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i Matters in Nebraska, i
' iiiiiiiiiriiiiiT' """! t ttini i tut ii mil T
TERSELY TOLD STATE NEWS.
, Wahoo barbers have organized a mi
fOB.
' Fralt la York coaaty. will be at least
half a crop.
Fremont ha decided to hold a street
fair this summer.
The Tecamseh opera house is in the
hands of aew management
A ire at Hartlngton destroyed prop-
ertjr to the extent of $15,000.
Clyde Courtney of Osceola nearly
cut off his right foot with aa ax while
ehopplag wood.
Tke repablicaa sUte committee has
been called to meet at the Lindell
hotel la Lincoln on Tuesday. May 26,
ltOJ.
Fremont bank clearings last week
were f 232,566.68, being larger than for
the same week last year by $15,168.10.
or aver 6 per cent.
State Treasurer Mortensen has is
sued a call for $100,000 of state war
rants, aumbered from 88,710 to 89,760,
to take elect May 16.
Tke Globe Oil company has leased
S00 acres of land near Fossil. Wyo..
and will go iBto the oil diggiag busi
ness oa a large scale.
The York firemen held a meeting
aad decided to send a team to Norfolk
- to compete for some of the prizes hung
ap by the state firemen's associa
tion. Bernardo, a fine trottiug stallion re
cently brought from Kansas by Fred
Robare of Beatrice, was sold to a
gentleman living in New York for
$2,500.
The number of cases filed for April
la the supreme court Is nearly 40 per
cent less than for the same month last
yean according to reports from the of-
Sce of the clerk.
Charles Shearer was bound over at
York to appear at the next term of
j the district court, which opens there
June 9, to answer to the charge of
baring burglar tools in his possession,
with felonious intent
Horse thieves have been Infesting
Adams coanty farmers along the Lit
tle Blue river for several weeks, but
aa yet no arrests have been made.
A lae large team of horses was stolen
from J. H. Meecham, who lives near
LaRoy.
A runaway team caused the death of
Mrs. Charles Oreencloud, a Winnebago
aaaaw, la Homer. Mrs. Greencloud.
with her 14-year-old daughter, was
driving from her home on the reser
vatioa to Homer, and when coming
down the hill into Homer the team
. ran away.
Congressman McCarthy has ap
pointed Judge F. D. Fales of Ponca as
his private secretary. The appointee
was the chairman of the congressional
committee in the late campaign and
- has been prominent In Dixon county
aad Third district politics for a num
ber of years.
Because he failed to Itemize his bill
of $390 for the execution of Gottlieb
Netgeat ad. Warden Beeraer has been
requested to do so by the board of
public laads and buildings, and the
bill is' held up in the meantime. The
statement turned into the board by
Mr. Beemer is for $300.
Chief Justice Sullivan of the su
L prerae court signed an order suspend
ing the sentence of Mrs. Lena M. Lillie
aatil her case can be reviewed by
the supreme court, which will probably
be in September. In the meantime
she will remain in the Butler county
jail. Mrs. Lillie was convicted of
murdering her husband and given a
life sentence.
The bonds voted for Wasau water
works have beea disposed of and all
is now in readiness to begin work on
installing the plant. The only thing
that remains to be decided is the sys
tem of pressure to be employed.
The floater found south of Nebraska
City proved to be the body of W. Mc
Lelbra of Rulo, who fell from the
Plattsmouth bridge on March 28, when
- the "traveler" fell, and was drowned.
Chief of Police Fergus of Falls City
arrested a stranger giving the name of
Job Headerson, who had just dis
posed of a horse to a buyer there
for $50. About the time of the sale
the chief received a postal giving the
description of a horse and supposed
horse thief from Atchison, Kan. The
chief started on a tour of the livery
barns aad nabbed Henderson from the
. description on the card. The horse
was recovered and lienderson taken
to Atchison, where a reward was paid
for his capture.
Miss Joanna Hagez of Norfolk has
been elected librariaa of the Beat
rice public library, to succeed the late
Mrs. Abel!. Miss Hagey is a gradu
ate of the State university and also
the library school of Illinois, ana
comes very highly recommended.
The voters of Nance county voted to
tssae the beads of the county to the
amount of $75,000 for the purpose of
etecting over the Loup river steel
. bridges at Genoa. Fullerton and Pal
mer. The vote stood 1.038 for the
bonds aad 239 against them.
George E. Barker, a tenant farmer,
liviag aear Benedict, fell in front of
h!a disc aad his team ran away and
-fee was badly maagled and cut up.
Neighbors are assisting in putting in
crops and test week they contributed
$99 ta cash to Mr. Barker.
Joaa G. Mickey, ancle of Governor
Mickey, died at Osceola. He has had
asthma for years aad has beea con
f aed to his house twenty weeks. He
was 74 years old and was one of the
first settlers of the county, being the
f rat coaaty commissioner.
Fred Oeetrica, August Oestrlch, Jno.
granger aa William Degaer, living
oar, were arrested for sein-
aad having: flak la their posses
They had their hearing before
Coaaty Judge William. All bat Wll-
gaer pleaded guilty to the
aad the judge flaed them each
tltsawceets.
Tha arciariwta of Johnson county
are vary kapafal for at least from half
ta twa-tawda af a crop of peaches aad
as sin, aai aa afaeh from the straw.
HrrlaV"'1 Ufetard.
DAMAGE TO THE FRUIT CROP.
What Robert W. Furnas Says Regard
Ing tha Matter.
Ex-Governor Furnas, being Inter
viewed in regard to damage to fruit
by the late cold weather, said:
"The morning after the nipping frost
of the 28th ult, we all thought therr.
was no hope for a fruit crop this
year. After confronting facts. It was
found we were more scared than hurt.
Many early blooms of apples, our
great standard fruit crop, had escap
ed. The later bloomlag trees, large
ly in the majority, came into bloom,
and fruit setting unscathed. To date,
my apple orchards give all the prom
ise I could ask. or wish for. That old
sensible and reliable variety of ap
ples. Rawles Genet, in common fruit
parlance known as Jennetin the lat
est of all to bloom could not be se
duced by March or April sunshine
from its winter quarters, out of its
season, and is in all Its glory.
"Peaches will be a good fair crop.
From their scarcity we hope the qual
ity will be superior and; in a meas
ure, compensate for the lass of quan
tity. The later and more valued vari
eties are less Injured than the early
ones.
"Apricots are next to an entire fail
ure. Only a few scattering specimens
are to be found heie and there.
"Plums and cherries stand next to
apricots as to damage. Cherries gtra
more promise than plums.
"Grapes, all early blooms were kill
ed. To the surprise of all, the vines
are putting out new fruit buds, giving
promise in the end of a possible fair
crop.
"After all, we have really no cause
to complain. Apple trees, our stand
ard fruit, will do their duty, and we
will be favored with a good crop if we
perform our duty and fail not to look
after spraying."
Orchardists Are Hopeful.
TECUMSEH The orchardists of
Johnson county are very hopeful for
at least from half to two-thirds of a
crop of peaches and apples and as
much from the strawberries, notwith
standing the blizzard. Cherries and
plums are greatly injured and there
will be but few. The gardens are
coming up again in good shape.
Wheat was benefited by the moisture
and is looking fine. Corn planting Is
now on In earnest and the weather is
warm.
Statement of Appropriations.
From the office of the auditor there
will soon be issued a statement of the
appropriations and expenditures of the
last legislature. The office force is
busily engaged in making the compila
tion and the copy will soon be ready.
The law. requires that this be done
within sixty days after the adjourn
ment of the legislature, and while It
has not always' been the custom to
have the reports ready by that time,
from the prospects this y.ear such will
be done.
Rain Will Retard Planting.
BEATRICE The heaviest rain ot
the season visited this section Sunday
and Monday. The rainfall is estimat
ed at more than three inches and as
a result the river has raised about two
feet. It will have a tendency to great
ly retard corn planting, which is well
under way in this section.
Talbot in the Lead.
LINCOLN Advices received here
from nearly all the states In which
conventions of the Modern Woodmen
were held Wednesday indicate that A.
R. Talbot of this city will have a
sufficient backing to win the head con
sulship, the highest position in the or
der, when the national convention
meets next month in Indianapolis.
Farmers Are Buying Lumber.
YORK There never was a time ta
the history of York county when
farmers were making as many im
provements as now. During the month
one lumber company in this city paid
$9,000 freight There are ten other
lumber yards in York county and they
are all enjoying a large business.
Hot Metal Injures Eyes.
YORK Bert Barnett, an employe
of the York foundry and iron works,'
met with a serious accident while
melting babbitt metal. A particle of
the molten metal struck him in the
eye, which was badly burned, and may
cause him to lose his eyesight.
Failure for Irrigation.
NORTH LOUP Irrigation in this
county is probably deal for all time,
the thirteen-mile canal which the
township helped to build by issuing
$10,000 in bonds after having passed
through forecloseure proceedings, fail
ed to furnish any water last year.
This season an effort was made to
organize an irrigation district and buy
in the property, but it failed to get
the required number of signatures to
the petition.
Man and Money Missing.
WEST POINT Ludwig Herse, for
two years water commissioner of this
city, whose term expired May 1, has
been found to be a defaulter to the
amount of $798.77, and a warrant has
been issued for his arrest by County
Judge Krake on complaint of his
bondsmen. Herse has absconded and
his whereabouts are unknown. He
had been a resident of the city for
twenty-five years and enjoyed the es
teem of his fellow townsmen.
Dobson on Irrigation.
LINCOLN State Engineer Dobson
has returned from a trip to the west
ern irrigated portions of the state
His report of the results of irrigation
and the prospects for still more suc
cess duing the coming year are rose
ate. Irrigation work, he says, will
consist this year largely in the con
struction of storage reservoirs for the
purposa af conveying the water which
is plentiful daring the springtime, but
wale dries, ajp tetor fe the hot stoats.
&r
Tha Dark Before Dawn.
h, mystery of the morning gioain.
Of haunted air. of windless hush!
Oh. wonder of the deepening- dome
Afar, still far. the morning's (lush!
My spirit hears, among the spheres.
The round earth's ever-aulckenlng rih!
A single leaf, on yonder tree.
The planet's rush hath felt, hath heard;
And soon all branches whispering be!
That whisper wakes the nested bird
The song- of thrush, before the blush ,
Of dawn the dreaming world has ever
stirred!
i
The old moon withers in the east
The winds of space may drive her far!
In heaven's chancel waits the priest
Dawn's pontiff-priest, the morning star!
And yonder, to! a shafted glow
The gates' or day-spring fall ajar!
Scribner's.
A War-Time Incident.
Several months ago, when Depart
ment Commander Weber of the Grand
Army was in Chattanooga looking
after a site for the Ohio monument to
her soldiers who fought at Mission
Ridge, he met a CapL SmarC Incident
ally, in the conversation,-Commander
Weber spoke of the charge- of the
Union forces up the ridge, and of a
Confederate battery which tried to
escape, but snagged one of its guns
on a stump. He spoke also of one ot
the boys of his company who dropped
a red cap near one of the batterymen.
CapL Smart gave him the address of
CapL Dent, who commanded the bat
tery, and the commander wrote to him
receiving the following interesting re
ply: "I commanded what was known as
'Dent's battery' at the battles of Chick
amauga and Mission Ridge. My bat
tery was on the ridge and not far to
the left of that part of the Confeder
ate line which was opposite Orchard
Knob. My battery was divided when
the assault was made on the ridge. I
had two guns at the left of a public
road, and four to the right of said
road. I think the road was the Shal
low Fork road, but am not sure. I
had six brass 12-pounder Napoleon
guns, and lost five of them In this
battle.
"I feel satisfied from your descrip
tion of the battle thatit was my bat
tery that fired on your flank, or at
least a part of it. As soon as the as
saulting column got under the hill so
we could not reach them by front fire,
we turned our guns so as to infilade
the assaulting column as much as pos
sible. One of my guns, the one near
est the road, got away. When I found
the fire so heavy that I could not
hope to escape that way. I tried to
take the guns over through the under
brush. "In going down I remember the axle
of one of my guns caught against a
stump. I tried to have it lifted over
the stump, as the ground there was
quite steep, and got the front axle
over, but before we could get the hind
axle over your people got very close
and opened fire, killing, as I now re
member, one man, and wounding sev
eral others. I was with this gun, and
a bullet went through my coat sleeve.
The gun, of course, was abandoned
there.
"The red cap which your people
found there belonged, I think, to the
man killed there his name was
Schaub. When I say he was killed I
know he was shot through the neck
and fell, and judging from the way the
blood spurted, I saw no chance for
him, and we left without ceremony.
"My impression is .that the officer
who rode the white horse in that bat
tle was Gen. Patton -Anderson. Gen.
Anderson was afterward very badly
wounded in the battle of Jonesboro.
He died a few years ago in Memphis,
Tenn., but went into the army from
Florida.
"My battery was reorganized, but
with only four guns, and I was in all
the battles from Dalton to Atlanta,
and was wounded July 22, 1864. in the
battle of Atlanta the day Gen. Mc
Pherson was killed and later was
wounded in the battle of Nashville. I
was also in the battle of Pittsburg
Landing, as some of your people call it
and was wounded there.
"The war is over. I have a son in
the navy who took part in the Spanish-American
war a few years ago so
you see he fought, for the flag in that
war. if I did follow the stars and bars
in the war of 1861-65.
"S. D. Dent, Eufaula, Ala."
In a postscript the captain cays of
the battle of Mission Ridge:
"One incident of the battle you may
recall. As your column advanced up
the hill just opposite where one sec
tion of my battery was posted, which
was to the Confederate left of this
road; in firing on the column with the
infilading fire, we cut down the only
tree, as I remember, left standing.
The tree fell right on the advancing
column, and, as it rolled down the
steep hill, it carried with it one man,
who had evidently been caught in the
limbs of the tree. The picture of that
man as he was carried down by the
tree is very vivid in my mind."
Think Railroad Rate Too High.
There is a good deal of comment Ip
Grand Army circles in the East over
what the comrades regard as too
high a rate established by the rail
roads for the trip to the National
Encampment, to be held in San Fran
cisco in AugusL Seventy-three dol
lars from New York is regarded as
too high. They cite the fact that the
Christian Endeavorers, when their
international convention was held in
San Francisco, were given a rate of
$52. Massachusetts veterans have
taken the matter up seriously, and a
committee of six will be appointed to
act with the Department Commander
of that state In securing lower rates,
if possible. A meeting of the present
and past officers of the Department
of Massachusetts and delegates was
held in the state house in Boston re
cently to consider the subjecL It
was resolved to ask Commander in
Chief Stewart to use all proper in
fluence to get as good rates to San
Francisco for the week of August 17
as was given the Christian Endeavor
society.
Colored Man Was Grateful.
"I had a pleasant reminder of the
war the other day," said the Captain.
"It came in the shape of a silver
cream pitcher and. sugar bowl, ac-
companied by a well-written letter,
which my people liked very much.
The letter abounded in references the
Rigniflcance of which waa apparent
only to myself.- After one of the hot
engagements of the war I came upon'
a young colored man who had been
between -the lines and who was like
a man paralyzed. I spoke, reassur
ingly to him aad hurried after the re
treating enemy.
"In the evening some of my men
brought the young negro into camp,
and aa I passed the group I heard the
boys explaiaiag to the young fellow
that he was free and could do aa he
pleased. They wanted to know what
he was going to do about It, aad In
timated pretty strongly that if they
were In his place they would take
the job of cooking for a certain mesa
in their' own company. As I passed
the' colored man came toward me and
stammered that he didn't know what
the massas meant, but if he could do
as he pleased he would do whatever
I wanted him to do.
"He became my cook and man of
all work at company headquarters,
and remained with me to the end of
the war. I took him home with me
and in due time established him in
business. Then I came West, and
after my location in Chicago did not
hear from my protege for thirty
years. He, in the meantime had
changed location, had prospered In
business, and after thirty years' wait
ing sent me the silver creamer and
sugar, and a letter testifying to his
gratitude and affection. I liked that,
you know, and I was as glad to hear
of his success in life as I would be
to hear of the success of an old com
rade In arms." Chicago Inter Ocean.
Daughters of Veterans.'.
On Memorial Day, 1885, five school
girls, none of them being over 16
years of age at the time, stood at the
gate of the cemetery at Massillon, O
and watched their brothers, the Sons
of Veterans, taking part In the observ
ance of the day in the official capacity
of their society. "Why can't we have
a society to be called the "Daughters
of Veterans?' interrogated one of the
girls of her companions. "Why can't
wet" they all responded. The ides
had no sooner had its origination than
the girls set to work with a will and
a vigor to organize a local order, anc
soon their number was increased to 14
girls and they became the chartei
members of not only the first societj
of Daughters of Veterans in the state
of Ohio, but in the whole United
States.
The girls were encouraged by theii
parents and soon the society was in
corporated under the laws of the state
as is any other lodge or society.
The growth of the order has beer
slow but gradual and it bids fair in s
few years to become an organizatior
of great strength as any descendant
of a veteran may become a membei
of the order, thus permitting it to per
petuate itself.
Few Fraudulent Claims.
Every now and then 'is heard i
remark to the effect that many appli
cants for pensions are frauds, or that
many claims made by soldiers are
fraudulent, and the unthinking be
lieve IL The last report of trials anc
convictions for one year shows then
were 226 convictions, against 159 Per
sons, as follows:
Soldiers and sailors, 11. Women's
roll Claiming as widows (after re
marriage), 22; bogus widows, 11;
claim as mother of soldier, 1; false
witnesses, 4. Civilian's record, men'f
cases Attempting bribery, 1; con
spiracy, 2; false certifications, 23;
false claims, 22; false personation, 1;
forgery and perjury, 24; prosecuting
claims while a government officer, 3
Offenses also against pensioners
Embezzlement from minors', 1; charg
ing illegal fees, 15; personating gov
eminent officers, 13; retaining pen
sion certificates, 2.
Only eleven soldiers and sailor?
appear in the above list, two of whom
were deserters, and one other served
in the' Spanish-American war.
Grand Army Notes.
The fifteenth annual encampment ol
the Grand Army of the Republic oi
the Department of Georgia was held
at Fitzgerald, Ga,, on Saturday, March
21.
E. D. Bacon, department command
er of the G. A. R. of Alabama, has is
sued general orders from the head
quarters, Birmingham, Ala., conven
ing the fifteenth annual encampment
of the department . at Birmingham.
Ala., on Tuesday, March 24.
The members of the Roanoke anc
Newberne Association held their an
nual reunion at the Grand Army Hal'
in Athol, Mass., on Saturday, March
14. The meeting was well attended
James Oliver is president and R. L
Doane secretary and treasurer of the
association.
Raising Fund for Encampment
An effort is being made to raise t
fund of $100,000 to pay the expenses
of the coming ex-Confederate soldiers
reunion in New Orleans. One contri
butinn of $1,000 has been made, ape
is the largest thus far. Three of $500
one of $300, and five of $200 have
been made. The Union Veterans' As
sociation has given $10, regretting it
inability to give more, and saying:
"We are prompted to this action by
the kind treatment always accorded
us by the Confederate veterans dur
ing our residence among you."
Postpone Meeting Till October.
The Society of the Army of the
Tennessee has decided to postpone itt
meeting, in Washington, D. C, from
May to October 15. This action ha
been taken on account of a desire
to have the President present at the
unveiling of the statue of Gen. Sher
man. Confederates to Meet Yearly.
It is. proposed to have a yearly re
union of the South Carolina Confed
erate veterans so long as a sufficient
number survive, and that it be al
ways held in Columbia.
A Novel Experience.
A great feature of the new "Lake"
submarine, says Page's' Magazine, is
the driving compartment,' located in
the bow of the boaL It has a room
about eight feet long, with a door that
opens outwards into the sea. An air
lock connects the diving compartment
with the living quarters when the cap
tain desires to send a man ouL He
enters this compartment, closes the
door, and opens a valve, which admits
the compressed air until the pressure
of the air in the diving compartment
equals the pressure of the water at
whatever depth the boat happens to
be. There is a duplex gauge in the
compartment with a red 'and black
hand. The black hand shows the
water pressure outside, and the red
hand shows the pressure of air Inside
the diving compartmeaL When the
two hands are together this indicates
that the pressure of the water outside
and the air pressure inside are equal.
men tne aoor can oe cpenea, ana ue i
water will not come in. The diver,
who haves the boat can pick up and
cut cables and can do mining and
countermining work.
HQDTTQIJKriJCT
v The Hardy Catalpa.
Wa. L. Hall: Hardy Catalpa makes
its bast growth on very rich, deep
soil. la tha FarMngton forest the best
returns oa the best 'soil are almost
Are times as great as on the poorest
Grown in pure' stand, the Catalpa
should be protected from the wind by
shelter belts of taller trees. A thin
belt of cottonwood on the windward
side of a plantation will protect tha
edge trees and allow them to, make
much taller and stralghter growth;
even aa Osage orange hedge, though
not growing so tall, will generally
protect them. It Is much cheaper for
the planter to grow his trees from
seed than to buy them from a nursery,
if a large number are to be planted.
In the Manger plantation the cost of
trees grown on the farm was 50 cents
per thousand, while those from a nur
sery, with freight, cost about $4 per
thousand. The cost of establishing the
Yaggy plantation with home-grown
trees, including cutting back and two
years' tillage, was $11.70 per acre;
the cost of establishing the Farllngton
forest by contract, including the same
amount of tillage, but no cutting back,
was $30 per' acre.
The proper spacing used In planting
is from 4 by 4 to 4 by 6 feet The
Catalpa planter who sets his trees
thinly upon the ground will find them
growlsg with spreading tops In spite
of his most careful efforts to prevent
It The most important advantage of
close planting for the Catalpa is that
it kills the lateral branches while
young. If the lateral branches die be
fore becoming more than one-half inch
in diameter, they are easily pushed off
by the tree and do no damage; but If
they reach a larger size than this, as
they are sure to do in thin planting,
they cling to the tree for years, even
after they die. The development of
large side branches unfits the Catalpa
for practical use. While the stand may
become so dense as finally to shade
them out, they cling with such per
sistence to the growing trunk that it
can not cast them off. New wood is
deposited around the dead branches,
but does not unite with them. The
holes thus formed lead straight Into
the heart of the tree, and the angle
of the branches Is just right to con
duct water and germs of decay into
;the trunk.- When the branch is finally
released It leaves a great hole leading
to the decayed heart of the tree. The
tree thus ruined sooner or later breaks
down a complete loss. Cutting back
the young trees after two or three
seasons, so as to develop a single
sprout from the stamp, greatly hastens
height growth and prevents low side
branches.
Spraying a science.
Spraying Is a science of Itself, says
Prof. F. M. Webster. It is a profes
sion as yet undeveloped, and until we
give it more attention and improve
upon and develop its practical value
we shall never get the full and effect
ual beneut from it that is possible
with our material and machinery. I be
lieve the time will come when spray
ing will constitute a distinct and sep
arate department of horticulture, and
students will in our agricultural col
leges be trained -in not only the
science of spraying, but the sciences
that are most necessary in connection
with it, viz., entomology, botany and
chemistry.
Agriculture in Honduras.
Reports of United States consuls
show that agriculture is rapidly de
veloping In Honduras. The products
are largely those that can be sold to
the United States, and are such as
compete but little with products raised
in this country. Half a million bush
els of corn and 20,000 bushels of red
beans are raised for home consump
tion. A little wheat and large quanti
ties of rice are also being produced.
But tropical fruits are the products
that promise most. Over 42,000 acres
have been planted to banana trees, and
last year over three million bunches
were harvested. About 20,000 acres
of plantains have been planted, and
last year over 36,000,000 of this fruit
were harvested. Over a million cocoa
nut 'trees were last year reported in
bearing, and $120,000 worth of that
fruit was exported. Oranges, lemons
and limes are being grown in ever
increasing quantities, as well as plan
tations of coffee trees and the fields of
tobacco. About 9,000 acres are re
ported as producing indigo. As yet
only about 8,000 acres of land are un
,der Irrigation, but it is said that with
irrigation the whole country can be
made a veritable garden.
A Blue Grass Pasture.
From Fanners' Review: I do not
think anything can equal a blue grass
pasture for milch cows, for a perma
nent pasture. I have a pasture of 35
acres that has never been plowed and
it is better now than when I bought it
thirty years ago. The thirty-flve-acre
piece pastures 40 cows. It is divided
into two fields and the cows only pas
ture on about one-third of it during
the first of the season. A good blue
grass pasture should be rather low
and level and well drained. Cows
should not be allowed in pasture until
grass has a good start In my 'coun
ty (Carroll, Illinois) it pays to keep
cows in yard until the 15th of May or
1st of June. W. R. Hostetter.
Worms.
The worm's home is a hole of long
halls dug in the ground. These halls
are lined with a kind of glue from
the worm's body, the glue making the
walls firm so they will not fall in.
The 'halls are not very deep under
ground, and when the weather is cold
or dry the worms dig deeper. In win
ter worms plug up the doors of their
houses, and this is done often by
dragging Into It a plant stem that will
fit it They carry into their homes
leaves and stalks to eat, and they
bring out and throw away things
which they do not like. Worms usu
ally come out of their holes at night
or in wet weather. If they get far
from their homes they cannot find
their way back; then they make a new
hole. Each worn lives alone. In the
evening .or early morning, or during
rain, you will often find worms with
their heads stuck out of their doors.
They do not come out when the sun
is shining bright, as the heat dries
worms up very fast and kills them.
Birds know the habits of worms and
search for them at sunrise or after
sunset, or while it is raining. A worm
will die in one day in dry air, but will
live for weeks under water. Yonng
worms know as well how to build
'their houses and carry things in and
out of' them as do -old worms. The
American Boy.
I POULIKY 1
Meat for Buff Leghorns.
From Farmers Review: My ex
perience with this variety of egg-producing
fowls goes back to 1901, being
one of the very first in this county to
take the same up. I raise them for
eggs and show purposes both, and be
lieve no better fowl wears feathers for
an all round breed and a money mak
er, as there is more money in eggs
tnan In .market poultry, and no fowl
can beat a Leghorn for eggs.
In order to get eggs in the winter
we must feed meat, green bones or
some kind of blood meal. The only
question with me (and it should be
with any breeder) Is the cost of the
feed, as I consider all are on the same
level for the good of the fowl, and the'
foods the breeder can get at a reason
able cost are the ones to feed. Fowls
must have meat to 'lay. well, and also
no better feed have we found for mak
ing eggs fertile than somo meat We
use green bones, which we consider as
good,. and .can be purchased in this
city at 2 cents per pound, all ground
and delivered-and the cost of meat Is
4 to 6 cents per pound. Meat should
be fed to chicks as they are growing,
as it gives muscle and helps the chick
in many ways, and for getting a bird
In show shape Is one of the best feeds
we have ever found. In fact it is one
ot the articles of .feed that I could not
get along without, and can hardly see
how any successful breeder can do
otherwise. We must have it, and the
only question is how cheap can we get
it The birds that win for me in such
shows as New York, Chicago, Detroit,
a- ' Cleveland are all meat eaters, and
no better birds can I find for eggs, and
I want nething better. Geo. S.
Barnes, Calhoun County, Michigan.
The Leghorn Cock.
In shape a Leghorn cock should be
graceful; body, round and plump,
broad at the shoulders, and tapering
toward the tall. The tail should be
well balanced on a fair length of
A LEGHORN COCK.
shank and thigh; the length of leg
giving the bird its sprightly and
proud carriage. Closeness of feather
ing adds to the general shape and se
cures a freedom from angles which
always proclaims the pure bred,
typical specimen. The breast should
be full, beautifully curved, rather
prominent, and carried well forward.
Neck, long, well arched, and carried
erect; back, of medium length, with
saddle rising in a sharp, concave
sweep to the tail; tail, large, full,
carried upright
Feeding Little Chickens.
One rhould not be In too great 8
hurry to feed the little chickens. A
day or two can go by after hatching
before feeding. When food is first
given it should be of a nature to be
easily digested without the aid of grit
Perhaps the best food for the early
feedings is stale bread, slightly mois
tened with milk. Fresh bread Is not
desirable. In a few days ground grair
can be added to tho feeding ration
such as corn meal, wheat bran anc
wheat middlings. Sour milk or sweet
milk are excellent to go with these
At first, feed often. As the young
chickens Increase In size, the numbei
of feedings can be diminished and the
quantity of food increased. Green food
should be provided early. If yoang
chickens are permitted to run In the
orchard and grass yards they wil fine
worms and Insects and peck away at
the grass blades, thus getting foi
themselves what they need of these
materials. If it is not possible to pro
vide feeding yards, as Indicated above
the grower should have small pens, It
which are seeds, rye, grasses, rape
or other forage crops, to furnish the
necessary succulence for greatesl
vigor and growth. Bulletin N. C. De
partment of Agriculture.
Development of Young Pigs.
Much of our success in bog raising
hpth as to economy of production anc
quality of product, depends on how we
care for the young pigs after weaning
says Prof. W. J. Fraser. The old say
ing that "feed' Is half the breed" if
true, if we include the methods ol
feeding. Feeding largely on food thai
tends to produce fat, without sufficient
exercise being given, will often change
a little Yorkshire into a thick, fat type
or may cause such a derangement ol
the digestive organs as to founder the
y ung pigs. This is a most serious
condition, and will render them profit
less. Indigestion may show itself bj
the pigs failing In flesh, loss of appe
tite, roughness of hair, scaliness ol
skin, teeth becoming black, etc. The
last condition is often thought to be
the cause, rather than the effect It
is, together with the others, but at
evidence of injudicious feeding. It
case some young pigs become so fat
that they die from what is known at
"thumps," in all cases proper food anc
exercise will prevent, and, In a meas
ure, remedy them. "Prevention is bet
ter than cure."
Corn Meal Mush.
From Farmers' Review: To make
good mush, the water should be boil
ing hard when the meal is stirred in
If it stops boiling, put in no more mea
until it boils hard again. Do not make
it too thick as it will stiffen up it
cooling. A handful of oatmeal or flout
will Improve the flavor. It makes
very healthful supper dish for childret
and elderly people. We eat too muck
rich food at supper time. If we woulc
eat more simple food we would live
longer have clearer brains, bettei
sleep, as undigested food often causes
sleeplessness. Mrs. AxtelL
One Way to Cook Eggs.
The farmers of India when fuel is
scarce, cook an egg without fire. The
egg is placed in a sling and whirled
around for about 5 minutes, until tne
heat generated by the motion has
cooked it
The "pea comb" is a triple comb
resembling three small combs in one,
the middle being the highest . .
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Sugar By-Praducts aa Horse Feed.
The beet chips, diffusion residue,
ind other by-products obtained la the
manufacture of beet sugar, consist of
the sugar beet from which a consid
erable portion of the carbohydrates
iias beea removed, says a bulletin of
the Department of Agriculture. The
total amount of nutritive material
present, however, is fairly large,
rhese products, properly speaking,
are also coarse fodders. Molasses,
which consists almost entirely of car
bohydrates . (sugars), was used as
?arly as 1830 as a feed for horses,, and
has recently attracted considerable
attention in this connection. When
used for this purpose it Is usually
sprinkled 'on dry feed, being first di
luted with water, or It is mixed with
some material which absorbs It and
renders it easy to handle, such as
peat dust or with some material rich
in nitrogen, as dried blood. la the
latter case the mixture more aearly
represents a concentrated feed than
the molasses alone, or molasses
mixed with an absorbent material
only. Cane-sugar molasses is also
used as a feeding stuff. It differs
from beet molssses la that It contains
glucose In addition to cane sugar, and
has a much smaller percentage of
salts.
In this connection the experiments
reporting the successful feeding of
cane molasses to over 400 work
horses at a. sugar plantatloa la the
Fiji Islands are of Interest As high
as 30 pounds of molasses wss fed per
head daily at different times, but the
ration finally adopted consisted of 15
pounds of molasses, 3 pounds of braa,
and 4 pounds of maize. In addition
green sugar cane tops were fed. The
health of the horses remained excel
lent. Molasses did not cause diarrhea,
but rather constipation, which was
counteracted by feeding bran. Feed
ing molasses effected a saving of over
$45 per head per annum. However,
it was believed that such a saving
was possible only by reason of large
quantities of waste molasses and
valueless cane tops available on the
spot. In discussing these experiments
the following statements were made:
For working horses the sugar in cane
molasses is a satisfactory substitute
for starchy food, being readily digest
ed .. . and 15 pounds can be
given to a 1,270-pound working horse
with advantage to the health of the
animal and to the efficiency of Its
work. It produces no undue fatten
ing, softness, nor Injury to the wind.
The high proportion of salts In It hss
no injurious effect An albuminoid
ratio as low as 1:11.8 has proved high
ly suitable for heavy continuous work
when a sufficient quantity of digest
ible matter is given.
Cement Floors and Rheumatism.
From the Farmers Review: We use
a cement floor for our station herd,
and I am acquainted with two of the
most up-to-date dairies in this part of
the country that also use cement
floors, and as far as I have been able
to see there has not been a case of
rheumatism in our own herd, and I
have heard no complaint from the pro
prietors of the other dairies.
It is true, I think, that cement will
sometimes cause sore feet, and for
this reason It is necessary that more
bedding be used than would be re
quired on a wood floor. On the other
band this bedding Is not wssted as It
goes Into the manure, and a wood floor
is bound to become saturated with
urine and give off more or less odor
during the hot weather. As far as
my knowledge goes I would prefer
the cement floor under every condition
that occurs to me at the present time.
C. F. Doane, Dairyman, Maryland
Experiment Station.
From the Farmers Review: I have
had very little experience with cowa
standing on cement floors and have
not seen any case of rheumatism re
sulting from it I am of the opinion,
however,' that cement floors without
plenty of bedding, might cause rheu
matism. Where bedding is at all
scarce, I believe it would be wise to
place planks on top of the cement.
H. E. Van Norman. Associate Profes
sor in Dairying, Purdue University,
Indiana.
The original name of the Dutch Belt
eu cattle wa3 "Lakenfleld," from
"Lakcn," a sheet to be wound around
the body of the animal.
A Handy Wagon Box.
From the Farmers Review: We are
using on our farm a form of wagon
box that is handy and substantial as
well. It takes the following material
to make it, all dressed and painted.
Two sills 2x6x12 feet. Four pieces
2x4x3 feet for cross sleepers. Thirty
six feet unmatched inch boards for
floor. Eight clips made from 7-16
Iron rod with threads cut and nuts
fitted. These clips 9 inches long and
used to fasten cross sleepers to under
side of sills. Eight socket clips pur
chased frcm hardware store or may
be made from wagon tire iron. These
clips are l&x3 inches on inside, and
are bolted to outside of sills to re
ceive the 2x3 standards on side
boards. Eight standards 2x3x18
inches. Two sideboards 1x12x12
feet Above standards are bolted to
these boards, and boards are cleatad
at each end to receive endgates,
which completes the bottom bed 18
inches high and 12 feet long and will
hold twenty-two bushels of ear corn.
By adding a ten-inch sideboard 35
bushels of corn can be hauled. It
will take a box of fifty carriage bolts
7s3 inches and three pounds of
8 penny nails to complete the box.
Material for same costs $7.00 dressed
ready to make up including hard
ware and extra sideboard, and $10.50
made up and painted. We call this
box the "knockdown box" because it
can be taken apart to remove from
the wagon and be stored away in the
dry handily when not in use. Geo.
W. Brown, Hancock County, Ohio.
Helping the Lord.
Quizzing old Uncle Jake was one
of the recognized amusements of the
resort. The views of the old negro
were so quaint and his good humor so
Jmperturable that he had established
himself as a general favorite. He was
asked one morning if he was married
and replied:
"No. suh; not now. I done bin mar
ried foh times, but all my wives don
daid. suh."
"That's too bad. Uncle Jake. Are
you thinking of marrying again?"
Yes, suh. To be sho, suh. De
Lawd giveth and de Lawd taketh !
away, and I'm helpin' him best I know
how."
If it wasn't for the weather lots of
people would have no excuse for talk-lag.
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Commercial and Natural Starters.
Prof. G. L. McKay: I am asked to
state which I like best, the commercial
or natural starter. For the average
maker. I believe the commercial start
er will give the better results. But
the intelligent maker who has taste
aad smell well cultivated, will-be able
to select milk aad prepare a starter
that will produce flavor equal or su
perior to aay culture oa the market.
When the good Lord created the earth.
He provided everything that was nec
essary to bring about the best results
without any artificial means. We
usually find that whea thorough clean
liaess Is observed la everything per
tateiag to the milk, that the right spe
cies of bacteria are present to give
the most perfect flavor to the batter
aad cheese. Milk becomes impure
from an external source. It I were
asked to give a definition of a natural
starter, at the present, I would find it
a difficult thing to describe. For In
stance, one man has a dirty, leaky vat
which is loaded with foul bacteria
ready to contaminate the purest
cream. Another man will have im
properly cleaned churns and pumps,
filled with undesirable bacteria, and
still another washes his butter with
impure water.
There Is the over-ripe hand separa
tor cream which some" makers have to'
contend with. These are all starters
of their kind. One man uses batter
milk and calls It a natural starter.
Another uses skimmilk caught from
the average milk as it comes from the
separators, and he calls it a skimmilk
or natural starter. Another will go
out and get the milk of a fresh cow
and allow it to sour, which Is also a
natural starter. Some will use whole
milk and some will use cream, and
they will come under the head of
natural starters. Most makers would
get about the same results If they did
not use any stirter as to use the kind
I have just mentioned.
Milking at Sunny Peak Farm.
D. W. Howie thus tells how tha
I milking is done on Sunny Peak farm.
near MiiwauKee:
The first thing we do is to wrap a
heavy blanket around the cans which
are to receive the milk. By so doing
the milk is enabled to retain its heat
for a very long time. This prevents
tha necessity of warming It again for
the separator sad calves. The next
procedure is milking. Each milker has
his own cows. The poorest milker, as
a general thing. Is given the easiest
cows to milk and the best milker gets
the hardest ones. This may not seem
fair, bat it saves time and also pre
vents the chance of spoiling the hard
milking cows that, though they may
be hard milkers, are nevertheless ex
cellent cows In every respect. I have
noticed that good milkers are "born
and not made." If a man has any con
siderable number of cows to milk for
six months aad at the end of that time
Is not a good milker you may rest as
sured that be never will be one. Each
man feeds his own cows their grain ra
tion as he milks them. The milk be
ing weighed by the milker, he. of'
course, is in the best position to know
which of his cows should have the
most feed. Some are fed just before
they are milked; this takes their at
tention away from the milker and they
give down freely, standing quietly at
the same time. Others, if fed while
being milked, become so engrossed
with their eating that they forget
everything and step forward and back,
now stretching tneir whole bodies to
get a good mouthful, now drawing
back to chew It, thus greatly annoying
the milker. Such cows are generally
fed after being milked. We arrange it
so that when the milking Is being done
the cows all have their grain either
in front of them or in their stomachs.
How About Your Well?
The following, taken from a docu
ment issued by the Michigan State
Board of Health, snouid receive the
thoughtful attention of every one:
"The most scrupulous care should
be taken to keep the present sources
of drinking water pure, and to pro
cure future supplies only from clean
sources. The general water supply of
cities and villages is a matter of
great concern; 'it should be procured
from places where there can be no
probability of immediate or remoto
contamination. The well-known out
break of typhoid fever at Plymouth,
Pa., where over a thousand cases and
one hundred and fourteen (114)
deaths occurred, is apparently an Il
lustration of how great a calamity
may follow the fouling of a general
water supply by the discharges of a
person sick with typhoid fever. When
there is no general water supply, nor
good sewers, much may bo done to
protect wells by the abolition of cess
pits and privy vaults, ly the use of
dry earth in privies, and by the fre
quent removal therefrom of all their
drain Into wells unsuspected by those
who use the water. Should typhoid
fever discharges pass into such a
privy an outbreak of typhoid fever
among those using the water from a
neighboring well would be likely to
occur. If such a well were the
source of the general water supply of
a city, typhoid fever might soon be
epidemic there. There Is
good reason to suspect the water of
a well whenever a vault 13 situated
within a hundred feet of it. particu
larly If the soil be porous. In nu
merous instances fluids from excre
ta have leached into wells from much
greater distances; and it has been
proved that a well thirty rods from a
cemetery received water which had
filtered through the soil of the ceme
tery. Dangerously contaminated
water may be and often is found to be
clear and colorless and to have no
bad taste." The noted instance at
Lausanne, Switzerland, where tho
discharges from typhoid fever pa
tients were thrown into a small
stream, which disappeared by sink
ing Into the earth and gravel and
reappeared about half a mile distant
as a mountain spring, the clear water
of which caused typhoid fever in one
hundred and forty-four (144) per
sons, is instructive, and Is worthy of
note as illustrating how the disease
may be spread.
The Dutch Belted cattle originated
in Holland prior to the seventeenth
century. From the outset they have
been chiefly if not entirely controlled
b the nobility of Holland.
That the tanners of Nebraska are
getting larger dividends than the steel
trust is proved by Prof. Davisson of
the state university in a pamphlet just
issued.
Buds are lateral when on the side
of a shoot; and terminal when on the
end.
':.
f.
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