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CONDUCTOR KILLED BY CARS
Jslt Throws Hhn Onto the Track and
Under the Wheels.
NORFOLK. Conductor Tom Belt
of the Northwestern railroad was
Uled nnser his train. No. 116. Sun
day sight. The accident occurred at
Staart, where the crew was switch
ing. The train was headed for Nor
folk. Belt was standing upon a car which
had been uncoupled. The engine
started forward, the coupling pin fell
and caught the fastener. Belt
Jolted off, fell between the cars
across the track. The wheels
over his right leg and he sus
tained Internal Injuries from which he
died shortly after. A special train
was run from Norfolk, carrying Dr.
P. H. Salter, Superintendent C. H.
Reynolds and the wife of Belt, but he
was dead when the train arrived.
Belt bad been on the line for
twelve years and was 53 years old.
The train was a regular one and he
had ran It many times. This is the
second fatality within less than a
week. M. L. Marshall was killed last
Monday and run over afterward by
this same train. No. 116.
LOCATING COLONY OF DANES
Five Hundred Families to Be Settled
en Grazing Land Near Sidney.
SIDNEY. Hon. George D. Meikle
John, former assistant secretary of
war, and a party of capitalists were
here purchasing from the Union Pa
cific railway large tracts of land on
the divide. This syndicate proposes
to bring 500 families of Danes to
settle on these lands and engage ex
tensively In dairying, the cream to
be sent to Omaha and Denver. This
land lies twelve miles north, contigu
ous to the Burlington and Union Pa
cific railroads and is considered the
finest grazing land In Nebraska. The
Danish Emigration society of Minne
sota will furnish these emigrants with
tea cows each to? start and enough
money to erect houses, purchase
farming implements and necessaries
of life for one year, the money to
be paid back in small installments at
very low rate of Interest.
Pioneers Organize.
A pioneers and old settlers asso
ciation of Burt county was organized
at Tekamah. Some 900 citizens of
the county met at the fair grounds,
where the organization was perfected.
Rev. I. C. Jones opened the meeting
with prayer, after which he presided
as temporary chairman of the meet
ing. A committee of five was ap
pointed on constitution and by-laws.
Deaf Mute Sent to Prison.
FREMONT. In the district court
Charles Hope, a deaf mute, was ar
raigned on the charge of forging a
check purporting to be drawn by the
Tribune company. He plead guilty
and was given a sentence of fourteen
months in the penitentiary.
Big Price for a Farm.
PLATTSMOUTH Ex-Sheriff W. D.
Wheeler has sold the Cook farm in
this county of 120 acres. It was pur
chased by George Meisinger for $91
per acre, and the remaining eighty
was sold to Robert Propst for $97 per
acre.
Attempt to Hold Up Farmer.
HUMBOLT Todd Drake, a well
known young fanner living east of
the city, complained of an attempt to
hold him up while he was walking
home a few nights ago. A lone high
wayman commanded him to halt, but
Todd resisted, witth the result that his
clothing was considerably torn. The
assailant was frightened away.
Accidentally Shot with Rifle.
- YORK Miss Teresa Zimmcrer was
climbing into a buggy to take a drive
and in some unaccountable way a 22
callber rifle in the buggy was acci
dentally discharged and the bullet en
tered just below the knee.
Wedding Day Is Fixed.
LINCOLN. The marriage of Miss
Ruth Bryan and W. H. Lcavitt of
Newport will take place Saturday
evening. October 3. at 7:30 o'clock at
Falrview, the home of the bride.
Swallows Acid by Mistake.
PAPILLION. Miss Jennie Preston,
living with her parents southwest of
Paplllion, swallowed a dose of car
bollc acid by mistake and died from
the effects soon after. She had been
sick, and, wishing to take some med
icine, reached for It on the shelf and
got the wrong bottle. Her mother
heard the cries of agony and hurried
to the room, but the girl was in a
dying condition and soon passed
away.
Recreant Husband Arrested.
DAVID CITY. Mrs. Nora Monk of
this city, one day this week filed a
complaint before County Judge Skiles
charging her husband, William E.
Monk, with the crime of deserting her
and three small children. It was re
ported that Monk was in Lincoln
rooming with a young woman, but
whea Sheriff West arrived Monk had
flown. He was captured at Fairbury
and Brought to this city and lodged in
the county jalL
Kills an Army of Rattlers.
"YORK, Neb. C. E. Seeger, a
farmer living south of McCool, near
the Fillmore county line, while plow
lag uncovered two nests of rattle-
tea, in which were thirty-eight
Mr. Seeger succeeded in
hllHBg all except the largest, which
a tall grown rattler. In the nest
e very small snake eggs,
front which when broken came little
saakee aa toll of fight and activity
as bT they wsre-a year old.
IIIIMlMIMIIDIIMIHIIIItjMl
THE STATE IN BRIEF.
Near Steinauer, "Grandma" Spier
was thrown from a wagon in a run
away and severely hurt.
The general store of Kline &
Fletcher of Brunswick was broken
into by robbers, and goods worth $500
were stolen.
At Nebraska City Mrs. Mary Com
erford was struck by a Burlington
switch engine and seriously Injured.
Owing to her advanced age her re
covery is doubtful.
A fire occurred at St. Bernard In
the postoffice and grocery store own
ed by B. Schulte, due to the explosion
of a lamp. The building and con
tents were completely destroyed.
Loss, about $900.
The boycott which the fanners of
western Cass county inaugurated
against the town of Murdock some
weeks ago on account of a refusal of
the Rock Island authorities to grant
a site for a farmers' co-operative
grain elevator at that point has fallen
through.
Marx & Berens' flouring mills at
Spencer was destroyed by fire. The
fire is supposed to have been caused
by a spark from a railroad engine,
which went by a short time before
the fire was discovered. Loss, $10,
000; insurance, $5,000. They will re
build at once.
Two loads of cattle shipped to the
South Omaha markets a few days
ago by L. C. Todd of Cass county,
topped the market in regard to the
price paid for them, which was $5.75
per hundred pounds. This was the
highest price paid for cattle at that
market this season.
Custodian L. L. Lindsey has receiv
ed the plans for Lincoln's new fed
eral building which - to be erected
on the northwest corner of the pres
ent government square, and which
will face on Tenth street The build
ing will be 156x90 feet, outside meas
urement, and four stories high.
Kansas City dispatch: George
Hayscl, formerly of Lincoln, Neb.,
committed suicide by blowing the top
of his head off with a shotgun in a
rooming house. From a rambling let
ter left by Haysel it is supposed he
was insane because of some wrong he
had done to his wife and family.
Members of the Beatrice Driving
association closed the business of the
year. The financial results although
not great, showed that the first sea
son's expenditures in putting the
track in shape, constructing tho nec
essary box stalls and making other
improvements were not in excess of
the receipts.
A case Involving many very sensa
tional features was tried in the dis
trict court at West Point F. W.
Zuhlkc, a widower residing there and
an old business man, was sued by
Eric Swanson, a blacksmith, for the
alienation of the affections of Swan
son's wife. Damages were laid at
$5,000. Plaintiff recovered $200 and
costs.
Patrons of the Shelton postoffice
are much pleased over the opening
by Postmaster Reed of a new office
outfit Ever since last March, when
the whole outfit was burned, much
inconvenience has been endured by
the temporary boxes, and now a set
of fixtures has been put in the new
room which are a credit to any town
of much more patronage.
Contagious diseases are quite pre
valent in Beatrice.
A lad fell into the hands of Deputy
Rainey at Norfolk with three quails
in his possession. It cost him fifteen
dollars.
Peter Gabriel, the young man of
Tccumseh who has caused tho officers
much trouble in the past. Is again in
jail. He was at work as porter in
tho Arcade hotel and one day recent
ly ho entered the room occupied by
members of the landlord's family and
took $31 in money from a pocket
book, which contained over $50. He
left for Lincoln on tho first train,
where ho was apprehended.
Somebody poisoned Sheriff W. H.
Cummings' blood hounds at Tecum
seh. The dogs were locked In the
barn and as late as 12 o'clock the
night watchman heard them bark.
When Sheriff Cummins went out to
feed them in tho morning both were
dead. An autopsy revealed the fact
that they had been given poisoned
bread. They were a valuable pair of
trailers.
A peculiar accident happened to
George Ritcheson at Hastings, which
will lay him up for some time. A
horse fell down in the stable and got
its front feet tangled in tho manger
so that it could not get up. Mr.
Ritcheson came to the animal's as
sistance and succeeded in releasing
him. The animal arose violently so
that the man was thrown under the
manger and in turn was unable to
arise. The horse trampled upon Mr.
Ritcheson's legs injuring him se
verely. Louise Lahann, a very elderly wo
man, whose husband died about a
year ago, and who has since been
making her home with her son and
daughter-in-law in Grand Island, com
mitted suicide by hanging. She had
been in a very feeble condition.
Senator Dollivcr of Towa opened the
school lecture course in Plattsmouth.
The lecture was very largely attend
ed. The course this year consists of
three lectures and three entertain
ments, and every indication points to
tho success of the undertaking.
Fire consumed four stacks of oats
and one of wheat on the farm of
Petxflr Elhers five miles southwest
of Panillion. A threshing outfit that
had been working there during the
day was also badly damaged, the
separator being ruined. -
Gus Rood, foreman in the Van Court
quarries at Nehawka, fired the heav
iest blast ever fired in those quarries.
Stones weighing five or six tons were
thrown fifty feet in the air, and about
sixty-five cars of rock were thrown
out.
Jfed&H
VCTCMINS
mi
Evergreen.
There's a green that starts the pulses
beating strong;
It's the green of grass and shrub In
April's sun.
Spotted red and spotted white.
Tinted for the heart's delight.
How it sets the blood of youth upon the
run!
There's a green that keeps the winter
spirit bright.
A green a sign of life through covert
snow.
It's tho gleam of spruce or pine.
Winter woodland's tonic wine.
Infusing hearts with comfort's cheery
glow.
There's a green, O comrade mine, that's
never seen,
A green that's never, never known to
fade.
It's a green of verdant hearts.
Of the youth that ne'er departs;
It's the freshness toll and sorrow cannot
Jade.
Frank Farrington, In New York Sun.
Gen. Kearney's Harsh Words.
"I made a pretty fair jump once,"
said Comrade Murray. "That was at
the second battle of Bull Run, and I
was then in the Third Michigan. At
first we were held in reserve, but
later were in the very thickest of the
fight and under tho heaviest fire I
ever experienced in the army. We
stood it for a time and then the regi
ment melted away and I cut away on
my own hook. Near us was the em
bankment of a railway from which the
rails had been taken, and I made a
dash for that in the belief that if I
could get over I would find shelter
from the murderous fire still raking
the field. As I came to tho embank
ment the problem of how to get over
beset me, but just then1 a shell burst
right behind me and propelled by the
resulting commotion in the air I went
over that embankment like a bird.
"But there was no depression on
the other side, and I was as much ex
posed as ever. Then I made my way
to the woods near, and there I found
Captain Walters of our regiment, a
man named Fish, and several others,
and we put up a very good sort of a
fight Pretty soon Gen. Phil Kearney
came riding down to that neck of the
woods to see what was the matter
with his line. He rode right into our
squad, and, reining back his horse,
asked to what regiment we belonged.
Walters told him and explained how
we got there, and said he didn't know
whether any others of the regiment
got away or not Kearney burst out
with: 'You cowardly sons of guns,
I never saw a Michigan man run be
fore,' and rode away.
"As he left us, Indignant over his
rough speech, a shell struck Fish and
he went down, terribly mangled. Wal
ters and I carried him to an 'ambu
lance and I was detailed to go with
him to the hospital, where Dr. D. W.
Bliss, who afterward became famous,
tried to save Fish by amputating a
leg. He failed, but he held on to me,
and all that night I served as the as
sistant of Dr. Bliss in a good many
amputations, Kearney's rough words
ringing in my ears. I remembered,
however, Kearney in another incident,
and I forgave him. At Harrison's
Landing our company was on picket
when Kearney rode down upon us. It
was a warm day, and the boys were
lying about in some disarray when we
saw the general coming.
"We hustled into blouses and got
into line by the time the general was
ready for his salute. We expected a
scoring, but Kearney, looking about
spied a man under guard, and asked
why he was under guard at such a
time. I replied that he was under
arrest by orders of the lieutenant com
manding the post for fighting in quar
ters. 'Fighting hell,' said the general.
'Isn't that what ho enlisted for. We
want fighting men in front Release
him and send him to his quarters,
or put him on duty.' Then he rode
away. A few days after Bull Run,
Kearney rode into the rebel lines at
Chantilly and was shot" Chicago
Inter Ocean.
Civil War Soldiers Still.
York, Pa., is probably the only city
in the United States that can boast of
having soldiers of the civil war f till
in service.
In 18G2 seven companies were
formed there, mustered into the serv
ice of the state and assigned to the
duty of guarding railway property in
York county. They were stationed
along the Northern Central railway
between the village of Seven Valley
and the Maryland line.
When rumors of Confederate inva
sion would reach the border coun
ties, the young guards would be or
dered out to protect the railway prop
erty. When the rumors died out they
would be permitted to return to their
homes.
The companies were not designated
by letters or titles and were not at
tached to any regiment. Because of
this, or perhaps because of the neg
lect of the military authorities, the
companies were never mustered out
of service and discharges were not is
sued to the men, so that legally the
seventy-five survivors, most of whom
still live, are still in the service of the
state.
-William Wanner, a member of one
of the companies, thinks that the sur
vivors ought to have honorable dis
charges from the state, aud, through
State Senator E. K. McConkey, he will
petition the legislature in behalf of
his surviving comrades. Previous at
tempts have been made by members
of these companies to gain honorable
discharges, but no legislative action
has ever been taken on the matter.
To expediate action upon their pe
tition, Mr. Wanner has suggested that
the seventy-five survivors, when they
apply for discharges, also put in
claims for pay for the forty-one years
they have been in service. Each man's
claim against the state would amount
to $0,393, making the aggregate claims
$479,475.
The seven companies performed
their last active service just prior to
the burning of Chambersburg by tho
Confederate forces. They were then
disbanded and many of their members
enlisted in other companies which saw
hard service at the front.
Orioin of the G. A. R.
Comrade T. H. Hagerty of St Louis,
Mo., past chaplain-in-chief of the G. A.
ft., in a recent communication says:
&s there has been considerable discus
sion as to the origin of the idea of
Lhe G. A. R. organization, will you
allow me to tell you what I know
ibout it? I was personally acquainted
with the Rev. William J. Rutledge of
Illinois, both before and after the war
rf the rebellion. In talking with him j
only a few years before his death he I
Wm
3
told me these facts, as nearly as I can
recall them. I asked him to write
them down, which he promised to do,
but, like some other modest men, I
suppose he deferred until too late. His
statement was as follows:
"As the army was on one, of its
marches in the South near the close
of the war Dr. Stephenson and i were
riding along conversing about vari
ous things when this thought came
into my mind and I said 'Doctor, when
this war is over there should be some
organization among the 'soldiers of
this army to. perpetuate the friend
ships formed in these marches, battles
and campaigns.'
" 'That is a fact. Chaplain,' said Dr.
Stephenson, 'let us mind it when we
get home.' "
The war closed, and by a good
providence both of these men returned
home, Mr. Rutledge to his busy itin
erant life and the Methodist ministry
and Dr. Stephenson to his practice of
medicine in his native town. Dr. Ste
phenson, being active and more a
customed to such organizations, mov
ed forward in the work of organiza
tion.. This is, as I think, the true
history of the origin. If the Rev. Dr.
Rutledge were living to-day, or Dr
Stephenson, either, I think the mattei
would bo settled by those comrades.
"They buiided wiser than they knew,"
when they laid the foundations of the
Grand Army of the Republic. Let us.
their comrades, keep in perfect repaii
the structure they so fortunately and
patriotically built
The Next Encampment.
Boston in 1904.
This was the unanimous vote of the
national encampment of the Grand
Army of the Republic at San Francis
co, and goes to show that the old vet
erans who fought in the civil war for
a united nation know a good thing
when they see it. It also shows that
although the comrades are growing
old and feeble, their minds arc still
clear, and they have not forgotten the
royal good time they had in the Hub
thirteen years, ago and the cordial
welcome and lavish hospitality re
ceived on that occasion.
Everyone then threw open their
houses to the honored veterans who
tought from 'CI to '65, and the same
hospitality will be shown next year.
Boston ians also went deep into their
pockets to defray the expenses -of that
encampment, and so large a fund was
raised that 20 per cent of the amount
subscribed was returned to the donors
after the encampment something un
precedented in the history of the or
der. Boston Herald.
Recalls Naval Victory.
The recent naval maneuvers on the
coast of New England recalls the fact
that the state of Maine fought the
first naval battle of the Revolution
and won the first victory on the water.
Soon after the battle of Lexington the
inhabitants of Machias, Me., erected
a. liberty pole on the village green.
When lchabod Jones, the leading trad
er of the town, came back from his
regular trip to Boston, he was con
voyed by the little British schooner,
the Margaretta, under command of
Midshipman Moore. Moore ordered
the pole to be cut down. The Machias
men seized Jones' own schooner, the.
Unity, under Captain Jeremiat
O'Brien, and went out to do battle"
with Moore. Armed with pitchfork;
the Maine men boarded the Margaretta
and captured her. She was renamod
the Liberty, and did good service foi
the patriot cause against England fot
many months. The warship Machias
in the present navy, commemorates
that exploit
Knapp's Battery.
One of the most interesting features
of the parade of the veterans of the
Grand Army in San Francisco was the
appearance in the ranks of the De
partment of Pennsylvania of six sur
vivors of the heroic Knapp's Penn
sylvania battery of light artillery
This remnant of the 130 men of this
hard fighting command was warmly
greeted along the line. This was the
first occasion on which the battery
hns paraded since it appeared in the
historic grand review of the Federal
troops in Washington in May, 1865.
This battery did efficient work at
Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg and
all through the Shenandoah Valley,
rounding out its brilliant record by
marching with Sherman to the sea
and entering Richmond later with
Grant. This battery also claims the
credit of firing tho shot that killed
the rebel Gen. Polk before Resaca,
but this claim has been hotly dis
puted. Order Is Revoked.
At the request of Pension Commis
sioner Ware, the Secretary of the In
terior has issued an order revoking
the order issued by former Commis
sioncr Henry Clay Evans, May 26.
1900, suspending adjudication of the
claims of minor children of deceased
soldiers filed since 18S0, and after the
age of sixteen years. This order was
in direct conflict with the uniform
rulings and decisions of the depart
ment, which held that the limitations
as to date of filing applications did
not apply to claims of children. The
adjudication of this class of claims
will now be resumed at once.
Improving Soldiers' Home.
The Soldiers' home at Hampton,
Va., is being extensively improved
and enlarged this summer. The im
provements will comprise new quar
ters for the post chaplain, which will
cost $4,500; combination barracks for
old men, costing $7,000, and a general
store and band stand, with some oth
er buildings, costing $4,900, making a
total expenditure of about $17,000. A
portion of this expense will be paid
from tho profits of the home store, the
hotel and the canteen, all of which are
bein run at a profit
The Grand Army.
The adjutant general's report to the
national encampment shows that the
-membership of the Grand Army of the
"republic in New York state is about
30,000, and that the-net loss for years
-vas only sixty, while in other depart-
nent3 there have been substantial
-ins, notwithstanding the high death
e. The gain in the United States
: been as follows: By muster, 8,-
'.; by transfers, 3,608; by reinstate-
nt. 11.673. The losses have been:
.- death. S.36G; by honorable dis-
.;arge. 730; b'y transfers. 2.990; by
ispension. 13,515; by dishonorable
discharge. 76.
i
' About the Farm.
From Farmers Review: Forty
'ears ago this summer we tore down a
arge shed about 100 feet of a circle,
irhlch my father bad built about tea
rears before on high ground. The
nannre was well cleaned up sad
lauled to other parts of the 80-acre
leld.' The land has been farmed every
rear la corn, oats, rye or timothy
neadow. No manure or fertilizer has
te'en put on that part of the field dur
ng these forty years, but each year
'he crops grow much faster and ranker
m the spot where the shed was than
iny other part of the field. The cir
cumference of the shed can be traced
n the crop and a difference seen as
far as one can rce the field.
" In oats, meadow and pastures and
fuong fence rows, (he yellow dock, bur
dock aad thistle seem to grow thicker
than ever. ' They ought to be cut and
tilled before the seed forms to spread
and seed the entire farm.
Can any of your readers tell me how,
first, to klllplantain in a door-yard
without plowing and cultivating it;
second, how easiest and' surest to kill
a patch of Canada thistles; third, how
to get rid of rats around house, barn
and other buildings. O. Dinwiddle, In
diana. The experience of- our correspon
dent, as noted above, gives very val
uable information.'" We have heard it.
9serted that tho effects of stable ma
nure could be seen for twenty years
from the time it was applied. But
here is a man who sees its effects forty
years from the time of its application,
and there is no good reason to doubt
that its effects will be still evident for
some years to come. It is an apparent
fact that barnyard manure helps crops
of all kinds to resist drouth, as the
plants stimulated by barnyard manure
root deeper and grow ranker, thus
shading the ground and preventing
evaporation except through the plants
themselves. The suggestion as to the
cutting of the weeds Is timely and
should be acted upon at once.
We hope our readers will answer the
queries as to plantain, Canada thistles
and rats. The editor of the Farmers'
Review has found that digging up plan
tain is the quickest and best way to
get rid of it With a sharp knife one
can cut off the plants just below the
surface of the ground. He has found
that the only way to kill Canada
thistles is to keep them cut down.
A sharp hoe is very good for this work.
The writer was brought up on a New
England farm where the fight against
the Canada thistle was perennial, and
can boast of having had experience in
this regard. There is no short and
easy way by which to get rid of this
pest Repeatedly cutting them off at
tho ground will destroy them in the
end. As to rats we have found that
phosphorus in some form or other is
very effective. It can generally be ob
tained at drug stores under the name
of "electric paste." Of course it has
to be placed where other animals or
children cannot get at it
Some Tame Grasses in Kansas.
Prof. A. M. Ten Eyck of the Kan
sas Station, in a' bulletin on meadow
fescue, says: The fact that meadow
fescue has proven to be a profitable
crop when grown for seed has per
haps caused it to be valued more high
ly as a pasture and hay grass than it
really deserves. Although no good
comparative tests have been recorded,
yet the general use of the grass at
this station has shown it to be inferior
to orchard grass, both as a hay and
pasture grass. It does fairly well for
pasture when sown with orchard
grass, the two grasses making a bet
ter sod than does orchard grass alone.
For pasture it is usual to sow about
fifteen pounds each of orchard grass
and meadow fescue with three or four
pounds of red clover per acre. Brome
grass (Bromus inermis) has only been
grown at this station in a field way
for four years. It has been cut for
hay and seed and is being used for
pasture the present season. As far
as it has been tried, it is far superior
to meadow fescue both as a hay and
pasture grass. It is more productive,
more hardy, a better drought-resister,
thrives In wet weather, too, makes
a better sod, stock cat it readily, and
'it Is practically equal in feeding value
to the meadow fescue. I have little
hesitation In recommending it for
planting for all parts of the state as
far west as Ellis county. It will
doubtless thrive best in tho northern
counties of the state. At tho Fort
Hays Branch Station, Superintendent
Haney reports a poor catch and crop
from sowings made last fall. The
spring sowings are much better. At
this station both fail and spring sow
ings have succeeded well. Bromus
inermis may be sown broadcast, on
land prepared as described above, at
the rate of 18 to 20 pounds of good
seed per acre.
National Buttermakers.
We have received a communication
from E. Sudendorf, secretary of the
National Creamery Buttermakers' As
sociation, announcing that the execu
tive committee of the association has
come to the conclusion that no con
vention should be held this year. The
next convention will be held at St
I.ouis Oct 20-27, 1904. The committee
recognizes the liberality of the offer of
Sioux Falls to entertain the delegates
this year, and feel that one of the
earliest conventions should go to that
city. We understand that the Califor
nians are endeavoring to get the con
vention for 1905, San Francisco being
the city designated. As all the pre
vious conventions have been held east
cf the Rockies and-the eastern butter
makers would like to see the Pacific
slope, the chances of the Califomians
obtaining what they are after are
doubtless good.
A Boy's Diplomacy.
Carl, a youngster of ten summers,
had been put to bed immediately after
luncheon, and had been told that he
must remain there all afternoon doing
penance for a misdemeanor of which
ho had been guilty. He Is very fond
3f having his mother read to him
when he is an exile of this sort, but
ie offense of which he had been guil
ty on this particular occasion was so
grave that he hesitated about asking
ais mother to lessen the punishment
by reading to him.
"" Finally he called an older sister
nto the room and prevailed upon her
to carry a card to their mother. On
the card waa written:
Master Carl Blank
At Home
Wednesdays-April 6th, three to six.
Mrs. Blank will Read.
Woman's Home Companion.
Importance of Dairying.
H. R. Wright, dairy commissioner
of Iowa, says: Most everybody that
writes or talks about the dairy bust
Bess takes an extreme view, either
that the business Is the only one and
the most profitable one for the farmer,
or that it Is a matter of little mo
ment, and, indeed, for a great number
of fanners, a money losing instead of
a money making occupation. I my
self belong to the optimist class, and
I believe not only that the dairy indus
try of the country Is a very large af
fair, but I believe also that, notwith
standing the apparent high cost ol
production, it Is one of the most prof
itable industries for the Individual
for the section in which it is carried
on, and fqr the country at large. .Be
cause the farmer, with his few old
cows, is the visible and Immediate
representative of the dairy business,
we allow ourselves to imagine that
the dairy business is a very little
thing. The representative of the
dairy Industry stands for the largest
single line of agriculture save one.
His product, with a value of $590,000.
000, Is greater than the annual value
of bogs sold In the United States
($500,000,000); it is greater than the
value of all hay and forage ($484,256,
846) ; Is greater than the value of all
the meat cattle slaughtered ($419,455,
200); it Is greater than the value of
all the wheat produced ($369,945,320);
it is greater than the value of all the
eggs and poultry ($281,178,035); and
it has a cash value almost twice as
much as the value of oats $(217,098,
584); sheep ($50,000,000); barley
($41,681,762); rye ($112,290,640); rice
$8,000,000); and buckwheat ($5,747.
853) of the United States. It far sur
passes the value of cotton ($330,000.
000), and Is second only to the value
of corn produced ($828,258,326).
Hot Weather and Milk.
The farmer that will so provide for
his herd of cows that tho milk yield
will be as great in the hot weather as
in the spring will make money by the
operation. It is a fact well known tc
all, that in the middle of the sum
mer the milk yield is always short
ened on account of the dryness ol
the grass and the abundance of flies
aided possibly by the greater evapora
tion of moisture from the bodies ol
the cows. If this decreased milt
flow resulted in any good to the cowa
or if the milk flow were regainet
after the hot season, the loss woulc
not be so great as it is. But the
milk flow, when allowed to decreasr
for a number of weeks, will not agait
be resumed till the following sprint
when the cows come in fresh. Thii
is a problem on which it is advisa
ble to work till it is solved. We be
llevc the silo is tho surest and quick
est answer that can be given.
Iowa Butter.
Like Wisconsin, Iowa seems to b
forging to the front as a butter-mak
ing state. This is largely the result
of a campaign of education that hai
been carried on for years by th
state agricultural college and the
state dairy and food commission. Pre
lessor G. L. McKay, professor o
dairying at Ames; Christian Lassen
his assistant and H. R. Wright, dair;
and food commissioner of the state
have been powerful factors in lmprov
ing the product of the 800 creameries
Prices have been good and the vol
ume of butter large. Rain has beet
enough abundant to keep the pasture
In good condition. Moreover, ole
selling under its own name has no
interfered to any extent with the sab
of creamery butter. If it has dis
placed any kind of butter it has beei
farm butter of poor quality. It woulc
be interesting to know to what ex
tent the sale of farm butter has beei
thus checked.
Unique Butter Theft
Siberian butter has stirred up s
much enthusiasm among the Russian:
that native thieves have begun steal
ing it Not long ago barrels load ex
with butter at one end of the routi
turned up at the other end full o
ice and stones. So many casks o
butter were lost that the governmen
took up the matter and ran some o
the thieves to earth. It was fount
that they had confederates among the
drivers of the carts that transferrec
the butter. Casks similar to those
containing butter were filled with ice
and stones and left in a lonely place
:n tne ioresi. mere inc exchange
took place. Now tho government Is
arranging to so mark and seal the
butter casks that no exchange ol
casks can be made without detection.
Poor Cream; Bad Butter.
Poor cream caused the closing ol
a new creamery in Minnesota recent
ly. The buildings had been erectec
and equipped at considerable expense
and everything was first-class. A
large supply of cream was received
but the cream itself was very poor
The farmers said they bad too mucb
work to "do to bring their cream ir
more than once a week, and the con
sequence was that the cream receivec"
was of exceptionally poor quality. The
butter made was of course corres
pondingly poor and the money re
ceived for it was not sufficient to pa;
expenses and yield a profit. Hence
the creamery shut down. It was
found to be impossible to buifd up
a valuable reputation on poor butter
Fruit Displays.
The time of year is near when dis
plays of fruit are looked for at fairs
and conventions. Already the horti
cultural societies are sending out cir
culars urging fruit growers to be pres
ent at their meetings with displays.
We can but exhort in the same c4
rection. Mucb good has been done by
the fruit exhibitions of the past; stib
more should be done in the future
More people should contest for the
prizes. The displays are a school in
which the intelligent farmer takes ur
and keeps up the study of varieties ol
fruit One of the great weaknesses ol
our displays so far has been the smali
number of persons participating
Often leading fruit growers will be
found constituting the entire group
of showers of fruit Some of them
will have their exhibits in nearly aL'
classes. Not infrequently a very large
part of the aggregate display is made
by one man. As a result, a consider
able amount of only common fruit is
shown, though some of the product
may be exceptionally fine. The show
man is not to be blamed, but rather
commended, as be has simply occu
pied vacant space. What we want is
a great number of people showing
enly their very best product and
methods.
Ponds far Geeee.
From Farmers Review: Not
Snowing just what Is meant by the
term ponds, I will treat the subject
sn the more general term, all waters
for geese, whether ponds, runalag
streams or pools of water. We have
raised geese for twenty or more years
ja a farm where geese have access
lo all of these retreats. We must not
forget that the goose is a water fowl,
and water seems to be her chief
tource of pleasure. As to the bene
fits to be derived from a running
stream, its chief benefit is In the
sarly spring, when ponds and pools
re frozen. They seek these retreats,
and in their sportive exercise, frollc
ing and bathing, they are led to co
habit early in tho year, so that our
early eggs are just as fertile as the
later ones. During the long and in
active winter these occasional outings
produce a healthy and vigorous body,
this being conducive to the fertility
of then- eggs. Of course these bene
fits accrue also from the pond after
the season opens. Were I asked
whether I considered the pond of
much value in goose culture, I would
say emphatically, yes. Our geese
(true to goose nature) seek out these
ponds and pool retreats, And have
many times remained m and around
them for several days at a time, w&ea
the season Is warm and wet. and have
remained several days without return
ing home, and then only to lay, and
off again for these summer resorts of
the goose fr.mily. Aside from the
healthy exercise they obtain much
nourishment in a variety of forma.
While our geese are out thus forag
ing, some of our neighbors' geese,
which are less fortunate, lounge
around on the meadow or rest a con
siderable part of the time. I have
also noticed that some of our neigh
bor's geese apparently wait until a
shower furnishes a pool in order to
make it convenient for them to co
habit. It is certainly true that a pond
conduces much to the fertility of eggs,
in stimulating their sexual organisms.
We breed only the two buff varieties,
and in keeping a careful record of
eggs set, I find that from 50 to 100
per cent of eggs in setting have
hatched. Of course not grain stuffed
vntil abnormally fat Had I no water.
I would certainly have at least a large
tub planted level with the ground al
ways filled with water during the
early spring and during the mating
season. I have said nothing of bene
fits derived, in growing geese, but for
them from the point of rapid growth
I think the pond very valuable after
the gosling has grown its wing feath
ers, and even very young geese we
have allowed to run to these places
and they seemed to grow with that
mushroom speed so peculiar to geese.
If ponds arc infested with turtles, no
costings will long survive if allowed
to enter the pond. J. H. Leatherman,
Medina county, Ohio.
Protect Fowls From Lice.
From Farmers' Review: The pro
tection of fowls from lice is one of
the essential points in raising poul
try, especially in getting show birds.
I find by close observation during my
recent years of experience along this
line that there are two different fam
ilies of these troublesome pests. The
small mites that arc found about and
on the roosts and the large lice that
breed on the fowls. The last men
tioned are not very hard to get rid of
if each fowl is dusted liberally with
some good insect powder occasional
ly. A convenient time to apply this
Is after they have gone to roost. The
first mentioned are the ones that take
persistent effort to keep down. The
following rules strictly adhered to are
as good as I have been able to find:
First, clean your house thoroughly of
droppings, litter and cobwebs, etc.,
and burn plenty of brimstone in it
Then whitewash it, using plenty of
carbolic acid in the mixture. Then,
after scalding roosts with hot water,
paint them with lice paint, and you
have a clean house. Keep dropping
boards clean every day and have
roosts painted over every two or
three weeks, and the victory is al
most If not entirely won. If one uses
an incubator he need not be bothered
with lice on young chickens, but with
hens the battle is on. These are my
plans, which I find arc very success
ful: Dust the hen when set thorough
ly with insect powder, then again the
third week, and then again when done
hatching, also all the little fellows.
and put in a coop that you feel sure
i: free of lice. Cleanliness, first, last
and all the time, Is the prevention I
which Is worth several pounds of I
cure. P. B. Harshman,
county, Illinois..
Moultrie
The Guinea Hen and Hawks.
It is a superstition that a few gui
nea hens in a flock of fowls will keep
away hawks, and some farmers pur
chase the Guinea fowls for thl3 pur
pose. But it is doubtful if they have
any value at all for this purpose. A
poultryman that breeds them says
that it is a mistake, and that hawks
care nothing for them. This is prob
ably the case. Thus another popular
belief is shattered. The Guinea hen
is also credited with being a good
watch-dog, setting up a great clatter
on the approach of midnight maraud
ers. The facts in the case seem to be
that the Guinea hen frequently take3
it into her head to set up a clatter
whether there arc marauder? or not.
Thi3 is, however, nothing against Gui
nea hens, as they are producers of
very edible flesh and are very profita
ble to raise. Doubtless they will re
ceive more attention from breeders
in the future than they have received
in the past
Raise Mere Pigs.
When pigs are handled in a proper
way they prove profitable to the farm
er. There are ways of handling and
feeding that will make them unprofit
able and there are ways of handling
that will make them profitable. The
variety to be kept will often deter
mine the results. When there Is little
pasture for them the number kept
should be small, as pigs fed a ration
of grain only cannot generally yield
a profit. It Is possible to have so
many pigs that they will be unprofit
able; but the trouble is generally the
Dther way. Not enough pigs are be
ing raised on American farms. The
farmers are all too generally depend
ing on one crop of pigs a year to
give them a profit The high ccst of
Winter feed has stimulated this move
ment; but the process should be re
versed. We must have more fall pigs
and use our wits In gettiBg cheap feed,
for them.
Mixed Ratiem for Farm Harass.
Maay horse feeders regard oats as
almost necessary, and it is aoaatless
tree that 1b large regions of the Unit
ed States the most cosmos ration for
horses consists of oats aad say, -with
aa occasional bran mash. In tho
South and West com seems to he the
most common feed, especially In raral
districts. Maay experiments have
been reported which support the
theory that horses may be satisfac
torily fed and reasonable combination
of wholesome materials which supplies
the required nutrients in due proper
tlon. In other words, protein sad en
ergy are required by the animal body
rather than any special feed. Believ
ing that mors horses should he raised
and that aa economic system of feed
mg would he an incentive to horse
breeders, OL W. Barken of the New
Hampshire Station, receatiy stadled
the comparative valae of a anmber of
mixed rations with the station farm
horses during a period of two years.
The rations were so planned that an
abundance of nutritive material was
supplied by grata mixtures which were
cheaper than oats. Throughout tho
greater part of the experimental period
hay was fed with the grain. Daring
a part of the time corn fodder was
used. The comparative merits of tho
following five rations were studied In
the first test: Hay 10 pounds. Bran 2
pounds, corn 6 pounds, and gluten feed
6 pounds; hay 10. bran 2. corn 6. oats
8; hay 10, corn 8. and bran 7; hay 10,
corn 8. linseed oil meal 4; and hay 10,
cottonseed meal 1, bran 2 and corn 8.
Each of tho five horses included In the
investigation received one of tho ra
tions for one month, the rations being
rotated, so that during the five months
of the test each horse was fed all the
lations. Tho following .were somo of
the conclusions arrived at:
Any food stuff or combination of
food stuffs furnishing the desirable
nutrient at least cost should bo con
sidered in preparing rations for horses.
A mixture of bran and corn, half an
half, is a good substitute for corn
and oats for feeding work horses.
Corn stover is a gooo subatituto for
timothy hay for winter feeding of
horses because of its feeding value,
the yield per acre and commercial
value. A change from a grain mix
ture, consisting partially of linseed
oil meal, slowly or abruptly, does not
cause a decrease of weight In horses
if a proper substitute ration Is fed.
The average total cost per year for
actual food supply per borso was
$74.32. The average cost for food per
hour's work done during two years
was 3.4 cents.
Care cf Sheep.
A Canadian shepherd says: The
lamb crop, like any other, to bo suc
cessful, must be prepared for before
hand; therefore, as the breeding sea
son approaches the ewes ought to bo
getting in good condition, and it can
not be done easier than by giving
them the run of the stubble-fields
after the grain is stacked. Before the
breeding season is over the winter
will have set In. and the flock wfll be
In their winter quarters. No elabo
rate building is' necessary. A hay
rack running ronnd the inside, with
a small door in the center, just large
enough for one sheep to go In and
out when the big door Is shut It
must be dry and entirely free from
drafts for the sheep to do well; 30x60
feet will be ample accommodation fo
a hundred good-sized ewes, until
lambing time. The winter feed should
be wild hay, oat straw or oat sheaves.
They may be allowed to run at tho
oat stack, if care is taken to remove
the overhanging portions as they eat
it away from under, to prevent tho
chaff from getting into their wool.
The bay is fed in the rack inside, and
only what they will eat up clean. Al
ways clean out the racks before tho
next feeding. I have often heard it
said that sheep won't drink water,
but that is a mistake; they will drink
large quantities of water at the right
time and place. They won't drink
out of a water hole on a cold day, but
watered in their pens and in troughs,
a hundred head will drink almost two
barrels a day. I think good water is
most important. Keep salt whero they
can get it at all times, summer and
winter.
Feeding the Brood Sew in Montana
A bulletin of the Montana station
says: The brood sow can forage the
greater part of the year. During tho
later stages of pregnancy a little
grain food should' be supplied, tho
amount depending upon her condition
of flesh; this, however, will not bo
ntppssarv durinx the time 8ho is
gleaning from the grain fields. Tho
forase jn general being leguminous
any one of the cereal grains may bo
used as supplementary food. Whllo
nursing the litter access should al
ways be given to the forage grounds
when possible, and a liberal grain
ration fed. Immediately after far
rowing a light ration of sloppy feed
consisting of skim milk, shorts, bran
and oats is most satisfactory; tho
heavier grain food3 can be gradually
added. During the period of rest or
early pregnancy in the winter months
the brood sow can be maintained on
sugar beets, carrot1; or mangolds with
a one-third grain ration added.
Spring farrowing has hitherto been
favored, but the climatic and food
conditions are such that fall litters
can be handled almost equally well.
Famous Finhter Dead.
Juan T. Cardenas, a veteran Indian
fighter. Confederate Eoltlier. police
captain, editor and e.x-alderman. died
at San Antonio. Tex., the other day.
He was descended from an old and
wealthy Mexican family.
London correspondents announce
that it Is the policy of the British gov
ernment to hereafter govern the Trans
vall as a crown colony in the strictest
sense of the term, that is, by officials
appointed from England and backed
by a large and permanent military gar
rison. The permanence of effect is one of
the most valuable characteristics of
farmyard manure, as, if once applied
In a rotation, it benefits all the crops
in the rotation.
The cucumber flea-beetle may bo
driven off by the application of freshly
slaked lime or soot
The weather man sits up all night
figuring out how he may best make
a liar out of the newspaper, para
graphed Love at first- sight is often a case
of looking through the wrong end of
tho telescope. Pittsburg Dispatch.
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