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1 Matters in Nebraska.
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JURY ACCUSES THE HUSBAND.
ratal Treatment Cause ef Woman's
Death at Loup City.
LOUP CITY Considerable excite
meat has been caused by tbe disap
pearance of Mrs. Carl Deisterhoft
froai her home six miles northeast of
here. On Monday her husband re
ported to the authorities that she had
left home and a continuous search
was made for several days, when her
body was found in the bottom of a
draw about half a mile north of their
home aad Coroner George W. Hunter
at once impaneled a Jury, who upon
examination found her bead and body
a mass of bruises and tbe husband tea
tiled to his whipping her on Friday
sight
From the evidence the jury made
the following finding:
"We find that Lena Deisterhoft died
from exposure, due to an unbalanced
mind caused by brutal treatment by
her husband. Carl Deisterhoft."
The sheriff arrested and brought
Deisterhoft to town, where he was in
carcerated in the jail awaiting an ex
amination before a justice.
NEW VALUE OF SCHOOL LAND.
Funds Not Sufficient for Making Ap
praisement. LINCOLN The reappraisement of
the public lands of the state will
doubtless cost somewhat more thaa
the legislature expected and a big de
ficiency will be created in the fund ap
propriated. The school land has not
been reapraised since 1887. and con
sequently there is much of ft which
has increased in value represented by
the reappraisement has been enor
mous, in Nemaha county it being
raised from 85 to $60 aa acre. The
rental of this land will be raised from
30 cents to $3.60 an acre.
While a great deal or the land is
being raised in value, there is also a
great deal which is said to Te valued
too high and. for this reason, lies idle
and brings the state no revenue. This
Is grazing land in the west, which was
appraised at a time when it was con
sidered to be worth much more than
it has since been found to be.
set Prospect is Good.
NORFOLK Prospects for good su
gar beets and consequently good beet
sugar at the Norfolk factory this fall
are excellent and the institution now
anticipates a long run. "
"The recent heavy rains have not
hurt us at all." said E. H. Gerecke,
agriculturist. "The beets have had a
steady growth throughout the summer
and from that fact the abundance of
moisture has not been able to injure
them at all. All through northeast
Nebraska, which is the country tribu
tary to this factory, the roots are look
ing fine and are growing right along.
Nineteen beets were tested at the fac
tory and they contained on an average
over 11 per cent of sugar. The per
centage required for grinding up is 13
and two weeks more will easily put
on the additional amount of sweet
ness. The factory itself is now in
complete readiness for the running
and every wheel can start at a mo
ment's notice."
Gsing to Talk Irrigation.
LINCOLN From the reports which
State Engineer Dobson is receiving
concerning the irrigation congress to
be held at Ogden, Utah. September 15.
it promises to be one of the most large
ly attended since these gatherings
were begun. Nebraska will be repre
sented by a full quota of men who
have signified their intention of being
present as delegates. A special car
will be run for delegates.
Charged With Stealing a Horse.
- WAHOO William Howard, the man
charged with stealing a horse, buggy
and two harnesses from Charles John
son near Valparaiso about the 22nd of
last February, and was apprehended
and arrested a few days ago, had his
preliminary bearing in Wahoo and
was bound over to the district court.
Tbe commissioners of Cass county
have paid Taylor Graham the sum of
9100 damages for loss incurred by an
accident while crossing a ravine near
Elmwood abotit two weeks ago.
Find Lumber in Ditch.
NORFOLK As a result of a tracer
sent oat from both ends, a carload of
lumber, which is to go into the First
street bridge over the Elkhorn, has
just been located in a Minnesota ditch.
The material was dumped into the hole
in a wreck and Norfolk people have
been waiting for it for several weeks.
Another car has been ordered and the
bridge will be put in immediately, so
that fanners living south of the city
may again cross the river.
Father and Child Reunited.
LINCOLN After a separation of
eleven years Henry Brownlee of Canon
City, Colo., and his daughter. Elsie
Brownlee. aged 17, have been reunited
through the instrumentality of Secre
tary Davia of the State Board of Char
ities and Correction. The girl was
taken from the Tabitha home of this
city, where she had been for two years,
two months of which time against her
will, by Secretary Davis, without aid
of the courts.
A. J. Spearman Dead.
PAPrLLION A. J. Spearman, one
of the most respected citizens of this
place, died here. Mr. Spearman was
bora at Jacksonville. III.. January 25.
1829. He moved to Papillion in 1868.
Wound Likely te be Fatal.
BEATRICE Charley Miller, an all
round bad man. war sbot.aad probsbly
ffctaHy wounded by Deputy Sheriff Gal
loway at Adams whiles the latter was
attempting to arrest him.
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnninnmnt
THE STATE IN A NUTSHELL.
The Home Independent Telephone
company of Fiiley has filed articles'
of incorporation with the count
clerk. The company has a capital at
$3,000.
Beatrice merchants have been trou
bled with shoplifters for some time;
but there does not seem to be any
disposition to prosecute them when
they are caught.
Clyde Hile, the 17-year-old son of
a widow living near Cairo, was drawn-;
ed in a canyon in Dry creek about a
mile northwest. He was taken with
cramps while swimming.
The recorder's report for Otoe coun
ty for August shows farm mortgages
filed amounting to $14,960.52 and $17.
355 released; city property filed. S3,
630; released, $1,755.62.
General Sigel Lovelady. who secur-.
ed a divorce from Emma Lovelady in
Fremont last week, was the seventh
husband of his erstwhile spouse.
Three of the husbands were divorced.
James Blair celebrated his seventy
first birthday at Linwood last week
He squatted on the site of Linwood,
Neb.. May 10. 1858. He is now the
oldest settler living in Butler county.
The Nuckolls County Teachers' in
stitute that followed a five weeks'
summer normal school held in Nel
son, closed last week. There were
12.) teachers in attendance and deep
interest manifested.
Two women giving their names as
Mrs. Smith and Miss Tessie White,
and Omaha as their home, were lodg
ed in jail at Beatrice on a charge
of disorderly conduct. They were
fined $10 and costs each.
John Hendricksen of St. Joseph, a
horseman attending the circuit races
held in Beatrice, was relieved of his
surplus cash at a hotel. While in the
company of Mary Joy he missed $60,
which was afterward recovered by the
police.
Fred Hans, detective for the North
western railway, who has been incar
ated in the county jail at Ainsworth
on the indictment of a grand jury
for the killing of David Luse some
two years since, was liberated by the
filing of an appearance bond to the
October term of court.
Fred Wilkeening of Nebraska City
was examined by the board of com
missioners on insanity and they or
dered him taken to the asylum at Lin
coln. He is a young man and labors
under the hallucination that he has
been hypnotized and is compelled to
do tbe bidding of some one else.
W. R. Boody. the colored proprie
tor of a restaurant in Valentine, is
confined in jail in default of a $2,000
bond for assault with Intent to do
great bodily harm upon Bridget Mof
fitt He hit her on the right side of
the head with an Indian club and her
skull was fractured. She is in a crit
ical condition.
George R. Tucker, a farmer living
south of Pa pill ion. has brought suit in
the district court against the Chica
go. Rock Island A Pacific railway for
$3,950 damages. It is alleged the
company built a bridge which proved
inadequate to carry off the water in
Buffalo creek. The creek overflooded
its banks, ruining Mr. Tucker's crops
and doing other damage.
Several large boxes of clothing were
sent from Stella to the Kansas City
flood sufferers, among which were
thirty new comforters made and con
tributed by the women of Stella and
vicinity.
The superintendent of the institu
tion for feeble minded youth is pre
paring to place on exhibition at the
state fair a collection of fancy work
done by the girls at the institution.
In addition to this will be a bench,
tools and all necessary material for
tbe manufacture of brushes by the
boys. The results of the patients
work will make a creditable showing.
More "remaining assets" of the Cap
ital National bank are to be sold Sep
tember 25. Receiver J. W. McDonald
issued an advertisement for the sale.
These "remaining assets" comprise
ten judgments obtained in the Sher
man county courts in 1889 aggregat
ing $18,900. and all bearing interest
from 7 to 10 jer cent, and also nine
judgments running back from nine to
seventeen years bearing 10 per cent
interest.
William Hillman. for thirty-five
years a farmer living in Saunders
county, about four miles south of Fre
mont, moved last week to California,
and it was the first time he has been
on a train nf cars since he came to
Dodge county, though living within
the sound of trains on both the North
western and Union Pacific railroads.
He is about 60 years of age.
James Galloway of Buffalo county
was adjudged insane by the commis
sioners of insanity and taken to the
Lincoln asylum.
Governor Mickey has issued a requi
sition upoa the governor of Colorado
for the return to thi state of Henry
Hyde, who is wanted at I-exington for
the commission of a statutory crime
two years ago. He is charged with
having criminally assaulted Pearl
Grooms, a 15-year-old girl, at that
place. October 10, 1901. and then hav
ing fled from the state.
August Burg, a Swedish stone ma
son, has disappeared very suddenly
and mysteriously from Norfolk and
it is feared he has met with foul play.
While leading a horse behind a
buggy. Miss Jennie Jones, daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. James Jones of near
Smartville. got the hitching strap
wrapped around her thumb, the horse
I Her thumb . wns torn comnlptelv nff
at tbe first joint.
Nebraska City is suffering from an
ether mad dog scare. A dog that
was frothing at the mouth ran amuck
over the principal streets of the city,
biting a large number of docs, and
finally ended by biting a child.
Rancidity in Butter.
If butter-fat Is sealed np and kept
in cold dark place it will retain ltd
normal character and appearance for
many months, but if ft Js kept in a
warm place and Exposed to light and
air It will Quickly undergo chemical
and physical changes and become
rancid. Ransidity is developed by
oxidation, by which means it loses its
customary appearance and smell.
The acidity does not greatly increase
as is shown by analysis. There Is a
difference between whole butter and
pure butter fat in their becoming
rancid. The rancidity of the former
is caused largely by bacteria working
on the casein, lactose ami father in
gredients that serve as bacterial food.
But In the case of pure butter fat
there is no bacteria 'development for
the reason that this substance will
not sustam bacterial life. Two Euro
pean Experimenters Duclaux and Bit
Bfcrtr have proven that bacteria can
not thrive in a medium of pure fat,
and that all changes taking place in
fats are due to oxidation. Air, light
and warmth are therefore the great
factors in producing the rancidity of
pure butter-fat Wfaefe pttfe butter-fat
begins to get rancid it begins to
change eotof-, getting lighter. This
action begins on the surface and
spreads downward very gradually till
the whole lump is bleached. With
this change comes a lardy smell and
taste. The taste at first acid becomes
burning and pungent After several
months of such exposure the butter
fat changes into a semi-solid patty
mass.
Notice Worth Heeding
Dr. Reynolds, the commissioner nf
Health for Chicago, Is sending out the
following notice, which Is being
posted at all stations it which mils:
for Chicago is being shipped: "Miftc
cans must be clean Inside and oat
No matter how clean d can looks, be
fore using it should be washed with
soap suds, rinsed with clean water
and then scalded. Milk shipped in
dirty cans is liable to confiscation."
The notice is not meant to merely
scare people Into being clean. It has
already been backed up by acts, and
in a number of cases milk arriving at
the Chicago depots has been seised
and poured into the sewers. This
should be the fate of all dirty milk.
Just as long as the consumers will
buy and use dirty milk there are men
that will make milk in an uncleanly
manner and deliver it in dirty cans.
A man that will use a dirty can in the
delivery of milk is altogether likely
to be careless in its production. While
the man that Is scrupulously clean
about the delivery of milk is very
likely to be equally clean in his
methods of production. The Chicago
"officer that pours a can of dirty milk
into the gutter is doing a service to
the consumer and to tbe cleanly pro
ducer of milk in the country.
A Loss to Dairying.
We are sorry to learn that Professor
D. H. Otis of the Kansas Agricultural
College has resigned his position
there to accept a better-paying one
as manager of a ranch at Oswego.
Kansas. His salary there is to be
$2,400 per annum, with free house
rent and several other things thrown
In. A few of our colleges are paying
exceedingly low salaries and are un
able to hold any man that proves him
self of value. A number cf our col
leges are paying fair salaries and are
holding their expert agriculturists,
but others do not seem to realize the
value of a live man like Professor
Otis. During the last two years we
have seen quite a number of men
leave their positions with colleges and
go into commercial life, because in
their former positions they could not
make a living. We are not suggest
ing that high salaries be paid, but
that fair salaries be the order of the
day in our agricultural colleges and
experiment stations. We cannot af
ford to lose men like Professor Otis.
iVe doubt if this gentleman is permit
ted to remain very long on the ranch.
Kerosene on Pools.
The inhabitants of some parts of
rural New Jersey heard that the best
way to get rid of mosquitoes was to
put kerosene on ail the pools and
ponds. Some of them were so zealous
in the movement that they kerosened
the ponds in the cow pastures. One
cow feeding in such a pasture died
in great agony and a post-mortem ex
amination was held over her. Her
stomach revealed tbe cause of her
death, which was kerosene. The farm
er examined his pasture and found
the water covered with the deadly oil.
The other cows were taken from the
pasture before they had time to drink
of the water. This should act as a
caution to the people engaged in the
laudable work of mosquito destruc
tion. Water that animals are likely
to drink should never Le made the
subject of this treatment We think
the farmers living near towns and vil
lages will have to be more and more
on the lookout for this treatment of
their pastures, especially if the said
pastures happen to have in them
stagnant pools of water.
Siberian Butter in England.
Recent reports from England de
clare that Siberian butter is coming in
in such quantities that it is demoral
izing the market. This butter, how
j ever shows great variation in quality.
Some of it ranks with the best
butters on the market, but much of it
is of so low a grade that it has to go
into channels where it is used other
wise than on the table of the consum
er in its natural form. Its sale Is.
however helped by the fact that much
poor Danish butter is appearing, al
though the good makes continue to
arrive. It is surprising that Siberian
butter should begin at this early day
to make an impression on the Inter
national market, for the Siberians
have been only at the work of ship
ping butter out of their country for
a few years. Under government. su
pervision their quality of butter
should steadily Improve, and a few
years will doubtless find it an even
greater factor in the English market
than at present
Poultry shows should be held in
buildings that are so arranged that
the birds will not be exposed to
drafts, buildings that permit gusts
of wind to sweep into them every time
the doors are opened and. that are
permeated by currents nf air moving
in different directions result in sick
fowls and losses to the showmen.
The Southdown can boast of a
longer pedigree than any other breed
of British sheep. it is said that
their descent ca be traced farther
back then tha time of WllUaja the
Conqueror.
Water for Fowls.
The methods of supplying water to
fowls are usually crude. On the
farm especially where the labor should
be reduced to a minimum, we find thd
least attention paid to work-saving
arrangements. The large poultry
keepers go about the matter in a busP
ness like way and make arrangements
for the automatic watering of the
fowls and thus lave many steps and
muck attention. But on most farms
the woman of the .house or some
member, of the family has to keep
watch of the hens to see that their
water supply 'does not fail. This gives
one more thing to think about in the
care of poultry; and It .makes many
step! necessary. The open pans get
slimy, and the water gets warm in
the summer sun and becomes a good
breeding place for germs that some
times carry destruction to the flock.
There is no doubt that the water
trough is a very common means of
spreading roup from one fowl to an
other. There are numerous automatic
watering devices, but most of the
commercial arrangements are too
small to be serviceable. They hold
enough water for a sitting hen and
flock of chicks, but that is about all.
In fact, for a flock of hen and chicks
a little home-made arrangement Will
suffice. Take a shallow pan that will
not Hist and invert in it a quart or
larger bottle full of water. The water
will Bow out of it only till the air is
shut off by the rising water id the
pah. After that the water will run
out of the bottle into. the pan only
as fast as the water in the pan is
lowered, this bottle will hold the
water for several days' supply. . the
pah that holds it may be made of
wood rather than of metal and this
will save all tendency to rust In the
material.
An automatic fountain of any size,
may be made for the large flock. A
barrel may be used if it is desired. A
wine barrel should be fitted with an:
iron pipe running from the bottom of
the barrel to the trough in which the
fowls are to receive their water. This)
pipe should have a faucet in it at
some point so that the water may be
turned off while the barrel is being,
filled. This barrel full of water will;
last several days, li it Is desired to'
give the fowls pure water all the time;
a little hole may be bored id the;
trough that will allow the Water te
run out and this Will in turn draw the
water from the barrel. The stream
can be adjusted to any size so that
the water in the barrel will last as
long as desired. Where tbe farmer
has a wind-mill, tank and hbsc; the
barrel may be easily filled dt Any
time, and the owner Will feel like
being more liberal with the Water
than would be tbe case had he to car
ry or haul the water for the fowls.
Probably every farmer understands
tbe principle of air pressure, and the
fact that tip to a height of 34 feet
water will not run out of a vessel un
less air can get in to fill its place.
It is possible to invent numerous
methods of employing this principle.
A little study of the matter will result
in many happy arrangemnts to save
labor. Wherever possible the water
should be frequently Changed either
automatically or otherwise. Stagnant
water soon becomes fob! with food;
especially where the birds have soft
food once or more times a day, as they
will go to the drinking trough after
eating and more or less of the mate
rial remaining oh their bills gets into
the water.
Dark Brahmas.
-
From Farmers Review: tn breed
ing dark Brahmas I use the single
mating system exclusively, t found
it rather hard at first to get good
males and females from the same
mating, but think I have at last suc
ceeded. The young birds are sturdy
little fellows and begin to scratch and
kick almost as soon as hatched. I
lose very few from bowel trouble or
other causes. The Brahmas need to
be some older than most breeds be
fore they lay. but when they do lay
they average an egg about six days
out of sQven. Hatched in spring they
will lay about the first year, and their
eggs are a good size. Two things
which endear my Brahmas to me are
their beauty and their aptitude for be
coming pets. My birds are very much
admired and my friends think it al
most wonderful that the chicks will
eat out of my hand, answer to a
name and even get in my lap to be
petted like a kitten. As they grow
older they are more dignified, but
they are never scary, like some other
breeds. For the man or woman who
wants a few thoroughbred fowls and
has only a city lot I don't know of a
better bred. They are easily kept !a
with a low fence and do very nicely
when confined. I find they are not a
lazy bird, as is often said of the large
breeds, but that they like nothing bet
ter than to scratch and work for their
feed, when given to them in litter. I
would not feed them mash more than
twice a week. Considering the suc
cess I have had in competition and
the pleasure and profits I derive from
my birds at home I have every reason
to be pleased with them, and I am
snre when their good qualities are bet
ter known, they will be more exten
sively bred in the west than they are
at present. Mrs. Josephine Griffith,
Kenosha County, Wisconsin.
Professor Stillraan Kelley of Tale
will represent the United States at
the international concerts to be given
during the Wagner commemoration
week in October at Berlin, Germany.
The concerts vhlch will take place on
the three days following the unveil
ing of the Wagner statue will repre
sent the historical development of
music from Gluck to Wagner. An in
vitation has been sent to Sousa, invit
ing him to lead one of his marches
during the concert of coatemporaa.
ous music
The cucumber is one of the earliest
known vegetables. Moses mentions it
as abundant in Egypt: "We remember
the fish, which wc did eat in Egypt
freely: the cucumbers, and the melons,
and the leeks, and the onions, and the
gttlic"
Hogs should have a little salt dally,
or at least once a week, as It aids in
promoting health and gives a good
tone to tbe stomach.
The word "clutch" is applied both
to the sitting of eggs under the hen
and to the brood batched from them.
People who live double lives are
ant to discover in tbe end that neither
J iavo been profitable.
HAafiBbBWdB9AiBLBjf9BBia6
Time for Apple Picking;
There Is much value in knowing
when to pick an apple. The future
usefulness of the apple depend! d
great deal on this, whether it. is, to
be kept or used at once. There, are
three periods at which an apple, hiay
be picked before maturity, at matur
ity or when it is fully ripe on the
tree. Our best horticulturists tell us
that the maturity and ripeness of an
apple are not the same. At least
these words do not mean the same
when used technically by experienced
apple growers. A mature apple la
one that has attained ,. U flta. nd
whose seeds Are black. An apple is
not ripe till It has attained its proper
color. It3 desired mellowness and has
reached the point wlstre Its flavor Is
at the best
When then shonlfl m apple
picked, before maturity, at maturity
or when it is ripe? It is quite gener
ally agreed that the best time to pick
an apple is at maturity, unless it is
to be eaten at once. In that case the
apple should be left on the tree till
it is not only mature but ripe. And
here Is where the family orchafdist
Minds the advantage to his family. Be
can pick his fruit fresh from the tree
at Just the point where it is most lus
cious. When it His the most flavor and
a hill quantity of juice. No matter
how well flavored an apple may be a
month after picking, it loses its, sup
ply bf juice continually after picking,
for evaporation is going on and there
is no way' of supplying the deficiency.
But for packing or for storing, an
apple should be picked at maturity,
at which time it will begin its ripening
process, if picked before that time
the ripening process will not go on,
for that cannot begin till the apple
has matured, and if it never matures
it does not ripen. The apple picked
before maturity remains of the same
color and does not improve in flavor.
Its texture becomes rubbery and as
the moisture in it evaporates, it
shrinks. Who has not been disap
pointed when biting into such an ap
ple to find not the delicious flavor ex
pected, but a vinegary juice that was
anything but pleasant? The city
buyer or apples has this experience
frequently. If on the other hand an
apple is allowed to hang on the tree
beyond the maturity time and till It
Is fully ripe it generally proves to be
d poor keeper. This is especially
true of the summer or fail Varieties.
Thfe Grimes Golden, if allowed to
ripen on the tree. Will keep but a few
weeks after picking. But if it is
picked dt maturity it will keeri for
months under proper conditions: This
ft the reason why so many Grimes
Golden prove to be very poor keep
ersthey have been allowed td Hang
too long tifa the tree after the time at
Which it was possible td pick them.
Borne Varieties, such as the Ben
Davis, heed to b left on the' tree as
long as possible. These are all win
ter apples and take d long season to
nature. The Bed Davis takes. ali the
time it can get to mdturc on the trite;
and after that the ripening process
goes on for some weeks. There is lit
tle danger of picking this variety and
WilloW tWig tod late, provided frosts
are not Imminent
Places Free From Cow Ticks.
i; it is well khbwh that the United
States Department of Agriculture,
recognizing the poisonous properties
of the cow tick, has established a rig
id quarantine line running from the
Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean north of
Which the cow tick is not supposed to
be found. This line runs just north
of Mississippi and includes to the
south of it eight or ten counties in
Tennessee.
2. There are many farms all over
our state that are free of ticks. Re
cently I wished to vaccinate some im
ported Hereford cattle In Marshall
county and was unable to find a tick
infested native cow in the neighbor
hood from which to draw the blood.
Upon further examination 1 was told
by some parties that they had not
seen a cow tick during the summer
within a radius of five miles of that
place. I do not think I am wrong in
estimating that fully one-half of the
townships in our counties that border
on Tennessee are free of cow ticks.
The same is true to a less extent of
many of the counties south of these.
We have made observations in Pano
la, LaFayette, Pontotoc, Union, Lee,
and Prentiss counties and know that
in them it is by no means uncommon
to find tick-free districts. In the north
ern part of the state we attribute this
to the fact that the temperature gets
low enough to destroy these parasites.
3. Cow ticks are never found in a
field that has been cultivated since
occupied by tick-infested cattle, since
plowing up the land destroys all ticks
and tick eggs. The cultivated lands
of the state include a large area.
4. Pastures and woods that have
not been occupied by ticky cattle for
twelve months will be free of ticks.
Much of our pasture lands are used
longer than a year by horses, sheep
and other live stock.
6. We have seen that water, on
overflowed lands kills mature female
ticks, kills and washes away seed
ticks, and washes away tick eggs.
Much of our state, including the Mis
sissippi bottom lands, and certain
prairie regions are thus freed of ticks.
6. Small lots around towns are usu
ally free of ticks since they are close
ly grazed and the direct rays of the
sun prevent tick eggs from hatching.
Bulletin 73, Mississippi Experiment
Station,
The Miles of the Plowman.
Fall plowing time is at hand, and
the plowman will do well to consider
how he can get tbe most work accom
plished with the least effort The hit
or miss method means immense loss
of energy, a large part of which may
be saved by careful computation. The
width of the furrow plowed has much
to do with the expense of energy. A
man that walks ten miles on a good
road feels tired. How much more
tired will he feel after walking ten
miles over plowed ground holding onto
the handles of a plow? A man In
plowing an acre of land in furrows
seven inches wide will travel 14
miles; in eight-Inch furrows he will
travel 12 miles; in nine-inch fur
rows, 11 miles; in ten-inch furrows,
t 9-10 miles; in 11-Inch furrows, 9
miles; In 12-inch farrows, 8)4 miles;
in 12-Inch furrows, 7 miles, and in
14-inch farrows, 7 miles. Tbe widest
furrow possible that will thoroughly
pulverise the soil should be plowed.
A good team Is an economizer of labor,
for a man will not have to travel' as
far In following a heavy team as
a light one, for the reason that a
wider farrow can bo turned-
yB.s
First Importation bf Angoras.
During the administration of Presi
dent Polk, the Sultan of Turkey re
quested bf htm to recoknieaa .soke'
me who would experiment, in .cotton
culture in Turkey.. Accordingly, Dr.
James B. Davis of Colombia, S. C,
was recommended and received the'
appointment The work which he. did
was eo highly gratifying to the Sultan
that upon the return of Dr. Davis in
1849. he reciprocated the courtesy of
the President by presenting the doctor
with nine Angora goats. Of these,
seven were does and two were bocks.
These goats were then and for many
years afterwards thought to be of the
Cashmere breed, from the fiber of
which the costly Cashmere shawls
were made. As they came to be better
known, however, the differences be
tween the Cashmere and Angora
breeds were easily observed.
The Davis importation of Angoras
was frequently exhibited at fairs, and
everywhere attracted much attention
and received favorable comments. It
was unfortunate for the industry at
that time that they were thought to be
of the Cashmere breed, for everything
that was known about the Cashmere
breed was claimed for these goats.
As an Angora goat can not fulfill the
requisites of a Cashmere goat afiy
more satisfactorily than Jersey cattle
can serve the purposes of the beef
breeds, there was abundant room for
the disappointment which soon fol
lowed and almost drove the Angora,
useful as It Is now regarded, out of
consideration.
In 1853 the Davis goats were pur
chased by Col. Richard Peters, Of At
lanta, Ga., with the exception of One'
owned by CoL Wade Hampton, of
South Carolina, one by Mr. Davenport,
of Virginia, and one by Mr. Osborne,
of ,ew York. Later Colonel Peters
Imported others, but they did not
prove satisfactory. He is generally,
looked upon as the real founder of the
Angora goat Industry in the United
States. Other Importations occurred
from time to time up to 1876. In 1881
the Sultan absolutely prohibited the'
exportation of Angoras, and this pro
hibition is still in effect A few ani
mals have been imported from Cape
Colony.
The West Highland Cattle, Kyloes,
are found in great numbers on the
bills of Scotland. They are well
adapted' for grazing these rough, poof,
upland pastures, where they have to
travel great distances for their dally
food, and withstand the severe storms,
to which they drt) naturally subjected,
without taking any great bdrnt'
A Bit of Swine History;
The swine Introduced Into the Uni
ted States by the early colonists were
of Inferior stock, and the i -provement
in breed is the result df careful selec
tion, breeding and feeding In compara
tively recent years. Size was former
ly the chief aim of breeders, and was
insisted tipon, regardless of propor
tion, per cent of offal of cost of pro
duction, sdys the last census report
Between i818 and i830 the Chestei
White was evolved is d distinct breed
by the crossing of some large. White"
stock from Bedfordshire, England,
with the white hogs then condmon In
Chester County Pennsylvania. The
Berkshire was introduced from Eng
land about 1830, but did not come into
general favor till the decade 1870 td
1880. The Poland-China originated in
southwestern Ohio between 1838 and
1840, from the crossing of various mi
nor breeds. It was known by many
hamfis, from diriorig Which, id 1872.
that of Poland-China was selected by
the national convention of swine
breeders. This breed was crossed
with the Berkshire, resulting in better
form and fattening qualities and in
establishing the black color with
white markings.
The "interest in swine breeding in
recent years is illustrated by the
dates Of first registration of the dif
ferent swine-breeders' associations,
which were as follows: American
Berkshire, 1875; Standard Poland-China,
1877; Central Poland-China, 1879;
American Chester White, 1884; Amer
ican Essex, 1887; American Duroc-
Jersey, 1890; Standard Chester White,
1890. As a result of this interest in
the part of breeders, swine in this
country have attained an admirable
standing with regard to form, bone,
per cent of offal, and time of maturity.
Because of its favorable conditions of
soil and climate, and its vast annual
crops of Indian corn, the chief food
for swine, the North Central Division
has become tbe seat of the swine-rearing
industry in the world.
Hog Feeds.
At the Ontario Experiment Station
swine feeding experiments justified
the folowing conclusions:
1. Barley alone gave larger gains
than when combined with either oats
or corn.
2. Barley and roots gave larger
gains than barley alone.
3. Cooked roots gave much better
results than raw roots, but it is very
probable that the Individuality of the
animals had more to do with causing
this difference than the cooking of
the roots.
4. In tbe case of cooked roots, one
pound of grain proved equivalent to
5.9 pounds or roots. This Is not nearly
so high a value as many people place
upon roots for feeding hogs; but It cor
responds very closely with the results
of extensive Danish experiments.
Michigan Beans.
Within a few years the bean grow
ing Industry of Michigan has greatly
developed. Previously a half dozen
States bad produced the bulk of the
bean crop, with no one of them show
ing a particular inclination to take the
lead. But figures on the 1901 bean
crop of Michigan show the yield
that year to have been 4,639,39b bush
els, an Increase of 1.626,962 bushels
over the crop of 1900. According to
the United States census for 1899, the
entire crop in the United States for
that year was only 5,064,490. little
more than the crop of tbe single State
of Michigan two years later. The
value of the crop of Michigan for the
year 1901 was $9,300,000. Its wheat
crop for the same year was only $10,
000. Tbe acreage for tbe last flvo
years reported was as follows: 1897,
118,228 acres; 1898, 155,627 acres:
1899, 138,810 acres; 1900, 244,587
acres; 1901, 338,334 acres. Last year
(1902) the season was particularly bad
for the bean crop, the long continued
rains ruining the yield in many coun
ties. Attend the poultry shows and study
the fowls. This will take time, but
it is worth time. Talk with the most
successful breeders and adopt- their
csst methods.
The Inertness or Life.
Time: What an empty vapor "tU!
And days, how swift they are!
3wlft .as an Indian arrow flies.
Or like a shooting star.
The present moments just appear.
Then slide away In haste:
That, we can never say. they're here".
But only say they're past.
(Our life Is ever on the wing-.
And death Is ever nigh:
The. moment when our lives begin.
We all begin to die.)
Yet. mighty God! our fleeting days
Thy lasting favors share:
Vet with the bounties of Thy grace
Thou load'st the rolling year.
"TIs sovereign mercy finds us food.
And we are clothed with love:
While grace stands pointing out the road.
That leads our souls above.
His goodness runs an endless round;
All glory to the Lord!
His mercy never knows a bound;
And be His name adored!
(Thus we begin the lasting song:
And when we close our eyes.
Let the next age Thy praise prolong.
Till time and nature dies.)
Isaac Watts.
Last of Heroic Band Dead.
MI happened to see in a New York
paper the ether day." said the ser
geant, "notice of the death of Zach
aria C. Neahr. and I wondered in how
many men's veins the blood leaped
as It leaped in mine when 1 saw that
name. Neahr was a short-ter'rd man.
He enlisted in the One Hundred add
Forty-Second New York volunteers trt
1864. but In his short terms 6f service
it was bis fate to be engaged In tte
of the most daring and perilous under
takings of the war.
"On the 15th of January. 1863. when
the Union troops were formed for as
sault on Fort Fisher, Gen. Terry called
for volunteers to go forward ia ad
vance of the assaulting column and
cut down the palisades or stockade
timbers of the fort. A plan to blow
these timbers up with gunpowder had
been considered, but the fire of the
navy had damaged them to such' an
extent that Gen. Terry believed bis
axmen could do the work better than
gunpowder. Therefore he called for
volunteers.
"James Cadman, William Cabe,
George Hoyt, S. R. Porteous, D. H.
Morgan, Edward Petrie. E. H. Cooper.
Silas Baker. George Merrell, William
J. McDuff. Z. C. Neahr and Bruce An
derson, all of the One Hundred and
Forty-second New Tork, volunteered
for the dangerous work. They ran
forward with axes under a furious fire
from the enemy. All 'except three
were shot dowBi These three ham
mered away at the palisades until
they Cut ad opening through which
one of the charging columns rushed,
and thd result was the capture of Fort
Fisher.
"Neahr was the last survive of that
party of twelve who" Charged with
axes. Up to 1896 not evdi bis nearest
neighbors or the members of his' fam
ily knew that he had been engaged in
such a perilous exploit Then Con
gress voted him a medal of honor and
the story came out. Many of the boys
will remember that when the axmea
moved apart that day Neahr dropped
on bis knees and led the little squad
in prayer. Gen. Terry, noticing this,
said: 'I believe they will succeed and
they did. and the last one of the Fort
Fisher ax squad died last week."
Chicago Inter Ocean.
SJnf the Serta of '&
NO detail Of the tetent celebration
of the fortieth anniversary of the bat
tie of Gettysburg aroused more enthu
siasm than did the participation in the
exercises of the brave "Girls of '63"
living in that (own.
During, the winter of 1862-63 the
Tenth New York cavalry, u'nmOuhted,
popularly known as the Porter Guards',
were encamped there, avd thetyoung
women had ample opportunity to be
come familiar with many of the war
songs of the day. When the troopers
of Buford's cavalry came into town on
June 30, 1863. to scout or the enemy
they were greeted by the girls with
the same patriotic airs which they had
learned earlier In the year.
Such rousing songs a9 "Tramp,
Tramp. Tramp, the Boys Are March
ing." "Just Before the Battle. Mother,"
and "The Battle Cry of Freedom"
were sung by the enthusiastic young
women for the soldiers.
At the anniversary it was decided to
ask the survivors of these patriotic
"Girls of '63" to sing attain to the
brave veterans the songs they loved so
well. A hearty response was given to
the suggestion and at least sixteen
responded to the call. Some of these
"Girls of '63" are grandmothers and
grandaunts, and some still possess
their maiden names. While the voices
were somewhat broken, yet the chor
uses went welling out in good, round
fashion.
The old soldiers present were vis
ibly affected and one. T. P. Kennedy
of Parkersbiirg, Chester county, ono
of Buford's cavalrymen, asked to be
presented to the singers.
A Civil War Incident
The following incident Is told by
Capt L. S. Flatau, formerly sheriff of
Camp County. Texas, but now a resi
dent of St Louis. Mo. During the
war he was a member of Cowan's
Missouri battery at Vicksburg. Miss.
Capt. Flatan says:
"The day that Grant began his
movement against Vicksburg the Con
federate forces were massed at Sny
der's Bluff, on the Yazoo river, where
our army and gunboats were making
a feint to distract attention from the
real attack at Bruinsburg. Sherman
landed several thousand men and
formed a line of battle, which was
opposed by a strong Confederate Iiae.
and there was much excitement on
both sides. Suddenly a horseman
rode out from the Yankee line, which
fired volley after volley after him.
He bestrode a magnificent horse, and.
waving his hat, yelled: 'Hurrah for
Kentucky!' He dashed up. jumped
the breastworks and came within ten
feet of Cowan's battery, which was
standing ready for action. The bat
tery men gathered around him, and
he explained that he. too was a
Southerner and had been trying for
some time to get to them. He took
off his pistols and banded one of
them to a Confederate for examina
tion. While the Confederate pravost
guard was coming up to take In the
supposed deserter he suddenly whirl
ed his horse and dashed back to the
union lines. Many shots were fired
at him. but he escaped unharmed,
with the information that he had
come for. to the effect that the rebel
army was massed in front of Sher
man, and not in front of Grant at
Bruiasburg. The pistol which-, re
mained in the havds of the Johnnies
was inscribed with the aaco' of
All.-n. asd that is all the iaformatic-i
had in regard to the dashing scout"
Can any of the comrades, readers of
tbe "Camptre." foraish any clue to
the Identity of this
Battery Attacks One Maim,
"There will aever be' war wMaewt
flying artillery," said aa x-atembet
of the famoas Loomis battery of Mich
igan to a Detroit Free Press sutaf.
"but yod can take my word for it that
the moral effect ia a heap greater
than the practical. I have seea grape
and caaaister used with terrible ef
fect, but as aa offset let ase tell yoa
a little story. Ia oae of the fights
preceding the' battle of Mavtreesboro
we were ordered to swell a force ef
Confederates out of d certain piece el
woods. I don't know who' discovered
them there, but our six pieces we'at
into action and made things hot We
fired tweaty rounds to a piece and
the shells burst beautifully. When It
was apparent that we had slaughtered
a regiment or two the infantry ad
vanced to hold the position. They ex
pected to come across hundreds of
dead men. but they didn't find one. A
hundred trees bad been rent and rlvea
I and a hundred tons of soil had beea
thrown sky-high, but there was not
even a wounded man. They did
Slid one living man, however. He
had been left behind to keep watch
of ds arid he had not deserted his poet
As Our infantry came up he crawled
out front a hole under the roots of a
stump and asked:
"'Now, then', waal you'oaa
want?'
"We want to make you prisoner
replied an officer.
" 'Is that what all the shootin' has
bin fur?"
" 'Yes.'
" 'Then let me tell yo' that yo pesky
Yankees ar' so mighty extravagant
that yo won't have a dratted ceat
left when this yere wah is naif over -
Gen. O. O. Howard' Only One Llvta.
Oa the occasion of the unveilhfg of
the statue to Gen. Hooker, ia Bdstoa,
recently, the following letter appeared
In the Globe of that city:
"Tbe hundreds of thousands who
will view the procession to-morrow
should not fall to remember that the
last living great commander of any
one of the armies that subdued the re
bellion, the commander of the 148.0O9
of the army of Tennessee. Maj. Gea,
Oliver Otis Howard, is to be In the
procession at 76 years of age. He
thus stands alone. He received, also,
the thanks of tbe nation for selecting
aad holding the field of Gettysburg oa
the first day. when with 20.000 raea
he successfally repelled more than 60.
000 of Lee's veterans aad saved hie
country. Absolutely refusing to re
treat, aad sending messengers to
I Mead. Slocitm and Sickles, "under
God." he sited his country and re
ceived its merited thanks. He had the
high honor of serving in forty-one bat
tles, opening at Bull Run In command
of a brigade, and In the evening of
that disastrous day forming the battle
line at Centerdale that turned back the.
Black Horse cavalry and saved the
capital. He closed with the last great
battle at Bentonvllle under Sherman
He Is past all age of rivalry and envy,
and an eatire nation he has served
with such Idelity and honor will for
ever hold his memory immortal, and'
in no place is he more loved thas
among the Christian people and the.
soldiers of New England in this, her
capital. Boston. Admirer."
t
Capturing a Scheener.
The plan of the privateers or pirates)
was to get possession of the engine-,
room and tbe pilot house, to over
power Bach of the officers and crew as
were awake, and secure them frost
doing any harm, and then to do thi
like by the passeBgerm and the sleep
leg portion of the officers and crew.
Shortly after 1 o'clock on the aiora
ing of Monday. Dec. 7. 1863. when the
Chesapeake was steamicg along about'
twenty miles N. N. E. of Cape Cod
this plan was put into execution. The!
deck watch was surprised and overt
powered, and the pilot house wast
seized.
Everybody was frightened and be-"
wildered. In the dim light armed)
strangers were visible patrolling the
deck; an armed man stood at every
dor leading from the saloon; an'
armed man stood over the wounded?
engineer as he tended the engine. One
of the officers was forced to show,
Braine where the paint was. in orderf
that the name of the vessel might be
painted out. and the distinguishing
mark on her funnel changed. Both,
of these things were done, and latter
under compulsion by one of the crw
of the vessel. When daylight came
some of the Provincials were set to
polishing the bright work, and every
thing wont or. as much as if the cap4
tors were the rightful crew of the?
Chesapeake. Pearson's Magazine.
Modesty ef Soldiers.
"Few men." said the colonel, "were
entirely satisfied with their own con
duct in battle. This was not because
they failed in courage or in their dirty,
but because the greatness of the occa
sion made even the most heroic effort
seem inadequate. There was so much
to do under stress of circumstances,
and so much left undone through mis
chance or misunderstanding, that the
man who was In the thick of the fight
generally came out or it with a very
poor opinion of himself.
"I was reading the other day letters
written by soldiers on the battlefields
of Shiloh. Stone River and Missionary
Ridge, and I was astonished at their
simplicity and humbleness of tone.
Writing of the second day at Shiloh
one man said: "We started forward at
sun up. our line as straight as a rule,
and during the day I think we must
have covered several miles. We didn't
do much, however, except drive the
rebels back, and when night came six
or our company were among the
wounded.' The man's regiment was in
the movement described by Gen
Grant as one of the most impressive
and effective of the second day's bat
tie.
In the Army ef the Potomac.
"Col. Elijah Walker of the Fourth
Maine infantry, now residing in a Bo3
ton suburb. Is said to be the oldest
J surviving field officer of the army ol
! the Potomac and he was a marked
i -....-a in h Hnnkpr monument rere
monies at Boston recently. Ha Is 85
years old and on his birthday Kinsley
Post. G. A. R.. of which he is a mem
ber. presented hire with a handsome
easy chair. Col. Walker missed only
oc battle of the army of the Potomac
and at the battle of the Wilderness a
hid two hcrscsahct from asder aim
j -,--- -rcu3d2d five tl-rs.
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