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11m Third De.y ; Gettysburg
The New York Herald offered a
jrize.of $100 for the best poem on
tettyoburg battle, and nearly 1.000
vejre seat The winner is John Harri
ton Mills of New York city, a soldier
if the -war for the Union in the 21st
few York regiment, whose history he
vrote. He is now an artist in New
fork city, belonging to the Water
Jolor Clab and the National Academy.
I thought the clock struck five, and fath
er was calling the men;
3ut tired with the mowing. I turned my
cheek to the pillow to sleep again
sad ay pillow was wet with the moraine
dew; my bed was the hill; the sky
Warn say roof and my blanket and In the
east the morning sun was high
ft, gun shakes the ground another a vol
ley! Away in the dark
- PThere the sleepless pickets watch a flash
like the firefly's distant spark.
It Mutters along the edges. A stir thro
the shadow runs.
' And the silent battalions stand in line,
.- and the gunners at the guns.
rhere are eight and fifty guns aligned.
4nd the white slabs rise behind
To fight In their street It is not meet.
But the dead will never mind.
iVe came through Gettysburg town.
Firing back as the sun .went down;
I -saw there a maid she was not afraid
tad she smiled as the sun went down.
Kow under the rising sun in the woods
the fight roars on.
' 3lx points on the dial our silent gun
marks on the lunettes ere the right
has won.
Xe trenches emptied at Sickles' call
when Longstreet tripped last night.
and the fall
Crashed down on our centre. And still
we wait oh, the waiting, 'tis worst
of all!
When the lanyard is swinging, the fuse
is cut. the sabre at carry; ere higher
rhe wheels leap and tremble, the trail
spurns the sod. the hoofs In the
dust strike fire.
We wait but we know where the curtain
shakes as the flying reek drifts afar
Are' the scene shifters setting the stage
anew for the ever new drama of
war.
Kow the curtain rings up. To your guns!
Ah! lion of Lee what, at bay
With shell! Load! 8ince Crecy was lost
and won such a sight has not seen
the day.
Shall It ever again? 'Twizt the crest
and the plain, half way, cannon
stand wheel to wheel.
From the left to the right mile on mile
tier on tier now where that white
tongue forks with red molten steel.
Aim low! Fire! And now. as If wired and
Plans for the Encampment
While the plans of the woman's
citizens' committee at Washington are
not completed as to details, the gen
era! features are now ready to give to
the public. The reception of the
Woman's Relief Corps, Ladies of the
C. A. R. and of the Woman's Auxili
ary Committee have been settled upon
as to place. There was very strong
talk of holding these receptions in the
rotunda of the capital, and all ar
rangements iiad been made to put a
measure through congress for that
purpose. While the historic rotunda
is large enough, the provisions for
ingress and egress are very poor, and
remembering the trouble on this ac
count ten years ago, Mrs. Ellen Spen
cer Mussey, chairman of the commit
tee, felt that she would like to have
even roomier quarters for these great
events if possible. The result is that
the receptions will all be held in
Convention hall. This Is to be mag
Bllcently decorated for the various
functions of the week. It is to begin
by holding a great religious and patri
otic service on Sunday, Oct 5. There
is a splendid chorus of 500 mixed
voices now in training for the musical
features of this service., It is thought
that a great, religious concert, with
eminent soloists,' will be the feature of
Sunday afternoon. On Monday after
noon a mass meeting will be held. At
this meeting a formal welcome will be
tendered by the citizens and execu
tive' committee to the Grand Army of
' the Republic, the Woman's Relief
Corps, Ladies of the G. A. R. and the
' other patriotic and military organiza
tions which are the guests of the city.
Tuesday a great general campflre
reunion is to be held in the hall, tak
ing practically the whole day, when
campflre talks will be made by promi
An Eccentric Negro Veteran
It has been often said of the col
ored soldiers who took part in the
civil war that many of them had no
superiors in valor or daring, and proof
of this stands in history in numerous
Instances. These veterans with black
skins are fast passing away.
One of them. "Charley" Heath by
name, died a few days ago in Mount
Vernon, N. T., and on his breast as
he lay in his coffin were many medals
and badges thatliad been awarded to
him for a deed of some kind, or which
he may have purchased. He was a
character whose individuality will live
lone in memory, and he lived two
years beyond the allotted time of
'three-score and 'ten." When asked a
few days before his death how it was
that he had been spared from the en
emy's bullet and that other arch ene
my; disease, when others around him
hai died afa much younger age, he
replied by quoting Shakespeare:
Cwards die many times before their
4 deaths, . .
The valiant never taste of death but
once, etc"
For many years this old negro, who
had served in the army throughout
the civil war and who was one of
those dark-skinned unfortunates who
was chased through Chatham street
Presentiments of Soldiers
"I never made light of soldier pre
monitions." said an old soldier. "At
Peach Tree creek, July 19, 1864, as
the Fifty-second Ohio advanced to the
creek, Francis H. Scott of Company
G said to his comrade, Joe Swan, that
he Isad a feeling he woald not come
out of the battle alive. Swaa said in'
reply, Tf you feel that way, Frank, lie
down behind this stump, and I will
take the responsibility of excusing
you to Major Holmes.' To this Scott
replied that he .had never missed a
Ight and that he would stay with the
boys now.
For Greext Military Post
Secretary Root, of the war depart
ment has given the final order for the
establishment of the first of the four
great military posts which are to be
the gathering places of the United
States forces in case of war, and in
tame of peace are. to be the great train
lag; schools for both regulars and mill
tinmen. This, the first post, will be
at Chickamanga. Secretary Root has
allotted $45M00 for the construction
of a post calcnlated to accommodate
fall regiment of- cavalry and one
ipany of artillery, which force Is to
Attachments Between
tion. of the Sixth corns,'
"always brings
to me. It was
in the Shenandoah val
ley smta after Cedar Creek, when It
to noaiUoB. to front of Peters-
WeeC the Army of West Vir-
the hers of the 8ixth.
"Any seen
said the sergeant,
nteasaat memories
was' with m
fere, when Gek Thorns. M. Harris,
essssmasllnf; the Snoeai ssilgissi of
-. - v
i - .-
'vs.-- "- fV
j n , nno mt m. tonen.
Like a hundred craters the black Ms
breaks Into fiery eruption, and sucn
A shock Is it-met by nther-the vale
splits asunder I think, with ths
wall
The-scream, the ileafenlng crash and I the
lash of the earth, smitten as with
a flail!
It was but the flourish of trumpets, ths
blare as the gladiators come.
Only a red splash here and there, and tM
bursting of the drum
Of the overburdened ear; a lull; the vol
leying crash and the roar
Of battle, in echoes, recede, return, a
waves from a surf beaten shore.
A murmur along the lines is heard, ano
there, on the crest, behold!
Against the green, and in the sheen of
the bayonets, see unfold
The guidons of Pickett's Virginians and
of Carolinian Heth.
Over the gathering waves of gray that
leap on the tide of Death.
Now is the belt drawn tighter, the visor
down, and well ,
Each rifleman looks to his rifle that ev
ery shot may tell.
For yon are no kid glove warriors, where
they come they mean to stay: . ,4
Not a man here but knows what it bit
terly means when Lee Is brought to
bay '
They nave passed their guns; their col;
umns close; now at "shoulder shirt
they come. .
Load! With shell! Fire low!-there the
old muskets go.
Here the shells drop again. Fire low!
Flre low! ,.
Their batteries over them roll a veil
Through their ranks cuts .the blast ox
the iron hall. . . .
The air is alive with the bees of lead
droning their angry bum.
On. with colors high, they come. Each
' heart Is its own drum.
And every ear hears loud and clear Its
battle anthem sung.
Though the earth is cleft with thunder
and the air is beaten dumb
As the great guns roll their volleys and
the baying hills give tongue.
Half way a pause the lines close up!
Straight on like a summer rain
Death beats their faces. Their rlflef
speak. Then that old yell heard
Like a battering ram their column strikei
our center and as a wall
Crumbles on him that breaks is, so is It,
as they fall.
They laid the wounded on the floor.
The little house would hold no more;
The little maid was not afraid.
But the tender eyes ran o'er;
The spent shoe swept the town.
With the dying she lay down;
The little maid smiled she was not
afraid
To die as the sun went down.
John Harrison Mills.
nent members of the Grand Army of
the Republic bands will play the old
marching tunes, and the audience will
join in singing them.
In the evening though this date
may be changed to Wednesday even
ing, to suit the pleasure of prominent
people who desire to be present will
be held the three great woman's re
ceptions. The national president of
the Ladies of the G. A. R., Mrs. Emms
Wall, will hold her reception from 7
to 8 o'clock, and will be assisted by
her staff and all past national officers
who are in the city.
From 8 to 9 o'clock the national
president of the Woman's Relief
Corps, Mrs. Calista Robinson Jones,
assisted by her whole staff and such
past national officers as are in the
city, will receive the commander-in-chief
and his staff and all visiting vet
erans and ladies.
At 9 o'clock Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant,
chairman of the reception committee,
assisted by Mrs. Ellen Spencer Mus
sey, chairman of the woman's auxili
ary committee, and all the national
officers of all the woman's orders, and
the members of the executive com
mittee, will take their places in line
for the grand reception. It is thought
that this will be the most gorgeous
affair that has ever been given at a
national encampment. One happy
thought in connection with it is that
there will be no necessity for roam
ing all over a big city in an attempt
to locate receptions that one wishes
to attend. Besides being under one
roof, and held during consecutive
hours, those who attend can give
themselves up to the thorough enjoy
ment 'of the evening and not be is
the least hurried.
in July, 1863. during the famous riots,
owned a white horse which he used
for peddling. This horse was the only
company that he ever commanded,
and he drilled it only in the "school
of the soldier." He used no reins, but
guided the animal by military com
mands. The horse responded at
promptly as a "high private" to the
command. "Forward, march!" "File
right!" "File left!" "Right about,
march!" and "halt," but when Heath
wanted the horse to trot he did not
use a whip and cry out "Gi up! Old
Satan!" On the contrary, he would
command "Double quick, march!"
and then the dust would fly.
The old horse went years ago to
his last resting place, and Heath has
gone "where all good old darkies go."
After his death, the family and friends
having no means for the funeral ex
penses, their representative appealed
to the commander of the Grand Army
Post to give him as "good a funeral as
white folks have," and when they
learned that only $35 could be appro
priated from the public fund for a
destitute veteran's funeral, they got
a few more dollars together by solicit
ing subscriptions and a few more car
riages were hired to carry some of the
colored friends to the cemetery.
"Continuing in this strain he said:
You tell my mother when you see
her that I did my duty to the last,
and you can bet your money that if
I fall I will b- in the front line.' Swan
railed Scott about having the blues,
but as the battalion climbed the op
posite bank of Peach Tree creelc
Scott, pressing forward in front, was
shot through the neck, the buUet cut
ting the jugular vein, and he died on
the white sands of the creek. After
that I never smiled at soldiers' pre
sentiments." be the nucleus of the future great mili
tary post Gen. H. V. Boynton, pres
ident of the Chlckamauga park com
mission, after some quiet negotiation,
SUL been bIe to ? nearly two
thirds of thesqnare mile of land re
quired for the post proper, and the re
mainder will be sought by condemna
tion proceedings. As this tract ad
joins the Chickamanga National Park,
troops will have the run of the ten
square miles comprising that tract dur
ing large maneuvers.
Corps
nagnin corps, received orders
Dec 1. 1864. to report with his divis
Ion to Gen. Grant at City Point, there
was great rejoicing. We felt sure
that we would soon touch elbows
agate with the boys of the Sixth
corns, and when we left the front to
embark at Stephens depot, helew Win
chester, there -was as amch froHcktnc
as if we had been released for a MH-
dey." Chicago Inter
The encroaching oea is steadily eat
ing away the coast of Knghtnd, says
the Strand Msgaxlne. It is stated that
the annual loss of area by coast
sion in England alone Is probably apt
less than 2,000 acres. On the other
hand, marsh lands have been drained
and other lands reclaimed. but these
areas are insignificant as compared
with those which have been lost.
Parts of the lost lands were low
lying, protected by dikes or levees,
which were eventually breached; oth
er parts were washed away by the
floods and storms; but In many cases
the sea is eating its way into tali cliffs,
demolishing numerous towns and vil
lages. The line of anchorage for ships off
Selsey, in Sussex, Is still called "the
Park," having been a royal deer park
in the reign of Henry VOL, while the
treacherous shoals known as the
Goodwin sands formed in early days
the estate of Earl Goodwin.
On the Yorkshire coast there are
twelve buried towns and villages, and
in Suffolk there are live. Submerged
forests may be seen at low tide off
SURF RIDING IS THE
SPORT OF HONOLULU.
The best sport in Honolulu is surf
riding. It beats tobogganing. It Is
yachting, canoeing, bathing, tobog
ganing and iceboating combined.
We invited some army officers to
the fun recently, hired a couple of
muscular natives and their handsome
thirty-foot canoe, put on our bathing
suits and paddled out into the break
ers. The canoe Is a dugout, made of
the valuable koawood.
It has an outrigger, a fair-sized log
fastened parallel to the canoe by
means of two curved braces of beams.
Ours was at least forty years old,
had been used by royalty, and was
worth $300.
We worked out against the stiff
breakers for about half a mile and
then turned and rested a bit,, waiting
the critical time to catch a big one
and come in with its rush. That Is
the science of surf-riding, to catch the
breaker at the turn. If you are too
quick you find your canoe thrown
aside or capsized or running in with a
swell wave instead of the one you
were after. If you are too late the
ENGLISH PRINCES MUST
JOIN ARMY OR NAVY.
The princes of the English blood
royal have never been allowed to
saunter through life as mere do
nothings. Custom and monarchical
dignity, of course, severely limit the
number of things to which the heir
apparent and his younger brothers
may apply themselves. Practically
two professions only are open to them
the army and the navy. But with
at least one of these callings the fu
ture king is expected to ally himselL
Bismarck once sneered at King Ed
ward VII. when prince of Wales as
being the only heir to a European
throne whom one would never by any
chance expect to encounter on a bat
tlefield. It is true that English eti
quette and 'opinion do not exact from
a royal prince any very serious appli
cation to his profession; nor, however
keen and capaole he might be, would
the nation countenance his employ
ment in times of war.
The duke of Connaught was vehe-
NOT ENTITLED TO RESPECT.
Ex-Judge Makee Scathing Comment
on Dave Hill's Trousers.
Chief Judge Alton B. Parker of the
Court of Appeals wrote the prevailing
opinion in the "right of privacy" case,
which attracted considerable atten
tion, in which the learned justice as
serted the view that the publication
of a portrait was not an invasion of
privacy.
Ex-Senator Bavid B. Hill, who is a
warm friend of Judge Parker, sent
to the judge the pictures which ap
peared in the newspapers, showing
the trousers of Grover Cleveland and
Mr. Hill as these gentlemen appear
ed at the recent Tilden reception, and
he also inclosed a paragraph referring
to the fact that Senator Hill's picture
was used to adevertise a certain
brand of liquor. Senator Hill append
ed this comment: "Has an American
citizen no rights worthy of respect?
I am seriously thinking of, applying
for a rearguaent of the case"
Judge Parker replied:
"The Court of Appeals desires me
to say that it permits no rearguments
and it believes that any American
citizen that wears such trousers as
represented in the picture' you inclose
to me has no rights worthy of re
spect." Saved by Quick Wit.
In Germany recently a country
preacher was preaching a sermon,
when suddenly he lost the thread of
his discourse, and, do what he would,
he could not find it again.
The congregation was greatly em
barrassed and was wondering what
the matter was when he startled it by
exclaiming hurriedly: "Pardon me, my
brethren, for pausing in my sermon,
but it seems to me that I smell fire
somewhere and and it might be
well to see that it has not broken out
in the church or in any of the nearby
houses."
Before the words were all uttered
the congregation was pouring out of
the church, each family being anxious
to make sure that its home was not
on fire. It need hardly be said that
the fire existed only in the pastor's
imagination.
Explanation of Bow Legs.
John Palmer, formerly- secretary of
state of New York, and ex-Speaker
Reed are personal friends. Mr. Palmer
once called on Mr. Reed In Wash
ington, and the two had a -long dis
cussion of the personal characteris
tics and traits of the then members
of the house. At length they spoke
of a member who was so bow-legged
that Gen. Palmer said he reminded
hint of the traditional man who had to
have his trousers cut with a circular
saw.
- "What on earth could ever give a
man soch how legs?" he mused.
-I dont know," replied the speak
er, "hot he looks as' if he had gone up
In a halkxm and walked hack,"
are unable to agre
they
it so the man fee-
hlndthe
Bexhin and WlrraL
have been found at
alone the coast.
. Southwest from Land Bad, toward
the 8dlly Islands, a peninsufeciaboat
227 square miles has been carried
away, and below the sand beach to a
deposit of Jbtock mold, containing Indi
cations of trees and deer.
At WirraTis Leasowes Castle, now
on the edge of the cliff, bat fifty years
ago it was half a mile 3ron the sea.
Many historical towns, each as Bar
ensburg (mentioned in Shakespeare),
where Henry IV. landed in 1SH. and
Edward IV. in 1471, having now en
tirely disappeared.
At Reculver the cliffs were grain
ally eroded until a church, originally
two miles inland, was partly wrecked;
this church, however, had two spires,
forming a striking landmark for ana
ors, and trinity board (in charge of
the lighthouse work) therefore had a
sea wall built to prevent the destrac
tion of the towers.
Culture will never eliminate
marks of the cross from Christ.
the
big wave breaks over or rolls, under
the canoe and on to its glorious finish
and you have no part in it
But if you catch it right and the
natives generally do yon all paddle
for dear life at the captain's com
mand, force the canoe to its top speed
just as the breaker is forming and
then come in with the great wall oi
water just back of you, everybody
yelling, the spray flying, the waters
roaring and rushing.
You live at the rate of a mile a
minute. You seem to be going even
twice as fast as you are. Usually
there are two or three other canoe
out and you have all the excitement oi
a race. But even without other canoe
it Is a race a race with the breaker.
You are wild with the blinding
rush, the swish and swirl and whirl oi
the spray. The sense of a great mov
ing wall of water just back of you, the
roar of waves all about you. It is im
mense! Tacoma Ledger.
The bitterest rod may drive to the
sweetest comfort.
mently desirous of serving against the
Boers, but for "reasons of state'
which the people thoroughly indorsed
was not allowed to do so.. Those
"reasons of state" are not likely to
be held less imperative In the future
and one may with some confidence
surmise that for members of the Eng
lish royal family the days tf active
service are over. Their part in eithei
branch of the national system of de
fense must necessarily be passive and
ornamental, though not on that ac
count idle or useless. If we may ap
ply to them the scorching epigram in
which an American officer proposed
the toast of a regiment that did not
volunteer for the civil war: "War
like in peace, peaceful in war" one
has also to admit that a prince who
is thrust into the strict democracy o!
the services is getting an Invaluable
education In orderliness, self
restraint and the prompt discharge o)
duty. Harper's Weekly.
AAsi1ssfWaaassegf
SHE KNEW HER DRINK.
Story of a Shy Maiden' at Brighton
Beach.
She was a sweet young thing with a
shy, timid air, which suited with hei
quiet costume and her bloomer hat
When the young man she got ao
quainted with at Brighton asked her to
have some refreshments at a nearb
pavilion she hesitated, but at last con
sented to take something to drink at
the restaurant. When they were
seated at the table he suggested thai
as the day was chilly she take some
thing to' warm her, remarking thai
ginger ale might have that effect.
After waiting for him to order his
own drink so as to give a hint, at
last, she said, looking around the
restaurant.
"What are they drinking at that
table. That drink in those small gob
lets, with what looks like a cherry in
it?"
"Oh, that's a Manhattan cocktail,
he replied.
"Manhattan," she said, Innocently
"Bo women drink that?"
"Why-, of course,- there are some
women drinking them now," he re
sponded, pointing to a couple who
seemed to be enjoying the seductive
and exhilarating mixture.
The shy young thing blushed as well
as she could under her fan and seem
ed satisfied with the statement. Then,
turning to her escort, she said:
"All right, then. Ill take a Huatet
straight" And she got it. while tht
young man looked at her In silent ad
miration as she gulped it down.
Brooklyn Eagle.
An Unkind Question.
Travers anecdotes continue tomul
tlply. A New York clubman, whose
reputation as a conceited and insmffer
able bore was a byword, was attempt
ing to impress a group of men as be
ing a society pet.
"What a hospitable fellow Is,
he said, naming one of New York'i
cleverest men. "I dropped in on his?
the other night, and he and his wife
fairly insisted that I stay for dinner
Such a time as I had getting away'
Why, when I started to leave, they
came right out in the. hall and backet
up against the front door."
"After you'd g-g-gone out?" inquirec
Travers.
Bringing the Country Closer.
When the use of electric powti
becomes general we may look fbrwax;
to a considerable decentralization o
industry. We may see such "garder
cities" spring up all over the coantrj
as William Morris painted so sednct
ively, and the old country towns wil
again become active centers -of life
and industry. At present nearly al
the Industries that were once carriee
on in our villages have been killed bj
the fact that no source, of poeer It
available which can enable them U
compete with their rivals la the crti
factories. Electrical power wil
change all that
Often a woman le ao inconstant thai
after making up her mind as a feet
age she Is enable to ettck to it
. f.l - feJ"- A-S-i - v -
Theae Law TeatM TMNTIi
Recently the Farmers' Review
ted oa the report that Ms com
iompaales were sending oat
lowestlng mnk tester A dairy ex
pert In New York asked the Farmers'
Review to confirm Its statements. A
letter addrtoted to the Minnesota Ex
periment 8tatloa on the subject
brought the following reply:
To the Farmers' Review Yours of
the 11th last, making inquiry la re
gard to the small hand testers has
been referred to me for reply. We
hate need the small testers referred
to in our dairy laboratory in connec
tion with the school of agriculture aad
dairy aehool and la comparing the
testa made by the small machines with
those made by the larger power ma
chines we noticed that those made
from too small machines generally
read from J. to Jt lower. No official
publication has been made of this ob
servation bat instructors In the dairy
school have referred to it in articles
published. So far as oar observation,
goes the small machines do not pro
vide enough power to get a full read
las and I am of the opinion that this
Is the reason why the factories or
creameries who are baying the cream
are anxious to have the patrons test
It! with the small hand machines. The
difference In the reading between the
two machines is enough to make a
i rge profit in the business. T. L.
Haackar.
. South Africa as a Dairy Market.
The dairymen of two or three na
tions are looking to South Africa as
a possible dairy market. They may
and may not find what they are look
ing for. The South Africans are
thinking very hard about becoming
dairymen themselves. The Cape gov
eminent has gone so far as to appoint
a dairy expert who is bending all his
energies to stir up Interest in .dairy
lag. In some cases co-operative com
panies have been formed for cheese
making. These have been able to dis
pose of their products at fancy prices
20 to 25 cents per pound. This has
stimulated others to form like com
panies. Dairying Is not a new thing
in South Africa' by any means, but it
has not yet become a leading agricul
tural industry. The rec;nt war gave
it a backset from which it will be
some years in recovering. The great
loss of horses has affected dairying, as
it hat made it difficult to deliver milk
either to creameries or to private cus
tomers. For some years at least South
Africa will be a good market in which
to sell batter and cheese. It is likely,
however, that the nations that will
reap rich harvests are those lying in
the southern hemisphere, such as Au
stralia and New Zealand.
Some Faults of Cows.
Sometimes an otherwise excellent
cow Is rendered partially or totally
worthless for the dairy because of a
habit of leaking milk, writes C. P.
Goodrich in Patron's Hand-Book This
fault cannot always be detected un
less the milk is seen to be leaking.
It does not follow that because a cow
milks easily that she will leak her
milk; far from it Still, those that do
leak, usually milk rather easy. Some
times the milk seems to drip away
from the teats nearly as fast as it is
made and the udder is always nearly
empty. This makes a cow worthless
as a milker, but can be detected any
time except when she is dry. Other
cows do not leak until the udder is
well distended and they lie down forc
ing the milk out in a stream and mak
ing quite a puddle of milk on tho
ground or floor. Sometimes the close
observer will detect this.
Another fault that some cows have
is the habit of sucking other cows, or,
worse still, of sucking themselves. My
advice is never to buy such a cow
under any circumstances if one can
detect the fault Such a cow may
possibly be prevented from sucking,
but she can never be cured of the' in
clination to do so, and will surely be
a source of vexation.
If the cow you are looking at has a
ring in her nose, or has her nose
pierced for a ring, don't buy her. That
was done for something, and prob
ably in a vain attempt to prevent her
from sucking. If she has her tongue
slit it is for the same reason. But
no matter, she can suck just the same.
If the hair is worn off about her
head or neck, be sure that it is not
caused by some toggery put there to
prevent her sucking.'
Creameries and Skimming Stations.
Census bulletin 189: Centrifugal
separators In use by creameries were
first enumerated for the census of
1900, also for the first time, the
branch factories or separating or
skimming stations. Separators to the
number of 9,701 were returned and
2,719 branch stations of all kinds.
While cheese factories sometimes have
branches of the parent establishment
they do not have separating or skim
ming stations; all the latter class of
subsidiary establishments, and also a
part of the other branch factories,
may therefore be taken is belonging
to creameries. Hence, if to the 5.567
creameries there be added 2.050 skim
ming stations and 69 other branches,
8.28C establishments are found having
use for separators. About 1.600
creameries, therefore, use two or more
separators. The exact number which
are still operated without the centri
fuge, or upon the old cream gathering
plan, remains undetermined.
Sweet Potatoes.
The sweet potato is a native of
southern Asia and was formerly con
sidered an exclusively southern prod
uct but repeated experiments demon
strated that it might be grown in the
North with perfect succeas. It is now
quite commonly cultivated in many
sections o the North, although the
quality of the product grown In the
North is not considered equal to that
grown in the South. Northern grow
ers are obliged to tak better care of
their sweet potato crop than are
those in the south in order to insure
success and to have the tubers mature
before the advent of frost The
sweet potato is propagated from either
tubers or prouts, but the latter is the
more common and better method.
They may be grown upon any variety
of soiL but oae that i- dry warm aad
sandy will give a produr: of the' best
Duality. A sandy lc will give very
good results ia both quality and quan
tity. 'Leag Life of a Cockatoo.
A cockatoo in a far-off country was
a cheerful old pet when he was eighty
five years old.
to attend to your own busl-
Tory important point
oef"svKiti rasngjSi
We ffid Shjcoptic mange in the fel
lowing domesticated animals: Herat,
sheep, seat dog. cat aad peg, This
variety dig galleries under the outer
layer of the akin and live en the cells
of the middle layer of the skia. They
multiply in these galleries and occa
sion a very intense Inflammation of
the skin. Because of the depth to
which the Sarcoptes burrow. Sarcop
tie mange ia exceedingly hard to erad
icate. It would, therefore, seem for
tunate that this form of the disease
ia net common to cattle. It is re
bellious to all medication aad very
frequently reeurences ef the dissass
produced by this variety of mite are
seen In other species of aaimala after
treatment which has been prolonged
for months.
Concerning the transmissibllity ef
the different manges to animals and
man, we find that all Sarcoptes may
live fer an indefinite period upon
man's skin, but the common mange
mites and the tail mange mites die
very rapidly and occasion -but slight
irritation. The horse may contract
Sarcoptlc mange of the sheep, dog aad
cat The ox takes the 8arcoptes of the
horse, sheep, geat and cat The sheep
contracts Sarcoptlc mange of the goat
The deg takes the Sarcoptes ef man.
pig, cat sheep and geat The pig
contracts Sarcoptle mange of the
goat From this it will be seen that
Sarcoptle mange, unlike the common
aad tail manges. Is transmissible from
one species of animal to another.
Mange is never developed except by
contagion. The period of incubation
that Is, the interval that lapses be
tween the moment when the mites are
deposited upon the surface of the body
and the appearance of the disease oa
the skin varies according to the
number of mites transmitted. When
in small numbers, the first manifesta
tions of mange are sometimes seen
only at the end of four to six weeks,
while at other times the disease may
be clearly apparent at the end of 15
days. Contamination takes place
either by direct contact that is. im
mediate, as on pasture, at the stable,
etc or by intermediary agents.
Farmers' Bulletin 152.
Millet as Stock Feed.
As yet the feeding of millet has in
It some problems that have not been
fully worked out Among practical
feeders there are various opinions as
to its real value in the hands of feed
ers. It has the proper constituents
chemically to make It a good feed.
But the results of Its feeding are not
always good. Doubtless the ploblems
to which we have referred arise large
ly from the varying stages at which
millet Is cut and the way It Is cured.
The foxtail millets have made trouble
with a good many feeders that have
used them when they have been fed
alone. So far the trouble seems to
be a mechanical one due to the nu
merous beards and also to the fibers
of the overripe stalks. These mat
into balls and cause impaction. When
these balls become large enough to
permanently clog the intestines death
results.
But beyond the mechanical injury
there seems to be another. When
hay Is taken away from horses and
millet substituted the result is a de
rangement of the kidneys, which Is
frequently followed by lameness and
swelling of the joints. The question
Is does the millet cause an accumu
lation of uric acid, which in turn
causes the lameness? Some veteri
narians report that the bones of af
fected animals are softer than In the
case of well animals and separate
more easily. A horse so affected will
sometimes be unable to pull a heavy
load on account of the weakening
of the muscles at the points of joining
of the bones. Millet should be fed to
horses only with care, and then with
other feeds. With other stock less
injury results. Millet cured properly
is a good feed, especially if It is fed
with other kinds of feed, but care
should be exercised against making
it a sole ration.
Growth and Not Fat Required in
Young Cattle.
It Is proper to observe that young
cattle should be made to grow rather
than to fatten, that the gain in weight
should be of muscle and bone rather
than tallow. If they are to be run on
grass alone the following season, and
unless they are to be pushed for the
market This point is too often lost
sight of by those who take special
pride in the condition of their stock.
It is safe to assert however, that cat
tle may be sent to pasture in the
spring carrying much better flesh from
such feeds as oats, bran, clover or cow
peas in connection with corn, than
can those which have been fed on
timothy, corn fodder, sorghum, millet
etc, in connection with corn, for the
well known reason that the oats,
clover, etc, promote growth rather
than fat and give to the animal a suit
able frame upon which to build on
grass. These remarks are not to be
construed ss favoring keeping stock
thin or being satisfied with slow gains,
but that the gains at this stage of the
animal's life be made up as far as pos
sible of muscle and bone instead of fat
as is too often the case. Missouri Ex
periment Station Report
Bell Sheep as Car Loaders.
A story comes from Hailey, Idaho,
about three ewes and a wether that
have been taught to lead sheep into
cars in which they are to be loaded.
On each of the leaders is a bell. The
sheep that are to be loaded follow
oae of these bell sheep into the car.
,Tne owner goes with the leader to
keep the bell from ringing when the
car is full, and the bell sheep is going
oat, u that might cause the sheep
to file out again. The same sheep
have been taught to lead flocks, of
sheep through the town to the stock
yards. For these services the owners
receive a small fee, ranging from 25
to 50 cents per trip.
Captain Bernier, head of a Canadian
exploration party, will explore the
polar regloa In an automobile adapt
ed from a Russian invention. Instead
of wheels the auto will be fitted with
rollers adapted to ice-going. Such in
ventions have been used with success
on extensive ice packs, and Captain
Bernier will make use of this knowl
edge in his quest lor the north pole
Little mugs of lager, little drops of
dram are the cause of nearly ail the
trouble in the land.
sea's successes are only
fictent to make them unhappy.
IftetJi Traps Fall Spraying
" Prof. E. Dwight aadersoa. in a
letter to Secretary Geedmaa of Mis
souri, says: On August f, about 9'
p. m, I lot out a Codttag Moth In my
setting room. It new to a large
Rochester lamp as I let it out with
in four or five feet of the lamp, cir
cled around the lamp once and flew to.
another part of the room. It did not
return to the lamp that evening. Now
a Cutworm moth, or any nsetfe which
la attracted to lights, aa every one
has observed, will not only ho at
tracted by a light hut will come hack
to it again aad again. On August 7
I let out twelve moths, fifty or sixty
feet from tho Haseltlne trap light aa
oa August S, three plum trees Inter
vening between tho point aad the
light I found but one Codling Mote
in the pan the next morning, and that
che I observed to fly to the light
within a couple of minutes after tt
waa released. On another evening I
let oat a half dozen moths about fifty
feet from a light and failed to catch
any. These experiments prove to my
mind oite definitely that Codling
Moths are only attracted to light at
a distance of ten to twenty feet that
then attracted to it only when sud
denly released aad unused to the
light aa those which I note flew to
the light at once were act subsequent
ly attracted to tt Therefore, I am
decidedly of the opinion that such
trap lights would fail to catch any
considerable number of Codling Moths
unless placed so close together ia aa
orchard as to make it entirely too ex
pensive. I am more convinced of the
futility of the use of these lights by
spraying experiments conducted by
me this season in which 99 per cent
of the whole season's crop, and 96
per cent of the picked fruit was per
fect fruit Surely trap lights can not
give such results.
MM.M.MMS --tf
Pecan Tree Frauds.
We do not know that any reader at
the Farmers' Review is Interested la
the planting of Pecan trees, but as
sume that some may be. It seems
that there are just as great frauds
being perpetrated In the sale of these
trees as In the sale of other trees. A
Ixmlslana grower sends out a warn
ing letter saying that there are many
agents that are selling all kinds of
things for pecan trees, taking advan
tage of the popular iaterest in this
kind of fruit He says that one claim
of these peddlers Is that they have a
certain fertilizer that will so stimu
late the growth of the trees that It
will come into bearing at four years
ef age aad bear barrels of fruit at
eight years. Mr. James, the grower
referred to. says that pecan trees
come into bearing at eight or nine
years of age. and are never profitable
before 13 years of age. Wild pecan
trees of no particular value have also
been extensively sold to unsuspecting
buyers. Great Is the disappointment
of the growers when, after years of
labor, they find their trees bearing
nuts of no particular value. The fol
lowing advice by Mr. James is good:
Persons wishing to plant pecan
groves should write to the directors
of the various experiment stations and
find out who are the honest dealers la
pecan trees. Farmers' Review.
Spraying Strawberries.
All rust and blight are of fungus
growth which multiplies through
spores or single cell seeds, which are
carried on the leaves and during un
favorable weather, especlslly when
shower3 are followed by bright sun
shine it spreads very fast aad de
stroys the digestive powers of the
leaves. Bear in mind the leaves are
the digestive organs of the plant and
if diseased or seriously injured, the
plant can make no growth. No spores
can live when brought in contact with
Bordeaux mixture. There ere no
plants in the country free from this
scourge unless they have been thor
oughly sprayed and the spores de
stroyed. I am satisfied that If the
propagating bed Is well. sprayed dur
ing the summer with Bordeaux mix
ture the spores will be so far de
stroyed that no Injury is likely to
come to the plants after they are set
In the field. If the plants when re
ceived are covered with these spores,
and they are sure to be if they have
not been properly sprayed, and tue
weather turns wet and smtry, the
spores will develop and seriously in
jure the crop of fruit tt M. Kellogg.
Cuban Vegetables in Chicago Markets.
The appearance of Cuban vegeta
bles In Chicago market perhaps
marks the beginning of a considerable
trade in vegetables raised on that
island. Hitherto we have looked
upon the Antilles as producers of
fruits for our markets as well as
of sugar and tobacco. This year
there have appeared also onions, to
matoes, potatoes and squashes. With
good transportation facilities this
trade may become considerable. The
Island of Cuba has Immense advan
tages In the way of climate that place
her ahead of anything on our main
land, at certain seasons of the year.
It may be that sometime these Is
lands will become the great winter
garden of the United States the hot
bed also In which are to be started
tho plants that are later to develop
in northern gardens. In fact, under
scientific treatment the amount of
produce that could be raised on these
tropical islands is almost beyond
computation.
Planting on the Forest Reserves.
The Secretary of the Interior has
granted to the Department of Agri
culture the privilege of establishing
nurseries and planting on the two
forest reserves recently established
by President Roosevelt in the sand
hill region of Nebraska. Surveys are
new being mad a of both reserves, and
nursery sites will be chosen and put
In readiness for planting by the end
of the summer. The most active
work will be on the Dismal River Re
serve, where ail preparations for
nursery planting will be completed
by September, and during the fall a
large collection of forest-tree seeds
will be made. The principal species
used at flrst will be Jack Pine, West
ern Yellow Pine. White Fir aad Colo
rado Blue Spruce.
The Nebraska reserves were the
orst of this kind, and these are so
well thought of that active efforts are j
sow oeing maae in Kansas ana Cali
fornia to have similar reserves estab-
Learn to laugh. A good tough Is
girls aren't fited to drlv-
Inn
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tfent the areat tn
la the east of the teed given the.
fewla, if tfeia were so the scent tn
egga weald fee very easy to figure eat
Uafettaaataly fer tho arithmetic ef k
into the oauarlsn Oae ef
these Is the selling price ef eggs. It
makee all the difference In tho werM
to the preftts whether tho ess belaid
priaedsaiy h tfeeeatVaad mlse
winter or in the sprint, to the first
they are high in price. In tho
they are low in price. .. In
the case ef winter eggs a Urge profit
amy fee the result and in the case of
summer egga the balance is likely to
he on the wrens aide of the feeek. The
cast ef food may fee appreximately the
same In both caste. Even if it were
double in the winter what it was-in
the summer the profits would still fee
oa the side ef the winter eggs. The
proposition may fee put ia tfeia way.
A man fend a flock ef hens that pro
duced 199 desen ef eggs which seM at
15 cento a desen. Time, spring. Cost
of eggs per dosen. Ave cento, Another';
man had n flock of kens that produced '
tn the winter 199 dosen efesjga, They
esM at 99 cents per sisia, feut the.
feed cast twice aa amefe aa did .tho
food for the flock feeteaglns to the
other man. What waa the difference
In the profits? It may he taken fee
granted that a geed many men will
answer by saying "The eggs ef tho
winter flock sold for twice aa much
as did the eggs from the summer
flock, but the feed cost twice aa much.
Therefore there waa ae difference in
the profits." It is just that hind ef
lessening that keeps the mortgage en
the farm. Actually figuring out the
problem will shew that the profits
from the winter laid eggs were doable
those ef the spring told eggs. The
taestlen ef time ef year at which egga
are produced in then the first eae to
be considered In the matter ef profits.
Ia ether words the profits ia eggs
come from reversing the course ef na
ture as to the laying of eggs.
n
Duck and Geeee Culture.
It requires 2S days to hatch both
geese and duck eggs. Ducks should
be kept shut up over night In laying
season, as they lay very early la the
moralag. Keep them In the pen until
they have deposited their eggs. It per
mitted to have their liberty they some
times drop their eggs In the grass er
in the water, which then caaaet be
found. On the other hand geese will
seek a nesting place in buildings er
around stacks of straw, 'ine early
broods of ducklings and gosllags
should be hatched under heas. After
they are hatched heep them la a
small yard In which you have placed
a coop for shelter; they do much bet
ter If this is done for about two weeks
than if allowed their liberty. See to it
that they have plenty of water while
eating. Feed them often, four or five
time a day. when young. Keep young
geese aad ducks from puddling er
swimming in cold water. They should
not be allowed on ponds until the
down has changed, and even then It to
not necessary they should have a
pond. When hatched feed nothing fer
twenty-four hours. Their first food
should consist of bread crumbs soaked :
In milk. Hard boiled eggs mixed
with cooked corn meal is excellent for
a few days, after which feed any- ;
thing they will eat It le conceded by
those who have had the experience
that ducks and geese are more easily '
raised than any other kind ef poultry
and are quite as profitable. It la in
deed surprising that so many poultry
raisers are without these profitable,
birds a? an addition to their business. '
J. R. Brabrazon.
Leghorns for Meat
It has been generally supposed that
Leghorns are of value only for the
eggs they Isy and not for the meat
Yet some markets take Leghorn broil
ers in large numbers. Aa Indiana
breeder told the writer that he waa ".
shipping Leghorn broilers to New
York in large numbers. He said he
had experimented with, about ail the
leading breeds to find one that would
suit the market and make money for
the producer. Finally he settled
down to the Leghorn. The bird Is
plump and has a large proportion of
meat oc its breut Probably the Leg-
horn will never be a favorite bird for
the common trade in poultry flesh, but
it has a better chance with the fancy
trade and with the trade In broilers.
Loss ef Birds at Shows.
From the Farmers' Review: Relative
to the loss of birds st shows I will
say that I have been attending poultry
shows for the past ten years and
never lost but one bird in alL I hired
a party once to transfer some birds
from one county fair to another and
one hen escaped from a coop, but was.
captured afterward. If proper care
is taken by exhibitors and snow man
agers there need not be any losses at
alL Frank O. Johnson.
Age of Breeding Males.
How old should a male fowl be to
give the best results as a breeder?
We ask the question of our readers,
hoping to hear from them on the mat
ter. There are a great many opin
ions, but we lack verification of those'
opinions. If any of our readers have
an opinion that they can back up with
statistical or other facts let us hear
from them.
From the Range Country.
Graham County. Arizona: The
range is in very poor condition, no
grass and less water. It will be bet
ter soon, as the reiny season has just
begun. It is stocked with a few
horses, cattle, sheep and goats, mostly
cattle. The horses and cattle are ia
very poor condition, and of medium
quality. Local markets consume most
of the horses and cattle and ail of the
sheep and goats. There is too much
stock for the good of the range; and
it baa been overstocked. There are
no roots to the grass to speak of to
hold the moisture. 'Sheep aad geets
do quite well in the hills. The range
aever was worse since white men en
tered Arizona Wm. Stapley.
What's in a Name
Mr. Tank of Cleveland, ia making
prohibition speeches, but Mr. Water
man runs a distillery in Kentucky.
Hew Sound Travel.
Ia dry air sound travels 1.442 feet
per second, in water 4,900 feet, and in?
iron 17,500 feet.
He who loves and rztu away can
sgadncstssi Men
figure in a breach
come cUy.
c." promise euit
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