The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911, September 24, 1902, Image 4
I . 4 , .? T 7 (Jj. ,. - r..- i.-- -At M ,-i - ?'0 ,--wrr - s - fj'.-J AMERICAN KINGS WHO HAVE LOST THRONES Bl fffC. " IHlfivs 'simml m 9alaammawFPaBs9iHBS m aCjamsjPy fl&vvii 1ST btsbb. - . bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbv I bbbbbbbsVbbVbbbbbv wm BBBBsn m . r F STONY POINT, (Anthony Wayne, a letter written on . lac-eve of his most famous exploit shows. was convinced that he would not survive the attempt on Stony Point: yet he led that desperate attack, to use his own phrase. "Spear In hand.") " JHighlands of Hudson! ye saw them pass, ' Night on the stars of their battle flap. Threading the maze of the dark morass iMler the frown of the Thunder Crag. . Flower and pride of the Light Armed Corps, Trim in their trappings of buff and blue, . Silent, they skirted the rugged shore. Grim In the promise of work to do. "Cross ye the ford to the moated rock! Let not a whisper your march betray! Out with flint from the musket lock! "Sow let the bayonet find the way!" Wilkes Booth's Oil Well "About the close of the year 1864," said an old-time Venango county, Penn., oil operator, "when the Prather boys were scouring about the oil . country trying to raise money to ' buy the Holmden property at Pithole, before oil had been found at that ' afterward famous and rich, but short lived petroleum center, John Wilkes Booth was at Meadville ono day, waiting for a train eastward on the Atlantic & Great Western railroad, now the Erie. He was in the office of the McHenry house. One of tho Prather boys was there talking up the prospects of the oil at Pithole. "Booth became interested. He be gan to talk with Prather. He stood by a window, and as he talked he scratched his full name, John Wilkes Booth, on one of the panes of the window with the diamond in a ring he wore. The upshot of Booth's talk with Prather was that he invested 115,000 in Pitholo property. 'The Prather boys bad bought the Holmden well for $100,000 and sold it for more than $2,000,000. The Homestead well, in which Booth bad his 15,000 investment, was only one of a dozen equally large spouting wells, grouped at Pithole. Oil was then $G a barrel, and the smallest fraction of ownership in a Pithole well was a fortune. 'The night that President Lincoln was shot a thunderstorm, something unusual at that time of year, gather ed over Pithole. There was but one flash of lightning and one clap of thunder. This was not regarded with any significance at Pithole at the time, but subsequent revelations clothed it with a significance that awed the superstitious, and startled those who were not. Indiana Regiment's Battlefla.g At the postoffice, Gen. McGinnis has ready for shipment to New York one of the battleflags of the Eleventh Indiana regiment, to be placed in the tomb of Gen. U. S. Grant This is being sent at the request of Gen. Dodge, one of the trustees of the tomb, who has asked each of the 'states for two flags to hang in the tomb. When the request was receiv ed here it was found that all of the regiments had turned their colors over to the state with the exception of the Eleventh. This regiment has always closely guarded the tattered remnants of its flags. At the time of the unveiling of the Indiana Soliders' Monument, the regimental association held a meeting and voted to send one of its flags to New York and the others were sent to the state house for safe keeping, as they were becoming so decayed with age that they were fall ing to pieces. Owing to the tattered condition of the flag, a blue silk banner, eighteen by twenty-four inches, was made to accompany it, and on this the names of the battles of the regiment were worked in gold bullion. The flag was with the regiment at the organization of the Thirteenth army corps, and was carried in every engagement of that part of the army until the time Gen. Grant left it When the regiment left for the front at the beginning of the war. a True Comradeship Here is a tribute from one com rade to another, that should warn the hearts of all veterans: "He learned comradeship in a sure and stern field, amid the odor of gunpowder, the music was the blare of trumpets, and the eloquence was the sharp, curt orders of the officers, and the answering applause was the deadly volley of the rebel rifle and shrieking shell; where the lid of a cracker box was the festal board; or in Andersonville, where even crack ers -and cracker boxes were unknown, except in the hungering dreams of famishing patriots. It was picked up on the line of march, where the On the Field of Shiloh "Shiloh,'' said the doctor, "was a nightmare to the" North. It was our first great battle in the West, and it was, in fact, one of the bloodiest bat tles of the war. So many conflicting stories were told at the time that the people were in a frenzy and boat loads oi doctors and helpers and investigat ing committees were hurried to Pitts burg Landing. The late Dr. E .P. Goodwin and myself were among those who went to Shiloh from Columbus. Ohio, to do what we could for the wounded and sick. We didn't expect the battlefield to be so big. and when we got there our party started to walk to Ohio headquarters. "We were disappointed at the cheer fulness of the soldiers, and their in difference toward us and our mission. We were depressed by the repellant formalities at the several brigade headquarters and kept moving on. At last darkness came upon us and we were practically lost. In due time we came upon a line of guards, one of whom Dr. Goodwin knew, and he took as to Gen. Garfield's headquarters. We had known Garfield in Columbus, and be received us all cordially, but with the dignity of his military posi tion. I was just asking myself how we were to break the -ice when Gar field caught sight of Dr. H. and shout ed: Mnst in time, doctor, just in time. A wood tick has bored into my back and I want you to take him out.' Thereupon he pulled his woolen shirt over his head, and, handing the doctor a knife, ordered him to take the tick out. This broke the ice, and' when the tick had 'been removed from the general's back we were oa the footing of alt friends -and acquaintances."--Cslcage later Ocean. JULY 16, 1797. "Halt!" rang the sentinel's challenge clear. Swift came the shot of the waking foe. Bright flashed the ax of the pioneer Smashing the abatis, blow on blow. Little they tarried for British might! Lightly they recked of the Tory Jeers! Laughing they swarmed to the craggy height. jit Steel to the steel of the grenadiers! Storm King and Dunderberg! wake once more. Sentinel giants of Freedom's throne. Massive and proud! to the Eastern shore Bellow the watchword: "The fort's our own!" Echo our cheers for the Men of old! Shout for the Hero wno led his band Braving the death that his heart fore Over the parapet, "spear in hand!" Arthur Gulterman in New York Times. Thft tidines that the war was over had reached the oil regions, and the American flag was flying from the top of every derrick. The one thun derbolt of that storm at Pithole struck the rig of the Homestead well and set it on fire. "When, next day, the news of the assassination of Lincoln by Booth came to Pithole that city was over hung by a dense pall of black smoke from the burning Homestead well. As far away as Oil City the ominous black pillar was seen hanging against the sky over Pithole. "The fact that the assassin Booth owned part of the Homestead well at once occurred to all at Pithole, and when it was learned that the bolt had descended upon it at the very hour and minute that Booth had fired tho shot the coincidence" seemed so significant that every ef fort that had been made to extin guish the fire at the well and stop the great waste of wealth every lap of the flames was adding to, ceased on the moment, and the very spot was shunned by all but the others interested in the well, who at last succeeded in getting control over tho flames. "The moment the news of the as sassination reached Meadville, Indig nant guests at the McHenry house, Meadville. would have shattered to fragments the window whereon Booth had inscribed his name a few months before, but the proprietor of the hotel succeeded in saving it, as he had a thrifty eye to its future value. He removed the offensive pane from the window, and subse quently sold it for a good price to a Philadelphian, who. I believe, pre sented it to the Pennsylvania histori cal society." New York Sun. dramatic incident occurred that the members of the regiment love to re late. The regiment was drawn up in line in the old state house yard under the command of Colonel, after ward General, Lew Wallace, and the" flag was presented to the regiment before a vast crowd that completely filled the inclosure. As the general Eleventh Indiana Flag. received It, he commanded the men to kneel and swear to "Remember Buena Vista," which afterward be came the battle cry of tho regiment. Indianapolis Nctts. already overburdened shoulders did not hesitate to lend a helping hand by bearing the belongings of sick or weaker companions, or skirt the road for miles that he might have a drink of clean, fresh water, or some deli cacy not found in the army ration; where selfish seeking had no exist ence, and the strife was all for one and one for all. In that school h learned comradeship, the ties oi which were as strong as iron, and with all their rough and jagged edges as tender as a woman's love, and en dures forever. There may be others who may yet present themselves graduates of the same school, but Comrade McElroy is all right A Young Drummer Boy. Floyd Stewart Loomis of Grand Rap ids. Mich., 9 years old last May, is per haps the youngest drummer boy in the country. His instructor in drum mlng is his father. J. P. Loomis, who is called the champion drummer of Michigan. Floyd has been accustom to drumsticks since he was two years old, and now he can play the bass drum and the snare drum at one and the same time, beating the bass drum with his foot and the snare drum with his hands. He has played before large audiences, and always has given de light American Boy. Three Million Different Colors. The number of artificial coloring matters prepared since Perkins' dis covery nearly fifty years ago of the preparation of aniline dyes from coal tar has been enormous. It is esti mated that at the present day over 3.000,000 different individual Te stuffs are easily accessible to our in dustries. while at least 25.000 form the subject of patent specifications. 3?t,ST ber of colring matters fur nishsd by natural agencies is compar atively small, and those that do exist threaten soon to be ignored in favor of coal-tar derivatives. Small Efforts Are Valuable. Do not be discouraged because of the apparent insignificance of on portunities. Remember that the poet Wl'uxGZ The smallest effort is not lost Each wavelet on the ocean tossed Aids in the ebbtide or the flow Each raindrop makes some floweret blow. Each struggle lessees human woe. Those who have read Alphonse Dau let's wonderful book. "Rois en Exile,' -rill appreciate a little 'story told by Mark Twain to Col. S. C. Kellogg. Jnlted States army, now retired, when .he latter was military attache to the mbassy at Paris, over which the ate lamented James B. Eustls pro dded 1893-97. Clemens said that he was sitting, me brilliant and beautiful summer norning, on a bench in one of those jicomparable Paris parks. The view jras gracious beyond words. Grass, almost dazzling in its greenness; lowers, fountains, running water, patriarchal trees, a passing throng aiore picturesque than any pageant jver seen upon the stage all the :harm and mystery and romance of Paris, en grande tenue. Mark sat there musing. The dew. was still upon the foliage. The air was fresh, exhilarating. He caught it seemed to him, the faint, elusive oerfume that had made last night a fragrant memory. He bathed his fine soul in sunshine. All of a sudden there came within his view a pale and mildewed saunterer. His hat was middle-aged and shiny. His coat suggested better days. A black cravat seemed fiercely bent on throttling him. His trousers bagged -at ' tho knee, and his shoes, patched and worn, spoke of sunshine stove polish with special and peculiar eloquence. His eyes were hollow and his cheeks both wan and sunken. He approached RELIEF SECURED BY "TURNING THE HOSE" A Phoenix gentleman who recently returned from California relates an in cident that occurred to him which may be of benefit to Phoenix women who cannot go to the Coast, but who desire to avoid the effects of the ex ceSive heat as much as possible. The gentleman in question is an extremely modest married man, and it was only an overwhelming curiosity that helped him into the secret about to be im parted. On the way home he occupied a seat toward the rear of the coach, and a lady, who also had a ticket for Phoenix, sat opposite him and one seat ahead. He noticed that the farther they traveled the more uneasy the lady became. First she tried fanning her self vigorously, but finally gave that jp in despair and resorted to her handkerchief, with which she inces santly mopped her face, removing per spiration, paint, complexion and everything else that was not rooted in the cuticle. Just before reaching Maricopa the lady squirmed around a great deal, looked out of the corner of her eyes to see if any one was watching (and there was, but she didn't know it), GOSPEL TEXTS PUT ON MAILED MATTER The Chicago postofflce authorities are looking for an enthusiastic preach er whose religious vagaries have oc casioned them considerable trouble. A few days ago envelopes, which had covered incoming letters, were sent to the postmaster by local business men with a vigorous remonstrance against the practice of stamping selections from scripture on mail passing through the postoffice. The texts were printed in fine type and stamped in purple ink on the envel ope by means of rubber stamps. A distinguished citizen wanted to know why the postoffice should be so interested in his salvation as to stamp these texts on an envelope ad dressed to him: "Jesus Wants to Save! Tell the World!" "Ye must be born again. John 3-7. How? Whosoever believeth that Jesus is the Christ is born of God; 1 John 5-1 and doth not commit sin, 1 John 3-9." An immediate investigation was made in the local office, but the re ligious enthusiast was not discovered among the ranks of Chicago's postal employes. Some of the letters had WWWWVWVWVWMMVWWMtMVWMAWWVWWWWWWWtfWWVVWV UNCLE SILAS ON AUTOS. Old Gentleman Compares Them Un favorably With the Horse. "Naw," observed Uncle Silas as he hitched a nail keg a few inches so as to keep within the receding shade of a tree in front of the country store, "I calkilate I wudn't hev one o' them goshding'd ottymobeels ef sum feller wud giv' me one fer nuthin. Hain't skasly a day passes thet one o' th' blame sputterin' things don't break down out in th road in front o my house. One o' them ottymobeels will git up an' git like all Sam Hill fer a few miles and then, fust thing yew know, it will jes stop, clean tuckered out "Ez I wuz drivin' Intew town this mornin' I kim acrost two ottymobeels thet hed balked. Th feller thet owned one wuz a-layin' on his back in under it a-tightenin' up sum bolts in its stummik. Tother chap wanted tew know whut I wu'd charge tew haul his ottymobeel ten miles tew th' nearest railroad station, so he cu'd ship it hum." I tol him that Jinny, my bay mare, wuz skeer'd 'o th infernal things an thet ef I'o hitch her tew th' otty mobeel I reckoa'd she wudn't stay hitched long. "Naw-sir-ee I don't keer fer enny ottymobeels in mine, thanfc'ee; I cal kilate thet Jinny will answer my pur pus yit fer a spell. Jinny is goin' on 23 years old an' mebbe she hain't quite es spry es ehe uster be, seein' es how she is spavin'd sum an' inter teres in frunt but when I start out behind her I hev th consolation o knowin thet she won't git sick an' lay down in th' road like one o them gosh-blame ottymobeels. Jinny, she can't go a mile a minnit, like an otty mobeel kin. but she goes a mile es quick es she kin, an' thet's swift enuf fer me, b'gosh! I wudn't swap thet little bay mare fer all th' ottymobeels that yew cud pile in a ten-acre lot I wouldn't I gum!" Ohio State Jour naL Students Protect Themselves. Some of the students in Paris, when perusing ancient books in the Nation al Library, protect themselves with muzzles. This is done to prevent the inhalation of dangerous microbes said to infest old volumes. Rats Chew Gum. Rats, says the Pittsburg Dispatch, have coatracted the gum-chewing hab VtatHobokea. Rata! Mark's bench with leaden feet, sat down upon the farther end aad Bear ed a sigh that sounded like a moan. He gazed at the toy landscape, took in tho glittering pageant, coughed the cough of hunger and distress, then turned to Mark and asked, with a pathetic bleat, "Were you ever a king?" Sadness and humor are close friends. Down the endless corridors of human hope and strife. passing arm in arm through the throng of beautiful and mean ambitions, they gather the story of the human race and write its chronicles at leisure. 'tWere you ever a king?" Paris does not hold monopoly in this sorrowful and shabby case. Have we no discrowned kings ourselves? Doer, the gay French capital, with its royal refugees and loafers, have no rivals in this broad and happy land? Verily, it seems to us that all the kings, or would-be kings, have not been stranded in one place. There are pathetic pretensions, vain hopes and wretched ostentations all about us. The discarded boss, the back number chieftain, the leader without a following all these are familiar, if sad, spectacles in this land. Don Quixote has survived the wreck of worlds, and the duke of Barataria still presides over Barme cide ceremonials and waves his sword of lath. We, too, are in this business, even though we have no Daudet to assert our claims. then pulling off her shoes she removed her stockings, turned them inside out and put them on again. By this time the modest Phoenix man was mostly eyes, and what wasn't eyes was' curiosity. He felt that he had to have an explanation of the woman's conduct, and there was no one who could give it but the woman herself. He approached her, therefore, begged her pardon, and said that he seldom took the liberty of inquiring into other people's business. "How ever," he continued, "I just witnessed the lightning change act that you per formed, and curiosity has prompted me to inquire the reason of it" The woman blushed a little on dis covering that she had been watched, and then said: "You see, I am going through to Phoenix, and it's very hot down there. In fact, it's been getting hotter every mile for the last three hours, and my feet were literally burn ing up, when I decided that regardless of conventionality I would have to turn the hose on them." Arizona Re publican. Money talks in a language that all the world can understand. come from the east and the envelopes were transmitted through the usual channels to see if the enthusiast was not a railway postal clerk or a clerk in the Boston or New York postofflce.. All clerks and carriers denied the impeachment and the papers traveled back again to Chicago. The investi gation was continued there, and after a slight delay it was found that on a particular day in the middle of De cember a traveling preacher passed through one of the big office buildings and had stamped everything in sight with tests of Scripture. It seems that he went through some of the offices and impressed the stamps on letters lying on the desks. No one appears to have connected his visit with the texts on the envelopes, and it was concluded that some one in the postoffice had become interested in the spiritual welfare of the general public and had taken this means of calling attention to pertinent texts found in Holy Writ The explanation was a relief to the postal authorities, who had been vain ly seeking for more than a month to discover the person responsible for the hand-stamped texts. WHERE SHE WAS WRONG. Mistaken Impression of Old Lady New to Automobiling. It had taken considerable per suasion to induce the old lady to take a seat in an automobile, but finally she had consented to do so because she was anxious to reach the bedside of her sick grandchild in a village some twenty- miles away, the last train for which had left some, ten min utes before she arrived at the station. When the owner of the big automo bile, who was touring through Long Island, had overheard he old lady's regrets at being left, he had insisted on her accompanying him, as he was to pass through the -particular one of the half a dozen or more Long Island villages named Hampton where the sick grandchild lived. Everything went lovely until the almost flying ve hicle, in attempting to pass a wagon loaded with hay which occupied the entire center of the road, went unex pectedly into the ditch and rather vio lently deposited its occupants in an adjoining field. Recovering from the shock, though somewhat confused from the rather unusual method of alighting from a vehicle, the old lady asked of the chagrined chauffeur: "Is this a Hampton?" "No, ma'am," he managed to gasp, "this is an accident" "Oh, dear," said the ex-occupant of the vehicle, "then I hadn't oughter have got out here, had I?" But such naivette was too much for the owner, of the damaged vehicle, and he said the only safe thing for one in his position to say noting. Automobile Magazine. King Cotton for Cuba. It appears to have been demon strated that sea island cotton can not only be grown in Cuba, but that its yield per acre is very large. The cost of its cultivation is small, and the plants will yield for years, making replanting unnecessary, except at long intervals. If this is true, and it appears to be beyond doubt that it is, tLen cotton may come to be king in Caba, as it was and is in the gulf states of the American Union. Here is something for the secretary of agriculture 'to "foment," which can be gone Into by small farmers, which does not require any capital to speak of only plows, hoes and seed cotton for the Irst year's plaatiag. Havana Post it aw I PaswCwPw 'LVIbw Our Apple Trade With England. Our apple trade with England to be ia a very healthy state. Accord ing to the English statisticians Eng land received from this country darns the export season of Aug. 10. 1901. to May S. 1902, a total of 792428 barrels of apples. From the port of New York were sent 154,223 barrels, from Boston 143,851 barrels, from Montreal 122,405 barrels, from Portland 100.419 barrels, from Halifax 265481 barrels and from St John 6,049 barrels. On the other side Liverpool was the leading point of import, 408,656 barrels being landed In that port. The port of London re ceived 229,808 barrels and Glasgow 129,312 barrels. It is Interesting to note that in the above shipments there were 296.427 boxes of apples. These were reduced to barrels in making the returns. These boxed apples were from Cali fornia. It is somewhat surprising to find so many apples shipped in this form, but it Is an Indication that the public takes kindly to this form of packing: This trade in boxed apples has grown np largely during the last four years. The first commercial rec ord we have from England of Amer ican apples coming in in boxes was in 1895-6, when the number reported as Imported into England was 15,471.. No farther separate mention is made of boxed apples till 1899-1900, when the number Is placed at 181,985. The next year there was a slight falling off, the number being 149,515. Year before last the number of boxes of apples Im ported into England was 203,333. Evi dently the box as package for apples is to remain a factor in our export trade. Our apple trade with England shows great irregularity. This is caused by the constant variation in yields of ap ples in both countries. A short crop In this country means such high prices that the sales of American fruit in England are greatly restricted. This past season the prices were so high on this side of the water that the amount sent abroad was smaller than for six years .previous. Mahlon Terhune, a freight broker of the' New York Produce exchange, has compiled the following table of apple exports for the years given: 1880-81 1,328,806 1881-82 239,252 1882-83 395,594 188344 o 1,5 32 Iootov iOjlw 1885-86 885,273 1886-87 807,924 1887-88 608,421 188849 1,407.409 1889-90 677,762 1890-91 451,285 1891-92 1.450,336 1892-93 1,203,538 1893-94 174.841 1894-95 1,438455 1895-96 751,255 1896-97 2,919346 1897-98 913,996 1898-99 1,221,087 1899"l9vv lv-otlX 1900-01 1,346.030 1901-02 792,128 The coming year promises to be one f large crops and with prices for ap ples so low that exportation will be encouraged. A Newly Imported Weed. Professor Moore of the Wisconsin Experiment Station sends out the fol lowing warning relative to a newly- imported weed of the mustard family: "I find growinj In the newly seeded rurkestan alfalfa plats at the station a plant which belongs to the mustard family and may become an obnoxious weed. It Is not a native of this coun try, but was undoubtedly brought from abroad with some of the imported Turkestan alfalfa seed. The blossom of the plant is of a lighter shade than the native mustard, and the leaves are not so rough and hairy. A strong, disagreeable odor is given off, which Is very perceptible. All farmers growing alfalfa for the first time should examine their fields at once, and if the above described weed is no ticeable, pull or cut in order to pre vent going to seed. If the alfalfa was sown with a nurse crop, cut the crop for hay; if sown without a nurse crop, pull all plants and destroy. Where tho acreage is too large to pull con veniently, cut with mower. The alfalfa will come on readily after cutting, and no detrimental effects will be notice able." Timothy. Versus Corn Fodder. At the Missouri station it was shown that when young beef cattle were win tered on rough leed alone a better gain was gotten in every trial with timothy hay than with corn fodder. i;From these trials," says the experi menter, "it is perhaps safe to estimate that timothy hay is worth fully twice as much as whole corn fodder pound for oound for wintering young cattle. This refers to large, coarse fodder from traps averaging sixty to seventy bushels of corn per acre. That grown sneclally for fodder would presuma bly have a much higher feeding value and could be fed with much less waste than this coarse fodder. It should be borne in- mind that in feeding this large fodder whole nearly half by weight, viz., the lower portion of the stalk is refused by the stock and is only valuable for bedding and man ure." Use ef Roots in Cattle Feeding. In all parts of the old world the feeding rations of cattle -include roots. In this country littie attention Is paid to them, though nearly all scientific feeders advocate their use. In the feeding of beeves roots are valuable, especially before the finishing period is reached. The amount to be fed each day must depend on the size of the steer, but to a 1,000-pound steer 50 pounds per day may be fed at first and this may be increased. As the time for finishing approaches, the daily allowance of roots should be decreased as the food affects the hardness of the flesh, too many roots making it soft The best feeders advocate cutting the roots, slicing them: Some pulp them and mix them with the forage, delay ing feeding till the forage is moistened by the palp. In dairying as In everything else or ganization seems to be easiest along commercial lines. After a girl gets on the shady side of 25 she drops the afinity business and begins to hustle around- for an ordinary breadwinner. Chicago News. People who use religion as a cloak In this world will doubtless manage to keep warm la the next without a cloak. Chicago News. A Profitable Celery Patch. A Philadelphia society that has ruanlng a three-acre co-operative farm, says ia a report: One of the most Interesting aad profitable parts of this three-acre farm was a celery plot of one-sixteenth of an acre. This miniature celery farm, after thorough fertilisation and preparation, was transplanted at the rate of one hen-, dred thousand plants to the acre, the rows being only nine inches apart, and the plants sets in drills five laches from each other. The plants were grown in the ordinary way and were transplanted to the plot at the proper season for such work, that Is, from the middle of July to the middle of August The plot was given a shal low or surface cultivation every ten days, bat was never handled or banked with earth as is usually done in celery culture. On this one-sixteenth, of an acre five thousand fine large stalks were matured, and after being bleached, marketed- at an aver age of one and one-quarter cents per stalk. At this rate one acre of land will yield a gross product of one thousand dollars. I am not prepared to say that this can be done year after year, for we attempted the same thing last year and failed, but I am sure that no greater risk is incurred in growing a crop by this method than would be incurred under the ordinary way, and I am confident that it can be done with much less labor In pro portion to results. When to Grind Feed For Stock. The following concise advice from a recent book on feeding by Prof. Henry of Wisconsin, a recognized authority on the subject, is commended: "Thia subject is a difficult one to discuss owing to the great variety of condi tions existing as to both grain and animals. Directions are here given whlci may serve to guide the feeder in his practice. For horses which are out of the stable during the day and worked hard, all grain, with the pos sible exception of oats should be ground. For those at extremely hard work, all grain should be ground and mixed with chaffed hay. For idle horses oats or corn should not be ground, nor need the hay or straw be chaffed. A cow yielding a large flow of milk should be regarded as a hard working animal and her feed prepared accordingly. Fattening steers and pigs may be crowded more rapidly with meal than with whole grain, though there is more danger attend ant upon its use. Sheep worth feed ing can always grind their own grain. In general. Idle animals and those having ample time for mastication, rumination and digestion do noc need tLeir grain or roughage prepared as carefully as do those with only limited time for these essential operations. Experiments quite generally show in creased gains from grinding grain, but in many cases they are not sufficient to pay the cost of grinding." Large Versus Small Pastures. Prof. W. A. Henry: The subject of large or small pastures is frequently discussed. The majority of experi enced American feeders favor a single large range rather than numerous small pastures. Grasses, both in va riety and quality, are never quite the same over the whole of a large pas ture, and cattle soon detect the slight differences, and satisfy their desire for variety by ranging from one spot to another. In large pastures the hab its of the animals become regular, and it is interesting to study their move ments. The herd will be found in the morning on one side of the valley, feeding on the more abundant vegeta tion. Later, 83 the sun's heat Increas es they appear on the hillside, where there is a movement of air and where the grasses are shorter, but more nu tritious. At noon they are to be seen resting In the shade at still another point This regularity in grazing cer tainly conduces to comfort and quiet and Is of importance to profitable re turns. Where the pastures are cut up into several lots, the fresh bite of rank herbage which comes with each change leads to irregularity and un rest, 'thus reducing the gains. Skim Milk for Fish. The proprietor of a creamery In Kansas has a fish pond near his cream ery and he has noticed that the fish seem to be very fond of curd. He, there fore, inquires whether it would bo more profitable to feed this curd to fish, which are worth 10 cents per pound, or to feed it to calves and pigs. We are not aware of any specific ex periments having been made to deter mine this question, but as an original proposition, we should be inclined to the opinion that the curd could not be put to any more profitable use than feeding it to the fish. Of course, there should be some care exercised and a very close watch kept to ascer tain whether this could be used as a sole diet, or whether the health of the fish demanded something in addition. There is n- reason to suppose that the curd would give any unpleasant re sults in the matter of flavor or tex ture. We can readily understand, how ever, that it should never be fed in greater amounts than the fish would consume readily, as otherwise the sur plus or refuse might decay and render the water unhealthy. Hoards Dairy man. Beware of Poor Cottonseed Meat. Of late the practice has become common of grinding the cottonseed hulls with the meal and making a very inferior product to be sold at a little lower price than prime meal, says a bulletin oi the Missouri State Board of Agriculture. If the meal has any ground hulls or black specks in it. or if it is offered at less than S25 or $26 laid down at your station in car lots this year it may be taken for granted that it is not prime meal and that it is either adulterated or stale. A sample recently sent to the station for exam ination by a feeder in southern Mis souri showed on analysis to be nearly one-half hulls and to have a value of 9.bout -V6 per ton on the basis of $25 for prime meal. Good meal has a bright yellow color, free from black specks or cotton fiber; a fresh clean smell and a pleasant taste. If in clined to be lumpy or if it shows any evidence of having started to mold or is dark in color, reject it. When the church is an arbor of rest for the rich it cannot be a harbor for the refuge of the wrecked. Ram's Horn. There Is little glory in a heavy weight's victory over a featherweight champion. :r case ef em Eating. A writer ia an unidentified exchange says: I have a curious case of egg eating now in my yards. A few weeks ago it began to happen regularly that some ef the eggs ia two adjoiaiag nests ia one corner of ono of the pens were broken and eaten late in the afternoon, the eggs net broken being very much daubed up, ad -e aests torn to pieces. It was never done early In the day. and if eggs wero gathered about 3 or 4 o'clock thero was no trouble. As soon as I had an opportunity I set a watch for the cul prit aad caught a two-year-old aea in the act She was shut ia a small pen occasionally used for sitters until an opportunity to dress her occurred. The next evening when I came home I discovered that she had laid on the floor, but had paid no attention to the egg. I put In a nest box. and left her there for a few days. She laid almost daily, and never disturbed the nest or egg. There was one hen Identity nu known which, instead of laying in the house, laid among some raspberry bushes beside a stone wall at one side of the yard. As no eggs were laid there while this hen was shut up. the conclusion was reached that she was that hen. 1 .iking it for granted that as she did -not molest her own eggs. she was not a confirmed egg eater. I returned her to the pen from which she had been taken. The nest by the wall again contained an egg almost dally. For perhaps a week the nests in the houses were not disturbed. Then one day I came home late ia the afternoon to find those same two nests all torn up. Next day I came earlier and caught this same hen in the act Again I shut her up intending to kill her this time in an unused dog house, putting a couple of slats over the opening. She laid here the next day and the day following, and did not attempt to eat her egg. So as a final test I put a few eggs in the aest In the pen where the breeding hens are kept, and put her in the yard. In less than ten minutes she had found her way to this nest, had broken the eggs and was back In the dog house. This time she gets no reprieve. But why doesn't she break her own eggs? The Fat of Fowls. To properly fatten a fowl Is a science. That fowl is not properly fattened which has a large amount of fat In layers under the skin and around the Intestines. Around the Intestines It may be. but the flesh should be rather permeated by fat than surrounded by fat The flesh should be evenly infiltrated by fat Fat should not show through the skin, nor should there be any fat under the skin to show no matter how thin the skin may be. In France a well-fattened bird is one that has a good sup ply of flesh over the back. When that is attained the buyers feel certain that the breast meat is in good condition, as fat more readily accumulates on the back than on the breast To fat ten birds properly requires food rich in nitrogen as well as carbo-hydrates. It also requires some attention to breeding, as the quality to fatten prop erly must be inbred to a very- con siderable extent As yet we have done little along the line of determin ing what breeds fatten most perfectly. Probably in each breed will be found strains of fowls that have the desired qualities. Before long, experimenta tion will witnout doubt be made along this line. The result should greatly improve the quality of the fattened fowls we see in our markets. Moist Air in Incubators. The incubator which will furnish its air nearly or quite saturated with moisture, so as to prevent drying of the embryo at any stage, will prevent the larger proportion of the deaths in the last stages oi incubation, and fur nish large and stronger chicks to be brooded, says a bulletin of the Rhode Island Station. It would seem to be preferable to allow the heated air to pass over a wlcking or cloth saturated with moisture just before or upon en tering the incubator. It is doubtful whether saturation of the air of the room will ever be fully satisfactory on account of the atmospheric changes, although much may be done by keeping the room closed. Where comparatively tight, unventilated rooms are used, the continual burning of lamps oes far toward using up the oxygen and raising the temperature outside the incubators, so that more moisture is necessary. To wait for the heated air to take up necessary moisture from pans within the incu bator, seems 'o subject the eggs also to tho same influence, and to permit their moisture to be taken up. All tendencies of this kind will be avoided w.en the air is admitted saturated with moisture, or nearly so, after be ing heated. Salt as an Egg Preservative. Fine table salt, such as is sold at ordinary grocery stores, was used, says a bulletin of the Rhode Island Experiment Station. Salt to the depth of two inches was placed in the stone jar, and on May 18. 1899. twenty Leg horn eggs, laid during the five days May 12th to 16th, were placed in the jar, small ends down, not touching each other, and closely packed in the salt Tho jar remained untouched in the cellar closet to the end of the test Result: Good. 0 per cent: bad, 100 per cent. On April 4. 1900. these eggs were examined and their contents had somewhat shrunken, the air cells being greatly enlarged. The whites were orange tinted in some cases and slightly darkened in others. Severn! used as droDneil eecs had a rather flat taste. The whites of sev eral subjected to the oqg beater frothed up nearly as well a3 the whites of fresh eggs. Both the whites and the yJks of these eggs had a taste similar to that of smoked her ring, and could not therefore he said to have kept well. For preserving eggs for a few months, however, this method may be recommended. It is simple, cheap and for short periods reasonably effective. Percentage of Fall Chicks Savea. A correspondent of the Farmers Review requests information as to the proportion of fall incubator chicks usually saved. We pas3 the query to the readers that are raising incubator chicks in the fall. Let us hear from them as to their experiences in the saving of the chicks hatched at this time of year. Ho" does the number compare with chicks hatched in the spring of the year? The loud call of duty may be drowned by the soft cooings of In-fataatlon." ones The keeping attty of hatter de pends very greatly on the water la which it is washed. If the water looks clear R is generally svpposed to he pare. Bat the microscope has shewn that the water that looks as clear aa crystal to frequently the ahMlng place of disease germs aa well as of f ermeat germs of various kinds. We predict that the time will come when butter made in our first-class creameries will he washed In sterilised water. There have been numerous cases where but ter made under highly scientific eon ditioas has gone oft flavor in a short time and subsequent iavestigatloas has shown that the apparently pure water in which it waa washed was the cause. In the home of the farmer the well ia usually depended on to fur nish water for washing butter as well as for other uses. Too oftea the well Is dirty from different causes. We have seen such wells where the water actually waa odorous with decaying animal life. Yet after the water be came tainted it was still used for weeks by the family. One such well on being cleaned out was found to contain great masses of 'dead angle worms. It is no unusual thing for frogs aad even mice to get into wells and become decayed before their pres ence is detected. Even when nothlag of this kiad exists the water may aot be pure enough to use for the washing of butter. Germs of many kinds cap able of reproducing themselves In the butter may be ia the water. It is an easy matter for the farmer to boil water used for the washing of butter. This is advisable certainly when long keeping butter is desired. It would not be amiss to use sterilized water at all times. Could we but bring it into general use in the washing of butter the spread of disease would be pre vented in some degree. It has been shown that even in butter typhoid fev er and other disease germs have been carried. Success With Gathered Cream. S. E. Oaks in an address to Wiscon sin buttermakers said: If a gathered creamery Is run right. -and it can be if men of the right kind are at the head of it the first thing is a good number one buttermaker, and in picking out a good number oae buttermaker do not pick out a man who, when you go into his test room, you will find his sample jars all smeared up with cream from the top to the bottor. 6o that anyone cannot see through them. I would not want that kind of a. man because if he is dirty and slack in the test room aad with his sampling jars he will be slack with his other work, and if you get one that is clean and understands making butter, and the creamery is run right and you use box churns and wheel workers so that you will know how much salt you want to uso in your butter and will not have to guess at it, I think the best grade oi butter can be made and get the high est market price at a gathered cream ery; but if a combined churn is used in a gathered creamery you do not know anything about how much salt to use, but I will admit they are all right for a lazy man. I will say that if a gathered creamery is run right and it can be, the patrons will get 'a larger profit than they can from any separator factory- It should be a co operative creamery and the overrun, or profit, should be going back to the patrons and making them better sat isfied than If it were going into tho hands of an individual. An Error That Never Dies. The old Idea that food affects the fat content of milk seems to be one that dies hard. A recent bulletin of the Chicago health department said: "There is all the more need of keep ing milk sweet at the present time, since the frequent rains have made pastures so rank and watery that a much larger proportion than usual of the milk supply is deficient in butter fat and other nutrient qualities. Ful ly one-twelfth of all the samples now examined in the laboratory are below the ordinance standard in this re- spect. and a large number of suits have been begun against the venders of tills poor milk." Who the man is that is responsible for the bulletin wo do cot know. It serves as a good ex cuse for the men that wish to water their milk. They go into court and plead that the water got Into their milk by way of the udder of the cows, and "on account of too much rain." Dirt in Butter Cannot Be Hidden. I am not of the opinion that it takes as much skill to make a pound of flour as it does to make a pound of butter, neither do I know of any other article of food that a little neglect in its man ufacture would cause it to deteriorate so fast The interior of a flour mill. It not perfectly clean would not perhaps injure the quality of the flour; at any rate the consumer would probably never know the difference, but with butter it is different The consumer is being educated to tell whether the milk and cream was perfectly clean. from which the butter was mado, and when any impurities get into the milk, no known method will eliminate them; they will remain until the butter is consumed. So for this reason It takes more care and skill to make butter L than any other article of food that 1 j. know of. and everything must be per fect in the creamery. F. A. Lelghton. Wells as Creamery Catch Basins. Every once in a while a creamery company sinks a tubular well to carry off the waste water, but in no case so . far as we have heard has such a well given satisfaction, and in most cases . the waste water contaminated the water in the well used for the cream ery. and In two cases caused serious trouble, says the Dairy Record. Ont creamery, after running the waste water in such a well some distance from the creamery was compelled to draw water from a neighbor for two months, and the pump in the cream cry was kept going day and night dur ing that time before the water could be used again. Their experiment should suffice for others, but still oth ers try the same scheme, usually tc their sorrow. The Polish fowls are distinguished by a crest or tuft of feathers oa ta .' top of the head, which adds much tc ' their beauty. They are nen-sitten -and prolific egg layers. They art -sensitive to wet aad cold aad neec warm, dry quarters. Matrimony has spoiled many friend snips. 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