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Matters in
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NEWSY STATE BRIEFS.
-.Daring the president's brief visit to
Hastings m gang of pickpockets suc
cessfully piled their vocation.
Mrs. C..J. Parker of Gage county
' was thrown frbm her buggy and sus
tained a fractured elbow and other
bruises about the body.
The golden wedding of Mr. and
Mrs. E. Harlon of York county was cel
ebrated at their farm home, six and
one-half miles northeast of York, on
. April 25.
Articles of incorporation have been
filed by Henry D. Deily and Hugo A.
Ieisy for the Wisner State bank. The
new bank is to begin business with a
capitalization of 25.000.
f ' Dr. Carlisle, assistant physician at
the asylum for chronic insane at Hast-
- 'lags, has handed in his resignation.
'At the request of Governor Mickey,
the resignation takes effect at once.
John Kaffenberger, a wealthy fann-
- er who resides near Plattsmouth, re-
''. ceived word front the Wise Memorial
hospital at Omaha to the effect that
his son had died from the effects of
an -operation for appendicitis.
At a meeting of the voters of the
Falrbniy school district the board of
education was requested to call a spe
cial election to decide the question of
voting $25,000 bonds for the erection
(ft new high school building. t
Schuyler Kellogg of Plattsmouth, a
young man about 28 years of age, met
with a serious accident while hunt
ing for wolves on the farm with a
48-caIIber rifle. The wound is serious,
. imt not expected to prove fatal.
A credit association is soon to be
organized in Plattsmouth. The object
of the organization will be to learn
the names of persons who are in the
habit of running accounts with the
merchants and neglecting to pay them.
1 By a decision of the state supreme
court Mrs. Anna Dent has been
awarded $5,000 damages for the death
of her husband. James R. Dent, who
was killed while employed as a line
man for the New Omaha Thomson
Houston Electric Light company.
The school district of the city of
Omaha is out just $10,225 because the
school board broke a contract with
John McDonald, architect, the supreme
court having affirmed the decision of
the lower court Commissioner Barnes
wrote the opinion and it was concur
red n by Commissioners Pound and
Oldham.
Ralph Farrell, who represents the
Beatrice Creamery company at Cal
laway, is confined to his bed, his feet
having been badlv burned by acid. He
was unpacking a jar of acid for test
iag cream when the jar broke and
the contents were spilled over his feet
and legs. The doctors think they can
save the feet.
The state board of hsalth appointed
Dr. S. R. Townc of Omaha state health
' officer, and reappointed Dr. B. F. Bai
ley of Lincoln as under , secretary.
' The former office was created by the
last legislature and carries with it a
salary of $1,800 a year. Dr. Towne
was elected to serve two years. Dr.
Bailey was appointed to serve four
- years.
A movement is on foot in West
Point to have the municipality pur
chase a block of land near the center
of the city and erect thereon sheds
and hitching posts for the accommoda
tion of the teams of farmers visiting
the city. The trade of the town is be
coming, so great that there is not
room in the business streets or alleys
for the teams of the patrons.
A party of 'surveyors, fourteen men,
has arrived in Yutan to take off the
new branch of the B. & M. to run from
, Ashland to Sioux City. A number of
officials from the B. & M. or the Un
ion Pacific -have come to examine the
work. Since there are two surveys,
one on each side of the Platte, to
connect Ashland with Fremont, there
is a great deal. of interest exhibited.
The latest step in the controversy
. between ex-Warden Davis and the
Lee Broom and Duster company con
cerning the furnishing of convicts to
work in the hitxfm factory of the for
mer came in the action of the su
' fcreme court, allowing the ex-warden
to- file a writ of mandamus to compel
the warden of the penitentiary to fur
nish him with the men called for in
his contract with the state board of
public lands and buildings. His op
position base their action on the fact
' that his contract lacks the signatures
of the governor and tbe warden of the
penitentiary.
The supervisors of Knox county
have let the contract for the construc
tion of a 450-foot bridge -across the
Niobrara river three miles up the riv
er from Niobrara at a cost of $5,500.
This makes three bridges from within
a distance of four miles from the
mouth of the river. '
William Graff of Seward was bound
o.-cr to the district court to answer
. the charge of having voted fraudu
lently in the recent republican caucus.
The specific charge is that he voted
. five times.
Peter Bonn, an old resident of York,
. left for Omaha last week. Mr. Bohn
believes he is a near relative to the
John Bohn who died at an Omaha ho--"
tel. leaving an estate worth something
like $50,000, and is said to have no
relatives known.
f " Mr. and Mrs. A. b! Canfleld of Har
vard celebrated their golden wedding
. at the home of their daughter, Mrs.
- C.. F. Glazier. A number of their chll-
-, dren and families were present and
also quite a number of neighbors and
friends.
Church "Allotment."
A novel method for the provision
or a eaarca is being pat in operation
at Norwood Green, near Leeds. Eng
land. A plan of the proposed site has
feeea divided - into allotments, and
these are offered for sale, those in
the chancel atl each, those in, the
save at 10s. each, and those outside
the dwrck at 5s. each. When the
eM secared purchasers will be
aMe J Meatify the particular plot
they have chosen. If all are sold, the
wmm will he Jast .saflcfeat to cover
the cost of the site 201 5c
Nebraska.
ASSESSORS SEND IN FIGURES.
The Value that Will Be Placed on
Property Over the State.
Auditor Weston is receiving from
the various assessors the value that
will be placed oil property over the
state for assessment purposes in an
swer to his request sent out some
time ago. In some counties at least
tbe assessment this year will be ex
tremely low, much more so than last
year. Cass and Cedar counties will
assess land at one-fifth of its s value.
This will range from $10 to $20 per
acre. Cherry, Knox and Dakota will
assess at one-third of the value of
land, being the highest rate of as
sessment yet sent, in. In Knox coun
ty horsees are valued at from $3 to
$9 and cattle at one-third of their
cash value. Douglas will assess on
a sixth of the valuation. Hall county
on from one-eighth to one-twelfth on
all property, and lncaster on one
fifth of the valuation. In Holt coun
ty hogs will be assessed 30 cents per
hundred weight and sheep at 30 cents
each. In Buffalo county land owners
will pay taxes on land valued at from
$1.25 to $6 an acre. Gage county,
where land is worth from $70 to $100
an acre, will be assessed at $5 to
$5.70 an acre. Cuming county land,
which usually sells at $45 to $100 an
acre, is valued for assessment pur
poses at $5 an acre. Horses in the
same county at $6, cattle at $4 and
sheep at 50 cents cacn.
LEAD AND COPPER.
A Find Along toe Banks of the Nio
brara River.
LYNCH. Neb E. L. Bowdish, an
expert from the Cripple Creek mining
district, has been here several days
investigating the find along the breaks
of the Niobrara river, where lead and
copper ore have been found.
A strike of black galena was found,
and in following this back about fif
teen feet some very fine specimens of
the ore were taken out.
In a test it was found that the ore
contained 56 per cent lead and 33 per
cent copper, and Bowdish believes
that there is an abundance of it It
will run $80 to the ton.
An effort is now being made to or
ganize a company here to open up
the mines, but if this cannot be done
within the next ten days the stock
will be floated in some mining dis
trict. Young Farmer is Suicide.
BROKEN BOW August Roessler.
a young man of about thirty years,
committed suicide by shooting him
self. He was living with his parents
near Berwyn, on a farm. He had a
farm of his own., stock and was well-to-do.
His father had only a few
minutes before called him up to break
fast, when he responded promptly
and said he would be out in a few min
utes. He partially dressed himself,
took a shotgun that was in hifc room
and blew his brains out. Ill health
is assigned as the only possible rea
son. Fremont Boy Killed.
FREMONT A telegram received
here says Ira Ainsworth, jr., formerly
of this place, had lieen killed at Sin
sor, Colo. No further particulars
were given. Young Ainsworth was
about 24 years of age and bad lived
here during the greater part of his
life. About two years ago he went
up in the Black Hills. He was a
member of Fremont lodge, Ancient
Order of United Workmen, and was
unmarried. .
Labor Bureau Plans.
The department of labor and indus
trial statistics has outlined its plan
of action for 'the coming biennium.
Commissioner Bush is very much in
terested in the enforcement of the
fire escape law and intends to de
vote a great part of his time to that
subject, because he believes that a
large per cent of the people, and es
pecially the traveling public, demand
some protection in this regard. He
will also enforce child labor laws. .
Seeks Enlarged Schools.
TECUMSEH The new school board
for the Tecumseh district will be or
ganized during the first week in May.
The matter of holding a special elec
tion to vote bonds for more school
rooms will then be taken up. The
schools are terribly crowded at pres
ent. The women can vote at the
school election provided they have
property assessed in tlieir own name
or children of school age.
Buys Carload of Honey Bees.
HUMBOLDT Roy A. Wilson, rep
resenting the Watson ranch of 10,
000 acres near Koarnej', was in the
city and contracted with Dr. J. L.
Gandy for the delivery of a carload
of honey bees at the ranch, where
some experiments will be made with
alfalfa as a honey producing plant.
The ranch contains a 3,000-acre field
cf alfalfa, and the doctor maintains
that the blossoms of this forage, plant
rank high as a honey producer.
Child Dies from Rattler's Bite.
GRANT, Neb. William .Christie's
little girl died here from the bite of
a rattlesnake. Although the ranch is
nearly eight miles west, two physi
cians were in attendance, but could
not savo her.
Woman Killed by Train. a
SUPERIOR The northbound pas
senger train on the Santa Fe, near
Talmage. Kan., struck a buggy and
killed the woman who was driving.
A Wise M. D.
"Doctor," said the village gossip,
"I'm troubled with that, tired feeling.
What would you advise me to do?"
"You might try five drops of chloro
form on your tongue every half hour,"
replied the local pillmaker, as he
winked his other eye.
Broke the Record of Ages.
Mr. F. Lat Just performed the
greatest feat of the age.
Mr. S. U. Burban What's that!
Mr. F. Lat Dropped my collar bat
ton. and saw where it fell. .
PCHJLTEB
Seme Experience with Ducks.
From the Farmers' Review: Some
years since I saw an ad in an ex
change journal which read like this:
"Would like to swap some first class
Pekin ducks for B.-P. R. cockerels,"
signed Mrs. . Well 'I had
more cockerels than I needed, so
wrote her about the ducks. You know
' I wanted a pedigree of her stock. In
the course of a month full particulars
came to hand. Well, we made a dick
er, and I guess it was satisfactory,
at least we will say so. We got two
ducks and one drake. They were big
ones to be sure, but about a month
after I went out to feed them and one
refused to eat feed. I did not think
of anything very serious so as time
went on duck No.l got better and
the second one was attacked with the
same affliction. As I ' was not
acquainted with the diseases of that
particular kind of Awl did not do
anything for it and or course it diea.
I think the duck had kidney trouble,'
because it seemed to have a weak
spine. The remaining one laid about
50 eggs, and as I do not have an
incubator, I set the eggs under hens.
After the little fellows were ready to
be taken from the nest I put them
under a coop with the hen mother
drakes and kept 10 ducks for the next
year's breeders, in the meantime pur
chasing two good drakes. And I
figured like this, "if one duck and one
drake will produce 24 ducks, 10 ducks
and two drakes will produce ten times
as many which is 240." They began
laying about March 15 and in about
a month we began to pick the ducks
at regular intervals. This put a stop
to the laying business. I set 150 eggs,
and for the first week or so fed them
"Johnnie Cake" and milk (rather dry,
not sloppy) with fresh water to drink.
After the first week I fed them on j
corn meal wet with water. Oh, I for-
but. iu ea; iuai i leuceu iucui iu au
they could get only so far from the
coop. When fall came I had raised
24 ducks to maturity, sold off all the
Some hatched out all right and some
of the hens got tired of sitting and
"flew the coop." The eggs became
chilled; result, duck died in shell.
To make a long story short, I
hatched out 75 and, as, we were all
engaged In building a barn, the poul
try business was neglected. In spite
of bad weather, turtles, hawks, owls,
rats, etc., we had one left when fall
came and this one took sick and died.
But nevertheless I am still in the
Pekin duck business and believe it
is as profitable as any kind of busi
ness where feathers are found. My
motto is "Never give up." Perry S.
Hall, Summit County, Ohio.
It Depends on the Person.
C. S. Greene: Only in recent years
has poultry keeping taken its place
among recognized industries, as the
bulk of the world's enormous supply
of poultry and eggs has hitherto come
from numerous small producers. The
number of people who make a living
out of the business are comparatively
few compared with the small producer,
but they are increasing rapidly, and
to one who is naturally adapted to
the business it is the. most pleasant
and profitable employment upon which
he can enter. It is true that many
have failed when they tried to keep
poultry in large numbers. So they
have in other pursuits. If a merchant,
through his lack of ability, or because
he is is a bad location, is obliged to
close his store and hand the keys over
to the sheriff, it is not saying that
there is no money in the mercantile
business. So it is with poultry. It all
depends on the man, and his ability
to make money. The poultry business
is not one for children or invalids, but
men and women are both making a
success of it, and find it a pleasant and
profitable vocation. To make the
business a success a person must be
an expert in tbe management of fowls.
While it is true that many have
started before they became experts
and made a success of it, they have
been willing .to begin in a small way
and grow in the business as their
knowledge of the business Increased.
Percolation of Scil Water.
We have all along believed that per
colation of water was most rapid
through sandy soil Until recently a
test bad not been made to determine
this definitely. It is, therefore, with
a good deal of interest and surprise
that we read of the results of the per
colation tests carried on in California.
Sandy soil, loam and adobe soils were
placed in tubes, and the water al
lowed to percolate through from one
end of each tube to the other. The
experimenters confidently expected
to see the water in the tubs contain
ing sandy soil complete its journey
through the soil much more quickly
than either of the others. Imagine
the surprise of the experimenters
when the percolation through the
sandy soil was slowest of all. It re
quired 62 hours longer for the moist
ure to permeate this tube (40 inches)
than it did the adobe. The only ex
planation is that capillarity acted less
in the sandy soil because of the small
er amount of what might be called
capillary surface. The finer the soil
the greater the amount-of space in it
that can carry moisture and the great
er the expanse of the water film that
covers the minute particles.
This points to the greater value of
loam soil for agricultural purposes,
especially where the land is to be ir
rigated and lateral percolation is de
sired. One of the great drawbacks in
the use of sub-irrigation systems has
been the slowness with which the wa
ter moved laterally. This test in Cali
fornia would seem to indicate that
sub-irrigation would prove quite
feasible on loam soils.
The Leaf Crumpler.
This insect infests apple, plum,
cherry, peach and quince. It attacks
the leaves and terminal buds, pad
when these fail, it eats away the ten
der bark and growing twigs. It reach
es its growth from the middle to the
last of May. when it is half an inch
long and entirely green. In June It
changes into a grayish moth. Egc
laying begins, at once and in about
a week the little brown caterpillars
begin to appear and to feed upon
the younger leaves. They begin to
make tubes for themselves out of
crumpled leaves and debris, and In
the fall these are found hanging to
the,trees. A cheap and effective rem
edy is the spraying of the trees in
the early spring just as the young
leaves appear, and before the blos
soms open. Experiment bar shown
that a single spray of Paris green
and lime (one pound of each to 150
gallons of water) applied at this sea
son may destroy practically all leaf
c--hmlers In Mate to prevent notice
able damage by them. In the fall and
winter, the crumpled leaves should be
picked from the bare trees. '
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Spring Forage Crepe.
From Farmers' Review: The eco
nomical growth of swine demands the
use of some forage crop to supplement
the clover or blue grass pasture.- Such
a variety should be ased that will
come in very early in the spring be
fore the common grasses, and one
that will extend farther into the late
fall and winter. For the early spring
and late fall forage, the Dwarf Essex
rape seems to be especially suited.
It also answers fairly well for sum
mer feeding. Cow peas have also
been proven to furnish most excel
lent food for swine during the sum
mer months. Rape requires a warm,
moist soil, rich in humus, and con
taining an abundance of plant food.
Old ' pasture lands, thoroughly per
meated with vegetation roots are con
sidered exceptionally good soil for
rape. However, rape may be grown
to good advantage 'on any rich soil
when broken rather deep and then
made fine, firm and free from weeds
or grass.
'Rape may be sown broadcast or
drilled in rows that permit the culti
vator to be used later in the season.'
The latter plan requires less seed
and, as a rule, produces a great deal
more forage. For small,' rich lots It
is a great deal more convenient to
sow broadcast and harrow the seed
in. The amount of seed sown varies
from five to seven pounds. More
seed bhould be used as conditions are
more unfavorable. .If sown In rows
from 18 to 24 inches apart, two to four
pounds of seed per acre Is required,
planted about one inch deep; then
cultivated while the plants are small,
and immediately after they have been
pastured or cut off. When broadcast
ed the seed should be well covered .by
cross harrowing. When rape is pas
tured do. not turn on until the plant
is 6 to 8 inches high. By means 'of
hurdles confine the stock to definite
portions of the field; then after all
leaves have been eaten hurdle them
In new quarters, continuing this
process until the entire area has been
gone over. If cut and thrown to stock
as a soiling crop do not clip the stem
too close to the ground, but about 4
inches high. Then,, as in pasturing,
go over the entire field cutting all the
plants. The part first cnt will now
be ready to afford a second crop. If
used for soiling purposes the . rape
should be planted very near the ani-,
mals to be fed, as It is heavy and
troublesome to carry very far. A
great deal more forage is obtained
where the plants are in rows and so'
harvested as to permit of shallow cul
tivation every time after plants have
been cut down. Dwarf Essex rape is'
especially helpful to the swine and
sheep growers. Hogs will eat it from
the start and no amount seems to
hurt them. Sheep should be turned
on to fresh rape gradually, and when
it is free from rain or dew; and'
should remain but a-short time. -Continue
this method until they become
accustomed to it Good grass in the'
same field with rape is most excellent
for sheep. If a large field of rape is
sown and the stock turned into it a
great deal of the forage is trampled'
under foot and many parts of the
field will not be eaten down at all,
which permits the plants to become
old and tough. To get the best from
rape let fast growing and fast eating
be the motto. W. B. Anderson.
A Philippine Experiment Station.
The United States government is
establishing an experiment station in'
the Philippine islands. Already a'
parr of the staff has reached the field,:
and a botanist, an agrostologist, anj
expert in soils, a superintendent oil
the farm and helpers are there at'
work. The experiment farms estab-!
lished by the Spanish government;
were visited. It was found that many,
of tbe buildings had been destroyed
or been allowed to go to pieces, while1
the tools and farm machinery had
been stolen or rendered useless
through neglect. Already a number of
farms have been established, one of
which has 9,000 cocoanut trees on
it. American machinery has been in
troduced, and natives arc being
taught to use it. About 700 Intelligent
native farmers have been given an'
aggregate of 18,000 packages of seeds
and set to experimenting. Though
naturally a fruit producing region,
fruit growing has been entirely neg
lected in the past, the people being
willing to take what nature gave. Tbe
experimenters will accomplish great
things along this line. Field tillage
and stock raising are to be stimulat
ed, in spite of the rinder pest, which
has been working havoc among the
draft animals. Of the 70 million acres
of land in the island, 65 million are
owned by the government, which
shows how little attention agriculture
has so far received. Under wise direc
tion, tbe Philippine archipelago will
become a great agricultural common
wealth. The Nubian Goat.
The Nubian goat in larger by half
than the common species, 'and many
who are unfamiliar with it take it at
first glance for a horse, says George
F. Thompson, in his book on "An
gora Goat Raising." Below the top
of the head the forehead rises so as
to form a conical prominence, then
sinks toward the nose until the nos
trils are in an actual depression. The
lower jaw protrudes beyond the up
per, and the teeth oftentimes ex
tend above the nostrils. The ears are
fiat, long, large and pendant Some
times, however, an individual is found
with ears short, straight and pointed.
There is an entire absence of beard.
The females have no horns." Those
of the male are flat and short and lie
upon the back of the head. Midway,
the horns are curved from 'within to
without
The udder is deeply indented, so as
to form two very distinct lobe. The
teats are situated, as in all species,
npon the lower part of- the udder, but
in this breed upon the outside and be
low. The eyes are very large and lie
fiat in the head do not protrude. The
hair-is usually quite long, deep brown
or black; and quite fine. There is no
odor connected with this breed. It is
an exceedingly prolific animal, having
been known to give birth to as many
as 11 kids in one year. No member of
the goat family, is more gentle. This
breed is very -sensitive to' tbe cold,
apparently being unable to withstand
even a 'slight degree. This necessi
tates a warm barn or, goat house.
They should never be sent to pasture
when - there is frost We are in
formed that tho slightest cold pro-'
duces abortion. They are good milk !
producers, yielding from four to six
quarts per day. ,.
Agriculture is the f otndatlom of dv-ilizatloa.
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Preparing a Starter.
Oscar Erf, in "an address before la
diaaa dairymen, said:
The. preparation of a starter is aa
follows: Select three or four plat
Jars of the host milk that comes to
the creamery, or, where opportunity
affords, select the milk from several
good cows; cover these jars and set
them away in a warm place until the
milk has coagulated. From these
select the one that has developed the
best sharp, acid taste,' free from dis
agreeable odors and gas bubbles, and
that shows a solid curd. A can of
skim milk should then be heated to a
temperature not exceeding 175 deg.
F. for twenty minutes and cooled to
75 or 80 deg. F. The selected jar of
milk is then" added, and, after thor
oughly mixing, the can is set in a
place where the temperature can be
kept at 75 or 80 deg. F. for twenty-four
hours. A woodeu tank, large enough
to hold seven or eight times the
amount of water occupied by the
starter can, answers the purpose well
for keeping this starter at a uniform
temperature for a long time. The en
tire amount of the starter should be
soured at -the end of this period and
apparently of the same flavor as that
of the original selected jar. The
starter is now ready for use, and an
amount equal to 7 or 8 per cent of
the cream to be ripened is added. By
adding one or two quarts dally to
fresh pasteurized milk it can be per
petuated to the extent of eight to ten
days, depending on the cleanliness and
the care taken in pasteurizing the
skim milk.
This method of preparing a starter
invariably brings good results. Quite
often,, however, simpler methods are
proposed for preparing starters, such
as leaving some cream in the vat and
running the fresh cream with it or
by adding buttermilk to the cream;
but these cannot be recommended, for
they too often fail in producing the
desired flavor.
Safe Prices for Butter.
We do not believe it to the advan
tage of farmers to have butter too
high in price, justas we do not be
lieve it to be to the advantage of the
stock raiser to have meajts too high
in price. When butter is beyond 25
cents in the summer time it is at a
point where the substitutes of butter
are certain to be used to a consider
able extent. This is not a condition
to be hoped for. The nation is of
more importance than the individual,
and while the butter maker wants to
get as much as possible for his prod
uct he also has an interest in having
good wholesome butter within the
reach of all. When butter is selling
beyond 20 cents it is at a point where
the farmer can make money if he
has the right kind of cows. It is pos
sible to, keep such poor cows that
every pound of butter would cost 50
cents, ,but we cannot reasonably- be
expected to figure on such cows. We
take the reasonably good cow of the
intelligent farmer, and assert that
with her there is a profit in selling
butter at 20 cents a pound. In the
months when the cows have to be
kept up there is profit in selling but
ter at from 25 to 30 cents per pound.
Butter in the West should never retail
at more than 30 cents per pound, and
will not when we have disposed of all
the poor cows and filled their places
with good ones. The consumer of but
ter may think that he does not care
what kind of cows the farmer has,
but it he but knew it he has a very
material Interest in the question.
Butter is high because of the great
cost of producing butter fat due to
poor quality in the cows.
Pig Pasture.
Provide a shallow trough with oat
meal, soaked corn and a little milk,
'as soon as the pigs are inclined to
run around the pen, said H. P. West,
in an address to Wisconsin farmers.
Put it where the pigs can have access
to it and the sow cannot. Get the sow
and pigs in clover pasture as soon as
yon can. Do not wean the pigs. If
they are properly fed they will wean
themselves at eight or ten weeks old.
mini all the grass and green feed you
can into pork. It is cheap feed. It
does not rob the farm of anything;
you are selling your grass at a good
price and it benefits the health of the
hog. Swine breeders who have no
clover or fall rye pasture to turn their
pigs into this spring are studying the
problem of some early pasture; some-'
thing that will afford green feed
earlier than usual. I think nothing
can be grown quicker and turned into
sooner for green feed than barley. It
should not be sown until danger of
frost is over. It does not stand as
much tramping by stock as rye. I con
sider rye, rape, peas and oats, sown
by themselves in strips through the
field, the ideal pig pasture, if you don't
have clover. I try to have my lots so
arranged that they contain from one
to three acres each.
Skim Milk as Pig Feed.
' Gordon H. True of the Arizona sta
tion, in a bulletin to Arizona swine
growers, said: A year ago at the ex
periment station farm we were feed
ing steers, four of which were fed
grain hay and two of them had-a small
ration of rolled barley. We were sell
ing our milk to a neighbor for less
than the cost of hauling the milk to
the factory because no money was
available for the purchase of animals
to which to feed it So arrangements
were made with a neighbor for a cou
ple of pigs to feed "on shares." The
pigs veighed 81 pounds each when
they came to the farm. They followed
the steers and were fed skim milk.
In 113 days they ate 6,000 pounds of
skim milk, gained '248 pounds in
weight and increased $16.12 in value
with pork at 6.5 cents a pound. They
thus paid for their skim milk at the
rate of 26.7 cents per hundred. This
is bow your station got its start in the
pig business.' Skim milk did It
Honor Revolutionary Patriot
There has just been placed in the
synagogue of tbe Spanish and Portu
guese congregation. Seventieth street.
New York, a bronze tablet in memory
of the Rev. Gershom Mendez Seixas,
its minister from 1766 until 1816. Dur
ing the revolutionary war Mr. Seixus
took most of his congregation to Phil
adelphia until after the evacuation.
If clover is left uncut, as many do.
until the bloom turns brown, the stem
becomes woody, much of the finer and
most valuable parts are lost In the
curing and handling:, and, should It be
caught out in heavy rains, it is really
of comparatively little value. When
cut In the early stages of bloom, rata
does but little harm. If tended soon
after a shower and put up before It
gets too dry.
Proper rotatioa and handling of
tolls will prevent their deterioratioa.
LIVE SHOCK
ct
American Royal Live Stock Shew.
From the Farmers Review: Tho
American Royal Live Stock Show to
be held at Kansas City, Ma. next Oc
tober will be much more comprehen
sive than any live stock show ever
before held la that city. At a meeting
of the executive committee April 2, it
was decided to admit the sheep breed
ers aad breeders of draft and coach
horses to the show. This will insure
a larger variety of purebred animals
than was ever shown herebef ore. There
will be Hereford, Shorthorn, Galloway
and Angus cattle, at leastfourbreedsof
swine, four or five breeds of sheep.
Angora goats, and several breeds of
arau and coach horses. The show will
be held at the stock yards October
19-24 inclusive. Prizes ' aggregating
$25,000 will be offered, and it is ex
pected that a number of special prizes
will be added. At the meeting
it was decided that the sale of Gallo
ways would be held on Tuesday, Aberdeen-Angus
on Wednesday, Herefords
on Thursday and Shorthorns on Fri
day. It was also decided to offer the
prizes donated by the Kansas City
Stock Yards Company, aggregating $2.
000, for exhibits of grade feeders, to
be divided equally among the four
breeds. Range-bred feeders will not
compete with corn-red animals. It
was recommended that the 98th meri
dian be adopted by the several breeds
as the dividing line between the range
bred cattle and the native corn-fed cat
tle. The directors of the show were
unanimous in inviting the swine breed
ers to participate in the show. Swine
associations that wish to enter the
show must signify their intention to
do so by July 1. It is practically set
tled that the Berkshire, Poland-China.
Duroc-Jersey and Ohio Chester White
associations will participate. Breeders
of coach and draft horses have signi
fied their desire to enter the show, and
have given assurances that they will
make a large exhibit One firm of
breeders and importers of draft horses
has expressed its intention of entering
30 animals. Those who attended the
meeting of April 2 were: C. E. Leon
ard, Bellair, Mo., president; T. J.
Wornall. Liberty. Ma, secretory and
treasurer; Charles R. Thomas, Chi
cago, general manager; B. O. Cowan,
Springfield, HI; W. C. McGavock, ML
Pulaski, 111.; and George Stevenson,
Jr., Waterville, Kan., member of exec
utive committee; Eugene Rust, gen
eral manager, and W. H. Weeks, gen
eral agent of the Kansas City Stock
Yards Company; W. T. Mclntlre, sec
retary of the American Angora Goat
Breeders' Association; and John M.
Hazelton, in charge of the publicity
department of the show. Jno. M.
Hazelton.
Hog Houses.
Prof. R. S. Shaw of the Montana Ex
periment Station has this to say on
hog houses:
Various Improvised and inexpensive
shelters are being used in this state,
from the dugout in the hillside to the
pole shelter covered with straw and
tbe building made of logs. While any
of these may provide shelter during
tho milder portion of the year, their
use can In no wise prove satisfactory
throughout They are too apt to be
dark, damp, filthy and drafty. The
pole structure with a straw covering
may be used as a temporary shelter or
for sleeping quarters of for feeding
hogs during the milder season, but for
breeding quarters their use cannot
be recommended. The log building is
in most common use. Its greatest
fault is its inability to retain the
chinking. As a result the structure
soon becomes open and drafty. A
properly planned and well constructed
frame building gives the best results.
Its use is almost absolutely necessary
where winter breeding is practiced.
The building site should be high and
dry, so that surface water will drain
away at all times: If possible the lo
cation should be in close proximity to
the small fields that are to produce the
forage crop. If a natural water sup
ply can be diverted so as to pass
through the yards so much the better.
It Is desirable that the hog house
should face the south, and that each
pen should open into a small enclosure
fenced off, preferably with wire net
ting. By this means when a number of
sows are confined with young pigs dur
ing the winter season they can have
access to protected, sunny yards.
Cement Floors in Cow Stables.
At a recent convention in Wiscon
sin, Professor W. L. Carlyle of the
State University expressed himself in
favor of wooden floors in standing
places for the cows. He said that at
the university barns he had covered
the cement floors with boards, as the
cows had been afflicted with rheuma
tism when standing and lying on the
cement After the cement was cov
ered with boards the rheumatism dis
appeared. The board flooring is
joined in sections, which can be eas
ily taken up when the barn Is cleaned.
We invite discussion of this matter
in the columns of the Farmers' Re
view. It is really an important ques
tion. Tbe nse of the cement has
made it possible to keep cow sta
bles in a better condition as to clean
liness than ever before. Now if we
have to give up the cement for stand
ing places for the cows, it will be a
step backward in dairy matters.
Wooden floors absorb moisture, in
cluding urine. In. a short time they
are permeated with the stable odors.
They cannot be as thoroughly cleaned
as can cement With the latter a
daily drenching with water may be
given. The daily removal of board
floors for cleaning purposes is im
practicable except at an experiment
station, where labor does not have to
be conserved to make tbe right kind
of a balance on the books. We re
quest the experiences of all those that
have had cement floors in their
stables where the cows stand.
Sheep Shearing Festival.
On Friday, April 17, 1903, thero will
be held at the Ohio State University
at Col-mbus, in connection with the
Department of Agriculture, a sheep
shearing festival. The purpose of this
is purely educational. Sheep shearing
machines will be exhibited and used,
and there will be both expert and
amateur exhibitions of shearing by
machine and with hand shears. A
quantity of sheep have been provided
for this purpose, and every effort will
be made to make the day one of profit
and pleasure to those who may be able
to be present. A fund of money has
been provided for the prize competi
tions, so that there will be special in
ceatives to take part in the contests
It is hoped that there will be a livelj
participation in these contests. Those
wishiag to take part will do a favoi
by so informing C. S. .Plumb. Ohic
State University. Columbus, that the
may-be enrolled for the competition.
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Let's Pretend.
Let's pretend that you and I
Have no real cause to cry
At the stones that bruise us so
In the pathway wc arc treadinc
Tired, tired feet are treading
We are dancing as we r.
Like we used to long ago.
Let's pretend.
But can you and I rejoice
With the echo of that voice.
With its mournful rise and fall.
Calling, calling, calling, calling?
Hope is dead can it be calling?
Tis no voice we I.ear at all.
Tis a lonely bittern's dm.
Let's pretend.
Does it matter, when "lis done.
If the race be lost or won?
We have gained something, say L
If we've just been trying
Though our heart burst trying
1 can look you in tho eye!
It will come right by and by.
Lei's pretend.
Confederates Long-Lived.
A statement in one of the newspa
pers that J. L. M. Curry, who has just
died, and Judge Reagan of Texas, who
is still alive, were the last survivors
of the men who sat in the Confederate
congress has called out from the Nor
folk Ledger the correction that John
Goode of Virginia is still alive. The
Montgomery, Ala. Advertiser makes
another addition to the list Henry C.
Jones, John P. Ralls and James L.
Pugh, all of the Advertiser's own state.
The Nashville American cites two oth
er persons as Confederate congress
survivors Dr. Thomas O. Menees and
Col. A. S. Colyar, both of Tennessee,
the Colonel, who is writing a biography
of Jackson and who is a frequent con
tributor to the Nashville and Memphis
newspapers, being the liveliest sort of
a live person.
These Southern newspapers are for
getting the biggest of all the living
men who served in the congress of
the Confederacy George G. Vest of
Missouri. True, the Senator's state
did not secede. In fact, it decided, by
a majority of 80,000. against seces
sion. But Missouri had some very ar
dent secessionists in high places in its
government. Among these were Gov.
Claiborne F. Jackson and Lieut.-Gov.
Thomas C. Reynolds. Jackson called
a rump legislature in session in
Neosho, in the southwestern part of
the state, where it could be protected
by Price's army, in the latter part of
1861, and that body made a pretense
of taking Missouri out of the Union.
John B. Clark and R. L. Y. Peyton
were elected Senators from Missouri
to the. Congress at Richmond and a
full quota of persons were sent to the
House of Representatives in the same
city, among them being George G.
Vest, who was a member of the Mis
souri legislature at that time, and en
thusiastically in favor of secession.
All this goes to show that the mem
bers of the Confederate government
were a pretty long-lived race of men.
Every man who sat at Lincoln's coun
cil, table has been dead for years past,
but John H. Reagan, Jefferson Davis's
Postmaster General, who is getting
along toward the 90-year mark, is one
of the briskest of Texans. Several
men are or were in the United States
Congress who were there during parts
of the Civil war days, among them be
ing Grow of Pennsylvania, who
stepped down from Congress on March
4 last, and Allison of Iowa and Stewart
of Nevada.
It will probably be found that, in
proportion to the numbers in the two
bodies, there are to-day more survi
vors of Davis's than of Lincoln's Con
gress. Longstreet. Gordon and other
commanders of high rank on the
Southern side are still alive, while
Mosby, in his recent fights against the
cattle oandits of the plains, has been
showing a little nf the activity which
he displayed forty years ago in the
Shenandoah Valley. St. Louis Globe
Democrat The Matron's Speech.
In the "Memories of a Hospital Ma
tron" a writer who was head of a Con
federate hospital during the war, re
lates this exciting incident:
"Our steward, a meek little man,
came to me one day, pale with fright,
and said that the convalescents had
stormed the bakery, taken out the
half-cooked bread and scattered it
about the yard, beaten the baker and
threatened to hang the steward. I
hurried to the scene to threw myself
into the breach before the surgeon
should arrive with the guard and ar
rest the offenders. I found the new
bakery leveled to the ground and 200
excited men clamoring for the bread
which, they declared, the steward
withheld from them from meanness or
stole for his own benefit.
"'And what do you say of the ma
tron? I asked, rushing among them.
Do you think that she. through whose
hands the bread must pas, is a party
to the theft? Do you accuse me, who
have nursed you through months of
illness, making you chicken soup when
we had not seen a chicken for a year,
forcing an old breastbone to do duty
for months for those unreasonable fel
lows who wanted to see the chicken;
me, who gave you a greater variety in
peas than was ever known before and
who lately stewed your rats when tho
cook refused to touch them? And this
is your gratitude! You tear down my
bakehouse, heat my baker and want to
hang my steward!'
"To my surprise the angry men
laughed and cheered. A few days
later there came to me a 'committee
of two sheepish-looking fellows to ask
my acceptance of a ring. Each of the
poor men had subscribed something
from his pittance, and their old enemy,
the steward, bad been sent to town
to make the purchase. Accompanying
the ring was a bit of dirty paper on
which was written: 'For our chief
matron, in honor of her brave con
duct on the day of tho bread riot' "
Atlantic Monthly.
"Old Glory.
Many persons think, perhaps, that
the term, "Old Glory." as applied to
our national flag, "just grew," like
Topsy, but there is on record an au
thentic account of the fact that it was
christened so in the year 1831.
In the history of the Driver family
of Salem, Mass.. it is related that
Capt. William Driver of the ship
Charles Doggett was at one time pre
paring for a voyage to the south Pa
cific ocean, when some of his fellow
townsmen came on hoard the vessel
and presented him with a very hand
somely made flag.
The flag was done up in "stops."
and when it was hauled to the mast
head and broken out to the breeze
Capt Driver called it "Old Glory." It
is possible that he had heard someone
else use the term, but if so, he seems
to have given no intimation of the
fact, for the story credits him with in
venting it.
Capt Driver took th-5 flag to the
south Pacific with him and kept it
with great care even after he left the
sea. At the time of the outbreak of
tho civil war he was living in Nash
ville, Tenn.. aad "Old Glory," the
original, used to kiss the breeze from
a window of his house every day, for
he was a stanch Union man.
When Tennessee joined the confed
eracy, however, he had to keep the
flag hidden, and the place he selected
was inside a big bed comfort, where
it lay until the latter part of Febru
ary. 1362." when the Union troops en
tered Nashville. He then brought it
out and offered it to Gen. Nelson, to
be hauled up over the capitoL Tho
general accepted the offer and Capt
Driver himself hoisted the flag. So
highly did he value it. that he watched
it during the night, and when a strong
wind came up he hauled it down and
hoisted a new one in its place.
The captain treasured "Old Glory"
religiously, aad when he died, in 1886.
it was sent to the Essex institute at
Salem, Mass., where it may now bo
seen.
Square Meal in the Confederacy.
"When I got into the town of Spar
tanburg. S. C. in the closing days of
the Confederacy. I realized that our
cause was lost, and my Idea was to
get out of the country, cross the Rio
Grande, and join the Liberal faction
la Mexico," said Col. Philip B. Thomp
son, the noted Kentuckian.
"I was feeling very hungry when
I struck the town in the early morn
ing hours, and made up my mind that
I'd ask the lady of the first house I
struck that bad any appearance of
prosperity to give me a bito of break
fast. I picked upon an aristocratic
brick mansion, and. putting on a bold
front, marched up to the front door.
In answer to my knock a well-dressed
negro butler came and civilly asked
my business. I told him I wanted a
word with bis mistress, and pretty
soon a very handsome lady, elegantly
attired, came and listened patiently
while I told her that only the pangs
of hunger drove me to ask a break
fast. "I will willingly ask you to eat.'
said she. 'if you can put up with our
poor fare. We had scarcely anything
ourselves, and I am ashamed to invite
you to the table, but if you are so
hungry perhaps yon can put up with
what we have.' I -followed her most
willingly, and was ushered into a
spacious dining-room. The table was
spread with a snowy linen cloth : there
was plenty of silverware, the real
thing, and more cut glass than I had
ever seen.
But what do you suppose the meal
consisted of? A single item a plate
of corn bread. Not a blessed thing
besides this bread; no meat, no coffee,
no milk not the suspicion of another
dish. Hungry as I was, I ate a good
sized chunk of the bread, and on leav
ing heaped blessings on the head of
my benefactress, but I've never
ceased to wonder at the paucity of
that breakfast menu, as so oddly con
trasted with the fine home aud its
luxurious furnishings."
Justice tor Veterans.
Tho late United States Congress
passed a bill increasing the pensions
of tbe survivors of the Mexican war.
fought over fifty-five years ago. from
$8 to $12 a month. The bill has been
signed by the President. This pen
sion is without regard to wounds or
length of service. There are only
3.500 survivors of that war left, and
the youngest of them is past 75 years
of age. This bill is all right, only
It should have been passed twenty,
years ago. It is a move in the right
direction, and we hope that it will
open the eyes of some of our Con
gressmen in their next session, to tho'
necessity of passing a bill on the same
lines for the benefit of the veterans of
the civil war. and to do it at once. In
order that a large number may Ixr
benefited by it. A service pension
such as that proposed by Senator N.
B. Scott of West Virginia, would be
acceptable to the old veterans and
would do them, at least, scant justice.
Let every old comrade make it a point
to see that his representative in Con
gress insists upon the passage of
such a bill, and it will soon be car
ried through. New York Press.
Just an Incident of Warfare.
"In one of the early campaigns, when
our regiment had the advance." said a
veteran recently, "there was a sharp
skirmish in the brush and our boys
supposed the rebs had retreated when
they saw not three hundred yards
away a head thrust out of tho brush
and quickly withdrawn. In a mintito
the head came out again and again,
and suspecting an ambush the skir
mishers opened fire on the thicket
and charged. They found they had
killed a boy not more than 1- years
old. who had been sent out from his
home not fifty yards away to give the
Union trcops a warning of a heavy
cavalry force moving on a parallel
road. The boys grieved more over
the shooting of that boy than over
the hundreds or men killed at Chicka
mauga." Dick Gower's Fighting System.
Lincoln's great good sense wa
shown in his making Dick Gower a
lieutenant in the regular army. Dick
had shown his bravery and his ca
pacity among the western Indians, but
was rejected by the board of military
martinets at Washington, because he
"did not know what an abattis. or
echelon, or hollow square, was."
"Well," sharply said the dilettante
officer with a single eye-glass. "What
would you do with your command if
the cavalry should charge on you?"
Dick was there. "I'd pive them
hell, that's what I'd do; and I'd make
a hollow square in every mother's
son of them." Lincoln signed his
commission, and Pick mane a famous
soldier." National Magazine.
tast of Lincoln's Bodyguard.
Daniel V. Colclazier. who celebrated
his 88th birthday in February last, is
the scie survivor of President Lin
coin's bodyguard. He also enjoys the
distinction of having been born or
Feb. 15. 181.i. the day that the newf
of the declaration of peace betweer
Great Britain and the United State?"
reached this country, at the close o'
the War of 1812. Mr. Colclazier lives
at present in Washington, with hii
son. Henry C. Colclazier. At his re
cent birthday celebration he enter
tained many of bis children ane
grandcbildren with reminiscences o
the city of Washington during th .
days of the civil war. when he wa
so intimately associated with Presi
dent Lincoln.
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