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NEWSY STATE BRIEFS.
Wheat Im the neighborhood of De
Witt to Terr promising.
Rer. Steeth of Plattsmeuth. has re
etgaed his charge aad accepted a call
.in Portlaad, Oregon.
The "dates for the fall festival at
Btemoat have been fixed for the week
of Auawst 31 to Septeatber 5. ln
orsstve. The little son of Mr. and Mrs. W.
A. Grahama of North Bend, who was
badly scalded by pulling the plug out
of a washing machine, died from the
effects of barns.
At Edgar. Harry Ackley and an
other hoy were playing on the street
throwing small potatoes at each other.
Young Ackley was hit In the right eye
aad the eyeball was raptured.
Seventy-ive patients were brought
to Hastings frost the Lincoln insane
nsylsss. They were put in the new
wmg at the chronic asylum. The pe
tieats bow number one thousand.
Two haras, oae on the property of
Henry Beal and the other on that of
C. B. Letten. were destroyed by Ire
at Falrbury. A horse belonging to
Charles Gllmore perished In the
Articles of lacsfporatloa have been
fled by the Farmers' Grain and Sup
ply company of Atlanta, with an au
thorized capital of $10,000. and with
B. Hodges as president and Frank
Oakmaa as secretary.
While working on a telephone pole
at Hastings. Percy Morris, a lineman,
was pinned against the pole by a
heavy cable which broke. His cries
brought assistance just as he was
about to fall fainting from the pain.
J. A. Parks. Bruce Merldath. James
Sarver aad William Bayer have re
turned to York from a Ashing trip near
Lake Ericson. in Wheeler county,
where they found bass so numerous
that It was all they could do to man
age their lines. They brought home
120 pounds of bass.
The "Red Lion" mill, situated nine
miles south of York on the Blue river.
was totally destroyed by f re. The
building and machinery were the sole
property of J. H. Beares, who bought
the property of E. O. Wright some
years ago. The loss is about $T,000,
with $1,000 insurance.
E. C. Hurd. representing the Omaha,
Lincoln Beatrice Electric Railway
company, was in PaplMon making ar
rangements for buying right of way
for his road. The ane was surveyed
some time ago and the promoters say
they will push the electric line
through as soon as right of way can
be secured.
The State Board of Pharmacy met
and selected two secretaries to fill
vacancies on the board. W. M. Ton
aer of Lynch was chosen for the short
term to succeed C. L. StlUmaa. resign
ed, aad Harry L. Harper of Beatrice
to succeed J. H. Schmidt of Omaha,
whose term expires January 1. Both
of the secretaries chosen will take
their offices January 1.
The seven Meinenger boys, residing
In Cass county, were in Plattsmouth
the other day. Their names, ages and
weight follow: Phillip, aged 50,
weight. 196 pounds; George. 62, 179 Vi;
Jake, 54. 218ft; Henry. 58. 240; Con
rad. 2. 200; Mike. 66. 217; Bals. 6S.
226. The average weight is 211
pounds, and they are among Cass
county's best citizens.
A savings bank opened its doors for
business in Plattsmouth on the 1st of
July.
A case Involving a new construction
of the national homestead law was
lied la the United States circuit court
at Omaha.' The litigants are George
S. Whltaker of Buffalo county. Ne
braska, plaintiff, and William Kilgore.
Thomas McBrlde. Logan Sammons,
sheriff, and one Evans, defendants.
The petition Is tor an Injunction re
straining the defendants from ousting
the ptamtlff from his homestead.
Architect James Tyler, jr.. is busily
engaged on half a dozen or more dif
ferent jobs for the state. The board
of public lands and buildings has in
structed him to look after repairs that
mast be done to protect the buildings
already standing before attempting
plans for new buildings. The most
Important structure is the hospital for
the Insane at Norfolk. This is to cost
$100,000.
From fifteen hundred to two thou
sand acres of wheat and a consider
able acreage of oats were completely
destroyed by the hall storm in Cherry
county. This is considered a con
servative estimate. The parties who
have been over the hailed district say
the loss la wheat alone will be from
twenty to thirty thousand dollars.
Mrs. C. S. Bradley of Beatrice, wife
of a well known traveling man. was
seriously burned about the face and
hands by the explosion of a gasoline
stove.
Every year farmers and truck gar
deners In York county have increased
their strawberry yields. H. H. Schne
fly sold off his patch one day last week
over $200 worth at 10 cents a quart,
netting Mr. Schnelbly about $100 after
paying for the labor of picking.
Coroner 8hultz held an inquest over
Jjames P. McKianey. who was found
dead la the hay loft of his barn at Har
vard, the verdict of the jury being
that deceased came to his death by a
ballet fired from a pistol by his own
hand.
As the result of eating some poison
us plant a small child of Ernest
Wager of Arlington is dead aad an
other oae is lying la a critical coadi
ttoa. Although all symptoms of pots
oaJag are present the physicians are
puzzled over the cases aad cannot
Iscate the exact cause of death.
John Batala, a painter, employed on
the aew Burlington bridge which
aaaas the Missouri river at Platts
mouth was knocked into the river,
shirty fast below. He managed to
to aaore.
LEGISLATORS LOSE PAY.
Court Says They are Entitled to but $3
Per Day.
LINCOLN. Judge Holmes of the
district court has decided that the
legislative amendment to the constitu
tion, lengthening the legislative ses
sion from forty to sixty days, increas
ing the pay of the legislators from $3
to $5 a day, and lengthening the time
that bills may be introduced from
thlaty to forty days, was Invalid.
The court granted a temporary In
junction restraining the nuditor from
paying claims of legislators in excess
of $3 a day for forty days.
The decision was rendered in a suit
brought by Former Supreme Court
Commissioner Ryan, who asked for an
injunction to prevent the legislators
from drawing pay under the amend
ment to the constitution, which was
passed in 1887. The amendment was
originally submitted In 1886, and when
the legislature canvassed the returns.
It was declared lost Later some fine
work was done, by which a recount
was ordered and the amendment was
declared adopted.
The court took the position that the
legislature could not pass a special
act by which a majority of the mem
bers might count in a constitutional
amendment whenever it suited their
pleasure to do so.
The case will be immediately ap
pealed to the supreme court.
RHEA TO GET NO REPRIEVE,
Gsvernor Mickey Says He Sees no
Reason to Interfere in Case.
LINCOLN. Governor Mickey has
announced that there will be no re
spite or reprieve granted to Murderer
William Rhea. He intends to settle
the matter finally, so that there will
be no further agitation, and no other
governor will have tbe responsibility
fixed upon him. He will stand ready,
however, until the last hour to listen
to any pleas In his behalf. The attor
neys for Rhea have been given an
other chance to present their case.
The governor has gone over the rec
ord and found nothing to justify the
exercise of his prerogative, but is will
ing to have anything therein specially
called to his attention.
Rhea has a death watch over him
now. Every moment of his time he is
watched by one or two guards, and if
he does give the gallows the slip, as
some of his old cronies behind prison
bars thinks he intends to do, he must
have a new card up his sleeve. Rhea
gave up hope at the time of the last
hearing. He does not whimper or
whine, but spends his time reading
religious works.
Encounters Strange Force.
ANSLEY. Mr. Lewis is putting
down the two and a half inch casing
well for the town water system, and
at a depth of 120 feet met with a con
dition that he is unable to explain.
All the hydraulic well machinery was
working perfectly, the water coming
up on the outside of the casing, as
usual, when all at once the well casing
raised twelve to fifteen inchos. Old
well diggers here are unable to ac
count for this strange force.
Western Horses Bring Good Prices.
WE8T POINT. An influx of west
ern bred horses is noticed in the local
markets. A carload of twenty-three
head was sold on tho streets by Col.
Milt McKnight and brought prices
ranging from $40 to $80 per head.
Colt Brings High Figure.
HASTINGS. About six years ago J.
D. Mines of this city possessed a colt
which gave promise of attaining con
siderable speed. The colt was sold for
$500. which at the time was regarded
an exceesslvely high price. After that
the horse changed hands several
times, the price following an increas
ing rate. Recently the animal was
shipped to England, where It was sold
for $19,000.
The Free Delivery Office.
S. B. Rathboine, the new superin
tendent of the western division of the
rural free delivery service, arrived in
Omaha from Indianapolis. He will not
take charge formally until July 1. Mr.
Rathbone is one of the pioneer offi
cials in the rural free delivery serv
ice. He was one of the Inspectors
who opened the service in Nebraska.
He laid out the first rural routes oper
ating out of Omaha, several years ago,
therefore is not a stranger to Omaha.
Thief Was a Rat,
YORK. From time to time T. P.
Owen, jeweler, has missed valuable
window. Complaint was made to
the chief of police and arrangements
were made to watch the window in
which the goods were on display. All
efforts to discover the thief were
fruitless. In making repairs under
neath the window he discovered a
rat's nest in which were five valuable
watch chains and one ring.
Planting Pines in Sandhills.
One hundred acres of land in the
sand hills of the Dismal River Forest
reserve in Nebraska were planted this
spring by the bureau of forestry. On
eighty acres 100,000 pine seedlings
were set out. and the other twenty
acres were sowed with the seed. The
work will continue this summer. The
nursery will be enlarged so as to
cover 200 acres, which will hold 2,000,
000 seedlings. It is intended to ln-
Sarpy County Fair Dates.
PAPILLION. At a meeting of the
directors at Springfield it was decided
to hold the Sarpy county fair Septem
ber 15. 16, 17, 18.
Over a Hundred Years Old.
WEST POINT. Cuming county
boasts a centenarian in tae person rf
Henry Kamphoff, who was born in
Germany on January 19. 1800. The old
gentleman is vigorous, has excellent
eyesight and does not look over sixty.
Conquered.
(Lines written on a train in North
Carolina on reading that Sedgwick Post.
Grand Army of the Republic, had asked
to be permitted to escort tbe remains of
Miss Winnie Davis to tbe railroad station
at Karrasansett Pier.)
Not on the smoke-crowned heights of
Gettysburg,
Where, like Autumn leaves before the
winter blast.
The soldiers of the Southland charging
Unnumbered hosts, fell thick and fast
Not there ye conquered;
Not In the springtime on the field of Ap
pomattox. With scattered ranks, hungry and sore
distressed.
The soldiers of our Southland, weary.
Laid down their arms with hearts all
sore oppressed
Not then ye conquered:
But when long years had passed, the
strife forgotten.
At Narragansett Pier Death's angel
came
And claimed the pride and jewel of our
Southland.
Daughter of the Confederacy her
name
That day ye conquered.
When ye brave soldiers of the Northland
Asked the sad privilege to guard her
bier.
You made to vanish the last drop of
hatred.
And caused to fall full many a South
ern tear
Twas then ye conquered.
David J. Weisiger. in New York Times.
Did Not Think It Much.
Says a veteran: "A man, writing on
the third day at Stone river, said:
'We didn't do much yesterday except
get ready for the rebs. It was like
working in the old gravel banks at
home. About 2 o'clock two more
divisions came over from the right
and settled near us, and we heard ar
tillery ana wagons moving quite near
us in the rear. Everything was quiet
in front, unusually quiet, and we
thought things were moving all right
when there was a roar of musketry
and the air full of flying bullets. Be
fore we could lower our rifles to the
ground, chips and splinters were flying
from them. We blazed away as hard
as we could. Our own cannon fired
over us. We hugged the ground close
and kept pegging away. It didn't seem
to me we were doing much good, but
we fired as rapidly as we could load.
" 'Suddenly our own artillery ceased
firing and I thought the game was up.
Then we were ordered forward and we
went at a full run down into the
smoke in front. We crashed into a
rebel line and went over. Some of the
boys who found themselves in the rear
of the first rebel line clubbed their
muskets and grabbed the men near
est them. There was a rough and
tumble fight and it seemed to me we
were wasting our time when the rebels
surrendered. After resting a minute
we started forward again, and it seem
ed to me the wholo army was going
forward with us. Just at dusk the
General rode up, said we had done
verr well, indeed, and ordered us to
return to our intrenchments.'
"This is a description of the repulse
of fireckenrldge's corps on the left,
one of the most decisive and pictur
esque battles of tbe civil war. The
man who wrote the letter was in one
of the regiments that led the charge
that drove back the flower of Gen.
Bragg's army. The artillery firing to
which he refers was from sixty cannon
massed in the rear and on the flank of
his division. The defeat or repulse of
Breckenridge gave the Union army
the splendid victory of Stone river,
and yet this man in the front line of
the battle wrote of it sinply as if he
had been describing a county fair at
home."
The Girl of the War Period.
"The civil war," said the sergeant,
"made as great a change in the young
women of the period as it did in the
young men. I have often thought
that the impulse that has carried so
many girls into employments formerly
monopolized by men was born in the
first years of the war. The girl of the
period was proud of her femininity and
was extremely particular in the mat
ter of employment Even the father
of a large family of girls might not
ask his daughters to do what was re
garded as men's work without excit
ing criticism from both men and
women.
"The girl of the smaller city, the
village, and the country drew a sharp
line between what she might do and
what her brother might do. She was
a reaction from the girl of the pre
vious generation who had been trained
to do all sorts of work in and about
the farm house and was jealous of her
prerogative as a girt Her mother's
had been trained to spin and sew, to
weave cloth and make coats, as well
as dresses; to raise vegetables as well
as cook them, and therefore the girl
of 1860. if circumstances permitted,
was not inclined to do any of these
things. The men were to do their
work and she was to do hers.
"When the war came and swept the
men of the farms and towns south
ward, however, the women were ready
and willing to take up men's work.
Even those who had been taught to
believe that to be a lady was to be
idle became eager to help the soldiers.
Young women who did not know how
to sew organized sewing circles, and
!n the first months of the war the
woolen shirts and other garments re
ceived by the soldiers were fearfully
and wonderfully made.
"Buttons at the collar band, In front,
and at the cuff bands were on the
wrong side, and net infrequently the
sleeves were finished with a fancy
stitch effect that made them look like
the sleeves of a lady's dress. The
boys were wont to laugh over the dear
left-handed shirts, but they swore they
would wear them if they had to stand
on their heads to button them. And
these girls stitching, stitching in mis
directed zeal, with tears dropping on
their work, as they thought of the
absent men. were transformed into
workers. They learned to do things
and to do them well." Chicago Inter
Ocean.
Brave Man Does Not Talk.
"I met the other day." said the ma
jor, "a man who never refers to his
army life and never tells a war story.
You would think there was probably
something wrong in his record to be
ashamed of. but I happen to know that
he is the man that, when our regiment
was surrounded on every side by rebel
cavalry tore the flag from the staff,
wrapped it around his body under his
blouse, and. as tue boys were prepar
ing to surrender, shouted, 'Let's make
a run for it; here goes.' Dashing into
the h!gh weeds, he ran under the horse
of the nearest cavalryman and struck
out for the hills. Two hundred other
men followed, going in every direc
tion, and the rebels after them, but
150 escaped, and the leader of the
party reported to his Colonel with the
flagsilright
"He admits that he did all this, but
he asks: 'What's the use of talking
about itr He contends also that he
acted on instinct and he believes de
votion to the flag and standing by it
and lighting for it and trying to sava
it were Inherited qualities coming
down in the blood from the revola
tlonary and other wars. Ho carried
our flag in a good, many engagements,
and he told me there were times when)
wounded men staggered to him or
crawled to him, not, as he could see,
with any idea of helping him, but with
the thought of being near the flag and
true to it. This, he says, was the fin
est thing in the soldier of the civil
war, but he doesnt talk about if
Monument to Veterans.
Great was the crowd assembled In
the County Court House yard at Media
to witness tbe unveiling of the monu
ment erected In memory of the sol
diers and sailors from Delaware coun
ty who fought and died in the civil
war.
A parade, in which more than 3,000
persons took part, was the first thing
on the program. Fourteen bands were
in line, with many G. A. R. Posts from
nearby towns. The veterans marched
with the precision shown when they
were fighting for the Union. In the
procession, too, were all the militia
companies in the county, fire compa
nies, many civic organizations, and
200 school children waving small flags.
"At Shiloh." said the colonel, "two
of Wolford's men rode along the lines
on the second day of the battle, when
we knew the regiment was fifty or a
hundred miles away. They wanted to
see for themselves how the fight was
going. In the Knoxville campaign we
came early one morning on some of
Wolford's men on picket duty. The
boys said if the pickets belonged to
any other cavalry regiment we would
know where we were, but .as Wol
ford's men might be anywhere, their
presence in our front gave us no hint
as to where we were, except that we
were near the enemy. Wilder's men,
by the way, had the same sort of facil
ity in being where no one expected to
see them." Chicago Inter Ocean.
Boy Was Proud.
One of the members of an Ohio
post tells this good one illustrative
of the colored brother:
"The lieutenant-colonel and major
of the Ohio regiment had each a
'contraband' negro as servant. 'Jim'
'belonged' to the lieutenant-colonel
and 'Harve' to the major. One day
the lieutenant-colonel, hearing a dis
turbance in the rear of his tent, went
out and found the two engaged in
the amiable occupation of throwing
kitchen utensils at each other's
head. After quelling the disorder the
officer demanded an explanation' of
the row. 'Jim' replied in justification,
as follows:
"Dat boy Harbe am de ungrateful
est nigger I eber saw. I fetched him
up ter de majer, an' interduced him
ter de majer, an' got him er good
place wid der majer, an' now he's
puttin' on more airs dan de majer.
Dat's wat's de matter, sah.'" Wash
ington Star.
Greek Meets Greek. '
In Sherman's memorable march to
tbe sea his forces encountered a foe
which might have turned the tide of
events had it not been for the timely
interference of petticoat protection.
As the serried columns of soldiers
advanced with great and imposing
-pomp and power down the main street
of Savannah, Ga., a gate suddenly
sprang open and emitted a rusty,
ragged negro urchin and a grisly,
bench-legged cur. both thoroughly elec
trified with curiosity and excitement
With true canine aggressiveness, the
small dog barked and bounded with
audacious ferocity, while the terror
stricken boy. paralyzed by the pomp
of the panorama passing before him,
without moving his eyes or changing
his attitude, screamed the alarm:
"Ob, mammy, mammy! don't let
Tige bite the army!" C. L. Barnett in
Lippincott
Took Their Coionel's Word.
Humphrey Marshall, commanding
the Fifth Kentucky C. S. A., has been
pictured as a harsh and cruel officer.
He was the reverse so far as his men
were concerned, and was in a fury
against the XUchmond government
which made a parcda of sending 1,000
light cotton suits for his suffering men
in midwinter. When the suits were
distributed Marshall made a speech ex
plaining that the suits were made of
the best Southern wool, and therefore
might seem strange to Kentuckians.
but he assured his men they were a
very superior article. The boys knew
the General was lying, but they ac
cepted the "Southern wool" in good
spirit Exchange.
Mountaineers Good Soldiers.
SayS a veteran: "Nelson's first
campaign carried several regiments
through the counties in eastern Ken
tucky which in recent years have
been the scenes of outlawry growing
out of personal feuds. Forty years
ago the men from these counties who
went to the Union army became sol
diers in a shorter time than others.
Trained in the rough school of ex
perience in the mountains, and used
to hardship, they required little sea
soning. One regiment of mountain
men went into battle six weeks after
enlistment, and did so well that the
opposing rebels thought they were
fighting veterans."
Old Colonial Powder House.
"The old powder house." as the old
building is generally known, is a
relic of prerevolutionary days, having
been built two centuries ago by John
Mallett, who used it is a mill. It is
in Somerville, Mass., on a rocky emi
nence, forming the centerpiece of a
beautiful city park.
From 1747 until after the revolu
tion the old mill was used as a powder
house by the province of Massachu
setts bay. In 1774 the British troops
seized 250 .half-barrels of gunpowder
from the place. The structure was
the scene of many stirring incidents,
both before and during the war.
The National Encampment.
All roads lead to San Francisco in
August 1903, and to the Thirty-seventh
national encampment, G. A. R.,'
which promises to be the greatest,
event in the annals cf that patriotic
organization and in the history of Cal
ifornia as well.
Thousands of head of cattle are now
raved from death from blackleg by
a vaccine distributed by the govera-rceni.
Successful Management of G
From Farmers' Review: The rear
ingof geese for market and exhibition
purposes If properly managed, will
bring in a considerable Income, with
little. expense. A few suggestions may
be of interest and help to those unac
quainted with their management. I
have had best success by dividing my
stock Into small flocks of one dozen
each at the breeding season, each
flock conslst'jg of 6 males and 6 fe
males. If left to themselves geese will
pair, if sexes are of equal number, al
though 1-3 males and 2-3 females will
give good, results. The dividing into
small flocks necessitates expense for
fencing, but as the fence is about the
only item of 'cost In providing quar
ters for them it is insignificant when
compared with the expense of poultry
nouses. The shelter for geese may
be of the rudest kind. With the ex
ception of severe storms In winter
they need no shelter except shade, af
forded by bushes or trees. If one is
so fortunate as to have a pond, the
yards, should extend some little dis
tance Into it and the eggs will prove
more fertile.
Water to swim In Is not necessarily
essential, however, for I have had ex
cellent results from tubs and small
tanks sunk In the ground. Barrels
placed on the side may be used for
nests if desired, but geese are gener
ally indifferent to nests provided for
them. Geese are largely self-supporting.
They pasture much the same as
cattle. Breeding geese should be pro
cured before the breeding season, for
in new quarters geese do not lay so
well nor mate so freely. Results from
young geese, too, are generally unsat
isfactory. Eggs do not hatch well
and goslings lack vigor. I have had
experience with several varieties, but
prefer the Toulouse. They are of lar
gest size, probably the best layers,
and they are equal if not superior to
any other variety in the amount of
feathers produced in the year. And
this is a very important fact to be con
sidered, when it comes to the matter
of profit, I consider it most profitable
to keep only the best of pure-bred
stock and produce stock for fancy and
exhibition purposes. It costs no more
to raise them and the stock when
raised commands a much higher price.
There is also the additional advantage
of being able to sell all surplus eggs
fcr fancy breeding purposes at a great
advance above the market price.
Geese are long lived and If properly
handled are profitable to a great age.
Elmer Gimlin, Christian County, Illi
nois. Quick Returns from Poultry.
Poultry gives quick returns to the
investor. There is no other branch
of live stock producing that compares
with poultry raising in this regard.
In the raising of beeves, horses, sheep
and swine considerable time must
elapse before the returns are made
on the investment Not so the poul
try business, m. year is a long time
in the poultry business. If. a man
wishes to raise broilers, he buys an
incubator in November, buys his eggs
to put into it a short time afterwards
and in the months of early spring
has marketed his two-pound birds'and
is ready to reinvest Even if he
wants to produce winter eggs, he does
not require a year to get returns. He
hatches his chicks from hens or In
cubators in March, April and May
and by December Is taking In money
from the sale of his eggs. The farm
er's son or daughter can take advan
tage to Invest some pocket money in
a real business, and get not only
pleasure but profit from it This
fact should lead many of the young
people on the farms to go into the
poultry business on a small! scale.
Ten thousand flocks might be start
ed this spring by these youthful ex
perimenters and be made to yield
some returns by Christmas. Hun
dreds of boys on our farms are going
into experimental corn raising on a
small scale. Why not some others
go into experimental poultry raising?
This is a field for the girls as well as
for the boys. Let the matter of quick
returns be made a test It would be
interesting to learn the records made
along this line. We hope that many
of our young friends will give the
matter their consideration.
Caring for the Bull.
The bull should have a ring in his
nose about the time he Is a year old.
says Charles L. Hill, and earlier if he
is headstrong, and as soon as it is
healed he should be taught to lead by
It, and always be handled by a staff,
A daily grooming will greatly improve
his looks and doubtless do him good.
Do not keep your bull In a foul dark
pen, but if possible give him a light,
airy box stall, in sight of the herd
of cows, and be sure and clean his
stall, and water him daily. Do not
abuse him, but still be firm with him.
Never fool or play with a young bull,
but always make him mind, and then
as he grows older never give him a
chance to know that be can do any
thing else. Do not trust him if he is
gentle, though you may do as you
please about it if he acts cross. It
is always the gentle bull that kills the
man. Careless handling of bulls has
cost our own state some of her best
dairymen and breeders.
Prizes for Angus Cattle.
The American Aberdeen-Angus
Breeders' Association has appropri
ated $5,000 for the Chicago Interna
tional Live Stock Show; $3,500 for
the Kansas City Show, and $300 each
for the following state fairs: Illinois,
Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri,
Ohio, Kentucky, Nebraska and for the
Kansas Hutchinson fair. The follow
ing state fairs will get $200 each: Col
orado, Wisconsin and South Dakota.
San Antonio (Texas) International
fair, and the El Paso (Texas) Cattle
exhibit each receive $200. For the
Canadian Toronto Industrial show and
for the Canadian Winter Provincial
fair $100 each has baen appropriated.
Interested parties shonld send to
Thomas McFarlane, Secretary, 17 Ex
change avenue, Chicago, for the pre
liminary catalogue relating to the
coining shows and sales.
Night Yarding Cows.
From Farmers' Review' It is get
ting to be a common practice In this
vicinity to yard the cows at night.
For my eight, I have about an acre
to yard In. One of my neighbors has
a lot of about two acres for twenty
cows. There should be access to
water. We find, yarding cows more
profitable than letting them run in
the pasture. And cows under this
treatment give a more regular amount
of milk, than when permitted to run
out as they seem less excitsd. H.
Betts, Lorain county, Ohio.
No Apple Belt, -
We sometimes hear people speak
of a belt for growing this and that
as if a well-marked territory could
be described within which product
of that kind could bo grown, and oat
side of which it could not be grown.
The term has been applied to the
raising of apples, and men now aad
then speak of the "apple belt" But
there is no apple belt and to use
the term merely confuses the discus
sion of apple growing.
The apple can be grown over a
wide area of country, how wide we
o- not yet know," as that is largely
dependent on varieties. Thus in Wis
consin, Minnesota and northern Iowa
it seemed at one time as if it were
quite useless to attempt to grow ap
ples. The early settlers put in apple
trees of the Baldwin, Pippin and
Greening varieties, and experienced
failure for the most part. They for
some time after believed that to grow
apples in those states, except in ex
ceptionally favorable localities, was
Impossible. But some lovers of the
apple were determined to do all pos
sible to establish the growing of this
king; of fruits in the regions where
they lived. They saw that varieties
must be developed that would stand
the severe conditions of those cli
mates. A generation has passed, and
we see those states now large pro
ducers of apples of new and hardy
varieties. The apple growing terri
tory has thus been pushed hundreds
of miles further north than it was
thirty years ago. We are now told
that the regions of Wisconsin about
Lake Superior will yet be dotted with
productive apple orchards.
In these localities the problem of
apple growing is a hard one, but is
not too difficult for the genius of man
to solve.
More work has perhaps been done
in pushing the apple growing region
north than in extending it toward the
south. This is due largely to the
fact that cold has always been recog
nized as an enemy of the apple, while
heat has not been. Yet the apple, be
ing a temperate climate fruit. Is as
certainly held in check by the heat
as by the cold. In our southern
states we find large areas where the
apple is not grown. These are usu
ally the level lands. Along the moun
tain ranges, at a good altitude, the
apple has invaded the south, and in
the west along the foothills of the
Rockies it has nearly reached the
Mexican border. Doubtless work on
varieties will yet dot the southern
fields with orchards bearing red and
yellow apples.
Great possibilities are locked up in
the variations that are found in seed
lings, and what the limit of these
varieties are no man can now guess;
for work with them has but begun.
After another hundred years of seed
ling growing and experimentation
with new varieties we shall know
more about the limitations of the
apple. We may yet grow apples in
abundance from tbe Canadian line to
the Gulf of Mexico.
Hill Side Orchards.
The orchard on the top and sides
of a hill must have different treat
ment from that growing on the level
or gently-sloping land. The latter
may be cultivated annually. The bill
orchard cannot be cultivated, as that
would result in disastrous washing
during heavy rains. One object in
putting an orchard on a rather steep
hill is to utilize it in a way that will
prevent loss of soil and its fertility
by the means of running water. But
in the case of tbe hillside orchard
it is not generally necessary to set
out the trees on the native sod and
leave them to their fate. In many
cases, where the soil is composed of
heavy clay, drainage is a help. Wo
have seen clay hillsides that would
hold water In holes and hollows for
a week after a rain. In such soil the
excavation made for the tree at- tho
time of setting out will prove a veri
table water bowl, in which stagnant
water will remain for days to the great
detriment of the tree. We call at
tention to this fact for the reason
that many people have the idea that
all land with a declivity is naturally
well-drained.
The hill orchard will generally
have to be kept in sod, but this does
not always prevent the use of the
spade around the trees. After the
ground has become well filled with
the roots of the trees it is sometimes
advisable to use mulch. This destroys
tbe grass, but does not disturb the
soil. To what extent this can be prac
ticed will depend on the conditions oi
soil, slope of land and rainfall.
Prizes for Oxfords.
The American Oxford Down Record
Association will offer $60.00 in specla
prizes at each state and provincial
fair in 1903, provided the Oxford breed
is allowed a separate class. The mon
ey to be divided as follows: All stock
competing for these prizes must be
good specimens of the breed or nc
prizes will be awarded; must be brec
and owned by the exhibitor in the
state or province where competing.
registered in the American Oxford
Down Record, bear the A. O. D. II
A. ear tag and certificate of registry
under seal of the association, present
cd at time of exhibition. Where there
is but one exhibitor, but one prize
will be paid. One hundred and sev
enty-five dollars will also be offeree
by this association in special prize;
to Oxford Down Sheep at tbe Interna
tional Live Stock Exposition, Chicago
December, 1903, and $75.00 will tw
offered at tbe Ontario Provincial Win
ter Fair, Guelpb, Ont, December, 1903
For further information address. W
A. Shafor, Secretary, Hamilton, Ohio
Mexico and Irrigation.
The English consul at Mexico Cit;
in a recent report gives the followln;
extract concerning Mexican agricul
ture from a recent number of tb
Economista Mexicano: "It is an un
deniable fact among economists tha
the territory of the Republic in it
present condition is not capable o
producing sufficient to sustain it
population; this is daily becomini
more serious as the population in
creases, and the agricultural produc
iog power of the country diminishes
The remedy would be irrigation, bu
this is costly, and unless the govern
ment undertakes it private initiativ
will accomplish little."
It must be an industrious ycut!
that provides against age; he tha
fools away the one must either beg c;
starve in the other. Estrange.
Kleptomaniacs draw the line at tak
log hints.
Making Beef Without Hogs.
If cholera attacks the hog aad wipes
him out about twenty-five per cent of
our high-priced com is wasted except
from a fertility standpoint This Is a
question which every fanner should
study carefully. How can he make
beef without the hog to consume the
waste feed? Not that we have any
objections to the hog, for he certainly
Is the fanner's best friend, bat we
mast be prepared for emergencies.
We must feed cattle oftentimes when
we have no hogs. We mast study
more carefully the process of diges
tion of feedstuffs. Wbea we see from
twenty to thirty per cent of the corn
which a steer is made to consume
passing through the digestive system
it is a sure indication that there is
something wrong. We are either feed
ing the animal more than It can as
similate or its digestive system w oat
3f condition. In 'most instances the
trouble is due to a deranged digestive
system caused by overfeeding. This
leads up to another point which Is the
mixing of grain and roughage, to
gether which Is, In our estlmatloa, the
ideal way of feeding cattle.
When grain is fed Separately from
the roughage It Is greedily swallowed
and passes into the third and fourth
3tomachs of the animal, thus escap
ing mastication and the action of the
saliva of the mouth which has the
power of converting starch Into sugar
which Is digestible. By mixing the
grain with the roughage it will be re
ma8ticated, thus much more thorough
ly digested than when each are fed
separately. This method of feeding
Involves the cutting of roughage, a
step which most farmers are act pre
pared to take as yet, but one which
they can well afford to be thinking
about as In the near future It will be
practiced by the most successful cat
tle feeders.
Another question which Is worthy
3f our attention is the silo. The silo,
while a new thing In Iowa, is by no
means an experiment It has beea
thoroughly tested In the eastern
states and Canada, and when once
tried it speaks for Itself. It Is now
considered to be lndlspenslble on the
ialry farm, and while It has not beea,
as yet, very generally used la the pro
duction of beef, the results as report
ed to date are most encouraging. The
silo is by all odds the cheapest me
dium through which we can obtain
succulent feed for our stock during
the winter months.
In recapitulation I may say that the
successful farmer of the future will
be the man who combines the pro
duction of first-class live stock with
bis farminc: onerations. who keena
beef cows for the double purpose of
producing butter and calves Intended
for the block, who gets nearly as
many pounds of gain from sixteen
pounds of corn as the average feeder
af to-day gets from twenty-five
pounds when fed to cattle. Who com
bines his grain with the roughage fed
to his animals thereby securing more
complete digestion of the same, and
who stores his cornstalks in the silo
:hat they may be converted Into beef
and dairy products instead of being
burned in the fields. W. J. Kennedy.
Buy a Pasteurizer.
Pasteurization of milk is done very
satisfactorily by intermittant pasteur
ization whereas for cream it is neces
sary to use a continuous pasteurizer,
says M. Mortenson It Is a mistake
when people conceive the Idea that
they will start to make pasteurized
cutter and first experiment for a while
before they go to the expense of buy
ing a pasteurizer. The result Is that
they start to pasteurize their cream in
:ans; if cream especially that is rich
;n butterfat Is exposed to high tem
perature for any length of time the
body will be injured, and butter made
from such cream will acquire a body
similar to that of renovated butter;
that kind of butter will sell below quo
tation and the operator Is apt to de
cide that pasteurized butter will not
be a success. It must be fully under
stood that whenever we want to pas
teurize cream for buttermaking we
must invest money in a pasteurizer;
the can system will always be a fail
ure. All manufacturers of pasteurizers
use every effort to make the best on
the market and one that can be oper
ated with the greatest possible degree
3f economy; ihey are fitting them with
stirrers of various construction; these
ire to make the milk move rapidly
aver the hot surface with the object
of having it thoroughly mixed and to
prevent it from burning on the sides
of the machine. They also aim to
have the cream exposed to the high
temperature only a short time and
then cooled immediately so as to
prevent any injury to the body.
An Unmotherly Sow.
From the Fanners' Review: On the
27th of April an eleven months C. W.
sow farrowed eight very fine, and one
small pig. Although provided with
abundant nourishment for them, she
had no motherly Instinct whatever. As
soon as one would get in reach it
was bit, she either killing it outright
or crippling it so it died. Then she
would run. There was no desire to
eat the pig. She was coaxed to lie
down, the pigs then put to her one by
one until they got nourishment When
coaxing failed, she was tied down, but
finally she got so determined she held
up her milk or else lay flat on her
stomach when compelled to He down.
Finally we gave it up and are raising
what is left on cow's milk.
She is, and has been since we re
ceived her last fall, very gentle and
tame, allowing even the children to
handle her. A young sow to farrow
so many fine pigs is a valuable prop
erty, if she would only mother them,
but we shall not risk her again. She
is a registered C. W. and has every
point of a valuable brood sow, but this
awful disposition. But one person of
all we have Inquired of ever heard of
such a case. Emma Clearwaters.
Shropshire Premiums.
Every Shropshire breeder should
send to Mortimer Levering, secretary,
at Lafayette, Indiana, for a circular
relative to the special premiums to be
offered by the association at the
shows this season. The shows pro
vided for are the International at
Chicago, the Indiana State Fair at In
dianapolis, the Kentucky Live Stock
Breeders' Association at Louisville,
Kentucky, Oregon State Fair at Port
land, tbe Territorial Sheep Breeders
Association at Regina, N. W. T., the
Maritime Stock Breeders' Association
at Amherst, N. S., the American Royal
Show at Kansas City, Mo., Toronto
Industrial Exposition and Ontario
Provincial Winter Fair at Guelpb.
Dairy Bam and Yard.
la locating a dairy ban care should
he taken to have a gentle slope from
the ban ia at least oae direction, af
fording; good aataral drainage for
both ban aad yard. If the ban m
already built aad poorly located,
draining and grading will do much to
remedy the evil, la most cases it
would take bat a small amount of
labor with plow aad scraper, whea the
grouad la ia suitable coadltioa to
handle, to give the surface of the
yard a slope from the hen sufficient
to carry off the surface water. Kvea
if dirt has to be hauled la from out
side the yard to accomplish this It
will not be expensive. The drainage
aloae under a yard la not saMclent.
as the tramping of the cattle soon
paddles the surface, preventing the
water from passing down to the tile.
After the grading Is done the yard
should be covered with gravel or cin
ders. By putting the coarser ia the
bottom and the finer on top a good
hard yard can be obtained and at a
comparatively small expease where
material of this kiad is available. If
this cannot all be done la oae year. It
Is of the utmost Importance that a be
ginning be made by grsdiag aad grav
elisg a portion of the yard aext the
ban, so that the cows may have some
place on which to get out of the mud
aad filth. By grading a part of the
yard each year aad applying a thick
coat of gravel or cinders to the graded
part, the entire yard will, ia a few
years, be in good condition. When
gnvel does aot contain enough clay
to pack hard, a small amount of clay
should be mixed with the top layer.
It will then form a firm surface.
A portion of the yard should be bed
ded, thus affording the cows a placo
to He la the open air on pleasant
days. If straw is scarce tine cleanest
of V e soiled bedding from the stable
will answer for this purpose. When tho
straw and manure on this bedded por
tion of the yard become too deep and
soft it should le hauled Into the field
and the bedding commenced again on
the solid yard. W. J. Fraser.
Getting the Meat for Milk.
From the Farmers' Review: My ex
perience with a creamery began a
number of years ago. I was In debt
for my farm, had grouad to clear,
fences to make and buildings to put
up. aad, do the best I could, it was a
losing game. I came to the conclu
sion that tbe thing to do was to get
where competition was not so strong.
We had some cows, and began milk
ing them, taking the milk to tho
creamery, which brought In some
thing every month. After trying It a
while It seemed like worth holding
on to so I got a well-bred Jersey bull,
have kept one ever since and now
my young cows look llko fine full
blood Jerseys, and some of them are
as good. The creamery was de
stroyed by fire after two or three
years and It was a year or more be
fore they rebuilt In the meantime
I had to do something with my milk,
so began making butter for private
trade, I purchased s. U. S. Cream Sep
arator, tread power and Babcock milk
tester, and went at it In a scientific
way, letting the creamery go. I now
have a large butter trade, am getting
a good price for my butter, and the
cream I have over, after filling my or
ders, goes to the ice cream trade in
summer and In winter the extra but
ter Is shipped. If any are not sit
uated so they can make first class
butter, take your milk to a cream
ery, where they can make fine goods,
rather than put on tbe market an in
ferior grade that cannot get above
the grocery store prices, which are
always the lowest T. A. Btoomfleld.
Brown County, Illinois.
The World's Corn Crop.
It takes about a year and a balf to
obtain reliable statistics regarding any
crop grown in all the continents, and
for this reason tbe latest statistics we
bave of the world's corn crop are for
the year 1901. It will be interesting
to our readers to learn the extent to
which corn is grown in foreign coun
tries. We give the yields for the year
mentioned, when, however, the crop In
this country was about 400.000,000
bushels short of the normal. The re
port is in bushels:
United States 1,522.520.000
Canada (Ontario) 2.S.62 1.000
Mexico 80,000,000
Chile 9,000.000
Argentina 78.000.000
Uruguay 5.576.000
Franco 26,393.000
Spain 23.000,000
Portugal 15.000.000
Italy 87.99.000
Austria-Hungary 168,212.000
Roumania 116,945,000
Bulgaria 30.000,000
Servia 25.000.000
Russia 64,596,000
Algeria 350.000
Egypt 30.000,000
Cape Colony 2.000.000
Australasia 10,505.000
Total 2,320.t7.000
It will be noticed that the United
States raises aoout twice as much as
all tbe rest of the world combined.
Leek Flavor in Butter.
Prom Farmers' Review: A man
writes that he has accepted a posi
tion as buttermaker in a region where
there are leeks in the pastures and
that both the milk and the butter
have a strong flavor from this weed.
He wants to know "what is the best
way for me to deal with such milk."
In reply I have to say, that the best
treatment known for milk containing
the flavor of leaks at the present time,
is to areate it thoroughly at milking
time and then if you can convenient
ly arrange to heat the milk to a tem
perature of 130 degrees or higher
when it Is separated, you will remove
some oC this odor. If you cannot ar
range to separate the milk at thi?
high temperature then I think it will
be a good plan to pasteurize the
cream after it comes from the sepa
rator. The pasteurized cream should
be cooled to nearly 50 degrees and
then ripened with a good starter made
from milk wlich contains none of
this odor of leeks. I do not know ot
any other remedy that Is successful
in handling such milk. Of course it
is not necesscry to state that the
surest way to avoid this trouble if
to keep the cows out of such pastures
but I presume in many cases this can
not be done. The flavor must be
"boiled ouV in some way; there is
no chemical tuat is safe to use for
this purpose. E. H. Farrington, Wis
consin Dairy School.
The ear-lobes are the folds of bare
skin hanging just below the ears by
many called deaf-ears. They vary in
color, being red. white, blue and cres-a
colored.
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