Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 16, 1907)
CR-SSl PP lWWir ?.., JJsfftR "". 1,byf8f5jgj j-s: if&3 KimwFW': - asiTT-' XM? 5f' " v. i , 5J IL .iV.. v; KS - 7i 4t'vsa5tv Papal Secretary of State. j f j npraui'nnuuuuw W 1 Cr& dF""AgV V ii im Jpv4 vssn5fV. x. - I 0 y K&c23Bl V A! 7 mmmvSTaPIWJ V xl M tvanuuuVhhTB -xVVJl Mx. ' -rf" . : A OX sof'4p I W1'W ?&m X jl JmmmmjmmmmWmW -II 0YHERRyj. mmmmmvPy1 tin . . v T 1 - .' . W Vtwb icMcni, oapjrticM, by Uatfarwo! Ca:rwo, . T. Atl the official business f the Vatican is transacts through this person. The direction sf the struflflte against the French government by the Catholic church has been in Mo charge. ANTI-OPIUM CRUSADE. GREAT DEMAND FOR CURE BY CHINESE OF MALAY. Piar.t Discovered Which Is a Specific For Smoking Habit Free Dispen saries Established Thou sands --Cured. Washington. The anti-opium move ment in Malay, says a Pcnang corres pondent, can only be described as colossal. So rapidly lias it spread and so iopular has It become that it reminds one more of a Welsh revival than a movement undertaken by the itolid Chinese. When the news of the movement first came from 'China a few enthusl--tsts took up the matter in Singapore ad opened a free hospital for the wire of tmokers. but very little prog hss was made. A few weeks 'ago. however, a well-to-do Chinaman in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Selan sor. received from China specimens if a plant which was said to be a cure for the opium habit. A short search revealed the fact that the plant srew freely in Selangor in a wild itate. and in a very short tiite a quantity was obtained and active op erations commenced.. The leaves of the plant, which ap pears to be a shrub somewhat akin (o gambier. are exposed to the sun for day, then chopped fine and. roasted, tfter which an infusion' is made and the specific is ready for use. The first man experimented apon was a roolie employed by a European, and, although he was a confirmed opium smoker, he was pronounced cured in t week. Now an anti-opium society has been 'ormed In Kuala Lumpur, and the specific is distributed free, while so freat has become the demand for the "opium plant" as the, Chinese call' it. that those who gather the leaves in the jungle demand $10 per picul (1331-3 pounds), for them. The dis pensaries established for the dlstribu :ion of the specific are hard pushed to keep up with the demand, the applicants in Kuala Lumpur alone numbering over 2.000 dally. ' The anti-oplumists say they have Mired In the few short weeks since the plant was discovered over 14.000 SAMPLES FOR MANUFACTURERS Department of Commerce and Labor Has Goods Sold in Foreign Markets. Washington. American manufac turers who are desirous of capturing some of the trade in the orient. South America and other countries now en joyed by foreign manufacturers, says a report of the bureau of manufac tures of the department of commerce and labor, should apply to that bureau for its varied lines of samples of goods that find a ready market is those countries. These samples have been gathered primarily for American manufacturers and consist of cotton yarns, piece goods, belts, braids, handkerchiefs.! gloves, laces, towels, etc.. which are manufactured in foreign countries and sold in China, Japan. India. Australia. Turkey. Egypt. South Africa and South America. Wooden Shoe St. Louis Court Decides a Case of Sur- St. Louis. The ancient and honor able wooden shoe received aa unex pected blow in the decision of n St. Louis' magistrate that n German resi dent of this city must cease wearing shoes made of timber because a dwell er In the same fiat could not sleep, on account of the noise. The law. in the case seems somewhat strained, what ever the equity and the ethics may be. Wooden shoes are not illegal and at one time in the history of St. Louis thev beat a tattoo on the city's pave ments as their owners hastened to their daily toil in the dim morning hours, it was not the roar of the street cars that waked the mter slmnberers in those days, but n clatter equally in sistent and penetrating. The wooden shoe has a history. Modern civilization took As first steps in thorn. They encouraged and stood far honesty of purpose. Nothing mech eoola be done on the sly in the dac peop-e iu the Kuala I.umpur district alone, and the statement appears" to be corroborated by the fact, which is Touched for by a partner in the opium farm, who is naturally deeply inter ested in the matter, that the receipts of the opium shops in and around Kuala Lumpur, have fallen off by two thirds, while several shops hare had to close for lack of custom. The federated Malay states will not be very much affected, even If the opium habit be entirely stamped out. for they do not depend upon opium to any great extent for their revenue: but in the Straits Settlements matters will be very different, for the opium farm is the principal source of reve nue, and although the farmers have not yet been affected like the opium dealers in Selangor. they are distinct ly apprehensive as to the effect the spread of the anti-opium movement and the introduction of the specific in the colony will have upon their sales. A month will show whether they really have anything to fear, for the movement may die out as rapidly as it has sprung up. or it may result in the ruin of the opium farmers and the consequent embarrassment of the colo nial government. Hot Water Lake Found. Pierre. S. D Another artesian well has been'secureA.on the line between here and the Msck Hills. snowies that the artesian basin underlies prac tically the whole western half of the state, as well as the eastern half. The water iu this well, like that at Capa, is very warm, having a temperature of over 120, and it is accompanied by a strong now of gas. This Indicates that a hot water well could be secured at Midland, where no borings have yet been made. Township Hao Only Ten. Residents. Lebanon. Fa. Cold.Spriag township, the largest in area. In Lebanon county, has had but one birth in the last four years, a child having been born to Mr. and Mrs. George Boltz. The popula tion of the township now numbers ten. five of the residents being voters. The township also boasts of the oldest resi dent in the county, Mrs. Phreany Ray, who will celebrate her one hundredth anniversary next month. Any or all of these samples, the re port states, will be sent upon applica tion to manufacturers, chambers of commerce and other commercial or ganizations located in cotton manufac turing centers. The bureau also has samples of clogs of various sizes manufactured and worn in the north of England. Also a number of heel irons, sole blocks, soles and nails of different sizes and varieties used in the manu facture of clogs. From Edinburgh, Scotland, there are a large number of samples of wait paper. From China there are toilet soaps made in Austria, France. Ger many and Holland and leather gloves made in Germany, calabash pipe made in Cape Town. South Africa, and a calabash which it is believed may be profitably grown in the United States. on Outlaw. of wooden shoes. Everything was aboveboard. The eavesdropper and the midnight highwayman were prac tically unknown. There could be no secret gatherings to plot and conspire. Where two men were gathered to gether or attempted to gather every body in the block knew it. Did they ascend or descend the stairs or rise from their chairs to appropriate an other pinch of snuff, the entire house hold and the neighbors were conscious of the fact. Wooden shoes secured that publicity so needful to the leading of blameless lives that we now depend upon the I newspapers for. The outspoken wood en shoe thwarted those intrigues that break np families and made impossible expeditions that break up henroosts. It belonged with old-fashioned honesty and virtue, now much less marked in these gumshoe days. It is gone, never to return, but where It stm survives here and there as a relic of the past it deserves the respect even of the Jlotracy. TRADE AT HOME Why Farmer ShomU Give Him Support to the Local Merchant J PRESERVES US OWN MARKET Depreciation of ( Village Property . Must Inevitably' Moan . Deprecia tion of Agricultural -Property -and Encouragement' of Monopoly. (Copyright. M06. by Alfred C. Clark.) The most serious problem tnat con fronts the rural 'towns and villages or this country is the competition of fered local enterprises by -the cata logue houses of the large cities. It is a problem for which a solution must be found if the prosperity and sta bility of the nation is to stand. And the solution of this great profc lem lies in the han'": of the people of the towns'and villages and the farms, especially the farms. The people of the rural communities have everything to lose and nothing (cmsEif& PVffltflWfl ggggggggWftgJggas-sv SSt---VJHB05W4J51w gnu. nnnnnnnnnnTgn:Wii ,a vivv77yHnYUHninwrnnY A nvsnWI nm mTnw'mnWnmKlmi C7sUA:gggT Wy I rf U nVfr'MJ Fll SonmnUVImnlrnl trTTrifo ffal llnnnnWnW7nl v yf MvABnJ Cr Iff ' ll TQ - SWP-v- If -1 Jt In . Give, your. town a chance by, patronising your local merchants and you may confidently . wpict its grim w. buninons and population and a raise in rani estate valwpUsn. Send your money to the catalogue houses and you may look for the reverse. The picture "tells :the story of the possibilities. to gain by sending their money to the 'catalogue houses, by passing by their local merchants and sending their dollars to the concerns who have absolutely no interest in their com munities. These catalogue houses do net pay taxes in your town: the local mer ! chant does. They do not build side walks in your town; the local1' mer-: chant v does. They.-do ,. not contribute to 'the building of roads over which the crops of the farms are hauled to" market; the local merchant ' does. They do not help to build school houses for your children; the local merchant does. They do not assist in the j support of your churches; the local merchant does. But there are some things the cata logue houses do for you and the first and greatest of these is to assist at Mtallir :fm 1MlrMlUfa 1nnF ilWI munity. The dollars they take away never come back to you. They will never help to make a city of your vil lage. They will never increase the value of your real-estate holdings by mang local improvements. Let us look at the subject from the standpoint of the farmer, for it Is the farmer who Is the greatest patron of the catalogue houses. The town or village one, two or three miles from his home is his mar ket for the butter and eggs, .and other produce of his farm. .The half dozen or more merchants of the town, each anxious to obtain his full share of the business of the community, .maintain a competition that, affords to the fanner at all times top prices for the products of bis farm. It Is these half dozen 'merchants that make farm profits possible; the profits are in" no way due to the catalogue houses of the cities. . i But the farmer persists in sending his dollars to the. city. He wants a buggy, or a set of harness, or a pair of stockings, or any of the necessities or luxuries of life, and to get them he takes out his mail order catalogue and looks at the finely printed cuts, reads the well written description, and, pass ing the local merchant by, the mer chant who has purchased his produce at the best market prices, the mer chant .who has helped to build, the community, he .sends his dollars to the catalogue, house in thecity and takes what they choose to send him. What is the result? One after another the doors of the local stores are closed, and where at. one time there were half a dozen mer chants, each bidding for his share of patronage by offering fair prices for that which the farmer had to sell, there Is now but one merchant who has a monopoly, not enly of the sell ing, but of the buying as well, and he pays what he pleases for the fanner's nrodace. The farmer can continue to send bis money to the catalogue house in the city for his supplies, but he cannot send his produce to the same place. In disposing of that he is absolutely dependent upon his local merchant, and by bis patronage of the catalogue houses he has hilled competition, and must now take whatever is offered for what he has to seiL Mr. Farmer, are you helping to kill the goose that is laying your golden egg? Are you sending your dollars to the catalogue houses and by so 'doing kill ing the local industries of your town? Are yon putting your merchants out of business, and creating a monopoly that win pay you what it pJsases for the products of your farm? If you are doing-theee things It SS. time for ya-b ntoji antfjeonsjder ther future. . Ton will hivS look but- little way ahead to see the:resnlL and it will not. be,.a attractive picture-that- greets yon. The , prosperous v-com-munity of, which you are now a port will fade like the summer flowers be fore the winter winds, and almost aa quickly. It Is the fact that there is a market within close proximity,, to your.; farm that makes your acres valuable.' The men wbmaintain this local market for youT are the' men who cause the railroad, trains to stop at your town. Take them away and soon the town will be wiped off the. map. .The Churches will close for lack of support. The. schools will -cease to be a pride, and your sons and daughters will lack the opportunity that is theirs by right of birth, and your acres", that are now valuable because they lie in close proximity to a market) will show a depreciation that will astonish you. Your interests are identical with those of the merchants of your town. By sending your dollars to the city you may cause the merchants to close their establishments, but when they are forced-to this they, can. pack their stock of goods and go elsewhere, but you cannot rack up' your farm and move it; your acres must lie in the IXiJ ' in 4. bed you have builded for them whether it be fair or foul, and it is "np to yon," Mr. Farmer, to spend your money at home, and in this way you can solve the greatest problem, that now con- fmnta thta mnitn' v- - .' (Will you do it? i L ?v ?' , J YANKEE IN DIAMOND FIELDS. Commissions to Study ' a Country Which Produces Such Men. M r. Alfred Mooely ls'an Englishman who admires American: ways so much that he sends commissions here to study us. - Mr. Mosely does .not admire us without a reason. It is not a very1 specific reason. Its name is Mr. Gard ner F. Williams, and, it is By way of being aa American mining engineer. Mr. Williams directs the diamond out put-of tbe-world. Mr. Mosely .made: his fortune In South Africa. 'He watched Cecil Rhodes' dream of. empire develop and knew the men who made it real. The onewho took his imagination was Gardner Williams. Here was a man who had left Michigan at the age of 15 to go with a pioneering father to California in the flush days of the early mining camps, had had a taste of California mining, had gone when still a young man to explore in South Africa and had become a general 'manager of the great monopoly of the diamond mines. A fighter of financial battles and a manager of men. a writer, a scientist and one of the world's greatest'' en gineers, he so stamped his personali ty on the people among whom he lived, that he was feted and cheered by all South Africa when he retired last spring and came back to the United States to build a home for his leisure years in the land of his birth. Worlds Work. Reed's Unruly Tenant. There used to live in Portland Joseph Reed, an uncle of the late Speaks Reed. He was a very large man, and was never known to lose his temper He had an office on Exchange-street, up one flight of stairs. One day he sent one of his tenants, who was behind in his rent, a five days' notice to move, which made his tenant very mad. He called on Mr. Reed boiling over with rage, using some very profane language. Mr. Reed was sitting and writing at a desk. He replied in his quiet, easy voice: "Mr. Stevens, you are mad, and you must not come up here when you are mad." Mr. Stevens kept nght on, only worse, if anything, when Mr. Reed started to get up. saying in the same easy tone of voice: "Mr. Stevens, you must go right down stairs, or I will have to cuff you." Mr. Stevens went quietly down stairs. . In After Years. Father Time had been swinging his scythe for 20 years when they acci dentally met again. He was a bache lor of 45, bald and slightly disfigured, but still in the ring. She a spinster, fat and 40, but not as fair as she used to be. "Do you remember,"' she gurgled, "how you proposed to me the last time we met and I refused you?" "Well, I guess yes." he replied. "It is by long odds the happiest recollec tion of my life." And seeing it was a hopeless case she meandered along on her lonely way. LAMS STEW WITH DUMPLIrlOS. Economical, Simple and Delicious Dish" FoF Dinner. v. f J : Stewing 'to. " without! question, the most economical -and simplest mode of cooking. meats, aays the Woman's Hmi -Tjunnaatna . Woat whtoh is not capable of being: satisfactorily pre pared -by 'other processes of -cooking ismost acceptable, when- dealt -.with In this way. Stewtfare very common rmg 'nhe so-called- working classes Europe, and oftentimes .different kinds of , meat Wter Into their, com position. Let us make .burs of but one kind, namely. Lamb. Buy three pounds of lamb cut from the forequarters., Wipe meat with a piece of cheese cloth wrung out of cold water, remove supernnous iat and the meat in one-and-one-half-inch' cubes. Put in a graniteware kettle, cover with tolling water, bring gradu-t ally to the boiling point and let sim mer (that means, you know, to let boil very, very slowly) until meat is tender, the time required being about two hours. After the first hour of the cooking add one small onion, from which the skin has been removed, then thinly sliced, and half a cupful each of carrot and turnip cut in half inch cubes. Remember that' the best flavor and the brightest color of a car rot lies very near the skin; therefore, carrots should be washed and scraped for the cooking, never pared. On the other hand, turnips should be pared nfter. washing. , To obtain the cubes of vwhlcbl write, cut the vegetables in half-inch slices, then cut the slices in cubes. Wash and pare potatoes, and cut in one-fourth-inch slices; there should be three and one-half cupfuls. Cook five minutes in boiling salted water to cover drain and add to stew 15 minutes before serving time, to fin ish the cooking. Melt three - table spoonfuls of butter, add four-taWe-spoonfuls or flour, and stir until well' blended; then pour on gradually, while stirring constantly, one cupful of the hot liquid in the stew. As soon as the boiling point is reached pour clowly into the stew. Season with salt and pepper, turn on a hot platter and surround with dump ings. Dumplings, when properly made, are light and delicious-and-perfectly easy of digestion: if Improperly made just the reverse is-true. Failures some times occur from not cooking the mix ture as soon as it is mixed, and again, from cooking the mixture over water that falls below the boiling point. Braising. This is a particularly good way to treat dry meats like veal, lean beef from the under part of the round or the face of the rump, the shoulder of mutton, heart, liver, tough fowls, pigeons, or other dry game. The method of braising Is like the old time pot roast, only the braising is far easier In that the water In which it is cooked does not need replenishing, and there Is much less danger of the kettle burning dry. In each case the meat is rolled la 'flour, seasoned with salt, pepper and Just a dusting of sugar to assist in the quick browning Then it Is browsed in the bottom of a kettle or frying pan. using some of its own fat. drippings or butter, as preferred. After this browning pro cess it is put into a stew pan 01 braising kettle, covered with well flavored soup stock, gravy, or even hot water, with herbs and seasonings, then covered tightly and left to sim mer gently for several hours. Six Good Things to Remember. If you heat your knife you can cut hot bread easily. - A teaspoonful of turpentine added to a pail, of -warm water is excellent for all cleaning purposes. Also put a Utile in suds on wash day. Straw matting should never be washed in anything but warm water and salt. Angel cake can be cut easily If knife is wet in cold water. ' To polish floors rub them once a week In beeswax and turpentine. To test eggs, drop eggs in dish of cold water; if they sink they are fresh. Apple Cups. Sift together one pint of flour, one half teaspoon of salt, two tablespoons of sugar, one-half teaspoon soda, one teaspoon cream tartar. Beat one egg. add four tablespoons of sweet milk, and stir into the dry mixture, adding more milk as necessary to make a thick batter. Add two tablespoons of butter (melted) and beat hard. But ter some baking cups and put in each a spoonful of the batter. Add one half apple cup in quarters, add more batter to cover and two-thirds fill the cup. Steam or bake 30 minutes and serve with milk or a sauce. Deep Apple Pie With Cream Cheese. Bake a nice deep pie about half an hour before dinner. Have a small cream cheese pressed through a ricer, mixed with a cup of whipped cream and a little salt Press through a pastry tube or paper funnel on top of the pie In a pattern and ' serve as dessert while still warm. This makes a fine and always appreciated com pany dessert for cold weather. The cheese and cream combination may also be used on the ordinary two crust 'apple pie. New Idea for Quilts. The shops are showing wool wad ding for quilts. It comes in sheets two yards wide and two yards and a quarter long, and costs about two dol lars a yard. The most sanitary way to make these quilts is to cover them with cheese cloth, tacking with soft cotton. They are very pretty when dainty shades of cheese cloth are csed. The. ventilation with these quIKs Is as good as with woolen blankets. Parsnip Cakes. For this purpose they must be boiled until tender, pressed through a colander,- and to each four good sized parsnips a well beaten egg and one tablespoonful of flour should be added; mix. form Into small round cakes and saute in a little beef drip ping. Soiled Clothes. ' No receptacle for soiled clothing should under 'any circumstances be kept In a bedroom mizs wz Mum- Hen music is egg-cellent. .What has happened to the Belgian hare craze? Borrowing trouble. like borrowing tools, is a bad practice. The dairyman who says that dairy ing doesn't pay is ten to one boarding several cows of that kind in his herd. Experiments have proved that it does not pay to keep a hen after her second molt. The selection of the ram is the most important thing in connection with sheep raising. f Alfalfa fever may be called ' a healthy disease. Have you become Inoculated, yet? . Bushel crates are handy. Have plenty of them to store the vegetables in when putting in pie cellar, and it will save handling them twice. (The breeding yards for the turkeys should be gotten ready and' the birds occasionally yarded so that they will get used to their layiag quarters. The false profit which the farmer needs to look out for is the penny overcharge which may cause him to lose a dollar customer. There is no good reason why there should not' be a bathroom and running water in every farmhouse. Believe it? Then why have you not supplied the convenience for your own house? A good use to make of potatoes, tur nips, apples, pumpkins, etc.. that are small aad unmarketable is to cook and feed to the cows, poultry, hogs "or fattening beef cattle. Fifty-two pounds of butter In 21 days is the record claimed for the cow be longing to a Mrs. J. B. Wright, of Ham ilton township. Sullivan county, Illi nois. Certainly the cow is all (W) right, too. Experience by practical dairymen has demonstrated that the closed shed or covered-barnyard for the.cows war ing the day and using the stables only at. milking time gives cleaner cows, more sanitary milking stables and hence cleaner milk. Where running water is not abun dant on the farm It should be secured by other means. Water may be pump ed by windmill, gasoline engine, hy draulic ram, or some other power, to a suitable reservoir, where it wfil supply all needs by gravity. Carrots may be fed to chickens in the raw state In such a way as to give them plenty of exercise in bat ing them. Fasten them upon n string from the ceiling aad then slit the car rot up into strips well up to the large end. This will give the hens n chance, to catch hold and -snip out bits, t An eastern orchardist writes that a year ago last fall he .wrapped the trees of hisorchard which had been badly injured by mice the year before with tar paper, aad that not a tree was touched, and the paper seemed as good as ever for tree protection this winter. The agricultural department has found a new type of red clover-in Ra sia, which in a test with the native clovers of the United States gave a ;better yield than any of them, was more upright, branched more freely, and was free from the hairs which characterise most of our strains. Poultry raising is especially adapt ed to women, and the women of the farm have It in their power to make as great a success of poultry raising as their husbands make of raising horses, cattle, sheep or hogs. Clean liness and faithfulness. are two es sentials in successful poultry raising; and here is where women excel. A farmer was overheard the other day to remark that he had a seed drill that he had used for 30 years, aad that it would not have lasted ten years if he had not kept it In the shed. That is, the careless farmer would have had to bear the expense of two more machines. It Is not hard to figure how the careful farmer makes farming pay. Farming Is authority for the state ment that a taint of tuberculosis con tained in a herd of thoroughbred swine in Missouri has been thoroughly-eradicated by crossing them with the Ger man wild boar. Efforts are now being made to breed back this cross as the meat producing qualities of the Ameri can hogs were impaired, in breeding the new type. One of the 'vexatious things about farm machinery is the tendency of the bolts to work loose and get lost. This can be prevented by occasionally examining the nuts and tightening them if they need It. The winter time gives, good opportunity for 'overhaul ing all the fane machinery and be ing sure' that rt Is in good condition for next season's work; ' Don't pat it off. Spring work will be upon yon almost before you realize it. It's a happy, contented hen which is kept busy. Feed small grain in the morning in the litter so that the Ogv UMvliSmsXjarasuJM' " JgPannmKSKvT hens win be kef busy until time to' feed the mash. Then abet before roasting time in the give a feeding of cracked corn for the them to go to bed on. Be ear hens have fresh water, grits, coal, and keep the hen bowse from droppings and yen will healthy chickens, and will get char free have in the winter time. Even in North Dakota they are raising alfalfa. Seed sown en the ex periment station farm In lsdl and 1302 passed through the winters in good condition, and is stll making vig orous 'growths. On 'June 27 of this year the first crop ef-Turkestan al falfa was 36 Inches high, and yielded 2.S? tons per acre. The second growth, which was as heavy as the first, was aljowed to ripen seedL Grimm .al falfa, as compared with Turkestan, had finer stems and produced mora branches and leaves. A bushel measure (circular) Is 18& inches in diameter and eight inches deep, and contains 2.150.4 cubic inches. In building the square wooden crate they should contain 2.S00 cubic inches, so that the bushel content will not. extend above the top edge of the: crate, and the crates can be thus, stacked one on top of the other. The dimensions of such a crate are 12xl4x 17 inches. The materials used in building are Inch square posts. 12 inches long, for the comers; slots 17 inches long by two aad one half inches' wide by. three-eighths inches thick for sides aad bottom, and end slats of the same dimensions and 14 Inches An experiment in corn growing cov ering a period of 12 years made by, the Rhode Ishtad experiment station has demonstrated that where clover Is used as a cover crop during the win ter the yield of corn greatly en hanced. In the test an acre of land was divided into four parts. All four were planted 'to corn each year, but section 1 was given n cover crop of, clover for the fall and winter, the seed being sown at the last cultiva tion. Sections 2 and 4 were kept fal low during the fall and winter. Sec tion 3 was given rye an a cover crop. It .will be understood that the cover crop made what growth they could during each fall aad early spring, but were turned under when the land was prepared for planting. '.'Hogging corn" Is a new method of feeding whioh has been tested by the Minnesota Agricultural college, and in a forthcoming bulletin the system will be'explained and the result of the two years' experiments set forth. "Hog ging corn" simply means that pigs are turned into a field of corn where they are allowed to eat the com from the stalks. In this way the cost of labor la harvesting and husking the corn is saved as well as the storage. Of course where such a system is fol lowed a hog-proof fence must be built, but according to the experiments at the college the cost of erectmaj was offset by the saving in labor. 'In addi tion to the saving In labor it Is claimed that the ground- is fertilized and stirred np by the rooting of the hogs which puts K hi better condition for the next year's crops. It Is also claimed, that the hags having free range fatten quicker. Pigs weighing about 125 pounds turned Into the fields showed a gain of about 75 pounds each at the end of eight weeks. The new era la farming; is forcing Itself more, and mere upon the atten tion of the general pnbHe outnHe the farming: commnaltJeo. Hardly a mag azine or paper can be picked np with out some article, comment or editorial, being found which bears upon the sub ject. A late number of the Review of Reviews contains an article by Richard H. .Edmonds upon the strides which agriculture fa making in which he says: "We have reached a time of im proved methods in farming aad of restoration) of fertility to the soil. Much is heard about the increase in the fertiliser trade of the country and the development of this Industry has been commensurate with that or other large business Interests, but the real improvement of farming Is found more largely In better methods of handling the soil than in the wider nee of commercial manures. Scientists are teaching farmers here and there, and from them others are learning, how to rejuvenate and rebuild their land by the use of alfalfa, cowpeas. vetch and other crops. They are learn ing how to diversify their products. Increasing wealth and the gala in pop ulation are creating an almost unlim ited market for the diversified crops. The orchard, the truck garden, the dairy, are all yielding their fair share of wealth and helping materially to swell these great totals of agricultural output and increase in farm values." A movement has been started among many lending dairymen to raise the rank of the dairy division of the bureau of animal industry of the government agricultural department to that of a bureau. The following are among the reasons which are ad vanced for the change: First. The present arrangement is illogical. The technical questions relating to mar ket milk, butter and cheese have no possible affinity with inspecting meats at the stock yards, exterminating hog cholera, aad the other natural divi sions of the work of bureau of ani mal industry. Seotwd. The present arrrangement is cot In keeping with the magnitude cf the dairy interests of the nation and their importance, aad it has a tendency to belittle and cheapen 2airying, relatively. On the other hand, the dignity of dairying would be enhanced by patting its of ficial status on a par with that of the other great agricultural specialties, instead of being outclassed by the necessary subdivisions of the work of steer and pig inspection. Third. The efficiency of the work would be in creased if the officer in charge of the national dairy work were at the head of'an independent bureau responsible only to the secretary of agriculture, rather than being one of half a donee division chiefs subordinate to a vet erinary bureau chief Intensely busy with work relating to the beef and pork exports of the nation, and the general health of all Undo of domestic animals aad having no particular in terest In distinctive dairy problems. 3 Iv r A. i,--i I g f - .,., .- . 4&k&$F. aKSi-s-s jr. . HJgT3r C-aOs'. &42&& M&aL&-'$&&& .' vj-r.&?&t'j&as&&&'. -j -tf-jt&tt.i -,-. " - iy T; '.' is. , -r a. ,. . - "i . rVL" ?- ' "V. w
