of the treasury officials on this
subject. .Mr. Forgan represented that
the Chicago banks would be able to
resume upon an understanding with
the banks in. the other' cities within
the next week or ten days at the lat
est. Minneapolis and St Paul, banks.
hie said, were quite ready to resume
at-asy tame and might take the Ini
tiative la this respect very soon.
The reports received at the treasury
from New Tork, Chicago and Boston
'are that; currency-paymeat by" the
...- . ... . . ..
toaaas , are job .ine increase ana inat
the situation at .those cities and ia
Uacjrar air other prists is rapidly im
.-proving.- -
f:i - - r :
PLURALITY OF REESE 24,40$.
Official Figures Secured by Canvassing
Beard at Lincoln.
; Lincoln Official figures from Ne
braska for the, late, election were ob
tained; when the canvassing board
opened thc returns .sent in by the
county clerks. The plurality of. Juage
Reese, over Judge Loomis for supreme
judge was 24,406. The total; vote cast
In Nebraska" was 203.752. following
are the .figures: For supreme judge:
M. B. Reese, (rep.), 192487; George
I Loomis (fus.). v 7781; Gravv.
(pro.). 5.158; Stebblas (soc). 3.099.,
For Regents Anderson (rep.), 104.
.T99; Couplsnd (rep.); -100,512; Hlh
lard dem.), 66,032; Sundean (fus.),
71.883; Von.Steen (pro.), 6.599; Car
ter (soc.), 4.509; Porter (soc). 4,405.
Regent to fill vacaacy Rogers
(soc.), .34,495. 1 '
For railroad commissioner-lark
(rep.), 114,494; Llchty (pro.). 14,544;
McCIure (soc.), 10,443.
Fieht. Ban on. Christ's Name.
New York Scores of clergymen in
New York are up in arms against the
order of the Board of Education pro
viding that the words, "Christ" and
'Christmas;" must not appear iu the
hymns aad songs sung in the public
.schools tand that there must be no
Christmas celebration of any kind.
French Troops KM Arabs.
Maghnta, Algeria Ten thousand of
the fircest Benis Nassea tribesmen
swooped down 6a the French 'camp
aad was beaten off with a loss ot 1.200
-killed. The fighting continued for a
long time aad was conducted oa the
part of the tribesmen apparently with
total disregard for their lives.
China Fays Indemnity.
Mexico. Mo. Eleanor and leroy
Chestaut were paid $10,000 by- the
Chinese government as" damages for
the death of their aunt. Miss Eleanor
Chestnut, .a Presbyterian., missionary,
who ,was killed in JJen Chew in J9C5
during' the Boxer outbreak.
The Thaw Trial.
New York The second
Harry Kendall Thaw,, set
trial of
for next
week, will again be postponed, and
there Is little chance that 'it will be
called until some date well along in
January. "
TWO HONORED MILLION CROP.
Value of- Products from Nebraska
Farms This Year.
Oautha Grain, men have beej as
tonished at the low estimates made
by careless dealers and thennrettable
newspaper, as to the. value of the Ne
braska grain, some placing it as low
as $ttt,9MjemV Carerul figures have
been compiled by J. H. Hamilton aad
"other members, of the Grain exchange,
showing the value to be from 109 to
119 per cent more than the estimate
of $92,000409. -
Mrs. Bryan Going- Abroad.
Lincoln. "Neb. Mrs. W. J. Bryaa
and Mrs. Leavitt wfd leavd'aext week
for afoilar. They will visit
Egypt -Taey..-were delayed by the ill
ness efohe of. the Leavitt' children.
.u r MaJM M, GJIIelaa Dead.
: Memphis A, private dispatch' from
Loo Angeles. Cat, states, that Major
M. GiUeian, widely knowa la railroad
diedrthere;
JUaJOT VdtlUfjBBml IOtmWiT
rMysd hi PubpasaCta:!
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MESSAGE SENT
TO CONGRESS
Presifait's Recoaaoi
Legislation. AS TO CUUBtCr QUESTION
Mit Defect cf freseat Syttesi
Are Pesatel Ost ty Ckief
NOT TIME FOR TARIFF
Postponement ef Discussion of Re
vision ef Schedules Until After
Presidential Election Urged Ne
cessity for Improving Waterways of
the Country.
Wellington, rjee X President Roose
velt in bis annual message deals vigor
ously with matters of national impor
tance. Referring to the recent disturb
ance in financial circles he points out
that the boarding of money by the peo
ple, instead of keeping it in sound banks,
was the first cause of financial stringency
and a grave error. He pays a tribute to
the general honesty of the men engaged
In -the banking, business.
After quotations from his last annual
message which dealt with tiie necessity
of governmental regulations, the presi
dent asserts that lus views have in no
way changed and declares it Is the duty
of the national government to embody
n action the principles he then expressed.
Disclaiming any Idea of advocating cen
tralisation the president-insists upon the
necessity for federal control of the rail
roads of the country through the Inter
state commerce commission, and also
urges legislation' looking to the proper
control of the great business concerns en
gaged in interstate business, this control
to be exercised for their own benefit and
prosperity no .less than for the protection
of Investors and of the general public.
Waats Federal Crattv.
Declaring that 'modern industrial con
ditions are such that combination Is not
only necessary but inevitable, the presi
dent refers to' his message of a year ago.
concerning necessary changes In the
antitrust laws. He goes on: "I ask for
full power to be given the federal
government, because no single state
can by .legislation effectually cope
with these powerful - corporations en
gaged In interstate commerce, and. while
doing them full Justice, exact from, them
in return full Justice to others. The con
ditions of railroad activity, the condi
tions ef our immense Interstate com
merce, are. such as to make the central
government alone competent to exercise
full .septrgistea and control.
"The. antitrust law-should be made both
Laiorp.eafelentcuadmere lhTharmony.with
actual conditions, it should be so amend
ed as to forbid only the kind ot combina
tion which does barm to the general pub
lic, such amendment to be accompanied
by. or to be an Incident of. a grant of su
pervisory power to the government over
these big corporations engaged in inter
state business. This should be accom
panied by provision for the compulsory
publication of accounts and the subjec
tion of books and papers to the Inspec
tion of the government officials. A' be
ginning has already been made for such
supervision byrthe,. establishment of .the
bureau ot corporations.
"Among the points, to be aimed at
should be the prohibition of unhealthy
competition, such as by rendering service
at an actual loss for the purpose of crush
ing out competition, the prevention of lu
nation of capital, and the prohibition or
a corporation's making exclusive trade
with Itself a condition of having any
trade with itself. Reasonable agreements
between, or combinations of. corporations
should 'be permitted, prrfviatid they are
first submitted to and approved by some
appropriate government body.
"The congress has. the power to charter
corporations to engage Jn Interstate and
foreign commerce, and a general law can
be enacted under the- provisions of which
existing corporationsjcould take out fed
eral charters and new1' federal corpora
tions could be created. An essential pro
vision of such a law should be a method
of predetermining by some federal board
or commissi on whether the applicant for
a federal charter was an, association of
combination within the restrictions of the
federal, law; The supervision established
might be analogous to that now exercised
over national banks. At least, the anti
trust act should be supplemented by spe
cific prohibitions of tile methods which ex
perience has shown have been of most
service In enabling monopolistic combina
tions to crush out competition. The real
owueia of a corporation should be-compelled
to do 'business In their .ownv;aame.
The right to, hold stock In other corpora
tions should hereafter be denied to inter
state corporations, unless on approval by
the proper government officials, and a
prerequisite to such approval should be
the listing with the' government of all
owners aad stockholders, both by the
corporation owning such stock and by
the corporation in which such stock Is
owned."
After calling attention to the benefits,
which the legislation he urges would
confer upon the country, the president
says: "Those who fear, from any rea
son, the extension of federal activity will,
do well to study the history not only of
the national banking actbut of the pure
food law. and notably the meat inspec
tion law recently enacted. The benefit to
Interstate common carriers and 'business
concerns from the legislation I advocate
would be equally marked.
The' Carreaer Qnestloa.
On the question of the currency the
president calls attention to his last an
nual message wherein he pointed out
that our present system is defective and
showing the need of a change. In that
message be said:
"National banks should be permitted to
issue a specified proportion of their cap
ital in notes of a given kind, the issue to
be taxed at so high a rate as to drive the
notes back when not wanted in legiti
mate trade. This plan would not per
mit the issue of currency to give banks
additional profits, but to meet the emer
gency presented by times of stringency.
I do not say that this Is the right sys
tem. I only advance It to emphasise
my beMet that -there: is need for-the adop--tioa
of some. system which shall be au
tomatic aad open to all sound banks,
so as to avoid all possibility of discriai
laaUetr aad favoritism.- Such a plan
would tend to prevent the spasms of high
money and speculation which now ob
tain In the New Tork market: for at
present there is too much currency at
certain seasons ofthe year, and its' ac
cumulation at New York tempts bankers
to lend it at low, rates for speculative
purposes: whereas, at other times when
the crops are being-moved there Is ur
gent need for a large but temporary In-.
ewes In the currency supply. It'must
be.. forgotten that .this question
baahMss-men general!?, quite
as much an bankers; especially !s this
txz of stockmen, farmers and business
men: in th west: for at present at certain
seasons of" the year the difference in in
terest rates between the east and west
Is from six to tea per. cent., whereas in
Canada the Linuspunaing- difference is
but two per cent. Any plan must; ef
guard the- Interests of western
southern bankers as carefully as It
the Interests of New Tork or
"bankers, and, must be drawn
tssMpetats-ef the farmer and
the merchant no less than from the
banker and the
The. president continues:- J - v
"I strain urge on r the congress the
need of Immediate v attention to this
matter. We need- a. greater elasticity
In our currency: provided, of course,
that we recognise the even greater
need of- a safe and secure curreneyt
There must always' be the most rigid
examination by the national' authori
ses. Provision she bema4e.for am
emergency currency. The 'emergency
Issue should, of course, be made with
aa elective guaranty, and upon condi
tions carefully prescribed by the gov
ernment. Such emergency, issue must
be based on adequate securities ap
proved by the government, and must
be issued under a heavy tax. This
would permit currency being issued
when the demand for it was urgent,
while securing its retirement as the
demand fell off. It is worth investi
gating to determine whether officers
and directors of national banks should
ever be allowed to loan to themselves.
Trust companies should be subject to
the same supervision as banks; legisla
tion to this effect should be enacted for
the District of Columbia and the terri
tories." . . ."
Kat Ttase fee Tariff
On the subject of the tariff the presi
dent declares himself in favor ef post
poning; all 'Consideration of the que-,
tlon until after ;the' presidential elec
tion. He says:
"The income account of the nation Is
in a most satisfactory condition. For
the six fiscal years ending with the
first of July last, the total 'expenditures
and revenues of the national govern
ment, exclusive ef the postal revenues
and expenditures, were in round num
bers, revenues. 83.e6.03S.eW. and ex
penditures. 13,273,009. ' The net ex
cess or Income over expenditures, in
cluding in the latter the fifty millioas
expended for the Panama canal, was
$19O.O0.e for the six years, an
average of about l31.6M.8ft) a year. This
represents an approximation between in
come and outgo which it would be hard
to improve. The satisfactory working of
the present tariff law has been chiefly
responsible for this excellent showing.'
Nevertheless, there Is an evident aad con
stantly growing feeling among our peo
ple that the time Is rapidly approaching
when our system, of revenue legislation
must be revised.
"This, country Is definitely committed
to the protective system and any effort
to uproot it could not but cause wide
spread industrial disaster. In other
words, the principle of the present tar
iff law could not with wisdom ,be
changed. But in a country of such,
phenomenal growth as ours it is prob
ably well that every dozen years or so
the tariff laws should be carefully
scrutinized, so as to see that no ex
cessive or improper benefits are con
ferred thereby, that proper revenue. Is
provided, and'tbat our foreign trade is
encouraged. There 'must, always be as
a minimum a tariff which will not only
allow for the collection of an ample
revenue but which will at least make
good the difference In cost of produc
tion here and abroad; that is. the dif
ference in the labor cost here and
abroad, for the well-being of the wage
worker must ever be a cardinal point
of American policy. The sole consider
ation should be to see that the sum
total of changes represent the public
good. This means that the subject can
not with wisdom be dealt with in the
year preceding a presidential election,
because as a matter of fact experience
has conclusively shewn that at such a
.time . it Islmpossible to get men to
treat' it from" the standpoint of the
public good. In my judgment the wise
time to deal with the matter is Immedi
ately after such election."
There has been no change in the
mind of the president concerning the
advisability of an income tax and ah
inheritance tax. In the message he
says:
"When our tax taws are revised the
question of an income tax and an in
heritance tax should receive the care
ful attention of our legislators. In my
Judgment both of these taxes 'should be
part or our system of federal taxation.
I speak diffidently about the income tax
beeause one scheme for an income tax
was declared unconstitutional by the
supreme court: while in addition it is
a difficult tax to administer in its prac
tical working: Nevertheless, a grad
uated income tax of the proper type
would be a desirable feature of federal
taxation, and it is to be hoped that one
may. be devtised which ' the, -supreme
court will declare constitutional. The
inheritance tax. however, is both a far
better method of taxation, and far more
important for the purpose of having
the fortunes of the country bear in
proportion to their increase in size a
corresponding increase and burden of
taxation. The government has the ab
solute right to decide as to the terms
upon which a man shall receive the be
quest or devise from, another, and this
point ia the devolution of property is
especially appropriate' for the imposi
tion of a tax."
Dne Enforcement ef "Law.
On the matter of the impartial en
forcement ot the laws the message,
says: .
"A few years ago there was loud
complaint that the law could not' be in
voked against wealthy offenders. There
is no such complaint now.' The course
of the department of Justice during the
last few years has been such as to
make it evident that no man stands
above the law. that no corporation Is
so wealthy that It cannot be held to
account. Kverything that can be done
under the existing law. and with the
existing state of public opinion, which
so profoundly Influences both the
courts and Juries, has been done. But
the laws themselves need strengthen
ing In more than one important point:
they should be made more definite, so
that no honest man can be led unwlt-tingl;-
to break them, and so that the
real wrongdoer can be readily punished.
"The two great evils in the execution
of our criminal laws to-day are senti
mentally and technically. For the lat
ter the remedy must come from the
hands of the legislatures.- the courts
and the lawyers. The other must de
pend for its cure upon the gradual
growth of a sound public opinion which
shall Insist that regard for the law and
the demands of reason shall control all
other influences and emotions in the
jury box. Both of these evils must be
removed or public discontent with the
criminal law will continue."
Use mi IsJmetlMa.
Referring to the question of the use and
abuse of injunctions the president de
clares: "Instances of abuse In the granting of
injunctions In labor disputes continue to
occur, and the resentment in the minds
of those who feel that their rights are
being invaded and their liberty of action
and of speech unwarrantably restrained
continues to grow. Much of the attack
on the use of the process of injunction is
wholly without warrant; but I am con
strained to express the belief that for
some of it there is warrant. This, ques
tion is becoming more and more of prime
importance, and unless the courts wilt
themselves deal with- it in effective, man
ner. It Is certain ultimately to demand
some sort of legislative action. I earnest
ly commend to the attention ef the con
gress this matter, so that soma way may
be devised which will limit the abuse of
Injunctions and protect those rights which
from time to time it unwarrantably In
vades." -rAmong the recommendations made ia
the message are for federal inspection of
railroads, the establishment of an- em
ployers liability act. and for the exten
sion of the present eight-hour law. by the
'government.
Ia ladasfrlal BWonntea.
The president favors compulsory In
vestigation by the national government
of Industrial disputes, saying:
"Strikes and lockouts, with their at
tendant loss and suffering, continue to
Increase. For the five years ending De
cember 31. 1SS5. the number of strikes
was greater than those in, any previous
ten yean and was double the number
In- the preceding five years. These fig
ures indicate the increasing neea or
providing seme machinery to deal with
standpoints of the city
country banker. ,
this, claw of drsaurbaacen in the Inter
est alike yevthe employer, the employe
and "fthe 'general paMic I renew my
previous recommendation that; the con
gress favorably consider the matter el
creating the machinery for computes ly
investigation of such industrial contro
versies as are ef sufffcient
and of sufficient concern to the
or the country aa a whole te warrant
the federal government in taking action.'
The recent strike of the telegraphers is
.cited as. an Instance where- such power
mujuc praacawr have
am Las
TBe necessity of checking the evil ef
child labor is pointed out with much di
rectness. On the relation between capital
aad labor the president assets that pub
lic opinion must be aroused Tn condesaaa
tkm of evil practices on both sides. The
work of -the department of agriculture is
given high praise aad the importance ef
the, department pointed out. Cooperation
with farmers' associations is urged. The
necessity of a national system of Inspec
tion and grading of grain, to correct evils
complained of. is also pointed out.
NMMaal Water Hfcswways.
Showing the necessity for the develop
ment of the national water highways the
message says: "Our great river systems
should be developed as national water
highways; the Mississippi, witlr Its trib
utaries, standing first In importance, aad
the Columbia second, although there are
many others of importance en the Pacific,
the Atlantic and the gulf slopes. Thcvua
Uoaal government should undertake this
work, and I hope a beginning win he
made ia the present congress: and the
greatest of all our rivers, the Mississippi,
should receive especial attention. From
the great lakes to the mouth or the Mis
sissippi there should be a deep waterway,
with deep waterways leading from it to
the east and west. Such a waterway
would practically mean the extension of
our coast line into the very heart of our
country. It would be of. incalculable ben
efit to our people.
"As aa Incident to creating the deep
waterway down the Mississippi, the gov
ernment should build along its whole
lower length levees which, taken to
gether with the control of the head
waters, will at once and forever put a
complete stop to all threat of floods la
the immensely fertile- Delta region. The
territory lying adjacent to the Missis
sippi along its lower course will there
by become one or the most prosperous
and populous, as it
already is one of
the most fertile, farming regions ia all
th yorid-"
nne sppoinieu an iniana waterways
wBiuuHiun iu iu una uuinne s cuia-
prehensive scheme of development along
all the lines Indicated. Later I shall lay
its report before the congress."
PsAUe lanes.
Extension of the work of irrigation and
the reclamation of waste lands is advo
cated, together with a revision of the
present land laws In the interest of the
actual home-maker. The unlawful fenc
ing of public lands for' private grazing,
the president says, must be stopped, but:
at the same time the necessity which oc
casioned it must be provided for. Several
plans are recommended.
Conservatism of the mineral wealth of
thf. ranntrv- mil tltc nnidlv for lh
country.
preservation or the forests to prevent a
timber fsmine. are dwelt upon. Drastic
action by the congress Is urged.
The president declares in favor of the
repeal of the duty on wood pulp, at the
same time declaring that it should if
possible be accompanied by an agreement
with Canada that there should be no ex
port duty on Canadian pulp wood.
That the geverament should own and
lease, mineral aad oil. lands Is the beliet
of 'the 'president.
Work on the Panama canal Is declared
to be proceeding In a satisfactory man
ner, and figures given to substantiate the
statement. .
Far Festal Savings Banks,
On the questions of postal savings
banks and' the establishment of a parcels
post system the message says:
"I commend to the favorable considera
tion -of the. congress a postal savings
bank system as recommended by the
postmaster general.
"I further commend to the congress the
consideration of the postmaster general's
recommendation for aa extension of the
parcel post, especially on the rural
routes. These recommendations havo
been drawn up to benefit the farmer and
the country storekeeper; otherwise I
should not favor them, for I believe that
it is good policy for our government to do
everything possible to aid the small town
and the country district. It is desirable
that the country, merchant should not be
crushed out.'
Some form of local self-government
for Alaska is asked of the congress,
and that the rights of citizenship bo
conferred upon the people of Porto
Rico.
Campale-a C trlballons.
The president says: "It is well to
provide that corporations shall not con
tribute to presidential or national cam
paigns, and furthermore to provide for
the publictaion of both contributions
and expenditures. The need for col
lecting large campaign funds would
vanish if congress provided an appro
priation for the proper and legitimate
.expenses of each of the great national
parties, an appropriation ample enough
to meet the necessity for thorough or
ganization and machinery, which re
quires a large expenditure of money.
Then the stipulation should be made
that no party receiving campaign funds
from the treasury should accept more
than a fixed amount from any indi
vidual subscriber or donor; and the
necessary publicity for receipts and(ex
penditures could without difficulty bo
provided."
The extension of the Ocean Mail act
of 1891 is recommended as an aid to
American shipping. A subsidy for
Pacific steamers, the president thinks.
Is necessary.
That the army in the past has been
niggardly provided for and should be
more generously dealt with is dwelt
upon at length, together with recom
mendations for future legislation.
Yearly additions to the navy are
recommended and in the president's
judgment the country should build four
battleships this yenr.
teaaoa for Parlfle Crater.
Concerning the dispatcli of the fleet
to the Iacifie. the president believes it
should be shifted between the two
oceans every year or two as a means of
teaching officers and men lion- to handle
the vessels in a time of war.
Although the results of The Hague
conference are declared not to have
been up to expectations, a degree of
good is saii to have resulted, notably a
provision by which the powers taking
part in the conference agreed not to
have recourse to armed force for the
collection of debts owed to their citi
zens by foreign countries.
The expectation or the government
is declared to be to turn over Cuba to
a government chosen by the people of
the island within the coming year.
Grrsaaa Tariff Agrees t.
Concerning the tariff agreement en
tered into with Germany, its .object is
declared to have been the prevention of
a tariff war between the United States
and that country. The work of the
commission which made the agreement
is praised.
The president asks for authority to
remit to China all indemnity in excess
of the sum of 111. 635.45:. i3 and Inter
est at four per cent.
In conclusion the message congratu
lates the country on its present cor
dial relations with all countries, par
ticularly the sister republics to the
south.
Experiment en the Ear.
An investigation has recently been
made to determine the absolute sen
sitiveness of the ear. By experiments
with a telephoae snd alternating cur
rents of frequencies 259 and 599 a sec
ond determinate pressure variaUoaa
were produced at the ear. The ex
perimeats. lead to the conclusion that
the normal ear caa respond to a pres
sure variation of about fonr-tea-mil-
Hoas of a millimeter of mercury.
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f.
IdOTESOF miaWfitT
VAJHOOB thXTIONni
UStUCTSTemM
ST-
fcai
The aew Northwestern freight depot
at Fremont fcfaew open.
Joe Dilhaa is Iyiag; la the York coun
ty jail for stealing wheat?
The lid iaa tight ahsidaya la all ef
the ulnar ef Hall caoaty.
Stringency ia the money market
not perceptible at .Crawford.
Its taxes la full in Nemaha coaaty.
The weather has bees so favorabk
that moat of the earn is now gathered-
Elevators at Herama-have
bayiag grata after a temporary
Two counterfeiters ia jail at Geaeva
escaped, hat were recaptured before
getting far away.
Gov. Sheldon assisted ia laying the
corner atone of the new Y. M. C. A.
building at Columbus.
There is fear at Cambridge that tho
public schools will have to be closed
oa accouat of diphtheria.
The National Biscnlt company at
Omaha threatens-to leave the state If
it is compelled to comply with the
pure food law.
It is said there are more farmers
with automobiles la the country south.
' ' Fremont ia SauBders'couaty than ba
i any part of the state.
The question of rod overseer In a!
Nemaha COUBtv
township was settled
by drawing slips, the work beJag deao
ia the couaty clerk's office.
, The Stanton roller mill in running
day and night to keep up with the de
i mand for its products. Aa extra
I force of men has been employed.
Thomas RedfenL. a young man. met
with a very painful accident at Cairni
bridge when a shotgun which he wan
taking out of his buggy waa dis
charged. v-
, The jUBior normals next yenr will.
. )lMl ,, ,tU ... ...
' -wire a, mia we n.pig.
of that at Valentine, where ihe ti
will begin on June 15. The term lav
each case will he for six weeks.
Word has been received in. Gaato
Bock of the death of Mrs. Fred Watt
at Cambridge. Idaho. November 21.
aad burial there November S3. The
family moved there from Guide Keck
about a year ago.
.The directors ef the draiaage dis
trict ia Dodge ceuaty will push the
work oa the dyke aad levy now that
that the district court has decided thai
quo warranto case ia their favor aad
wil have It all inkrhed if nothing hap
pens to prevent before the seasea for
high water.
The Northwestern railroad has ap
pealed to the supreme court for a re
versal of the damage case brought
against It by Mrs. June W. Hart of
Atkinson for damage done to her tim
ber claim through fire set by the en
gines of the road. Mrs. Hart sued for
$2,000 aad was given n judgment for
1350.
A special train brought about 399
Russians to their homes ia Hastings
.from the great sugar beet fields ef
Colorado. Whole families who make
their homes in that city embark" every
spring, taking their tools aad aeesa
sary housekeeping utensils with them,
aid return again in the full ia wiater
ia Nebraska.
George Templar, a well-known
ranchman, living a few milea north of
Broken Bow. was seriously iajared as?
he was starting for town la a heavily
loaded wagon. Descending a hill, aa
obstruction in the road threw him
across the dashboard and under the
wheels, which passed over his leg.
mashing it almost to a pulp.
The people who reside along the
lines of the Missouri Pacific are taking
notice' of the activity which Is being
shown by the Missouri Pacific. Ia
Plattsmouth the depot grounds have
been neatly graded, the depot build
ing overhauled and there are indica
tions that" some new and heavier rails
will be put ia In the spring.
The section foreman at Hermaa. a
passenger conductor aad the operator
at Peader were called to West Foist
to give evidence In the case of the
tramp cbargd with trying to wreck a
train last falL This fellow was dis
charged from an extra gang near Pea
der. and because they would not give
him a pass to Omaha, it is charged.
he tried to wreck the train.
Mrs. D. Eschenburg of Cuming
county, bought from Matt Mattsoa.
three months ago, a span of mules,
giving her note therefor for $315.
Shortly thereafter she attempted to
return the animals to Mattsoa oa the
ground that they were unsound, but
he refused to take them back. Suit
was commenced in county court aad
tried to a Jury, which awarded tha
plaintiff 2?5 and assessed the costs
to the defendant.
W. Merton of Emerson, has secured
the contract for the three new build
ings on the state asylum property ia
Norfolk, his figures, I77J99. being the
lowest. The new structures wi"l con
sist of a store house, a aew cottage
and aa addition to the mala building.
Mark Schrader. a youaa; aad well
known business man, committed sui
cide ia the couaty Jail at North Platte
by taking poison. Schrader had re
cently been in the real estate basiaese
and it is claimed he made some un
successful iavestmeats. He had- beea
arrested oa the charge of forgeiy.
Frank Drahos, a well known citizen
of West Point, has filed his application
and petition with the governor for ap
pointment as deputy fish and game
wardea at the aew subhatchery sta
tion just being established ia Cherry
couaty.
Messrs. William Sterna aad Van
Nesa of Maskegoa. Mich., have lo
cated in Beatrice aad JeaseaT a largo
building oa Third aad Ella streets,
where they wil manufacture eera
haskers aad shredders. They were for
merly eagaged la a like business ia
Michigan.
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