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The Government Pauper.
(Dedicated to the Kicker on Pensions.)
It's alary and fasae that follow
A. fiffhttne; soldier's name
But yon can't fl!l up on glory
And you can't exist on fame;
And I may be peculiar.
Bat I've said It oft before.
That the man who risks his life for us
Should have a darn sight more
Than
Thirteen dollars a month.
And maybe you don't remember.
Or-meraory fails to suit.
How when the draft was on you went
And 'furnished a substitute!
Tou home a-maktn' money
And safe from bullets and swords
He at the front with an offer
The .best that life affords
Of . .
Thirteen dollars a month.
Tou call him a eovernment pauper.
With crowls and gTutnbles and frets:
And kick away like an old bay steer
At the pension that he sets:
local nere I want 10 ten you.
And keep It under your hat-
Ton ought to get six mow
And twice a year at that.
to get six months in jaU
Without
Thirteen dollars a month.
And you ought to live on hardtack
And get an elegant fill , .
Of the water the poor old fellow drank
Down at Andersonvilie.
And maybe, when your year was up
The lesson you were taught
Might show you why we pension those
Old eterana who fought
For
Thirteen dollars a month.
Harry S. Chester.
Chart by a Calf.
Oa the first Monday after President
Lincoln's call for 75,000 men for three
months' service Thomas Gibson. Jr.,
began recruiting a company from
Pittsburg. Jacob Colmer, the present
postmaster at Avalon, was the first
to place his name on the roll as a
valnateer. Mr. Colnier. by his loyal
and belts. They went to the rear, and
we went slam-bang; into another rebel
line, which, yielding at first, rallied
and drove us back. Then we rushed
them and broke their line, and I never
felt happier in my life than when I
saw the men in gray scamper away
into the cedars. At Chickamauga we
waited for the rebs to charge, and
they broke us all up. Some of our
boys were so completely knocked out
that they ran a mile like scared
horses, in the belief that the whole
army had been routed and that the
only thing to do was to get off the
field. Then they slowed up, came to
their senses, turned and ran the other
way, and, falling in anywhere, fought
like wildcats to the end. crashing at
odd times into the rebel lines with the
devil-may-care insolence of football
players in a tussle." Chicago Inter
Ocean.
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aervice as a private, uas advaaced
from one office to another until, when (be First Maine cavalry has the name
Maine's Proud Record.
In ? recent week more than $50,000
was paid in Bangor, Maine, and in
towns tributary to Bangor, in pensions
to survivors of the Civil War and to
their Immediate kindred, a larger sum,
it is claimed, than is disbursed In
pensions in any other community of
equal population in the United States.
Maine's war record is not surpassed
Ly that of any other state. The old
First Maine heavy artillery, which
went out from Bangor as the Eight
eenth Maine infantry and which had
nearly 1,900 men and officers, holds
tbe record of having lost a larger per
cent of men and officers in battle than
any ether regiment in the war; and
iusterout time came in '65, his dis
charge read "Lieutenant Colmer."
Capt Gazzam of Pittsburg also had
organized a company, but neither he
nor' Capt Gibson had succeeded In
earolliag more than fifty men. Time
after time they tried to enter the serv
ice, bat, not having the full comple
ment of men, the companies were not
accepted by the governor.
CapU Gibson's company, nothing
daaated. determined to equip them
aeives and go as an independent or
ganization. While arrangements to
that end were being made word was
received that troops were needed In
Wheeling. W. Va., to protect the
threatened border.
The company proceeded by beat to
that city, arriving at Camp Carlisle
ia May. Capts. Gazzam and Gibson
came to an understanding by which
the two companies were consolidated,
and the following officers were elect
ed: Captain. Thomas Gibson; first
lleHteaaat, David Ecker; second lieu
tenant. David D. 'Barclay. They fur
iasahed themselves with a Zouave uni
form and Springfield muskets.
Orders came that the company
move to Clarksburg. E?:hwhackers
had stopped several trains on that
route previously, so several of the
men (among them Mr. Colmer) rode
oa the cowcatcher, under the head
light, so as to see and not be seen.
Arrived in Clarksburg, the company
west into camp with companies C and
B to drill aad prepare for active duty.
They formed part of the Second Vir
ginia volunteer infantry, of which
companies A, D, F and G came from
'Pfttsbvrg. This regiment was after
ward known as the Fifth West Vir
ginia cavalry.
One night some of tbe men of com
Bay D were out foraging. One of
tham captured a good-sized calf and
determined to take his prisoner back
to camp immediately. On the road
the captive became festive, and, being
the stronger calf of the two, began
paTHag tls captor along at a rather
lively gait. Past the sentry they
ranked, not stopping to answer his
challenge. The guns were stacked
aad the companies were all asleep.
The calf, in its mad career, charged
into the guns, one of which was dis
charged. Awakened from their sleep
the men came tumbling out of their
taata. half clothed, and hurriedly
in line of battle. Company C
not received their guns, so they
armed with picks, shovels, axes
aad aaything els that was handy.
The bugler (he Is now editor of a
BBWBpaper in Illinois) came to his
cwpUia. bb az oa his shoulder. He
traa ready to fight, though his face
ws pale. In a quavering voice he
cf more engagements inscribed upon
its flag than any other regiment in
he service.
AH of the thirty-two regiments of
infantry, the two regiments of cav
alry and ten batteries of light artil
lery and the big contingent of sailor
men who found service in tbe navy
were in the front of battle; and as
fast as the ranks were depleted by
sickness or death, new recruits were
hurried to tbe front, so the regimental
lists were kept full for the more than
four years of terrible conflict After
the fighting was over and the surviv
ors came back to resume their duties
as prh'ate citizens, Maine's delegation
in congress worked hard and long to
secure pensions for every deserving
veteran.
Hew Mustard Robe Wheat.
The plant foods found fa the so!
amsists of certain salts or minerals
ts common table salt, saltpeter, etc.
Certain of these salts are abundant
aoogh ia the son at any one time
to feed tbe crop for a seasoa or
many seasons. Others, such as salt
peter (nitric add) are liberated, be
aoae available to the plant, or are
readers soluble, only gradually that
is, there may be enough of the salt
peter ia the soil to last a crop only a
few weeks. As it is used, however,
more of this food is rendered soluble
so that It can be used by the plant
We have this process going oa in the
Mil during the growing season; the
numus or vegetable substance con
stantly yields a certain quantity of
the saltpeter aad the growing plants
are at the same time using a portion
of this. When the growing crop con
tains weeds there are two classes of
plants drawing on this food substance.
Nearly all of the weeds begin flower
ing and ripening seeds long before
the wheat or flax or corn begins ma
turing its seeds. Now, a plant that is
flowering and ripening seeds draws a
greater amount of nutriment or food
from the soil, proportionately, than
does a plant that is merely putting
forth green leaves. The demands of
the mustard or French Weed upon
the soil during June aad a part of
July is greater and more insistent
than an equal amount of wheat o?
other crop and its demands must be
first supplied. In other words, the
French Weed or mustard is taking up
the excess of saltpeter as rapidly as
it is formed, leaving no surplus food
to be drawn upon by the wheat or
flax when its time comes to blossom
and produce seed. The case is some
what similar to a farmer drawing
heavily on his moderate bank account
for a pleasure trip just before he
needs the money to harvest his crop.
The weeds draw on the bank account
in the soil for plant food that should
be saved for the wheat or other crop.
L. R. Waldron.
Episode of Kenesaw.
"That confusion of horses at Kene
saw," said the Mississippi captain,
"reminds me of a controversy over
horses at the battle of Franklin. Gen.
Pat Cleburne and Gen. John Adams
of the Confederate army were both
killed at Franklin at the head of their
commands and close to the Union
breastworks. One of them was killed
on top of the works, just as his horse
had plunged half over. Man ami
horse were shot there, and tbe body
of the horse remained on top of the
works, with fore feet extended to the
Union side. It was said at tbe time
that the officer killed on top of the
works was Gen. Cleburne, and there
was among our own men a dispute as
to this.
"It was known that Gen. John Ad
ams of Loring's division rode a bay
horse and that Cleburne did not. The
horse killed on top of the works in
front of the Sixty-fifth Illinois was a
bay. and Gen. Adams' body was found
at the base of the works, just below
the horse. Cleburne's body was found
fifty or sixty yards from the works.
Adams, according to the story of men
of the Sixty-fifth Illinois, rode his
horse over the ditch and to the top
of the parapet and tried to tear the
flag from the hands of the color-bearer.
At that instant he was shot"
Millet.
Of the two distinct types of millets,
the foxtails and the cattails, the for
mer is most generally grown because
of the better quality of hay secured.
To the foxtails belong the German,
Common, Hungarian, Japanese and
others, all of which make fair yields
wherever corn can be profitably
grown. Light soils are to be preferred
and the drainage should be good, as
the millets are easily affected by cold
and damp conditions. They should be
planted after all danger of frost, either
in drills or broadcast, preferably the
former method. The usual methods
of cultivating corn will answer for the
millets. The German variety of the
foxtails is the popular variety for
heavy soils and the common for light
soils in Texas. The cattail millets un
der favorable conditions make a much
larger yield per acre than the foxtails,
but where such conditions exist it is
a problem to save the crop. B. C
Pittuck.
"Captain, if I should fail in Ihis con
flict, will you send word to my moth
er?" When the real cause of the disturb
ance was discovered great was the
uproar. Needless to say. Bugler Cyrus
Haae never heard the last of his
-fret coaflict" Pittsburg Dispatch.
The Bishop and the General.
An anecdote is related about Bishop
Rosecrans. brother of the late Gen.
W. S. Rosecrans. which is vouched for
on good authority. The bishop was
at a dinner one day in 1864, when the
conversation turned on the civil war.
One of tiie group remarked: "It would
seem, bishop, that you and your
brother are engaged in very different
callings."
"Yes, it would appear so." respond-
What the Matter Was.
People that keep poultry frequently
ask tbe editor or others what the mat
ter is with their chickens. Frequently
they will leave so much unstated that
it Is Impossible for the editor or any
other to even guess what the trouble
may be. Some time ago a farmer ex
pressed his dissatisfaction with chick
ens. He said be had eighty, all Plym
outh Rocks, but that they did not lay.
It was then February and he had re
ceived scarcely an egg since the prev
ious summer. Something must be the
matter with them. "Don't they get
too much corn?" "No, they don't get
very much corn; some." "Do they
have any place to run and scratch?"
"Yes, have the run of the barnyard,
lots of room for scratching."
A few days afterward, the writer
had occasion to visit this man, and of
course he was interested in looking
ever ais poultry. "Where's the chick
en house?" "Haven't any; this is a
rented farm; it wouldn't pay me to
build a chicken house; the chickens
are out behind the barn.'" The writer
went thither. It was a cold day and
the snow covered tne ground to the
depth of a foot Behind the barn he
found the barnyard, and at one end of
Starved Orchards.
Where trees are .growing on good,
strong soil, and receive good cultiva
tion, they will produce good crops of
fruit for several years, .perhaps with
out the application of very much in
the way of fertilizer; but on light and
loamy soils they very soon show lack
of vigor and become stunted. There
are many orchards to-day that are
starving. When we consider that or
chards are seldom planted on a virgin
soil, but in nearly all cases on a soil
that has been cropped to grain, aad
from which a large part of the potash
ana pnosphoric add has been exhaust
ed, and that the tree requires material
to build up wood tissue and an annual
crop of foliage, aad, later, of fruit, we
see the necessity of providing food for
the needs of the tree. Nitrogen Is re
quired for the wood growth, potash for
fruit, and phosphoric acid for seed.
The most economical way to supply
these elements is by plowing In clover
for nitrogen, and by supplying the oth
er material by the application of hard
wood ashes. Where the trees are
large, cowing occasionally with rape
and pasturing it off with sheep will
help wonderfully In enriching the soil.
Large trees will not be injured by
sheep. When clover is growa for
fertilizing purposes, never cut It for
bay. but plow it all in when about half
in blossom, for you need humus in
the orchard, and lots of it Old chip
yards and tbe deaaiags from wood
sheds make a good material for this
purpose, and old rotten pea straw, or
anything that will furnish a humus
nill be of benefit Where ashes can
not be got, potash in some other form
should be applied.. and the phosphoric
acid by means of ground bone, but
these two elements are supplied most
cheaply in tbe form of ashes. Good
unleachcd, hard wood ashes are cheap
for this purpose at from 15 cents to 20
cents per bushel. Forty bushels to an
acre, once in two years, for bearing
trees, with a crop of dover plowed in
once in two years, would be far better
treatment than the best of them are
getting now, and will give on ordinary
soils very good results. Stable ma
nure is all right, providing yoc can
get it, but as a rule the orchards get
very little. G. C. Caston.
ed the bishop. "And yet." he con-, the building was an open shed for the
timtAfl aB fir a lirtt'h ft ark tints ma . .. ...
tinued. "we are both fighting men,
While the general is wielding tbe
sword of tbe flesh. I trust that I am
using the sword of the spirit. He is
fighting the rebels, and I am fighting
the spirit of darkness. There is this
difference in the pursuit of our sev
eral duties: he is fighting with Price
(General), while I am fighting with
out price."
Fighting Hand to Hand.
"I had some doubts." said the ser
geant, "about hand-to-hand struggles
darlag the first year of tbe war. Our
ragjsaeat did good work at Shiloh. but
4idat come to close quarters with the
enemy. We made our mark at Perry
Tille. but not at close range, and I
jroadered if any battle was fought in
which bmb strove agaiast each other
wKhia reach of bayonet or sword. At
fltoae river we charged at a run
against a rebel line. I expected the
oM thing to happen and the enemy
to break. I shook from head to foot
as I saw the rebels start oa a ran and
at a charge bayonets to meet us. I
eauM see the hair and eyes aad facial
eaBwasetoa or tne rebels as they
same steadily and swiftly toward us.
I fBBUBrter oae fellow wore a red
aroBBd Ms seek aad that the
flapplag la a very ridicu
s he ran.
T esuM see a short man making
his legs do their best, and a long-
fellow ia advance. I felt this
coaMa't go on without bayonet
U and without the
lines crashing together. The crash
essne seeaer than I expected, and not
alto ia the way I expected. About
half ef our ssea weat through or over
the rebel liae, some of us coming
dww'ea oar heads aad others oa their
feat It was undignified and coafus-
tag, and when we turned we found
ssea la gray standing back to back
Bgtttiag both ways. There was little
or bo shooting, bat a giving sad tak
ing, of hard blows, aad a good deal of
wiawh ens' Iambic scrapping. Finally
eae ef the rebels shouted: 'What's
the ase? Why ia thaaaer dost sobm-
to surrender? Thereupon
all oar feUews shouted 'Sarreaeler!'
aad bbwb weat the muskets of the
it between our lines..
it an aabraised sub in
aad we felt Hks aMs
tbe rebels threw down tastr
afl saec their
For New Statue at Washington.
Tbe city of Washington is well pro
vided with statues of officers of the
army and navy, and is now likely to
have one for the volunteers and pri
vate soldiers of tbe Union arm-. A
bill has been introduced by Senator
Galliager of New Hampshire appro
priating the sum of $100,000 for this
purpose. A commission is to be
named, to consist of the secretarv nt I
war. the superintendent of public 8tyle of Pultrjr raising, which per
sheltering of farm vehicles, live stock
or any other thing that might need
sheltering. Incidentally it was used
for sheltering the eighty Plymouth
Rocks. The shed was open to the
west and north and the northwest
wind had a clean sweep. In the back
and top of this were the roosts for
the fowls. Wasn't it strange they
didn't lay?
Tbe owner had been putting food
into these birds to help generate
enough heat to keep them alive on the
cold nights when they must bum up
a vast amount of carbonaceous matter
to offset the loss of heat from their
bodies. He had been literally "feeding
the winds" through the fowls. This
is the most extreme case that has ever
come under the direct observation of
the writer. It is a type of the old
The Development of Spraying.
One may explore our literature up
to 1870 in fruitless search of even the
mention of spraying or spraying ma
chinery, and the nearest that he will
come thereto will be an occasional
mention of the dusting of plants with
parls green or arsenic mixed with
flour, lime or ashes. The oldest patent
on record for a machine to apply liquid
poisons on a large scale, was the John
son Spray Machine, patented Decem
ber 16, 1873, by Judge Jehu W. John
son of Columbus, Texas. This was
simply a tank mounted on a cart with
a double acting force pump attached
to the top of the tank. It was about
this time that Mr. Gross of Rlpon,
Wis., invented an instrument for
spraying potato vines with a mixture
of parls green and water to destroy
the potato beetle. It was not until
five years later that much was accom
plished, and not till 18S0 that the mat
ter of spraying with arsenical poisons
began to attract general attention, and
even then largely as against the cot
ton worm and Colorado potato beetle,
and not as against orchard pests, ex
cept, perhaps, the canker worm. In
1875, Mr. J. N. Dixon of Oskaloosa,
Iowa, in spraying his orchard to de
stroy canker worms, found in the fall
that where he had applied a solution
of arsenic there was no injury from
codlin moth, and we had the first inti
mation of what could be accomplished
in poisoning the larvae of that insect
The matter was not generally brought
to public attention, however, until
1882, in a prize essay presented at the
meeting of the Iowa State Horticul
tural Society for that year. It was
about this time that agricultural ex
periment stations were established,
and this gave opportunity for investi
gation and experimentation, which in
turn directed the attention of manu
facturers of pumps to this new de
mand for particular machinery. Then
followed the improvement of spraying
machinery and nozzles, and here the
French have helped us out greatly
with their Bordeaux mixture and Ver
morel nozzle. Prof. F. M. Webster.
DalryiBf In Southern Illinois.
From Farmers' Review: The next
convention of the Illinois DaJrymea's
Association will be interesting ia that
it will call attention to a dairy sec
tion of the state about which little is
kaown over the state aad country gen
erally. Dairyiag in southern Illinois
has the incentive to encourage it that
Is found ia a constantly growing aad
already very large demand of the St
Louis market for dairy products.
This demand has built up the 'milk
industry along all the lines of rail
road entering St Louis from Illinois.
There are three bis; condeasaries ia
that section, many plants engaged in
shipping milk aad cream and the but
termaking factories are rapidly grow
ing in number. Dairying has brought
prosperity to that sectloB where years
of corn growing had worn out the
soil, aad the success the farmers save
experienced from dairying has tiled
that section with interested dalrymea
who are anxious to improve their
methods and iacreaso their knowledge
of dairying.
Because there are so many inter
ested dairymen in that sectioc who
wish to learn, the state association de
cided to hold its next convention there
and officers of the association have
every assurance of a larze and Inter.
esting convention. The meetiag will
be held la Greenville, Jan. 5. as 7.
Greenville is the county seat of tond
county, a county that has been espe
cially benefited by dairying, anl the
benefit Is recognized by towns people
as well as by the dairymen them
selves. Sessions of the conveatioa
will be hdd in the court house, and
there will be a store room for the dis
play of daky and creamery machines
and supplies.
The town has a combined creamery
and condensery and a large coadea
sery, the latter being one of the two
large plants in that section of the
state of the Helvetia Milk Condensing
Company. This plant, built to use
40.000 pounds of milk daily, got 70,000
pounds in the flush last summer and
is being enlarged to accommodate an
expected supply of 125.000 daily next
summer. The amount of milk re
ceived by this plant alone gives an
idea of the amount of milk made in
that section and of the importance of
dairying as one of its industries.
Geprge Caven, secretary Illinois State
Dairymen's Association.
Newest in Jewel age.
The underskirt jewel bag is an Eng
lish Idea, aad constitutes a dedded im
provement over the smaller affair
worn with a ribbon around the neck.
Cleverly constructed, this new bag
is worn underneath the dress. It is
made of suede leather in some dark,
useful color, and is lined with silk or
leather. Tbe large pocket which
seems to be placed on the outside ia
the center near the top, has a strong
purse-clasp. Should it ever be pos
sible that this could come unfastened,
it cannot gape open at all when being
worn, on account of the two side flaps
that come over the beck of the pocket
and keep all taut, says the Philadel
phia Public Ledger.
Of the strongest webbing, long
straps are securely fastened at the top
edge of the bag. and at the other end
they meet a waistband of webbing that
buckles firmly around the waist An
other style for this traveling jewel and
money bag is of similar materials, the
large pocket having several compart
ments inside, and the top of the bag
coming over like a flap to fasten with
patent claps.
utten Trimmings.
Buttoas, both gold aad silver, or
rather gilt, as well as rhinestone,
enamel, etc., are being used oa nearly
erery tailored gown one sees. Some
of them are very expensive and most
of them are extremely pretty. They
give the necessary touch of brightness
to otherwise sombre costumes.
Negligee With Stele Cellar.
Simple negligees are always attrac
tive and All so evident a need as to
be counted among the necessities of
the wardrobe. This one can be gath
ered or accordion plaited as preferred
and includes the fashionable wide col
lar with stole ends. The model is
made of pale pink crepe albatross with
the collar of white, edged with a pret
ty fancy braid, but any soft and pliable
fabric Is appropriate and the collar
can be of the material, of contrasting
color, or of silk on wool as may be
liked.
The negligee consists of a shallow
yoke to which the fronts and back
Bodice Qirwies.
The vogue of the deep belt, or girdle,
appears to gain adherents week by
week until no wardrobe is considered
complete that does not include one or
more. These varying styles suit the
needs of varying figures aad are some
full, some plain. As illustrated Num
ber One Is made of black Liberty sat
in. Number Two of black and white
taffeta, Number Three of peau de
cynge and Number Four of crepe de
Chine, but any of the materials used
for bodices of the sort are appropriate
aad the color can be made to suit the
demands of tbe special gown.
The girdles consist of the founda
tion, which Is shaped and fitted to the
mm
ttaftM
of the skirt is tucked to below the
knee and a shirred flounce is applied
beneath the heavy cord. The sleeves
are ia elbow length aad flaished with
a chiffon drapery, while the same gold
cord does duty for a girdle.
Newest Belt Buckles.
All the new belt bnckles come ia
sets of two, the back buckle and the
front clasp buckle. The back buckles
are several inches long aad only
about an inch wide. Oae lovely set
called the colonial set. is in gilt with
a rose desiga picked out ia tiny ptak
corals.
The New Cotton Shirt Waists.
The daiaty girl's shirt waists are
plaia, more often than not of cotton,
the new heavy kind that looks like
wool aad feels like silk, aad her stocks
are taffeta, plain or plaided. aad tied
with a dashing wide bow exactly un
der the chin. Her hats are trim, boy
ish felts with huge pom-poas and soft
silk scarfs. -
buildings and grounds, the chairmen
respectively of the senate and house
committees on library, and the commander-in-chief
of the Grand Army of
the Republic. No part of tbe appro
priation is to be available until a plan
has been definitely settled upon.
Confederate Flag.
The Confederate flag as Anally
adopted by the committee of dele
gates from each of the seceding states
had a red field with a white space
extending horizontally through the
center and equal in width to one-third
the width of the flag; the field of the
Union was blue, extending from the
top to the bottom of the white stripe,
and stopping at the lower red stripe.
In the center of the Union was a cir
cle of white stars, corresponding in
number to that of the states of the
Confederacy. It was practically the
old flag red. white and blue with
three alternate stripes, red and white,
instead of thirteen such stripes.
minted the fowls to roost in the ton
of the apple trees or in any other place
they could find. Some men say that
it is natural for fowls to do that way,
as that was their custom before they
were domesticated. But before they
were domesticated, they lived in a
warmer clime than that prevailing
over the northern United States. We
cannot reasonably expect to get winter
eggs from fowls so housed, and should
not find fault with the fowls for things
directly chargeable to the improvi
dence of their owner. We are satis
fied that many of the mysteries re
ported to us from the poultry yards
of our farms would be made clear
could we but look into those yards and
se the true conditions.
Indoor Lily Culture.
From Farmers' Review: The lily
requires somewhat different treat
ment from the narcissus- and tulip.
It will have two sets of roots under
proper culture one from the base
of the bulb and one from the stalk
above the bulb. In order to provide
for the latter, set the bulbs low in the
pot That is, fill It'to about a third its
depth with soil, and then put in your
bulbs, using three ordinary sized ones
to an eight Inch pot Then just cover
no more after which set the pot
away in dark room. When you bring
it to the light after base roots
have formed, as the stalk reaches
upward, All in about it with earth un
til the pot is full, thus providing for
the proper development and support
of the stalk roots. This is an import
ant item in lily culture.
If the aphis or green plant louse
attacks your bulbs, as ne often will,
get some sulpho-tobacco soap any
dealer in plants or bulbs can furnish
it and use as directed on the can
or wrapper. One or two applications
will put the aphides to rout Ebon E.
Rexford.
Russia as a Butter-Maker.
The Russian government is taking
very dedded action in regard to the
buttermaking industry. If the author
ities named continue to push matters
as earnestly as they are doing at
present it will not be many years be
fore Denmark will And a powerful in
fluence at work in an attempt to oust
her from the English butter market
Russia is not hesitating to spend her
money freely to gain her end. Begin
ning with next year the government
will spend 90,500 roubles a year for
extending the dairy interests of Euro
pean Russia. Siberia is to receive
77,500 roubles a year for the same
purpose. Next year 7,000 roubles are
to be spent in the organizing of butter
making societies in Western Siberia.
The government is to establish this
coming year special testing labora
tories for dairy work In European
Russia, and for this work 5,000 rou
bles have already been appropriated.
Tbe government Is taking the right
course in the employing of special but
ter experts and instructors. These
men, in addition to their other duties,
are organizing special courses of in
struction in dairying. The world is
about to have an illustration of what
a great nation can do when It sets
itself a commerdal task of this kind.
The Russians are evidently deter
mined to make the most of their great
areas of cheap grazing lands.
High Breeding Pays.
From the Farmers' Review: I read
with great pleasure your article in
the November 25 issue op "Dairy
Bulls." That article struck the right
spot with me. In choosing a herd
bull I selected a grandson of Exile of
St. Lambert, but not till I had milked
and tested some of his get The re
sults are that I have some of the
best things in the world. I have
put the price of service by this bull
low enough so that we have obtained
some good calves in this neighbor
hood. Now, it is no trouble to get a
good price for his service. The
World's Fair committee selected one
of my cows for the 90-day test and
tbe committee said: "Ragsdale, you
have as fine a herd, especially of
young things, as there is in tbe
world." That is the result of select
ing a good dairy bull. That article
headed "Dairy Bulls" is worth money
to any man with a dairy herd. Clar
ence Ragsdale, Proprietor Magic City
Stodc Farm, Randolph County, Missouri.
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4M1 Kegllsee with Stole Collar,
32 to 4S bast.
are joined, the full sleeves and the
wide collar. The sleeves are fuller
below the elbows and snugger above
and are gathered into straight cuffs.
When accordion plaiting is preferred
both the fronts and back are cut of
sufficient width and are finely plaited
before being joined to the yoke. The
collar is arranged over the shoulders
and seamed to the neck. Its stole fin
ishing the front.
The quantity of material required
for the medium size is 5 yards 21
laches wide. 5 yards 27 inches wide
or 3 yards 44 inches wide, when
negligee Is gathered; yard 21, 6?8
17 or 3 yards 44 inches wide, when
It is accordion plaited, with yard
of contrasting material for collar and
3 yards of fancy braid to trim as illus
trated. The pattern 4601 Is cut in sizes for
a 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40-inch bust measure.
BodkoOfMUo,
ZB, 24. 21 waist
figure and is used for all, and the full
portion of each.
Number one is shaped and shirred
on indicated lines, then arranged over
the foundation which is boned in order
to retain its shape.
Number two is cut in sections which
are arranged over the foundation and
held by lacings, the whole being boned
at back, sides and front
Number three consists of three por
tions, which are laid in folds, the cea
ter parts being arranged over the cen
tre of the foundation at front and back
and the outer portion shaped to give a
pointed effect at the front where it
terminates and one end is passed
througa an ornamental ring or buckle.
Number four is similar to number
one but is narrower and shows fewer
shlrrings, so being better adapted to
the waists of larger size.
The quantity of material 21 incbes
wide required for the medium size is
1 yard for number one, ?i yards for
number two, 1 yards for number
three and 7 yards for number four.
The pattern 4602 is cut in three
sizes, small or 20 inch waist measure,
medium or 24 inch waist measure and
large or 28 inch waist measure.
Southern Meal Batter Bread.
Beat two eggs light, add a pint of
milk Into which a cupful of cold boiled
rice has been stirred aad beat ia a
teaspooaful of salt into two cups of
southern cornmeal. stir the liquid mix
ture Into this aad bake in shallow
tins. Eat hot, splitting each piece aad
buttering it
Powdered Borax.
Powdered borax is a harmless and
exceedingly useful article to keep In
the house. A tablespoonfu! added to
hard water successfully softens it. It
is an agreeable addition to the dish
water and helps to keep the hands
soft instead of irritating them, as does
soda.
Shirred Waist and Three Piece Skirt
Shirred gowns of soft materials
continue to hold the fancy of woman
Velvet in Great Variety.
Velvet, which is being much used
for visiting and reception gowns, is
of a new and wonderful softness and
conies in many varieties. Besides the
many stamped and printed designs
there are some inlaid with satin spots
and stripes and others of changeable
colors, which shade from brown to
deep orange or from petunia to pale
heliotrope. The trimming of velvet
gowns is, of necessity, simple, and
lace Irish or renaissance is much
used for this purpose.
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To Make a White Gown Smart
A white gown may be made very
smart with a trimming of orchids,
which is expensive to buy, but easy
to make if one can embroider. These
flowers and leaves are appliqued.
They look especially beautiful on gold
and silver cloth.
Changes in Fashion of Sleeves.
Sleeves are certainly growing small-
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doomed to extinction. The ruffled
sleeve reaching to tbe elbow with a
tight-fitting undersleeve is at once
becoming and satisfactory. A gray
velvet is made with a sleeve of this
description, the undersleeve being
tucked gray mousseline de soie. An
other velvet gown, this in champagne
color, has even more abbreviated
sleeves. They are mere shoulder
caps cut in points and almost tight
fitting. Tbe undersleeve is of the
heaviest Russian lace piped except at
the wrist, wiiere they are slightly
fulled. This gown is cut out at the
throat to show a guimp of lace.
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German Coach Horse Breeders.
The members of the German Hano
verian aad Oldenberg Coach Horse
Association of America held a meet
iag ia Chicago during Exposition
week. The following officers were
chosea: President A. B. Holbert.
Greely. Iowa; vice president G. Olt-
watseaa, hl; treasurer. U.
Has His Own Death Warrant
Capt W. G. Watkins of Clinton. Mo..
has in his possession his own death Peppea. Estlline, S. D.; secretary, J.
warrant issued and signed by United ! Crouch, Lafayette, lad. Directors, A.
States officers during the civil war. ! ? Adams. Lafayette, tad.; W. .
Capt Watkins was sentenced to be Lisa, Martinsville, 11L. and W. J.
shot for recruiting Confederate sol- i Wroagatoa, Greely,. Iowa. The fees
dlers inside the union line. He es-! were mxd at 5 for,stalIion and $2.50
caped from Gratiot prison ia St Louis, for suras, when registered by mem
where be was coaflaed, awaitiag the Dtn' nd twice, that for aon-mem-death
penalty, and was never recap- Horses Imported or born dur
turew. Reeeatly Capt WatUae secur- tat Breeeat year must be regis
ed the warrant for lis own deatk. He t-ri T Tea. l. or the fata for regii
BittM tae war relic highly. ' i MsiU bum will be aombled.
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Transpiration of Sap.
The leaves gives out not only the
oxygen derived from the decomposi
tion of carbonic add gas taken from
tbe air and carbonic add gas pro
duced in breathing, but also great
quantities of water vapor, says Gif-
ford Pinchot in a government bulletin.
The amount of water taken up by
the roots Is very much larger than Is
required to be combined with carbon
an4 the earthy constituenta ' ia the
leaves. In order that fresh supplies
of earthy constituents in solution may
reach the leaves rapidly the water al-1
ntadv ia them annst Iia mm nn . v !
way. This is effected by transpira-.
tlon, which is the evaporation of water
from all parts of the tree above
ground, but prindpally from the
leaves. Even where the bark is very
thick, as oa the trunks of old oaks
and chestnuts, traasairatloa goes oa
through tLs leaticels ia tbe bottoms
of the deep cracks'. It sometimes hap
pens, especially in spring before the
leaves -come outr that tjaBanfratioa
can not get rid oTthe water from the
roots as tut as.lt rises aad that it
fans in drops from tbe buds, er later
on even from tat leaven theaiselvas.
Mettles in Butter.
The cause of mottles In butt 27 is
.still not entirely determined. They
may arise from several causes. One
of the principal of these is the un
equal mixing of the salt with the
butter. Sometimes, too, there are dried
flakes of cream on the sides of tbe
vessels in which the cream is held,
and these dried flakes are too har
dened to dissolve la the cream. A
proper handling of the cream before
churning and proper adding of the salt
after churning will generally remove
the'diMculty.
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Flat neck effects prevail.
Lace bands, in some modish
stances, are inlaid.
in-
European Fairs and Markets'.
In several foreign countries there
are "fairs' and markets, some on!.?
annual or occasional aad others fre
quent and periodical, which afford
novel scenes to an American. Al
though curious and entertaining, with
many features which are commenda
ble when local conditions are consid
ered, there Is little about these com
mercial methods or systems which
could be advantageously adopted in
this country. As examples of these
unique dairy markets may be men
tioned the great mart or butter ex
change of Cork, Ireland, the daily auc
tion sales of butter at the Centra!
Markets of Paris, and the market
days ia' many little towns aad vil
lages in Normandy, when the wives
and daughters of the farmers ami
peasants assemble by the auadred in
the park3 or along the streets, 'and
sdl their "mottes" of butter, often ag
gregatlug several tons a day in a
single village, to the represeBtative
of those immense blending-butter fac
tories ia the Isigay district or U.
Maach The cheese fairs at Fromc
Eaglaauy aad Kilmarnock, Scotland
and the. street fairs at Alkmaai'
Hoora aad Utrecht Hollaed, are sinu
larly latxratting in cococctiOB wit;
aettt.--Htary B. Alvord.
Some exquisite floral brooches are
used for linings.
Collars are so deep as to amount to
full-fledged coats.
Widely flowing sleeves seem to
come first in favor.
Round capes seem to be preferred
to pointed hood effects.
Some immense balloon-like sleeves
are caught into ornate flaring cuffs.
The hat that flares up at the left
and away off the face is oftenest seen.
Hand-embroidered robe gowns of
velveteen are among the beautiful
novelties.
Squirrel fur is not seen at all in
Paris this winter and moleskin is
promised as brief a reign.
Beads, buckles, chains and straps
it's enough to make the fashionable
woman feel as if she were ia har
ness. We are still wearing cream and
champagne cqiored cloth and etamine
coats trimmed with silk incrusted lace
of the same color.
The candles will burn slowly and
steadily through the evening if they
are kept on ice all day.
For marks made on painted wood
work by matches, try rubbing first
with a slice of lemon, then with whit
ins, and in a few moments wash with
warm soapsuds.
Pickle bottles and jars that smell
of onions will be quite sweet and odor
less after being left out of doors for
three or four days filled with sand or
garden mold.
Coffee Grounds a Disinfectant
Coffee grounds are generally thrown
away, although they make a capital
disinfectant and deodorizer if they
are burned on a hot fire shovel and
borne through tbe apartment.
Frequent washing with soap win
dim the surface of a mirror. The oc
casional use of alcohol is recommend
ed, but for frequent washing damp
I newspaper with a polishing with cha
mois skin will Keep mirrors and table
glassware in good condition.
The cloths used in waxing floors
or polishing furniture should be Kept
in a covered crock as long as clean,
then, instead of letting them accumu
late in closet or storeroom, burn tbem
immediately, since vegetable oils are
so liable to spontaneous combustion.
! Shirred Waist. 32 to 40 bast.
4S7S Three TiecaSklit, 22 to 30 waist
kind aad are first favorites of the
hour. This one is eminently graceful
and shows the drooping shoulder line
with sbirrines below that give the
desired breadth to tbe figure, and a
graduated flounce finished with wide
tucks. The model Is made of almond
green voile with unlined yoke of
dotted white net and trimming of
cream Venetian lace, the effect of
color being most satisfactory, but va
rious combinations can be made. To
make the gown will be required, for
waist 4& yards 21. 3 yards 27 or 2',
yards 44 inches wide, with VA yards
of all-over lace and ?& yard of net;
for skirt 13 yards 21. 10 yards 27 or
6 yards 44 inches wide. A May
Manton pattern of waist. No. 4392.
sizes 32 to 4, or of skirt No. 4.175.
sizes 22 to HO. will be mailed to any
addrcss on receipt of ten cents for
each.
Woven Jersey.
The woolen jersey woven to simu
late crochet and knitted stitches, ap
peals to the pedestrian, the golfer or
the autoist. Of course, it comes in
white as well as in warm tones of red
and it has lapels and a turn-over col
lar which is neatly finished with a silk
tie and bow.
The small people are also included
in the jersey contingent the useful
and seasonable garments come in all
sizes.
Variety in Silks.
Never were silks more lovely or
more varied. There are a dozen new
weaves, some of the richest showing
dis"ks and figures of velvet ombre of
the color of the ground or a contrast
ing shade. Many of the light-colored
silks are woven with velvet figures,
flowers and leaves of tbe natural col
ors. Martele velvets resemble em
bossed velvets, but have gone through
a slightly different process, giving the
pattern a vague, shadowy effect.
Skirt of Black Broadcloth.
Nothing could be prettier for the
blue-eyed, blond-haired lass than a
short-skirt of black broadcloth, cut so
is to showythe graceful lines of the
iithe young figure, and a black knitted
jacket The latter has knitted revers
in a baby blue running the length of
To make your tumblers look bright,
add a little ammonia to the water in
which they are washed and rinse ia
clean, cold water.
When Making Cakes In greasing
tins for cakes, instead of butter use
lard, as the salt in the butter make3
the rake stick to the tin.
A Use for Stale Bread and Butter
Spread half the slice with jam, cover
with the other half. Cut into neat
squares, dip in batter and fry in boil
ing fat.
If Your Feathers Get Uncurled
Through being out in damp weather.
shake them for a few minutes over
a flr on which you have thrown a
handful of salt.
To Prevent Doors Banging A cork
neatly covered with some dark ma
terial and nailed to the floor about
tliree inches out from the wall will
prevent the dco'r banging back and
spoiling the wail.
Outing Flannel Nightgowns.
Frills of hemstitched China silk are
suggested as an inexpensive and at
tractive trimming for outing flannel
nightgowns. Beading can be used and
through it narrow ribbons may be run,
knotted here and there in loops. Fag
oting can be bought by tbe yard for
very little and will make a pretty in
sertion; or regular lace insertion may
be employed, with ruffles of lace to
match; or, again. Swiss embroidery
with ruffles to correspond.
Spot Embroidery.
Many of the very best French mod
els in gowns, separate waists and
short coats are embroidered with
wafer spots in bilk or wool to match
the fabric. The fashion is suggestive
to the girl who has a plain gown she
wants brightened up. for these wafer
spots are easily embroidered, aad
worked upon bodice and skirt-yoke of
a cloth dress will make it an altogeth
er new garment.
Jtsaders of this paper eaa secure any May
Maatost pattern illustrated atxne by flUln-ous
all felaaks la coupon, and maain. with 10 cents.
toE. Harrison a Co.. S3 Plymouth. Place. Ckl
cego. Pattern will be mailed promptly.
For Evening Wear.
A pretty gown intended for evening
or reception wear is made of white si
cilience. deeply hand tucked and ef
fectively decorated with heavy gold
cords. The corsage yoke is' made of
Name
Towa.
State..
Pattern No...
the blouse front aad the narrow cuffe ! tucked and sbirrcd malice with a
and rather jttffte rolling collar rs of sertaa of cbiffoa, nkicb is knotted at J
me same aeucaiw a 01 me j laiervaia. ici swus upper pwuos ;
Waist Measure (If for skirt)
Bust Measure (if for waist?.
Aze (if cbUd's or miss's patten).
write plalaiy. Fill cut all blanks, rsfloee
Hats.
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