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EDUCATOR AND BUSINESS MAN
UNDER INDICTMENT FOR FORGERY
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Journal Job Printing
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WHY HOGS ROOT.
A -writer on swine says: It Is the
hi5"s nature to root, and nature has
provided them -with not only the pro
pensity, but the implements to indulge
it. As the wants of the animal are
supplied without rooting, the rooting
portion of the hog becomes less suit
able to tb" purpose, as all the im
proved breeds are shortening up in
the nose and snout.
Kogs root for worms and tubers or
grasa roots. These not only aid as a
ration of maintenance, but as a regu
lator and conditioner of the system.
The desire to root at the present time
is a symptom usually that the stomach
demands something that it is not re
ceiving. Hogs that are fed on dry corn or
grain feed endeavor to secure that
which will relieve it. To prevent this
condition. e would feed plenty of
charcoal or wood ashes, also a little
oJ meal, to get them into proper con
dition. An animal that forms the habit of
rooting will root regardless cf de
mands. It is as hard to break them of
the habit .as it is the chewmz of to
bacco in the human race, and the only
preventive is some system of ringing
to prevent the use of the snout.
Many a man has been hampered for
life by buying too Iarsre a farm at the
start, and still a greater number have
condemned themselves to bondage for
the remainder of their natural lives
by buying more land when the farm
upon which they started upon is not
qre paid for. Probably the majority
of rhe farms in this country are much
r o ii.rn and their owners would not
on'y take life more easily, but would
also make more money if they would
!.. rent or convert into pasture or
woodland some of the acres that have
long been kept under the plow. As a
rul large crops on small areas pay
better than, small, or even moderate
fields per acre in large fields.
CLOVER IN FALLING ORCHARDS.
HORTICULTURAL NOTES.
Western prairie lands are generally
sufficiently fertile for an orchard
growth and need no enriching until
the trees begin to show signs of weak
ness in vigor from crop beanns. and.
even then, may be invigorated by use
of crops of red clover grown among
the trees, allowing the crop to fall
and decay upon the ground each year.
By this treatment a large amount of
decaying vegetable matter will accu
mulate upon the land, rich in plant
food, and forming a moist protection
from hot summer sun and deep freez
ing during winter, a condition condu
cive to health and vigor in trees. All
lands lacking in humus can have this
element restored to a great extent by
such treatment, and orchards which
have been treated thus with red clover
maintain greater longevity, fruitful
ness :md greater excellence in fruit
produce; besides, such treatment dis
penses with the costly necessity of
using special fertilizers. As to the in
dication when a bearinc: orchard needs
stimulating, the eminent pomologist,
Dr. Warder, once said: "When the
growth of the terminal branches fail
to make an annual extension of at
least one foot in length, the trees
should be stimulated by manuring the
land and
tion."
riving it thorough cultiva-
SEED MIXTURE FOR PASTURES.
If the soil is not too wet the fol
lowing mixture has siven me the best
results: Timothy, 4rt pounds, orchard
grass. 35 pounds; meadow fescue. 25
pounds; red clover. 20 pounds; alsike
clover, 5 to 10 pounds. Prepare a
good seed bed, fertilize with either
barnyard manure or commercial fer
tilizer. Sow grass in the fall, follow
ing in the spring with the clover. If
sown alone, 30 to 40 pounds per acre
is none too much; if with some other
crop, such as wheat or rye. less seed
will do. Most farmers do not sow
enough seed nor enough varieties of
grasses for the best results. I can
get double the amount of hay and of
better quality, as with different varie
ties they more completely occupy the
ground and keep out weeds. Stock
also does better on a mixture, and
th aftermath starts quicker and gives
the very best of pasture. Rover, in
Naticnal Stockman.
Do not fail to take an invoice of
all the stuff that you have around the
farm. Place a conservative value
upon it. and in most cases you will
find that you are worth more than you
hought ycu were.
GROWING MEDICINAL PLANTS.
The pxtpn-:ive imports of leading
"Tnigs, exceeding S3.000.000 annually.
nave lea tae ceparuneuL ol aituimic
' to study the possibility of profitably
producing some of these at home.
The cultivation of golden seal, snake
root, and similar native drug plaats,
which are becoming exterminated in
the wild state, has been begun on a
small scale. 'The leaves of plants like
stramonium cannot be produced prof
itably unless grown where land and
labor are cheap. Experiments in cur-in"-
leaves with artificial head gave
promising results.
A Tpar! who naturally dislikes milk
ing and taking care of dairy cows in
general cannot expect to become a
.successful dairyman- we. must iove
pnr work to succeed, he it dairying or
'4S7' other work-
Thrifty young trees are more apt
to live than the larger ones. Their
roots are smaller and more apt to
be all taken up in transplanting.
When cultivating an orchard, care
should be taken not to plant a crop
that requires too deep cultivation or
too deep digging to harvest it.
Some expert grape growers contend
that for the first two years the grape
vines should be closely pruned down,
in order to secure a good root growth.
It costs less to grow a good head of
cauliflower, it is said, than it does to
grow cabbage. The best seed is said
to come from the Puget Sound coun
try. A Xorth Carolina orchardist says
that fruit trees planted .on the north
side of a high, hilly ground are never
known to utterly fail on account of
damage from freezing.
In dry weather do not water trees
by pouring water on the surface. A
hollow should be formed around each
tree, which should be well soaked witn
water repeatedly.
Cut away the trees, shrubs and vines
from around the well arranged coun
try home, and you will cut away a big
slice from the selling price. Add such
things to the treeless home, and you
will make it worth more, and also
easier of sale.
The King raspberry is proving a
close competitor for the well-known
Loudon, and deserves a trial by all
who are growing this delicious fruit
for market. We doubt if anything
could be better than the Loudon for
home use. Indeed, where it does as
well as it seems to all over this sec
tion, we are inclined to regard it the
easiest to grow and the best of all
small fruits for the farmer's garden.
AUTUMN LEAVES.
A srrand old artist
I paintms- the woods
From an unknown land
With a master hand.
The fairest of tints
The fairest of tints
Livlnj; zrt-n to red
With yellow and brown
From an arch o erhtud.
A carpet of leaves
On the ground fes spread,
Undernath the trees
W here the jrrass is dead.
Fanni E. Jackson.
Trees, flowers and shrubbery add
much to the value of the house, but it
is better not to set out plants for
ornamentation if they are not to be
cared for, as a neglected farm is a
very unsightly spectacle. A farm sur
rounded with vines and flowers will
sell, when a better farm, but not so
ornamental, will nor find a purchaser.
Paint and whitewash also add largely
to the attractiveness of a farm.
REASONS FOR PRUNING TREES.
If one were asked for specific direc
tions as to how to prune a fruit tree it
would be unsafe for him to make an
answer without first having seen the
tree. No dogmatic rules can be given,
though a generalization might be ven
tured. Each tree requires different
treatment. Each tree presents a new
set of problems to be solved by the
pruner. Different reasons exist as to
why a certain tree should receive pe
culiar treatment or pruning different
from that given another of the same
age. variety and growth. The chief
reasons for pruning are as follows:
First To modify the vigor of the
plant.
Second To produce a larger and
better fruit.
Third To keep the tree within man
ageable shape and limits.
Fourth To chance the habit of the
tree from fruit to wcod production, or
vice versa.
Fifth To remove surplus or injured
parts.
Sixth To facilitate tillage.
Seventh To train plants to some
desired form.
The trained horticulturist no more
thinks of neglectinz pruning than
omitting spraying. He places a high
estimate on these operations, for he
knows what they mean to him in dol
lars and cents and in the longevity of
his orchard's usefulness.
AUTUMN.
"All of the reapinc is over aid done;
Green are the pastures and still:
Warm lies the earth, it ae smile of the
sun.
Brooding- on meadc. nd hill:
Hardly a leaf by the h?ht breeze is
thrilled;
Wide is the peace of the sky;
Tet in the silence the summer fuiailed.
Whispers he children -Good-by!" "
GIVE THE COWS SALT.
While dairymen all realize the im
portance of salting cows, it is a mat
ter that is often neglected. A trial
recently made by the Mississippi Ex
periment Station shows that inatten
tion to this important part of the
dairy cow's ration is a rather expen
sive oversight.
Three dairy cows were kept with
out salt for a period of two weeks.
During that time the cows gave a
yield of 454 pounds of milk and during
the second period of two weeks, where
salt was supplied, the yield of milk
was 564 pounds, showing a gain in
that short time of 110 pounds. This
should set our readers thinking.
In figuring up the profits of your
cow, do not forget to deal fairly with
her and give her credit for enough
skim milk to raise a calf or its equiv
alent in pigs. If she is not doing this,
you had better look out for a better
cow, and put this one in the feeding
pen with the steers.
Much humus may be added to the
soil by plowing under a cover crop.
THE TILING OF LAND.
Since the days of Roman agricul
ture, even before the dawn of the
Christian era, the drainage of land by
means of removing water through
closed instead of open ditches has re
ceived attention from writers on agri
cultural topics throughout all the cen
turies during that period. On this
subject, Cato, in the second century
before the Christian era, wrote:
"In the winter it is necessary that
the water be let off from the fields.
On a declivity it is necessary to
have many drains. When the first of
the autumn Is rainy, there is the great
est danger from water; when it be
gins to rain, the whole of the serv
ants ought to go out with sarcles and
other iron tools, open the drains, turn
the water into its channels and take
care of the corn fields, that it flow
from them. Wherever the water stag
nates amongst the growing corn, or
in other parts of the corn fields, or in
the ditches, or where there is any
thing that obstructs its passage, that
should be removed, the ditches opened
and the water let away."
At the time in which this writer
lived covered drains were merely
trenches, these being filled with
stones or gravel, or in some cases a
rope of twigs tied together and fitted
in the bottom, after which the drains
were filled with earth. Although little
progress was made in the art of drain
age until about two centuries ago. yet
since that time great advancement
has been made, this advancement hav
ing to do principally with materials
used in conducting water from a soil.
Not only has there been an evolution
in the shape of the conduit from the
old horseshoe shape of tile to the cir
cular form, but radical changes have
been made in the direction of improv
ing the character of the material used.
At present there is but little tile on
the market that has not been burned
so hard as to practically last forever,
or at least for several generations.
This being true, it is singular that
there is so much reluctance on the
part of men to make the much-needed
improvement of tiling out at leas:
part of their land. The heavy loss
that has been sustained by farmers of
the corn belt during the last two
years on account of excessive mois
ture is stimulating men to action on
the matter of tile draining.
"Be kind to the cows," should be a
motto burned into the mind of every
dairyman. The dairy cow is a sensi
tive animal. Her work is delicate.
She is a machine converting her daily
product into dollars and cents. Treat
her well.
SORGHUM-SYRUP MAKING ON
THE FARM.
Not longer ago than the early six
ties the growing of sorghum was very
common on the farms of Illinois, Iowa
and other Western states. A large
portion of the product was made into
syrup upon the farm where grown or
at small neighborhood mills. In sec
tions where large quantities were
grown within a radius of five or ten
miles of a good-sized town larger mills
run by water or steam power were
established and the syrup made by
the hundreds or thousands "of barrels.
Now. aside from a few isolated locali
ties in Illinois. Wisconsin and a few
other states, there is but little sor
ghum grown outside of Kansas and
even there growers are getting dis
heartened. With the ever-increasing demand for
sweets this state of affairs ought not
to exist, for, there is no healthier sweet
han sorghum syrup and with proper
handling the growing of the cane for
its production may be made as profit
able as any ordinary staple farm crop;
its growing also adds to diversified
farming another important factor, and
to the farmer's source of income a
mine susceptible of large development.
A whole lot of us do not carry out
our plans, and largely the fault is
wholly our own. We know of forty
or fifty farmers who this year fully
expected to sow a few rods of alfalfa,
but they permitted some very trifling
matter to keep them from carrying
out their plans. Then we know of a
still larger number who were deter
mined to select, dry and store a good
lot of their best ears of corn, for seed.
Most of these farmers selected from
the crib and have a poor or uneven
stand, and will not have by a few
bushels per acre the average yield
they might have produced. Let's not
permit these small things to turn us
aside from our good intentions.
It's the milch cow's inning now.
For the past five years the milch cow
has had "hard sleddin'." She had
been obliged to compete for the farm
er's favor against 6-cent hogs and 5
cent beef steers. She is the one to
whom many a hard-pressed farmer is
now looking for relief. It is the "man
behind the cow" who knows on which
side his bread is buttered these days.
CLOVER HAY.
Clover hay is much better appre
ciated than it used to be. While most
horsemen in cities are still shy of it,
the farmers know, as they always
have done, that in nutritious value it
far surpasses timothy or other grasses.
It contains more nitrogenous nutrition
than the grasses. This is what
makes it hard to cure without turn
ing dark colored, but the late clover
crop, which is always nearly black
when got into the barn, is, for sheep,
cows, and calves, the best hay of alL
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JVZTfTOY-C'
JXXX3ZZ7?
Newton C. Dougherty, now under
Indictment on a charge of forgery,
has been superintendent of the
schools of Peoria, 111., for twenty
seven years. He is a Philadelphiaa
by birth and was graduated from the
high school of that city. In 1S6S,
when he was but 21 years old, he
moved to Illinios and became principal i
of the schools at Morris. Afterward I
he serve'd for five years as principal ,
of the Rock River seminary at Mount t
Morris and was then chosen superin- i
DUAL EMPIKES WOES
HUNGARIANS AND AUSTRIANS
HAVE LITTLE IN COMMON.
Former Complain They Are Ruled as
a Conquered Country by the Gov
ernment of Which Emperor Franz
Joseph Is the Head.
Hungary, at present, does not seek
independence from Austria. It wants
a separate Hungarian army. It de
mands that the Magyar tongue shall
be the language of command.
Ultimately the intention is to
maintain a mere alliance between the
two counrries, dissolving the commer
cial partnership.
The link between the two would
then consist only of the emperor
king's personal sovereignty.
Emperor Franz Joseph has stead
fastly resisted all demands curtailing
Austrian power.
The result is a deadlock which
threatens a war of secession.
Should Hungary revolt it is prob
able Bohemia will follow.
A breaking out of the Austrian em
pire would probably throw the old
duchy of Austria into the German em
pire. Franz Joseph is emperor of Austria
and king of Hungary, commanding
the common army.
Naval and military matters, foreign
affairs, customs and currency are sup
posed to be administered in common.
This dual system was adopted by
the ausglerch (agreements of 1S67.
Franz Joseph has been able only
to maintain the ausglerchs (agree
ments) not only between Hungary
and Austria, but between the seven
teen crown lands represented in
the reichsrath at Vienna, by personal
influence, and by playing off the dif
ferent factions against each other.
tendent of the schools of Peoria. Mr.
Dougherty also is president of the
Peoria National bank, is a heavy
stockholder in other concerns and is
trustee of the fund of $175,000
held by the National Educational as
sociation and is a past president of
the association. He is a close friend
of Nicholas Murray Butler, president
of Columbia university of New York,
and for years has been regarded as
one of the foremost educational men
in the country.
Partisan strife has frequently allow
ed the emperor to block all legisla
tion for months at a time, thus afford
ing him opportunities to make laws
and issue decrees as he pleased.
To all intents and purposes, owing
to the manipulations of the emperor
and his minister servants. Hungary is
now a country without any govern
ment recognized by the people.
At present the army, while recruit
ed among Hungarians, is commanded
mainly by Austrians, commanded in
German, and the colors are Austrian.
In the eyes of Hungarians this army
makes Hungary look like a conquered
country.
In 1300, Hungary and Transylvania
had a population of 16,765,143; Bohe
mia. 6.31S.2S0; the rest of the empire,
22,224,412.
Area in square miles: Hungary and
Transylvania, 10S.25S; Bohemia, 20,
060; rest of Anstria, 220.SS2.
TROUBLES OF BUSINESS LIFE.
Men's Struggles Underestimated by
Women, Says a Writer.
The average woman seldom hears
anything about the appalling cannibal
ism of the struggle for life and money.
From the cradle to the grave she is
much in the position of a man who has
a fixed and certain income over and
beyond that he acquires by his own
efforts. The actual battle for suprem
acy never comes directly home to her.
Women are prone to underestimate
the terrors of this homicidal strife.
They look upon a man in business as a
being who achieves large profits from
small exertions and entirely escapes
the dull, plodding routine of house
keeping and children rearing that they
must face. As a matter of fact, the
average man, whether he be a bank
president or a day laborer, spends
nine-tenths of his time performing
drudgery of the most depressing sort
It is a rare moment when he is not
compelled to do something that he
doesn't want to do. It is a moment
rarer still when he does not find him
self in conflict with the aims or ambi
tions of some other man. Baltimore
Herald.
JtDGr Zfr.fia&ESKZ&r
Who Received the Report of the Grand
Jury Which Indicted Dougherty.
The ministers are practically the
servants of the emperor, though in
law they are responsible to the parliament.
Canada Feels Regret.
Nearly every man in Canada who
reads the newspapers has felt shame
for his country because of the long
delay in turning over Gaynor and
Greene to the United States authori
ties. They are charged with frauds to
the amount of $2,t;0o,G00, and by one
means, and another they have made
use of the Canadian courts and pro
cesses of law to resist extradition for
the past three or four years. It is a
reproach to this country, which, more
than most countries, has prided itself
on the swift and unerring processes of
justice where criminals are concerned.
The law forms a preposterous maze of
difficulties where a man has wealth
enough to hire half a dozen keen law
yers to plan a campaign. Toronto
Star.
Many of our readers will sow fall
seed. See that these fall sown crops
are placed in the rotation where they
belong. 1
Nobleman Is Farmer.
Lord Carew, the English nobleman,
is a farmer of renown and owns a
herd of Jerseys of rare strain. Hi3
arifa rtelihrs rn rr "a-miTIHTicr" ;
short skirt and low-cut bodice, and is
said to put most of the expert milk
maids to blush.
The Reporter as a Soldier.
An item in a Kansas City paper teJIs
of the death of a reporter in Wichita
through injuries contracted in the per
formance of his reportorial duties.
The reporter was sent out at a late
hour of the night to "cover" a suicids
and fell over a pile of bricks in a dark
alley, injuring himself internally and
dying from the effects of the fall a few
days later. This man died at his post
of duty as truly as the fireman or po
liceman who loses his life in any great
catastrophe that brings his duties into
play. And the death of this young
man ought to impress upon the news
paper reading world the sacrifice and
often the heroism that the news gath
erers on the daily papers are capable
of. The reporter is a soldier who
never disobeys a call to duty, even
though it is to face death in a battle
or enter a burning building or a night
run on a locomotive or to enter a den
of thieves in order to give his paper
and its readers the "news." Denver
News.
Happy Days for the Farmer.
The American farmer, whether he
has coaxed his crop from the granite
rocks of New England or gathered it
where "the earth is so kind that just
tickle her with a hoe and she laughs S
with a harvest,"" is expanding under
the genial glow of a successful sea
son. As all over the land he sits down
with his family about him at his
groaning table to celebrate his harvest
home, let us all wish him many sea
sons to come more abundant even
than this one and drink his health in
Douglas Jerrold's toast: "The life of
a husbandman! A life fed by the
bounty of earth and sweetened by the
airs of heaven." Cincinnati Enquirer.
Social Gayeties for the Fairbanks.
Vice President and Mrs. Fairbanks
are planning a great social campangn
in Washington for the coming winter.
Members of the Indiana colony say
Mr. Fairbanks proposes to outdo him
self in entertaining. The home now
occupied by the Fairbanks is not
suitable for such a season as they
propose, hut another has not yet been
secured.
Styles are always up-to-date.
Work is guaranteed.
Prompt delivery.
Reasonable prices.
If we haven't it we will order it: "We can save business
men money on printed forms; we can get engraved
cards tor society people; better styles at lower prices.
Journal Sale Bills brin? crowds. Journal Letter Heads
bring business.
Trv us.
Columbus Journal 60.
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WHEREVER WE HAVE NO AGENT. YOUR OWN DEALER WILL
SET "KINLOCH" FOR YOU. IF SHOWN THIS AD.. BY WRITING DIRECT TO.
K1NLOCH A1NT COMPANY. ST. LOUtSVO.
TO
CHICAGO
EAST
Without Change of Cars
UNION PACIFIC R. R.
Chicago- Milwaukee & St. Paul
Railway.
For Time Tables rnd Special Rates see Union Pacific
Agent, or write
F. i. NASM, Gh'I Wtsten Agtrt, 1524 Fran St.
OMAHA. NEBRASKA.
ie Only Doable
Track Railway be,
tweenthe Missouri
River and Chicago
Fast daily train service via the Chicago. I Jnfon
Pacific 8c North -Western Line from ooints in
Nebraska to
Chicago and East
Six trains a day Omaha to Chicago, without
change. Two trains aaiiy Between Omaha and
dt. Paul and Minneapolis.
Ghe Best of Everything
For nttes. tickets and fall Information aocly
n agents union facne K. K. or address
J.imi.hat.tM.MfMaaFaa'r.
Chicago & North-Westera Ry.
OMAHA. NEB.
Kansas City Southern Railway
Straight m the Cmr
KANSAS CITY TO THE QULF
PASSI NG THROUGH A GREATER DIVERSITY OF
CLIMATE, SOIL AND RESOURCE THAN ANY OTHER
RAILWAY IN THE WORLD, FOR ITS LENGTH
aionrlta line are tns finest Isads. sxu td Tor growls small grsla. corn.
eottos : far commercial sssla and oescii orchard, for other fruits sad ber
ries; ror commercial cantaloup, potato, tomato aad aeacral trues; farms;
for ssgsr cane sad rleeeultlTatioa; for merch&a table timber; iorxaUiaa;
aorsot, males, cattle, hogs, sheep, poultry and Angora goats.
Write far Istsramtlwi Cascaraiag
FREE GOVERNMENT HOMESTEADS
a Calsny Locations. Imarsi Fsras, Mlasrai Linos. Hies Lanes aws TwnaV
Laass. and for csalss af "Currant Eisnts." Business OsasrtiMiUas.
lea task. K. C. S. Fruit Bask
Cheap rouad-tria aomsseeiers' tickets oa sale flat ssd third Tuesdays of
each month.
THE 8HOT UNE TO
"THE LAND OF FULnUJMENT
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