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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 17, 1904)
' fifniSSe'- -;a"r-; - - - "i $;.- "'" ( -y 9! - ... ?5 r V. -. . : r - I.. THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR APPEALS TO RUSSIANS Cur Cafe VM lb People to Vp- htlilheGoYenuDMt in the CmUrt with Jaaaa. ia All Part of the Vi Eanawro Havo Boon Shr. 1 torn Colors. The .czar has answered Japan's per emptory challenge to arsis and order ed his amies and ieets in the far east to meet force with force. The empire is responding to the call of the czar. The scenes of intense patriotism which accompanied the declaration of war againrt Turkey in 1S77 are being repeated in all parts of the empire. From Kief, Odessa, TORPEDO FLOTILLA Kharkov, Ekaterinoslav. and Moscow come stories of patriotic demonstra tion. The war fever has seized upon the people. Public balls and other festivities have been countermanded aad the Red Cross society is be sieged with women ready to go to the front as nurses. The czar's first move after accept ing the issue of war was to order the mobilisation of the army reserves in east Asia. In every military district in Eu ropean Russia regiments of infantry, cavalry and artillery arc under orders to prepare for a campaign in the far east. The war department has practically assumed control of the Transsiberian railway and its capacity already is being taxed to the utmost in the transportation of troops and munitions of war. There was a great scene at the naval academy when the czar per sonally advanced the senior class to the rank of officers. The czar, who wore an admiral's uniform, in address lag the cadets, said: "You are aware, gentlemen, that two days ago war was declared upon as. The insolent foe came by night aad attacked our stronghold and fleet. Russia now needs her navy as well as her army. I have come to-day to promote you to the rank of midship men. I am confident that, like your severed predecessors. Admirals Chi ehagof. Lazaref, Nakhlmof. Karnilof aad Istomln. you will work for the welfare and glory of our beloved fath erland and devote all your energies to the fleet over which files the flag of 8t Andrew." The Russian newspapers in general chorus denounced the action of Japan as being treachery, declaring that it Is truly Asiatic, but insisting that the Issue of the conflict will not be de cided by the naval engagements, as the Japanese will hava to meet Ursula on dry land, when the score will be wiped out. The Novoe Vremya says it is quite possible that the whole of Corea has been overrun by Japanese soldiers in disguise, aad that Russia may first have to assume the defensive, but when her forces in southern Man churia and Corea are increased the Japanese wil realize what they have to meet "God. right and international law on our side." the Russ says. "One hundred and thirty milHoa Russian hearts are beating in unison ia the desire to expunge the traitorous slight on Russian honor. Enough of de fensive tactics! Let us drive out the foe!" The Bourse Gazette says: "Yester day we kinged for peace. Now we think only of war. The world soon wil be startled by Russia's heroic work. Japan has placed herself be yond the pale of civilization. The up start, pigmy Japan, would not have dared to attack the giant Russia with out the. encouragement of England and America." Ia this connection the Russ claims to have authority for saying that the two new Japanese warships, the Nis shla and Kasuga. were saved from certain capture by the Russian squad ron bound for the far east under Ad miral Wirenlus by the action ol the commander of a British battleship in placing his vessel across the Suez GENERAL Kcopt Croaks from Baltimore. Tho New York police have always feooB anxicus to get crooks out of town, bat since the Baltimore fire started they have reversed their pol icy. Inspector McCluskey of the de tective bureau assigned twelve of his men to the West street ferries with orders to arrest any crook seen head ing for railway depots on the Jersey side. McClaskey said he had informa tion that a number of thieves were panning to go to Baltimore. "The of Baltimore have trouble without being bothered with a bunch of attck crooks from this town," said McClaskey. Kosps Odd Hours. The Turkish minister, Chekib Bey. as a cottage at Saville. and when It Is said, he works nearly all only retiring when the other of tho household are prepar- ingr sunrise. He then retires aad leaps uatil 3 o'clock fat the afternoon. DarittfcT his sleeping hours no one can oso hhn, Jt boinc an nnpardonatte act Inr ovon any ember of the koase boM to disturb Us slumbers. sssaranjosjiaw. T I lPWW wm u9 mmmrnm, ' T I ffrT "-Smt asTarflA mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmjmmmm222dBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBssk , V wfttKBf9KifSttKSSSSBBS'Sm 41 -nl .aMawaaMaaBaaaaaaas oslg?5?PIF?MWMsMHsaaMaUsni canal ami hoisting a signal of distress. thus delaying the Russians two "days. uen. uragomirov. cas arivea in St. Petersburg. He is one of Russia's greatest fighters and may he appoint ed commander in chief, as Gen. Kou ropatkin. the war minister, probably cannot be spared. JAPAN'S POSSIBLE PLANS EatlMi State Expert leriews C dsti n f the War. Spenser Wilkinson, whose commen taries on the strategy and tactics of the South African war placed him In the forefront of British military writ ers, has an article in the London Morning Post in which he says: "Any Japanese objective can best be secured by the defeat of the Rus- ATTACKING BATTLESHIP. si&n army, and it therefore seem3 un likely that Japan would willingly place any large force in Corea except as concerns a road to Manchuria in the absence of any better road. But is not the sea a better road? That is the question I find some difficulty in answering. There are three points at which an army if landed would be well placed Tor operating against the Russian communication. They are the north coast of the Liaotung gulf betwen Shan Hai Kwan and New Chwang. the northwest coast of Corea bay between Port Arthur and the Yalu. and the coast near Vladivostok. But in the present season the first and last of these places probably are im practicable for landing on account of WHERE FIRST NAVAL Disabled Russian Warships ice, and the Liaotung gulf is perhaps too shallow in its northern portion to admit of transports approaching. "To land near Vladivostok would be to have to advance through an exceed ingly difficult country toward Kharbin, and the march could be delayed by a Russian rear guard so long as to nul lify its effect &3 a blow against com munications. A landing in Corea would have to be secured against a torpedo attack and might be resisted on shore, but if successful it ought to clear the Russians from the Yalu. "The. difficulties of landing at any of the places named cay lead the Japan ese to move their army through Ccrea, landing its portions at various points and to trust to their power of maneu ver to bring about a decisive battle in conditions unfavorable to the ene my. VIEW OF HARBOR AND TOWN OF Senator Clarke a Rapid Speaker. Senator Clarke of Arkansas proves to be the talking wonder, of the sen ate. He speaks so rapidly that when be made his first appearance as an orator the other day it was some time before the listeners could separate his words sufficiently to fully compre hend the senator's meaning. The Ar kansan did not even warm up gradu ally to his task. He speedily unbut toned his waistcoat and the flow of talk began. He was the despair of official reporters. They say the aver age of words spoken by him runs about 2C0 a minute. Henry U. John son of Indiana, when a member of the house a lew years ago. came nearest in equaling Mr. Clarke in fast speech. And it was an additional marvel that with all his rapid speaking he had words enought at his command to fill in most of the afternoon. New Mausoleum. A mausoleum has been erected close to the Peter-Paul Cathedral In St. Petersburg, where in future all the members of the czar's family will be buried. ', vShJdsssssT jt'xostuui TOa&oKtfr J Jimajfmmmw9 j oj SSda !vt fc f aXCZM 6 fiZSS M JttXMlTK MOUMD HHJVM MMJtS fIStT 1 I XSVOSVpP DURVHOATTtW I 1 - - - I STUDY JAPAN'S VICTORY Europe Wonders at the AstsmKhig v Success So Easily Won by the MlkooVs Navy. Lanf tattler With the Armies of thr tzar May Yet Turn the Tide of Conflict. . Every successive detail from the far east emphasizes the significance of the astounding successes won by Japan, says a dispatch from London. It is pointed out that the mikado's squad rons are sweeping the sea. as trium phantly as did that Dutch admiral who rode the channel with a broom at his masthead. In Ie3s than forty eight hours the balance of the naval power in toe far east was entirely unset. Russia, one expert says, is ia th position of a chess player who loses his queen in the first half dozen moves. The naval position of the Russians at Port Arthur is considered absolutely 'desperate, and It is thought most unlikely that Vladivostok's squadron of four powerful armored cruisers will be able to go to the assistance of the battered fleet at Port Arthur. Admiral Stark's position there, is likened to Cervera's at Santiago. .He Is described as being between the horns of a dilemma. He must either submit to be held under the guns of Port Arthur in a posture Intensely humiliating to Russian pride and pres tige, or he must come out and fight in a condition of inferiority which would render defeat almost a foregone conclusion. Whatever now happens, the Japanese empire is thought safe from attack. It is, however, recogniz ed that the war Is by no means over BATTLE WAS FOUGHT. in Port Arthur Harbor. and Russia's position is compared to that of Great Britain after the initial reverses of the Boer war. Several papers take pains to throw a little cold water on the exultation with which the news of the Japanese vic tories are received in London: Every thing is not over, bar the shouting, say these papers, and, by the way, a majority of the English press pays a warm tribute, to the manner in which Russia has received the news of her disasters. What will Japan do next? Is the question asked on every side. The pre dictions made here are neither more nor less valuable than those published on the other side of the Atlantic, and it is idle to cable more than an indi cation of what appears' to be the con sensus of British expert opinion on the subject. PORT ARTHUR. High Title, Small Income. The London chancery court has given the Marquis of Townshcnd per mission to sell some heirlooms of great value (in order -to provide him self with an income. The family es tates came -to him four years ago weighted with incumbrances amount ing to 750.000. A receiver 'was ap pointed at $3,000 a year and a man ager at $1,750, but the luckless mar quis gets only $1,000. His lordship finds it difficult to maintain the dig nity of a marquis on such a beggarly sum. and so went to court, for per mission to sell certain antique furni ture and some pictures. Woman in Machinists' Unisn. Miss Nellie Burke, the only woman machinist who ever applied for admis sion to a labor union., will be admitted without reservation to 'the organiza tion ia Wilkeabarre. When her appli cation for membership was received it was referred to President O'Connell of the International Machinists. His favorable reply baa been received In Wilkeabarre and Miss Burke will bo admitted next week. WITH THEH VnSMjfiflj "Gain Back." . aven't made a' fortune since I've been upon the Rand, Tho" I 'aven't done so oodly. so to Cut there's always somethin' callln from .my own Australian- tana. An' the callin's growin' louder every week! For It, tells of silver wattles. In the moon light rlist'nin fair. An' of miles of bush that's tinted blue and gray; Ol the pert usae of the wattle-bloom upon the even In air. An' the calUn's growin' louder every day! Oh. it tells of river-reaches, girt with mallee tall an' slim. Of the banks with tl-tree bushes, all a tlower; Of lastoons befringed with rushes, where the teal an' wild duck swim. An' the callin's growin loader every hour! An' it i tells of sad eyes gasin' o'er the purplin' hills at night Of a stern-faced dad. grown bent, an worn, an' gray: Of thklds who cheer'd and whlmperM when their brother went to fight Hang the fortune! I am goln home to day! ' -The Idler. Ths Battle of Hanover.' A controversy Is raging In the east ern press as to the relative importance of the so-called battle of Hanover. H. C. Potter, whose version of the affair started the ball rolling and called forth criticism, writes the Philadel phia Ledger as follows: Permit me to reply to my critics in reference to that affair at Hanover, June 30, 1863. They have fallen Into the common error of relying too much on official reports. Most of these were made -several months after and arc most dramatic. Stuart's report is most flattering to himself. I make the fol lowing statement in defense of my regiment, which behaved nobly, and if any one in it was stampeded it. was myself, and I would do the same thing over again similarly situated. The division left Littiestown about 8 o'clock a. m. in the following order: Kilpatrick, with his staff and body guard, First Ohio; Custer, with the First; Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Michi gan; then the artillery; then Farns worth (Richmond did not command a brigade then), with the First Ver mont, First West Virginia and Fifth New York. Behind them came the ambulance, wagons, horses and pack mules, and last of all the Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. My regiment was the last to leave, and I did not leave there until 10 a. m. When starting, Lieutenant Colonel William P. Brinton, in command, or dered me to pick my men and re main abcut n mile in the rear. I took about twenty men, each from L and M companies. At this time I carried a carbine. We proceeded, making In quiry of every one if any "Johnnies" bad been seen, but none had been. After going a few miles I was Joined by Capt. Freeland, of my regiment He rode with us for a while, and he and the men he had with him left, taking a road to the right Most of us that day wore our cape overcoats. As we neared Hanover, a little after 11 o'clock, we came to a stream across the road (no bridge), where we watered our horses. While wat ering a farmer came from a bouse close by, calling to me, 'The rebs have taken my horses and cows!" I went with him to his barn, where he showed me the empty stalls and point ed out in the distance a small body of troops, who had with them one of those old-fashioned Conestoga wag on?. Those troops had on blue coat, and I thought it was Freeiaud. I told the farmer I would have his stock re turned to him and left, not being satis fled in my mind. I sent Corporals Street; and Dannenhower to see who they were. They came back saying it was Freeland. We went on. these troops getting closer and their num bers increasing. I was suspicious, as their guidon was very red. I loaded my piece and ordered the men to load. When about a mile from the town the road they went on turned sharply into the one we were on, and about sixty of them came out directly in front of us. They called on us not to shoot, but surrender, say ing. "We've just captured some of you'ns," and they would not shoot I had been quietly talking to the men. and told .them when I gave the order to fire and charge. When we got very close to them we fired (this was the first shot fired), they scattered and we went through them. It did not take long for them to recover and come after. As we ran toward the tows a bend in the road brought Into view the rear of my regiment dis mounted. Hearing the firing in their rear they were mounting their horses, and some of them joined us in driving them back. It was here I was joined by Adjutant Gall (I first called him Lee), of the Fifth New York. He rode with me at the head of t)ie first set of fours. He did not get far when be fell from his horse. We were again driven back, and this time the whole regiment joined in and we drova them to a standstill. It was here up a lane, with a high, stiff post and rail fence on each side, the cutting and slashing was done, and for a few in tje very front it was a fist fight It was here Gen. Custer came dashing up In the field behind us, shouting "Drive them!" but for a short time neither side would give way. Custer went back for more troops, but before they arrived the enemy dropped a shell (the first fired) In our midst, when we gave way and fell back to the edge of the town, when the Fifth New York came to our' assistance. TJis practically ended the affair. Elder's Battery was by this time brought into Market Square and a few shots were exchanged -from the one gun the enemy had in action. The Fifth New York and Eighteenth Penn sylvania were the only troops actively engaged on our side, and the "rebs" at no time had over 700 or 800 and hut one gun that they used. Lieut. Col. Payne was not captured a? Stuart says. We lost no wagons or ambulance, and the enemy were never near them. Lieutenant Colonel Payne ventured too near town, and ft?8 horse killed and. In his hurry to get away, fell in a tan vat We killed a Confederate colonel and burled Lira, with three or four men, where 'they fell inside the fence aad not far from the creek. The whole affair was an accident, and had, they gathered up our little command (as they did others) without making a noise about It there would have ueen no so-called battle of Hanover. The First G. A. It. Camp. The movement to erect a monument to Dr. B. F. Stephenson, founder of the Grand Army of the Republic. Is of especial interest to Capt Christian Vv T I W. A RIebsame of-BIoomlngton, 111, who is one of four surviving charter mem bers of the first post which was organ ized at Decatur, III., April 6. '1866. Capt RIebsame was a resident of De? catur and clearly recalls the incidents connected with the early history of the great order. The other survivors are Capt M. F. Kanaa and Lieut I. N. Coltrin of Decatur, and Capt J. T. Bishop of Pittsburg, Pa. C. M. Imbo den of Decatur has all the records of Post No. 1, including the charter and all the correspondence that passed back and forth when a city In Michi gan was claiming the honor of being the birthplace of the order. This cor respondence only strengthens the claims of Decatur for that honor. He also has the first ritual used. This reposes in the vaults of a bank In De catur. An interesting souvenir is a small block of solid silver that was sent to, the surviving members, when the twenty-fifth anniversary was cele brated In 1891. Dr. Stephenson, who belonged to the Fourteenth Illinois Infantry surgi cal department consulted with W J. Rutledge, chaplain of the same regi ment, In Springfield, in the spring of 186C, relative to a veteran's organiza tion. He found In Mr. Rutledge a cor dial sympathizer. He procured a copy of the ritual of a soldier organization already formed and outlined a form for use. in the new order. I. N. Coltrin, who joined the first post, was the first one who set up part of this as a printer. 'He said of it recently: "The ritual had a lot of stuff In it that was afterward cut out The Sons of Malta was the thing then, and it. Was patterned somewhat after that order. The copy furnished by Stephenson was a mixed up mess and contained long eulogies of Lincoln and Douglas and did not resemble that of the Grand Army. I had a lot of the original rituals which we printed stored at my house for many years, but finally I destroyed them." The first post was organized on the anniversary of the battle of SEilob, with twelve charter members. The name of Dr. Stephenson is appended to the charter and he is designated as "commander of department" He died Aug. 30, .1871, without beholding the later realization of his dream of an organization of hundreds of thousands who enlisted in defense of the Repub lic. The original plan of organization was cumbersome, including, besides the present system, a district or coun ty government with officers having supervision of the posts. The work of organizing posts was pushed and before the close of 1866 the order was extended into twelve states. Post No. 2 was organized in Philadelphia and included 'twenty-one commissioned .officers. The depart ment of Illinois was organized July 12, 1866, at Springfield, and Gen. John M. Palmer chosen commander. The first convention was held in Indianapolis on November 20, 1866. Gen. S. A. Hurlbut was chosen first commander in chief. Dr. Stephenson was greatly disap pointed that he was not honored at either gathering by being chosen com mander, but loyally accepted the post of adjutant general, and during the year following labored zealously by the upbuilding of -the organization. The membership in 1SC5 aggregated ilO.OcO, but in the years following there was a marked decline in inter est and membership until in 1S78 there were but 31,000 members. After that year, however, there was a new lease of life, and since then the growth has been marvelous. Gen. Henry Kyd Douglas. Gen. Henry Kyd Douglas, who died recently at Hagerstown, Md., was not only one of the most brilliant officers who served in the Confederate army during the civil war, in which he achieved great distinction, first upon the staff, of Gen. "Stonewall" Jackson and later as a regimental officer. He was one of the brightest and wittiest cf companions, always ready with a story of bis army life. One day he was speaking of the "style assumed by the wealthy young men of the South when they first went into the Confederate army. Plenty of handsome clothes and a colored body servant were not at all uncommon. After a year or so there was a great change In this respect, and Geu. Douglas narrated an incident of his life as a regimental commander. See ing one of the wealthiest and most aristocratic young Virginians of his regiment in a shabby old uniform, carrying a bucket of slops from the company kitchon on one occasion, he commohtcd: "Tom. I never expected to see you carrying slops." The young soldier promptly replied: "D n U, Kyd, this Isn't slops; it is patriotism,'" On one occasion Gen, Douglas lec tured in Boston, his' lecture being one of a course delivered alternately by Union and Confederate officers. As he was the first of the latter who spoke In the course he began by say ing hat as this was bis first public appearance in Boston since the civil war he had felt that be might placate his hearers for having engaged in the rebellion by some act of penance. With this in mind he bad that day climbed Bunker Hill monument "But as between repeating that climb and again rebelling against Un cle 8am,'1 he said, "you may depend upon my rebelling every time." This utterance so pleased an old lady in the audience who was a lineal descendant of Gen. Warren that she invited him to tea. Gettysburg Address Mcmtrlak Secretary Root has entered into a contract with the Van Andring Com pany for the erection in the National Cemetery at Gettysburg of a memorial of the address delivered by President Lincoln on Nov. Iff, 1868, on the oc casion of the dedication of that ceme tery. ' In February. 1895. Congress passed an act appropriating 85.000 for a suitable bronze tablet and specified the portion of the address to be In scribed upon It The plans approved by Secretary Root called for a granite oxodra, 22 feet wide, exhibiting a granite pillar surmounted by a bronze bust of the martyred President On one aide of the pedestal Is to be a bronxo tablet exhibiting a portion of the address and on the other side another bronze tablet witaHke legend of the memorial The site selected la as near the spot where the address was delivered aa Is possible under existing conditions nBBflnumVn'- VHWM&L TaTOafaVi v'-5vv 7TSF'?mvjmw anan . n- i .. , ? : TMai r ISvvK-vaV9nmalsBsaFgsl S .- -t.' ; .?- v -Is Feeding Economically. It is impossible to feed economical ly while one kind of element is being given in such proportion .that only a part' of it can be utilized. It a cow can use in a day only two pounds of protein and 11 pounds of carbohy drates, it will be a great waste for us to feed her two pounds of protein and twenty pounds of carbohydrates. In that case, nine pounds of digestible carbohydrates will pass through the digestive system unutilized, and will be cast out into the manure heap. There are yet thousands of cow feed era that say they care nothing about the knowledge of balanced rations, but suck men are certainly wasting good feed without knowing it It is impossible to balance our foods per fectly, but we can' balance them ap proximately. It is true that we lave just began to learn how to feed eco nomically. There la little doubt that if the carbohydrates and protein feeds fed to the cows in the United States could be properly proportioned we would get at least twenty-five per cent ssore products of all kinds from them than we do at the present time. Now, sometimes it is the protein that is wasted and sometimes it is the carbo hydrates, but both come in for a large share oZ the wastage. As yet da!ry feeds arc not sold according to their relative value, but according to the supply and demand. On? kind of feed may be worth, say ten per cent less than another kind of feed, but if it becomes scarce it -will. pass the other in price, it will thus be. seen that the economical feeder cannot take prices as a criterion by which to determine- his feeding operations. In some parts of the country we find timothy hay selling for a greater price than clover and alfalfa, and cow keepers buying the timothy in prefer ence to the other kind. In such cases the feeding is the opposite of eco nomical. The Hard Milkir. Cow. -Every farmer has had trouble with hard-milking cows. Generally the difficulty comes from the smallness of the teats. The cow with very small teats with small orifices is doubly hard to handle In this respect Nev ertheless, some of these animals are good mothers and give x large. mess of fairly rich milk. This fact has kept many such a cow alive when she would otherwise have been sent to the butcher. One of the best ways to utilize cows of this description is to make them foster mothers. The calves of the easy milking cows can be given to these to nurse for the first four weeks of their lives, or until other calves are ready to take their places. This is the practice with some dairymen and general farmers. It would be more generally practiced if the cows on our farms came in fresh in all the different months of the year instead of nearly all of them in the spring. As it is, the nurse cow finds herself without a calf to milk her by midsummer,, and the hired man has to undertake the job. Goats for Dairying. It seems likely that 'in the not dis tant future we will have to welcome the goat to the number of our dairy animals. The goat has long been ac important factor in the dairying in foreign countries, but has never at tained such distinction in this coun try. About the only place in which the goat I:as ever received any dis tinction of this kind in the United 'States is in some of the poorer por tions of our large cities, where the nanny goat may be seen Here ana- ithere trying to pick a living from .among the piles of rubbish and toma .to cans on the vacant lots. We un derstand that the United States De partment of Agriculture is about to send an agent to Europe to study the milk goat there and the methods of caring for them and handling their milk. As all know, some of the most famed of the foreign cheese is made from the milk of the goat. The milk and cheese making industry in some of our European countries hangs largely on the milk-giving powers of the goat. Brome for Hay and Pasturage. As a meadow grass Bromc has not proved universally satisfactory; for while a large majority have reported favorably, some have complained that it made a thick, compact sod, but did not grow tall enough to yield a sat isfactory crop of bay, says E. C. Chi! cott of the South Dakota station. We have had no difficulty in this respect, nor have any of the farmers in this vicinity, so far as we know. Most of these complaints have come from those who sowed it on rather light, sandy land with water near the sur face, on land well adapted to the growth of the common blucjolnt and alfalfa. We have grown it on both upland and bottom and with good re sults, but we find that it usually be comes turf-bound about the third or fourth year after sowing, and believe that it will usually be found desirable to either break it up w use it for pas ture after cutting three or tour crops for seed and hay. Brome grass should be sown broad cast or with a drill upon well prepared land, at the rate of fifteen to twenty pounds per acre, either with or with out a nurse crop. If sown with a nurse crop about one-halt bushel of wheat should be used, and it should bo sown with the rest of the wheat crop as early in April as the soil is in good condition. If sown nroadcast It should be covered by a light drag ging. If sown with a drill, no dragging will be needed after sow ing, but a good firm seed-bed should be prepared by thorough dragging be fore sowing. Some difficulty has been experienced in sowing with a drill, as the seed Is so light and chaffy that it does not feed well. If sown' without a nurse crop, it is better to delay sow ing until about the first of June; sow ing in the same manner as with a nurse crop. It usually produces a good crop of seed the first year alter sow ing, and an excellent crop of either seed or bay the second and third years. We have frequently obtained a good yield of both seed and hay by allowing the seed to ripen, cutting the seed with a binder set high enough to pass over the thick mat of bottom. grass aad following with a mower. The seed shells badly if al lowed to stand for even a day after it is ripe, so it should be closely watched 'and promptly cut as soon as the seed hardens. Brome grass should not be pastured the first year after sowing, and It is much safer to wait until the third year, when it will have become so thoroughly established that It will Stand HT rSJMahla nnnnt nf LIVESTOCK cv Growth of the Home's Hoof. John W. Adams, professor of veteri nary surgeon in the University of Pennsylvania, says: All parts of the hoof grow downward and forward -with equal rapidity, the rate of growth being largely dependent upon tap amount of blood supplied to the pods derm, or "quick." Abundant and reg ular exercise, good grooming, moist neos and suppleness of the hoof, going barefoot, plenty of good food and at proper intervals removing the over growth of hoof and regulating the bearing surface, by increasing the vol ume and improving the quality oT the blood flowing into the podedenn. favor the rapid growth of horn of good qual ity; while lack of exercise, dryness of the horn and excessive length of th hoof hinder growth. The average rate of growth is about one-third of an inch a month. Him1 hoofs grow faster than fore hoofs and unshod ones faster than shod ones. The time required for the horn to grow from the coronet to the ground, though influenced to a slight degree by the precited conditions, varies in propor tion to the distance of the coronet from the ground. At the toe, depend ing on its height the horn grows down in eleven to thirteen months, at the side wall in six to eight months and at the heels in three to five months. We can thus estimate with tolerable ac curacy the time required for the dis appearance of such defects in the hoof as cracks, clefts, etc. Irregular growth Is not infrequent The almost invariable cause of this ia an improper distribution of the body weight over the hoofthat is, an un balanced foot. Colts running in soft pasture or confined for long periods in the stable are frequently allowed to grow hoofs of excessive length. The long toe becomes " dished "that is. coucave from the coronet to the ground the long quarters curl forward and inward and often completely cover the frog or lead to contraction of the heels, or the whole hoof bends outward or in ward, and a crooked foot, or, even worse, a crooked leg, Is the result if the long hoof be allowed to exert its powerful and abnormally directed lev erage for but a few months upon young plastic bones and tender and lax articular ligaments. All colts are not foaled with straight legs,, but fail ure to regulate the length and bearing of the hoof may make a straight leg crooked and a crooked leg worse, just as intelligent care during the growing period can greatly improve a congen ially crooked limb. If breeders were more generally cognizant of the power of overgrown and unbalanced hoofs to divert the lower bones ox. young legs from their proper direction and, there fore, to cause ihern to be moved im properly, with loos of speed and often with injury to the limbs, we might hope to see fewer knock-kneed, bow legged, "splay-footed," "pigeon-toed,'' cow-hocked, interfering and paddling horses. If in shortening the hoof one side wall is, from ignorance, left too long or cut down too low with relation to the other, the foot will be unbalanced, and in traveling the long section will touch the ground first and will contin ue to do so till it has been reduced to its proper level (length) by the in creased wear which will take place at this point While this occurs rapidly in unshod- hoofs, the shoe prevents wear of the hoof, though it is itself more rapidly worn away beneath the high (long) side than elsewhere, so that by the time the shoe Js worn out the tread of the shoe may be flat. If this mistake be repeated from month to month, the part of the wall left too high will grow more rapidly than th low side whose pododerm is relatively anemic as a result of the greater weight falling into this half of the hoof, and the ultimate result will be a "wry" or crooked foot. When Pigs are Growing. Wm. Bunt, in an address to farmers, said': A one-rule method of feeding may not be successful always, as con ditions vary- It may be from the weather or something peculiar to the animals themselves. Some litters I have been able to feed heavily, and others only very carefully for fear of crippling them. By care and practice a person ran find out a proper method and should aim to carry It out syste matically. I have found that grain with the milk and slops from the house, fed morning and evening, with roots for the noon meal, is a very suc cessful plan. The animals get lively and healthy. Running out or meal is a great mistake, and should be avoided. Running to tho granary and taking the first thing that is handy, to satisfy the animals, is wasteful aad unsatisfactory, and If indulged in to a great extent, will soon make them unthrifty, and it will be a serious loss to the owner. Some recommend to let them out for exercise once in a while, but I am inclined to think it makes them restless and uneasy. Di viding the room into two, I find a very good plan, if the space permits It. with a low fence for them to jump over, in passing from one pen to the other. Do not keep too many in ace pen unless the space is large, aad has plenty of troughs. Troughs should be the proper height with slats nailed across to prevent them from crowding each other from the trough, and this also keeps the food clean. Tho slats should be nailed to the outer edge of the trough, on an incline up to the wall. This prevents them from get ting across or monopolizing more than their share, and keeps the stronger from rooting off the weaker ones. Now feed regularly and carefully. Increasing in strength and quantity, as. your judgment sees fit. Your ob ject should be, not fattening exclu sively, as is too often tho case, but growing and moderately fattening un til they reach the desired weight of 160" to 200 pound3. The last few weeks they should be fed principally on grain. Again I would like to impress the importance of keeping them clean and dry, ' Remove the soiled and damp bedding often, and replace with a lit tle dry straw. Clean wheat straw is preferable, as it does not keep damp, or pack and heat as quickly as the other. King Is Motorist King Victor Emmanuel, who will open the international exhibition of automobiles in Turin next February, ia an cnthusiastie motorist. Marine Hospital Service. The public health and marine hos pital service costs $1,000,000 a year. -, 1 Only 19.2&2 sealskins were taken on the Pribilof islands during the season of 1903. The rye crop last year, with an acreage of 1,906,894, yielded $15,993, LIVE SHOCK cy Facta in CatUo Foodhif. Joan R. Fain of the Tennessee sta tion drawn the following conclusions from an experiment carried on at the station ia the feeding of silage. With native cattle very satisfactory gains can be nude, these galas varying from 1.2 to 2.1 pounds per head per day. With six of the animals tested a gain of practically 1.5 pounds per day was made throughout the entire feeding period. The ration composed of silage, cottonseed meal aad corn meal was tho most satisfactory one in point of palatabllity and gain In live weight, and is probably better adapted for use on the average southern farm than any other. It was found that cowpea hay could be quite advanta geously substituted for cotton-seed meal, in some cases. It requires long feeding periods to finish cattle prop erly. Several of the groups showed in average gain of 1.5 to 2 pounds per Jay at the end of the 120 days' feed ing, and still they were only In fair condition. Indicating that a 150-day period would have been more satis factory. Fifteen cattle fed on dry rations for 120 days made an average gain of 1.27 pounds. Fifteen cattle fed on succulent rations for the same. time, with the same concentrates, made an average gain of 1.75 pounds. The average results of two years trial on the university farm show that about 7.8 tons of corn silage and 7.2 tons or sorghum silage can be obtained per acre. The cost of corn silage ia $17.08 and the sorghum silage $12.81 per acre. Silage from either source is equally satisfactory as a roagbneaa for beef cattle, though owing to tho fact that sorghum silage can bo grown as a "second crop" it can bo produced for some less than the com silage. Stover ia not aa satisfactory a roughness as silage. A pound of gain with stover fed cattle cost C? cents, .whereas with silage-fed cattle a pound of gala under the same condi tions cost 6.82 cents. Cotton seed brand fed either as a ronghnesa by it self or when substituted for 48 per cent of cotton seed meal and fed as a concentrate did not prove satisfac tory. The farmer can produce his own roughness for less than he can buy it, and it will always be to bis iaterest to buy the pure cotton seed meal. More Protein and Ash. It has been well demonstrated that, in the fattening of young bogs, n ra tion containing more protein and ash than does com gives better results than does a sole corn ration. This is something new to most hog raisers. It has been quite generally recognized that In growing the frame of bogs mucn protein was needed, bat most people hnve assumed -that once the frame had reached a marketable size, a whole corn ration could be fed to advantage. Experiments made at the Iowa station apparently show the op posite. When one stops to consider the matter he is led to realize tho fact that the natural activity of the hog must consume a very large amount of protein, even after the frame js built The muscles that carry on the life work must be re newed constantly. Thus, the heart is always using up protein material, and the place of this wasted material can tot be taken by the carbohydrates that so largely comprise the digestible mtrients of the corn ration. In fact, a too large amount of these fat-forming substances weakens all the mus cles, including those that take part in the work of digestion. Good, healthy, strong internal muscles are necessary to enable the animal to change the carbohydrate food Into fat So we have the anomalous condition of some foods being so fatty as to actually prevent the animal laying on fat, after a certain duration of that process. If animals were able to put all their strength into laying on fat alone, even pure starch might be fed sometimes to advantage. A ration for fattening should contain a greater amount of carbohydrates than does the growing ration, but it should not exceed in fat-forming elements the other ration so much as we bad sup posed it should. Live Stock in Michigan. Fred M. Warner, secretary of State of Michigan, in the January report on live stock conditions says: The aver age condition of live stock in the state is reported as follows, compari son being with stock in good, healthy and thrifty condition: Horses, cattle, sheep and swine, each 96 per cent The average price of .fat cattle was $3.41 per cwt, of fat hogs $4.19 per cwt., and of dressed pork $5.53 per cwt. The average price of each class of horses was as follows: Under one year old, $33.24; between one and two years old, $52.75; between two and three years old, $78.06; three years old and over, $108.29. Milch cows were worth $34.32 per head. Cattle other than milch cows, under one year old, were worth, per head. $10.26: between one and two years old. $17.35; between two and threo years old, $26.59, and three years old and over, $34.21. The average price of sheep under one year old was $2.82. and one year old and over, $3.43: hogs not fatted were worth $3.78 per cwt The prices are for the state. The prices of farm crops are nearly the same as they were one year ago, except wheat, which is 11 cents per bushel higher. All grades of horses arc higher than one year ago; on tho other hand, cattle and hogs, both alive and dressed, are worth consid erably less than in January, 1903. Provide for Hog Pastor. Every farmer that raises hogs and keeps them penned up all the time is laboring under great diflcaltles in bis attempts to make money out of hogs. The man that buys grain to feed his swine from the time the pigs are bora till tho mature hogs are marketed will find his margin of profit small. It la only by cnanging some of tho very cheap feeds Into pork that a profit can be figured out, at least under present prices. Blue grass and clover pastures should he planned for wherever pos sible. When such are not available rape aad alfalfa may bo resorted to. The Kansas station has tried both and found them very profitable. With a pasture of rape they realized $11.90 per acre In about 100 days. With al falfa, they aid still better, averaging $24.10 per acre from it ia 100 days. But the alfalfa pasture Is' not always a possibility, while the rape pasturela. ' Seeds placed la the ground absorb moisture mora rapidly to warm soil tnJI & OM nd thus germinate earlier. Seeda can not be dennfi on to grow In n cold ground. A good man aad a good business nan are not necessarily synonymous. ,rrvv. f9ssjosssmmr i- r a,. K W . tnrfnsr and trnmntnw y-- sfcb Bnjgte.- s . 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