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WITH THE
VCTEB4P
EfttiKai
Choristers.
O wlad and waters, ye alone
Have chanted the primeval tone
Since Nature first began.
All other voices chance, but ye
Abide, the soul of harmony
Interpreting to man.
He listens, and his heart is fain
To fashion an Immortal strain,
Tet hU sablimest lay
Js but the music of a tongue
Attuned to silence, and among
The echoes dies away.
-John B. Tabb. in Atlantic Magazine.
BATTLEFIELDS ARE NOW PARK.
Made
ef Civil War Strife
Places of Beauty.
Oar five great battleield parks, the
aceaea of as many historic episodes of
the dll war, are now on the point
of completion. So far as the govern
ateat's work Is concerned they are
practically f aished. though the states
are still eagaged in erecting monu
BMBta to mark the places where their
own regiments fought and bled. Hun
dreds of such substantial memorials
have been put up at Antietam alone,
auay of them of striking beauty, and
bkmw than $500,000 has been expend
ed for the same purpose at Chicka
smauga, where Georgia. Tennessee.
Msaouri and Maryland have each
uplifted cenotaphs in honor of both
aides la the straggle.
The work of the government in cre
atlag these parks has consisted in
buying the lands, as far as practica
ble, building roads and observation
towers, preparing historical tablets
(of which about 1,000 have been
placed at Chickamauga alone to mark
positions of troops) and erecting mon
uments to the regulars engaged. It
has been the chief aim to restore the
battlelelds and give to them as near
ly as possible the appearance tuey
had when the battles were fought At
ChlckaBMUga more than 300 cannon
have been placed in the positions oc
cupied by the Union and Confederate
batteries, the original guns secured
aad BMHiated on carriages exactly like
those which belonged to them forty
years ago.
The idea of national battlefield
parks originated in the brain of Gen.
H. V. Boyaton, whose proposition to
establish such a memorial at Chicka
mauga was adopted by congress in
180. Chickamauga was the Srst of
these parks, that of Gettysburg hav
iag been up to that date a private
enterprise under the management of
an association representing various
states which had had troops engaged
in the ight. But Gettysburg was tak
en by the government into its own
hands, and afterward the fields of
Shiloh and Vicksburg were similarly
marked out and set aside as historic
and sacred ground.
The Gettysburg park is more prop
erly called by that name than any or
the others. On the field the visitor
cannot drive anywhere he likes, as at
Chickamauga, most of the area being
covered by farms, with strongly
fenced roads. So valuable is the land
that it cannot be bought at a moder
ate price, - and the states have con
tented themselves with purchasing
avenues 100 feet or so in width along
the lines of the battle, at the sides
of which monuments are erected and
tablets set up. Many of the monu
ments are very beautiful and costly.
But the Southerners have not taken
much part or interest in the Gettys
burg park. The government owns
about 1,200 acres there.
la the Vicksburg park Uncle Sam
owns -1,300 acres. It is the newest of
the battlefield parks, and the only one
in which any considerable amount of
work remains to be done by the gov
.ernment. The states have just begun
to pat up monuments there, and Illi
nois, which had the greatest number
5 regiments encaged in that siege,
-recently appropriated $350,000 for the
purpose. The field is on the bluff 100
feet above the river, touching the lat
ter both above and below the city,
aad Its most striking feature topo
graphically is the ridge on which the
Confederate works and batteries were
situated. Deep ravines and spurs of
ridges running out from the hills
make the ground exceedingly rugged.
Some of the caves which the "rebels"
dug for their own concealment still
remain and will be carefully pre
served. The Antietam battlefield, which Is
aow finished, so far as government
work is concerned, is all owned by In
dividuals, only the roads being open.
Its area is gently rolling country, rich
farming land, with a few deep ra
vines, and is easily taken in by
a glance of the eye. Through it run
the ancient Hageretown turnpike and
Sharpaburg road, along which have
been put up tablets that indicate the
movements of troops. The govern
ment owns the roads. All the states
that were represented by troops in the
great fight are erecting monuments.
aad only the other day Ohio dedicated
tea sew ones.
The battlefield of Shiloh is more
heavily wooded than any of the other
parka. Situated about 100 feet above
the Tennessee river, which runs along
its border, it is a rolling country,
with farm clearings here and there.
The government owns thirty miles of
fine reads that run through it in vari
ous directions, as well as 3,000 acres
of Its territory. Many states are at
present engaged in putting up monu
ments on this field particularly Indi
ana, Ohio, Illinois and Pennsylvania.
It should have been mentioned that
Uncle 8am furnishes the foundations
for the state monuments in the vari
ous parks.
The largest sum of money ($1,300,
000) has been spent by the -government
in the great park of Chickamau
ga aad. Chattanooga, which actually
comprises no fewer than seven battle
'lelds those of Chickamauga. Wau
.hatchie. Lookout Mountain, Orchard
Kaoe. Missionary Ridge. Tunnel Hill
aad Ringgold. Extraordinary pains
have been taken to restore this area
to the condition In which it was at
the time of the fighting. Roads opened
riace tftmt date have been closed.
. aad the battle roads have beea opened
'ami improved. Tracts which since
the-awttle had become coveredby a
'heary growth of timber have been
I, and fanners are permitted to
in occupancy of their hold-
iagwiy on condition that they sha'.:
alter eo baildiags aad cut down no
waada or underbrush.
The great park comprises one large
STUM Chickamauga battlefield (ten
dies la extent) aad several
patches, connected .by roads.
-AM the roads over which the contend
ing armies moved have been ceded to
the sjorenuneat by the State of Geor
ail. rrhe Chattanooga portion consists
ari- of roads along the lines of
battle on Missionary Ridge, and over
the point of Lookout Mountain, which
have been similarly ceded by Tennes
see, the system being connected with
the Chickamauga part of the park by
the Lafayette road, leading through
the middle of the principal scene of
operations.
The Crest road on Missionary Ridge
extending eight miles affords one of
the finest drives in the country, over
looking throughout its extent the
plain of Chattanooga and the battle
field of Lookout Mountain. From tall
steel towers erected at two prominent
points on the road the whole theater
of the campaign can be overlooked. A
tract of several acres has been se
cured about the former headquarters
of Gen. Bragg on Missionary Ridge.
Orchard Knob, headquarters of Grant
and Thomas, is part of the park, as is
also the north end of Missionary
Ridge, covering the ground of Gen.
Sherman's assault The roads and de
tached reservations afford excellent
facilities, through monuments, re
stored batteries and historical tablets,
for the complete illustration of all
movements on both sides.
The loss at Chickamauga (33 per
cent in two days) was greater than in
any other fight in the war. At Get
tysburg the loss was 28 per cent in
three days, while Antietam was doubt
less the bloodiest battle of one day.
The government owns eighty miles of
improved roads in this greatest of bat
tlefield parks, the size of which may
be realized when it is stated that the
lines of battle about Chattanooga had
a front of twelve miles, the main
drive from the north end of Mission
ary Ridge to the left of the fighting
ground at Chickamauga covering a
distance of twenty miles and passing
through or overlooking the scene of
severe conflict between veterans of
nearly all the great armies on both
the Union and Confederate sides.
A policy of strict impartiality has
been pursued in the marking out of
the battlefield parks. AH the states,
twenty-eight in number, which were
represented by troops at Chickamau
ga. have had commissions working
with the government commission in
the arrangement of the field of seven
battles. All of these states are now
erecting monuments, which the gov
ernment is supplementing with huge
pyramidal piles of shells to mark the
places where brigade commanders,
federal or confederate, were killed or
mortally wounded. Rene Bache in
Chicago Record-Herald.
The Soldiers' Trust and Faith.
"Speaking of reserves," said the
colonel, "in May, 1SG5, I was at the
Spottswood hotel in Richmond, Va.
Sherman's army had come up on the
6th and had bivouacked on the south
hide of the Jimcs. Those of us, then
serving with the Army of the Poto
mac, met our old comrades of the
Western army at the Spottswood, and
there were a good many good times to
our credit. One day several officers
of the Army of the Potomac and as
many of Sherman's army were sitting
in front of the hotel when a soldier
slightly the worse for liquor stopped
in front of the group and said with
out ceremony: 'I put my faith in
Gen. Grant' No one replying he re
peated with a challenge in his voice:
l put my faith in Gen. Grant!' There
upon one of Sherman's officers said
pleasantly: 'My man, I commend your
trust in Gen. Grant, but I put my
faith in GvkI.'
"The soldier stood silent for a min
ute as if puzzled for a reply. He
then raised his right hand, passed it
over his face, wiped his mouth and
chin, and straightening himself said:
'I thought you were one of Bill Sher
man's fighters, and that proves it I
put my trust in Gen. Grant, and when
I have to fall back I put my faith in
God. That is my last reserve. But
where in Sam Hill is your reserve?'
The officer began to say that Sher
man's men went in without reserves,
but stopped and laughed, and as the
soldier walked away we all laughed."
Chicago Inter Ocean.
Army of the Ohio Society Officers.
The following officers of the Society
of the Army of the Ohio were elected
at the annual meeting held recently
in Washington: President, Lieutenant
General John M. Schofield, U. S. A.:
first vice president. Gen. Thomas J.
Henderson, late colonel 112th Illi
nois; vice president for District of
Columbia. Capt George Redway,
Washington; treasurer. Major J. F.
Stewart. 39th Kentucky. Pension Of
fice; secretary and historian, Prof.
J. Fraise Richard. 111th Ohio, Wash
ington. Executive Committee Capt.
A. F. McMillan, chairman; Capt J. L.
Thornton. Col. John A. Joyce, Capt.
G. A. Lyon. Capt. R. A. Kagan, T.
W. Tallmadge and N. X. McCullough.
Publication Committee Capt. J. C.
Morgan. Avem Pearson. Col. John B.
Brownlow, Capt. E. A. Fenton. Lieut.
J. H. Simpson, Capt. Robert Armour
and Lieut. N. H. Merrill.
The Annual Inspections.
The months of November and De
cember are always seasons of great
activity in the posts of the Grand
Army of the Republic. In November
the annual inspections are held, and
the various posts are making up their
books and papers in anticipation of
the visits of the department inspector
and his assistants. These inspections
must be made in time to enable the
officers making them to have their re
ports ready of department headquar
ters before Dec. 20, as required by
the regulations. The various posts
are also busy arranging for the annual
election of officers. The contests are
conducted in a friendly spirit, and
after the election all the comrades
work together for the benefit of the
organization.
Battery Never in Battle.
"Capt E. R. P. Shurley." said a vet
eran, "used to tell the story of a bat
teiy of artillery that was never at the
front, and yet was on active and im
portant duty from the day the men
were enlisted to the day they were
mustered out. This was the Twentv
fourth Ohio battery, organized in Au
gust, 1864. and sent immediately to
Johnson's island in anticipation of an
attempt to release the rebel prison
ers on that point The attempt was
not made, and on the 27th of August
the battery was ordered to Camp
Douglas. Chicago, where it remained
until June 10, 1865. It was one of
the best drilled and best disciplined
batteries' in the service, and yet It
never fired a shot in battle."
Dumphy had ducked the dough-boys Dumphy had bucked at beans.
For most of a week he wouldn't speak, but he chopped like four machines.
He hadn't p word for no one, not even
for me and Mike.
And whenever we spoke or tried to Joke,
he growled like a Chessy tyke.
When Bill, the P. 1., fiddled, or Charley
Canuck would Jig,
Dumphy would crawl to the dark o' the
wail and sog tlcre like a pig..
Daytime he chopped like fury nighttime
he hugged his bunk,
Physog as long as a board in house arm,
and chawin some bitter hunk.
And the deacon-seat crowd it wondered,
for we sartinly liked the lad.
But he wouldn't let out what it all was
about, though we saw he was havin'
it bad.
Some allowed he was homesick, while
others said 'twas wuss.
For Tote-team Jake had heard at the
lake that 'twas sort of a family fuss.
If 'twas family fuss we were sorry we
wondered how it began.
And this as because young Dumphy was
our only family man.
Now family men. I don't care who, be
long at home with their broods,
Xo hearts will ache nor grieve for sake
of us lonesome old chaps o the
woods.
Some others hung sleeves and legglns
the boss hung a rubber boot
Twas Christmas eve, and we made
believe. Jest the lark of a Christ
mas toot!
Hero's good health to ye, family
man.
Wherever ye've built your nest:
Ye'vc more than your share of the
good things, but there!
We reckon it's all for the best.
There's an arm for your neck and a kiss for your cheek
When there's trouble ahead or your courage Is weak.
And comfort and courage and grit you will need.
With a wife and some youuker to house and to feed.
Cod bless you with patience and peace and with goods.
Is the very best wish of us men o' the woods,
L's lonesome old bachs of peavies and patches.
Bills. Jimmies and Jacks, o' the Ax.
The cook he had hung a shoe-nac. the cokee hung one, too.
And Lrrigaii Joe a sock with a toe the only whole sock in the crew.
Some others hung sleeves and leggln's
the boss hung a rubber-boot.
'Twas Christmas eve and we made be
lieve! Jest the lark of a Christmas
toot!
We hadn't thought of presents why, the
most of us never had hung
A stockin' up at the chimney-side even
when we were young.
It was only a- bit of foolhi", and a part of
our ev'nln' plan
Was a Santy Claus, and Dumphy was our
only family man.
We dug him out of his blankets and
hauled him out to the light.
His eyes were red with tears he had
shed, but now he wanted to fight.
And screaming a string of curses, he
struck as he raved and swore.
Floored Joe Lacrosse and the swampin's
bohS, and announced he was ready
for more.
But no one was 'specially anxious and we
backed away, because
Good will to men was not jest then in the
eye of our Santy Claus.
The boss was a-thinkin to swat .him,
but allowed he had better not.
For 'twas trouble bad that Dumphy had,
whatever It was he'd got.
So back in his bunk he butted unsociable
kind of a goat
While our pryin cook was takin a look
at a letter that dropped from his
coat.
There's sometimes a grief for ye,
family man.
And screaming a string of curses, he
struck as he raved and swore,
Floored Joe Lacrosse and the swamp
ins' hoss. and announced he was
ready for more.
'A
And it's wicked y'd better believe.
When ye find that there's trouble piled heavy and double,
On the poor little home that ye leave.
There are sharks who are hungry when money is due.
And a man is away in the woods with a crew;
Shiverin' babies and heart-biokcn wife
Don't hinder the Shylocks who're out with a knife.
And the tear-spotted letter that cook choked and read
Was writ from a poorhouse and "baby was dead."
One after the oilier, we forty-five men.
Kissed where the kisses were marked by her pen.
Kissed on the smooches of littje ones' smacks.
We lonesome old baches of peavies and patches,
Bills. Jimmies and Jacks o the Ax.
Boss he fair, square blubbered-cook he blubbered, too.
Thcie wasn't a face in all the place but glistened with tears like dew.
nd Joe throwed galley-esfard the duds the crew had hung,
lor v.e know nI that jfke to Dumphy spoke of empty stockin's hang;
We all of us saw a pietur' of ounj,i.i.e.-a
wonderin' why
Old Santy Claus. like other friends, had
passed that poorhouse by.
We looked to Dumphy's corner, where he
curled with burled head.
But his grief and tears stopped eyes and
ears to all we did or said.
"Dang rat the man that's secret,"
growled the boss, "but others can
Be jest as clus as that secret cuss, our
only family man."
Then boss he fetched a pen-stock and
thawed the yaller ink.
And he scratchity-scratched a writin and
he wunk a wettish wink;
He whispered. "There's an order for thir
ty days o my pay;
Ifthe rest of ye's men ye'll take that pen
," and do a stunt my way."
We fought to get that, pen-stock, and
them as couldn't write
They had the boss attest their cross to
make their writin' tight.
When all had made their papers, he
stacked a reg'Iar dome.
Says he, "It's done! Less rum and fun,
but. boys, there lays a HOME!"
Then he clinched his fist and muttered
as he turned to Long-geared Mike.
"Ye're Santy Claus for us, because ye've
got the legs to hike.
Take snowshoes to the carry, catch tote
team to North Twin,
Then huff it again to strike the train and
cash them orders in.
Then stivver it to, that poorhouse where
she has said they be
Ye're startin NOW. and we don't allow for sleep nor stop-offs see!
It's a blame dark night, but ye're startin' NOW. and If for any cause
Them babies cry termorrer night. Gawd help ye, Santy Claus."
Here's a good health to ye. family man.
From the depth of our hearts and the woods;
Boughs for our bunks and salt hoss In junks
And a very light load of world's goods.
Keep your neck near the arms and your cheek near the kiss,
And never come here to the troubles o This.
God bless ye with plenty, and strength to the arm
That shelters the wife and the babies from harm.
We've tasted of life and we know what It lacks
We lonesome old baches of peavies and patches.
Bills, Jimmies and Jacks o' the Axe.
The Meat af Angerae.
Geo. F. Thompson, of the Baream of
Aalmal ladustry. writes: In building
op a flock of Angoras from common
goats, the males mast not be permit
ted to grow into bucks of breeding
age; and even among the high grades
there are comparatively few backs
that should be retained as such for
breeding purposes. They should be
castrated early. The great majority
of these wethers, especially if they
are of the first or second cross, do
not produce sunlcJent mohair of good
quality to warrant flock raisers in
keeping them. These should be con
verted into meat as soon as large
enough. Those wethers and does
which produce a fair quality of mo
hair may be retained for that purpose
for a few years and then killed for
meat They are not, however, so good
for this purpose as the younger ani
mals. There is a deep-seated prejudice
as has already been stated against
the use of goats of any kind for meat
This is founded upon Ignorance rather
than experience. The most ill-smelling
"blily" of the worst possible type
Is by many made the standard of goat
meat for the whole of the goat family.
As far back as Abraham's day we
read of goats being used for meat
(very likely Angoras), and this, too,
when there were many cattle and
sheep. Certainly no prejudice existed
against them at that time.
There Is not much to be said about
the meat of the common goat It is
not so generally used as that of An
goras. The flesh cf their kids is con
sidered very fine, and in some sec
tions of the country goats, of all ages
are killed for meat There are com
paratively few common goats in the
United States, and no attempt Is be
ing made to put them upon the mar
ket The current report that goats
are sold to the packers in the large
cities for canning purposes is true
in the main, but refers to the Angora
grades. The flesh of the Angora Is
exceedingly nutritious and palatable.
Shropshire lambs, which are consid
ered as among the best kinds of meat,
are said not to be superior to a well
fed and well-cooked kid. In the South
west these animals are as readily sold
for meat as sheep and the market
has never been overstocked. A gen
tleman in Texas found a ready market
for his canned Angora mutton, but
was compelled to close his cannery
because the supply of goats was not
nearly sufficient to supply the de
mand. In the Northwest the principal
use of the Angora is for clearing
bushy land and consequently they are
not so extensively used as food. How
ever in nearly every locality there
some have been killed for mutton, and
there has never been a derogatory
statement concerning its quality, so
far as the writer Is able to learn.
. The Origin of Varieties.
Beginning at the beginning, we And
that the first specific interest in culti
vated plants was in the gross kind of
species, said Prof. L. H. Bailey in
an address to nurserymen. As
the contact with plants became
more intimate, various indefinite
form-groups were recognized within
the limits of the species. Gradual
ly, with the intensifying of domesti
cation aad cultivation, very par
ticular groups appeared and were
recognlxed. These smaller groups
came finally to be designated by
names, and the Idea of the definite
homogeneous cultural variety came
into existence. The discrimination
was still further denned when it came
to be recognized that grafts and cut
ungs will perpetuate the characteris
tics of given plants. The period of
transition from seedling propagation
to graft propagation has been an im
portant one for every fruit tree. Such
a transition marks the rise of the
orange Industry in Florida. The dis
pute about the necessity of grafting
(or budding) the pecan is the begin
ning of a similar transition period for
that fntit. We have long since passed
this period for all the common or
chard fruits.
The variety conception is really a
late idea of the development of the
human race. It is practically only
within the past two centuries that
cultivated varieties of plants have
been recognized as being worthy of
receiving designated names. It is
within this period, also, tuat most of
the great breeds of animals have been
defined and separately named. All
this measures the increasing intimacy
of our contact with domesticated
plants and animals. It is a record of
our progress. The people that are
most advanced in the cultivation of
any plant are the ones that have the
greatest number of named varieties of
that plant In Japan, to this day, the
plums often pass under ill-defined
class names. We have Introduced
these classes into this country, have
sorted out the particular forms that
promise to be of value to us, and
have given them specific American
names. Not long ago a native profes
sor In Japan wrote me for cions of
these plums, In order that he might
introduce Japanese plums into Japan.
The Russian apples are designated to
some extent by class names. What
constitutes a variety is Increasingly
more difficult to define, because we
are constantly differentiating on small
er points. The growth of the variety
conception is the growth of the power
of analysis.
NEWS IN NEBRASKA
U
"It's a blame dark night, but ye're
startin' NOW, and if for any cause
Them babies cry termorrer night
Gawd help ye, Santy Claus!"
mMm&Enr 1 heard the bells on Christmas Day . eBF
Tendency to Reversion.
Like does not always produce like.
Male and female of the same breed,
or even of the same family, when
mated, produce progeny exhibiting
notable individual differences. This
tendency to variety is sometimes ex
aggerated and "sports," as the horti
culturist terms them, result These
variations have afforded materials
from which have been formed the
numerous so-called breeds of horses,
cattle, sheep, dogs and pigeons. This
variation is sometimes traceable to
the law of reversion, or the appear
ance of ancestral characters. Exam
ples of reversion are constantly met
with, and are especially frequent
where short-pedigreed, crossbred or
otherwise faulty sires have been used.
Amongst the heavier breed of horses
the light carcass and thriftless habit,
rough, coarse, round limbs, short pas
terns, predisposing to ringbone, as well
as peculiarities of gait or temper,
which have marred the remote an
cestors, are liable to appear in their
descendants of the third and fourth
generation. Amongst some of our
longest cultivated white breeds of
hornless sheep occasional individuals
appear with black spots and rudimen
tary horns, testifying to the persistent
descent of ancient characters which
crop up after having remained latent
for several generations. Darwin, in
his work on "Animals and Plants Un
der Domestication," records a remark
able instance of this persistence of
ancestral characters In pigeons. The
numerous varieties, differing so great
ly in color, feather, and even in struc
ture, are descended from the Blue
Rock, which has a slatey blue color
and dark bars on the wing feathers.
.. T..i3.m .w4m 4lA lt..A w1ai
ill Iuauy U1UUC1U suiia iuo ww ah
and feather markings have disap
peared; but, although absent for gen
erations, when two of these varieties
are crossed the ancient insignia reap
pear in many of the progeny. In mold
ing animals for special uses and main,
taining acquired types breeders have
constantly to battle with this ten
dency to reversion. In a few genera
tions the numerous artificial varieties
of pigeons, if allowed naturally to in
termix, would revert to the original
Blue Bock. Modern dairy cows,
amidst unfavorable surroundings, in
much less time than it has taken to
bring tLem to their profitable yield
of milk, would furnish only sufficient
for their own calf. Thomas McFar-lane.
How Location Affects Grain.
At the Tennessee station a good
many varieties of wheat have been
tried and among them some that had
done very well on other soils aad in
distant parts of the country. Rela
tive to this Prof. Soule says:
Some varieties that have made poor
yields and cannot be regarded as of
any value for culture in Tennessee
have a remarkably high protein con
tent for one or more years. In 1S0
Rice wheat contained 2L12 per cent
of protein, the average for four years
being 17.28. Blue Straw Fultz, Beech
Wood's Hybrid, Valley and Rural New
Yorker No. 6 all had between 16 and
1? per cent of protein. Some of these
varieties are regarded as poor for
milling purposes and low in protein
In sections of the country where they
are quite extensively grown, and these
facts lead to the conclusion that cli
matic and soil conditions have a de
cided influence on the protein content
I heard the bells on Christmas Day
Their old familiar carols play.
And wild and sweet
The words repeat
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!
And thought bow, as the day had come.
The belfries of all Christendom
i Had rolled along
The unbroken song
.Of peace on earth, good-will to men!
Till ringing, singing on Its way.
The world revolved from night to day,
A voice, a chime.
A chant sublime
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!
Then from each black accursed mouth
The cannon thundered in the 8outh,
And with the sound
The carols drowned
Of peace on earth, good-will to men!
Swiss Dairy Cattle.
The cattle of the several cantons of
Switzerland noted for their dairying
differ mainly in color and name. The
Bernoise, Fribourgeolse and Simmen
thai cattle are all spotted, and have
yellows, reds and browns mixed with
white in varying degrees and an in
finity of patterns. Those with red or
yellow spots usually have light muz
zles and switches, while black noses
and tails accompany the brown and
black spots. The Schwyz breed, bet
ter known as the Brown Swiss, has
been established in the United States
for about thirty years. AH these
Swiss cattle are exceedingly coarse
boned, large framed and heavy. They
are exceedingly active for their size,
famous mountain climbers, but carry
a great superfluity of flesh for dairy
animals, hardly compensated for by
their performances at the paiL The
Slmmenthals are the. largest and by
some preferred for milch stock, but
unbiased Judges generally give the
Brown Swiss first place for dairy pur
poses. In America the last-named
race has Included cows which have
made famous records in milk and but
ter production; but as a whole, all
Swiss cattle must be here regarded
as of the "dual-purpose" kind, and
this means that they are not expected
to add much to the value of our dairy
jtock. Henry E. Alvord.
The Mare and the Foal.
Mares after being bred should not
be worked for a few days, after which
they may be worked right up to the
day they foal, providing you have the
right kind of work for them to do,
writes John Gardhouse. They should
not be hitched to any very heavy
loads, or on to a tongue that will
strike them in the side, and they
should not be backed when heavy with
foal. After fall plowing Is done and
you have no further work for them,
do not tie them in the stable and let
them stand without any exercise; that
is too sudden a change. Let them out
in the yard for exercise every after
noon, unless very stormy. A few
weeks before foaling, feed little
flaxseed along with boiled oats and
bran. Never allow the foal to run
after the mare when working. Al
ways keep it in a loose box, well
bedded, and with plenty of light,
but no holes which it can get Its
head through. Always give the foal
a little feed when you take the mare
out. Unless you are working a long
distance from the barn, it will pay to
take the mare in during the forenoon
and afternoon, giving her a drink and
a handful of oats, and let the foal
suck, thus helping the mare and also
the foal. When the foal Is weaned,
feed it often with good clover hay,
chopped oats and bran, and all the
milk it will take. Winter well the first
winter. Many foals are allowed to
winter around straw stacks and on
poor, dry feed, and are very little
heavier in the spring than when
weaned in the fall.
"Pasteurized" Milk.
"Tour note on this subject reminds
me," writes a provincial doctor to the
Westminster Gazette, "of an incident
within my personal knowledge. The
corporation of a certain city invited
tenders for a supply of milk for a
special purpose, and amongst other
tenders received one in which it was
stated that the milk supplied would
bo 'Pasteurized.' This applicant was
not successful, and when pointing out
afterwards to one of the officials of
the corporation in question the su
periority that this treatment gave
to his milk, was told that this nad
been taken into consideration, but that
the committee who decided the mat
ter had been officially assured that
as the milk of the successful appli
cant was obtained from grass-fed cat
tle, It was also 'pasturized.' so there
was no difference between them!"
Many a man thinks he is reasoning
with yon when he In merely arguing.
Killing Hawks.
The usual way of getting rid of the
hawk is to use a good gun, trusting
it to the hands of some man that
knows how to shoot straight An
other way is to set up a pole not far
from the poultry yard, and make it
in every way a suitable resting place
for the hawk. If be has an eye to
business ha will now and then light
on the top to rest and lay his plans
lor catching a fat fowl. After a visit
or two place a common steel trap on
top of the pole. The chances are that
the hawk will make one visit too I
ny.
THK STATE IN A NUTSHELL.
Several of Fremont's school children
are down with the mumps.
Mint Mae Phillips and Miss Minnie
Nelson are holding revival services- In
Nemaha, with encouraging success.
Nebraska's figures on crops for 193
show the following: Wheat. 43.6S0.318
bushels; corn. 1C9.3.965 bushels;
oats. CC.619,504 bnshels; rye, 10,105.
700 bushels.
John Wesce, while hunting one mile
west of Papillion. short n large gray
wolf. These animals are very scarce
in that part of the country, none hav
ing been seen for several years.
Mrs. George Tmlllnger of Nebraska
City, who was badly burned by the
explosion of a can of coal oil. with
which she was trying to liven up the
I fire in the kitchen range, died from
the effects of her burns.
Rev. W. H. Parker, pastor of the
Presbyterian church at Table Rock
for the past five years, preached his
farewell sermon to the congregation
last Sunday. He will leave for his
new charge at Carlinville. III., in about
ten days.
The aggregate bank statements for
all towns in Dodge county show these
items: Loans, $3,053,724.83; deposits.
S3.005.113.5S: cash aad reserves. S62,
788.17. There are eighteen banks in
tne county, six of them being located
in Fremont.
The Murdock store at Springfield
has beea closed by creditors, with lia
bilities of $8,000. W. H. Davidson has
been appointed receiver for the store.
It is said that the establishment has
been doing a good business and its
failure causes much comment
A corn show will be a feature of the
coming Johnson county farmers' insti
tute, which will be held in Tecumseh;
February 10 and 11. Premiums will be
given for the best displays of corn'.
and this corn will be turned over to the
state commission for exhibition in St.
Louis next year.
Governor Mickey announced that a
mandamus suit might be brought to
enjoin the auditor from paying salaries
to officers in appointive departments
of the state government. The ques
tion came up while an investigation
was being made to determine whether
or not the governor was liable on his
bond for any shortage on the part of
these fflcers.
Prof. Morey, superintendent of the
Institute for the blind at Nebraska
City, is so proud of the work done by
his pupils and so anxious that the
public should know what a blind boy
or girl may be taught to do that he
has asked the governor's permission
to select a company of the inmates and
give entertainments in the larger
towns this winter.
J. T. Royston of St Edward has
been making arrangements, now al
most completed, to move his milling
business to Fremont. He expects to
build there a mill of 300 barrels per
day capacity, with an elevator and
three large steel storage teaks in
connection. Several sites for the
plant are in view, and it will probably
be located on the Union Pacific rail
road's right of way.
"I am going to my grandma In Iowa
if I have to walk all the way." said
little Kittie Cameron, a 13-year-old
girl of Petersburg, when something
went wrong the other day. and she
has not been seen at home since. One
neighbor passed her a day later eight
miles away walking toward the state
of Iowa as fast as her little legs could
carry her frail, cold form, but nothing
else has been heard from Kittie.
The condemned cannon which the
Grand Army post of Tecumseh secur
ed from Fort Constitution, N. H.;
through the assistance of Congress
man E. J. Burkett, has arrived. It will
be taken to the court yard and in
the spring a suitable concrete and
stone foundation will be provided for
mounting it. It is a 100-pound Par
riott gun. is about fourteen feet long
and weighs 12,000 pounds.
John Holechek. a young farmer who
lives a few miles south of Humboldt.
had a miraculous escape from violent
death. He had been hauling grain to
the elevator and was just starting
home. When crossing the tracks he
caught sight of the fast Biliings-St.
Joseph passenger train too late to stop
and jumped from the rear of the wag
on just as the train struck it with ter
rific force. Both horses were instant
ly killed.
A. A. Langston of Fremont, who
tried to commit suicide about three
months ago by cutting bis throat with
a piece of glass, made another unsuc
cessful attempt. He first tried to cut
his throat with a pocketknife. but the
knife was dull and his knowledge of
anatomy rather deficient, and instead
of severing an artery he only made
several jagged wounds below the right
car. which bled profusely and were
painful. He then decided to try the
gunshot route, but in this. was also un
successful. The new Auditorium at Orleans was
formally opened. It is the first city in
Nebraska to build an auditorium for
the use of its citizens. The structure
has a seating capacity of 800. with a
state twenty by thirty-six feet, aad is
equipped with an excellent line of scen
ery. It is lighted by gas.
William L. Colder of Scribaer died
at Riverside. Cal., where he had gone
with his wife six weeks ago to spend
the winter. His demise was due to
stomach trouble, believed to be can
cer. Mr. Golder bad lived la Dodge
county for thirty-five years.
Mrs. Patrick Murphy of Rock coun
ty sent her 10-year-old boy on horse
back to a neighbor's a couple of miles
distant on an errand. Two hours Utt
er the horse returned home without
the boy. &tr. Murphy was away from
home and the mother, being alone with
smaller children, was unable to give
the alarm until morning. A search
was Instituted at daylight and the boy
was soon found, lying dead by th?
roadside. The theory is that he was
thrown from his horse and so badly
stunned that he froze to death before
regaining consciousness.
A collision in the railroad yards a?
Beaver City resulted In damage to
two eBglnes and several box cars. A
large quantity of wheat was spilled on
APVOHTIONS SCHOOL MONEY.
tata imiflwliaisiit Pawtar Nstlfita
Canmien af Anammt Una aTaah.
owe TWiSffaMsadsat Fowler ail
his report of the naartlaamt
of school moneys. The cauatles have
divided among them t25t.43t.43. which
la 7,3 cents per pupil for a total
number of 37C.343. The money was
derived from these aoarcea: State tax.
$8,771.94: Interest on school and sa
line las jow, $42,791.27; Interest on
achool and saiine lands leased. $5C,S43.
48; interest on United States bonds,
county bonds; and school district
bonds. $7.82J2; interest on state
warrants. $18,038.34; fish aad game li
pases. $1,847.00; emblamera' balance.
W: less warrant No. 5525 for $4.37.
Douglas county lands first with th,.
largest number of pupils. 42.002. among
waicn is rpportioned $28.51.42. Fol
lowing is tae report in detail:
No. of
county. Scholar.
Adama 7.93
Antelope
Banner . . .
Blutne
Boone
Bo Butte
Boyd ......
Brown
Buffalo ...
Burt
Butler
Cass
Cedar
Chase
Cherry
Cheyenne .
Clay .......
Colfax ....
Cuming; ..-.
Custer
Dakota ...
Dawes ....
Dawson . . .
4.722
171
4.434
i.esz
5.330
1.233
".
4.527
."..629
7.478
MS
927
l.Sli
l.05
5.519
4.3.14
5.60
7.849
2.329
1.835
.4 t
Deuel os
Dixon
Docae
Douglas
Dundy
Fillmore
Franklin
Frontier
Furnas
Gage ...
Garneld
Gosper
Grant
Greeley
4.6-79
7.6S6
42.(2
869
5.467
3.489
2.919
4.093
19.542
C73
1.805
299
1.589
H" 5.38
Hamilton 4.945
Harlan 3.195
Hayes s99
Hitchcock 1.594
Hlt 4.797
Hooker i58
Howard 4,-33
Jefferson 5.333
Johnson 4.086
tvearney 3,5s!
Keith
Keya Paha
Kimball
Knox
Lancaster . .
Lincoln ....
Log-an
Loup
Mudlson ...
McPherson .
Merrick ....
660
1.158
287
5.862
22.072
.93
345
582
6.290
112
3.12J
Nance 2.914
Nemaha 5.049
Nuckolls 4.363
Otoe 7.U8
Pawnee 4.221
Perkins 607
Phelps 3,545
Pierce 3.444
Platte 6,538
Polk 4.027
Red Willow 3.114
Richardson 6.689
Rock 1.146
Saline 6,679
Sarpy 3,127
Saunders 8.077
Scott's Bluff 1.141
Seward 5.643
Sheridan 1.853
Sherman 2.681
Sioux 597
Stanton 2.734
Thayer &.9l
Thomas 207
Thurston 2.106
Valley 2.896
Washington 4.602
Wayne 3.772
Webster 4.925
Wheeler 483
Tork 6.283
Amt. Due.
S 5.383.92
3.293.99
171.77
- 116.10
3.919.38
1.128.38
2.274.42
850.70
5.369.66
3.073.52
3.821.79
5.977.04
3.434.93
629.37
1.232.26
1.988.33
3.740.91
2.942.48
3.808.12
5.328.92
1.581.23
1.245.84
3.939.67.
472.54
2.769.36
5.216.2
28.516.42
569.9
3.711.71.
2.362.68;
1.9S1.S0
2.71 7.76
7.157.28
592.71
1.225.47
141.90
1.751.64
4.031.49
3.357.31
3.169.18
610.36
1.082.22
3.256.82
107.27
2.S73.91
3.620.73
2.774.11
2.431.25
448.09
786.29
194.85
3.979.89
14.985.34
2.670.23
234.23
395.1 1
4.279.47
76.04
2.123.02
1.978.40
3.427.92
2.962.17
4.SS0.15
2.865.76
344.22
2.406.81
2.338.24
4.438.85 .
2.734.05
2.317.87
4.541.36
778.05
4.534.57
2.123.01
5.483.72
774.66
3.831.20
1.258.06
1.820.21
405.32
1.856.19
3.592.22
149.54
1.429.83
1.966.18
3.124.44
2.560.92
2.732.69
327.92
4.265.72
Total
..376.303 3255.483.48
Has Faith in Dewie.
HUMBOLDT Mr. O. W. Davis, un
til two years ago a well known news
paper man of southeastern Nebraska,
has been heard from in a recent letter
to Inform his Nebraska friends that
"all is well in Zion." where Mr. Davi;
has invested considerable capital i
the industries carried on there, aft
disposing of the Index and other prop
erty at Salem.
Machine Which Never Step.
NEHAWKA Bert Painter of this
place has discovered perpetual motion,
he claims. He has invented a ma
chine which has ma seven weeks with
out stopping and without any appar
ent loss of energy. He is having a
model made on which he hopes to se
cure a patent.
Man Is bat clay, and sometimes his
name Is "mud."
He Thieves Busy.
FREMONT Hog thieves made a
raid southeast of Hooper a few nights
ago. At Mrs. McMuilea's place they
took two fat hogs, and three at Charles
Ladd's home. Tracks in the snow
showed that probably two men did the
job. hauling of the plunder in a farm
wagon. One of the hogs, the trad
showed, got out of the wagon after
having gone about a half n mile aad
the next morning was back in Its
pen. Thus far the thieves have aot
been apprehended.
! the ground. Engine No. 241. running
extra and heavily loaded, ran through
an open switch and crashed Into the
rear end of engine No. 280. standing
on a siding.
The Henry Dare Packing company
of South Omaha is a new orgaalxatloa
that filed articles of Incorporation with
the secretary of state. -Its capital
stock Is $10,000, of which $4,000 Is paid
up.
Inspects idlers Heme.
Secretary Davis of the Shite Board
of Charity, aad Corrections has re
turned from a trip to Grand Island,
where he went to inspect the soldiers'
home and to discuss the tram proposi
tion with the Board of County Com
missioners. He reported the home to
be In excellent condition and the la
mates well satisfied. He still adheres to
his former contention that the soldiers
would fare, much better If the Grand
Island liquor houses were farther away
and tae men kept from them.
tuddsnly I weans.
OSCEOLA One of the old pilgrims,
aad the last of the family of Stever
Henry Clay Stevens, has 'been 111 fo
several weeks aad it. has develop
that his reason is gone and that he
must be watched.
NORFOLK C. C. Hughes, general
superintendent of the Northwestern
railroad, has arrived in Norfolk and
is now located hi his new headquar
ters in tarn city.
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