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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 23, 1903)
Sir; &&&& -.- . " y V - -'V LIVE 15 HI IMMIMI MMMIMIIIHII . . l I Matters m Nebraska. - - g STOCK ammwr5fnV RBBJ b HmT i ajmgjgBSsT mOss "TBm vmaB'aaw''SnjgnFnAt Bv3sammaftF'mml BBBh gghLa'PlPSamBBBuMr f tft K if' ; ' X...- br."' ", V I -v ir- i- j B. - - r. ---... fcj. ?"":. hj " i. i - r X, -. - s -. KV.' 4 ;r - 3a. .. TNC STATE IN A NUTSHELL. Tic city or Fremont is just forty sevea yean old. Rural mail carriers of Jokasoa coaaty have organized aa association. t Carpenters working oa the Argo starch works at Nebraska. City west 6m a strike. The Village of Crah Orchard, Joan so county, had a Are, three building being destroyed. Frank Seeley, a postal clerk who runs.between Lincoln aad Omaha, was severely aad probably fatally iajured by the falling of a starlight im the dethiatT store of Ewlng Bros., la Lin cow. For the fret time ia several years adariasioB was charged Tisitors to the state penitentiary darlag the state fair. Over 3,000 persons paid 10 cents each to get la aad look at the vnfor- Requisition papers were issaed hy Governor Mickey for the retain to lia cola of George H. Engleaardt, under arrest at Cllatoa. Ia. The mum Is charged with ahaadoaiag his illegiti mate child aad will be tried under the new law enacted by the late legis latere. William Parmort of York, who de serted his family last spring and was arrested ia Soath Dakota and brought hack aad placed la the( conaty pail, pleaded gailty to the charge and was released oa $200 bonds to support his family aad $400 to appear at the next term of the district court A district meeting of the Farmers George H. Eaglehart was bound over to the district court of Lancas ter coaaty ia the sum of $300 under the abandonment law passed by the last legislature. Englehart is mar ried and is accused by Maggie Eberly with being the father of her child, which he deserted as soon as it was bora. Co-operative Grata aad Live Stock association was held in Holdrege. Rep resentatives were present from Hold rege aad neighboring towns. Reports were read from Kansas aad Nebraska aad notes compared as to work be iag doae la various places in this state. thieves broke into a Burlington freight car and several boxes of mer chandise disappeared, which had been billed to merchants in Platts mouth. The car arrived ia Platta mouth early in the morning and it is thought the robbery may have occur red before the train left Omaha or while en route. Governor Mickey was badly shak en up in a wreck which occurred on, the Rock Island three miles soutth of Seymour. Ia. The engine tender jumped the track and carried with it the mail, baggage, express and smok ing cars. ' The governor was in n sleeper at the time and was pretty badly Jolted, but came out uninjured. Superintendents from all the state Institutions except the penitentiary met' with Chief Clerk Mickey and dis cussed a system of uniform bookkeep ing. All the heads of the institutions were willing to accept the advice of Mr. Mickey aad they will m the fu ture keep a cash- book, a fund record, individual record, and, if they desire, a day blotter. Nels 8waason, a well-to-do Swedish farmer, aged 57. living seven miles southwest of Axtell, committed suicide -by, severing arteries of the left wrist.' Expease statements of district judge nominees -tied in the omce of the secretary of state show that B. O. Kretatager of the First district paid $2.90, as a delegate to the convention; R. J. Stinsoa of the Sixth district paid out $2.70 railroad fare; E. F. Clark of the -Twelfth parted with $13.75. while it coat A. F. Parsons of the Thir teenth and B. C. Page of the Fourth The 'state banking board has com pleted Ita report of the condition of the fifty-five building nnd loaa asso riaUoas of the state, dated Jane 30, and; the report "has been received from the printer. It ahowa in every re spect a healthy .condition of the as soemtioas and much increase over the report of last year. The increases, are: la assets, $5tt.lS5.4: in loans; $C144(9.44; in annual buslaesa, $300, aeaad ia shares of stock in force. 23,341. Thirty Seventh Day Adveatists had a decidedly cool experience nt Grand bland. In connection witht the an nual encampment in that city, bap- services were held at Otta The rite of baptism ia the Ad- veatlst church includes complete im mersion, aad a platform was built out into the water. The weather was de cidedly cold, bat this did not inter fere with the complete carrying out of the program. Dr. J. H. Hall.. C. A. Rawls and G. F. Honseworth, comprising the board ef raaaaity of Cass conaty, went to South Bend and examined Mrs. E. Sturzeaegger and Mrs. Lean Weaver . and decided that each was a It sub?" fact for the asylum for the insane. A man named Torbett of Beatrice. taken before the Uaited States at Liacola on the of eeadiag obscene literature through the mails. Peadiag action by the grand jury he was released oa his Joseph Lake, who has for eighteen I years been the assistant foreman inl -xae concn aepanmeui.oi iae vuruag tan in Fhtttsmoutb. resigned his po awJen. He expects to leave soon with has. family for Seattle." Wash., where they will reside ic the future. Bbabcrt was visited by a destruc tive fire, entailing a loss of $3,000 and teVli n lag ave buildings and the punt ef it Shabect Cttisjpn, the weekly na- there. The. canfagra- froaa the upsetting of Jnjtlel . HIHIIIIIIIIMIHH HII IIHIHMM' NEBRASKA AT THE FAIR. What ia Being Dane far the State's Representation. OMAHA Assistant Secretary H. G. Shedd of the Nebraska commission to the world's fair has returned from Lincoln, where the commission had its headquarters during the state fair. "The iaterest displayed by the vari ous people who intend to make dis Plsys at the fair or are in aay way interested ia the exhibits is very strong, and cheering, too," said Mr. Shedd. "the live stock interests es pecially being well attended to by the owners, who are very eager to have a grand display of the state's re sources ia this line." Messrs. Matt Miller and Wattles of the commission were in Lincoln for the greater part of the week attend ing the 'sittings of the commission; and the various superintendents of the different interests were nt the state fair, looking up available exhib its 'for 'the St. Leuis expositkm. E. M. Pollard of the horticultural depart ment selected a fine lot of fruit, which was cwTdisplay. and forwarded it to St Louis, to be placed In cold stor age for later exhibit James Walsh, superintendent of agriculture, also col lected some Ane specimens of grain, corn, etc., and this was forwarded to Omaha for safe keeping. October 18. being the fiftieth anni versary of the first Nebraska territor ial governor taking the oath, will be Nebraska day at the fair, and the state and other historical societies are combining with the commission to make the day a memorable one for Nebraska people. BOUND TO HAVE A MONUMENT. Mandamus Proceedings Brought in Supreme Court LINCOLN Application for a writ of mandamus to compel the governor to appoint a commission of five per sons, residents of Nebraska, to select a spot on the state house campus and erect thereon a monument to the memory of Abraham Lincoln has been filed in the supreme court by Representative John H. Clay, who introduced the bill in the legislature authorizing the governor to name the commission. Attention is called to the fact that the bill was passed by both branches of the legislature by a large majority and that the failure to secure the sig natures required was purely through the oversight of an employe. The bill was approved by the gov ernor. April 14 and became a law July 9. It carried aa appropriation of $10. 000 and required that the people of Lincoln also contribute another $10. 000 to the monument fund. The gov ernor has refused to appoint the com mission simply because of the tech nical points involved, and It has been agreed to allow the courts to settle the question in a friendly suit. Child Swallowa Sandhurr. GRAND ISLAND Little Louise f Welaberg had a narrow escape from death, having swallowed a sandburr. The burr lodged in the throat and the little one was in great distress until the frightened mother took he roic measures and removed the burr. Militia Preparing for Maneuvers. The members of the second regi- nt Nebraska National Guard, are getting in shape to take part in the maneuvers nt Fort Riley, beginning at a date in October to be named, later. The regiment will be under the com mand of Colonel McDonald, and be sides the regiment the signal corps, with the hospital corps attached, will also go from Nebraska. Eight Theuaand Present DAKOTA CITY Eight thousand people waa the estimate placed on the attendance nt- the twenty-second an nual reunion aad picnic of the Pio neers and Old Settlers association of Dakota county. Sugar Beets Water Soaked. GRAND ISLAND The recent wet weather has had a deteriorating ef fect on the beets In this vicinity. It is hoped to start the factory on Octo ber 1 for the three nnd one-half months run. Thresher Crushes Hand. HOLDREGE John Salisbury, workiag with a threshing machine gang five miles southwest of Atlanta, caught hia left hand in the gearing of the blower and the hand was crush ed to a pulp, leaving only the little finger. His companions drove with him to Holdrege, about sixteen miles distant where he received medical attendance. Salisbury is a married man and has a family living in Har lan county. Preacher Gould Convicted. CENTRAL CITY The case of Rev. Richard A. Gould, for stealing and running away with Eva Flint a female child under the age of sixteen years, waa submitted to the jury, who re turned n verdict of guilty as charged in the information. The penalty is from one to twenty years in the peni tentiary. This is perhaps the first conviction in a prosecution under the law of child stealing, as amended by the legislature of 1901. Game Law Prosecution. LINCOLN Game Warden Carter has sent a representative to Falls City to prosecute a wealthy citizen of that place for haviag fifty fish in hit possession which he had caught in a seine nnd was selling on the mar ket. Special Deputy Sears arrested the man aad took him before a justice of the peace. The transgressor was al lowed 'to plead guilty to havmg two ftahga his possession and was, s&scss t4 a. aminjl the. ' The Generation Debt. ar on a mountain crest ahead A hat tip roarod. tow in the vale the many strove: rne few attained the neignu anova Where fame, her shining wings out spread. Alluring soared. An old man fell, by fame ignored. His striving done. He saw a younger walting'nlgh. He heard the far-off battle cry. "Stay not!" he said. "Gird on my sword. God speed you, son!" h, youth to victory assigned. Toss not your head. Prize not too low that rich bequest For you that gain the mountain's crest Fight but the cause of one behind. Unknown and dead. Newark Evening News. Sheridan's Famous Ride. George Phillipsa New York police nan who does duty at the city hall, is ane of the last surviving eyewitnesses ol Sheridan's famous ride. .He was :hlef wagonmaster in Sheridan's army n the valley campaign, and he has riven an account of the affair. It is relieved to be thoroughly accurate, ind it is certainly forcible and dra matic Mr. Phillips says: "Gen. Phil had gone up to Washing ion for something, I don't know what '.eaving Gen. Wright in command. The boys had lite confidence in Wright, but they loved Merritt and Custer. Early and his Rebs rushed our lines at Cedar Creek, twenty miles south west of Winchester. Sheridan in Washington heard of it He went out by the railroad and crossed the Po tomac at Stevenson's landing. From there he hurried to Winchester, where he met Wright, and from him, ob tained the details of the fight He left Wright In Winchester and mount ed the famous black horse. The horse was black, all right, at least he was when he started. "I had parked my wagon at one side of the turnpike to give the horses a rest We were on the run, no ques tion about that We were scooting for Harper's Ferry and the Maryland side of the Potomac, and the Rebs were popping at us at every jump. With my wagons parked and the horses feeding and resting by the turnpike I was watching the boys run. "Some were limping and staggering along. They had thrown away their guns and blankets and expected to be killed or captured any minute. I nev er saw anything else like it the way the boys were hoofing it to the Poto mac The entire army was beaten and demoralized. There was no or der and every man was trying to save himself. It was a cloudy, gloomy day and all of us felt pretty blue. Sud denly we heard a terrible shouting and yelling up the turnpike, Winches ter way, and a minute later we saw Phil, on his black horse, coming down the road. "Oh, say! Lordy. Lordy! Talk about rides! The horse had been black, but he was covered with white foam. Phil was not waving any sword. He had his old campaign hat in his hand. He was covered with mud, but he kept waving the old hat and yell ing, 'Come back, boys; come back! To the front, boys! Follow me!' His staff was strung out for 300 yards be hind him, whipping and spurring, try ing to keep up. "As Gen. Phil galloped by the wag on he waved his old hat at us and yelled: 'Get back to the front! We'll need rations! Did we yell? Gee! There never was anything else like it Why, say, old fellows who had been limping along to the rear and swear ing at every step, some of them with out guns, turned around, and, so help me, they kept up with Phil's black horse for half a mile, running back to the front "That was a great ride, if the poet did not get mixed in his details. Sheri dan won the day by that ride. The best help he had was from our com missary stores. The Rebs had cap tured the stores and stopped to eat crackers and drink whisky. We had lots of both, and some of the Rebs had not had even a cracker for three days. When they broke into our stores they decided they had rather eat crackers and drink whisky than shoot Yanks, so they gave Gen. Phil time to make his twenty-mile, ride and rally his men." New York Sun. First Time Under Fire. "I shall never forget the first time I was under fire," said Col. Thomas Crenshaw to a party of veterans who were fighting their battles o'er again. "We were supporting a battery and had lain down on a stretch of ground as level as a ballroom floor. The con feds were beyond rifle shot, but they opened ou us with artillery, and they did everlastingly plow up the ground with shot and shell. Every old sol dier knows that artillery fire at long range is not half so much to be dread ed as the rattle of musketry, which sounds on the battlefield like Chinese firecrackers in a thunderstorm, but it is a good deal more 'skeery' to a nov ice. There we lay for half an hour, never moving a finger, watching the puffs of flame from a dozen cannon and the shells coming tearing through the air with their fiendish shriek, ap parently headed directly for our faces. I tell you a position of that kind tries the very soul of your raw recruit Give him a chance to shoot back and he is all right but fighting is one thing and waiting to get killed with out striking a blow is quite another. "But there was more ahead for us. After the artillery duel had raged for some time a regiment of confederate cavalry debouched from the wood with all the deliberation and precision of a dress parade. They were Missis sippians. tall, athletic fellows, who sat their horses like centaurs. They halted and dressed ranks while the batteries' behind them hurled a per fect rain of shells over their heads. We could see their colonel riding down the line and pointing with his sword to our battery, which was plunging shells in among them with frightful rapidity but little effect They advance a step or two, every horseman seeming to choose his ground. Here they come, slowly, steadily, like a great gray wave, con scious of irresistible power. The bu gle rings out sharp and shrill, they break into a quick trot. 800 sabers leap into the air and the stars and bars stream out on the smoky back ground like a portentous meteor. On they come; 800 yards. 700. 600! Gads, has our battery gone silent? Fixe hundred, 400! Charge! .Every P"r sinks deep, the 'rebel yell' rises from every throat and the column leaps forward like a thunderbolt into the face of which .crashes the canister from our four six-pounders. Great ragged holes are torn 'through the tour-deep .column, but tbsy close in Itantly, and it comes on unchecked. . !tow tt is. our tu! JW ire !n front of the battery, in the pathway of the avalanche. We poor a volley into it at 80 yards!" A hundred brave men. reel out of their saddles, a hun dred horses go plunging to their knees! The line wavers! Another volley and another! The line breaks and suddenly retreats, while we owing our caps and cheer and hug each oth er for joy. And that was war!" St Louis Globe Democrat Had Personal Scores to Settle. "I remember how surprised some of the young fellows were who went, early in 1861, to eastern Kentucky with Lieutenant William Nelson, at the spirit of the men who came to our camps from' the mountain districts," says a veteran. "We had no personal hatred of the men in the Confederate army, but these mountain men had. Each neighborhood group had a score to settle with a group on the other side, and there were cases in which the sole survivor of a family was con sumed with 6uch hunger for vengeance on bis enemies as to become a mystery to his comrades. "The first recruiting in eastern Ken tucky was done under peculiar circunv stances. The first regiments from the state were organized in Indiana and Ohio, and not a few mountain men joined these. In May, June, and July 1861, there was recruiting in eastern Kentucky, but with the understanding that no- regiments were to be organ ized until after the elect. in August Immediately after that election there was a quick concentration of eager vol unteers from east Tennessee and the eastern counties of Kentucky at Camp Dick Robinson "Before this the companies in th several counties had been secretly in service and had done some good work on their own hook and possibly some work not so good. They were only loosely organized and the men scat tered to their homes or hid in the mountains whenever the rebel cavalry appeared in their neighborhoods. When they came into camp in August they had had considerable experience in adventure and they soon became good soldiers, barring their disposition to roam at will, to fight independently, and to shoot an old enemy on sight" Played for High Stakes. Gen. Miles tells in his "Personal Recollections" the following story of happenings in the camp of his division the night after the battle of Sailor's Creek, at which a Confederate wagon train was captured: "After the troops were in position for the night and the soldiers had partaken of their spare meal of coffee and crackers they grati fied their curiosity by a rigid inspec tion of the day's trophies, and several of the wagons were found loaded with the assets of the Confederate treasury, which bad been brought out of that department at Richmond. Then fol lowed a most extraordinary 'spectacle of jollity and good humor. A Monte Carlo was suddenly improvised in the midst of the bivouac of war. 'Here's the Confederate treasury, as sure as you are a soldier! ' shouts one. 'Let's all be rich,' says another. 'Fill your pockets your hats, your haversacks, your handkerchiefs, your arms, if you please,' was the word. And the Confederate notes and bonds were rap idly disbursed. If they were at a dis count they were crisp and new and in enormous denominations. Spreading their blankets on the ground by the bivouac fires the veterans proceeded with the comedy and such preposter ous gambling was probably never be fore witnessed. Ten thousand dollars was the usual 'ante'; often $20,000 to 'come in'; a raise-of $50,000 to $100,000 was not unusual and fre quently from $1,000,000 to $2,000,000 was in the 'pool.' 'Be prudent, strang er." 'Don t go beyond your means, my friend.' were some of the remarks fre quently heard amid roars of laughter Cured by Novel Medicine. "Talking of sick men," said an Eleventh Ohio man, "our surgeon used to tell a good story of a man whose case puzzled all the doctors in our division. This particular man had been sick for some weeks, when the regiment was ordered from West Vir ginia to Kentucky and Tennessee. No body knew what was the matter with him, axcept that he was very sick, and the doctor decided to try an ex periment. "He had the invalid carried to an army wagon and put in without blank et or htraw. Then, there were thrown in loosely several picks and shovels, and the wagon was started on its rough journey riverward. The jolting of the wagon kept the picks and shov els on the move, to the great incon venience of the sick man, and he shouted to the .surgeon. 'What in thun der did you put these shovels and picks in for?' "The doctor rode up and explained that, as he had a mysterious disease that had baffled all treatment, the surgeons had decided that a man so affected could live only a short time, and the picks and shovels had been put in so that he might be buried with out loss of time. Thereupon the fel low swore he wouldn't die, and rous ing himself to effort, got well. The "heavy dose of pick and shovel cured him." First Gun at Fart Sumter. A son of the late Maj. Wade Hamp ton Gibbts of Columbia, S. C, as sures the Charleston News and Cour ier that it was his father who as a lieutenant fired the first gun. a signal gun, at the attack on the Fort Sum ter, Charleston "Harbor, on the morn ing of April 12. 1861. He writes: "At Lieut. Gibbes battery the signal gun was aimed to burst a shell high in the air; another gun vas carefully aimed at the fort, and the wires-were laid ready to explode a mine under an old house in the way. As nearly as possi ble those things were done simul taneously. Now. which of the shots fired at the fort from the three separate-mortar batteries by Capt James, Mr. Rufiln or Lieut Gibbes' battery was the second shot, no man may cer tainly say." A Dish of Happiness. Take one large spoonful of useful ness, one cup of love for mother, an other cup of love for your little broth ers and sisters, a pound of wishes xo make others happy, a saltspoonful of wishing to be happy yourself; mix, well together, and see if It doesn't make the nicest kind of an afternoon' for anybody Yield ef Iowa Farms. Iowa produces $400,000,000 in aaTicuttural products. yearly . Raising Turkeys. Front Farmers' Review: It to me that our western fanners do tot give enough attention to this grand variety of fowls. So many think, I suppose, that they are hard to mice, nnd that the price which they bring In the market hi not common turate with the bother nnd work ne cessary .to mint them, bat too many X them go at it the wrong way. My way of raising turkeys is as follows, tad I have always met with good sue- - After a few warm days as spring approaches, the turkey hen will begin to think of nesting, and where early turks are desired make nests near tome of the outbuildings, in a desir able place, with barrels having both ends out With both ends out of the barrel the hen can go on and leave her nest without disturbing her eggs in the leant for if she should by any mistake or accident break an egg she would be very apt to acquire the habit of egg-eating, which is very had In n chicken, but doubly so in a turkey hen. After she has laid some twelve or fifteen eggs, she will be wanting to sit and if you want large turks nnd heavy weights in the fall regardless of the numbers, set her. But if yon wish more eggs and a larger number of turks, let her choose her own nest; thrown upon her own resources she will sometimes wander quite a dis tance hunting a suitable place to de posit her eggs. You should keep watch of her and daily remove the eggs lest they be come chilled. Substitute a nest egg of some kind, nnd nearly every time you get a turkey egg place a hen's egg in the nest After she has laid a number of eggs and thinks of set ting, remove all the nest eggs nnd break up her nest. Taken by surprise she will soon make herself another nest, not far from the former, and begin laying again. A turkey hen can be made to lay thirty or forty eggs in a season by following up this plan. I allow fifteen eggs, as a general rule, to a turkey hen, although an old one could probably cover more than that number. After they have hatched I allow them free range, but keep them in a field where the 'grass is short, as the tall grass on dewy mornings Is hard on the young urks. After they are two weeks old I allow them to go wherever they please. When they are able to fly well, I drive them home to roost, keeping this up until they come without it As turkeys are of a nomadic dis position, the only true way to raise them is with the turkey hen. She will take them out into' the meadows, teach them to eat grass and clover, and that natural food of all fowls, grasshoppers, bugs and' other insects, and the sooner they are compelled to subsist principally on them the health ier they will become, and the better it will be for the farmer, as they de stroy the insects which some years play such sad havoc with his crops. Of this great American breed of fowls there are many varieties, the Narraganset, slate, white and mam moth bronze being the most popular. Each of these varieties has its friends, but I believe the mammoth bronze to be the most desirable, as it combines vigor, size (I having had one once that reached the remarkable weight of fifty-two pounds), and beauty above all varieties. It is not an uncommon things for a bronze male to tip the scales at forty pounds. Young birds will weigh, with proper care and feed ing, males twenty to twenty-five pounds and females from ten to fif teen pounds by Thanksgiving, nnd, taking into consideration care, feed, etc., I believe there is nothing the farmer raises that will net him as much clear money as a flock of tur keys. No domestic fowl is more easily de generated by inbreeding than the tur key. This is a great mistake, too often made by our farmers and be cause of this many meet with failure and declare that the turkey is a hard fowl to raise. They should procure a male every year not nkln to their turkeys. These can be bought from our best breeders at from $3 to $5 each, accordingto quality, size, etc, which is very reasonable when you consider the cost of advertising, cor respondence, crating, etc. I believe that the time is near at hand when poultry of all kinds will not be con sidered by our farmers as a secondary matter, but will receive the care and attention it deserves. J. B. McAllis ter, Linn County, Iowa. Points on Guinea Fowls. Guinea fowls have dark colored flesh, but it is very palatable. In-breeding results in rendering the birds tender and reduces their size. The young of birds given their free dom are hardy and will follow their mother as soon almost as they are cat of the shell; at lease they are good trampers after they are a day old. The young live on bugs and seeds . discovered for them by the mothers. In the early laying season the birds will lay their eggs anywhere, and several will deposit their eggs in the same locality. When about to sit they seek separation and lay a dozen or more eggs in a hidden nest, where they incubate them. The guineas differ from common fowls in that the males are as anxious about the brood as is the hen, and helps take care of them during the day time,' forsaking them at night Guinea hens and their broods for age in a body, the old males helping to keep up the laggards of the line. At night each mother collects her own bro-jd. The young at a very early age learn to roost in the trees, even before they ;an reach the branches by flying, rhey half fly an1, half run up the trunk of the tree. Guinea eggs are very fertile and i large percentage of the birds hatch 3d live it they 'are permitted to run wild with their mother. Like the turkey, the guinea pre fers the open tree top to the secure poultry bouse. A Bargain. It was In the raspberry-season, and & freckled, barefooted little girl in n orn blue calico gown came to the loor of a country boarding-house to '.ell some berries she had gathered. "How much are your berries?" asked the mistress of the house. " "They are fifteen cents a quart, na'am. But," she ' added, in the tame breath, "If you don't want them. ?ou can have them for ten." "I dont want them, so yon may give me three quarts," replied the avdy. merrily. Woman's Horn Com-aion. seems Rosebud Curculie. We illustrate the Rosebud curcuMo, all parts being enlarged. The insect is about one-fourth of an inch long. At a Is shown the adult beetle; b. larva; c, egg; d, sldeview of head of beetle; e, bud injured' by the beetle; f, month parts of the larva; g, mouth parts of the beetle. Reproduced from bulletin of the Montana experimental station. This insect has been little studied and its hibernating habits are not known. It occurs in many parts of the United States, and seems to find the wild rose its natural ally. The beetle is sometimes found eating ripe raspberries and blackberries, but does no particular damage to the rose bush f $ 1ST and foliage. The damage Is done to the rose-bud in which it deposits its egg. The grub, on hatching, feeds on the seeds of the rose apple, and attains fall size in its birth place. In October it eats its way out and disappears into the ground. The damage is done to the roses by the holes bored in depositing the eggs, a good many buds so punctured drying up and dropping. Some, how ever, live and bloom, and in these the larva grows. The remedy is the hand picking of the rose apples before the grubs emerge. These affected buds can be told by the discolored area on the side of the apple in which the punc ture was made when the egg was In serted. Good Trees for Small Lots. From Farmers' Review: The Cut leaved Birch is of rapid growth, and very hardy, and makes a very beauti ful small tree in a short time. It's beauty is not apparent, however, dur ing its earlier period of growth. It mast be five or six years before the many slender branches sent out along its larger branches begin to show its drooping or "weeping" character. Then it is very attractive, especially in fall, when its foliage turns to a rich yellow. I do not know how it is elsewhere, but with us great injury is likely to be done to it each year by a wood-pecker which drills a row of holes, sometimes several rows, about the trunk. He does this as soon as the sap begins to flow. At first his object may not be easily under stood, but a little careful investiga tion shows that ants ascend the tree in great numbers, attracted by the sweet sap exuding from the holes the bird has drilled, and near which he sits in waiting to make a meal off them. The bird works in silence, and your tree may be severely injured before you suspect his presence. It is a goodplan to fill the holes with paint, as soon as you discover them. If this is done, the bark soon heals about them. If not done, water gets into them and decay soon results. .1 have for .the last five or six years wound the larger branches of my birch with wide strips of cloth to keep the bird from working on it. The Japanese Maples, especially the cut-leaved sorts, are rapid growers and extremely hardy. They are not effec tive, however, unless given an open location where their beauty can be readily seen from ail sides. One tree of this kind is quite enough for the average-sized lot. Tho Mountain Ashes are favorites because of their hardiness, their pret ty foliage, and their extremely orna mental fruit None of them become very large, therefore they arc ad mirably suited to small grounds. The Soft Maple is very popular everywhere for several good reasons: It is easily transplanted, grows with great rapidity, forms a dense rather low head composed of many branches, without requiring much attention in the way of pruning, and has a partic ularly graceful general habit which admirably adapts it to grounds of limited space. Its foliage is always beautiful, but especially so in fall, when its summer green gives place to gold and scarlet. It is a tree that seems to flourish in almost ail local ities. Of all trees I have, ever had any experience with it is the surest to grow, the most graceful in develop ment, and the best all-around sort for general use. Many people want something that will grow to good size in five or six years. For these I would advise the Box Elder, or Sycamore-leaved Maple. Young trees often make a growth of six. eight or ten feet in a season. When they begin to branch, growth is less rapid, but it goes forward more rapidly than that of any other tree I know of. It is true that" in general appearance the tree is somewhat coarse, but not disagreeably so. This peculiarity one can afford to overlook because of the certainty of its reach ing a satisfactory style of ''fcvtlop ment in a very short time. So far, I have never known it to be attacked by any insect or disease. This is a good deal in its favor, and ought to off-set some of its shortcomings. Eben E. Rexford. To Prevent Blackleg. A report of the Missouri State Board of Agriculture says: The most important thing in connection with the prevention of blackleg is to burn the carcasses of the calves that die of the disease. If this is done, the possibility of the distribution of the germs from such carcasses is absolute ly prevented. Burying the carcasses deeply. 2s recommended where it is impossible to get fuel to burn them. If cattlemen will make a practice or burning the carcasses of all animals that die of contagious diseases it will do a great amount of good toward eradicating the diseases. The next important step by way of prevention of blackleg is to vaccinate all suscep tible cattle. Vaccine for the preven tion of blackleg has given the greatest satisfaction wherever it has been used. It cannot be too highly recom mended and its use is never neglected by progressive cattlemen. As a rule cattle between six and eighteen months of age are the onc3 tbat die of blackleg, yet the disease is very com mon in younger cattle. It seldom occurs in cattle ever tvo years old. The pea is a native of the south cf Europe and has been cultivated eo loss that history does not record its advent The Summer Fallow. How much value has the summer fallow? We find this a question that has received the attention of agricul trists for thousands of years and yet is being fiercely contested, at least in certain parts cf the agricultural world. As long ago as Bible days the matter was one olaiming attention and one of the prophets chided the people for not permitting their land to rest Tho summer fallow was prac ticed in those far distant times. This is perhaps what has given the sum mer fallow such a reputation. Until the last generation the tillers of soil on the American continent believed the fallow to be a good thing. Later agricultural science, however, has de clared against it quite generally, but not universally. In most of our humid states the students of agriculture and of agricul tural conditions have come to believe tbat the summer fallow is always a bad thing; that leaving the land ex posed to the sun burns up the humus jn the Immediate surface layer of wil, end this is undoubtedly the case. Our best experimenters declare that a crop of weeds is far better for tand than to leave it bare, that the foil may be preserved in a loose, moist, friable condition nnd the humus be saved. This shading is also favor able to the development of soluble nitrates in the soil, which later are used by the crops. It was, therefore, with a good deal it surprise that on a visit to Western Canada the writer found the summer .fallow not only in common and gen eral use but enjoying a most enviable reputation a'i a cause of abundant crops. In fact, summer fallow is now practiced all the way from Manitoba west to the Rocky Mountains, being in general use in the province named. Even such a man of reputation as J. Obed Smith, the .Commissioner of Im migration at Winnipeg, declared to the writer that the farmers of the Northwest territories did not know how to farm there till they discovered the great use of the summer fallow. The land is permitted to lie fallow one third of the time. A piece of land is plowed in June and after the sod has rotted it is "backset," the last of August or the first of September. The next spring it is sown, to, say wheat A crop is taken off that fall and the next spring a crop of wheat is drilled on the stubble without plow ing and a second crop of wheat is har vested that fall. The land is summer fallowed the next year. ' Why this treatment should result in good crops we were not able to learn, nor were tho farmers them selves able to give a good reason. It is interesting to note tbat in Mani toba a few of tho most successful .farmers have begun a vigorous war against the summer fallow. There are farmers in that province who re gard the summer follow as a fallacy and have raised magnificent crops without it. Quite a number of these men make their voices heard at the farmers' institutes and through their local agricultural papers. It may be that this practice will be found to be without value. It must, however, be 'remembered that at the experiment station at Indian Head, Assiniboia, the summer fallow idea is believed in and practiced. We saw a magnificent field of wheat there growing entirely without manure, and it was the twentieth crop without manure. Water Drank by Hogs. Prof. W. A. Henry says: "We find little recorded on this subject, possi bly because the matter is not con sidered of importance by many. In 'a feeding trial by the writer at the Wisconsin station a group often pigs divided into two lots of five each, one lot getting barley meal and the other corn meal, was fed for a period of eight weeks, with the results given below. "The five fed on barley averaged 208 pounds at beginning of test, ate 2,832 pounds of grain, gained 601 pounds in weight, consumed 9,056 pounds of water, and required 471 pounds of grain for 100 pounds of gain. For every 100 pounds of food eaten they drank 320 pounds of water. "The five fed on corn meal aver aged 209 pounds in weight at begin ning of test, ate 3.100 pounds of grain, gained 713 pounds in weight drank 6,620 pounds of water and used 435 pounds of food in making 100 pounds of gain. For every 100 pounds of feed eaten they drank 213 pounds of water, or 107 pounds less than those fed on barley. "The weight of water reported In cludes that required for soaking the meal and also that drank from a second trough. "It will be seen that the pigs fed corn meal consumed about two pounds of water, and the barley-fed over three pounds, for each pound of ineal eaten. The pigs getting corn meal consumed over 900 pounds of water, and the barley-fed pigs 1.H00 pounds, for each 100 pounds of gain in live weight. Pigs fed corn meal appear to require less water than wbeu on other feeds." Cheese and Butter Making. A good many cheese factories are now being equipped with butter mak ing machinery, so that they can make cheese in the summer and butter in the winter and thus take the farm ers' milk the year round. One of the objections to cheese factories in some localities is the fact tbat they run for only six months in the year and the farmer is left without a market for his milk during the rest of the j-ear. By this process also the farmer has to have all of his cows calve hi the spring so that he may get a? big a flow of milk as possible during the months when he can sell it It is much more to' the interest of the farmer to have some of his cows calve in the fall. In the first place his calves can then have the skimmilk at an age when milk in some form must be supplied to them. Later they can live on pasture grasses. The man tbat produces milk for the summer cheese factory only has none for his calves, and the whey is a poor substi tute. All the year dairying must take the place of the summer method if we arc to have our dairy localities centers of industry and prosperity. For Repairs. A little boy had broken his rake. When asked what he would do now, he replied: "I'll take it to the dentist he can put in a new tooth." Little Chronicle. A ion ot sugar beets yiojds 210 eorwrts of r?fici sugar. adJg"aggmgnBnBBBBBBm yuBmmmw$wBBSBw BB)aB5m53m"YtgwBgwB' Alfalfa aa Horse Fees. The alfalfa crop is of great Import ance in many regions of the United States and is depended' upon as a standard feed for farm animals. Nev ertheless, the statesneat is often nude that it is aot a good feed for horses. though excellent for other farm aal mals. The Utah Station believes that It is also suited for horses aad reports a number of experiments by L. A. Merrill which tear out this belief and supplement the experience galaed in using alfalfa as the principal coarse foddef of the station horses for a num ber of years. In the first test, which began Janu ary 13. 1899, four of the station farm work horses were fed on a ration con sisting of ten pounds of bran and shorts and 25 pounds of hay. two be ing given alfalfa hay aad two timothy. The average cost of the alfalfa ration was 9.9 cents per day and the timothy ration 12.3 cents. During the ninety five days of the first period of the test the horses fed timothy lost 124 pounds, those fed alfalfa 4 pounds. The ra tions were then' reversed for fifty-six days. During this time tbe horses fed alfalfa hay gained 73 pounds, those fed timothy hay lost 60 pounds. The second test began November 20 aad the experimental conditions were practically the same as before, except that the, grain ration waa larger aver aging a little over 12 pounds per head dally. In ninety-one days the two horses fed the alfalfa ration gained 55 pounds, while those fed the timothy hay lost 41 pounds. The two rations cost 11 and 13 cents per head per day. respectively. For a period of sixty eight days tho rations were reversed, the grain ration being increased' to some 15 pounds per head per day. O.i alfalfa hay there was a total gain of 65 pounds and on timothy hay a loss of 100 pounds. The rations were also tested frr thirty-nine daya with two driving horses used for light work. In addi tion to some 12 pounds of grain per day, one horse ate 8.3 pounds timothy hay, the other 16 pounds of alfalfa hay on an average. Oa the former ration there was a loss of 50 pounds and on the latter a gain of 10 pounds, the cost of the two rations being 9.5 cents and 8.7 cents respectively. Department of Agriculture Report, Bulletin 162. Treatment fer Heaves. In accordance with the request of a reader of. the Farmers Review we quote the advice for treatment of heaves from two writers: Prof. D. Mcintosh: Feed so as not to overload the stomach; allow a lit tle hay to be eaten first, then give water and then oats. Never feed more than twelve to fourteen pounds ot bay per day and fifteen pounds of oats. Boiled flaxseed mixed with a little bran at night will keep the bow els regular, besides being very nutri tious. Sulphnte of iron, four ounces; nitrate of potassium, four ounces; nux vomica, two ounces; divided intc twenty-four doses, and one given ev ery night in bran mash. Is very use ful. After this quantity has been given, skip two or three weeks ano repeat One ounce of Fowler's solu tion ofnrsenic given every night in small bran mash, when the animal i at work In the spring. Is very good and often enables an animal to do a good day's work, which it could not dc except for the arsenic. This can be continued for a month to six weeks without any danger to tho animal Then stop for a few weeks or as long as the animal can do without it, and when the breathing becomes difficult resume again and so on. I have treat ed horses in this way and they would do their work with ease for years. Jonathan Periam: Treatment with a view to permanent cure is gener ally not successful. However the ail ment may be greatly ameliorated 1 a strict attention to the diet, which should be the reverse of that which has hitherto been given. Give nutri tive food of small bulk and best qual ity. such as finely-cut wild hay mixed with ground oats and corn, bran am: a small quantity of ground oil-cak? or flaxseed meal, and slightly mois tened. In summer give green or sue culent food instead cf bay, and ir winter daily allowances of slice' carrots and other roots. Such horses should never be fed or watered im mediately before use, and they should be used only for slow and easy work Farmers' Review. Nevada Sheep-Herders. The sheep are divided into bands of from 2,000 to 3.000 in a band, each band usually being cared for by two men, one the herder, the other the cook and camp-tender, says a report of the Nevada station. The former has charge of the sheep while graz ing, and usually sleeps wherever the sheep camp down for the night, keep ing a close watch ou them and return ing to the cook's camp only for his meals. The latter, the camp-tender, has charge of the cooking and the moving of the camp, which takes place usuafly about every three days. Where a large number of band3 are owned by one man, he usually hires one or two foremen, who superintend the work at the time of dipping and shear ing, and who go ahead on horseback during the summer, finding out the condition of the ranges and directing the sheep-herders as to where their boundary lines lie and the routes they wish them to take. The class of men which were in de mand for herdins the sheep were known as Basques or "Bascos." They come from the Pyrennees Mountains, and are designated French or Spanish Basques, according to the side of the mountains in which they lived. They naturally take to the life of solitude, as they and their ancestors have been employed in a similar occupation in the Pyrennees Mountains for many years past. The wages paid them are from S30 to $40 a month, with board. Their savings are often spent in a trip to their homes in Europe, where they live a life of ease for one or two years and then return to America to herd sheep again. Italians, Americans and other nationalities are sometimes employed, but they are rarely as con tented and successful as the Basque. The Book of Corn says: A most remarkable proof of the antiquity of corn has been discovered by Darwin. He found ears of Indian corn and eighteen species of shells of our epoch buried In the soil of the shore in Peru, now at leas eighty-five fee above the level of tbe sea. Woman's Two Missions. A woman has two great missions in life first, to get into society, and secondly, to Ke?p others out. Kcw York Prws. ! 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