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UP ON FOREIGN RELATIONS.
Congressman Hitt Said to Be Best In
formed Man in Country.
Congressman Robert R. Hitt of
Mount Morris. Illinois, is believed to
be the best informed man in the coun
try regarding the government's for
eign relations. Secretaries Hay and
Adee may know more about diplomat
ic niceties, but Robert Hitt had a Ions
career in the foreign service of this
nation, is a linguist and the best read
man in congress., His home on K
street. Washington, is a wonder shop
of rare books and manuscripts. Not
an incident has occurred in the his
tory of the United States that he can
not clarify by producing original in
formation concerning it. He began
his career as a reporter in Chicago
and distinguished himself by taking in
stenography the debates between
Douglas and Lincoln. When Lincoln
was elected he was sent abroad as a
secretary of legation.
DEAN OF CONSULS IN CHINA.
The dean of the foreign consuls at
Shanghai is John Goodnow. the Amer
ican consul general. In the whole of
China he is the man of greatest con
sular power. He is presiding judge of
the court of consuls. Mr. Goodnew
is a Hoosier who grew up in Minne
apolis, is a university graduate and
has been a chemist and a merchant
He was appointed by President Mc
Kinley early in his first term.
Famous Austrian Beauty Coming.
Miss Duel Von Kuranda. the noted
Austro-Hungarian beauty, whose love
liness has been extolled by many trav
elers, will visit this country next win
ter. She is but 18 years old, and al
ready is famed all over Europe, being
especially popular among American
naval officers who have called at Adri
atic ports. Her father is confidential
adviser to Emperor Francis Joseph,
consul general for Servia. and director
general of a large steamship company.
The joung woman is said to have a
wonderful contralto voice, and has
sften sung in charitable entertain
ments. She is also famous for her
;owns. which are always the marvel
it the season, iliss Von Kuranda
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Ijniti-u Mate 'lorpcilo Boat Itroyer Cliauncey.
American warship which figures in d ispatches from Shanghai, China, and
United States naval officer in command there.
speaks perfect English; indeed, the
life of the family is said to be strictly
American in character.
Favors Women Letter Carriers.
Women letter carriers are deemed
almost a necessity by Postmaster John
McKay of Des Moines. Iowa, who has
tnade a recommendation to the depart
ment at Washington favoring the re
moval of the ban that now limits the
rivil service examination for letter
carriers to males. "When you send a
woman on an errand." he says, "she
-will return in half the time that a
aisn will. She does not stop to loiter.
iVe find them equal and even superior
.o men in the money order, stamp and
Dther divisions and I favor giving
'.hem a trial in the delivery section."
Oldest West Point Graduate.
Gen. Herman Haupt. now in his
?ighty-eighth year, is the oldest living
craduatc of West Point, having been
appointed at the age of 13 by Andrew
lackson. He had entire charge of all
the military railroads of the federal
government in the civil war. and in
twelve hours was promoted by Stan
ton from plain Mr. Haupt to Brigadier
General Haupt. beating all records.
He has thirty-five grandchildren and
his family connection number sixty
one. Picture Not a Necessity.
Mollie Elliot Seawell. the authoress,
must pay duty on several pictures
which she Bnmgjat back with her from
her last trip to Europe. Miss Seawell
claimed free entry for the pictures on
the ground that they were articles
necessary for her well-being and com
fort on the journey, but the board of
geaeral appraisers decided that they
were aet lariated in this category.
- Sea Captain Fifty-on Years.
- Cast. J. H. Joaes, master of a three
masted acaooster tradiag oa the Atlaa
Je coast, has beea a sea captaia for
Hty-oae years, which is believed to be
the record amoag .coastiac command
srs. He waslmrn ia Middletoa. Conn.,
acarly seveaty-seve years ago aad
has beea at sea since he was a lad ia
his teens. He was captaia of oae ves
sel for tweaty-f our years.
Governor's Poet One of Danger.
The huraraace companies in which
Prince John Obolensky, the new gov,
-rnor general of Finland, holds poli
cies have insisted upon increasing the
premiums by 50 per cent in conse
quence of his having accepted the post
left vac&nt by Bobrikoff s murder, so
probable do they consider it that he
will meet a like fate.
Cleared University of Debt.
.Rev. Henry A. Buchtel, since he
was made chancellor of Denver uni
versity, kas cleared that institution of
adebt of more than $250,0C0. For sev
enUyeaxs i he was pastor of, the Cal
vary church. East Orange, N. J.
BISMARCK AND THE KAISER.
Story Has It That Last Word Ex
changed Were in English.
T..P. O'Connor's London weekly, M.
A. P., learns "from an old diplomat"
that the last words of the last inter
view between the German emperor
and the late Prince Bismarck were
spoken in English. When the rupture
between the two appeared to be final
the iron chancellor went to the palace
to resign his seals of office. The su
preme moment arrived and the cham
cellor thought that by tact and con
summate diplomacy he might even yel
succeed in bending "that young man'
as he afterward bitterly called him
to his iron will. The sovereign ano
his minister had. of course, conversed
in German. But when all was over
Bismarck said in a changed voice
and in English: "Then I am in your
way, sir?" And the German emperor
answered in one word: "Yes."
RECALLS ASTOR PLACE RIOTS.
First Battle in Which Gen. Daniel E.
Sickles Was Engaged.
One of the most interesting figures
in New York Is that of Gen. Daniel E.
Sickles, the venerable one-legged here
of Gettysburg and ChancellorsvIIIe.
He cannot be persuaded to talk about
the civil war. but occasionally will
tell about his first battle, which was
the Astor place riots in 1849. He was
a young buck In those days and he
had apartments close to the scene ol
the trouble, which was occasioned by
the rivalry between the English trage
dian. Macready, and the American,
Edwin Forrest. Sickles likes to talk
about the theater and he is occasion
ally seen around at first nights. He
remembers Patti when she was 14
years old. and he heard Jenny Lind
when Barnum managed her concert
tour in this country fifty-four years
ago.
Will Visit Son's Grave.
Lord and Lady Roberts are to go
to south Africa this fall, one of the
primary objects of their journey be
ing to visit the grave of their only
son. who was killed in Natal daring
the Boer war and burled ok the battle
field. His death was uue to an act of
bravery, such as led many English
officers to death, and. perhaps, gain
the Victoria cross, which has cost the
lives of so many British officers
Lieut. Roberts fell while trying to save
some guns which Buller had lost in
one of his many defeats. The young
man never knew that he had won the
most coveted English honor, bul
Queen Victoria gave the simple little
cross to his mother with her own
hands.
Coincidence in Nomination.
It may surprise a good many of the
younger American citizens to leara
that there was a Davis and Parket
presidential ticket in this country thir
ty-two years before the present re
verse combination appeared. In 187
David Davis of Illinois was nominated
for President by what was called the
labor reform party, which held its con
vention in Columbus. O. His running
mate was Gov. Joel Parker of Con
necticut. That was the j-ear when
the Democratic national convention
failed to formulate a platform of its
own. but adopted the platform of the
liberal Republicans and chose as its
presidential candidate Horace Greeley.
Senator Knew His People.
Just before his first election to the
United States senate the late Senator
Vest went to a caucus of Missourians
with votes. Following a competitor
who had talked three mortal hours.
Vest spoke for three minutes, con
cluding with these words: "As for
myself. I have to say. with the full
knowledge that the pledge I now
make will influence your votes to-morrow,
that if I am elected to tne United
States senate during my entire term I
shall draw my pay regularly like a
gentleman and spend it like a thor
oughbred." He was elected and
served the state for twenty-four
years."
Japan's Low Death Rate.
Clarence Ludlow Brownell, in his
recently published book on Japan, says
that the death rate for children is
lower in Japan than it is in Europe
and America. This is as it should be
in a country where the houses are off
the sround a foot or two and have no
cellars and the air inside Is as fresh
as it is out; where, too. in such places
at least as Tokio. every oae bathes
and has a sood scrubbing every day
From S00.000 to 1.000.000 persoas go
to the public baths of the capital dally
aad there are tens of taousaads of pri
vate baths besides.
Mlseiswary ef Noble Birth.
Rev. Boaaveatara Pisoope, a mis
sionary among Italians ia the Pitu
burg district, is a aoblemaa by btrta,
on of Marqais Galaasi Piscopo of
Naples. He became a priest of the
Franciscan order ia 1882 at the age of
iP been eMel ia mlssioa
work almost ever siace, part of the
time with Italian troops in Africa, dur-
us me disastrous Abyssinian
palgn.
Hard Work Brought tnrcses.
Sarasate. the great violinist, was
once asked the secret of his success
"Six hours' practice a day since I was
12." was the reply, which means that
he has fiddled for 100,000 hours since
his early boyhood. However, this
constant practice has resulted in not
only fame, but rortune, for he makes
something like 10.000 a year.
Trades Unions for Teachers.
A proposition to organize the school
teachers of the country, along trade
union lines, created considerable dis
cussion at the recent meeting of the
National Educational association.
RECLAMATION OF DESERT.
Good Work Goes on with Certainty of
Ultimate Success.
The desert is commonly considered
a forbidding place, and numerous dif
ficulties are encountered in the en
deavor to make it "blossom as the
rose." A dweller on the Mojave says
that "with plenty of land ready for
the plow, it took three of us sixteen
months to raise enough to feed two
horses continuously." The alkali was
death to almost everything, and even
a liberal irrigation would not cause
the bloom to come. Wherever a sprig
of green appeared the rabbits would
appear also and sweep the board.
While this was the industrial situa
tion, the comforts of life were illus
trated by the winds, which blew stren
uously for days at a time, and, of
course, the heat was intense, under
the influence of the searching atmos-
phere the melons of a sickly garden
irt
St Paul
"simply dried up. standing up stiff
In all the pride of life," and the sweep
ing sand carried on an unceasing as
sault upon every visible object. With
one side of the picture thus revealed,
hopes of reclamation would die, and
it would seem incredible that any one
should attempt to maintain the dis
couraging fight against such odds.
It is a fact, however, to which this
very witness testifies in the Los An
geles Times, that the battle continues,
and that, too, with prospects of ulti
mate success. Human intelligence
finds a way to combat all the enemies
that are supplied in nature and to
derive aid from nature's gift of a rich
soil. There can be no doubt that
many vast tracts which now seem con
demned to eternal barrenness will
yield heavy crops in time and support
a large population. The inducements
for extensive irrigation schemes are
sufficient to justify the efforts that are
being made by individuals and state
to bring these waste areas under cul
tivation. Nor are the comforts of the desert
life all summed up in the driving
winds and sandstorms. One comes to
enjoy the dry heat. "When it reaches
105 degrees you will hardly know or
care when it goes five or ten more,
and even another five or ten will not
bother you very much. This is large
ly offset by the ease of sleeping out
doors, by the absence of fog. alnfost
total absence of rain and the great
number of lovely days in fall and win
ter." It is a subject for congratula
tion also that there are no fleas, no
mosquitoes, no bedbugs. If alfalfa has
its trials, flies and gnats have theirs,
too, and preferably seek other cli
mates. In fine, what appears uninhabitable
to those who pass on in ignorant re
pulsion and amazement is attractive,
even fascinating, to those who under
stand all the conditions and who are
doing the pioneer work. And if some
of the latter may be carried too far
by their optimism the country will de
rive its profit from their struggles.
Life's Most Important Acts.
A magazine editor, seeking an in
crease of circulation, sent to each of
his 3,500 subscribers this query:
"What was the most important act of
your life? Fifty dollars for the best
true answer." He received more than
1.C00 replies, all but one relating some
particular deed of which the writer
was proud. The exception and prize
winner was brief and to the point
"Being born." Encouraged by the suc
cess of his scheme of advertising, the
editor sent out a second query, offer
ing another $50 for the best answer.
"Last month you stated what was the
most important act of your life, now
tell us what is the most import ant
act of your life." The variety of re
plies would have made several pages
of rare humor, but the winner solemn
ly wrote, "Breathing."
Authority on Penology.
Major R. W. McCIaughry. warden
of the United States penitentiary at
Leavenworth, "has just celebrated the
thirtieth anniversary of his manage
ment of prisons. He was first ap
pointed warden of a penitentiary in
August. 1874. In the last thirty years
he has been warden of three different
penitentiaries and two reformatories.
He was warden of the Joliet. III., pen
itentiary longer than any other. In
the thirty years' service he has had
about 24,000 prisoners under him.
Major McCIaughry has aided In the
building of two prisons, and the work
oa the big; aew United States peni
tentiary at Leavenworth is being done
aader his sapenrision.
First Chinese American te Vote.
The first Calaeee-Americaa citizen
to vote ia New York city will exercise
ala franchise there this fall. His
aame is Chew Ngon Wing, born In
San Francisco thirty years ago, and
he Is taking advantage of the const!
tatkmal provision which guarantees
the franchise to all American-born
males aver 21 years old. Chew visited
China and returned four years ago.
He was stopped by the immigration
authorities of San Francisco under the
exclusion act. but a relative brought
habeas corpus proceedings and won
the case.
Joked to the End.
Wilson Barret, the English actor,
who died recently as the result of a
surgical operation for intestinal trou
ble, was quite a joker. Just before he
was about to be chloroformed he said
to the doctors: "Here's a fine state
of things. I was to open my season in
a few weeks and here you fellows are
about to open me." Thirty-six hours
later he was a dead man, heart failure
through fatty degeneration having
carried him off.
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WARS COST 14,000,000 VIVE3.
Prof. Charles Richet Recounts Marital
T randies of Nineteenth Century.
Prof. Charles Richet. tie noted
French apostle of peace, is fiuoted as
saying that during the nineteenth cen
tury 14.000.000 human beingl died in
consequence of war.
"Napoleon," he said, "is usually
credited with having caused the death
of 2.0CO.O0O men. As a matter of fact.
8.000.000 men died for his glory. The
war of the Crimea cost 300.000 lives,
the American civil war 500.000. Prus
sia doomed 800.000 men to death be
tween 1860 and 1871. the Russo-Turk-ish
war 400.000.
"The wars in the South American
republics are generally laughed at."
continued the professor, "but as a mat
ter of fact they are far from ridicu
lous. In the nineteenth century they
cost, all told. 500.000 lives, and the
I South American republics are not
DESTRUCTIVE WORK OF THE STORM AT MINNEAPOLIS.
City and High Bridge, waieh Was
overburdened with citizens, are they?
"I am sorry to say that the twen
tieth century bids fair to rival the
nineteenth century In the killing line."
QUAY GAVE UP STAKES.
"Joe" Cannon's Singing Voice Too
1 Much For Pennsylvania Senator.
The late Senator Quay circulated a
story wherein Speaker Cannon is
represented as a singer. The occa
sion was a political banquet where a
discussion arose over the song. "The
Old Oaken Bucket." Senator Quay re
marked: "I never heard it sung
through in my life." "I will bet you a
dollar that I can sing it through, as
serted Mr. Cannon. "Take you." said
the senator. "And the toastmaster
will hold the stakes and be referee."
Mr. Cannon cleared his throat and at
tacked the famous old melody with
grim earnestness. At the end of the
first stanza Senator Quay got upon his
feet and interrupted the song, "i
wish to say. if I may be pardoned." he
commenced, "that I dislike to lose a
dollar, but I am willing to concede the
stakes to my adversary and take his
wcrd for the accuracy of his knowl
edge if he will stop singing right
where he is."
Arah Is 120 Years Old.
Perhaps the oldest man in the
world is Sid Ahmed Salim. a wonder
ful relic of the eighteenth century.
who has long been one of the sights '
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Norwegian Lutheran Church
in Cairo, Egypt. He was born about
1784. his father having been a shiek
of the Cairo tentmakers. Until a few
years ago he could describe with every
appearance of accuracy many of the
stirring scenes he witnessed when
Bonaparte was in Egypt with his
army. Now, at the age of about 120,
he is confined to his bed with extreme
feebleness, having lost feeliag in his
extremities. Aged Arabs remember
him as an old man when they were
children. A great-granddaughter, her
self getting along in years, looks after
him.
Capital to Have Shepherd Statue.
U. S. J. Dunbar, a Washington
scalptor. has the contract for a heroic
statue of Alexander R. Shepherd, -who
rescued Washington from 7 the - mud
and to whose energy aad determina
tion the present beauty of the city
is credited. The statae will stand be
fore the new municipal building for
the District of Columbia at Pennsyl
vania avenue and Fourteenth street
Famous British Physician.
Sir Samuel Wilks. who has just cel
ebrated his eightieth birthday and his
golden wedding, is one of the most fa
mous of British physicians. His great
est work, perhaps, has been in connec
tion with Guy's hospital, whose history
he has written and of whose reports
he was for many years editor.
German Emperor a LinauisL
The German emperor speaks sev
eral languages fluently and he is dis
pleased because so little attention Is
paid to modern languages in German
high schools. He thinks that Russian
and even Chinese and Japanese should
be taught in the upper classes.
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P-SBSSsaHK
THE WORLD'S WHEAT CROP.
Estimates Show a Reduction in Al.
. most All Countries.
Estimates of the wheat crop put the
total yield of this country at 533.000,
000 bushels. This would indicate a
reduction from the yield of last year
of about 100,000.000 bushels, while the
figures are more than 200.000,000 be
low those of 1901 and more than 130.
000,000 below those of 1902. It should
be noted, however, that they come
pretty close to those of 1900 and 1899.
being slightly in excess of the one
and slightly below the other, and that
only twice before 1899 did the crop
amount to as much as 600,000.000
bushels.
But again, while this is true, it is
to be noted also that there is not a
falling off merely, but a very serious
loss owing to unfavorable weather
conditions. Earlier expectations have
been disappointed and, furthermore.
Wrecked.
reports indicate that there is a short
crop ia many countries. Canada has
been hit like the United States, the
estimates in Manitoba being reduced
by one-half. We learn also from a
general review in the London Econo
mist that the English crop will be
much below the average, and that of
the entire United Kingdom a meager
one. In France there will be a reduc
tion of about 33 per cent from the
yield of last year. Austria-Hungary.
Spain, Italy, Roumania and Russia are
all sufferers. Damage by drought has
seriously affected the prospects in the
Argentine, and India seems to fur
nish the only marked exception to the
generally discouraging returns. Her
crop of last spring was 352.000,000
bushels, the largest in her history,
and The Economist says: "If wanted
in Europe, India, accordingly, has an
enormous surplus, which would be at
tracted by a moderate advance in the
price."
This surplus, however, is not large
enough to make up the deficit in other
countries, and it is certain that the
world's crop will be the smallest pro
duced in recent years. At the same
time this country is fortunate in the
the prospect of a large yield of Indian
corn. The estimate is 2,400.000,000
bushels, which would give a crop far
above the average and second only to
that of 1902.
Baron Rothschild
Nathan Meyer
Changes Politics.
Rothschild, first
Damaged to the Extent of $5,000.
Baron Rothschild in the peerage of
Great Britain and head of the English
branch of the celebrated family ol
bankers, has incurred the displeasure
of the present ministry by transferring
his political allegiance to the liberal
party. While the great financier ha
not much influence over votes by
means of his territorial possessions,
which are small when compared with
a number of his fellow members of the
house of lords, he commands a large
amount of political influence not onlv
in the city of London, but throughout
the United Kingdom.
Important Diplomatic Peeitlene.
It Is said that persistent pressure Is
being brought to bear with. the view
of iaduclag' President Roosevelt to
"shake up" two of the foreign 'posts
oi this aation those at 8t. Petersburg
aad Constantinople. It is held thai
this country needs Its ablest diplomat
at the court of the czar, and Mr. Adee
of the state department is believed
to be the man for the place. He is
the most valuable man in the depart
ment after Secretary Hay, and has
no equal in this country on questions
of international law. Almost equally
important just now is the embassy in
Constantinople, but no name for that
place is mentioned prominently so far.
"Uncle Sam's" Double.
It is said that when Congressman
Livingston of Georgia made a trip to
i Venezuela some years ago in order to
learn the true inwardness of the
trouble that republic was having with
Great Britain the natives who bad
seen "Uncle Sam" pictures in cartoons
thought he was the original, and ac
cordingly they paid great deference to
him.
ri
& and L
1NVSSJTICN.
Radio-Activity Not Unique.
That there is anything mysterious or
revolutionary in the recent discover
ies concerning radium is denied by
Prof. Robert A. Millikan of the Uni
versity of Chicago. "Radium Is an
clement not greatly different from all
the others," he said. "Its activity is
not an isolated phenomenon. It fits
into the orderly scheme of scientific
knowledge and supplements estab
lished theories, outgoes not destroy
them. The shooting off particlesfrom
radium la correlated with other phe
nomena of physics. It is analogous
to the exploding of stellar systems,
which astronomers tell us constantly
is occurring. The rate of the break
ing up of the atoms one out of one
hundred billion a second is no great
er relatively than that of the disinte
gration of stars. Calculations show
that radium cannot last longer than
1,000.000 years a brief period In geo
logical time. In that time all the ra
dium on the earth will have passed
away. There are two theories as to
the origin of radium; one that it is
derived from uranium; the other, that
it is built up from simpler elements.
The latter is without substantiation
in inorganic chemistry." Chicago
Tribune.
Keep Books Clean.
Who has not seen the book abuser
with the dirty habit of moistening
the fingers and applying them to page
after page of a book to turn the
leaves more easily? It is done so
often that it has become a habit with
some and possibly they are not aware
of the act, but someone else, turning
the pages afterward, is sure to find
the finger marks left on the white
surface. This marring of the book
can be easily avoided by turning the
leaves by contact of the finger with
the cut edge, but lack of patience on
the part of some readers causes them
to apply their dampened fingers to
the surface of the page instead. An
inventor has just designed a neat
Prevents Soiling the Pages,
little thumb attachment which' will
make it easy to turn the pages with
out soiling. It consists of a spring
clamp for attachment to the thumb
near the end, while from one side Df
the clamp projects a thin flat plate
which is designed to be inserted be
tween the leaves of the book. In the
illustration this device is shown in
conjunction with an index, for which
it is especially adapted, enabling a
bookkeeper to find in an instant any
name he is looking for without sub
jecting the book to the same treat
ment as the class of persons men
tioned. Charles A. Evans of Haverhill,
Mass., is the designer.
Is the Sea Pushing Back Boston?
J. R. Freeman, of the Metropolitan
Water Board of Massachusetts, is the
authority for the statement that Bos
ton is sinking into the sea. He as
serts that the present datum plane,
to which all elevations are referred
by the engineering department pf the
city of Boston, and which is common
ly known as Boston base, probably
coincided almost exactly in the year
1832 with the mean low water at the
Charlestown navy yard. To-day, after
a lapse of seventy-two years, the
same datum plane, as defined by
numerous bench marks on solid
ground, according to the best avail
able determination is 0.79 foot below
mean low water. This comparison
shows that the land now stands about
0.79 foot lower relatively to the sea
than it did about seventy-two years
ago, and shows that the land in Bos
ton and vicinity is sinking at the rate
cf about one foot per hundred years.
Improved Telegraph Service.
Prof. Michael Pupin of Columbia
university has invented a process by
which sixteen messages may be sent
simultaneously over a single wire.
The system differs from the multiplex
systems now used in that it employs
an alternating instead of a direct cur
rent. The system is, according to
the inventor, one of tuning. The cur
rents arc sent in electrical waves of
different lengths, and if the full six
teen messages are to be sent at once,
sixteen different currents, all of dif
ferent vibratory periods, are em
ployed. There i3 apparently no limit
to the number of messages which
could be sent over one wire at one
time, except that set by the waves
themselves, which begin to interfere
with one another if their periods are
too similar.
Telephones in the United States.
The development of the telephone
Is far greater than most persons ima
gine. There are in the United States
some 9.200 systems and lines, with
r early 5,000,000 lines of single wire
and about as many instruments.
Of these systems nearly 5,000 are
independent farmers' lines, and nearly
1,000 are rural systems. The greater
systems are capitalized at rather more
than 8450,000,000. and five billion mes
sages were sent over the lines daring
1902. Nearly 5.000 wage-earners
were employed, and 14.124 salaried of
ficials aad clerks. The cost of mala-
teaaace, etc, was just about 70 per
of the income.
for Invention.
No discovery or invention relating
to maritime matters would be of as
great beaeflt to the shipping world
as a contrivance which would give
warning of the proximity of icebergs.
says P. T. McGrath. In "The Peril of
the Iceberg." in MeClure's. Bells,
whistles, lights, rockets and other de-
iWam 1iwa Koan nwvwflffflerf fnr Timtt-
Ing ships against colliding with one
another, and now we are assured that
wireless telegraphy will soon be en
listed for the same object. This, if it
succeeds, should make running
through fog aj devoid of danger as
speeding across a cloudless sea ex
cept for the bergs.
Speed Contests Abandoned.
Promoters of automobile speed con
tests on tracks are beginning to aban
don this form of the sport because of
recent accidents where the flyere have
jumped the track, injuring many peo
ple. They have sought to get the
manufacturers to guarantee them
against loss by damage suits for pos- j
sible accidents, but
being unsucceos-
:u'. are abandoning the contests.
at TBJt v
HOUSE COSTING $801
TWO-STORY STRUCTURE, COM
FORTABLE AND NEAT.
Residence of Settler in New Country
That Leaves Nothing to be Desired
Plana Showing How the Two
Floors Are Laid Out.
The home of Mr. Ernest Sitch,
White Fish Valley, thirty miles from
Port Arthur on the Duluth branch of
the Canadian Northern railway, is
shown in the accompanying plans.
Mr. Sitch has served in the capacity
of land guide for three years and has
helped to establish the colony. His
residence is 16 by 20 feet, two stories
high. It has two doors, five windows
down stairs, and two upstairs. His
I
"
UVtMC
I
Kitchen
8 to
Ground Floor Plan.
160 acres when selected was In al
wooded wilderness. The construction
of Mr. Sitch's house is described as
follows:
The material used in the construc
tion of the building was cut within 50
yards of where the structure stands.
Everything was hewed on the ground.
After the building spot had been se
lected the trees and shrubbery were
cut down, stumps taken out and the
ground leveled. A cellar 12 by 16
feet was dug. At the depth of 6 feet
rock was struck aad no better floor
lag could be had. The cellar' was
walled up with hewed tamarac The
cracks between the logs were filed
with lime. Ia starting the fouadatioa
for this house large tamarac logs were
flattened on two sides, aad laid oa
cedar posts sunk Into the ground. This
constituted the foundation. All the
logs that had been prepared for the
house were skidded and on a desig
nated day the neighbors came and as
sisted in the raising. Four expert cor
ner men were secured and the build
ing was put up straight and true. The
walls were made 15 feet high. The
sleepers and joists were made on
the ground by the settlers. The raft
ers were made of peeled spruce, ono
inch boards were used for sheating.
and this was covered with metal shin
gles. The metal shingles are used in
preference to the wooden, as they
prove a great protection against for
est fires. The two floors are made of
matched lumber. The slight cracks
left between the logs were filled with
cedar slivers, then with mortar. So
perfectly was this work accomplished
that the walls inside are almost
smooth, very few depressions being
discernible. The lime cost about $5.
About 1,500 feet of lumber were used
in the construction of the building.
The chimney is made of brick. The
soil which was thrown from the cellar
was terraced around the house, niak-
Upper Floor Plan,
ing a gentle slope; this has been seed
ed down.
Taking everything into considera
tion, this is one of the cheapest build
ings to be found in the colony, the
entire cost not exceeding $75 or $80.
I do not think this home could be pur
chased from its owner for $2,000, al
though it was free grant land foui
years ago.
Finding Length of Batter Posts.
Trestle. In building a trestle whal
is the rule for finding the length of
the batter posts, the batter being twe
to one or 'three to one, as the case
may be?
The way to arrive at the length ol
your batter posts is as follows: Draw
two lines at right angles to each oth
er. If the batter is one to three mcas
uro three feet on the perpendicular
line and one foot on the base line;
then the distance from these twe
points will give you the length to cut
the batter posts. For instance, if your
bents are eighteen feet high and you
wish to have the batter posts one tc
three, measure out six feet on the
base line and eighteen feet on the per
pendicular line and the distance from
these jioints will give the length of the
batter posts.
Lawn on Sandy Soil.
Wm. R. Would you please say
through the columns of your valuable
paper, what kind of grass or clovei
you would recommend to make a
lawn on what is considered good
building sand. 1 have plenty of wa
ter for irrigation.
Ia order to have a satisfactory
lawn on sandy soil It is necessary to
keep the land well supplied with vege
table matter. In preparing the toll for
seeding, a heavy dressing of yard
manure should be worked In. aad if a
dressing of clay or loamy soil could
be applied, so much the better. A
lawn oa sand requires abundance of
water throughout the summer and a
liberal dressing of well-rotted yard
manure each fall. This should be
raked off la the spring.
A Concrete Cellar.
What would be the approximate cost
of building a concrete wall for a cel
lar 28 by 32 feet and fi feet high?
What would be the best thickness for
the wall? In what proportion should
gravel and cement be mixed for the
concrete?
Your cellar would require 20 bar
rels Portland cement; 18 days labor
for one man or five men three days
and a half; 20 yards of gravel and 6
yards of small stones. This estimate
is for making the concrete one part
cement to seven parts gravel. The
wall vranted one foot thick, which is
' sufficient fcr any cellar.
I &eo,R.oot I
Baf aaf
I (to floor I
mar B
Jack's Fatal Oversight.
"Ilike you well enough. Mr. Ux--mal,"
said the perplexed young worn
m; "or. at least, I'm not sure I like
you as well as I do Jack Cawdrey.
He says he thinks of mo 365 davs ia
the year."
"He wants one day off every four
fears, does he?" exclaimed young Ux
nal. with indignant scorn. "That
sind of devotion doesn't commend
itself to you. does it. Clarice?"
Jack's doom was sealed from that
nomenL
In Early Days.
Capt. KIdd had just lowered a chest
af treasures into the sea. after care
fully charting the spoL
"I suppose," he mused, as he
watched the bubbles rise and float
upon the water. "I suppose that one
of those corporation pirates would
call that my sinking fund."
Those who heard him afterward
slaimed that the captain was one of
the pioneers in the watered capital
lame.
Headlight.
Edytae How sweet the mooa Is!
Why do you start so, Willie, when yon
look at It?
Willie Er why. you see. I've beea
knocked over by automobiles several
limes.
Wrong Remedy.
"Is it true," asked the caller, "that
your husband ordered Dr. Smoother
out of the house?"
"Yes. Poor Jack had been carrying
the baby all night and very night for "
a week, and was run down to a
thread. I called the doctor, and he
toid Jack that he must take exer
cise." Detroit Free Press.
Domestic Bliss.
Mrs. Growells Our cook
thing but competent. I'm
Is any- -going
to
give her a week's notice to-day.
Growells Don't do it, my dear.""
Her cooking is pretty rocky. I must'
admit, but it's nothing to what wn
had to put up with before we could :
afford a cook.
Her Opinion.
"One of the greatest evils In life."'
said the elderly woman, "is procrasti
nation." "I think so. too." replied the young'
married woman. "I don't see the
.f-nse of putting off your golden wed-
ding anniversary till you a,ro 60 ot '
7t years old."
Failed to Make Good.
Miles Did you ever read that won
derful book. "How to live a Hundred
Years"?
Giles Yes; the author was an old
schoolmate of mine.
Miles Indeed! Where is he now?
Giles He died at the age of thirty
seven." Safe for a While.
"It's funny," said the sick man's
v-ife. "but the doctor says he hasn't
discovered yet, what's the matter with
you."
"Thank heaven!" exclaimed the
sick man, "then I'm safe for a while
yet."
In the Blood.
Adelle Clarence, don't you think
you could overcome somewhat your
fondness for your club?
Clarence No that would bo Impos
sible. I inherit it from my mother.
She was a club woman.
Leading Man.
Thespis When were you a leading
man?
Foyer When the company had tn
walk back from Chicago, and they
selected me to show the way. Towa
Topics.
Keepe It from His Wife.
Knicker Is he modest?
Bocker Very. He doesn't let
right hand know when he puts
.foot in it. New York Sun.
hi)
hii
Irony.
Spick She rules her husband with
a rod of iron.
Spaa I guess that accounts for my
seeing her chase him with a poker
this morning.
The Result.
"Do you believe that moquito3 are"
affected by the use of kerosene in tee
swamps?"
"Yes," answered Farmer Corntos
sel. "Kerosene drives more of" 'em
from their homes an makes 'cm cross
er an blood-thirstier than ever."
Washington Star.
Works Both Ways.
Author Truly, this Is an unappre-.
ciative world. Why. If I had written"
what McFadd has written I wouidnX
fce famous like he is.
Crltlcus I guess. that's right. And
if McFadd had written the stuff -ypu
grind out he wouldn't be famous
3ither. " - - !
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