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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (July 9, 1902)
i n m r?i st -r-ntr-Tii-ii kiimbm . ' - UK '.' io--" 'r j v t ; - i. Is ih jt . ' - PHpi a voixano j vL CKBBPftsl H HW80sSQs n & TW fiST flK sBBKi mssssssssssssssssmC k k aVemsaS wn.imBmBBmBmm?9vBl SkB v I m MamHSsssssVatB! usT snaaacsnn -Sffis l . i i. i AT HOME WITH OLD FRIENDS. Ill weather, friend, and wild enough To spur the de'el's own nag on! OBce store from windy night and rough Around the hearth and flagon. Ab4 cttnk a- glass and pour ye strong. And sire us Shakespeare and a song! No witches of the mad Macbeth. With cold and devilish cunning. But scenes where Falataff "sweats to .death" And lards the lean earth" running! Once store call Bardolph Pistol Nym The Prince, too and a health to him! Faith! Saw ye ever such a night? Storm-racked each gnostiy game. Prominent G. A. R. John Mitchell Vanderslice. past de partment commander of Pennsylvania, Graad Amy of the Republic, was bora aear historic Valley Forge. Pa. He left Freeland seminary in Mont gomery county, where he received his education, in his seventeenth year, to enlist, at the outbreak of the war, in the Eighth Pennsylvania cavalry, with which he served with distinction until the end of the struggle, being a pris oner at Appomattox at the time of the surrender and witnessing many of the Interesting incidents of that great event. He has been for many years secretary of the regimental associa tion. At the close of the war he re turned to Freeland seminary to renew his studies In Latin and Greek. In rnJSmr m( iiiBfi The Death of Johnnie Burns Occasionally one comes across n Terse or line that unexpectedly touch es a dormant chord in the heart and bids the tear drop spring. Into the past we wander under the influence of such excitant and by-gone memor ies, then come to view pictures long since veiled even from ourselves. Memory uprises, silences upstarts, fttfe and emotion that once were real econte again to us a reality. That which in this way touches one heart bids fair to touch others, and just now a letter in print brings before the writer of these lines a. boyish face of the long ago, a childish companion, who turned his face toward the loved South, never by us his boyhood's friends, .to be seen again. But let that pass. The subject Is. "The Death of Johnnie Burns," possi bly now told for the first time in Its realistic pathos to his relatives and friends, if relatives he has yet living. Johnnie Burns was a Cincin nati boy, a hero whose name history Ignores. No shoulder straps were his part, but that he was a hero will be evident to whoever reads the story this Southern soldier, forty years af ter the boy's death, tells in his letter to the Confederate Veteran, which chances to come before my eyes. It Is a toachingly pathetic talc, and challenges thought One cannot but wonder which Baptist Sunday school in this city the boy attended, who were his loved ones, whether that Bible with the bloody finger marks on the fourteenth chapter of St John ever reached his mother. And one cannot but further wonder, after these years have passed, if in this city lives a friend to value this veteran's touch ing tribute paid to their boyish sol dier of that sad long ago. or if it strikes only empty air in the home city where once the child was a pet With a view of possibly doing a service to relative or comrade, possi bly bringing some member of the Fourth Ohio into touch with the Southern soldier who cared for a brother In blue. I presume to offer for publication this confederate's let ter concerning the death of Johnnie Burns of Cincinnati. From the Confederate Veteran: C. L. Gay, an Alabama veteran, writes that Joe T. Williams of Mont gomery, was a member of company D, Twenty-f rst Alabama regiment, and tells this: "A comrade and I were searching the battlefield of Shiloh for some missing men of our company, D, of the Twenty-first Alabama regiment In passing through a swampy thicket near where that regiment charged the Fourth Ohio regiment early in the morning, we heard the voice of a wounded man crying: "Boys! boys!" Thinking it might possibly be one of our men we went to him. He first begged for a drink of water, which I gave him out of my canteen. After he was wounded he had rolled into the edge of this thicket in order to pro tect himself from being run over by the flying ambulances, artillery and cavalry, constantly passing near. His left knee cap was entirely shot off, and he was extremely weak from the loss of blood. His pitiful appeal to help him we could not and would not resist after talking to him. His name John Burns of Cincinnati. Ohio, y B. mourui onto regiment He 1 to be carried to our field hnnl. tnL where he might receive attention. ami. If possible get word to his loving mother, being her only son. He had a small Bible In his hand, with his thumb resting inside on the fourteenth chanter of St John. His thumb being Moody it made a bloody spot on this chanter. He desired that the Bible shouH be sent to his mother, showing where he last read. " Omt field hospital being a few hun dred yards in the rear, we carried him there and requested our surgeon. Dr. Redwood of Mobile, to examine Mm, which be did la a few "minutes, shahseaital being crowded with pa- On examination tne ooctor to he fatal and his far an But Mistress Qulckly's well in sight ' And spreads a goodly table. "A plague of sighing and of grief-Better-good friends, and beer, and beef! Away now with a world of woes. Till all our wits shall tire: Dim sorrow to the black Night goes. And blithely sings the lire! Sighing and grief will turn ye gray Make merry, masters, while ye may! Ill weather but .the flame burns bright Though storm rocks roof and steeple: "Will" Shakespeare Is our guest to-night, And welcome all his people! Pile on the logs! and pour ye strong: And give us Shakespeare and a song! Atlanta Constitution. Organizer Jena Mitchell VaadersUca Has Oee4 Werk in Pennsylvania 18f.fi he entered the law office of Theo dore Cuyler and was admitted to the bar in 1SC9, and has boen in active practice ever since. He is one of the oldest members of Post 2, and served as its adjutant in 1873 and 1874. In 1S7C he was appointed by Commander James W. Latta as assistant adjutant general of the department of P3m sylvania and served in that capacity for six years, when, Ii 1882, he was elected department commander. He displayed wonderful ability as an organizer, and during his term evcral posts wore added to the department. His work extended into other states, and he was looked upon as one of the most successful organizers in the Grand Army of the Republic. In 1883 he was appointed adjutant general by Commander in Chief Robert B. Beath, and during that year the increase in membership was nearly 100,000. In 1889 he was instrumental in re organizing the Gettysburg Battle Field Memorial association, and was a di rector for sixteen years, when the field was transferred to the federal government. He was unanimously se lected by the association to write a history of its work, which included a history of the battle. He Is the au thor of "Gettysburg There and Then," which is the recognized au thority upon the battle. From 1880 to 1886 he was an active member of city councils. He is ex-president of the Society of the Netherlands, the first master workman of his lodge. Ancient Order of United Workmen, and past regent of Integrity Council of Royal Arcanum. He is also direct or of the Fredericksburg Battlefield commission. Pathetic Tale of Yoerthfaf SeMier Who Died a Hera operation. He was 18 years old. When the doctor told him there was no hope, he inquired if there were any Christians present We told him yes. In the meantime several of out comrades had gathered around him. He requested a prayer, to which one of us responded, all being deeply touched, then repeating a few line of his mother's favorite song: "There is a land of pure delight. Where saints Immortal stand." Which he requested us to sing with him. This song begun there was tak en up through the entire camps, even back among the federal prisoners. All around then bid him good-by. He handed me his Bible, and requested me to hand it to Sergeant Stevenson of company B, Fourth Ohio regiment This sergeant knew his family, and he wanted him to send it to his mother and tell her he 'died a Chris tian.' The next morning I went to the hospital and learned he was dead. " 'As his body lay there I thought his face bore the most peaceful look I ever saw. I learned this Fourth 'Ohio regiment was a part of Gen. Prentiss's brigade which we had almost entirely captured and had them corralled near our lines. I told my captain about the incident and requested a pass to the prisoners to see if I could find Sergeant Stevenson. He granted my request, and I soon located the Fourth Ohio regiment and inquired for the sergeant calling his name. He came forward to know what I wanted. I inquired if he knew Jorn Burns. He said, "Yes. have you all got him?" I replied, "No, he is in glory." I then told of his death. He was visibly af fected and I could not restrain my self. He said: "Johnnie Burns was the best boy I ever saw; he was a pet with the company. I boarded with his family in Cincinnati, Ohio, and was his Sunday school teacher In the Baptist church." Other comrades gath ered near and heard of his death, all being very much affected, and ex pressed their gratitude to me for what I had done. During my entire service of three years I frequently noticed the fondness which existed between Ohio and Alabama soldiers. "'This narrative I have frequently told, and now. in my declining years, I desire it published. After the bat tles are over there still exists that tender tic between mankind and hu man sympathy which is wondrous kind.' "John Uri Uody in Cincinnati Enquirer. Butterflies and Birds. Of all the "children of the air" that gladden a June day, the monarch but terfly is one of the most noticeable. Its wings shimmer like gold alloyed with copper as it pursues its lazy flight in the sunshine. The male mon arch is a true dandy and carries on each hind wing a black sachet bag containing a strong perfume, most attractive to the other sex. The mon arch is immune from bird enemies; the callow birdling that takes a bite from it wipes, his beak in disgust and forever after connects the noi some taste with orange wings. A too hasty conclusion, of which the viceroy butterfly takes advantage, and, by don ning the monarchVuniform, escapes scatheless, although any bird might find it a beaksome morsel. Country Life in America- Moving Matches. Put a few matches on the surface of water in a basin in such a way that they will form a star, with their heads toward the center, thrust a piece of soap, pointed at the end into the wa ter at the center of the star, and you will find that the matches will begin to move away as if they were afraid of the soap. Tou can coax them back by putting a piece of sugar in the center. Only one subaltern in every 1,086 can hope to become a field marshal. Do not try to do business for your health. It Is hard on tne business, and does not help the health any. - - M7JTJ In Selecting Feeders. Quality. We may well dtotingatoh Mtweea what might be called (a) gen eral quality and (b) handling quality, (a) General quality. By general qual ity Is meant general reflaement of ex ternal conformation as seen la the head, horn; bone, compactness and smoothness of outline. General qual ity la affected by nothing so much as breeding; la fact the two are very closely associated. We seldom flnd good quality in a plainly bred steer and we generally flnd it in the well bred, high grade animal. The desir ability of general quality can not be too strongly emphasized. While it Is a characteristic that involves many points and is difficult to describe. Its presence or absence is quickly dis cerned by the trained eye of the in telligent buyer. It is this characteris tic In the stackers and feeders more than any other we depend upon as in dicating that the animal has within it the possibility of making a market topper or at any rate a prime steer. The ablUty to select stackers aafl feeders having within them the possi bility of making prime steers is one of the first and most important lessons for the stockman to learn. Profits in steer feeding come not so much from skill In feeding and management as from Intelligent buying and selling. The profit resulting from an increase during the fattening period, of the value per pound of the total weight af the animal it as important as that resulting from the method employed in the feeding and management It is seldom possible to produce at a profit gains which do not iacrease the value per pound of the total weight of the animal. Hence the importance of in telligent buying, or the selection of feeders and stackers of good quality. (b) Handling quality. Good han dling quality indicates that the pos sessor Is a good feeder. It shows that the animal is in good health or thrift ind capable of beginning to gain aa 3oon as an abundance of food Is sup plied. We speak of cattle as possess ing good handling quality when the skin is mellow and loose. A thick, mossy coat of hair of medium fineness and a moderately thick skin are also desirable. Prof. Herbert W. Mum ford. The Battle of Grass and Weeds, The dominant vegetation existing in any section of country, if left to it self, usually repels invaders. The rea-' son that certain kinds of plants only ire found growing predominantly any where is because, for the time being, they are best fitted to survive under local conditions. Those less well fit ted are crowded out, and perish. In an old plant region, as a forest or a prairie, vegetation of a particular sort has established Itself as the result Of centuries of competition with other plants contesting for the same space. Seeds of invading species, however, nay He dormant for some time In the soil, awaiting the clearing of the land to germinate and grow. Notice the new plants that appear where land is cleared of trees or sod and left to lt jelf. So long as the conditions in na me surrounding the wild prairie ;rass remain the same, they will con tinue to grow in about the same pro portions and to about the same extent Man, however, changes natural condi tions violently. By breaking sod and putting In crops he opens places which afford room for strange plants, weeds, the seeds of which are carried thence to neighboring grazing land. Even then they will not drive out the wild grasses if the latter are left to themselves. On the contrary, if a farm is abandoned, weeds may riot for a few years la the broken toad, hat the sod retakes the soil eventually in the prairie regions, and the weeds are crowded out H. F. Roberts. Sweet Clover as a Soil AmetioranL Bulletin 233, Ohio Station: Those who have carefully observed the hab its of the wild sweet clover (other arise known as Bokhara clover or mel Hot) have noticed that its volunteer growth is practically confined to road sides where the surface soil has been scraped away or where the ground has been puddled by trampling, and to sim ilar locations elsewhere, such as the bottoms of abandoned brickyards or places in pasture fields where the soil has been trampled while wet, or hill sides from which the surface soil has been washed away. It is practically never found invading pastures or other lands which have been kept in good condition. At the Ohio Experi ment Station the seeus of this plant have repeatedly been sown on soils which were merely thin, but not washed or puddled, but Invariably without success. The only case in which it has been induced to grow was where it was sown on the bottom Df an old brickyard at Columbus in 1888. Here full stand and vigorous growth was obtained, and the crop was allowed to stand and re-seed itself jntil the fall of 1891, when it was plowed under and the land sown to wheat The result was a yield of 26.9 bushels of wheat per acre on the land where melilot had grown, against a yield of 18.6 bushels oa similar land alongside, which had been cropped with corn and oats the two season's previously. Developing the Rice Industry. The work of iatrodudag new plants Into this country Is proving exceed ingly beneficial from a commercial standpoint The introduction of rice from Japan a few years ago illus trates this. Secretary Wilson in a recent report said: In my last report attention was called to the fact" that the Introduction of Japaaese rice re sulted in aa Increased production, amounting to -at least 81.000,000, of this commodity: la .Louisiana, and fur thermore, that the Impetus given to the work ia Louisiana aad Texas tod to the Investment of not less than 820.000,009 ia the Industry. "In 1900 about 8,000,000 pounds more rice were produced than in 1899. aad this year 65,000,000 pounds more were produced than In 1900. With the rapid la crease ia our owa production the Im portation of rice from foreign coun tries is falling off, as shown by the fact that ia three years the imports have decreased from 154.000,000 pounds to 78,00999 pounds. All the increase in home production can not, of course, be ascribed to the depart meat's introduction and distribattoa of Japanese rice, bat the great im petus to its production In this coun try was given by the department's in, traduction three years ago. Evi dently it will he hat a few years until the United-States will" not only grow all the rice consumed here, hat will export part of the product as well. . Sugar Beet Pulp as Feed. Bulletin 193. of the Michigan sta tion, says: the establishment of hast sugar factories in Michigan has tar nished farmers a new stock food la the shape of beet pulp. This palp Is clean in appearance, almost odorless, very wet and heavy, but reaoily eaten by all kinds of live stock. As the palp leaves the factory, it passes through a press which removes some of the wa ter, but leaves from 89 to M pounds of water to each hundred pounds of palp. In Germany pre, s have been Intro duced which reduce the per cent of water to 80. Where each hundred pounds of pulp is made up of ft pounds of water and 19 pounds of dry matter It is evident that a toa of it will have but 200 pounds of dry matter. If by the use of Improved presses a palp can be produced by the fac.orlas one hundred pounds of which shall con tain bat 80 pounds of water, with M pounds of dry matter, it is evideat that a ton of it will contain 400 aonads of dry matter. In other words, re garding the water as of no value, a ton of the pressed pulp is worth, as far as content of dry matter is con cerned, twice as much as a ton of the palp as found -in the piles of the mate rial at the factories in Michigan. Ex periments in this country and abroad have shown conclusively that while the addition of a succulent food to a ration otherwise made up of dry feeds, prodrces results Indicating a value to the succulent food out of all proportion to its content of dry mat ter, forcing an animal to consume an undue amount of water results in a positive loss. It is, therefore, to be hoped that ere long the factories, upon finding a demand for the pulp as a stock food, will so prepare it as to leave In it no greater per cent of wa ter than 80. Many of the Michigan factories han dle as high as 600 tons of beets per. day, turning out fully 300 tons of pulp. The average campaign Is not less than 90 days. It is safe t estimate the annual output of beet pulp In this state with the present 13 factories, as fully 300,000 tons. The economical utiliza tion of this vast amount cf material Is therefore a question of considerable moment At nearly all the factories the great bulk of the pulp Is left to decay where it is dumped by the con veyor. Injurious Inbreeding. A practice that has been extensive ly tried in the past is that of in-and-in breeding mating near relations, as sire and offspring, etc. The history of the greatest breeders the world has ever known has shown it to bean un desirable practice, resulting in lack of constitution, infertility, and weakness. Bakewell, Booth, the Collingses, and even Cruickshank, In a measure, re sorted to In-and-in breeding, with the hope that it would produce the ideal animals they desired. Yet in every case they found it necessary to intro duce fresh blood into their herds is order to save them from ruin. The close inbreeding practiced by Thomas Bates resulted in placing a stain on the name of Bates cattle that it has takea generations to overcome, notwith standing that Bates was, perhaps, the most wonderful breeder of the nine teenth century. We must have fresh blood in our herds; otherwise there will result deterloriatlon lack cf stamina, size, and general quality. If one wishes to breed within certain family lines, then it Is wiser to prac tice line breeding, keeping as far from inbreeding as possible, and yet using the blood relationship of animals within the same general family. A Hog House. Mv nle house Is 200 feet long by thirty-two feet wide, with eight foot. driveway through the middle, Tnat leaves an eight-foot pen on each side. These pens are used for sows to far row in and for finishing up fat hogs. I put from four to six In each pen, according to size, so they cannot pile up. We drive through the center to clean up and put in bedding. I have no floors of any kind in this house. Cement is too cold; stone is too hard to lie on; wooden floors will swell and retain urine, which will freeze, and this also makes it cold. I fill up with sandy soil, so that water cannot run in from the outside. It is the warmest floor that I know of. This house is so situated that stock can go to their different pastures, and also come into it for shade in hot weather. To the center of the build ing I have attached an addition, six teen by thirty-two feet, in which I keep ground feed, a water tank, feed tank. cob bin and a steamer. We scald feed in very cold weather, and take the chill from the water. Wa ter is forced into the tank by wind power. Theodore B. Mead. Age and Gain in Weight, A swine raiser needs to be some thing of a scientist and an observer to be able to determine just when a hog is making his most profitable gains. This period does not begin as soon as the pig comes into the world nor does it last till the pig Is ready to die of old age. The pig is like a plant At first he grows very slowly and the gain being made Is not very perceptible. As he grows older the rate of gain per day Increases till by the time he is two months of age he is beginning to make money for his owner. This period of profitable gain lasts for perhaps eight months, when a decline in rate of gain sets in. This brings the pig to the age of 10 months, at which time it will be found profitable to dispose of him. The old custom of keeping a hog till he was eighteen months old was long since abandoned by scientific breed ers. Horses In Australia. The number of horses in Australasia Is placed at the following for the year 1899, the last year of which we have any report: New South Wales, 482, 200; Victoria, 431,547; Queensland, 479,127; South Australia, 189,385; Western Australia, 65,918; Tasmania, 31,189; New Zealand, 261,931;. total. 1,932,247. The total value is placed at 883.732,999. Horses In. that part of the world have increased very greatly in the last forty years, as Is seen by the following: 1861, '459370; 1871. 782.558: 1881. 1.249,765; 18JL 1,785.835; 1899. 1,932,247. Queensland shows the greatest Iacrease, the num ber being about thirty times greater than, ia 1861. - The lakes on the Mangishlabe pen insula in the Caspian sea are sweet smelling, owing to the presence of violet-scented seaweed. Hand Separator Cream. Prof. E. W. Curtis, at a Kansas con vention said: The farmer that has been ia the habit of separating his milk oa the farm will not again go to hauling his milk to the creamery. He avoids hauling. The skim milk from a hand separator is more suitable for calf feed than is whole milk. On the other hand, the cream separated by the hand separator to not so good as the cream the creameryman separates from the whole milk brought to him. We can't get the patrons to take care of their cream. We can get some of our patrons to do that at first, but they soon flnd out that they get no more for their milk than do the pa trons whose cream Is brought to the factory ia poor condition. Wa have triad scoring, bat that has not proved successful. We arenow baying cream both by the Babcock test aad by the acidity test, paying less for the cream that has too much acid. The time is coming when there will be a pasteur ising establishment In every village of the state. Ia that case only sweet milk can be taken, for It will have to be received sweet to be successfully pasteurised. Q. What does it cost to gather the cream separated by the hand separa tor? A. I find that my summer make to four times what It to In winter. Prob ably the, average cost of hauling to about 1 cents per pound of butter fat A farmer: 1 am a patron of a creamery and have a hand separator. I have been getting six cents per pound more for my milk than those that haul their own milk to market, and 1 have the sweet skim milk to feed to my calves. Uniformity in Butter. Uniformity in butter Is one of the most difficult tilings to be obtained, yet It Is ono of the things that the market demands. It Is claimed that the British market Is even more ex acting iu this regard than to our own market The foreigner demands that he receive the same kind of but ter each time, for he wants to know that It Is good, and how can he know that it is good unless it be uniform? Moreover, the taste becomes educated to a certain product, and demands to be catered to- The grocer that goes Into a commission house to purchase a large lot of butter will take what he knows to be uniform, and that only. As soon as he finds butter that Is not uniform he to afraid of it. It requires uniformity to give confi dence. The butter makers on the farm have to face the same condltioa of things that to faced by the makers of. creamery butter, If they want to sell their butter on the open market Uniformity can be attained only by scientific methods, and these meth ods are within the reach of every per son that cares to make the effort to have his butter product uniform. Guesswork will need to be dropped and exact measurements substituted. The salo must be weighed into a known weight of butter. The ther mometer must be used both in the ripening of the cream and at churning time. The acid test must be under stood and utilized. In fact, the per son that desires a uniform product cannot afford to neglect any detail of operation to secure that uniformity. The English Buying American Cows. The agent of a large creamery es tablishment In England to In this cuntry purchasing cows to ship home. He says that the English have buen for some time purchasing cows is. the European countries, but espe cially in Holland. It has, however, buen found difficult to secure enough cows of the kind needed, and so he has crossed the Atlantic for that pur pose. It is a pity that American dai rymen find it advisable to sell cows to go across the water. We need in this country all the best cows as breeders. It may well be feared that American dairymen will sell the best they have In this line, as the English will pay enough to make it an object to do so. It is reported that cows are very much higher in price in Eu rope than In this country, and that Is a disturbing factor viewed from the standpoint of the American dairy Industry. It to to be hoped that this buying will not become popular with Europeans, as it pays the American far better to sell the products of our dairy cows than to sell the machines that produce the dairy products. Paying for Fat and Casein. In Prince Edward's Island some of the cheese factories have adopted the plan of paying patrons for not only the fat In the milk but also for the casein. According to the rules that have been adopted by most of the factories in this country purchase by fat content only to practiced. This seems to be the correct method. It has been shown that the relative casein and fat con tent of milk to about constant This Is the case with normal milk. Of course if a man skims his milk and and then sells it by the Babcock test he himself Is the loser of a part of the casein. But this factor to unim portant as it to not likely that many farmers that send milk to cheese fac tories skim off a part of the cream. We can see no, particular advantage In taking the casein into consideration when buying milk for anything, pro vided that milk be bought on the Babcock test Improving the Land Through Feeding. On many of the European farms the owners plan to feed their animals rich food for the purpose of Indirect ly benefiting the land on which the droppings are to go. Immense quan tities of cotton seed meal and linseed cake are yearly fed to cattle and the high-priced land ttmsimproved. What is a good thing for the European farm ers should be a better thing for farm ers on this side of the water, because we are at the base of supplies. The Europeans have to buy these rich .feeds very largely from the United States. They pay the cost or trans porting across the water and over railroads, aad for handling several times, besides the toll to the various middlemen under whose charge it comes at various times.. We should take .into consideration the manurial value of the things we buy for our cattle and other stock, with the ob ject of obtaining manure as rich as possible In fertility most needed on the land. Thirty-seven per cent of the world's tobacco crop is raised la the United States. See that slime does aot accumulate in the drinkinc dishes of the fowls. "set Pronto hi Strawmerrlsa, It to Interesting to go back la mind to the time when strawberry growing first became popular la this country. The real interest In straw berry raising began just before the Civil War. Strawberries of the cul tivated varieties were then very un common. The wild ones sold for par haps 10 cents a quart When the improved varieties came late the market they commanded a vary high price, especially just before or after the natural season for the wBa ones. By the end of the war the profitable culture of strawberries was drawlag a good deal of attention. Men made from 8600 to $800 oa single acres of ground. The phenomenal profits In duced thousands to rash tote the business. Ia time the prices dropped so that many cultivators that weat la with high hopes of making great for tunes abandoned the business tn dis gust Following that came a seasoa when the industry of strawberry grow ing had settled down to a commercial enterprise oa commercial ttaes, where it has remained ever since. Though the profits are aot now phe nomenal, yet they are sufficient to Insure a continuance of the vary taraa supplies of the most popular of all berries. Biting and Sucking Insects. Briefly stated, there are two 'classes of Insects biting and sucking. The latter group Includes those Insects which Injure the plants by inserting their tube-like mouth parts lata the plant tissue and draw ap the sap of the plant Common forms of these iasects are the scale Insects, red spiders, wooley aphis sad other plant lice. The reme dy must be one that kills by contact with the Insect body such as kerosene, kerosene emulsion and the soap aUx tures. The biting insects are those which chew and swallow some portion of the plant or fruit- The grass-hopper, many beetles and the codling moth larva) are good illustrations. The di rect poison, such as Paris green or other arsenicals, which can he applied to the part of the plant that Is eaten by the Insect are the surest remedies. New Mexico Experiment Station. The catalpa tree Is growing in favor as a tree for fence posts. It Is a quick grower, as trees go, aad the wood will last a long time when used for fence posts. Hardy varieties only should be grown. The reason why more trees are not planted Is that it takes too long to bring them to any size. The farmer wants quick returns. Sweet Corn. Sweet corn for family use should be planted at different times throughout the season, that the users may have It coming on at convenient periods. The same to true if green corn to to be sold In the market There are sev eral advantages in the raising of sweet corn. One of them to that sweet corn can be harvested much cheaper than can field corn, as the harvesting consists only In going through the fields and snapping off the ears that are ready to use. Another advantage Is that the stalks may be fed green to the milch cows, and will produce a large revenue In that way, provided n farmer have several cows that are giving milk. The fact that it does not all reach marketable size at the same time makes It far easier to han dle the crop than to the case with field corn. In addition, there Is no fear of fall frosts, for the corn does not have to be ripened and thus makes the necessary growth In a much shorter season than does the field crop. In fact, sweet corn can be grown much farther north than can the corn for common uses. The Dust Spray. It to reported from Missouri that a good deal of dust spraying was done last year, but with what result we do not know. However, it Is believed that dust spraying does not prove as effective as does spraying with liquids. The dust to made by air-slaking ten pounds of lime and adding to it one pound of Bordeaux mixture In three quarts of water. The lime absorbs the liquid portion to such an extent that dust results that can be used in the dust sprayers. Some of the ex perimenters say that while It to true that the dust spray to not so good as the liquid spray, yet three sprayings with the dust spray can be given with the same amount of labor required to give one treatment of the liquid spray ing. The dust spray Is still in the ex perimental stage. If any reader of the Farmers' Review has used it we would be pleased to hear from him relative to its success in bis. case. Starting Cantaloupes. Cantaloupes can be started In hot houses and afterward transferred to the fields. In some vineyards the practice to followed of sowing one seed in a box the size of a cigar box and allowing It to develop to good size before transplanting. The boxes are then taken to the field and the sides and ends torn off, the bottoms being left to hold the roots In place. When placed In the ground the plants go on growing as If nothing had hap pened, for the pieces of boards re maining do not prevent the spread of the roots laterally. The advantages of this method are several. One of them to that while the plants are un der glass they are protected from their Insect enemies and make a good growth. After they become strong and vigorous. Insects do them little harm. Of course'another advantage is that the melons are ripened several weeks earlier than they otherwise wouli be. Setting Apple Trees. From the Farmers' Review: In your issue of May 2i I read anarticle on orchard management. In7 which Mr. Aldrich advises setting trees leaning to the Southeast This presents a new phase as to leaning trees. Neither southeast nor southwest to ad visable. It to my experience that It should lean toward the sun at be tween half-past twelve and one o'clock. Edson Gaylord, Iowa Result cf Sunday Closing. In Cardiff, Wales, before the sa loons were closed on Sunday, with a population of 80.000, there were sixty-two convictions for Sunda) drunkenness In 1881. Last year, with a population of 170,000, there were but nine cases. For a quarter of a century no new houses have been built In the Susse? (England) village or Slindon. Relations between the milkman sue the hydrant are frequently stralaed. About thirty miles from the port of acajutla, in Central America, there to generally In a stole of eruption a luge volcano called Izalco. At night when lying la the harbor of Acajetto. ou may see him every twenty or Airty minutes cover his summit with & mantle of glowlag lava. . So far. welL That Is exactly what the people of the state keep a careful watch over, and they go to sleep witn sense of security as long as he to ia 3rupUoa. But If he stops for a few hours then they are alarmed, as from centuries of traditional experience they look for a tremendous explosion 'soon, aad they put it dowa to this rea son: In the mountain, they say, lives one big devil with a very large family, for which he finds it difficult to pro vide, aad over whom he has much trouble la exercising control. As n consequence there are times whea the big devil's larder to empty, the kitch en Are goes out. or some one In the Gen. Lee's Idea as M Destruction of Ike Maine Gen. Fitzhugh Lee recently gave his theory regarding the destruction of the battleship Maine. After relating the circumstances of the explosion and de scribing the scene of fire and carnage he witnessed, on visiting the locality a few minutes after the event he said: "My theory is that it was done by young officers who hnd been attached toWeyler. After the catastrophe they disappeared. Young officers of the (Spanish) army did not take the trou ble to hide their pleasure over the hor rible affair. Many of them dropped their usual potations of red wine nnd opened bottles of champagne In the cafes. The government of Cuba im mediately tried to forestall European opinion by sending a dispatch which stated that the explosion had been caused by the carelessness of the Americans themselves. As 'to that I want to say that the keys to the mag azine of every American man-of-war are brought to the captain aad are hung on hooks nt the head of his bed so that he can know where they arc all the time. "When the divers went to work on the Maine Capt 8igsbee said to them: "Go lato my cabin aad see if the keys to the magazine are hanging where they ought to be." The divers came WWMMMWWWWWMAWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW sweeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee i VOWS OF JILTED LOVERS Hun Acts at Btaaanlment 1 Vnfbrtumavta Swains V Jilted twenty years since on the eve of his marriage, a Haddersfield gentle man vowed that he would never again so long as he lived speak to a woman. To the day of his death, which oc curred two years back, be kept his word, exception not being made even in the case of his sisters. Nor did his resentment cease with life, for when his will was read it was found that only to his male relatives did any ben efit accrue, says London Tit-Bits. On his marriage morn a Mr. A received a callous note from his fiancee breaking off the match. So affected was he by this abrupt intima tion that he swore that he would never again open a letter. Despite every ar gument he stuck to his determination so that all messages had to be deliv ered by word of mouth, or. should they come from a distance, by telegram a form of communication which, some what inconsistently, was not Included under the ban. In one of the largest cemeteries at Vienna stands a handsome monument erected to the memory of the lady whose eulogy it bears. It was placed there by an eccentric bachelor, who, having in his youth been jilted by the deceased, swore that if he could aot lAAAnn)VVII........ THREW AWAY HIS TROUSERS Station Agent's Accurate Shot Left Him in a Dilemma. ' He bad been a brakeman on the G N railway, but. owing to In juries received in the service, had been given a less hazardous position as station agent at a small place on the line of the road. His entire ward robe consisted of one suit of clothes, and he was patieatly awaiting the next payday to -get the wherewithal to purchase another. The fast mall and express, which was due at midnight was reported four hours late, so he thought he could get in a pretty fair night's rest by set ting his alarm clock about an hour ahead of the time when the train was likely to come, as he needed little time to perform the only duty required !of him. viz., to see that the sack of mail was properly hooked to the crane, so that the extending arm of the fast mail car would surely catch it as the train went by. The alarm clock, of course, upon this occasion, failed to work, and he was awakened by the shrieking of the whistle of the engine as It warned the station of the coming of the train. He jumped for the sack and his trousers, grabbed both, rushed out on the plat form, made an accurate throw, and whiz! away sped the train. He turned to pick up his trousers, when he found he had thrown them upon the crane, and they had gone in place of the mail. As to whether or not he dressed in the mail sack . But enough said. The Drawer, Harper's Magazine for June. His Qualifications. He was pleading his cause earnest ly. "I am wealthy," he said, "and could make ample provision for you." She nodded and checked one point off on her fingers. "I have had experience with the world," he continued. She checked off another point "I have passed the frivolous point" he went on. "and I have the steadfast ness, the age and the wisdom to guard and guide you well." "The points you make are strong ones." she said, s'but they lead unde viatiagly to the conclusion that you would make an excellent father for me. Tou have all the necessary quali fications, but just now I am looking far a husband. fiery hoaseheld hai with no medicine to hand. So reasoning hi this way they take food, chickens and baaaaas. some medicine, aad cautiously approach aa aear the mouatala as they dare ven ture. Then they light a Are. place the fold beside it aad hasten away to a safe distance to watch and see what will happen. If Isalcd agate com mences to eject lava they are relieved aad cry: "Ah, ha! The devil to happy again. See. he to getting his supper." And then they go to a cock fight or start a revolution In perfect contentment But if Isaico does not begin to smoke and get his supper, then they take flight away oat of reach of his vengeance until his angry humor has passed over; aad really their way of predicting n catastrophe seems to be as good as any other. The of great often produces great to the 1 imtiiimmmmiiiimiii up with the keys. They had found them hanging by the side of the cap tain's bed. Furthermore, the investi gation brought out .that the plates of the fore part of the ship were bent upward, showing clearly that the force of the explosion had been di rected from the bottom. The court of inquiry heard plenty of testimony which showed that there had been two expkwicns, one when the torpedo went off aad tore its way to the ship's mag azine and the other when the maga zine exploded with n roar." The real cause of the destruction of the Maine is still a mystery, though there is strong reason for accepting Gen. Lee's view. The report of the United States court of naval Inquiry sustained the theory of aa outside ex plosion, but said "the court has been unable to obtain any evidence fixing the responsibility for the destruction of the Maine upon any person or per sons." The solution of such mysteries comes In time, says the Indianapolis Journal, and probably this one will be solved when those who are in posses sion of the secret think the right time has come. A truly great name was never bought at the price of n good one. aael eat Placard hy wed he would at all events bury her. And he kept his word: for the lady, having fallen upon evil days, died In the direst poverty, and but for her old lover's strange oath woHld have been interred in a pauper's grave. Though her locks were red. the daughter of a south country doctor, like the heroine of Wilkie Collins novel "Armadale." was a very hand some woman, who played fast and loose with men's hearts, aad among them with that of a Manchester mer chant, who, when his hopes were at their zenith, found Himself thrown over in favor of a rival. His resent ment assumed a curious form, for from that hour not only would he not suffer aught approaching in color to the pronounced auburn of the false one's tresses to remain within his house, but he swore that he would dis inherit his two sisters, whose hair was perilously near the proscribed hue, un less they should adapt their appear ance to the exigencies of his whim. They did so, and by calling art. in the form of a certain dye, to their aid. happily averted the catastrophe. Usually the little things are the last we are willing to leave to God. fWWWMWWMWWWMMMAM HISTORY OF SELL FOUNDING For Centuries Art Was in the Hands of the Menka. Like most other arts and crafts, bell founding was for some centuries almost exclusively confined to the monks. St Dunstan was a skillful workman, and was said by Ingulphus to have given bells to the western churches. Later on. whea a regular trade had been established, some bell founders wandered from place to place; but the majority settled in the large towns, principally Loadon. Glou cester. Salisbury. Norwich. Bury St. Edmunds and Colchester. It was long a fixed Idea that silver mixed with the bell metal improved the tone, but that is now considered incorrect. The "Acton Nightingale" and "Silver Bell" two singularly sweet bells at St. John's college, Cambridge are said to have a mixture of silver; but, if true, this is not believed by competent au thorities to be the cause of their beau tiful tone. This idea led to the story of the Monk Tandlo concealing the Sliver given him by Charlemagne and casting the bell in the monastery of St Paul of inferior metal, whereupon he was struck by the clapper and killed. In the ninth century bells were made in France of Iron; they have been cast In steel, aad the tone has been found nearly equal In fine ness to that of bell metal, but. having less vibration, was deficient In length; and thick glass bells have been made which give a beautiful sound, but are too brittle to long withstand the stroke ot the clapper. What She Would Say. They were seated oa the sofa in the parlor. His false, curling mustache was very near to the painted roses on her cheeks. He was doubtful, after all, whether notwithstanding the innumerable vows of undying devo tion that bad passed between them, he really loved her with the twenty-two carat, ten-ton power that he ought to. if be was to regard her as his future wife, and he wondered how he could break the news gently. So la a very low voice he said: "What would you say. darling if I should ten yon that yon can never be mine?" "I should say. pet" she answered, "that I've got a alee bundle of your letters that would help to make It expeaaive for yea, 1 H :? ST" I- n - - M
