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One Kind of Generosity.
I am not one of those who try
To rake In nil In sight:
My little wants I must supply.
And that Is only right.
No man In vain to me will plead
When of his all bereft;
When I have taken what I need
He can have all that's left.
I like to see my neighbor thri-e;
I'm pleased with his success.
To nee him barely keep alive
Will cause mc great distress.
I have no sentiments of creed
Or envy In my breast.
When I have taken what I need
He can have all the rest.
'Need's" not the word I should crnploy-
What I "require." perhaps
My luxuries I must enjoy:
I can't put up with scrap". ' ,.
I'm not at all disposed to shake m
Off my well-gotten gains.
But any one may freely take
What after me remains.
Chicago News.
Andersonville Prison Grounds.
With thirty-three Pittsburg veter
ans in Pullman coaches as the ad
vance guard. Gov. Pennypacker and
his staff on Nov. 7 inaugurated a new
invasion of the South.
Andersonville. Ga., tho scene of so
much misery and suffering for Union
soldiers where 13.710 men. nearly
76 per csnt tnoso confined in that
inglorious stockade, met their death
was the chief destination of the vet
erans. There on November 12 they
dedicated to their dead comrades a
monument During the trip two other
monuments to Pennsylvania soldiers
were dedicated one to the dead of the
Seventy-fourth Pennsylvania regiment
on Missionary Ridge. Chattanooga,
and another to the heroes of tho Sev-enty-seventh
at Shiloh.
The invasion was carried out In two
lines, one from the eastern part of the
state and another from the western.
Through an art of the Pennsylvania
legislature $10,000 was provided for
the erection of a monument to the
prisoners from Pennsylvania regi
ments who died at Andersonville.;
15,000 was also provided to furnish
transportation for all survivors of
those prison days that they might en
joy the trip south and be present at
the dedication.
The amount provided was sufficient
to erect the handsomest monument
that adorns the National cemetery. It
1. Caretaker's house, erected by W. R-
c
2. Situation of "Providence Spring."
5. Site of monument.
4. Outline of present property.
6. Outline of stockade enclosing pris
oners. C. Outline of outer stockade.
7. "Dead line."
5. Confederate forts and batteries.
9. Main forts of Fort Star, southwest
corner.
10. Rite of gallows where marauders
wre hung.
11. Powder magazine In Star Fort
12. Site of Captain Wirtz's headquar
ters. 13. Gate to roadway leading to ceme
tery. 14. Wells and tunnels dug by prison
ers. 15. Site of de.nl house.
lfi. Entrenched camp for guards.
17. Roadway leading to railroad sta
tion. 18. Stockade Creek, a branch of
Sweetwater.
19. North gate of stockade.
20. South gate of stockade.
21. Flagstaff.
is of canopy shape and thirty-three
feet three inches in height from its
base to the top of the bronze figure
which represents a prisoner of war.
It rests upon a stone base four feet
high and is surrounded by three gran
ite stepseach two feet thick. At the
base it is twenty feet square nad its
main structure stands t-vjnty-five
feet high.
Entrance to the interior is gained
through two Gothic- arched openings
facing east and west. 13 feet G inches
in height The interior is floored with
Italian and Georgia marble, in which
are inserted three large bronze tab
let, one containing the act authoriz
ing the erection of the monument, one
the names of the committee appointed
by Gov. Pennypacker and the third
a relief picture representing the
breaking forth of Providence Spring.
The story of the spring Is one of the
most interesting in the annals of An
dersonville. When the soldiers had
reached the point when they could no
longer endure the contaminated water
of the creek this living stream broke
forth during a severe electric storm,
bringing renewed life and hope. Not
only was It providential that this sup
ply of water should come at this time,
but also that it came within the dead
line, where, by the prison laws, it was
protected from being trampled and de
filed. Over this spring has been erected a
. pavilion, tile roofed and supported by
granite pillars. Its sacred waters now
flow from a tastefully carved fountain
of marble at the spot where they
-originally broke forth.
Of the "boys" who made up the
party from Pittsburg and vicinity
most of them represented those who
were captured at the battle of Ply
mouth. The 101st Pennsylvania had
been a part of McClellan's command,
and when his army was recalled to
Washington to aid in the protectioa
of the capital against Gen. Lee. Peck's
division, then a part of McClellan's
North Carolina coast The 101st was
one of the strongest regiments of
Peck's division. The division was dis
tributed with all possible strategy to
cover the territory.
Soon after the arrival of the 101st
the three years' enlistment ended, and
all voted to re-enlist for service dur
hm the war. The regiment concen
trated at Plymouth -for re-enlistment
and the accustomed thirty days' fur
lough was being arranged.
Gen. Hoke's command, aided by the
Coafederate ram Albemarle, suddenly
appeared in full force. A desperate
three days' battle ensued. The North
ern troop were hemmed in on three
aides by a superior force of Confeder
ates, while the fourth was hammered
at by the Confederate gunboat With
little hope of checking the eneny they
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fought a desperate fight, hut were
forced to yield.
After the battle they were hurried
south and placed in the prison at
Andersonville.
Struck by "Pancake" Bullet.
"Speaking of pancake bulletts,"
said the Colonel, "I met Gen. Walter
C. Newberry on the street the other
day, and while we stood talking he
seemed nervous, throwing his weight
first on one foot and then on the
other, changing frequently. But he
wasn't nervous. I knew that and I
knew also why he seemed nervous.
When the head of our column crossed
the James and advanced toward
Petersburg, Newberry was lieutenant
colonel of the Twenty-fourth New
York cavalry. When what was left
of us got back Newberry was the
senior officer in the cavalry division.
"In that advance, when wo reached
the Petersburg and Norfolk railroad,
we ran up against the real thing in the
way of defensive works. Col. New
berry led the advance and struck an
angle of the works and soon his line
was in the air, supports no being able
to get up because of the enemy's ter
rific fire. Three brigade commanders
fell in the attempt to reach New
berry, but he did not retire until the
enemy began to envelop his flanks.
The line went back in some disorder,
but Newberry was cool and deliberate
and when we got under cover of the
creek ho went back with a squad to
make a lodgment in front
"As usual, tho Colonel was in the
lead, and after he had posted the boys
to his satisfaction, he started to rejoin
us in line. When he got down under
the brow of the little hill and only his
head and shoulders were exposed a
rebel sharpshooter blazed away at
him. The bullet struck a big oak tree,
flattening out like a pancake, glanced
tiff, and struck Newberry on the top
of his head in front The bullet had a
fiat surface, nearly as large as a
silver dollar, and when it struck bis
head Newberry went down as though
he had been shot through the heart
"Almost immediately he put his
hand to his head expecting to find
blood. As his senses returned he
looked at his hand and then felt his
head again. Finding no blood an ex
pression of disgust came over his
face, he believing he had been struck
by a spent ball. However, that pan
cake bullet affected tho muscles of
the General's left side and ever since
he has appeared nervous on his feet.
It isn't nerves, however; it is a case
of pancake bullet a case of a wound
that did not break the skin, but left
its mark." Chicago Inter Ocean.
The Pension Question.
Pension Commissioner Eugene F.
Ware says In his annual report that
the present system of examining ap
plicants tor pensions is uncertain, ex
pensive, unsatisfactory and generative
of an enormous amount of political
friction. Commissioner Ware suggests
boards of examiners, constituted un
der civil service rules, who should go
trom place to place on fixed days, giv
ing examinations and receiving testi
mony regarding applicants and mak
ing reports thereon. Commissioner
Ware estimates that there are still, in
round numbers. 200.000 unpensioned
survivors of the civil war, exclusive of
deserters. He states that this large
number is now, owing to advanced
age. disease and misfortune, applying
tor pensions at the rate of over 14,000
per annum. Mr. Ware estimates that
in ten years the pension list will be
so largely reduced that the burden
will cease to be noticed. But during
these ten years humanity and grati
tude alike demand that some action
should be taken to relieve the press
ing necessities of the old soldiers. The
report shows that there are now on
the rolls 99C.545 pensioners, of which
72$. 356 are soldiers and 267.1S9 are
widows and dependents. The roll
shows a net loss of 2,901 pensioners
during the year. Out of a total of
304.809 applicants on hand during the
year, 130,109 were admitted and 113,
794 rejected. He also states that the
bureau has gained upon the current
work 100,000 cases during the last two
years.
Spelled it For Them.
"There was a general in one of the
Ohio regiments in the civil war," said
Gen. Grosvenor, at an old soldier
symposium, "who was the most mag
nificent thing physically, you ever saw
and about the weakest, mentally.
"He rode out on his horse one morn
ing to review his brigade. After the
parade he thought he would give some
orders himself. He shouted: 'Column
of fours; column forward!"
"The soldiers didn't understand, for
they didn't execute the movement
The general stood up in his stirrups
and shouted again: 'Column of fours;
column forward!'
"Still there was 'no response. Exas
perated beyond measure the general
j-elled: 'What's the matter with you
imbeciles? Can't you understand plain
English? Column of fours; column
forward! Here, I'll spell it for you.
C-o-l-l-o-m c-o-M-o-m now do you un
derstand?'" Saturday Evening Post
New Pension Resolution.
For the information of comrades
the following resolution, submitted
by the Committee on Pensions, and
unanimously adopted by the Thirty
seventh National Encampment, is
here given in full:
"Resolved, That the Committee on
Pensions to be appointed for the en
suing year be, and they hereby are,
directed to present to Congress for
passage a bill which, while not dis
turbing the beneficent provisions of
the existing law, shall provide that
every survivor of tho war of 1S61-1865,
who served for a period of ninety days
and who was honorably discharged,
and who has passed the age of sixty
two years, shall be pensioned at the
rate of $12 per month, and that a pen
sion of the same amount be paid to
the worthy widow of such soldier
when deceased who was married to
such soldier prior to the 27th day of
June, A. D. 1890."
An Inauspicious Beginning.
A couple married at Mars Hill, Me..
last, week had more than its share of
trouble. First the minister was an
hour late, and then the floor timbers
gave way and precipitated the as
sembled company into the cellar.
Finally when the knot had been tiad
the horse ran away when it was
taking the couple to the train. How
ever they survived all the catastro
phes, aad after waiting five hours for
rxotber train they made their escape.
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The Cheesemaker'a Side.
There has been a good deal said in
the agricultural press about cheese
factories running only in summer. It
is generally argued that they should
run the year around, that the produc
tion of milk in winter might be en
couraged. That is an ideal condition
to be looked forward to and hoped for.
But for the present little. can be ex
pected in this way. The cheesemaker
is compelled to follow the course that
will yield him a profit. Recently Mr.
J. R. Biddulph of Bureau county, Illi
nois, gave to a representative of the
Farmers' Review the cheesem&ker's
side of this question. He said: 'The
cheese industry in Illinois is not im
proving much, for there is no one to
stir up the cheesemakers. In my im
mediate locality there is an improve
ment, but it is not general. More
flats are being made than ever before,
because many of the factories have a
home market for them. Flats weigh
from 32 to 40 pounds, while Cheddar
cheeses weigh from 50 pounds up.
There are four cheese factories with
in a radius of seven miles from my
house. None of them make butter,
but some of them run the year round.
Mine runs from April first to Decem
ber first, every day. I do not believe
a factory should run all the time, nor
do the merchants. They think the
factories should shut down so they can
have a chance to work off their stock
of cheese and fill up the following sea
son on fresh goods. However, if we
had milk enough to permit us to run
all winter, we would have to run. Dur
ing the month of December we gen
erally run every other day, and that
is the way the factories do that run
all winter. But it is a poor plan to
run all the time, if it is necessary to
run every other day. A factory that
does that seldom makes enough cheese
to pay expenses in the months when
they are doing that The most I ever
received In the month of December,
when I was running every other day,
was $50, and that did not pay ex
penses. We are using now between
4,500 and 5,000 pounds of milk daily.
I do not buy the milk outright, but
make it into cheese at so much per
pound. The patrons take the cheese
and sell it themselves. They no to
town and trade it for groceries, dry
goods and other things they need."
Milk From Silage.
It would be interesting to hear from
some of our readers that have silos
and feed their children on milk made
from such silage. The Borden Milk
Condensing Company will not permit
the farmers that sell them milk to use
silage as a feed, no matter how good
that silage may be. They claim that
milk made from such materials is un
it for tlie use cf babes and that the
latter are always made tick when they
use milk made from silage. One of
the Borden Company declares mat the
farmers that have silos will not feed
their own young children on milk so
made. We feel certain that this is not
so, and that if any users of silage take
that position it is for the purpose of be
ing on the safe side of a proposition of
which they do not feel quite certain,
rather than because they have any
definite information that milk from
silage is unhealthful. The company
also asserts that milk made from
silage is a poor keeper, on account of
the unusual amount of acid it con
tains. Is this true? It would appear
not to be, as Mr. Gurler of Do Kalb.
Illinois, sent silage made milk all the
way to Paris, France, and it arrived
in that city in a perfectly sweet con
dition, and no preservative of any
kind was used in it. This would look
as if milk made from silage keeps
fairly well. This milk did not begin
to get "off" till it was seventeen days
old. The fact that other condensaries
in the country permit the use of silage
would seem to indicate that other
milk condensing companies hold a dif
ferent view from that held by the Bor
den Company. It is certainly to be
hoped that some experiments will be
started to demonstrate the value of
silage made milk as a food for infants.
A Poor Milker.
The Chicago daily papers not long
ago published a statement relative to
the analysis of milk drawn from va
rious cows on the Gurler dairy farm at
De Kalb. Illinois. Assistant State
Food Commissioner R. M. Patterson of
Chicago milked a Holstein cow, and
had her milk analyzed. It showed
2.8 per cent fat, a very low percent
age. This was published along with
the analyses of the other samples ot
milk taken, and of course the con
trast put the 1 olstein breed in a bad
light Chicago people took up the agi
tation and some even suggested the
passing of a law prohibiting the sale
of milk from Holstein cows. We learn
however from Mr. Glover, dairy field
man of the University of Illinois, that
the daily papers refrained from pub
lishing a very important sequel to the
tests. After Mr. Patterson had drawn
all the milk he could from the cow,
one of the regular milkers sat down
and drew three pints more from the
same animal. All of our readers know
that the first milk Is the poorest and
the last drawn milk the richest An
analysis of the 11 pounds drawn by
Mr. Patterson gave 2.8 per cent; an
analysis of the 3 pounds drawn by the
regular milker gave 6 per cent Added
together the result was fourteen
pounds of milk with an average
richness of 3.48 per cent, or .48 per
cent above tne standard required by
the s-'Ate law. It will thus be seen
that the agitation against the Hol
stein vas started as the result of the
exploit of a very poor milker in the
state's service.
Agricultural Co-Operation in Ireland.
At the last meeting of the Irish
Agricultural Organization Society a .re
port on progress showed that the or
ganization had gained 148 new so
cieties and nearly 9.000 new mem
bers during the past year. During
1902 the societies composing the or
ganization were: 247 dairy societies
and 81 auxiliaries, having 36.174 mem
bers; 124 agricultural societies, with
12,961 members; 145 agricultural
banks, with 6.511 members; 31 poul
try societies, with 5,906 members; 50
home industries, with 2,933 members;
4 flax societies with 118 members: 17
beekeepers' societies, .with 298 mem
bers; 3 federations with 257 members;
10 miscellaneous societies, with 862
members. Total number of societies,
712, with 66,020 members. These so
cieties last year transacted business in
xcess of $7,000,000. Lord Monteagle
is president of the society.
The clover crop is an adjunct that
no swine grower can afford to over
took. Clover and corn will r do al
most the whole work of feeding. '
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1 POULTKY1
Ventilation of Poultry Houses.
During summer weather no ventila
tion Is needed, as the windows and
doors, where wire screens are used,
will be open night and day. But in
the late fall, winter and early spring,
the doors and windows have to be shut
most of the time, and some ventilation
must be provided. The dirtier the
house Is kept the more ventilation will
be needed. The old-fashioned venti
lator on top of the poultry house
should be discarded. Its effect was to
take the warm pure air out of the
house and pour down on the heads of
the poultry a stream of cold air.
Probably the best system to be fol
lowed is to have a long wooden tuba
in one end of the poultry house, said
tube reaching from the top of the
house to within a foot of the floor. If
this is carried above the roof a draft
should exist in it as in -a chimney,
that will draw the foul air out of the
bouse. If the walls are double it will
be easy enough to provide ingress for
the air on either side. Make a few
little holes on the outside near the
eaves of the roof and on the inside
bore a few more holes near the floor
opposite and below the holes on the
outside. If these holes for ingress ot
the air are made only on one side of
the building, they should be on the
side of the prevailing winds.
The idea of ventilating poultry
houses by means of sub-earth ducts
has been broached, but never tried, so
far as we know. It would hardly pay
to construct a sub-earth duct for a
common-sized poultry house, as such
a duct would cost more than the poul
try house itself. In the case of a large
poultry plant, however, it might be
tried and wonld doubtless prove very
satisfactory. These ducts consist of
rows of glazed (water-proof) tile laid
in trenches about 8 feet deep and
running through the ground for 100
feet or more. Generally three or four
rows of tile are laid, the ends all be
ing sealed with cement to prevent any
water entering. The work has to be
done very perfectly to prevent water
entering and filling up the pipes. In
addition a pump should be placed in
one end of the trench so that if water
does get into the pipes it may be
pumped out without the pipes having
to be dug up. At the end of the
trench, away from the house to be fed
with air through these tiles, a stand
pipe is erected with a hood that turns
to face the wind in whatever way it
blows. The trench is flljed with soil
and the ground leveled. The object of
all this is to provide air for the build
ing at a temperature of, say, 50 de
grees, the temperature of the ground
at a depth of 8 feet. Summer or
winter this temperature will remain
the same, whatever the air outside.
Where a man has a number of poultry
bouses they can all be connected witr.
this duct by smaller tile tubes and the
air forced in. The only time when
this scheme fails to work is where the
air is still. At other times the wind
blowing into the hood forces the air
Into the house. The great advantage
about this Is that comparatively warm
air is supplied to the houses. Some
cheese factories and stock barns are
now using the system; which proves
very satisfactory.
Wyandottes.
A publication of the Department of
Agriculture says: The original type
of the Wyandotte was the Asiatic, and
at tho time of origin the Standard fav
ored the Cochin type more than any
otner.
When the Wyandottes were ad
mitted as a breed to a position among
our Standard-bred fowls they had
reached a form and color which were
quite distinctive. The male favored
the Dark Brahma in form and color,
the body color being quite like a well
splashed Dark Brahma. They had
smooth legs of a smoky-yellow shade
and the rose comb. The females, in
form, favored our present Silvcr
Spangled Hamburg females. There
was an increasing demand for Wyan
dottes throughout the United States.
Anything that resembled their de
scription was sent forth to fill the de
mand, and much inferior stock was
spread about under the name of Wyan
dotte. Soon after the original Wyan
dotte there came the Golden strain,
the advent of which made it necessary
to select a distinguishing name for the
other; thus we have for the two va
rieties the names Silver-Laced Wyan
dottes and Golden-Laced Wyandottes.
Conditions of form and color have
changed from time to time. In the
Silvers we had the very dark, heavy
marking which almost destroyed the
top color of the males and reduced the
white center in the plumage of the fe
male (also on the breast of the male)
to almost a stripe or small spot But
in the Goldens a continued effort was
made to preserve clear top color in the
males and the open center of plum
age in both male and female. At the
present the open center, edged about
like the plumage of a well-marked Se
bright Bantam, is desirable. Some
beautiful specimens of this type have
been produced.
Pear Growing in Iowa.
Pear growing in Iowa has not, in a
general way, proved a success. That
the failure is largely due to the mis
takes of the cultivator there is no
doubt but to lay it wholly to this
cause would be unjust Pear growing
is a trade or business which must be
learned. Blight, the great enemy,
must be combated by selecting soils
and exposures, following those meth
ods of cultivation and shading of the
ground which will cause a slow growth
early in the season, so that the tree
will begin the winter with well-ripened
wood. Choose high, well-drained, rath
er thin soil, and avoid low or level,
rich soils. A careful study of the soil
and methods of those who have made
pear growing a success will convince
the most skeptical that, with proper
care and management, any one can
produce this most luscious of fruits.
Head them low; cut back straggling
shoots one-half every spring, to com
pel dense tops; mulch or plant straw
berries or raspberries to shade the
ground; set them six inches deeper
than they stood in the nursery. Pears
should be gathered at least ten days
before they are ripe. Winter varieties
may be left on quite late, placed in a
dark room and ripened in the house.
M. J. Wragg.
The farmer that manages his cow
and horse stables well, cleans them out
at least once a day, and sometimes
twice, hut the pig pen Is too often
neglected until the pigs are in danger
of being submerged.
On most American farms the breed
ing of live stock does not receive the
attention It deserves.
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Two Kinds of Humus.
Professor E. F. Ladd, of the North
Dakota Agricultural College, says: Of
late we have heard a great deal about
the necessity of humus in the soil. We
have come to understand that humus
is as essential In the North Dakota
soils as in all other soils if we would
maintain their fertility. We have come
to understand that humus is one of
the great water holding constituents
of the soil, that it is to the humus we
owe many of the better physical qual
ities of the soU, and that it is from
the humus the nitrogenous matter of
the plants is derived to be converted
into nitrates to serve as plant food.
There is one point, however, that has
not been sufficiently emphasized.
There are different kinds of humus,
the same as there are different kinds
of animal foods. Some forms of
humus are worth a great deal more in
the soil than others. We all recog
nize the fact that clover hay is vast
ly superior as an animal food to wheat
straw. We say that clover hay, wheat
bran, linseed and cotton seed meal are
nitrogenous foods, and that straw,
timothy, cornmeal, stover, etc., are
carbonaceous foods. So we have types
of humus that are highly nitrogenous
and other types that are highly car
bonaceous. A humus derived from
wheat straw or wheat stubble or
grains of any kind is very inferior. It
furnishes no nitrogenous matter, it
does not have the water holding and
absorbing constituents as does the
humus derived from clover, vetches,
brome grass, etc. We thus see that
one of the advantages of growing
clover in our crop rotation is that it
gives us a better type of humus in the
soil. One that will put the soil in
better physical condition will hold a
larger amount of moisture, will fur
nish nitrogenous plant food, and will
.better unlock the available plant food
in the soil than the humus that is de
rived from carbonaceous plants like
the straw.
Why Cotton Seed Meal Kills Pigs.
Why does cotton seed meal often
kill pigs? The answer is not forth
coming, but the experimenters are at
work on the problem and have
been at work en it for some years.
As yet they have arrived at no con
clusion that is satisfactory to them
selves or others. The cauro i3 doubt
less some property of the meal or
seed that is harmful when fed beyond
a certain limit The first attempts to
solve the problem led to the belief
that the cause was a mechanical one,
the deaths being produced by impac
tion due to the accumulation in the
alimentary canals of large quantities
of the tufts of cotton clinging to some
of the seeds. But this was not borne
out by subsequent experiments and
post-mortem examinations. No mat
ter how carefully the seed was
cleaned the deaths resulted all tho
same when the pigs were fed beyond
a certain limit not well-defined, the
seed or meal made from it It is
now believed that tho seed and the
meal made both produce a toxic ef
fect, when allowed to undergo certain
changes. When it is remembered
that food remained in the intestines
of the pigs for some days, it is easy
to see that it has an opportunity to
ferment and produce poisons. There
are many other materials that thus
change in composition. Thus the
cassava root, from which tapioca is
r tde, contains prussic acid, which
disappears in the process of heating.
But the poison has been known to
come back again in old tapioca.
Coal Tar Colors Excluded.
From the first use of coal tar col
ors in butter there has been a great
outcry against them. The people that
object to their use declare that these
colors are very injurious to health.
The makers of the colors have de
clared otherwise, and have asserted
that if the colors were poisonous when
used in large quantities, the amounts
used in butter were so small that
they could injure no one. There have
now and then been reports of chil
dren drinking the butter colors and
being poisoned fatally by them. On
this point we must say that the Farm
ers' Review has tried to discover the
truth of some of these reported cases,
but has never been able to even get a
reply from the families in which such
tragedies were reported to have oc
curred. We have very serious doubts
as to the truth of these reports. But
if the coal tar colors are injurious In
any way they should not be pr emitted
to be sold in any state. The state of
Minnesota has taken that view of it
and has passed a law prohibiting their
sale after January 1, 1904. Vegetable
colors have been used in butter for so
long that records do not trace their
first use. The old and reliable source
of this coloring is annatto and colors
made from that plant are not pro
scribed by the laws of any state. It
is likely that many other states will
pass laws against the use of coloring
matter made from coal tar.
To Ohio Corn Growers.
It now seems evident that the yield
of corn is to be much below an aver
age crop in this state this season.
Conditions beyond the control of the
corn grower the late spring and the
unseasonable weather during the
greater part of the corn months have
helped to bring about this result The
corn crop of 1303 is a matter of his
tory. All that can be done now is to
carefully save and utilize what wp
have. This should mean something
more than picking the ears and allow
ing the stover to waste in the field in
so far as its feed value is concerned.
The present crop is not only a disap
pointment as regards yield but quite
inferior as to quality. This for many
a corn grower means poor seed, an
uneven stand and a poor crop in 1904.
It will mean this unless great precau
tion be taken in selecting and drying
put seed corn this fall. While mature
seed should be chosen if it can be had,
slightly immature corn carefully and
thoroughly dried out by the fire, is
frequently more satisfactory than the
former when handled carelessly.
Given a normal winter and it is prob
able that seed corn of which ninety
per cent and upward will germinate
next spring will not be easily secured.
Almost any farmer can arrange for it
aow if be be alert It has seemed best
that this word of caution be sounded
at this time by the Ohio Agricultural
Experiment Station, Wooster, Ohio.
At the North, where the onions are
to be stored for winter use, the whole
:rop is pulled when three-fourths of
the plants have turned yellow, shrivel
ed and dried in the neck sufllcic; to
topple over. They are in fit condition
!or storing when no moisture is visible
ipen strongly twisting the necks.
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Plant Lice.
Plant lice are tiny insects usually
rounded . in form and provided with
two little tubes which extend upward
and backward from the abdomen, says
a bulletin of the Colorado Experiment
Station. Lice live upon the juices of
plants by thrusting their bills
through the epldr-mis of the tender
twigs or leaves. The first brood in
the spring is produced from eggs
which were laid the previous fall. The
other generations, except the last, are
females born alive, and as these young
begin immediately to suck juices and
soon bear other young, the number
which may result in a single season
from the hatching of one egg is almost
Incredible. The first generations are
wingless and live not far from the
place where the eggs hatched. In
time, however, winged individuals ap
pear. These fly to new feeding grounds
and are the chief source of distribu
tion. Most lice are green and escape
notice, but some are made conspicuous
by their colors. The last brood in the
fall lay eggs. These may be seen
after the leaves have fallen as tiny
black oblong objects on the limbs and
about the buds. An abundance oi
these indicates that watchfulness will
be needed the following spring.
Generally plant lice are kept under
control by their enemies, chief ol
which are the lady-birds and syrphus
flies. Adult lady-birds may usually
be recognized as oval red beetles
spotted with black. The larvae are
oblong, rough and commonly mottled
red and black. They have three pairs
of legs and a distinct head. The eggs
are yellow and laid in patches where
lice are abundant. The syrphus fly
larvae are smooth, green or greenish
white and without distinct legs and
head. The eggs are white, oblong
bodies which are laid singly on the
leaves of Infested plants. Where the
enemies are abundant they will de
stray the lice and spraying is unneces
sary. From the manner of their feeding it
Is Impossible to kill plant Uco with
poisons. It is necessary to employ
some substance which will kill by
contact and to apply it very thorough
ly, for every insect which escapes the
application remains to repopulate the
food plant. These precautions are
valuable: 1. Spray upward with force
so as to wet the under side of the
leaves. 2. Spray beforo the winged
form3 appear to prevent distribution.
"Telling" People About Spraying.
Our entomologists and horticultur
ists, says Prof. F. M. Webster, have
been trying to Instruct people, but stili
we are encountering criticisms every
year; and when we remonstrate, we
are asked why in the world we do not
tell people these things. Why do we
not tell people? If the Angel Gabriel
had attempted to "tell people" he
would have long ago worn out his
trumpet and retired In disgust! Why
do we not tell people? Why will not
people read, and listen, and remembci
these things that are as simple as the
first letters of the alphabet? Tell peo
pie! Why, we are so sick of telling
these things that we hate the sound
of our own voices, or the words as
they appear on paper. How in the
world are we to tell you if you will
not listen, or listening will not re
member? Why will you not read these
things? I ask these questions because
this is really one of the most difficult
phases of the problem. After we
learn what an Insect will do and what
it will not do, there is the unknown
quantity to take into consideration,
viz., what the people will do if they do
anything. Now, I have no wish to dis
count the intelligence of our people,
and yet it always gives me the feeling
that I am doing this when I repeat,
time and again, the simplest state
ments and directions relative to spray
ing for certain Insects or fungous dis
eases. The Corn Feed Problem.
A dozen years ago the farmers ol
tho corn belt that were engaged in
ths raising of hogs would consider nc
other feed for swine except corn.
They began to feed the pigs corn
about as soon as they were weaned
and continued to feed them corn till
they were butchered. Corn was very
cheap then except in occasional years
when there was a partial corn crop
failure. In those days corn was not
only cheap, but freight rates were
high and it cost a great deal to get
the corn to market. There was a sav
ing to the producer In marketing his
corn crop ia the shape of pork. Sinca
that time there has been a great
change in the position of corn relative
to oats and other grains. There are
many commercial uses to which corn
Is now p' t that formerly were not
dreamed of. It now seems likely that
the general ave-age of corn prices
will rise from year to year, responsive
to the increasing demand and the re
strictive area of country In which
corn can be grown. The future is
likely to see the oat and barley crops
more largely used in the finishing of
swino than is dreamed of at the pres
ent time. At any rate we are about
at tho end of feeding pigs on a whole
corn diet We cannot now figure out
a profit with such a course of feeding.
For a long time yet hogs that do cot
follow cattle will be finished on corn,
but we may expect to see that finish
ing period grow constantly shorter.
Men will also realize that a cLauge
to clover and grain other than corn
will give them some benefits in the"
way of increased stamina in their
swine as well as more fecundity. The
corn feed problem is one that cannot
be ignored longer, but Is in course of
solution by every swine rsiser that
is trying to make money.
Preparing Corn Land.
In the cultivation of corn we find
it is better to prepare the ground in
the fall. Select a field that has had
a crop on it gang plow it first and
work it down fine, and leave it until
fall. Then plow it again and leave,
until spring, when it should be culti
vated and harrowed. 'In winter haul
out manure and spread it, putting on
the ground about ten or fifteen tons
to the acre. It may now be plowed,
and made ready for planting. Edward
Curts.
Indiana Dairy Convention.
The fourteenth annual convention of
the Indiana State Dairymen's Associa
tion will be held at Plymouth, Decem
ber 10, 11. This town is located in
the northern quarter of Indiana, which
contains about one-half of all the
creameries in the state. A good pro-.
gram is being prepared, and a largo,
meeting is expected. For further in-i
formation address 'the secretary, H.'
E. Van Ncrman, Lafayette, Indiana.
SINEWS IN NEBRASKA
CURT STEVENS IS NOT DEAD.
Man Who Disappeared from Wood
River is Seen in Oklahoma.
WOOD RIVER Curt Stevens,
whose disappearance caused such a
sensation some two years ago and who
was pronounced dead by a large ma
jority of the people, is neither dead
nor sleeping, but is alive and kicking
in Oklahoma, or at least was a few
days ago. His brother-in-law, H. A.
Guy of Grand Island, received a let
ter from him on October 23, under
an assumed name. Mr. Guy conclud
ed to investigate and accordingly went
to Enid, Okl.. and there found that
Curt was working In a large horse and
cattle barn, and was taking his meals
at a restaurant. He went to both
the barn and the restaurant, but was
unable to see him. As he was walk
ing along the street he saw Curt, but
before he could get to him Curt rec
ognized him and suddenly turned and
disappeared. Mr. Guy. made every ef
fort to find him, but without avail.
He failed to show up at the restaur
ant and on going to the barn found
that he had drawn his pay and left
for parts unknown. The case of Curt
Stevens is a peculiar one. His wife
and children, relatives and friends are
all very anxious for his return, and
he Is aware of that fact. There is
no good reason for his staying away.
and why he should remain away and
hide from his friends and relatives
is passing strange.
STOPS READING OF BIBLE.
Freeman Secures Writ of Mandamus
from Supreme Court.
LINCOLN The Bible will not bo
read in the school of district No. 21
In Gage county, and neither will the
pupils mingle their voices in singing
the good old songs from the Gospel
Hymn or from the Pentecostal Hymn
book, as has been their wont, for the
clerk of the supreme court mailed to
the directors of the school district a
copy of a peremptory writ of manda
mus to compel the teacher to cut out
all such. This is in conformity with
an opinion handed down by the court
some months ago, which during the
recent judicial campaign became state
history, but which the directors down
in Gage county refused to respect or
abide by. Some time ago Daniel Free
man, who brought the original action,
came again to the supreme court in a
brief and asked for a writ of manda
mus to compel the teacher to desist.
This was granted, and to make sure
ih-t it is rWit I'.iat it should be fol
lowed the clerk also sent to the school
board s. copy of the opinion, tho sylla
bus and the writ.
Fremont People Hopeful.
FREMONT All reports on the pow
er canal project seem to be favorable
to the Fremont end of it. Apparently
tho Columbus people think the same
way about it. as it is now being hint
ed that they arc responsible for the
delay In holding the meeting at New
York. It has been given out that the
occasion for the failure to get togeth
er recently was the substitution of a
now man on the board of engineers.
Gr?in Business Sold.
EDGAR H. C. Hart has purchased
of J. H. Pope his elevator and grain
and coal business. The consideration
of sale was about $5,f00.
Business Man Goes Insane.
OAKLAND William Bearringer. a
business man of this place, became
quite suddenly, insane a few days ago.
He was taken to the county jail at Ne
ligh and afterwards to the asylum at
Lincoln.
YORK Henry Haberman, an em
ploye at the York foundry, stepped
Into a barrel of hot water that had
just been blown out of the radiators
before shutting down for the day. The
flesh on the leg was badly scalded to
the knee. ""
Feet Numb as Wood.
HUMBOLDT Mrs. Roy Leach, wife
of a farmer a few miles north of this
city, has been the victim of a pecu
liar malady, which seems to have left
her feet wholly dead, the result of Im
perfect circulation of the blood. The
condition became so serious last week
when gangrene set in that her physi
cians decided amputation was neces
sary, and took off her right foot above
the ankle. They hope to save the re
maining member, but are in doubt.
Still Looking for Oil.
PLATTSMOUTH The failure of
the Omaha prospecting company to
find coal or oil in paying quantities
In the vicinity of Louisville has not
entirely discouraged further investiga
tions in Cass county. For some time
a gentleman named Freeby. who
coms from the nil regions of Penn
sylvania, has been in the vicinity of
Nehawka carrying on some prelimi
nary investigations with a view to
prospecting for oil ans minerals.
Deadly Snake in Bananas.
COLUMBUS While handling a
bunch of bananas in the store Gus
Plath was surprised to see a snake
move slowly out over his arm. The
reptile was evidently chilled as he
acted very sluggish and offered to do
no harm. The snake is a stranger to
this country, and whih examlne.l by
those who have been in the banana
phntations it was pronounced to be a
moccasion of a very deadly character.
It was twenty-six inches long.
Open Automobile Barn.
HUMBOLT Frank and D. H. Blak
eney. formerly of this place, have in
operation at Loup City an automobile
barn, using the machines for general
livery and passenger transfer work.
Passes Forged Checks.
NORTH PLATTE A young man
who gives his name as Bert Butler and
his home as Carthage. 111., passed four
; forged checks on merchants of this
place and then departed.
THE STATE IN BRIEF.
Three fires within a week is the
record for Nelson.
Mrs. Joseph Smith, of Beatrice,
while curling her hair, severely burned
hor eye.
Ducks are plentiful about Humboldt,
and hunters are bagging a great deal
of game.
The barn Of John W. Buchanan, near
Auburn, was burned. The stock wero
all got out.
Rev. Chapman of York has accepted
a call to the First Christian church
at Augustus, Kansas.
Johnson ft Davis of Rawlins. Wyo..
have rented grounds of the Standard
Cattle company at Ames and will feed
10,000 sheep this season.
It is now believed that McCool will
have a rural mail route in the near
future. An examination for appoint
ment for rural mail carriers is being
advertised for.
While returning from Spencer. John
Tonning a German farmer living near
that place, was thrown from his wagon
and injuries sustained therefrom
caused his death.
Harvey Heninger. of Plattsmouth. 1C
years old, stumbled and fell with a
gun. the weapon discharging and so
seriously wounding him that his life
is despaired of.
Mrs. Susan G. Hay ton. a woman of
distinguished revolutionary ancestry,
died at the home of her son in Lincoln.
She was born in Spottsylvania county,
Ohio. Three of her uncles, one a gen
eral, and two colonels, served in tho
war of the revolution.
A man was arrested at Carroll. Ia.,
who, it is thought, is the one who
forged a check on the First National
bank of Plattsmouth some time ago.
He was taken in charge there for hav
ing, it is alleged, passed a forged
check on the postmistress at Love
land. Word has been received in Beatrice
that Mrs. Laurina Stevenson, formerly
of that city, has been left destitute in
Pittsburg. Pa., by James Rodgers,
whom she was about to marry. Tho
date for the wedding was set, but. it
is said. Rodgers got possession of her
money and skipped out.
The Nebraska City Water company
served noticeon all users of city water
to boil the same before using. The
water served has a very peculiar tasto
and pending an analysis by chemists,
the company recommends caution in
using It. No theory is advanced for
this, but it is not thought that tho
water is fouled by garbage.
Edwin E. Just of Lynch, Boyd coun
ty, while being taken to the hospital
for the insane at Lincoln, jumped
from the train about five miles west
of West Point while the train was run
ning at the rate of thirty-live miles
an hour. When the train had been
stopped to pick up the supposed
corpse of Just, it was found that while
stunned he was apparently uninjured.
The Mineral of the Rev. David Clif
ton Montgomery, who was killed in tho
Philippines. October 31. 1902. while in
the employ of the government ns
superintendent of schools, was held
from the Methodist Episcopal church
in Edgar. Rev. W. M. Porter of Nel
son preached the sermon. Rev. Ira
McConaughy, a classmate, delivered a
short address and Rev. I. E. Hum
phrey gave a sketch of his life. Tho
services at the grave were in charge
of the Masons.
Henry Lippold of Richardson coun
ty. 18 years old, was drowned in about
ten feet of water while attempting to
cross Fisher's lake on the ice as a
short cut home. Other boys were
with him. but could do nothing to help
him. His body was recovered after
several hours.
The count of returns in tho Elev
enth judicial district gives J. R. Hanna
(rep.) a majority of two over J. R.
Thompson (fusion.) Garfield county.
Lin whicli the clerk first returned 2."3
for Hanna, filed an amended certifi
cate giving him 'If,-',.
A $500 monument has just been
placed in the cemetery at Table Rock,
erected by a popular subscription, to
the memory of the unknown dead of
the late civil war. It occunica a prom
inent place in the northeast corner ofj
the cemetery and presents a very im
posing appearance. The ceremonies
of unveiling the monument will bo
Saturday, December 5, at which timo
Governor Mickey and other prominent
speakers are expected to be present
and participate.
Relatives in Omaha have word of
the death at Las Cruccs. N". M.. of
Clinton Llewellyn, a son of Major V.
H. H. Llewellyn. He was a native of
Omaha and took part In the Spanish
war. accompanying his brother and
father as members of tho Roosevelt
Rough riders. He was 22 years of
at,e.
At Osceola. Mrs. Alfred Glerhart
when half way down the cellar steps
fell the rest of the way anil was hurt
very badly and bniis"d so that It was
necessary to call a physician.
The ollicers have obtained no cluo
to the men who held up James Hoag
Iand of neatrice near Hlue Springs;
and robbed him of about $25 in rash
and 300 pounds of chickens while on
his way home. Hoagland has re
turned to the city and states that he
found his toam at Blue Springs tho
morning after the robbery occurred.
Word has been received at Stella
that Frank Brown, the young man who
had his foot cut off by the cars at
that point died in the Missouri Pa
cific hospital at Atchison.
The Gus Gocke bicycle machine
shop has completed the construction
of the first automobile made in York.
It will compare favorably with the
finest automobiles manufactured in
the east and was made in York ex
cept the gasoline engines, tires and
wheels.
A telegram from Paducah. Mc
Crackcn county. Ky.. states that
James H. Greene, a prominent citizen
had been found dead in bed. The
cause of his death by poisoning
Greene formerly lived in Nebraska.
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