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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 16, 1903)
j'mww aiaia in ivrSSSBvfJSf? '&x'$-:-. ' vWI 'tliPFPppS ST ijrra.-r .? tsr-.. W .vSt- -Vi i r,.-- li? k?: IK "t l2- ' Matters in FROSTS IN NEBRASKA, Stettw Aww ateaas by the Weather Bureau Omoe, UalverBlty f Msbrasha The early, fmt to tha et llfff, cmMhI wHh the lute of tote, tat otherwise exceed- com this year, has a to pajsmatnty of aw -early frost this iTke records at the first severe In the fan tefikni collected - for a number of places la the a tie facta reeardteg froata la prevkms years are given ia the ta- hie Below. The dates tor the rst - yeara are taJcea. from the ree- of Dr. B. L. ChlMa at Ptatts- Neb.. bat for the remateder of the the records froat re to feetj-lTe ataUoaa scattered over the belt of the state hare heea coa- WV IS si S7 SI ISM. I ......Oct. W Oct. 18 .......Oct. SI .......Oct. U tOct ...... OCT 4 7' 'Stoat. IBM) Ml BBsyc ....AMt .Sept. ....Oct. ...BCTP4. is St u 17 Oct. IT JCa B) 8fipt 1 Oe. ......Oct .avtJBr9fs SB . WCl, m , aBV'BX Bj .BjCyV aW ....Oct. v ....Oct. ...aa'BipX. 4W lSlfc. it. S7 ana:: writ, isir. int.: t I! Severn Oct. M ....Oct. 11 m 4 n ' Opt. .Oct. I Of. 17 3s; i Beet, u It will he aottee4hat the aTemge flafe froai thla table la October S. The aai the meat year ia :lttt. oa Seateav earifaat ate ia Aagaat 25, la IMS. her 12, aa4 the aext Is 1S0. ea 8ea-testbM-lt. ! oaly eajht of the forty ate yean baa a aerere frost occarred before Beateaiber 29. ' la aearly all of the years; a llaht frost occarred be fore tae date ftirea. bat aoae aatlcleat 1y aeTere to tajere'the geaeral core crop. O. A. IiOVELAND. Oectfoa Director. Dies freVatlfi Pills. v NEBRASKA CITY The 17-OTrth-old child of City Clerk Charles Joha aop, while playlac aboat the dlalas rooai at the faatlly hosM while tts other waa afttias - breakfast, tot hold of a bottle of pflla eoatalaiaa; atrychBlae aad belladoaaa. All ef forts to eare the little trattiag. ' The Bersaaaeat acbool fnad waa In creased by $10,060 aad decreased by that aiach of 7 per ceat beads, all be csase Phelps cowaty.- Is prosperoas, eaoagh to pay off2Hs,4ebts. The; bqada were Issued la 1882 aa a part of a refeadlac; acheaie to raa for tweaty years: This takes oat of the state all of' the Phelps coanty paper. BaaBBh bTbb BBabaMRBt BaWaBaaB) ejBXnBJBBBBB; BBBB BBPWPSBBT B BBSIIIBV OMAHA Seaator Millard, who has heea trareUks la Fraace, la expected is arrive ia New York oa the 12th. oa the Freach liaer La Serole. The sea ator expected to leare Havre oa Sep teaiber 6. ftiWu. Ua. I smJ lam CAMBRIDGE This eectloa la bar las; a big real estate boost bow. Lead, to cbaagiaf; hands at a lively rate. It la predicted that lead will advance very aviterlally this whiter aad the llBJ Marrow Escape vvbwi Death. NEBRASKA CITY A bob of John K. Mckel and two other bmb had a narrow escape from betas; crashed an; der twenty tons of earth that fell where" they were working. They were, taking oat clay for xaaktag brick, when the beak above them gave way aad came down, but they had time to spake their escape. The wagon waa Clashed sad barled. Csasal Baahr Returns as Cvba. ST. PAUL Max J. Baehr. United States consul at Cleefaegos. Cuba, left a few days ago for his post of duty, after a two months' visit witth his family aad maay .friends in thla vkrfaity. He toes from here direct to New York City, sailing the Irst of ext week aad reaching Caba aboat September 2S. Mr. Baehr to mach taa irtsaitwtth the baaaneea epeBlaga of fered by Caba aad believes the devel opment of that totoad win bring great riches to Aasericaa lavestors. aVBrBm bbfbWIIbW wfI0) fibIIhMIv LINCOLN Anent the stories beiag circalated la-the east that Mtos Rath Bryan Is to marry Captain Hobsoa of Merrtaac fame. Miss Bryaa sua to a ajveatien: There to abaolately bo trath la the report.'' Mrs. Bryaa said: "We have heea hearing aboat that story for two or three' days. I don't want to aav anything aboat it because there to no trath la it" The story rat came oat from Wayaesvllle. North CaroUaa. Hofsee KHtoal by LtsjMntnjsj. RANDOLPH Dariag aa electric Btorm here the bara of W. N. Rob erta waa struck by lightning aad four of his beet horses aad some hogs -2- Two of Mr. Roberta' I; sleeping la the hay loft at ttase aad wera hw w boK.- The bara waa aot burned, oth- the boya would-nave been cre la their aeml-coaadoas condi tion. The loss sustained to covered hy Fatally Hart hy a Thresher. ALBION A young maa by the of Mitchell, whose paveats live i aeddeat from the eflteeta of he "died. While woridag a tareahlag msrhlss ha la sat hto foot la the cytiaaer a taa-kaaa. By the aid coaM be ascared the waa aa rent tag aa aa taelT liwMiH t , ,. with aa T?MM ' Nebraska. illllllllMllMIIIIHIIMIIIIMJ.I THC STATS IN BRIEF. Hoses was testaatly ktnel at Ofimuie ay beteg raa orer hy the Little f-year-aM Esther, daaghterof Fred prlmm. a farmer llviag Ive mller ef Norfolk, was horribly cat la a ftchlae. She will be serma aeatly crlspled. . , A aamber ef Fremoat aad Hooper mea have arraaceawato completed for a trip la rowboata from Hooper to St Jepftph. Ma. by way of the Elkbora, Platte aad Mtosoari rivers. J. J. Hoehstetler aad wife of Ne- Clty celebrated the IfUeth aa- of their weddlag. A torge. aamber of their frleads were present' at the reeeptloB aad the nreseata beaatlfal. costly aad aameroaa. A rattleaaake waa captared Jtflled by L. L. Asms, one of .the rural bmII carriers, oa the mala street of tSattoB la the baataess portloa of the xlty. The anahe was aearly three feet' tor leacth aad had seven rattles, which A ajaa who claimed to live at Iade peadcace. Ran., bat who woald not --give hto aame. was la Beatrice look tag for hto recreant wife, who, he aaya, to Beatrice several araatha ago asarried aader aa assamid aame. brought their child, a little girl. with her. 'While the reports are coming In from the dIEereat parts of the state to the effect that the potato crop la will be short this year, assay coaaty far mens are happy be- of the fact that they will have petafes to the acre thla year than ever before. The aew M. E. church at Miadea was dedicated Saaday. The grand feature waa that the entire ladebted Msa, fSjat, waa raised aad' the aew trt,ttt edlfce to clear of debt Thla. to a remarkable showing coasiderlag that the work of ralsiag the asoaey was oaly commenced la February. ArraBgemeata have beta completed whereby the city of Columbus, the. county aa3 the Uaton Pacitc railroad will Joia together ia aa effort to pre pare a system of draiaage whereby a repetlttoa of the foods which have sev eral tlBMs this year eadaagered propi erty la the north and west part of town 'will be very improbable. Cass county's mortgage record for August to nn unusually good one. Ntae farm mortgagea were fled and' stxteea released, while oa city prop erty thirteen mortgages were fled and fifteen released, for the following amouats: Farm mortgages fled, $t,-' 285; released. tM.ttt. City mort gagea fled, $7,618; released, ft.040. j Prof. R. Barg. who left Humboldt about two years sgo to accept a posir tlpa as chief trumpeter with the band of the Foarteeath regiment, United States cavalry, and who hae aince been atattoaed at Fort Leaveaworth Kaa., aad Fort Grant, Ariz., writes hoase that he left Saa Francisco this week with hto regiment for Manila, P. I., where they have been assigned dcty for aa Indefinite period. The speclsMBB of com brought Into Edgar by the farmers show that the early planted corn will yield the best' If aot the largest crop of com per acre ever harvested la that sectioa of Ne-! braska. The late com, ap to the mid dle of August looked very unpromis ing, bat haa made good progress. At Osceola, George Lowe, charged with bastardy, had hto prellmlaary; eaamtaatloB before Coaaty Jadge BaU. aad waa boaad over to the district court, the ball beiag fixed at 2f0t. Sheriff Sharder of Otoe coaaty re-, tuned from South Omaha haviag in charge Verge Trenery who to charged with raptag a fifteen-year-old girl aamed Lizzie Woodward realdtag ia Uaadllla. Superiatendents aad priadpala of schools 1b Nebraska ahould be perfect ly familiar with the school laws of the' state. The followtag aectloaa were: amended by the last legislature: Sec-, tioa 14 subdivision 2, aectioa 2 of aub dtvtoloB 7, aad sectloas 1 and 2 of sub division 18. There were also new laws enacted relative to the establishssent of sa additloaal state aormal school aad three to five Junior normal schools for western Nebraska, aa entire sub division relative to the school district City of South Omaha (14a), aad sev eral mtaor laws. Aak your coaaty superiateadeat for a copy of the School Laws of Nebraska as revised and amended In 1W. R. E. Lyons of Valley escaped seri ous lajary by what aeema to be a mir acle. He waa aittlag in a light wagoa whea hto team became Beared aad tasted ahead, throwing him oat oa the whiftotree. Thee they raa away, stopptag at latervato to kick vigor ously, ant their hoofs failed to lead on aha. Fiaally the wagoa tipped over with Lyeas underneath, aad la that nosltloa he waa dragged for half a block, oae leg beiag eataagled ia the llaes. He was only slightly la tared. The supreme court bar docket has test been issued. There are 444 cases oa the docket, the smallest aamber Jor aeveral years. The largest docket la 1M1. at the begtaatag of the court commission, - whea there were 1.800 cases. Shock threshing of small grata is almost all completed arouad WiaaMe aad fanners are begtaatag to thresh from stacks. The yield of oats is bet ter thaa expected earlier ia the sea aoa. Not much wheat haa yet been threshed. While visiting with Mrs. Derrick at Elkhora. Mabel Rhodes met with a peculiar accident. She had stooped dowa to drive a cat from a bawy on the f oor aad raa' acrocbet needle Into her side. It waa with dlfWalty re moved. . Joha Viaaoa of Havalock waa as yerely ataag by bees walla cutting hay.. Ha ram hk mowing machine tata:aa angry awarm, ana ia aa' la-' staat'waa covenai hy them. Hto horses were ao badly gtaaf that they auy ato. , i rsssmBmmmnBBBBmasBBBBBBBBBBBs ... jr i I -rA w trip I m Bsbb mamr At aBaa mamr manr m? BBf bBbb bL -- smsmmmsmm mmsmmmmsi ssammmssnnlr The Lest Key. ?or fifty yean tie turned the key; . And always paused to say, 'I wonder who will wind the dock When I gone awayi :t was a habit aecond grown. When he would reach the ahelf. To say It out aloud store times Te whisper to himself. Through all the years whea babies played Upon the kitchen floor rhe good man ased to wind the clock . And euestloa as before. rhrew all the years when babies grew. To man and woman state, rhe good man wound the old clock up Precisely ten to eight. It was his habit In the days . Of peace and Joy and bliss: An, he was never known to slip , A moment e'er remiss. For fifty years, in storm and peace He'd wind the clock and say Sometimes beneath his breath so low "When I am gone away?" There waa a heaven in his eyes I never knew until He ceased to wind the old clock up. And. like It. was so still. . Horace Seymour Keller la New York Herald. An Honorable Deserter. "A good many soldiers," said the doctor, "deserted to keep oat of a fight I never knew but one man who deserted to get Into a fight, and his story Is worth telling. Peter Mayville enlisted la the Nlath Vermont regi ment, which, with 12.000 other Union soldiers, surrendered to the Confed-' crates under Jackson, Sept 15, 1862, at Harper's Ferry. Under the terms of sarreader aU the enlisted men were at once paroled aad the Ninth Ver asoat was sent to Camp Douglas, Chi cago, to guard rebel prisoners, until exchaaged. "This was a great disappointment to Peter MayvlUe. aad as exensnge was delayed, the Vermonter became restive, and then rebellious. One dark night he slipped oat of camp aad sev er returned. He was reported a de serter, aad waa ao regarded by the men who knew him best Mayville asade his way to Penasylvanla, end enlisted, under the name of Peter Barry, la a regiment on Its way to the froat He. saw hard service at once, aad at Gettysburg lost both arms aad received other wounds. Not be lieving that he could recover, he told hto story to the surgeoa, and in the ead waa sent home to Vermont in as good condition as waa possible under the circumstances. "MayvlUe had been something of a character In hia home neighborhood, aad was very generally known as Pe ter Newcome. This name was given him because his young Canadian wife, la the year they came from Quebec to Vermont was constantly complaining to the neighbors when her husband was off carousing, 'Pete no come.' Pete was so 'persistent an offender that the neighbors came to call him Peter Nocome, or Newcome, and this clung to him after ae reformed, and he was better known as Peter New come than as Peter Mayville. So when he returned, and, as Peter Bar ry, waa given a pension of $72 n month, there was less comment than there would have been under other circumstances. "Barry did not deny that he had de serted from the Ninth Vermont but he made it clear that he deserted be cause, with fighting going on in front he could' not bear the thought of Idling away his time at Camp Doug las. As he could not be exchanged." aad as be could not get into n fight as Peter Mayville, because Mayville was a paroled prisoner, he took the ball by the horns, and deserted into a fighting regiment The pension offl dald conceded that MsFville's notions as to oath and parole were a little loose, bat there was no doubt about the success of his plan to get into a fight I saw him only a few years ago. a well-preserved, prosperous Vermont farmer, an armless hero to a people who didn't care under what name he drew a pension?' Chicago Inter Ocean. Appomattox Apple Tree. "Gen. Gordon,' says a veteran, "in a recent article said: 'The apple tree Incident at Appomattox is a romance. The only connection between the sur render and the apple tree is the fact that Gen Lee and Gen. Grant met there for a few moments and agreed upon a place for formal meeting.' Gen. Gordon Is misquoted or is mistaken. The famous apple tree was across the Appomattox from the courthouse and Inside of Lee's lines. The Confeder ate skirmish line was parallel to the Appomattox and between the court house and the stream, and that skir mish line was -maintained' until the Confederate commands moved out en route for their homes after the sur render. "Now, the truth Is. Grant was not withla the Confederate lines at Ap pomattox. He came through the Union skirmish aad battle lines from our rear, aad at ao time was he beyond the McLean house, which was be tween the llaes of battle, although our line after the surrender was .advanced beyond it The apple tree was on April 9, 1865, not where Grant and Lee could meet. "As Lee rode forward to meet Grant however, he stopped' at the roadside to await the return, of his staff officer, seat through the lines to Sheridaa. and to avoid the confusion on the road led his horse up the bank inside an orchard and sat down a few minutes under the famous apple tree. There Col. Marshall, his chief 3f staff, returning w'lth CoL Babcock. found him. Receiving their report, he mounted his horse nnd rode forward with them to the McLean house. This Is the true story of the apple-tree." Cavalry Charge at Gettysburg. ,A cavalry charge, met by a counter :harge of cavalry, is still, perhaps, the moat terrible spectacle witnessed 'in wnr. If the reader has never seen ach a charge, he can form -little con seption of the uwe-lnsphing fury, tmagtae yourself lookiag down from 3ettysburg'8 heights upon the open, wide-spreading plain below, where five rhoassnd horses are marshalled in battle line. Standing beside them are Sve thousand riders, "armed, booted nd spurred, and ready to mount The ougles sound the "Mount!" and in stantly five thousand plumes rise above the horses as the riders spring iato their saddles. Ia froat of the respective sauadroas the dariag lead era take their places." The fluttering psaaiats or streaming guidons, tea to each regiment, mark the left of the companies, Oa the opposite slope of the aame plate are five thousand hos tile horsemen clad la different uni forms, ready to meet these In counter charge.. Under those ten thousand horses are their hoofs, Ironshod and pitiless, beneath whose furious tread the plain is soon to quiver. Again oa each slope of the open field the bugles sound. Ten thousand sabres leap from scabbards and glisten in the sun. The trained horses chafe their restraining bits, and as the bugle notes sound the charge, their nostrils dilate and their flanks swell In sympathetic impulse with the dashing riders.- "Forward!" shouts the commander. Down the lines and through the columns In quick suc cession ring the echoing commands, "Forward, 'forward!" 'As this order thrills through the eager ears, sabers flash, ani spurs are planted In palpitat ing flanks. The madly flytag horses thunder across the trembling field, fill ing the air with clouds of dust and whizzing pebbles. Their iron-rimmed hoofs in remorseless tread, crush the stones to powder and crash through tho flesh and bones of hapless riders who chance to fall. Aa front against front these furious riders plunge, their sweeping sabres slashing edge against edge, cutting a way through opposing ranks, gashing faces, breaking arms, and splitting heads, it is a scene of wildest war, a whirling tempest of battle, short-lived but terrible. Gen. John B. Gordon in Scribner's. Kept His Battle Flag. Lewis S. Truitt died a few weeks ago in Abbeville, S. C. He was a. member of the Nineteenth South Caro lina regiment, and was conspicuous for his bravery in tho battles around Atlanta. In "one of these battles he was the seventh man to take up the flag, six having been killed or wounded within a short while, and he advanced the standard to the top of the enemy's earthworks in the face of a galling; artillery. Are. It was at one time during the prog ress of this battle that the Confederate lines were badly broken, and Gen. S. D. Lee, riding up to Truitt, demanded the colors, but Truitt refused to sur render them. Gen. Lee said to him: "Do you know who I nm?" The reply was:- "Yes, I know you are Gen. Lee, but it is my duty to carry the flag, and I will carry it wherever you order, but you cannot take it" Gen. Lee passed on to another regi ment and upon demanding the colore they were delivered to him. Several years ago, while Gen. Lee was visiting this place, Mrl Truitt called on him, and the incident jus! related being mentioned. Gen. Le asked him: "Were you the man whe gave me the flag or the one who did not?" The answer being in the negative, Gen Lee replied: "Would to God there had been 10,000 more there just like you. and a different story-would have been told of those fearful battles." Columbia Star. Loss of Horses in War. Deaths due to wounds received in battle constitute but an insignificant part of the losses of cavalry horses in war. It was only after a war ex perience of two years that a cavalry bureau was established in 1863. This resulted in economy and increased efficiency, for an enormous number of horses, temporarily disabled through excessive marching and lack of forage, were turned in at the general depots and recuperated sufficiently to be again issued. The number turned in was but a fraction of the whole num ber issued, owing to the difficulty of re turning worn-out horses from distant and isolated points. Some idea of the dimensions of the remount business may be had from the statement 'that 188.718 horses were purchased during the fiscal year end ing June 30, 1864. During the first eight months of that year the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac was sup plied with two complete remounts, which required 40',000 horses. The to tal, number of mules and horses re quired tD keep up the supply for all armies was 500 each day, and the data collected showed that for every two men of the whole force employed one. animal was required in the ranks or trains. The, recent experience of the British army in South Africa indicates that the loss of animals in the civil war was not exceptional, and that whenever campaigns are undertaken in a sparsely-settled country history will repeat itslef. United States Serv ice Review. "Grant's Luck." "I did not go out to see the sur render of Gen. Lee. I remember well the event of Gen Grant's return after the surrender. I think there were not more than three persons present when the general came in and took a seat at a' tabic to write. He looked up with some expression of animation, and remarked: "More of Grant's luck!" This was an allusion to the newspa per critics who had been in the habit of calling his success luck. This little comment on the sur render of Lee was the only word of ex-' ultatkra I ever heard from the victor ious soldier. It was a very slight expression of triumph' to follow' such a stupendeous achievement but wholly characteris-. tic The National Magazine. Record of Lieut-Col. Clem. Lieut Col. John L. Clem, U. S. A., who is chief quartermaster of the de partment of Texas, looks forward to the time when he will be Jhe only of ficer in the active service Tn the army who served in the war of the rebellion. He is not due to be retired for the age limit until' Augu3t. 1915. Col. Clem will be remembered by all the com rades as "Little Johnny Clem, the drummer boy of Chickamauga," who entered the service as a drummer boy when only ten years old in the Twenty second . Michigan volunteer infantry, and who was promoted by Gen. Rose crans to the rank of sergeant for kill ing a" rebel lieutenant colonel who at tempted to take him prisoner at Chick amagua. New York Reglment'a Reunion. The annual reunion of the survivors of the Sixty-second regiment New York Volunteers (Anderson Zouaves) was held on Aug. 21. the anniversary of the departure of the regiment fot the seat of war. G. R. Hendricks it the secretary of the association. den Up te Data. Bat for lace aad llagerle woman would have little temptaUoa to be vale and man little temptation. iSmart Set ! I ! ! II I I I -! vjf'BsBsBBkBLsPmmBUsBsmt' la Vinegar Making. Temaeiatare plays aa part ia the making of vlaegar. f oar best Vlaegar makers declare :hat the heat temperatare for thai work to between 68 aad M degrsM. rhe elder should aot be permitted to reach a higher temperatare thaa H legrees nor should it be allowed to irop below so. This rale is aot la seeptag with the practice of those that permit their vlaegar to freeze slightly before removing it to the eel tar or other storage place. The mat ter to of Importaace. showiag that we aaveas mach reason to watch the temperature ia vinegar making aa la batter making. The old systeo of vlaegar supply of the farm that had a aman orchard waa to make a bar rel of elder each year and let it ripea for over two years before begtaatag to use it, estimating that the barrel made oae season woald be ased dar iag the third season from its maklag. It was generally believed that two-year-old vtaegar had aboat the right strength for the best service. Accord tag to the present makers of vinegar, this wss a useless waste of time. In those days the barrels were left oat of doors till freezing time came, when they were bunged up and rolled Into the cellar, being again takes oat the next spring and the bung removed to permit the entrance of air. Oa many a farm there was one place by the side of a fence on one side of the farm house yard, where two or three vinegar barrels were always to be sect in summer time, the barrels be ing on their sides and end to cad. Most of the work of the bacteria aceti was done during the summer months. Now the vinegar maker puts his cider into barrels sad stores It in a warm room loag before the cold gets to it taking care to see that the tem perature is not much under seventy degrees. Very often now the cellar is aot ased for this work at all, at least not the cellar that is used for the storage of farm vegetables aad roots. It used to be believed that the cel lar that was suited to the keeping of potatoes, apples and roots was also suitable for the storing of cider in process of changing in to vinegar. But this is no longer believed. We need, for the keeping of vegetables, the temperature of the cellar to kept aa near the freezing point as possible, while for the mak of first-class vinegar we need a tem perature of 40 degrees higher or there abouts. The man that has a small orchard and wanta to make a single barrel of vinegar will not find it udvirable to have a room specially heated for the ripening of bis vinegar. He can, how ever, utilize the family kitchen. If he can spare the space for a keg or small barrel; but hardly for two. However, in such a temperature the ripening process goes on so rapidly that a year will give vinegar of the desired strength. The barrel should not be air tight, but should bo uncovered enough to allow the air to reach it The "mother" will then form rapidly and the process of ripening will be accelerated. All farmers have seen what is known as "mother," but few understand its province. This mother is a mass of threads of bacterium aceti held together by a peculiar Jelly. These bacteria are all the time draw ing from the cider its alcohol and from the air its oxygen and combin ing them to form acetic acid, which ia then discharged into the liquid. It .win therefore be seen .that the mother is not to be skimmed off but care jfolly retained, as the process of spar ing will not go on without It Handling and Shipping Apples. ; From Farmers.' Review: Oat of lath I make crates in three sizes one fourth, one-half and one bushel In ca :paci:y, mostly of one bushel. The bush I crate is 11 inches high, 12 inches ;wide and 2 feet long. A box of thla size holds a bushel with ease, and with it you caa place crate upon crate Without Injuring the fruit They are .easily handled and the fruit Is exposed ,to the air enough to make ventilation igood. With these I can sort a larger quantity in less time and with less in jury to the fruit than in any other 'way. In taking them to market three ibexes wUl pack nicely side by side In ?the wagon box. They are loaded Quickly Into the wagon and unloaded faith ease and speed Into the car or Warehouse. I store my winter apples 'in this way la my cellar with good success, aad can sort SO to 75 bushels iln a very short time. This sorting Should be done every two weeks. Jast take a crate in a good light and tare it from one side to the other, and If there are any apples that should be re moved they may be taken out without handling very much of the fruit A. T. Evans, Knox County, Illinois. 1 High Price for Poor Wheat We have received from the Ohio Ex periment Station the following com munication: In the variety tests of the Ohio Ex periment Station were grows this year five plots of wheat, the seed of which had been procured from aa maay dlf fereat soarcea, but which have shown such a striking similarity la appear ance and yield aa to attract attention. These wheats came to the station under names given belew: American Bronze, No. 8, Invincible and Prosper ity. These wheats were sowa last fall oa plota of uniform toad coatata ing one-tenth acre each, aad each aew sort waa sowa betweea similar plots. of Velvet Chaff, the variety which haa beea used aa a standard of compariaoa at the stattoa for more thaa tea years past; the treatment as to soil, seed, date of sowing, eta, being the same for the aew sorts aad for the Velvet Chaff. N The actual yielda of thla variously aamed sort of wheat were as below: No. 8, Huron county, 32.60 bushels per acre; No. 8, Lorata- county, 81.83 bushels per acre; Invincible, 31.83 bushels per acre;v Prosperity, 81.00 bushels per acre; all of which yields were exceeded by the Velvet Chaff. The Velvet Chaff, however, la a wheat of medium productiveness, aa shows by the tea-year tests at the station. We understand that agents are offer tag "Prosperity" wheat la Ohio at $3.50 per busheL Charles E. Thome, Director. It is the woman who looks youth ful without' the. age of cosmetics who a aot afraid to tell her age. R to a great thing to know the sea oa for speech and the aeasoa for rileaos. laid. . - A . . Aa W t. Bias W WB VWfc VtVOIB I torth the value of a Ucease. I LIVE STOCK Ct Reaaene far Dehorning. It Is to be observed with satlefac ttoa that a considerable portloa of the cattle saw brought from Ireland arc dehomsd la the country of origin, ami the aafferiaga of the animals, both oa ahiphoard aad dartag railway tran sit are proportioBately decreased. It to a matter of pioeaaad regret hath la the interests of the owners sad the animals themselves, .that the practice of early dehorning is aot geaerally adopted la Great Britate. The opera tkm, whea performed, at aa early age, to practically pataless. It is clear that sack powerful meaas of. attack aa defease as are afforded by loag aai sham boras are aot aeeded hy aalmahj whea la coaixloa af domestl catloa, while their misuse by the more powerful aalmabj causes cruel saf fertag to their weakly compaaloas. even te the stockyard. Whea cattle are conveyed either by sea or by rail way the evils atteadtag the preaeace of horns are eaormoualy iacreased. aad the coasequen't amount of mis chief doae la oftea'of a very serious character, evea from a merely finaa ctal potat of view. As was potated out la a prevloas report, on all occasloas where homed cattle are traveltag It may be observed that a few of the animals Is every pea or truck act as the "bullies" of the party. They ap pear to attribute their owa discom forts to the aaimals near them, aad do the best to retaliate by gortag their aelghbors, aad the more space given them the more injury they do. Even when closely packed these pugnacious aalcals succeed ia keeptag an their companions constantly moving, and make the geaeral condition of all bok miserable thaa It otherwise would be To those persons who have closely watched them during their travels there caa be ao doubt that a consid erable porttoB of the sufferings ot homed cattle te caused by the in us age they Infilct oa each other. Do homed cattle seem, with the absence of power, to lose also the inclination to injure their companions, and there caa ha ao question that If the practice of early dehorning waa generally adopted throughout the country, more would he done to diminish the suffer tags of cattle when traveling by land or by sea thaa by any other mesas. Baaffshire Journal, Scotland. Money in Cattle. The Farmers' Review recently ad dressed 'to oae of .the leadlag cattle breeders of Kansas the following in qulries: Would you advise a man who pur posed raising cattle for the beef mar ket to handle pure breds or gradesi Would the former fatten enough fast er or the beef be of enough bettei quality to justify the expense or time required to collect such a herd? In your opinion is it more profitable foi the farmers of the middle west tc breed and feed than to buy and feed cattle for the market. Of course the feed supply alters the problem from year to year, but in the long run anc generally speaking, which would b the more profitable? Also what, gen erally speaking, is the most profitable age at which beef cattle can be mar keted? The following reply was received: We are not breeding pure-bred cattle exclusively and for breeding purposes. Our advice to those contemplating the production or beef would be to buy s high-class of grade cows, or if the plainer sorts of pure breds could tx had conveniently would prefer them then buy good registered bulls o: pronounced beef type; of course wi would say Shorthorns. Crowd you; calves and mature them aa quickly aa possible; aim to pat them oa the mar ket at from eighteea months to twt years, but aot later. Up to this age they will make more pounds of bee: for food consumed thaa they evei will afterward. Calves grown In thit fashion will produce a much bette; quality of beef and will command i higher price than those that are al lowed to ran down after being weanec and then to be fed up again. Some mea buy their feeders and mski money, but we believe that 80 pei ceat of the men who depend on buy tog their feeders go broke sooner oi later, while the mea that breed sac feed their own cattle, are almost with out exception making moaey. T. K Tomaoa d; Son, Shawnee County Kansas. Breeding Age for Swine. When size Is desired in the boar and sow they should not be bred too early. One year ia probably young enough tc permit them to be bred In that case If a sow Is not bred till she Is a yeai old she wiU have obtained a good growth, and will be of good size and vigorous at the time she produces hez first litter, at sixteen months of age. Her weight at that time. If a Poland China or Berkshire, would be in ex cess of 400 pounds, perhaps 500. A sow wUl generally produce a bettei litter the second time than the first, if she is mature at the first breeding time. Maay such sows have proved to be good breeders up to ten years ol age. The rule of using only young sows for breeding purposes is followed by many, but is sot to be commended. It. gives early maturity, but seems tc decrease the stamisa. Corn Needs a Balance. Of the various feeds for pigs avail able to the farmers of this country, com ranks first, says a bulletin of the Kentucky station. It is a crop grown to some extent in nil sections, is much relished by pigs. Is easily handled, and lays on fat rapidly.' With these quali fications it is no wonder that it has largely superseded, all other feeds and la used to a great extent as the single article of diet in the fattening ration. Not only has it become In most in stances the sole feed given to pigs, but it has materially Influenced the character of the animal in the corn growing regions. There is ro doubt that com alone Is ia a great many Instances unprofitable, lavestigatlons have shown that pigs not only make a better gain per pound of feed, but that the animals are more thrifty and less liable to disease whea fed a combined ration. As Explained Brownovitch Old Blowitz never at tends chiirch, does he? Smithinsky No. It isn't nece?sary. Brownovitch Because why? Smithinsky Ob, he's one of those self-made men who are always prate tag their maker. Whea accomplished, the Romaalsa Uon of the Japanese language will pat the final touch of victory to the revo lution begun forty years ago. TbV3bx m JKaCfyw atmasBaBatg POULTPYI ..l Predatory Animals. Could a ceasas be takes of the fowls ost by the ravages of animate of pray he results would be truly astoalsh ng. In the newer settled aectloaa of he country forest aalmala are so per isteat la their attempts to get at the xraltry that the raising of chickene to requeatly discontinued. Oae would lardly expect to hear of large losses rom the ravages of coons, weasels ind minks Inside of the limits of Cook xmaty, liltaols, yet such losses are requeatly reported. The writer knew if a. neighbor who lost a big white ghora cock. The animal had ea ered the hen bouse at night selected ho largest bird obtainable asd had tarried it off, .climbing a post aad valkiag along a board feace eight eet high. Indications potated to a roon as the mischief doer, but it lot thought probable that a cooa a that vicinity. However, the aext lay another neighbor shot a cooa In -he neighborhood and the case was sroven. Another man living In a good-sized Chicago suburb told the writer that tone wild animal had destroyed his hoIe flock. He got through the wires me night and killed a part of the lock. The man the next day made 3vcry thing secure, as he supposed; ut that night the animal dug a bur row under the walls of the house, got in and killed the rest of the flock. A weasel was suspected. This goes to show that a little precaution against these animals will hardly prove ef fective. The point is that while we are making the poultry house secure we should make it so secure that no loss can be occasioned by these ani mals. Incidentally we might criticise the practice of many poultry owners leav ing the doors and windows of their houses -open during tho summer nights, with no protection whatever. This was the case with tho man that lost the White Leghorn cock. A door and window made of inch mesh wire would have been entirely effective in keeping out animals, even rats. The writer has used this wire and has found it very strong and durable. It is not expensive and there i3 no rea son why it should not be extensively used. Where there are young chicks, this wire should bo used to keep out rats. Rats become very destructive of chicks after they once get a taste of chicken. On the other hand rats will frequently live on a farm for years and never touch a chick. It is large ly a question of forming a habit. When rats once get tho taste for spring chicken, a relentless war will have to be waged upon them. At one time the writer bad a great deal of trouble in this respect The rats got so they would attack a chick of almost any size, and It was not unusual to find In the morning a half grown chick killed and partly eaten by the rodents. One day the fowls were making a fuss and the writer hurried to find the cause. A big rat had a half-grown chicken by the leg and was pulIiBg It under, a broken board la the floor. -In such cases It will sometimes be found necessary to use poison. Elec tric paste of some make has always proven the most effective ln the ex perience of the writer. But It Is bet ter .to so construct the poultry bouse that no rats or other animals of any size can get in. This can be done in various ways. Cement always makes a good floor and prevents rats getting in from that point. Where a board floor is to be us,ed, it should be so far above tho ground that the rats can find nothing to stand on In their at tempts to gnaw a hole through the boards. Rats never attempt to jut their way into a building from the outside, and this point may well be left unguarded. The trouble Is that most floors are put within a few inches of the ground, or else cross beams and foundation 'stones are so carelessly placed that the rodents And an abundance of support in their op erations. Fattening Hogs in Montana. Bulletin 37 of the Montana station says: Fattening hogs is most econom ically accomplished by finishing in the pea lot or grain stubble. The pig3 should be turned on the peas as soon as the pods are filled and the peas begin to harden. If sufficient pigs are used, say ten per acre, not a pea will be wasted and even a por tion of the vines consumed. One acre of peas, producing at the rate of 35 bushels per acre, which is an average for Montana, will provide a fattening ration for ten 150 to 200 pound hogs for from 40 to 45 days. Climatic con ditions permit the pea harvesting by pigs even as late as December 1. This is one of the easiest fattening meth ods now practiced in Montana. The area over which peas can be grown js very large and the time of forag ing 60 extended by favorable weather .hat the product need not all be mar ietcd at one time. In order, however. :o make the best use of forage condi--Jons, winter litters must be raised. Pigs from spring litters do not reach i large consuming rapacity soon nough to take advantage of the early orage. Roth late fall and early spring litters should be raised In irdcr to get the most out of the foods rod the market conditions. A. Oemler: The cauliflower can lever become a vegetable of universal .ultivation, for the reason that It will tot succeed if far removed from the noisture and the saline atmosphere of ts native locality, the sea coast, un ess indeed, the required moisture can 30 supplied by irrigation. Erfurt, in be interior of Germany, produces per ttps the finest cauliflowers of ' the European, continent They are grown otween open ditches or small caaals, n lands so narrow ss to admit of rater being thrown by bead from each narginal ditch to the middle of each land." K ' sBm.- -i S-'Lav amBmWmfwP asBBs5L. ' sBBBFBek srafcMBaCaMlr BaksssiiianSB? ' - I'-cSKwamsm BBMflBBftviA-fHbmmmsi BBPjBKsvma - TBasaVf . .a mHSJHfUSfibflBBr WBBBSaBBjBjjn3iWffBYJ mBBBBBlKwKBUS7?UBBBeBBBBF usaeBeBBes?? jESjaaar- . -avnasssk -'SBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBHBBBTgBBsVsu i -BBBBBuJBBMStBmBBBBBBEV SSBBBBBBBBBaSBBwBSBBBvaBBBr jBBBBBBBJBK?5BdBPdr "n''sMiaBaBCBBBaBaSBaBBaFy fjsBV TfS afrGymBsmBsBamsT MsBBBmsBBfT JP- mBBBBBaa frpsssBmBmBBpBmamaBBw JBAfSSak IMbTaSbv JBasasaVsvamv-mmummS-BBrmWBmm ' BWBBKsBBBBmBESJhpMBr, XSBmTBBBWBBTBflmTWarfrBB-T RectolmiM Alkali la the United States aad Canada, aa well aa ia maay other ceaatries ef the world, there are great stretches ot toad that are aafertlle due te a toe great proporUoa ef salt er alkali la them. Usually these tracts af toad are quite tow, aad some ot them have beea formerly bads ot lakes aad poads. There are other tracts ot toad that have developed alkali, spots from hav ing being too loag aader a system ot irrigation that permitted the salt asd alkali to rise ia the soU as a result of capillary attraction. It to therefore ot interest to Amerkaa farmera to know what ia beiag doae ia the matter of the lectomatloa of each laada te for eign couatries. Egypt to the country that to at ares eat attracting the most attention la thla regard. Hare some ot the problems are beiag worked oat This has aot beea aa easy matter. Quite a aamber of years ago, a Freach company bought 10.000 acres of this toad, aad sunk HSOOjMB te aa attempt to re claim it hat were uasuccessfal. Yet the toad they handled was aad is as easily reclaimed aa aay ot the other tend that haa been reclaimed aad made profitable. They showed how not to do it sad other companies profited by their mistakes. The caasea of their failure were first the ditches were aot close eaoagh together to permit of rapid washlag of the soil. The ditches were about 1,000 feet apart whea they should have beea not more thaa 150. Second, the ditches should, have followed lae slope of the laad. They were actually laid out on a rectangular p'sa regardless of slope. Third, reclamation waa attempted 6a too large a scale, and Ivrked thorough Bess. Fourth, 'the lane was p. into such crops ss cottos before it was sweeteaed freed from its alkali aad salt Thla toad to bow 1b process of beiag reclaimed aader correct methods. Ob the other hand the success te ra ctoimteg toad te Egypt haa beea most gratifying aad prof table. Aa EagUsh company obtaiaed a grant of 26,000 acres ot this worthless alkali laad asd tavested $12.50 per acre Is Its reclama tion. The laad now briaga aa aanual rental ot aboat $25 per acre aad haa a value ot over $200 per acre, or a total of over $200,t00. The Eaglish company declared divideads ot 45 per ceat last year. The soU before draiaage was described ss "heavy, dense, sticky, black clay, appareatly very impervious to wster sad diBcalt. to uaderdrste. Ia fact the whole as-' sect ot tha toad to oae ot utter hope lessness, sad bobs hat the most saa guiae ot agricultural eaglaeers would have aadertakea its reclamation." That laad to bow bright with grow--lngfcrops and productive of as Im mense revenue. Tha most effective method of rid ding the toad ot its surplus salt aad alkali to foaad to be floodtag. with tile draiss. The dratas are placed 30 laches deep and 35 feet apart, and the cost Is $30 per acre. This is the lat est and best method, but Is not the method by which most of the Egyptian lands have been so far reclaimed. That method, hss been to use opea ditches sad food the land for months at a time till the salts have soaked out The water is then drained off. In some cases it haa taken two years to suftcieatly drain me soil of Its salts to make the laad productive. American farmers will of course pre fer the tile dratas to the open ditches, as open ditches are a auisaace aad keep mach of the land out of cultl ration. Besides, they have to be larger aad cost more to dig. A tile draia does sot hsve to be cleaned out frequently, aa Is the case with open ditches. Aa experiment of this kind Is now being carried on sear Salt Lake City. Utah, where the ditches are placed 150 feet apart Rotation a Local Question. Crop rotation is a subject thst has engaged the attention and study of the very best talent among agricul tural investigators and practical farm ers for a great leagtb ot time In all of the older parts of the world where' agriculture has reached Its highest state of development says Professor E. E. Chilcott, In a bulletin of the South Dakota Experiment Station. If we could appropriate the results of their Investigations and experience we would find a rich store-house of facts in the literature of the subject, par ticularly the records of the long line of experiments carried on by Sir J. B. Lawes aad Sir J. H. Gilbert at Rothemsted, England. It would be almost impossible to overestimate the value to the whole civilized world of tho work of these investigators, nor do we undervalue the work done by the army of agricultural lavestigatora connected with the United States De partment ot Agriculture and the va rious state Experiment Stations. But unfortunately. In the matter of crop rotation their results have a value to us in only a very broad and general way. This Is essentially a local prob lem and can be solved only under lo cal conditions. Nor is this matter of locality confined to a comparison of this state as a whole with other states or countries. Each of the several sec tions of the state has its local condi tions, peculiar to itself, and in the ul timate analysis every farm will have its peculiar conditions, and every farmer his individual problems to solve. Varieties of Broom Corn. Bulletin 174 of the Department of Agriculture, says: There are many varietal names used by sellers of broom com seed, but many of these are simply new names applied to old strains of broom corn and really do not represent varieties that have been sufficiently improved to deserve spe cial designation. Such names are of no assistance, and manufacturers in buying brush disregard varietal name? and specify whether standard or dwarf Is wanted, and the desired length, color and quality of the brush required for making the desired grade of broom. It is not the name to which tha purchaser of broom corn should give his sttcntion, but rather to tho quality of the seed, and more especial ly to the quality of the brash from which the seed was selected. The original Sonthdowns. found on the chalk hills of Sussex, were much smaller than the breed we now possess, with gray or speckled faces and legs. Instead of the more uniform brown that now prevails. When we are out of sympathy with the young, then I think cur work In this world la over. George Macdon aid. France speeds 35 per cent of her -resources on military preparatlcas. -;i : 1 i &--4&jiSij&!.- fV.t j Azsj&G&UmZ&l, i -y vl &&? 2x& .vr2rii'. .- &t rt " -!i i . iki'-i. a '.iJtjfe .-. -K4u..t . t: -Tft-iimTit ' 'imtm "f . ii. JLLlMrv 44.- j. ,, jt- vii. '4&1 TMMil
