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The Tattered Flag.
In the sun-bright dust of the street be
low SHttercd the bayonets all a-row,
taid the muffled tiead of a thousand feet
Deepened the roll of the war-drums
beat.
nd the grav old sergeant roused to near
IVith his hollowed palm to his deafened
ear.
While the fife shrilled loud and the drums
kept time
To the nation's heart beats hid in rhyme
He lifted himself from his old armchair
And gazed on the regiment marching
- there . , ,
n a glorv of scarlet and blue and gold.
And high "overhead, like a torn-out fold
Of liberty's robe, with its glimmering
stars
Heaven's glorious blue on a neid or
rhe old flag fluttered, half shot away
la the storm and stress of that judgment
day, , ,
When throuch blood-dyed stream, by
threatening crag.
The old line regiment carried the flag.
The veteran looked; and his face turned
gray .
With the specter light of a bygone day.
He fingered his old gun'.s roisty lock.
He felt the thrill of the tattle's shock.
And he lifted ills head like a startled stag
As he saw the ghosts by the tattered
flag. .
Some were withered and bent and gra.
Some were blithe and bonny and gay.
And their voices shrilled through the
martial din
"Comrade, comrade, where have ye been?
Ye have missed the drill this many a
year"
The call rang sweet to his deafened ear.
And his soul broke loos? from the crip
pled form
That had weathered a nation's years of
storm.
And he joined the soldiers who never
lag
The ghosts that maich by the tattered
Hag.
Sam Lamprey in Washington Times.
An Unsolved Mystery.
"I have just returned from a visit to
the battlefields of Cedar Mountain and
the Second Manassas after an ab
sence of forty years," said Daniel L.
Reynolds of Canandaigua, X. Y.. re
cently to a reporter of the Washington
St?r. "It was while the last-named
battle was in progress that something
happened to a member of my com
pany, and with whom I had been
raised, that has always been to me an
unsolved mystery. His name was Will
iam Brown and his age at the date I
speak of was 24 years. He had always
pined for a life of adventure, and when
Pope called for volunteer scouts he of
fered his services and was accepted.
This was just prior to the Cedar Moun
tain affair. Prior to the second Ma
nassas Brown had frequently disap
peared for several days, but in due
time returned all right, and at night
time about the camp fire would fire
our imaginations and excite our envy
over his mrrvelous hairbreadth
escapes from capture and death. He
was missing for good after the sec
ond day's fight at Bull Run, and the
rest has always been conjecture as to
his fate. The story told by a captured
Confederate feoldier :s that he was
caught red-handed and was hanged as
a spy.
"It appears, according to the narra
tive related by the soldier mentioned,
tn&t during the battle of the first day
a man resembling Brown, dressed in
Confederate gray, rode up to the com
mander of a division with written or
ders from Jackson to move his troops
to a certain portion of the field where
tney could possibly he of use and sud
denly disappeared. The next forenoon
Longstreet appeared on the scene, and
the same young man in gray again
rode up to a division commander and
attempted to duplicate the trick, when
he was recognized by an officer pres
ent, handed over to a drumhead court
martial and hanged on the spot. The
most disquieting thing about the whole
matter is that rumors have reached
our post from time to time that Brown
was not the martyr we pictured him,
but a deserter to the enemy. I am go
ing to call on Longstreet and ask him
if he can solve the mysterious disap
pearance of William Brown."
Monument to Ohio Soldiers.
On that most beautiful drive in the
world to-day. Crest road. Missionary
Ridge, where fought so valiantly
Ohio's sons, will shortly tower, eighty
feet in the air, a memorial erected by
a grateful state to her heroes, says a
writer in the Cincinnati Enquirer.
The contract for this twenty-thousand-dollar
monument has been award
ed, the site and design chosen. Four
figures designed by Pausch will stand
upon the base. They are models of
grace and strength and represent a
cavalryman, an artilleryman, an in
fantryman and a drummer boy, the
only monument to a child in the park.
High upon the shaft will appear the
great seal of the state, and on the
four sides of the enormous base the
single word OHIO. No inscription will
mar the grandeur. An appropriation
of $7,000 has been made for the spe
cial data to be inscribed on bronze
tablets.
This memorial to Ohio's troops in
'the campaign about Chattanooga will
fittingly stand on the crest of the
ridge, bathed each day In the brilliant
rajs of a dying sun, whose crimson
and gold typify the crimson flood of
long ago, the golden glory of the mem
ory of those who gave their lives to
their country's cause.
First Colored Man to Enlist.
The .first known colored man to en
list in the army of the United States
during the civttwar entered a Massa
chusetts regiment. He was First Ser
geant Burrill Smith, Jr.. of Boston. He
enlisted on Feb. 12, 1863, at the re
cruiting office of the Fifty-fourth regi
ment infantry, "colored," Massachu
setts volunteers.
Smith was about nineteen years old,
was born un Boston, and at the out
break of the war tried to enlist in
one of the Massachusetts white regi
ments. The United States govern
ment did not need "colored volun-
teers at' that time. When Gov. An
drew called for colored volunteers
- Smith was the first colored man to re
spond. Col. Robert Gould Shaw select
ed Smith, .who had been made a ser
geant' in company A, as his orderly.
Smith was with Col. Shaw when he
fell. at Fort Wagner. He served
throughout the war with his regiment,
returned to Boston, lived- there and
died about two years ago.
.Colonel Mosby Reminiscent.
Col. John G. Moeby of Virginia, the
noted guerrilla chieftain of Confeder
ate -fame, has been in Washington
several days. News of the death of
MraXGen. Grant made him reminis
cent, and he told the following story
after a cordial eulogy of the federal
general. He said: ,
"After Appomattox we went to Alex
andria to live. The town was under
a provost marshal with a big staff.
About three times a week I was ar-
rMMi o a tramped-up charge, sad J
finally I was ordered to leave the town.
My wife became so nervous that t
was afraid she would break down un
der the strain, but the day I was or
dered off I returned home prepared to
obey orders. She was not to be found.
Late in the afternoon she returned
looking brighter than I had seen her
for many dys. She waved a paper at
me and said:
" 'You need not pack up. Yoa Woa't
be interfered with agatUw Here is an
order they will respect I went to
Washington this morning to Gen.
Grant's headquarters.. I sent in my
name as Mrs. Colonel Mosby. He re
ceived me most kindly and courteous
ly. I told him I wanted to see htm
alone. He dismissed his attendants
and I told him the exact status of af
fairs ia Alexandria. I especially
begged him to protect you. I told him
your parole signed by him was not re
spected. He drew a paper to him
and wrote with his own hand:
"'Colonel Mosby is not to be mo
lested in any way in the future.
" U. S. GRANT.'
"We keep the document as an heir
loom. I was never troubled after that,
and the town was better managed."
Washington Times.
Relic of the Revolution.
Dr. T. G. Simpson, Main street. West
Fairlee, Orance county, Vermont,
bears the unique distinction of being
the owner of the musket from which
was fired the first shot at the battle of
Bunker hill.
Dr. Simpson was born in Deerfield,
N. H.. Oct 9, 1823. His first recol
lection of the gun was seeing it stand
behind the door in the room where his
grandfather. Major John Simpson
slept.
Major Simpson enlisted as a private
and took part in the celebrated battle.
The order given to the continental
soldiers in that engagement was to re
frain from firing until they could see
the whites of the enemy's eyes. Major
Simpson being a good shot, could not
resist the temptation to shoot after
they came within range, so he fired,
and. it is said, brought down his man.
This was the signal for opening fire
all along the line, and the engagement
became general.
That the story is true is born out by
the fact that the major was placed un
der arrest for disobeying orders, and
ias finally court-martialed.
That this arrest did not militate
against him is shown from his subse
quent career, as he rose to distinction
and was rapidly promoted until he
gained the commission of major.
He was quite young when the en
gagement took place, and lived more
than 50 years after the battle, dying
Oct, 28, 1825. His house still stands.
Panorama of Battlefield.
At the top of Cemetery Hill on the
Doonsboro pike a fine view can be ob
tained of the Antietam valley. This
view also includes some of the battle
field. To the east the Boonsboro pike
stretches over hill and down the val-1
leys of the foothills leading to South
Mountain.
To the southward on a high hill may
be seen an observatory, a slendet
frame structure locally known as Me
Clellan's lookout. To the southward
the valley of the Antietam narrows in
its course toward the Burnside Bridge
To the northward we are looking in
the direction of Prye's Bridge. Here
the fields are fruitful and the country
rolling and varied so that the land
scape is everpleasing in its changing
grades and tiny valleys.
On either side of the pike at tub?
point is a cemetery. That at the north
side is the village cemetery, where
for years the citizens of this rural lo
cality have been laid to rest On the
north side is the National cemetery,
one of the many spots in this conn
try where sleep the soldiers who have
died in the hospitals, and on the battle
fields of the civil war, a part of the
large army that is slowly passing
away, the surviving comrades one by
one joining the comrades whose
graves in the National cemetery are
marked by the tiny white headstones
Soldiers Seized Cordwood.
"N. S. Woodward," said the cap
tain, "tells a good story in the last
number of the Express Gazette. Wood
ward served as agent of the Adamt
Express company in the South during
the civil war, and, put out of bus!
ness early in 1864 by the operations
about Knoxville, supported himself by
cutting cordwood. He had a good
supply on hand, in fact, quite a wooc
yard of his own, when Sheridan'
division camped near, and the boya
confiscated every stick and chip, and
were jolly over finding wood chopped
and piled up ready to hand.
"Of course, the men of" Sheridan'i
division will pletd guilty. It was a
hard winter and at many camps woo'
was scarce. In this particular case
there was an abundance of wood
without the chopping, and the boy?
appreciated Woodword's work, and ?
have no doubt scores of them wIT
write him at Knoxville, Tenn, ex
pressing their thanks for favors ren
dered in the matter of cordwooc
thirty-nine years ago. This story re
minds me of scores of. incidents ir
which tired or freezing soldiers bom
ed anything combustible, frost
shingles to saw logs, or from fenet
rails to houses, with enthusiasm aac
a reckless disregard of
quences." Chicago Inter Ocean.
The Field of Antietam.
As compared with the battlefield or
Gettysburg, the battlefield of Antietaar
is quite small in area. The battle &
Gettysburg continued for three days
and the area covered during this tare
days' conflict included a vast terri
tory. The positions of the engaginf
armies were varied during the battle
and military movements sometimes fa
eluded a wide shifting of the batfb
lines. , At Antietam the Confederate
in their retreat wisely selected th
most advantageous position, and ta
battle of the day was spent in anat
tempt to turn the right flank aea
Burnside Bridge and the left flank oi
the Hagarstown pike. The line of bat
tie of Antietam was about five mile
In length; at Gettysburg the area o
the battlefield is estimated as covering
twenty-five square miles, and vet oi
this comparatively small battlefield o
Antietam in this one day's fight of
the 1th of September, 1862, the tota
loss of both armies in killed, woundel
and missing was more than 38.000 mea
Where Cranberries Are Grown.
The bulk of the cranberries of tab.
country come from the part of east
era Massachusetts which lies
Cape Cod.
A SOLDIER'S CHRISTMAS."'
How August . Lockaer Spent the" Merry
Hotffcay m 1SW.
The Journal has been requested to pub
lish the letter of August Lockner to the
Omaha Bee, where he recites an amy
experience. We made mention of the art
icle in a former Issue, and as the letter
is interesting throughout, we are glad
t& publish it About twenty years ago
Mr! LocWher tofcd tfcfi itorjfr tn the G. A.
R. hail In ttolumDos, and The Journal
has pubnshed the Chicago version of the
story, so that this will be the, more In
teresting, coming from Mr.-Lockher di
rect. - .-
OMAHA. Jan. 14. To the Editor or The
Keei I noticed Tederitiy" tinder the cap
tion "A Brave Fight for Life." a story
taken from the Chicago Inter .Ocean,
which evidently Is a' recital or my own
experience ,with Mosby's men during the
civil war. Who .the writer Is, or how the
Chicago paper secured the story, is un
known to me. but the story ,is fall of
errors and lacks detail, 'showing that the
writer is not well posted or'has forgot
ten the facts. The -few friends who heard
me tell the story ..years ago' in Grand
Army of the Republic hall at.Cofumbus.
Neb., can tell that, for as .printed. It is
an abbreviated 'recital of the facts as
given by mystelf: This being' the first J
time I ever saw It In print I -desire to
have it appear correctly. Here Is the
story:
In December. 1864. quite a large body
of cavalry was gathered In the lower part
of the Shenadoah valley, preparing to
make a raid toward OordotMvlUe, Va. The
raid resulted In no particular Importance
until our return. About one mile from
the town of Warrenton I got into a bad
scrape, an experience which I will never
forget. I had gone to a well to All my
canteen and returning to my horse was
preparing to remount when twb'strangers,
dressed In blw. with rubber Doncho.s
which Severed their shoulders, came to
where I was standing. They held" their
revolvers under the ponchos In such a
manner that the weapons were concealed
My command at this time was about fifty
rods distant, riding from us. One of the
strangers said: "Come around the corner
of the house quick, or we'll scatter your
brains over this dooryard."
FOUND IT NO JOKE. '
I sought to determine whether or not i
was a joke. While I was deliberating my
revolver was jerked from my bdt by one
of the men. while the other took charge
of my horse. Then I was rushed around
the corner of the house out of sight.
Here we all mounted and rode leisurely
toward a small wood, my captors riding
close to me. At this time a squad of our
men was riding along the road, but was
unable to realize my situation. -
I was led a captive into the woods and
was searched for any valuables', which I
might have had.' One "of my captors then
started toward the town with' me. On
the way he said that Ms comrades had
been mingling with our men in the town
and on the road. From his conversation
I was led to believe that they were
Mosby's scouts, or spies. As we rode
back Into the town I saw plenty of Mos
by's troopers, dressed in blue and gray
clothes, though we saw none of them
when our troops passed through the town.
In front of that leader's headquarters I
saw a number of prisoners surrounded
by a crowd of people. 'These 'prisoners
were compelled to exchange their good
blue uniforms for the tattered garments
which their captors had to offer. I did
not escape, and was soon garbed in an.
old black overcoat, pants and old boots.
I was exceedingly grateful, as I was left
in possession of my shirt. A crowd of
ugly, drunken fellows treated -us shame
fully and threatened to take our lives.
Later three of us were taken. to the edge
of the town, stopping enroute at a house
ocupied by a family named Grant. While
we were here the drunken rabble from
the town suddenly swooped' down -upon
us flourishing revolvers and sabers In
the air, some. more,. reckless than the
others, shooting at the -prisoners.
MURDER OF A PRISONER. - ". "
I looked inquiringly at my captor." whose
name was Powell, and asked if the pris
oners were to be shot. He replied by
drawing his revolver and in strong lan
guage informed me that they were not.
He weeded In stopping the rush of the
drunken mob from riding over us. While
he was seeking to protect us one of- the
pursuers shot a young prisoner from the
Eighth New York cavlary in the back.
He fell mortally wounded, expiring a
short time afterward.
That shot was an incentive for others
and the ruffians commenced firing promis
cuously at the prisoners. Unseen, I
dropped from my horse, the animal serv
ing as a barrier. The other prisoner, an
old man from the Seventeenth Pennsyl
vania regiment, was wounded in the hip.
Guards ami 'civilians rushed from the
hoiiss and shamed the attacking ruffians
sufficiently so that they desisted In their
'tellish work. I was promised protection
'jy one of Mosby's lieutenants .and later
juried the dead prisoners in an open
rrave in a cemetery which was in close
'roximity. ,
Powell was ordered to take. me south
vard and turn me over to some confed
erate command, and thence I was to' be
.ransported to prison. We commenced"
'he journey toward Culpepper. . Powell,
who inter proved to be the assassin of
Secretary Seward, proved himself a talk
atie and social, besides a brave man..
He Informed me that I was safe from all
harm as long as I acted in good faith.
Should I attempt to escape, he said, he
would do liis duty and shoot me. To im
press his words, he whipped out his re
volver and sent three bullets whizzing
in succession into a fence post, also show
ing, his unerring aim.
POWELL'S CAREER AS A SPY.
We stopJ at a farm house, where he
seemed snewhat acquainted, and heart
ily ate or cornbread, bacon and corn oof
fe. After the meal he asked one of the
young women to play upon the piano for
niw, wmen request was granted. We then
resumed our Journey, during which he be
came talkative and informed me that his
father was a Baptist minister in Florida.
At the commencement of the war Pqwell
said he laC ran away from home, drifted
to Richmond, made himself useful about
headquarters, engaged In secret work be
tween that city and Washington, had
been in Canada on duty for the cause,
beside some serious situations in Balti
more, finally joining Mosby's band, where,
he said, he could help relieve a Yankee
Itf.ymaptiT of his greenbacks once in a
while, which he did by going to Wash
ington and spying out information pre
sumably at Mrs. 8urrats residence. His
conversation revealed to me that he was
the most tatter secessionist I ever knew.
When I intimated that the south could
not hold cut much longer he uttered an
oath and said that his cause had 300.038
men enlisted and that we would have
to walk over their dead bodies. He also
said that if necessary they would kill
the head of our government. This remark
did not cause any particular impression
on me at the time, as I considered it
made during his, rage. In the light of
later developments he must- have been
in con&piracy wtth Wllkes Booth at the
time.
irSCAPE FROM CUSTODY.
Darknes finally overcame us while we
were enroute. We stopped at a farm
house, had lunch 'and then spread out
blankets for the night, sleeping side by
side. I noticed that he kept his. pistol
in his coat bosom and also that the win
dows were not locked. I removed my
boots, and with my saddle I made a head
rest. Our overcoats served as coverings.
I was never more awake in my life. My
guard acted as though he desired me to
go to sleep first, so 'I laid quiet and
breathed heavy. About midnight I sur
mised that Powell was soundly steeping:
I raised myself slowly to a sitting pos
ture, moving cautiously to determine if
be would discover my actions. Taking my
clothing. I reeehed the window and raised
If 'cautiously: .The Soda shone between
some clouds just at thai foment' and
had Powell awakened I would have made
aa excellent target as I clambered
through the window. Once outside I es
caped for the woods.
I bad noticed a road running in a west
erly direction and this I chose, intending
to reach the Blue Ridge, which I could
follow to Harper's Ferry and friends. I
reached a, river filled with floating ice.
The wind blew cold from the northwest.
It was Christmas day; MM. No other
alternative left but to remove my cloth
ing. I did so. waded into the. chilling
-stream, battling with the Ice to prevent
-being carried down stream. Every bone
in my. body, ached. I Became numb and
half blind. I thought that I would perish,
but Anally was able, half paralysed, to
reach the opposite shore, where I revived
myself by brisk rubbing. I dressed and
ran as hard as I could to start my blood
circulating. About daylight- a group of
horsemen passed on the road, while I
sought concealment behind a tree. A
dense fog prevailed, ' which aided me in
my tramp across the field and through
Woods. The weather cleared at noon and
I discovered the Blue Ridge 'just before
me. At the time I was in an open coun-
try.
TERRIBLE SUFFERING FOLLOWS
c ' ESCAPE.
While pondering over my situation four
troopers hove in sight. They discovered
me as quickly as I did them. I jumped
over a rail fence and greeted .them with
a "Good morning." They nodded, then
questioned me to ascertain If there were
any Yanks around, and finally rode away.
A 'strawstack near by proved a shelter
and bed for me Until 5 o'clock in the even
ing. A snow storm 'had set in while I
slumbered and I was cold, stiff and sore
In every muscle. I traveled north to gain
the -Ridge' and its wooded shelter.
Through thesnow storm I traveled while
I saw an occasional preparation for merry
Christmas celebration. I gradually grew
weak and hungry. Seeing a large, well
lighted house, bout midnight, I surmised
that the inmates were dancing, and ap
proached the residence. Seeking out tho
barn I found shelter there, and the only
bed afforded me was a pile of chaff.
When I awoke my bjots were frozen sol
idly to my feet. It was nearly impossible
for me to walk. Upon looking out I saw
smoke arising from the chimney of one
t the negroes' shanties. I had hoped
for this. I approached it and rapped upon
the door. It was opened by a big negro
woman. With teeth chattering, I pleaded
for admittance and warmth. I sat before
the big log fire on the hearth and actually
burned those boots. I was closely ques
tioned by the negress. when I requested
my food, and with much doubt was served
with a scanty repast. She told me when
she handed me the food to net ut for
the woods, as there were soldiers, In the
house. I obeyed.
LAST STAGE OF THE JOURNEY.
About two hours later I met a mounted
rebel officer in the woods. After search
ing me. I was permitted to resume my
Journey. My feet, feverish and sore.
made 'walking almost impossible. I was
sick at heart and about to approach a
house and throw myself Upon the mercy
of the occupants in my appeal for aid,
when I looked down from the brow of a,
hill and there, waving in the sun, was
Old-Glory, near Harpjr's Ferry, fluttering
over -Bolivar Heights. So near friends 1
was instilled with new vigor, and once
more buried myself in the security of the
woods. Dizziness often overcame me.
but I valiantly pushed forward. Darkness
soon came with the twilight. Under the
cover of it, I continued in my flight, until
about 10 o'clock, when I heard the long
expected challenge of our picket out in
Lewray valley. I was taken to the pick
et's tent, where my boots were cut from
my feet. An ambulance from Harper's
Ferry removed me to the hospital, where
I was a patient for three months before
my health returned and my feet were
cured.
This is the true story, as Colonel Mos
by. who visits our state occasionally the?e
days, .must acknowledge:' at least bo
-'much of it as came to' his notice.
Lewis Powell, alias Payne, when on
trial for "his .'life in Washington, brought
the old couple. Mr. and Mrs. Grant, from
Warenton,. and they testified that on De
cember S3, 1861. Powell saved the lives
of two Union prisoners in front of their
house. I recognized his picture, after the
assassination of President Lincoln, in the
illustrated papers. In his last statement
he related the passages here mentioned
tn. his .career, which vouches for the truth
and veracity of my story.
A. LOCKXER.
Company H, 21st X. Y. Cavalry.
GET RID OF LUMBER.
OCeVFashioned Things That the Home
May Well Be Without
Here are a few things that must be
banished from a room with pretensions
to taste: Papered ceilings; pale, char
acterless colors; the insipid pinks,
blues, violets and greens that the cal
ciminera are addicted to; Nottingham
lace 'curtains; draperies, tidies, etc.;
meaningless bows of ribbon tied on
various objects; frilled or flounced
lamp shades; plush sets; stationary
rockers; folding beds; over-mantels;
plush frames; sofa cushions adorned
with Gibson girls or other pictures.
You may already be burdened with
one of these things and be unable to
discard it. In that case try to live
down the crime, but do net add to it
Last Christmas day Clarissa showed
me with a grimace a present from an
old family friend. It was a small plas
ter, bust of the worthy man, a fat per
son with side whiskers. He had his
bust modeled and a large number of
them cast for Christmas presents to
bis' friends.
"And mother says we must keep that
object on our drawing room mantel or
good -Mr. Worthy's feelings will be
hart," observed my young lady, dis
dainfully. The next time I called the bust bad
vanished, and I inquired about it
"Hush!" said Clarissa, glancing
around. "Has mother gone upstairs?
Well, then, I gave Hilma a quarter
to break it accidentally when she
dusted."
That Is one way of getting rid of
things. The Pilgrim.
FRANKLIN SLEPT IN CHURCH
He and President Adams Tried Pa
tience of Preacher.
Senator Quay of Pennsylvania has
been for years a student of the life
of .Benjamin Franklin, regarding
whom he knows much more than is
printed In the hooks. Senator Quay
says that on a certain Sunday morn
ing daring the administration of John
Adams, Franklin atteaded church with
the president, and, since both states
men had sat np late the night before,
both fell asleep during the progress
of the sermon.
The chaplain bore with the slumber
of his two chief auditors for some
time, bat Anally rage got the better of
him.
"Mr. Franklin! Mr. Franklin!" he
called from the pulpit
Mr. Franklin awoke, and looked up,
startled.
Mr. Franklin, pardon me for In
terrupting you," said the chaplain
In a grim voice. "I only wished to re
quest yoa sot to snore so loud, lest
yoa awake the president"
Fellow It
It is not necessary to catch -up with
avgood example. Just keep following
It and you will be all right Seattle
last-IaiaOIcaacer.
S '7rsmmlspB
-X;f2
Notes of Agricultural Advance;
. Hampton Normal and Agricultural
astitate has Introduced the teaching
if agriculture Into all Its courses, ae
jeatftatlag the employing of two as
sistant lnstractors -in agriculture.
During- the past summer there were
let out on the grounds of' the Tus
legee Station in Alabama 300 mul
berry trees, with a view, to making
sxperiments in silk culture in the
future.
Prof. H. M. Cottrell, formerly di
rector of tho Kansas 'Experiment
station, is now professor of agricul
ture in Ruskin College,, located at
Trenton, Missouri. This college Is
the educational institution of a large
co-operative movement that has oth
tained considerable prestige In Kan
sas, Missouri and adjacent states.,
The Bureau of Plant Industry of the
United States Department of Agri
culture has had an agent In Europe
studying the sand-binding grwes
and their management in Holland,
Belgium, France and Germany. .This
work is likely to have very important
results on the utilization of millions
of acres of drifting sand along bur
seacoasts, lakes and rivers.
e
The North Carolina State Board of
Agriculture Is doing some work of a
very valuable kind. It has estab
lished three experiment farms in dif
ferent parts of the state, two on the
light soils along the coast, and one
on the 'red Piedmont clay. Experi
ments are being carried on to test
fertilizers, cultural methods, rota
tions, and varieties of corn, cotton
and peanuts. Some of the work is co
operative. This work is entirely dis
tinct from that of the state experi
ment station at-Raleigh or of the hor
ticultural experiment station at South
ern -Pines.
At the New Mexico Station the in
terest in the irrigation experiments
continue. One good result of- the
work of the station has been the dis
covery of the fact that in the Mesiila
Valley at least the supply of under
ground water is very much larger
than was considered possible. This
water is reached at a depth of only
20 feet in some cases, and is well
adapted to. irrigation purposes. Us
ing steam made by the use of wood It
was found that land could be Irri
gated at an expense of about 58' cents
per acre. This was the case, too.
when the water had to be raised 48
feet. A series of tests with various
pumps under varying conditions, and
with a variety of fuel is In progress.
Possibilities in Truck Growing.
Recently the writer was. favored
with a visit from Mr. Fred Engel, of
Dolton,- Illinois. That gentleman is
a truck gardener, and on a little over
25 acres of land, makes a living for
his family of six persons. He says
he could make a living off 10 acres
if he had too. Asked as to his most
profitable crop this year, he replied'
"that it was asparagus. Off this he
had in the past cleared $200- per
acre. This is an illustration of what
.intensive farming can do.. He had
also, he said, made good profits from
his crops of potatoes, cabbages and
onions: Intensive culture must be
looked to for profits in the -future. It
is not so much a problem of how to
get more land to farm, as it is a
question of how to get off the land
now under cultivation double the
amount we now obtain. That such
an increase is possible on the aver
age is absolutely certain, as the av
erage production per acre is very
low. The use of fertilizers makes it
possible to increase the products of
the garden, and the draining of the
land, where natural drainage is not
perfect, is another means to make
the land more productive.
There are great possibilities of de
velopment in this part of the farm
work. By the last census more than
150,000 farms are shown to be grow
ing such large ' quantities' of this
kind of produce that they are put
down under the head of vegetable
farms. We can learn much in meth
ods from the French and Belgian
farmers, who grow tremendous crops
on small areas. The gardeners
around our great cities are also mak
ing some good records, which should
be taken to heart by the men whose
methods needs intensifying. Farm
ers' Review.
Importance of Good Seed Corn.
There are nine and a quarter mil
lions of acres in corn in this state.
By adding five bushels per acre to
the yield of, the Iowa cornfields it
means an addition to the profits of
the Iowa farmers of over 120,000,000
every year. An Important factor in
the Improvement of corn is good seed
corn. Good seed is secured only by
careful and intelligent selection. The
unfavorable conditions for the corn
crop this fall, .resulting from the ear
ly frosts in many portions of Iowa,
will make necessary unusual care in
the selection- of seed corn for next
year's crop. Successful breeders
agree that the best. seed corn .Is that
which possesses the greatest vitality
or germinating power, and which will
yield the most corn per acre and of
the best quality, and therefore prove
the most profitable to grow. Good
seed corn will increase the yield per
acre five to twenty bushels. Hence
tbe importance this year of taking
unusual care In selecting and storing
tbe seed corn which is to be used
next spring in the 'fields of Iowa.
Prof. P. G. Holden.
' Milk ef Spayed Cows.
A French paper reports some tests
made to ascertain the composition of
the milk of spayed cows. It was
thought that the milk from such
cows would prove to be more uni
form than the milk from cows more
subject to the natural incidents of
maternity. This did not prove to be
the case, the usual variations occur
ring as in the case of unspayed cows.
On the other hand, there- was a very
notable increase in the' fat content of
the milk and of the sugar of milk.
The experimenters expressed the be
lief that this milk would prove espe
cially suited to the use of infants.
But this Is another theory waiting to
be proven.
Manley Miles says that the most
serious, objections to the Cochins Is
their frequent and persistent inclina
tion to sit This fever generally comes
on after every dozen or twenty eggs
laid. It requires about three days ab
sence from the nest to break up this
teadeacy.
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.Ignorant Poaltry Raisers faJL
John H. Robinson: When one rin
dertakes poultry keeping the charfces
are against' his success. But,- unfortunately,-
nearly every beginner thinks
himself or- herself, the talented and
favored or exceptionally industrious
person who Is sure to succeed,- aid
therefore neglects to take thfe neces
sary precautions to avoid failures.
With rare exceptions those engaging
in poultry keeping on any consider
able scale begin without any adequate
practical knowledge of the conditions,
requirements and methods of the bus
iness. If they happen to have abun
dant capital to carry on the business
until they have learned In the costly
school of experience what they ought
to have known before investing a
dollar.-they must finally make a suc
cess of it, but the- greater part of the
original investment and also of the
expenses for several years, may have to
be charged off to cost of acquiring ex
perience The most serious cases are
those of people with limited means
who go into poultry keeping, ex
pecting it to give them their living
almost from the start As far as my
observation goes the greater number
of persons who once become deeply In
terested in poultry, and decide to ven
ture into it will take bad advice la
preference to good every time I sap
pose this .is because thd bad advice is
more in line with their hopes and
wishes. The daily care "of poultry Is
neither as easy as some think it, nor
as hard as others make it It is easy
when you know how, and it is neither
a long nor a difficult task to know
how. There is a great difference be
tween doing work well and doing it
profitably. Permanent success in any
line of work depends, as a rule, upon
doing it both well and profitably.
How I Get Winter Eggs.
From Farmers' Review: Our ex -
perience in getting winter eggs has
only been with Buffs and Barred
Rocks. The first thing is to have
pure-bred stock, as no definite result
can be expected from miscellaneous
crosses. For Barred Rocks the chicks
should be hatched the last two weeks
of March, or the first half of April,
but the Buff Rocks may be hatched as
late as the middle of May. Then care
should be" taken to 'keep them grow
ing from the time they leave the shell.
Above all. keep them free from lice
When the time arrives for placing
the stock in winterquarters. cull out
all the drones, and those inclined to
take on fat too readily, for a lazy hen
like a lazy poultryman is not a suc
cess. Do not crowd the stock. Fif
teen to .twenty hens are enough in
one pen. See that the house is warm.
Keep the floor covered about six inch
es deep .with straw or some other lit
ter. This should be renewed about
once a week or often enough to keep
the house -cleanly. For our morning
feed we-use the Andrews prepared
food, made by a company at Ma
con, 111. The foundation of this feed
is ground oats and corn, with some
secret ingredients. This is a great
egg' producer. We mix this feed with
milk, boiled vegetables, meat scraps,
blood meal or any table scraps. We
give what will be eaten up in fifteen
to twenty minutes. We then scattei
wheat. in the litter,-just enough tc
keep them busy till supper time. We
then give them a good feed 'of corn.
In real, cold weather this should tic
warmed. Give plenty of milk and
fresh water. For . an apetizer feed
any kind of vegetables. Last but
not least do not forget the grit and
the dusting place. A. A. Anderson,
Macon County, III.
Feeding Young and Old Hens.
On the ordinary farm it is not con
venient to separate the hens into twe
flocks of old and young, and the
farmer will find it necessary to feed
some "general purpose' ration. This
should consist of not too large a
quantity, of carbo-hydrates, combined
with a considerable quantity of pro
tein. But the farmer that keeps sev
eral hundred hens can well afford tc
separate his flock into two yards ol
old and young. The young and grow
lng birds can use a great deal of corr
without becoming fat Being active
they also burn up in their lungs more
fat -than will older birds. There if
little danger of getting them too fat
the first winter, especially if they
have an opportunity to exercise by
scratching. The ' old hens must be
fed more carefully, and care be taker
to restrict their ration of corn. We
have seen many a flock of hens ren
dered unprofitable in winter by a toe
heavy feeding of corn. It must be
understood that the feeding of any
ration excessively rich in carbohy
drates would have the same result
but there are few rations on the fara
so rich in carboydrates as corn and
there is little likelihood that these
rations, would be fed. For both old
and young bens a feed of soft food
daily in winter is very good; it wil!
keep their digestive organs in good
condition and lessen the losses from
indigestion in the spring.
The Egg and Poultry Trade of 1902
Since April when storage eggs sole'
as low as 14 cents per dozen, prices
have been good and well sustained
Sixteen cents was freely paid in Ma?
and the early part of Juno. Then
there was a drop of half a cent, but
later a revival and steady advance
until now, at the close of the year,
fresh eggs are bringing 2C cents anu
storage eggs 19 cents. Fewer egg:
have been placed in cold storage than
in 1901.
The feature of the poultry season
has been the scarcity of fowls ans
high prices realized, in some cases al
most double those of 1901. A cold
wet summer interfered with the rear
ing of young turkeys and not more
than 60 per cent of the usual crop
was grown. At the close of the yeai
dressed turkeys at wholesale were
bringing 17 to IS cents, against $
to 10 cents in 1901, and dressed chick
ens 10 to 11 cents, against 7 to ?
cent one year ago. The holiday trade
made such heavy drafts on countrj
reserves that light supplies are an
ticipated, for the balance of the win
ter.
The Cochins were introduced front
China about 1848 and their popularltj
In this country produced what we now
humorously call the "hen fever."
great was the desire to possess then:
that fabulous prices were paid. Ir
England $500 was frequently paid foi
a single cock, and equally high prices
in this country.
A grass garden, containing a dozer
different kinds of grasses shosld b(
planned for tbe coming year, if tbe
farmer does not know what grasses
will do best om his land.
TERRORS OF RUSSIAN LYNCH LAW.
IrtwlMOs oi liofac
H
mxw
An extraordiaary affray took place
t fewdays ago at Lopatchevo, a popa
Icus tillage ia the goverameat of Kief,
Russia. This place has lately earaed
in evil repute as harboring a bead of
?attle and horse thieves, who systema
tically raided tbe cattle of the vil
lages and hamlets in the adjoining dis
trict The rural police took little notice of
the complaints of the victims, and the
latter therefore took the matter of
chastisement into their owa hands,
rhey organized an overwhelming at
tack upon Lopatchevo, which they ap
proached In three columns from vari
ous points. There were no firearms
among the attacking parties, but they
were well equipped with stout cud
gels. The enemy had, however, re
ceived warning and were prepared for
the onslaught, which was delivered
with desperate vigor.
The conflict lasted a couple of hours,
when the attacking party had to re
tire, leaving five of their number he
bind beaten to death. The defenders
lost three killed, making eight fatal
ities altogether. There are thirty-three
combatants in hospital, many of them
injured for life.
Year by year, so soon as the dark
nights of autumn begin, a veritable
plague of horse stealing breaks out ia
the rural districts of Russia. There
seems to be no means of checking this
avil. which is now at its yearly zenith.
When one considers that the peas
""""""""""""""" ir-rTrrrrww'r'-myrMrrurtfvsssrnj
WOMEN ARE SHREWD CRIMINALS.
VWWMWWW
OU Police Officer Gives Testimony m to Their Ability as Picapocsws-
Go Into Safe-Bfawmf.
IMMWMA
"Women are making progress along
more than one line," remarked an old
member of a citv noliee force. A
1 recent example shows that they are
. luite as efficient as men in the matter
of safe-blowing. Woman in the role
of safe-blower is new to the police.
The fact is that the operation of fe
male offenders has heretofore been
confined to offenses of the daytime or
of the early part of the night. But
here comes a story from Tennessee of
the arrest of several women who be
long to a gang of expert cracksmen,
and who actually took part in a safe
blowing in a small town near Nash
ville, where they robbed a bank and
got $1,700.
"Women have often developed into
epxert forgers, as for instance in the
recent case of an American woman
abroad who succeeded in conducting
a forgery scheme for a considerable
length of time, and until she had
fraudulently collected a vast sum of
money. They make high-class pick
pockets, and. in fact, are infinitely
more successful in this line of work
than men.
"One curious fact in this connection,
despite ti-e frequent announcements
publicly made of offenses of this kind
committed by women, men are never
on the lookout for the female pick-
jyxftfijxfuas'-r-riJ"'U'
ANCIENT GOLD
w
Proof That
Ago in lritisti Zambesla,
Rhodesia, or British Zambesia. ranks
among the chief gold-bearing countries
af the world. The ancients mined and
carried away enormous quantities of
the precious metal, but under the sci
entific mining systems of the present
day their operations will be greatly
surpassed. In the recently published
work on the "Ancient Ruins of Rho
iesla," the authors, Messrs. Hall and
Neal, endeavor to discover who the
ancients were and whither the gold
went
Perhaps Rhodesia was tbe ancient
"and of Ophir, the land of the mys
terious "King Solomon's mines," but
the theory is strongly combated by
some investigators. Tbe ancieat gold
workings are the basis of modern
workings. For every ten square miles
of Rhodesia there was one ancient
mine, that is. there are 75.000 old
holes, which means that a stupendous
wealth was dug out of the earth be
fore the days of Cecil Rhodes. Much
of this wealth must have gone to the
north and east: it was probably
wrought Into the crown of the Queen
of Sheba and filled the coffers of
Solomon.
The ancient smelting furnaces are
BARNUM FOOLED THE LAWYER.
Great Showman Had His Joke Even
When on His Deathbed.
The late P. T. Barnum was alwaya
fond of a joke. His whole career was
atudded with instances in which he
indulged tnis propensity. But a few
days before his death he summoned
his lawyer to the side of the couch
where he was lying. "I am much wor
ried." he said, "about a certaia mat
ter, and I want to consult you. My
neighbor keeps peacocks. Suppose
some of them should fly over into my
vard, which they ara doing all the
"time, and lay some esgs here. Woula
these eggs belong to me or would my
neighbor compel me to give them up?"
The lawyer, having duly scratched
his head, answered: "Well, Mr. Bar
num I must take time to look into this
matter. But the best thing for you to
do would be to keep the eggs and let
your neighbor sue for their possession.
In that way your rights would be de
termined and we should have a valu
able test case."
"Well," said Mr. Barnum, "while you
are looking into the matter will you
find out how it would be If the eggs
were laid by pea-hens?"
The lawyer swore softly to himseir,
but never made any Investigation.
Insanity Among Women.
A German scientist. Prof. Zimmer of
Berlin has of late devoted consider
able timo to the Investigation of the
causes of insanity among women, and
has come to the conclusion that if
women are admitted into competition
with men the inevitable result will be
a tremendous increase of insanity
among the women. He finds thnt the
percentage of women teachers who
become insane is almost double that
of the men teachers. Inquiries were
also made about women employed as
telegraph, sales clerks and In the
telephone service, and. furthermore,
with regard to women engaged in the
Swiss watchmaking trade. These
inquiries showed that in the occupa
tions mentioned a far larger propor
tion of women than men succumb to
tal disorders.
Drift.
ant's horse is almost his only property
and his chief instrument of labor, oae
can understand his bitter hatred of
the horse thief. His hatred le nour
ished and fanned to fury by the knowl
edge of the light punishment which the
Russian law provides for horse steal
ing. This is the explanation of the
presence of lynch law in Russia and of
its recent vioient manifestation.
The mode of lynch law most preva
lent in Little Russia is this: When a
horse thief is caught the men In the
village club him to death, each trying
to strike in such a way as to inflict
no injury more serious than a bruise.
Far more horrible is the method of
binding the feet of the criminal to the
tail of a young and active colt. A lad
leaps upon the animal's back and gal
lops away over ditch and meadow. A
very few minutes of a ride like this
and little Is left of the horse thief.
A similar punishment is to bind the
thief's feet to the axle of a cart and
then drive away as fast as the horse
can travel.
Less general is the refined method
of severing the knee tendons, which
makes the thief a cripple for life.
A death of fearful agony is that by
pin pricks. For this mode of execu
tion the thief Is bound hand and foot
to a bench or log. and the women are
then called together and proceed to
thrust aeedle8 and pins into the soles
of the wretched victim's feet and other
sensitive parts.
r pocket unless they find themselves in
a questionable resort and in bad com
pany. For this very reason women
find it much easier to pick a man's
pocket. They can get closer to men.
too, without becoming offensive, and
can lift the diamond pin out of his
scarf, nip bis watch and chain, or any
other valuable thing he may have be
fore he will ever dream of danger.
"In that kind of pilfering, too. pe
culiar to kleptomania, she is more
successful because in this instance of
the way she dresses and woman's pe
culiar demeanor around the counters
in dry goods stores. If a man. for in
stance, should go into a dry goods
store and begin to pick up little things
and fumble over them, apparently for
the purpose of inspection, he would at
once arouse the suspicion of every
clerk within visual rane. On the
other hand, a woman may do exactly
the same thing without exciting the
least suspicion. It is simply looked
upon as a matter of comparative ease
for the kleptomaniac.
"But the woman safe-blower is
new type, as far as my experience
goes, and I suppose it simply means.
that the police of the country will soon
be confronted with many new prob
lems In dealing with the femr.le of
fender." mmmmmm-
MINES IN AFRICA.
Om Many Ccatariaa
still easy to recognize. They are sunk
into the floor. The furnace blowpipes
are made of the finest granite-powder
cement. and the nozzles of the blow
pipes are covered with splashes of
gold. When the first lining became
worn by the heat, a fresh lining of
cement of an excellent quality, which
has outlasted timo. was smeared round
on top of the old lining. One can
take an old lining, split off the layers
with a knife and find gold splashes In
abundance.
Apparently the ancients wasted gold
lavishly. Gold has been found in largo
quantities in the form of pellets as
large as buckshot in the vicinity of the
furnaces, and also thrown away on the
debris heaps outside of the buildings.
The tools of the ancient workers
which have so far been discovered in
clude a small soapatone hammer and
burnishing stones of water-worn rock,
to which gold still adheres. There are
evidences that the ancients carried on
an extensive industry in the manufac
ture of gold ornaments and utensils.
Thirty-five thousand dollars' worth of
gold ornaments have been taken In the
last five years from the rums of Mata
beleland alone. Youth's Companion.
WHMMM
HAD HEARD OF HIM.
Fact That Puzzled Lawyer Is Very
Easily Explained.
It was a contested will case, and
one of the witnesses in the course of
giving his evidence described the tes
tator minutely.
"Now. sir," said counsel for the de
fense. "I suppose we may take it. from
the flattering description you have
given of the testator, his good points,
and his personal appearance generally,
that you were intimately acquainted
with him?"
"Him?" exclaimed the witness. "He
was no acquaintance of mine."
"Indeed! Well. then, you must havo
observed him very carefully whenever
you saw him?" pursued the examining
counsel.
"I never saw him in my life," was
the reply.
This prevarication, as counsel
thought it, was too much, and, adopt
ing a severe tone, he said:
"Now, now, don't trifle with the
court, please. How. I ask yon, could
you. in the name of goodness, de
scribe him so minutely if you never
saw him and never knew him?"
"Well," replied the witness, and the
smile which overspread his features
eventually passed over the court, "you
see, I married his widow."
Why He Changed His Avocation.
Ever since his youth Richard Le
Gailienne' has worn his hair long.
When he was trying to qualify hhr
self as an accountant in a Liverpool
office his hair was several inche.'
longer than that of his fellow elerkc
This looked like frivolity to the aus
tere employers, who sent for him occ
day. The four elderly mea sat In
solemn state when Le Gailienne enter
ed the private office. One of them, a
stern Scotchman, said: "Mr. to Gai
lienne, the Arm has decided that you
have not the necessary funds to pay
for a haircut and we have concluded
to advance you the snm of three penes
for that purpose." This incident ic
said to have precipitated the younr
poet's determination to ahaadea com
BMrcJallife,
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