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FARM 02CBAW), and
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YOU WANT
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Journal Job Printing
.
powers unite: against, sultan
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Mr. Wraps lnJts contributions of any
new Mcis that readers of this department
may wish to jnt-ent. and would be
pleased to answe: cox respondents desiring
Information on subjects discussed. Ad
dress M J Wrass. Waukee or Des
Moines. Iowa
THE LAYING TYPE.
I noticed not very long ago in one
of the leading poultry journals the re
Milts of an experiment conducted at
one of the State College Experimental
Stations for the purpose of ascertain
ing whether or not the hens that are
most prolific in their egg yield can
he reduced to a certain tjpe. A num- I
her of hens of various si?es and j
shapes were selected and records 01
the eggs laid hy each were for a cer
tain time Kept, in an effort to discover
the true "laj ing type," if such existed.
lr the report there were submitted
I-hotographs of the different hens, to
gether with the egg record of each.
It was found that the hen which se
cured the highest average of eggs
laid was in geneial shape and appear
ance almost the exact counterpart of
the one which secured the lowest
average. From this experiment it was
learned that there is after all no
scientific "lajing type" of fowl, and
that the onh way to be sure which
Lens are the most prolific in their
egg ie!I is to '"Keep tab" on them
all the time and breed from the best
layers.
A successful feeder of dairy cows
must hae some succulent feed for
his animals at all times of the jear.
"Whether winter or summer the change
-from succulent feed to dry fodder
means loss The usual summer feed
er wishes that his blue grass pastures
would continue throughout the sum
mer. The man that has summer sil
age to feed has the equivalent of a
blue-grass pastures at its best, even in
the midst of the summer drouth. Our
best dairymen are coming to believe
that silage is profitable to be fed every
month in the jear.
FOWL HINTS.
Do mnckiu bird a sinRin
In de lip top or de I lee.
Hii lie shiKiii" MKlit at me!
He slnRiii' ri;ht at me!
He sav: "I be.it ou nsin'
For de sun 11z in yo" do',
I up an e.it my bre ikfas
IXit'h wh I'm Miisin' to.
"Go lorif: lazy nipper!
You might pou'ful slow;
You'll ne i r l.otch a xxorm
IZt jou don't Ket up en go!"
D Kra" Imxxk s-illin". sailin'
In de lements so flee.
Ji lie lmllei i mlit at me!
He holler ilulit at me!
He s--ix : "I beat ou lisin.
l"o" de vim xxas in dt sky,
I u; en Kotcli my chicken
IXU's x.hy I'm llxin' lush!
"Co lone l.izx- niRKor!
You miRht poxx'ful slow;
You'll nexei Kotcli a chicKen
lit ou don't Rit up en ro!"
I'xcluinge.
VISIT NEIGHBORS' ORCHARDS.
This is a very favorable time of the
ear to visit the orchards in the vicin
ity of jour home where xou can best
judue of the true -value of the different
varieties of fruits, especially the late
maturing and long keeping kinds. In
vite a neichbor who is interested in
fruit growing to go with you; visit
sis many as ou can while making
the day's drive. Keep eyes open that
jou may catch onto as many prac
tical otject lessons as possible. Do
not hesitate to ask all the questions
you can think nf when ou find a real
ly successful orchardist: learn the
secrets of his success and how to
srply them. Study the location, soil
and other natural advantages; then
his methods of protection, planting,
arrangement, etc., etc.. all of which
may save you many of the common
failures that discourage the amateur
fruit grower.
From an exchange we notice that
the estimate has been made that if
the live stock slaughtered in a single
day by Sxvift &. Co. in their various
packing plants were made to pass
under rexiew. they would form a sin
gle or double line as folloxx-3: The
cattle marching two by two would
make a line fifteen miles long; the
fcheep would make a double column
twelve miles long; the hogs a double
column sixteen miles long; the poul
try would form a line six miles long.
The whole column would extend over
fifty miles and would take two days
to pass a given point. The magni
tude of some of the industries in this
country is simply marx-elous.
A SUCCESSFUL DAIRY.
"Where you find a successful dairy
or creamerv -.on will generally find
1. A dairyman in love with his
business and determined to stay by
it and ever be progressive.
2. A dairy cow fitted for a special
purpose.
. 3. A dixiding tin of industry in
three divisions: Butter dairies, fac
tory milk and city supplies; and
4. The adoption of the milk and
cream test for each dairy.
5. Abundant and suitable foods for
the cow, home-grow n as nearly as pos
slble.
6. Barns and stabls made for
dairies, and w inter comfort, and nol
modeled after a summer garden pavil
ion, and these barns so arranged that
economy can be practiced in every
way.
7. That you have a definite knowl
edge of what you want, what is re
quired of you, and above all, market
judgement and tact, to cater to and
please the niarKet.
Let us have more religion in politics
aT4 toss Bolitics in relision.
THE FARM GARDEN.
So much has been said about the
farm garden that the careless fanner
will hardly glance over, much less
read anything more on that line, and
yet the up-to-date farmer will care
fully study how he may have a nice
garden and plenty of good, fresh
vegetables all the time from early in
the spring until late in the winter by
storing them for winter use. To ac
complish this a proper start is the
main point. Commence your plans
for the garden when you are hauling
manure in the fall by saving all the
finest, well-rotted manure that will be
needed for the garden spot. I have
seen lots of farmers when hauling
out their manure take all they can
take up with the fork and leave the
fine material lie. This part of the
manure is just what is needed for
the garden, if it is piled up in some
place out of the way until needed. It
should bo applied where needed late
in the fall or early winter. The gar
den should be large, not an eight by
ten space, like you see on so many
farms, and where jou nearly always
find that the good wife is obliged to
spade the ground and plant the vege
tables herself. With ample ground,
up-to-date implements and a little fore
thought the garden can be made a
means of enjoyment rather than labor.
COLD STORAGE.
The question of cold storage is go
ing to be one that our people, espe
cially the fruit and vegetable growers,
will haxe to prepare for, to meet the
growing demand of our people. In
our opinion it xxill be preferably one
of local solution. In neighborhoods
where there is orchard planting to
any extent, cold storage plant should
be erected. This can easily be done
by co-operation together and building
a plant that will meet the demands of
the surrounding country. This will
rot only be an aid in keeping a com
lortable supply of every vegetable
during the xvinter, but will be the
means of getting better prices for the
produce, and a more adequate supply
for the consumer. This is a matter
ir which we must all become interest
ed. Let it be discussed at our horti
cultural meetings and farmers' insti
tutes in the different states. It has
been demonstrated that there are so
many of our fruits, vegetables and
ether produce that can be kept in this
way, so as to meet the demands of
the markets, that it is no longer an
experiment, but an urgent necessity.
Disease is at all times costly. The
recent visitation of foot-and-mouth
disease in Xexv England cost the gov
ernment $230,000 to stamp it out. It
is supposed that the Infection came
in hides that xvere imported. There
are other diseases, however, that are
costing the country a great deal more
and about which not very much is
being said. One of these is tuber
culosis. It is destroying animals in
manj- herds in a noiseless xx-ay, as it
were, and little by little. In the ag
gregate the losses from this cause
are simply enormous. The live stock
breeders who are noxv opposing reas
onable efforts to remove disease, or
to reduce it to the lowest point pos
sible, are certainly not acting in their
oxvn best interests.
WEEDS.
The last crop of weeds are now
growing and many xvill ha-e ample
time to yet ripen seeds unless cut
down and destroyed. If the farm has
been kept clear this long labor should
not be lost by allowing the last crop
tc ripen and seed the ground. Pas
tures in which ragweed or other
troublesome and useless weeds have
groxxn up should be run over once
again with the mowing machine
and the stubble fields, too, that have
grown a second crop of weeds should
be cut. The scythe and sickle also
should be used where needed. Every
crop of weeds that grow and are des
troyed lessens the number of seeds In
the ground and as another crop will
spring up to be cut down by the frost
the numbers that have been destroyed
during the season will greatly lesson
the next season's weed crop and thus
increase the farmers' crop while les
sening his labor.
Canada xvill export this jear butter
and cheese to the value of $30,000,000
and bacon to the value of $15,000,000.
The Canadian government is encour
aging the establishment of creameries
all over the far northwest.
HOMESICK COWS.
A cow moved into a strange barn
among coxvs that are entirely strange
to her often suffers from homesickness
as much as a human being would away J
from home among strangers. She is
in no condition to gix-e her best flow
of milk or her richest milk until she
has become accustomed to her sur
roundings, and it is not fair to judge
her by her production the first week.
Some cows seem nex-er to entirely re
cover from such a change, or at least
not until they have calved again. This
is another reason why a cow that one
has raised from a calf is more valu
able that one as well bred and well
marked that he has bought. If the
change is from a cold stable to a
warm one, and from scanty to liberal
feeding, the cow may soon become sat
isfied with the changed conditions and
increase her production of milk, hut
when the change is the other way
there might about as well be no cow
there.
One swallow does not make a sum
mer, but enough of them will make a
man a soner.
INOCULATING SOIL.
Few things seem to call out more
questions than the proposed plan of
starting the bacteria that do so much
for the soil. Here is one from Ken
tucky: "I have been much interested in
the articles on bacteria for legumes,
and wish to try it this year. I have a
seven-acre plot sown September 20
to crimson clover and rye, and would
like to know whether an application
on the surface of bacteria-infected soil
would help it. When and how should
it be applied? I am breaking ground
cow for oats and clover to be sown in
February-. Would inoculation be bene
ficial then? My land is all hill or up
land and poor, and at present I am
compelled to use commercial fertiliz
ers, but I am hoping, with cow peas,
clover and stock, to be able before
many seasons to discontinue the use
of commercial fertilizers to a large
extent." A. G. S.
You xxill obtain some results from
scattering the soil from the other field
ox-er the crimson clover, but it will not
be as satisfactory as working the soil
into the field xx-ould be. I would use
the soil in the Spring just as the
clover begins to groxx'. My experience
is limited, but we have always had
best results when we put the soil from
the other field into the drill when
planting, or worked it into the fresh
soil with a harrow. If there is a field
within easy reach of you where clover
does xx-ell I would certainly get some
of the soil, with as many clover roots
as possible in it, and harrow it into
the new seeding. -It xxill not help the
oats, but it will probably give the
clox-er a better chance. We must
understand just what clover and cow
peas are expected to do for that poor
land. They will get more or less
nitrogen out of the air and put it in
the soil, but they will not add to the
potash and phosphoric acid already
in the soil. They will make some that
is there now more available, but after
a time even these plants which add
nitrogen if used alone will fail to pro
duce a paying crop. In trying to re
store poor land I would always use
potash and phosphoric acid with cow
peas or clover. That is the true prin
ciple of green manuring, or using
crops to build up the soil. We can to
a large extent save the cost of nitro
gen by getting it from the air, but the
other elements cannot be obtained in
this way.
"Blood red hangs the woodbine
And sere the maple leaf;
And l'olloxv in the wind the pine
"With Autumn's chilling breath.
On grey hill-side the wahoo gleams
With luddy. crimson spaik.
While through the air the gassomer
Tiails faint from dawn to dark."
FALL SOWN ONIONS.
A correspondent disposes of the
onion question in the following man
ner: "Here is the way I plant my onions;
Spade and thoroughly prepare the
ground about the tenth of November;
riant and then cover with straw or
other mulch for the winter. Remove
the mulch about the middle of March,
and top dress liberally with manure.
Cultivate as soon as ground is dry
enough to xvork and you will have
onions fit for a queen."
In absence of definite information
en this point, it may be inferred that
this applies to onions raised from
seed. Would this be a good plan to
follow in case of sets of "button"
onions? Perhaps it would be as well,
as to set them in the spring if the
mulch were thick enough, but the
middle of March would be early to
remox-e the covering in this climate.
Onions are tough and a little freeze
does not seriously injure the young
plants. If there is any seed on hand
the plan is a good one to try.
A GOOD POULTRY HOUSE.
It costs no more to build a well reg
ulated poultry house than a poorly
regulated one. Crawling and twist
ing through little doors, working at a
disadvantage with nests and feed
boxes, opening stubborn windows and
other unpleasant things to grapple
with, is enough to try the patience of
any one, and almost lead them to say
"there is a time when patience ceases
to be a virtue." With the best ar
rangements there is always enough to
try the attendant without unnecessary
hindrances.
One cause of loss in feeding cattle
is lack of the necessary conveniences,
for. while buildings, feed troughs,
hayracks, etc., may be of the plainest
and cheapest construction, cattle will
not gain flesh without shelter in bad
weather, and a dirty, wet bed is not
conducive to the laj ing on of flesh and
without troughs and racks much of
the food would be wasted.
COVER THE BULB BED.
Be sure to give the spring blooming
bulbs a nice warm winter blanket of
leaves, little from the stable, or brush
or a combination of all, and do not be
in a hurry in spring to get them out
of their winter clothes. Don't rush
out the first warm day and clear away
all the brush and litter just because
it is unsightly looking. The crocus
and snowdrop will not need so warm
a covering as the other bulbs and
can be uncovered earlier in the spring.
But from the tulip, hyacinths, etc.,
gradually remove the covering, leav
ing the finest of the stable litter oa
the beds permanently.
Map showing location of Piraeus,
Athens and Constantinople.
EASTERN AFFAIRS AT A CRISIS.
Grave Danger in Attempt to Coerce
Turkish Sultan.
The Russian crisis and other events
of the first importance have so en
grossed attention that the controversy
between the "concert of Europe" and
the "sublime porte" has received com
paratively little notice. Yet it is of no
small consequence intrinsically, and
by no means free from dangerous pos
sibilities. Bulgaria's alleged threat to
march troops into Macedonia in case
the powers fail to secure "complete
reforms" is an illustration of this.
What are the causes of the naval
demonstration which a rather hetero
geneous fleet commanded by an Aus
trian admiral and representing that
power as well as France, England,
Italy and Russia is about to make in
Turkish waters? What is the com
bined action intended to accomplish?
The trouble is connected with the
old and still unsettled Macedonian
question. It will be remembered that
about two years ago Russia and Aus
tria were commissioned by Europe to
Impose certain reforms upon the sul
tan's government with regard to the
Macedonian and other districts. Their
program was mild, but it was consid
ered good diplomacy to move cautious
ly in an atmosphere so charged with
electricity as the "near East." The
Turkish gendarmerie was reorganized
and placed under foreign inspectors,
and certain fiscal measures were
agreed to by the porte.
No doubt the situation is better now
in Macedonia than it xxas at the time
the Russo-Austrian irreducible mini
mum was reluctantly accepted by the
sultan, but there is ample room for
further improvement. In several re-
MUTINY IN MISSOURI PRISON
Arrow points to gate blown
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The picture shows the gate of the state penitentiary at Jefferson City,
Mo., through which the mutineers, after killing or wounding the guard
ians and blowing the steel door down with nitroglycerin, escaped.
KILLED IN CONVICT UPRISING.
Three Dead and Three Wounded at
Missouri State Penitentiary.
In a desperate encounter between
guards and convicts within the walls
of the Missouri state penitentiary, at
Jefferson City, Nov. 24, a prison
guard, gatekeeper and one convict
were killed, and the deputy warden,
a guard and a convict wounded.
Four convicts wrecked the big iron
gates with nitroglycerin. They at
tacked Deputy W'arden See in his of
fice, shooting him in the arm and
shoulder. At the outer gate they shot
Clay dead, also Allison, who resisted
them, and blasted a way out with
another explosion.
Jumping into a wagon, they forced
the driver to speed ihem to the out-
WWWWWWWWWWVAV
Left Orders for Simple Funeral.
John F McClelland, a wealthy far
mer of North Franklin township, near
Washington, Pa., has died, leaving a
will which includes the following: "I
direct that my body be interred in
the hill orchard on the farm I own, in
a rough, unplaned box that will cost
about $1, and use the clothing I have
in the house and have no funeral or
preaching in the house. Employ two
men to haul my body up to the or
chard and inter it at the corner tree
of the Lewis Snyder farm and mine
and place no mark on the grave."
Will Make Own Way Unaided.
B. L. Winchell, Jr., whose father is
president of the Rock Island railroad,
is working for $60 a month in Mexico,
Tex., in the engineering department
of the Trinity and Brazos Valley road.
He is paying his own living expenses
out of the sum mentioned and is de
termined not to trade on his father's
lame. The young man gravely ac-'-nowledged
that from the standard of
"ure pleasure he enjoyed himself
-nore while on an automobile tour of
urope than he does working at his
present job.
1 yf -J
spects for example, the repatriation
of exiled Macedonian peasants at the
expense of the government Turkey
has violated her promises, and dissat
isfaction has been acute and menacing.
Some months since the powers
agreed that the next step toward Mace
donian reform should take the form
of international financial control of
that part of Turkey's European domin
ions. Foreign judicial control has also
been suggested, and it may come later.
The demonstration now projected is
the method of the "concert" of coerc
ing Turkey into acceptance of the
financial reform. The diplomatic ne
gotiations consumed a long time, and
the sick man exhausted the resources
of his well-known skill in introducing
and encouraging discord into the "con
cert," The sultan says he cannot yield, be
cause surrender would offend his Mo
ABDUL rtATJ
hammedan population, impair his pres
tige and excite revolt and massacre. A
show of force may "save his face"; at
any rate, it is hoped that he will not
carry opposition to a really serious
point. The seizure of a port or two
should bring about the desired result.
Chicago Record-Herald.
up with nitroglycerin.
V'
- - "vsi .n
skirts of the c;ty. They were sur
rounded by guards and armed citi
zens. Hiram Blak was shot dead and
Vaughn wounded, when the other twe
surrendered.
Vaughn is serving forty years for
participating with two other bandits
jn the killing of three detectives in
St Louis.
Chinese Girl a Newspaper Reporter.
Margaret Jessie Chung, a 16-year-old
girl of Chinese parentage living
in Los Angeles, Cal., has become a
newspaper reporter there. She is
teaching English in the Chinese col
ony of that city and for a year past
has been secretary of a church mem
orial union. " Miss Chung is thor
oughly American in spirit, dress and
ambition.
www
Oldest Enlisted Man in Army.
The oldest enlisted man in point ol
service in the United States army
is said to be Color Sergeant William
G. Hardy of the Fourth cavalry, which
was stationed for the last year at Fort
Walla Walla, Washington, but which
left recently for the Philippine is
lands. Born in the army, he has
spent thirty-eight years in the service
and expects to die there. His fathei
was a regular and was stationed at
Fort Wadsworth, Staten island, N
Y., when William was born. That
was fifty-eight years ago.
Has Thirty-six Children.
George Fields, a Cherokee Indian
living in Indian territory, will be
recommended to President Roosevelt
for commendation because of his anti
race suicide tendencies. As a rule
very large families are not prevalent
among the Indians, but Fields, who
has been married three times, is the
father of thirty-six children, twenty
six of whom are now living. He is 60
years old. He has the largest family
in the Cherokee nation and the land
allotment of the family is necessarily
a big one.
- sSsSKvSvoC tall i miiii
1 Pllv
EM:
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BECAUSE:
Styles are always up-to-date.
Work is guaranteed.
Prompt delivery.
Reasonable prices.
If we haven't it we will order it We can save business
men money on printed forms; we can get engraved
cards for society people; better styles at lower prices.
Journal Sale Bills bring crowds. Journal Letter Heade
bring business. Try us.
Columbus Journal 60.
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The general twcjadlce
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gall et eir yea aae to take
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prlee far tne freaa, pare raw ell
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pleted; content ctth tbe preflt on toe paint alone aad anawtna;
that any 14 year eld bey caa mix lata paste aad the pare raw eU
Beta Boacm separately irena tae teeci neater. Mmpiy star cetaer,
aallea ler anllea, sere, ae less, and aethlas; else, aad YOV haaa
yea have aa absolutely pare linseed eu paint that m
as least 25 less thaa aay "High Grade" KeadyHlxed
honest price for both paint and ell aad year MB perse
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WHEREVER WE HAVE NO AGENT. YOUR OWN DEALER WILL
SET "KINLOOH" FOR YOU. IF SHOWN
KINLOCH PAINT COMPANY. ST. LOUIS MO.
1 1 II III I i II I II I II I
TO
CHICAGO
EAST
Without Change of Cars
UNION PACIFIC R. R.
Chicago- Milwaukee & St. Paul
Railway.
For Time Tables rnd Special Kates see Union Pacific
Agent, or write
F. 1. MSN, BtH'l Wtsttrn Agtil, 1524 Fiinui St.
OMAHA. NEBRASKA.
Going East
Four fast daily trains via the Union Pacific R.R.
and The North-Western-Line take you through
to Chicago without change of cars over
The Only Double Track Railway Bttwetn
the Missouri River and Chicago
Pullman standard and tourist sleeping cars, free re-
dining chair cars and day coaches.
Direct connection in Omaha Union
Depot with fast daily trains to Sioux
City, Mankato, St. Paul, Minneapolis
and Duluth.
For rates, tickets and foil information apply to
Agents of the Union Pacific R. R. or address
l. a. KMM, AMI. Ma. Frt. m rasa. Agsat
CMsaes A NsraVWastem Ry
No. 1201 FAftNAM ST.
Kansas City Southern Railway
Straight as the Craw File"
KANSAS CITY TO THE QULF
aeVafafJeBfasan-ennannn
PA83ING THROUGH A GREATER DIVERSITY OF
CLIMATE, 801L AND RE80URCE THAN ANY OTHER
RAILWAY IN THE WORLD, FOR IT8 LENGTH
Along its line are the flneatlsndi.raltedfor growing small grain, eorn.naz,
cotton; for commercial apple and peach orchard., for other fruit, and ber
ries; Xor commercial cantaloupe, potato, tomato and general truck farms;
for sagar cane and rlee cultivation; for merchantable Umber; lorralalag
hones, mules, cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry and Angora goats.
Write fer Infer matien Cencarolsg
FREE GOVERNMENT HOMESTEADS
few Ceteny Locations, Improves Farm. Mineral Lands. Rice Lanes ans" TtaeSf
Lane's, aad far CMles ef "Current Events," Basinets Ossortssities,
Rice leek, K. C.S. Frait Beak.
Cheap round-trip homeeeekers' tickets oa sale first and third Tuesdays at
each month.
THE SHORT LINE TO
THE LAND OF
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