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VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY LOSES
ITS MAIN BUILDING BY FIRE
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IMr. Wragg Invites contributions oT
any new iucas that ieaiers of this de
partment may wish to present. au
-would be pleased to answer coresponl
nts dishing information on .subjects
dioctisse (1. Address M. J. Wrasff. 300 uood
Block. De Molnts. Iowa.
HORSE TALK.
It is of great importance that the
young colt starts in life with full
vigor. To do this it must set a good
supply of the dam's milk very soon
alter hirth.
An old horseman, and a very suc
cessful one, said that a young colt
must have milk during the firat half
hour after its hirth or he would not
give much for it.
The fir.-t mill: contains purgathe
properties and clears the howls nat
urally. If any inclination to constipa
tion is notice', a litle castor oil
fchould he given.
If the bowels are too loose, feed the
mare sparingly, and draw some of her
milk hy hand.
The mare should be kept in a qniM
box stall and fed carefully for at
least a week after loaliag, alter which
time she can he turned in pasture,
hut only for a short time at first.
When the colt is t.vo months old.
it is well to get it to tat extra food.
It soon learns to nibble from the
mother's feed box and acquires a
taste for grain, and then it is well to
give it a regular ration in a separate
box.
Take time to clean the mud off the
horses' les after they are done with
their dav's work. You wouldn't like
to go to bed with your old muddy
hoots on. If you did. there would be
;i rumpus before morning when your
wife found it out. And that surely
would not he comfortable.
There is no speed in hay. If you
want your horse to move on the road
and do it easily, do not feed more
than a small forkful of lm- during a
whole day. Bright hay, too, it must
he.
Oats are the material which the
Rood roadster will turn into travel. A
little careful observation will enable
one to determine how much grain the
torse ought to have.
To make the horse's coat shine,
feed him a bit of oil meal every day.
Begin lightly. Not more than a table
spoonful at first. Gradually increase
until he will take a pint, then hold at
that for a while.
WHAT THE OTHER FELLOW'S
DOING.
A man may farm successfully hy
continually watching and studyirg
his own efforts, but success is unques
tionably greater when the methods of
the other fellow your neighbor are
clo-cly observed. Work hard and
constantly, if yo -j ,jUt occa,!on.
ally take a day off and see what is
going on around you. Perhaps one
of the greatest drawbacks to most
mer not only farmers, but others as
well is that they know too little of
the methods of their f?!Jo.v men.
Close observation wMl educate when
nothing else will, it will broaden a
man's ideas, sharpen his intellect and
increase his ability, u will do more
than anything else to gt a man out
of a rut or to prevent him from fall
ing irto a rut.
The eastern farmer who has never
crossed the Allcgjanies may think
sl1 believe that the methods of the
w.-htemr will teach him nothing.
The la'ter v. ho toils on the vast prai
ries of 'he west, may hold a like opin
:cn oi his fellow man down east, but
there is something, no doubt, in the
experience of both that will improve
the conditiors of the other, some
thing perhaps that will aid success
and bring luxury into the life of each.
Experience teaches many things,
but it illumines more brightly the
path that is behind than the one he
fore; therefore, the success or failure
of other men may be regarded as a
sort of mirror from which we may all
take patterns and form rules of action
to pursue or avoid, in accordance
with the circumstances that may sur
iound us. It is well for a man to
possess a full appreciation of his own
talents, hut experience will preach
to him in vain unless he also recog
nizes and values the knowledge of
THE LUCRETIA DEWBERRY.
This is considered one of the best
of the blackberry family and decided
ly the most productive. At a recent
meeting of the -Maryland state horti
cultural society, a member said he
had made $105 net proSt from one
acre of Lucretias. The berries are
far larger than any other blackberry.
They are of unequalcd excellence.
cwcet and luscious throughout, of a
bright, glossy black color. Its emi
nent success in all soils, from Maine
to, California, from Minnesota to Flor
ida, is something phenomenal in small
fruit culture. Its trailing habit ren
ders its les liable to winter-killing.
Dewberries should be planted in
rows ," or C feet apart and from 2V
to :: feet in the row. Planted 2 feet
0 inches apart, in rows C feet apart.
It will require 2,500 plants per acre.
They bear considerably better if
staked, which can be done by driving
a 4-foot stake between each alter
nate hill. kaing about 3 1-2 feet
above ground and tying two hills to
cue stake. The vinos should be al
lowed to run on the ground until all
danger of winter-killing is over. But
tie them ir early in the spring before
the buds get too large. Otherwise
there is danger of rubbing many buds
oil and thus injuring the crop. Some
rowers do not stake tfiem at all, but
simply keep the vines cut back to
about two feet in length. This is a
cheap way to grow them, but the ber
ries are hard to find and many are apt
to be left until they get too ripe.
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CHOSEN HEAD OF DAUGHTERS I Ckfi
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The main building of Vacderbilt itn
versity, at Nashville. Tenn., was de
stroyed by fire April 20. causing a
.oss of $200,000, with insurance of
115,000. The building was of brick,
ind was erected in 1S71. Vanderbilt
miversity was founded by Commodore
Cornelius Vanderbilt, and was opened
.n October. 1S75. The endowment
vas $1,000,000, to which the city of
.Vashville added $25,000. with which
A beautiful tract of twenty-five acres
just outside the city limits was pur
chased. In value of buildings and
grounds and in productive endowment
Vanderbilt university surpasses any
other institution in the south. It was
the express wish of the founder, now
recorded on the pedestal of the statue
erected in his honor on the campus
hy the citizens of Nashville, that the
influence of the university might "con
tribute to strengthening thr ties that
should exist between all sections of
our common country." The university
has graduates in every section.
SAW GEN. OKU TAKE VILLAGE
A score of years apo it was the trac
tion engine that persisted in scaring
horses. The bicycle came, followed
closely by the automobile. In the
near future we may expect to see all
kinds of air ships flying hither and
thither, but such need not confine their
Correspondent Writes of the First Bat
tle of Which He Was Permitted to
Be an Eye-Witness Tactics Em
ployed by The Japanese in Deliver
ing a Frontal Attack.
those about him; hence, we repeat, course alonsr rlw hi.-i.-vve i -..
take a day off occasionally and see meantime let us tone that w fnrmpr
may still have the privilege of passing
along the highways.
The dairy farmer, who has his
cows freshen in the spring, will soon
begin to have his crop of calves. He
should seriously consider which ones
to keep, and which ones to veal. It
is worse than folly to raise calves,
except from the best cows. It is a
waste of labor to do otherwise, as
well as a disappointment to find after
jou have raised the calf to cowhood
that she is unprofitable. This result
is almost sure to follow if care is not
exercised in breeding, as well as
selecting the mothers because of their
cbility at the pail, from which to rear
calves for the dairy. Commence now.
what is going on around you.
Watercress may easily be grown in
the shallows of any pure water stream
that has a sandy or gravelly bottom,
a steady flow and a moderate current,
? the seeds are sown in early spring
in the moist soil, at water level; or
a crop may be obtained sooner by peg
ging down cuttings in an inch or two
of water till they take root. It needs
no cultivation after planting except
to be kept free from weeds and aquat
ic grasses. It is an excellent addition
to a meal and sells readily in market.
A FAMILIAR INSECT.
SALT IN THE POULTRY FEED.
THE NEW AND THE OLD.
New discoveries are sometimes
nothing but verification of old meth
ods. In sonic sections half a century
ago it was customary to allow the
land to "rest" for a year after produc
ing two or three crops. During the
resting year the land would become
covered with weeds or other growth
which remained, thus serving as a
mulch. Recent experiments show that
when a crop of crimson clover, grass.
rye or any other growth is allowed to
die down and fall upon the land with
out mowinL'. or mowed and left in
place, the shading of the soil promotes
ihe formation of humus, especially in
summer, as the dampness, darkness
and protection from the direct rays
oi the sun place the land in the same
condition as forest land. There is.
however, a loss of a year's time, and
the condition of the soil affects the
results. The main point is whether
such a system would bo economical.
When we notice the vast amount of
fertilizing material going to waste, we
teach the startling conclusion that
more is wasted than is rendered avail
able as plant food. There is waste
from the first to the last, in most
cares when an attempt is made to
pave it, and there is more or less
waste generally after it is put on the
soil where it is needed. Not only
many soils- leach badly, requiring that
the plant food should be kept near the
surface and judiciously mixed with
retentive material, but too often it is
put on the soil and plowed under,
when the crop is a surface-feeding one
and its nxts never get down to the
tood that is buried beneath them.
There is a prevalent notion that
salt is poisonous to fowls, and this
popular impression is based on many
unhappy experiences with it when
fed too liberally. It may safely bo
said tiiat salt is poisonous if fed
largely. It is not poisonous when fed
in moderate amounts, that is, at the
tate of one ounce or less to 100 hens
per day. It is true that a good many
fowls have been killed by eating salt.
both in the form of crystals and in
fish that have been oversalted, and for
that reason thrown away. It may be
taken for granted that meat and fish
not too salt for human food would
not poison hens. The most usual way
of killing fowls with salt is the care
less throwing out of the rock salt in
the bottom of barrels that have been
used for meat or fish. The birds eat
ic under the impression that they are
eating grit. A corresponding amount
taken into a human stomach would
also have a fatal result.
"Are all spiders insectivorous, oi
do some kinds eat the foliage of trees
and vines?"
All true spiders are Insectivorous
ana, tnererore, to a certain extent,
useful in reducing the winged forma
of many insect pests of animals and
plants, such as flies, mosquitoes,
moths, etc. Most of them snare their
prey in webs of various and often
most beautiful construction. Others
spring upon it, with an incredibly
quick motion, after the manner of a
tiger or other animal of the cat fam
ily.
Spiders are distinguished from in
sects by the possession of eight in
stead of six legs, by a body showing
only two divisions the head and tho-
lax being consolidated and further
by the facts that they do not change
their forms during growth and never
acquire wings.
Good seed is essential to good farm
ing, and this is particularly true of
grass seeds. It is stated on good au
thority that Sr0,000 pounds of what
is called Canada blue-grass have been
recently imported, all of which is used
to adulterate Kentucky blue-grass.
The Canada grass, besides being
worthless as a pasture grass, is fre
quently mixed with the seeds of that
worst of all pests, the Canada thistle.
Owing to the scarcity and high
rrice of grain, it will be a temptation
for the dairy farmers to let their
cows on the pasture as soon as the
grass begins to appear. This we be
lieve to be a very serious mistake
Cows should be kept off the pasture
until the ground is settled and the
grass gets a good start.
TIMOTHY HAY FOR HORSES.
FARM JOURNALS.
Pome urge that every farmer
should raise one or two horses at
least every year. In a general way
th advice may he good, but it may
fcc easily carried too far. Some farm
ers are r.ot adapted to raising horses
and would be better off at the end of
a term of years if they bought them
vhen required. It is" only those who
tave some adaptation for growing
l:orses that should raise them as out
lined in the advice given.
BEST TYPE CF FARM HORSE.
How many appreciate a good, clean
farm journal? It is safe to say every
wide-awake farmer of to-day keeps
one or more farm papers, but very
few people get the full value out of
them. A farmer who knows his busi
ness reads it from cover to cover, ad
vertisements and all, and then studies
it all the way back. There arc farm
papers and farm papers, many good
ones, each suited to its own locality,
soil and conditions. Farm life does
not always gi-e all tne time one
would wish for reading, but now as
the winter is coming on and the even
inss grow long, we can read to our
heart's content. Brother farmers, for
the next four momhs read the farm
papers hard. In that time you will
find the best possible advice for your
next year's work and will have time
to get it boiled down ready for appli
cation. And right here we want to
say, don t let the editor or your iarm
paper do all the "thinking" for you.
As you must do your own work, do
some thinking also. Use your own
judgment now and then, with a lot of
common sense thrown in and you'll
win.
To have horses thrive on timothy
hay, it should always be fed to them,
even when they are idle, along with
some kind of grain, for timothy hay
alone will cause them to grow poor,
and show a rough, starting coat. This
is due to the fact that t'mothy hay
contains much less nutritive value
tl an clover, and harvested, as it gea
cially is. after, having fully formed
its seed and passed into the flowering
.stage, the rich juices in the stalks of
ten "hange to woody fibers, when they
are little better than so much straw
Therefore, as spring's work comes on,
some of the timothy hay intended for
horses should be cut and fed, mois
tened, with a mixture of corn and oat
meal. The animals will do enough
better to compensate for the extra
pains thus expended.
Field Headquarters, H. I. J. II., Sec
ond Army. March 5. To-day for the
first time in this battle I saw a fight,
writes Will H. Brill, correspondent of
the Chicago Journal. I had given up
all hope or" seeing anything and that
added to the pleasure of really seeing
something after all. The fight I saw
was the attack on and capture of the
little village of Kankyachien which is
one of a dozen villages lying in the
angle made" by the Hun river on the
south and the railway on the east. It
was a good fight and I could see al
most every detail of it.
Early this morning we rode forward
to a long low sand hill which lies al
most directly west of Mukden at a
distance of about ten miles. There
Gen. Oku and his staff had taken up
their quarters and there the corre
spondents and .military attaches pre
empted an end of the hill for them
selves. At the foot of the hill lay a large
open plain bounded on the southwest
by the abandoned railway embank
ment. To the southwest of the hill,
across the plain, lay Kankyachien.
On one side of it was the village
which I have called the North village,
en the other one which I have called
the We.-a village,. Both these villages
were occupied by the Japanese yester
day, but this morning Kankychin was
in the hands of the Russians, as were
several villages beyond it.
Artillery Duel Takes Place.
Beyond tlite railway embankment
was a Japanese battery of heavy guns,
while between trees in front of the
embankment was a battery of field
guns. Both these batteries were shell
ing Kankyachien and the Russian bat
teries beyond when we reached the
hill. The Russians were returning the
fire heavily. Hundreds of shells fell
into and around the north village, fir
ing it in several places, while shell
and shrapnel burst on and over the
field in front of us. Here the Russian
fire was wild, for during the whole day
there was nothing on the field to fire
at save an occasional mounted or
derly. The hill itself, with its hurrying
aids and staff officers, its busy tele
phone tents anil its steady stream of ' hut a few yards from the west village
galloping orderlies, reminded me of J amene then. When the smoke and
Panchopu. from which we saw the last J dust cleared away there were four or
day's fighting in the battle of the ! five dark spots on the ground, but the
Shaho. I other men were rushing on, regardless
to the same line. Then came a third
lot, and a fourth and a fifth. When
perhaps 150 men had gathered on that
line, the first men went forward again,
this time not so far, and dropped,
again followed in the same order by
the other groups.
By this time the Russians had dis
covered hem. Some of the soldiers
who started forward did not reach the
second line. They dropped on the way
and became mere dark spots on the
ground. Dozens of them dropped as
the advance continued, but that did
not stop the others, who went on until
pil who were able reached the second
line. Then another rush began. The
shelling was heavier than before and
the rush was still shorter this time,
and there were more dark spots on
the ground.
Few Reach Safety Goal.
Then I noticed that a similar ad
vance had begun from the west vil
lage, men going forward in the same
manner and also leaving behind them
dark spots on the ground. From both
parties soldiers were going back to
the starting point, some of them run
ning, some walking very slowly, some
limping painfully. They were the
wounded, and to reach safety they
were compelled to go through the line
ot shell fire again. Few of them
reached safety. I saw one party of
five start back. Only one reached the
goal, the others being added to the
dark spots on the ground.
At the same time we saw re-enforcements
moving up to the west village
from the railway embankment. They
went forward a few at a time in a long
Nature Seeks to Draw Mankind, De
dares Scientist.
Nature tends obstinately. Michelet
thinks, to bring back toward primitive
anirrality, to unmake the civilize!
man, says Gustave Lanson in the Qu
terly Review. It is perhaps still
dream to have sons like her. me
.....A IT !. x : ts .J
iiuiure. numauuy, in iu earues? nro
... . . .. . . j -
coum be but that, ana lesitijmately.
It had then to take possession 0f the
world which had just been r5rn. It
engaged in sternest combat-ith the
primitive, shaggy creaturesVell arm
ed with teeth and claws, at looked
with contempt at this lastborn of crea
tion, without claws, unprotected by
hair, all naked and unafrmed. To con
quer these creatures ruan must be like
them. "He also must belong to th'
lower world, or rather he must take
on the two natures that Is to say. he
must needs become at once man and
beast, possessed of instinctive craft
as well as bloodthirsty fury. The
victory, which rested decisively, at
so many points of the globe, with the
weaker, shows none the less the
original superiority of the conquered
In the manbeast. at first controlled en
tirely by physical fatalities, slept al
ready as in the crysalis the true man,
who walks upright and with his face
to the heavens." And thus true man,
little by little, set himself free. "To
day mind is decidedly the victor. To
the heavy dreams of a troubled blood,
to the energy of the brute, has suc
ceeded the nervous life of delicate, in
telligent sensibility; in short, the high
er life." But the beast is not dead,
he must be watched.
HOSEN HEAD OF DAUGHTER5
OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
GUARDS AMERICAN NEUTRALITY.
Rear Admiral Charles J Train, who
has made such disposition of the
squadron that the ships at or.ee can ob
serve the movements of foreign fleets
near to or in Philippine waters, is the
American naval commander in the
Philippines. Ke was commander of
the auxiliary cruiser Prairie during the
Spanish war, and later of the Puritan
Mrs. Donald .McLean of New York, I of the union, and has been active m
.he new president of the Daughters of
the American Revolution, probably
has made more speeches on the sub
ject of patriotism than any living
woman. She has snoken in schools
other ways in patriotic educational
work. She is a charter member of
the D. A. R. Her campaign for tho
presidency was made on an "Ameri-
) uuii piiiuorm. .wrs. .icL.ean was
and at celebrations in half the states J born in Maryland.
MOTIVES OF JOHN PAUL JONES
and Massachusetts. Admiral Train
was graduated from the naval acade
my in 1S64, was made a commander
in 1883, a captain in I SOS, and reached
his present position two years later.
Before going to the Philippines he had
been president of the board of inspec
tion and survey, and has served in
many stations and in various capacities.
Difference of Opinion as to Whether
the Splendid Exploits of America's
First Naval Hero Were Due to Love
of Adventure or to His Devotion to
His Adopted Country.
strasruling single line. The Russians
evidently saw them, for they began
throwing shrapnel in their direction,
but so far as I saw not one of them
was hit.
Now the attack on the village was
closing in. The men who were left
of the attacking parties were getting
closer and closer. The rushes were
only a few yards long now and they
came at longer intervals. Rifle fire
from the village was added to the
sound of the guns and more and more
men fell. Re-enforcements began to
move forward in rushes from both vil
lages. Final Rush Begins.
Across the plain from the north vil
lage and through the trees from the
west village they went, paying no
heed to the shells that were sweeping
the ground in both directions. A
nartv of a dozen had rushed forward
Life in Town and Country.
We live in a day when the average
man does not get the physical exer
cise of his primordial ancestors. He
is engaged in sedentary occupations
and he is not fortified for the work of
digestion as are the field toilers.
Some of the work of digestion must
be done for him. Scientists say that
the cooking of food, especially of flesh,
is a great aid to making it easily di
gestible. If this he true it develops
the secret of the tenacity with which
the sedentary worker holds to his
cooker-. He realizes that he can
more easily digest food from the fire
than from the ice box. Besides, all
other objections waived, eating Is a
function in which man takes pleas
ure. Uncooked food is, as a rule, in
sipid and unpalatable. His appetite
must be coaxed. This is unhygienic,
perhaps, but it is true, and so long
Las it is true man will be a worshiper
at the shrine of tho kitchen range.
Kansas City Journal.
If the bringing back of the remains
of a hero to the land for which he
fought were a proper occasion for a
popular demonstration of noisy en
thusiasm it is probable that the re
mains of John Paul Jones would be
received in America with the acclaim
of admiration rather than the acclaim
of love.
Some day it may be known defin
itely whether America's first admiral
fought for the infant republic from
motives of pure patriotism or from
the spur of ambition. He fought with
nothing less than desperate courage
for the cause which he had espoused,
b.it there are those things in John
Paul Jones' life which make it seem
that he may have fought because or
sheer love for fighting and because
the immediate need of the strugglini.'
colonies gave opportunity for the ac
quiring of that meed of individual
glory which some men claim the soul
of John Paul Jones craved.
.
tho blows that he struck for liberty
would prefer to take as the essence of
truth the words which Cooper puts
I into the mouth of the admiral. In tho
story. "The Pilot." John Paul Jones
stands on English soil and has met
Alice Dunscombe. She upbraids him
wr ueing uisioyai to his king. "Thu
Pilot" answers:
"A man with a soul not to be limit
ed by the arbitrary boundaries of
tyrants and hirelings, but one who
has the right as well as the inclina
tion to grapple with oppression, in
whose name soever it ia exercised or
in whatever hollow and specious shape
it founds its claim to abuse our race."
"How late can asparagus roots be
set?" We do not know, but the ear
lier the better. "Can roots that have
been planted from two to five years
he taken up and transplanted to a new
location?" Hardly with profit. Bet
ter buy thrifty one-year roots.
CUTTINGS OF CURRANT BUSHES.
Farmers give away many valuable
things. It is the nature of the true
agriculturist to he generous with all
that he has: but the most precious
thing he ever gives away is the right
to do his own thinking. Take no
man's thoughts as your own unless
you know them to tie God-made and
heaven horn.
The profitable farm horse must
have size and weicht to give him that
necessary strength to perform the
heavy work required of him, and he
must have good bottom and powers
of endurance as well. And yet power
and strength are not his only requi
sites; if they were the clumsy horse
would be the horse. If all that was re
quired of our profitable farm horse
7b cra' a heavy load and for deep It is essential in nlanting out fruit
TiTnvt,?i r !.; . "
i ... i,us wcum be tne norse. but trees that you choose only perfect.
- w.w-t ,.lCij:uiBie iarm norse mnt symmetrical ones which have a
straight body, ard not forked, as the
forked tree, sooner or later, comes to
ruin by split-w cf the fork. This
can he avri-vfj when the tree is
Early in the spring, before the sap
begins to start, is the time to secure
cuttings of currant bushes. The
bushes are propagated by bending
down the branches and covering with
soil, by cutting off the suckers at
some distance under the surface of
the ground and removing them with
the roots, or by cutting off the wood
of this year's growth. The cutting
should be done with a sharp knife and
the division made at the axis of a bud.
I is not at all difficult to secure young
currant bushes, for which reason they
should be found in every garden.
All morning the bombardment keit
up from both sides, but there was
nothing else. The chief of artillery
of the army spent most of his time at
his telescope on the top of the hill,
and there was usually a staff officer
at the big glasses, but the staff in gen
eral didn't seem to be taking any par
ticular interest in the affair.
Charge by the Japanese.
At 2 o'clock, however, the Japanese
bombardment began to increase until
it seemed that every available gun
had been turned on Kankyachien.
This continue! for an hour, and then
there was a stir among the tents and
Gen. Oku. followed by nearly all his
staff officers, mounted the hill. They
spread themselves on the sand, and
each one turned his glasses on Kanky-
of their comrades' fate.
At last came the final rush. From
both sides the Japanese attackers
rushed into the village and were lost
to sight behind the walls. For a mo
ment there was heavy rifle fire in the
village. Then it grew fainter and
fainter and finally died away alto
gether. Then the Russian shells be
gan to burst over the village and we
knew that the attack had been suc
cessful. More men moved into the
village, this time with less trouble,
although the shells still Tell thickly on
the plain and in the grove, but the vil
lage was captured.
The night is calm and peaceful, and
still, hut in the improvised hospitals
men are moaning and suffering and
out there on the battlefield the stars
cast their faint light on hundreds of
BEST STYLE OR TREE TO PLANT.
Do not be in haste to remove the
mulch from strawberries. If not very
heavy, they will work their way out.
If clean when laid up last fall they
should ndt be cultivated or hoed; just
pull out the big weeds.
achien. We followed suit.
.Tun at that moment the. Japanese , dark spots on the ground.
artillery fire stopped altogether. The I
shells ceased to burst over the vil- I Youngest Bowdoin Alumnus,
lage and the smoke and dust cleared j" Henry K. Bradbury of HoIIis. Me.
away. At the same moment a half- f who recently died after practicing law-
Farmers Gamble on Weather.
The science of meteorology has not
yet taught men what a day may bring
forth in the way of weather. Farm
ing operations are clouded with uncer
tainty from seed time to harvest, and
from th nature of the case the most
enlightened and conservative tiller of
the soil is compelled to gamble n
"futures" much as does the specula
tor in the wheat pit. Unfortunately,
too, his stake is often his all. Delayed
or premature frost, too much or too
little rain, to say nothing of the visita
tions of creeping or flying destroyers,
always threaten him with loss or ruin
and keep him forever guessing. He
must bet his crops on the presence or
absence of favorable conditions, an ex
exorable fact that in the coarse of
ages may have had something to do
with the ingrained gambling habit
which besets mankind everywhere.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
He did his work well. There was
no turning back; there was no let-up
in strenuous endeavor. No man whose
birthplace was America and whose
heart's love was fixed on the country
of his hearthstone fought more appar
ently soulfully for the cause of the
struggling colonies than did John
Paul Jones, the alien. For what he
did his name will be held in admira
tion in the centuries to come as it J
has been held in the century that has
passed. It may be that when more is
known about tir's man of mystery the
people will revere his memory as they
do that of the known patriots of the
revolution.
James Fenimore Cooper served in
the United States navy. Ia common
with his fellow sailors of the old oak
en frigates he held in first place of
honor the alien admiral who com-
It is evident that Cooper's judgment
repudiated the words of his hero, for
the passages quoted first almost un
questionably express the judgment of
the American novelist on the motives
and character of the first great Ameri
can admiral.
Or.o of the latest and possibly tho
best of the biographers or John Paul
Jones says that his life was written
in three languages English. French
and Russian and that though this life
was "for more than 300 years tho
theme of many busy pens, the half
or it has not yet been told."
"The half of it has not yet been
told." because the half of it is not
known. The papers of John Paul
Jones were scattered to the four
winds. Some of them have been
found, and from them a disconnected
account of his life and of the motives
which actuated him has been con
structed. When more material ha?
been collected and a fuller study can
be made light may be let in upon
the character of this man who carried
the first American Hag to victory ou
the high seas.
There is one authenticated story
concerning John Paul Jones which
would o to show thtit his love fof
America had an earlier birth than the
date or the opening of the American
rcwtlution which gave the sailor life
opportunity to terve his ambition.
Jones was living on a plantation in
Virginia. Some British naval olllecn
mantled the first vessel fiyinn th
American Hag which compelled a ship j were v-isitiu the port near his home,
of the supposedly invincible British ". of them' CaIl- Parke, when the
to strike colors. Yet James Feni- &Jl'l'i "' a possii.ie revolt of the
for over a half a century, is said to
have had the distinction of being
graduated from Bowdoin college at a
jounuer age than any other of its
perhaps 200 vards and then dropned. I nlumni. He entered college at 1?,
As the first men dropped another ! years of age and was graduated at 17
lot left the village and went forward ' In the famous class of 1S44.
dozen soldiers in extended ordvr
emerged from the north village and
started on a run in the direction of
Kankyachien. They ran forward for
POTATO SCAB AND POTATO ROT.
"io nnn .V. i ...
"-- uv mi can ie utilized :n more
ways than one. Tor this reason the
prctrhl. farm horse trust possess ac
tion, wi'h net too heavy a body to
-"J "" wr1! as ether riintit'oc vvt nr- ,,. t -mt ! nitt.
More man t -.:. he should be thrift- r-'-i nr ,- . , ny, -not-iTi
- .., , - .- vv ii'T -- ior fll :t !l :i. uiiiiJ
smootv mt -o tW it will heal over
and s'low the other limb to become
the n:a:n stem.
end easi:v .;C-t m trod order, while
at the same time c'clnz gocd work.
The man who e- 'ock after the fcr
rowini nd lat-bir-r reus and keen
the spring wcrk gc'ng to as to rot
meet with a2j lss i; -. eneiai. We
fca-e geenrals cf this kind. ..ut not
rrK-sh.
Potato scab and potato rot and
other diseases are introduced into
new ground by the seed pieces. The
potato should be treated before cut
ting. Soak the seed tubers one and
half hours in a solution of corrosive
sublimate made at the rate of one
ource of corrosive sublimate to six
gallons of water, or in a solution of
formaldehyde made at the rate of one
pound to thirty gallons of water. Then
cut as usual.
Calculating Device for Typewriters.
Mechanical appliances are coming
more and more in evidence in the
business office as their iabor-saving
qualities are recognized. A calculat
ing machine is one of these time-saving
devices which not only saves time,
but which insures accuracy of results,
says Machinery. The latest develop
ment in this line is the addition of
an adding attachment to an ordinary
typewriter, which not only totals a
column of figures, but acts as a check
Menace of Decadent Nations.
There are many indications that the
unimportant sultanate of Morocco is
if become a sorer spot in European
ptlitics even than the Balkan states.
Wren a nation loses its vitality it
usually becomes a menace to its neigh
bors. It would indeed be a travesty
ou civilized statesmanship if a semi
baiharian. who governs a weak people
occasionally, with the assistance of
its robber barons, should set all Eu
rope by the ears, but it would n'ev
New Niagara in South America.
Last week there returned from
South America to New Orleans a
party of explorers which included sci
entists from different institutions.
With a score of native's they visited
the Rio Leon territory, near the equa
tor, and penetrated a part never be
fore seen by white men. Among the
discoveries was a wonderful cascade
which rivals that of the Yosemite in
height and Niagara in volume. It
is crescent in form and has eight
cataracts, divided from each other by
island' smaller than those at Niagara.
It is thought to be only a question of
a few years when these islands will
be swept away and leave one vast
cataract. Philadelphia Ledger.
navy
more Cooper in that greatest of se-a
tales, "The Pilot," paints John Paul
Jones as a hero rather than as a.
patriot. At the close of his story
Cooper puts into the mouth of one
of his chief characters, a naval of
ficer, these words, touching the life
and motives of John Paul Jones:
"His devotion to America proceeded
from a desire for distinction, his rul
ing passion. His love for liberty may
be the more questionable, for if he
commenced his deeds in the cause of
these free states, they terminated in
the services of a despot.
"He is now dead, but had he lived
in time's and under circum-tanc"S
colonies was broached, said In Jones'
presence: "America can be easily
overcome if the courage of the colo
nial men is on a par with the virtue of
the cedonial women."
John Paul Jones promptly knocked
Capt. Parke down and the officer wa?
carried to his ship and never pressed
for the opportunity to fight In a duel
E. B. C, in Chicago Post.
Will Contest Statesman's Will.
The will t.f Frederick Cook of Roch
ester, N. Y. former secretary of state,
disposing t.f an estate approximating
S2.000.iJ(iO. will he ccntesto.t !,. ti.
widow and the daughter. Thu will
when his consummate know!r..'o of i was offered for probata Saturday but
his Tirnfnccinn his ctirtl. tleli'iemrc nntl t r
Yes. clover will grow in rye left to
ripen for seed, but does much better
when the rye is cut early for hay and
lirter.
!f the olj rh"htrb roors have "run
out" take up, divide and replant.
When tillage begins, other arts fol-
Thten up the w.'re fences to-mor-1 tow. The farmers therefore, are the
rr- founders f civilization.
upon the accuracy of same. When i ertheless be a repetition of history,
the typewritist has written the vari-' A great war is now being fought in
ous Items of a bill the sum total is in-1 the far East because China is deca
dicated on the adding wheels and is j dent, several wars have resulted and
typewritten the instant the items are more are premised because the power
completed.
Bequests Must Be Explicit.
The British House of Lords, as a
court of ultimate appeal, has decided
that vagueness in the expression of a
teststor's desire that bequests should
pass to unspecified charities, or to
charties to be selected by his tru?
tees siakes a will invalid. The char?
ties rff the city of Dundee. Scotland, ;
lose looo.ooo by the decision.
ot the Turk in Europe is a thing of
the past, and it would be dispiriting,
but not remarkable, should the llitle
sultan of Morocco unmuzzle the vast
armies of Europe. New Orleans
Times-Democrat.
Japan's Steamship Lines.
Japan has one of the largest steam
ship tympanies in the world, with ser-
i vice to the United States and to Eng-
1 'and by way of Suez.
The United States a World Power.
It is not true that we have always
been a world power in anything like
the sense that we are to-day. We
have grown into this position gradu
ally and our attainment of it has been
won by the exercise of an energy and
enterprise, in competition with the
rest of the world, for which no paral
lel is to be found in human history.
There is no question that to-day the
United States is a world power, and
more than that, it is perhaps the great
est of wo-ld powers, destined in the
future to v.ield a greater influence in
the political and commercial affairs
of mankind than any other nation
does now or has ever done. Omaha
Bee.
even desperate courage- could have
been exercised in a regular and wH!
snpported navy, and had the habits
of his onth better fi'ialifie-d him to
have borne meekly the honors he ac
quired in his age, he would have left
behind him no rame in its Iis-ts that
would have descended to the latent
posterity of his adopted countrymen
with greater renown."
It may be, however, that the Ameri
can who reveres John Paul Jones for
.either the wh'ow nor the daughter
joins in the r tit ion for its admission.
By the will the widow ipeei-.es $100,-f-00
nutiight and the income of a trust
fund of $2fKM.H. To the daughter is
bequeathed $.".O0O and the income of
a trust fund of I0o.f:00. Some thirty
other Le'iutts ar made. About $100,
000 is left to charitable.' institutions,
and the residue of about H.000,000
gees o rehtfues in Cermany. Several
oi these are relatives of Mr. Cook's
first wife.
Christian Endeavorers.
The Young People's Society of Chris
tian Endeavor, which recently reached
its 25th birthday, has a membership
of 2,919,C00. and its societies number
65,327, of which 500 are in Europe.
The movement has extended to China,
Japan, Persia, Syria. Korea and Ar
menia. In Australia there is a large
membership. Germany shows the
highest rate of increase in Europn,
Vant Only Tennesseeans.
For more than a quarter of a ce ntury
a portrait or -Major eenerai weorgf
11. Thomas, for which the state of
Tennessee paid $1 000, has adorned
the state house at Nashville. It was
purchased originally on the ground
that Thomas was a southerner, one of
the grtest figures in the Civil war,
and intimately connected with the
military history of Tennessee. That
was done in reconstruction days. The
present legislature has voted to make
a gift of the portrait to Gen. G. P.
Thruston. a member of the Tennessee i
Historical society, who was an officer
on Thomas' staff. This great com
mander was a Virginian by birth and
the Tennessee folks say that only por
traits of Tennesseeans should hang in
their statehouse.
New Papal Decoration.
A new decoration to be called the
"Militia Aurea," has been created by
the pope, to be awarded to persons
distinguished in letters, science or
charitable works. There will be only
100 recipients and they will have the
title of chevalier.
Oddites cf the Human Body.
The two side." of a person's face are
never alike. The eyes are out of
line in two cases out of five, and one
eyo is stronger than the other In sev
en persons out of ten. The right eyo
is also, as a lule, higher than the left.
Only one person in fifteen has perfect
eyes, the largest percentage of de
fects prevailing among fair-haired
people. The smallest interval ot
sound can be distinguished better
with one ear than with both. The
nails of two fingers never grow with
the same rapidity, that of the middle
finger growing the fastest, while that
of the thumb grows slowest. In fifty
lour cases out of 1 the left leg i?
shorter than the right. Indianapolis
News.
Thurston to Defend Mitchell.
Ex-Senator John M. Thurston of Ne
braska, who, w ith ex Senator Anthony
Hisgins, conducted the defense in the
Swayne impeachment trial, has been
retained by Senator Mitchell of Ore
gon to defend him in the land fraud
cases for which he is under indict-ment.
),
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