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FARM AND GARDEN.
'MATTERS OF INTEREST TO AG
CULTUMSTS. mm Cp-te-Uate tUata
athm wT Uw Sett
f BTortlcaltare. TlttwltMt
Oatleek for Frail.
W. H. Wylie,-Obio: The outlook for
fruit Is fair, as the trees went through
the wlater well.
H. M. Dunlap. Central Illinois: The
oatlook for tree fruits is good. This
applies to apples, pears, cherries and
plums. Peach buds are dead.
R. I Holsaan, Ohio: The prospect
for fruit is poor and the general crop
will act be over 50 per cent of an
average. Peaches are entirely gone.
There will be some plums and cherries
and a part crop of apples.
Prof. H. C Price, Iowa: From pres
ent indications the prospect for fruit
the cosilag season is very good. Tb
apple, plum and cherry blossoms are
in good condition. Peach blossoms
are killed and some of the more tender
varieties of plum and cherry, but on
the whole, I think the prospects are
very good.
T. E. Goodrich, Southern Illinois:
The outlook is good for all tree fruits
except peaches. The peach crop will
be light A few buds are ready to
break out into blossoms, but not
enough for a crop. Pears and apples
promise welL Trees are leaving, out
Warm rains during the past two days
March 26, 27) are bringing out the
grass and brightening the color of the
wheat.
Professor John T. Stinson, Missouri:
The prospects for an apple crop in
South Missouri are good, reaches are
killed over Central Missouri, but as
far south as Koshkonong and also in
the southwestern portion of the state
they promise a good crop. At some
points, for instance Kashkonong, the
report is that the crop promises to be
full.
Professor Albert Dickens, Kansas:
Apples promise very well, except in
some old orchards which bore extra
heavy crops in '01; young orchards
generally in good condition. Cherries
and native plums promise well; Japan
ese plums considerably damaged. Apri
cots badly damaged. Peaches in
northern part of the state, buds killed;
conflicting reports from the southern
part, probably seriously injured.
CelUvatlea or Orchard.
Professors of the Vermont station
have been Investigating the orchards
of Addison county in that state. In
part their report states:
The statistics of culture, however,
show more strikingly the condition of
the apple growing business in Addi
son county. Out of 42 representative
apple growers whose orchards were
personally examined by the agent cf
the Experiment station, only eight, or
less than one-fifth, give any cultiva
tion to the ground. The others grow
their apple trees in grass, and often
pasture or mow the grass at that.
This is altogether wrong and unprof
itable. It was once a debatable ques
tion whether an apple orchard should
be cultivated or not; but it is debata
ble no longer. The cash returns set
tled that By way of comparison it
may be said that there is hardly an
orchard, large or small, in Grand Isle
county which is not now annually cul
tivated with the plow and harrow.
Probably the greatest reform to be
made ia Addison county apple grow-
tag lies in the cultivation of the land.
Apples can be grown in sod, to be
sure; but it is absolutely certain that
in ninety-nine cases out of a hundred,
better fruit can be grown and a great
er profit realized if the soil is properly
cultivated. Proper cultivation, accord
ing to the generally accepted doctrine
of the time, consists of plowing the
land early in the spring, and in lol
lowing this with a surface cultivation
with spring-tooth or cutaway harrow
every ten days till July first By that
time the wood is done growing and
cultivation should be stopped. Then
a cover crop of clover, eight pounds to
the acre, or of peas, two bushels to
the acre, or of buckwheat, one bushei
to the acre, should be sown. The cover
crop holds its place untouched till the
following spring, when it is turned
under at the annual plowing.
Exariaeata with Wheat.
At the Tennessee Experiment sta
tion the results of fertilizer experi
ments with winter wheat after bare
fallow show that the cost of the in
crease per bushel was 19 cents, with
250 pounds of acid phosphate per acre
in two applications, 26 cents with ten
tons of barnyard manure applied in
1900 and 5 tons in 1901. and 32 cents
with an application of 50 bushels of
.lime in 1900; while accompanied by a
.crop of cowpeas plowed under, 50
bushels of lime applied in 1900 reduced
the cost of increased yield per bushel
to 16 cents. 250 pounds of basic slag to
17 cents, and the same amount of Ten
nessee and South Carolina acid phos
phates to 19 and 20 cents. Where bare
fallow was followed for two years the
cost of the increase with these phos
phates was 42.39 and 34 cents per
bushel, respectively. The phosphates
gave good results in all cases, but the
application of muriate of potash alone,
of blood and bone, and 100 bushels of
lime alone "were unsatisfactory. The
complete ready-mixed fertilizers were
unprofitable and the complete home
mixed fertilizers were not so econom
ical as either phosphates, lime or barn
yard manure. On impoverished soil a
home-mixed application of 50 pounds
nitrate of soda, 100 pounds acid phos
phate and 25 pounds muriate of pot
ash gave the best results. Cowpeas
gave the best returns when pastured
off on the land, and the next best when
made Into hay. Plowing under cow
peas on poor soil is considered as al
ways profitable.
iOTWtltWtleM hi BtlUMri.
" The government summary of the
work of the Missouri Fruit Experi-
meat station, under the direction of
Prat John T. Stinson. says: During
the first year's operation of this sta
tion about forty acres of land were
brought under cultivation, twenty of
which were planted ia test orchards.
Experiments in crossing strawberries
have been undertaken, and some
praying experiments on a commercial
scale for the control of apple scab and
bitter rot carried out in a neighbor
ing orchard. " Eighty varieties of ap
ples, IM peaches, 41 grapes and 36
strawberries -were set out Apple cab
on the varieties Ben Davis and Hunts
man, was almost entirely prevented by
spraying with Bordeaux mixture. Bit
ter rot -was more difficult to control
with Bordeaux mixture. Is oae ex
periment on Ben Davis sprayed five
times, fit per cent of. ihe 'fruit was
free from bitter lot. while on control
trees only llA per cent was free from
it -la another part of the. orchard 78
peresat of the fruit s,sprayed four
times was free from the rot, while oa
ansprayed trees all bat 14 per eeat
was affected. The variety Huntsman,
which was sprayed three times daring
the season gave 83 per cent free from
bitter rot and 92 per cent free from
apple scab, while oa unsprayed trees
but 48 per cent was free from bitter
rot and 69 per cent free from apple
scab.
Hibh Mid Fertility.
Growing wheat continuously on land
depletes the nitrogen and humus In it
in addition to what Is taken P by
the crops themselves. Jast how this
depletion takes place we do not know,
but it does take place to a surprising
degree. This fact largely accouats for
the rapid deterioration of lands de
voted exclusively to wheat growing
and to summer fallow. This latter
practice, though hoary i age, is a
greater waster of nitrogen and of hu
mus than is even wheat growing. At
St Anthony's Park, Minnesota, a plat
of ground that was used in the grow
ing of wheat continuously for eight
years lost 1,700 pounds of nitrogen.
Of this only 300 pounds was taken up
by the wheat crop. Four times as
much nitrogen was lost by soil and air
as was used by the wheat That
meant a loss of 1,400 pounds, which
was more than one-fifth of all the ni
trogen In the soil at the time the wheat
was first grown. What then would be
the result in five times as many years
forty years? The land would cer
tainly become useless for the growing
ot wheat and would reach a condition
in which the recovery of its nitrogen
would be extremely difficult In ad
dition to the loss of nitrogen there
was a yearly loss of 2,000 pounds of
humus, through chemical action.
Mneae-Growa Clever Feed Beat,
Owing to a controversy in Europe
regarding the relative value of Amer
ican and European clover seed, the
Department of Agriculture has under
taken some comparative experiments,
the initial series of which was con
ducted at Washington. Many samples
of clover seed of known origin from the
different countries of Europe and from
different parts of the United States
and Canada were grown under like
conditions. Cuttings of hay were made
at suitable intervals, the product of
each plat being carefully weighed.
These experiments, which have now
been under way for two years, show
conclusively that under the conditions
existing here the European red clover
is decidedly Inferior in productiveness
to the American. Apparently the
American strain is better adapted to
the conditions of bright sunshine, pe
riodic heat, and dryness that exist
here. For the purposes of our farm
ers, therefore, a decision of the ques
tion whether to use American or im
ported seed is easily reached. During
the past year a series of supplementary
experiments has been started at typi
cal selected areas in different parts
of the United States, to see whether
these results hold in tho principal
clover-growing states.
Slew Spread or Dairy Knowledge.
In reading the foreign exchanges
one is struck with the slow spread of
dairy knowledge. We have been mak
ing silage in this country for more
than twenty-five years. In Victoria,
Australia, silage has been made by
the leading dairymen for more than
twenty years. One of the best of
them has made 200 tons every winter
and has wintered 100 cows on it, and
he has done it for twenty years with
out failure. Yet to-day the New Zea
land papers are urging their reader?
to investigate the silage question and
are telling 4helr readers that they are
twenty years behind the times." They
are proposing that the government call
a conference, give the farmers free
passes on the railroads to attend it,
and import for speakers dairymen in
Australia or other parts that have
made silage successfully. But the New
Zealanders are not the only people
that are behind In their appreciation
of the silo. In the great state of Illi
nois there are few silos despite the
fact that just across the border in
Wisconsin are whole counties dotted
over with silos, and where the money
returns have been very great and the
increase of wealth due to the silos
enormous.
Second-Rate Mlea.
We do not advise any farmer to
build a second-class silo. A poor silo
not only disgusts Its owner, but after
it is abandoned becomes a monument
in the community discouraging other;
from building them. A visitor at the
office of the Farmers' Review last week
said that the farmers in his locality
were using no silos and had no par
ticular interest in them. There is, he
said, only one silo in existence there,
and that has been abandoned. Of
course, he added, it wasn't well-built
in the first place. That tells the story.
But some one will say, "Buff Jersey"
has only a stave silo and he has used
it for years. nd before that he built
and used other stave silos, and he Is
satisfied with them." Tes, and "Buff
Jersey" will make a success of any old
silo, for he Is a natural Investigator,
a natural scientist, and makes a study
of everything he works with. But for
the average man we advocate a silo so
well built that it will stand a lot of
neglect and still keep silage.
Varlehleaeaa ha Cew Peas.
The most marked variation In the
character of the cow pea is to be
found in the color of the seed, which
may be of any of the shades of black,
white, red, brown, yellow, gray, green
and purple, or they may be speckled
with two or more of these colors. In
shape they may be round, flat or broad
kidney shaped or flattened at the ends.
The period of ripening required by
different varieties varies from sixty to
more than 200 days, and the same va
riety will ripen seed in less time from
late than from early planting and in
less time in dry seasons than in sea
sons of an abundance of rain, while an
excess of nitrogen in the soil retards
both fruiting and maturity, increasing
the yield of vine and not infrequently
decreasing the yield of peas, as com
pared with les3 fertile soils.
Olee BUI Passe the Seaate.
Last Thursday the oleomargarine
bill passed the senate by a vote of 39
to 31. The ten-cent tax on the colored
product went through without change,
as did also the provision for taxing
uncolored oleomargarine one-fourth
cent a pound. The bill places under
the provisions of the police powers of
the states and territories all oleomar
garine, butteriue. process, renovated,
adulterated, or imitation butter or
cheese, or any substance in the sem
blance of cheese or butter not tho
product of the dairy and not made of
pure unadulterated milk or cream.
Some slight amendments were made in
the senate, and this will send it hack
to the conference committee of the
house and senate.
Cocksfoot (Dactylls glomerata) Is a
useful grass. It grows best on deep
rich loams. It will bear the shade of
uiaiMuiiag una.
DAIBY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOI OUR
URAL READERS.
TrnxmA. few
ef Ure
Ceratth Iadlaa Caavrs.
From the Fanners' Review: Our ex
perience with the Cornish Indians
covers almost two years, and in that
time we have made a very careful
study of them In every particular be
ing a constant breeder. I think 1
have given them trial enough to be
able to answer for them from a prac
tical and a fancy standpoint I must
confess that at first I was prejudiced
against them, yet they have gradually
won favor with me, until they now oc
cupy the front row as an all-purpose
fowl. If one Is raising practical poul
try only, surely he finds all he expects
In the Cornish Indian. They are very
hardy, good layers of large brown
shelled eggs, and are the best table
fowl that can be found to-day. The
hens are good ski-rs, very gentle and
careful mothers, and the males are no
more pugnacious than the Brahmas.
Plymouth Rocks, or Wyandottes. In
one particular they are Hke the Amer
ican Indian willing to' hunt for their
living, and will find most of It If
given free range; yet they are easily
yarded and bear confinement very
well. As a -market fowl they have no
peer, being very quick in maturing,
with plump bodies, nice yellow skin,
and legs, and are as large as the Fly
mouth Rocks and Wyandottes.
From a fancy standpoint they are
truly a gentleman's fowl, being very
stylish with erect carriage, broad
shoulders, strong legs, set well apart
they command the attention of any
body. As to the females they are
when properly bred, and of the proper
color, which is for ground color, a nut
brown, with each feather evenly laced
with two rows of narrow black, a won
der to behold. We know of no fowl
that will come as near filling all the
requirements for the farm and fancier,
as the Cornish Indian, and we are oft
en asked why are they growing so
popular? and for an answer we tell
them that, embodied in them, we find
all that recommends any fowl to the
farmer, the market poultryman and
the fancier. Frank H. Thomas, Mor
gan County, Illinois.
Sprlas Care or Ewes.
From Farmers' Review: I have
been trying to find time to write you
an article on spring care of sheep for
a long time, but I have never found
that time and spring is right on us
and I will have to give you just a few
points. Plenty of good feed and exer
cise with protection from bad storms
bring sheep through the winter in
good condition, and that is the proper
preparation to a successful crop of
lambs. Give the ewes the right kind
of a chance and they will do their
part Do not stop the dry feed too
soon, for it will be some time before
the grass has sufficient nutriment in
it to keep the sheep healthy and
strong. Many flockmasters think that
sheep must necessarily go back in con
dition for some time after grass comes,
but not so if the dry feed is not
stopped too soon. No pasture field is
complete without a good-sized rape
patch in it, well manured every other
year, and a temporary-fence around
it, so that the cheep can not get at it
until the middle of June. Plow the
ground and sow rape as soon as warm
weather comes, so that oats could be
sowed. Sheep can never do their best
unless a constant supply of salt and
pure water is afforded them. Shear
early, but keep them out of cold
spring rains afterward. Watch the
ewes closely at lambing time; it will
pay, for many a lamb and often a ewe
is saved. Max Chapman, Union Coua
ty. Ohio.
Mew York's SMlk Supply.
It required about 77,000,000 gallons
of milk to supply the city of New York
during 1901, and an additional of 4,
603,000 gallons of cream and condensed
milk. It Is interesting to note the
variation in the milk used In the dif
ferent months of the year, which was
as follows: January (gallons). 7,560,
000; February, 6,880,000; March. 7,960,
000; April, 7,800,000; Miy, 8.420,000;
June, 8,910.000; July, 9.460.000; Au
gust 8.320.000; September, 8,070,000;
October. 8.300,000; November. 8,010.
000; December, 7.730,000. The small
est supply was in February, and in
that month the supply of cream
and condensed milk was also the
smallest being 242.000 gallons. The
greatest consumption of milk was in
July, as was also the consumption of
cream and condensed milk, which
reached 601,000 gallons, more than
twice the amount consumed in Febru
ary. The figures are interesting as
showing the relative amounts con
sumed, which will probably be found
to correspond with the milk supply of
all of our large cities. The very large
amount used in July is due to the great
demand for ices of various kinds and
to some extent to the more rapid
spoiling of milk in summer time.
Kalslae; TarkorB.
From Farmers' Review: My meth
od of raising turkeys Is to first fix good
places for the hen to nest in, an old
barrel laid down on side, or big box
upside down with a good, big opening
Inside, with some brush thrown over
and around them. In fixing such
places you are most sure to get them
to nest In them. Then you are not
bothered with crows taking eggs. If
cold, I gather the eggs, and when hen
wants to sit I give her 15 to 18 eggs.
When she has hatched I put her in a
large coop or pen so she can't get out.
and let the little turkeys run out and
In at their pleasure. I keep hen In for
two weeks and feed little ones some
milk with light breati soaked in it
with some millet seed. Then If
weather Is good I turn hen out and
feed about the same till they are large
enough to catch grasshoppers, then
ihey will take care of themselves. A.
Z. Copeland, Vermilion County, Illi
nois. li Tarkera.
From the Farmers' Review: I have
written to several agricultural and
poultry papers asking for information
in regard to intestinal worms in tur
keys. In every instance I have had
i courteous reply, but' almost devoid
of practical points. Last summer 1
lost half of a flock of 80 young turkeys
!rom three to five months old from
Intestinal worms. By giving areca
mt I managed to save the rest, but
-hey were so stunted that they were
small at maturity and did not fatten
eadily. They had the run of a farm
f 240 acres. My turkeys this year
vill of necessity have tho same runs.
Till you please answer the following
luestioas by number, .as all to whom
I have written answer only one:
1. Do you know ol any powder en
the Bsarket (except Blake's which was
not effectual) which may he f e to two
weeks' old turkeys as a preventive?
2. Does areca nut stunt the growth?
Please do not recommend turpentine,
for they will neither drink the water
nor eat more 'than oae mouthful of
food containing It The treatment rec
ommended ia reply to my last letter
required the "dosing individually of
the entire flock, four days la the week
occasionally." I have studied govern
ment bulletins, poultry books, and ev
erything I caa find, and as an are
agreed that the worm eggs live from
year to year, In the ground, and none
give a remedy simply enough admin
istered to be practical, I am almost ia
despair of raising any turkeys here
after. L. I. Phelps.
e e e
We urge our readers that have, had
experience with the above mentioned
trouble to send in their suggestions.
Tho case is a difficult one, and the
usual remedies seem to be ineffective.
la the
Andrew M. Soule eays: It Is evident
that the middle south is capable of
maintaining from 700,000 to 1.M0.000
more beef cattle annually on the pres
ent basis of production than she now
owns; whereas, there are probably be
tween one and two hundred thousand
being fed now. There is only about 40
per cent of the land cultivated and less
than 20 per cent highly improved
When 75 per cent of the land is im
proved, as in the central west the mid
dle south will be able to maintain af
fatten at least two-thirds as many cSfc
tie as the central west This means
the doubling of our stock interests or
the maintenance of more than 4,000,
000 head of beef animals. Considering
ail things, is it not surprising that
such a splendid showing is possible in
a section of country comparatively un
known and wholly unappreciated as a
stock country by the stockmen of
America? The people of the south are
not altogether to blame for the present
status of the stock business, but they
are at fault for not appreciating the
potential stock carrying capacity of
their country. They are alive to this
matter now and they deserve the sin
cere and hearty co-operation of the
stockmen of America in their endeavor
to redeem a wasted birthright It is
evident that the people of the South
must keep their stockers at home and
.feed them there and thus become man
ufacturers of their raw products. They
can thus build up the soil, they can
save their fertilizer bills, they can util
ize their food products at home, and
they will get the full potential power
out of their cotton products.
Uve Stock Ceases.
The following table just issued from
the census department at Washington
gives the total number of all kinds of
domestic animals on the farm and in
the towns of the United States on the
1st cf June, 1900, as follows:
Calves 15,330,333
Steers 15,253,182
Bulls .... .................. 1,315,566
Heifers 7,182.014
Cows kept for milk 17,139,674
Cows and heifers not kept
for milk 11,583,258
Colts .... .................. 1,313,476
Horses 16,952,664
Mules 3,371.697
Asses and burros 95,603
Sheep 61,605,811
Swine 62,876,108
Goats 1.872.252
Cattle head the list with 67.804,027.
swine coming next with 62,876.10$; of
sheep there were 61,605,811. Since
1890 the number of sheep decreased
everywhere except in the west The
increase there was more than sufficient
to balance the loss elsewhere and made
the number of wool-bearing sheep for
the nation 11 per cent greater than in
1890. The number of horses on farms
increased except in the North Atlan
tic states. The gain over the census
of 1S90 was 20 per cent if the colts
are included with the totals of 1900,
and 13 per cent if excluded. The total
value of all domestic animals on farms
and ranges was 12,981,054,115, against
2,208,767,513 in 1S90. There was a
gain in all parts of the country except
in the North Atlantic states, where
there was a decrease of horses, sheep
and swine, making a total decrease of
3 per cent in value.
Shropshire Premium.
The American Shropshire Registry
association will offer a numoer
of special prizes at shows this
year, divided as follows: In
ternational Live Stock Exposition,
Chicago, $5S3; Toronto -Industrial
Exposition, $100; Ontario Winter Fait
at Guelph, 100. At the Indiana State
Fair, the Registry association will pay
one-third of the prizes offered for
Sbropshires. whi-h will lun v12, 8, 96
and $5 in each class. Only recorded
sheep are eligible to these special
prizes.
Between the white of the egg and
the shell are two delicate membranes,
one adhering closely to the shell, the
other to the albumen. These twe
skins are joined except at the urge
end of the egg, where they separate
and form the air-cavity.
The "white" of the egg consists of
albumen, coagulable on beating. It is
in three layers, and through it there
runs a hardened spiral band of al
buminous material, called the chalaza,
which supports the yolk.
Log Sire sad White Cricket.
"All winter long." said a West
Philadelphia man, "I have had a
cricket in my house. In my sitting
rcom I have an open fireplace, in
v.hich I have been burning logs, and
every time I started this fire going the
cricket would begin to chirp. Recent
ly I haven't been using the fireplace,
and the voice of the cricket has been
stilled. I rather missed his cheery
song, although I had never seen him,
but last night as I was sitting in the
room reading, he started up again,
but this time his voice seemed pitched
in a higher key, as though he were
actually in the room.
"In a few moment I discovered
that he actually was, and I was still
further surprised to find that he was
an albino. Of course I couldn't swear
that he had pink eyes, but bis body
was perfectly white. He was sitting
at the edge of the fireplace, and when
I made a movement toward him he
disappeared down a crack. All dur
ing the evening he would chirp at in
tervals, but he refused to come out
again. It's the only white cricket
I ever saw, and I don't believe I ever
heard of one before."
California Wlae Exports.
In an average year San Francisco ex
ports wine to the value of $800,000 to
the various parts ot' the union, and to
foreign ports to the value of $1,200,000,
much of the latter export going to Ha
waii, China, Japan and Central Amer
ica. A, scoop in need is a scoop indeed.
ssM50. 'sflaftLL nHPShJal- ,
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RanRa '.FM.KBBKmM.M jbRjRR7 jVrRaRaRsRaRaBRaRRaEaRraRaRaRw
VRaRVSsls-RawBllHBRlR "W IMPwS9Sr "
When yeuth is with us. aU things seen
But lightly to be wished and won;
We snare to-morrow In a dream
And take our toll for work undone;
"For life Is lonr. and time a stream
That sleeps and sparkles In the sun
What-need of any haste?" we say;
"To-morrow's longer than to-day."
And when to-morrow shall destroy
The heaven of our drenms. In vain
Our hurrying manhood we employ
To build the vanished bliss again;
(Ve haye no leisure to enjoy.
So few the years that yet remain;
So much to do. and. ah! we say
To-morrow's shorter than to-day!"
But when our hands are worn and weak.
And still our labors seem unblest,
And time goes past us like a bleak
Last twilight waning In the West
'It Is not here the bliss we seek;
Toe brief is life for happy rest
And yet what need ot grief. ".we say;
"To-morrow's longer than to-day."
t Boston Watchman.
Oaly Sarvtvfag Oi
Of the officers of the little ironclad
Monitor, which went into commission
January 30, 1862, and before the 10th
of March had achieved her momen
tous victory over the Merrimac, onlj
one remains. His name is Captain
Louis N. Stodder. arfd is at present
supervisor of anchorages at the port
of New York and a veteran of the
United States revenue service, says
the Brooklyn Standard Union. Cap
tain Stodder was born in Boston in
1838 and entered the navy from the
merchant marine at an early age, and
was In the gunnery school then estab
lished in Brooklyn, when In January,
1862, a call was made for volunteers
to work the guns of the "cheesebox
on a raft," then in an unfinished state
at Greenpoint John Ericsson's "new
fangled concern," as some then styled
it, was the laughing stock of all the
naval wits who had seen or heard of
it, and the prospective gunners were
warned that they were taking their
lives in their hands when they volun
teered. But men were found and the
vessel was constructed at a rate of
progress probably unprecedented.
Within 100 days from the laying of
her keel the Monitor was launched
with machinery complete, and within
150 days she had won the victory over
the Merrimac, which revolutionized
naval architecture.
The Monitor was commenced In
October, 1861, and was launched Jan
uary 30, 1862. Mr. Stodder was pres
ent on both occasions, and as he re
mained with his vessel until she
foundered off Cape Hatteras the last
day of December, 1862, it will be seen
that he stood by her during her entire
existence.
last ef Uaoela's Fesslly.
When Robert T. Lincoln dies, he
being the only surviving member of
the martyred president's family, the
name dies with him. He did have a
son, but the boy crossed the dark
river to the eternal city years ago. Mr.
Lincoln Is 58. He was born in a tav-
Kehert T. TUacela.
era, before bis father, Abraham, own
ed a home. He was educated in
New England at the Phillips Exeter
academy and Harvard college. He
has teen a successful lawyer in Chi
cago, secretary of war in the cabinet
of Garfield, the American minister to
the court of St James, and frequently
has been mentioned as a possible can
didate for the presidency. Yet ha
never made capital of the fact that by
the accident of birth he was the di
rect descendant of a great and good
man.
JUad Aathoay's Battle Flag.
Dr. Henry G. Moore of Wabash,
Ind., has an old battle flag, said to
have been carried by Gen. Anthony
Wayne (Mad Anthony) during his
campaign through northern Ohio and
Indiana, toward the close of the eight
eenth century. It is made of home
spun linen, with thirteen red, white
and blue stripes, and in the corner in
faded letters is the name Anthony
Wayne. The holes in its canvas show
it was on the firing line. Its dimen
sions are four by five feet
Dr. Moore obtained the flag from
an Indian named Dickinson in 1885.
He was a Miami and claimed that tho
flag had been in his family for years,
descending from an ancestor. Re
cently the flag was shown to Mrs. Re
varre, the venerable Indian squaw,
aged 90, while she was here perfect
ing her title to the little tract of
ground on which she lives, and the
facts were explainer to her by Chief
Godfrey. Mrs. Revarre's Indian name
is Kll-so-quah, and she relates that
after the battle of the Maumee, in
1794. the flag, by Washington's order,
was given to an Indian named She-mock-e-mlsh
by Gen. Wayne himself,
as an emblem of peace. He gave It to
a relative of Kil-so-quah, and in later
years it disappeared, and Mrs. Re
varre supposed it had been deestroy
ed. She readily recognized it when
it was exhibited to her gaze. Indian
apolis News.
Footed the Beys.
"One night" said the Captain, "the
Colonel was informed that the sutler
was selling whisky to the men in can.-
labeled peaches. He quietly ordered
that the "quarters be searched and all
canned goods confiscated. One of our
boys just relieved from headquarters'
guard brought the news to our com
pany, and there was hurrying to and
fro in hot haste to hide the canned
peaches. It was discovered that our
good old chaplain was out of his lit
tle cabin, and in a few minutes a
dozen or twenty cans of whisky were
under the chaplain's bunk and the of
ficer of the guard failed to find them.
"Just as the boys were congratu
lating themselves on their narrow es
cape the chaplain unexpectedly re
turned to his quarters, and lighting a
candle sat down to read his bible.
The boys waited and waited for him
to go out or go to bed, but still he
read. At last be blew out bis candle
and. waiting a reasonable time, the
bora znade a reconnoisance in forci
They found the old fellow awake and
j guarding a pile of cans which he had
drawn from under his. bank.
"The boys scattered, wondering
what -the chaplain would do next.
Later the old fellow Jabbed the blade
of his heavy knife through the top .of
every can aad coascleatloasly poured
the contents into the sink. The aext
morning the boys found the empty
cans in a little gully up the moun
tain aids. The chaplain never sub
mitted any remarks on the subject
and the boys never asked him any
questions. But they never hid any
more canned goods under his bunk."
Chicago Inter Ocean.
Hatleaml MemechU UalverMty.
The first and main building of the
National Memorial university being
built at Mason City, Iowa, solely by
contributions from the Sons of Vet
erans of the United States aad allied
organizations is about completed.
The structure, erected at a cost of
1100,000, occupies a central position in
the 160-acre site on Patriots' hllL It
is of stone, fireproof, 155 feet long
and seventy-six feet high, and three
stories high above the subbasement
Probably the next building to be
completed will be the National Civil
War museum, where, it Is planned,
the greatest collection of war relics la
the United States will be brought to
gether. Another building soon to be
erected is to be known as the Barton
ball. In honor of Miss Clara Barton of
the American National Red Cross so
ciety. The responsibility for this
building and for the ladies college,
which will be housed in it, has been
assumed by the National Alliance of
Daughters of Veterans. The various
buildings will be completed in time
for opening the university in the fall
of 1903.
Gee Soldier Though Dcsertes.
"I remember," said the Major, Ma
bright young fellow who came to us
from the Third Ohio, in June, 1861.
He enlisted in our company, explain
ed simply that his company in tho
Third had gone to pieces on the three
years' question, and. finding himself
out in the cold, he had come over to
us. Later it appeared that he had
told the truth, except as to the man
ner of his leaving. When his com
pany seemed on the point of breaking
up he left camp disgusted; but the
next week most of the men decided to
enlist for three years, and the missing
man was reported as a deserter.
"He served a year in our regiment,
when he received a visit from an of
ficer of the Third. Possibly the officer
threatened him, for the next day he
disappeared, and we never heard of
him again, except in a vague way.
One of our boys was sure that he saw
bin in another division in the mix-up
at Chickamauga, bareheaded and
fighting among the best of the desper
ate fighters of that day; but there was
no way to trace him. and. in truth,
no one cared to do it. He probably
served creditably through the war;
and yet he was, on the rolls, twice a
deserter." Chicago Inter Ocean.
Testis; Great Gaas.
The ordnance board which is con
ducting at the Sandy Hook proving
grounds tests of field guns, has elimi
nated all guns entered in the compe
tition except those that have a long
recoil on the carriage. This leaves only
four guns in the test They are the
gun of the ordnance department
mounted on the Wheeler carriage, the
Erdhardt gun, the Lewis gun, and the
gun submitted by the Bethlehem Steo
company. It is said that any one oJ
these would be satisfactory to the
army. The guns are to be sent to Port
Riley for further test
Two FresMeats la a Battle.
President William McKinley's and
President Hayes' parts in the battle
of Antietam will be marked by a
monument erected by the state oi
Ohio. In this battle McKinley, then
a private, acted as commissary tc
the Ohio troops. The monument will
stand at the place where he stood
during the fiercest part of the fight
AJ the head of the Twenty-third was
the late president, then Colonel Ruth
erford B. Hayes, on whose staff Mr.
McKinley was an aid.
Teteraas Waat Bteaaaieat.
Members of the various Grand
Army Posts in Boston are much inter
ested in the proposed soldiers' monu
ment to be erected by the city in
Logan Square, and for which com
petitive plans were received and
prizes awarded by councils. Joseph
R. Craig, president of the Grand
Army Association announced that he
had appointed a committee to co
operate with councils to secure an ap
propriation to build the monument
Aaother Seldlers MeaaaMat.
The town of Wilmington has grant
ed a location in the town cemetery for
a soldiers monument The Wilming
ton ex-High School Association, of
which but a few members are now
living, will provide the monument out
of funds raised in 1864 and 1865. and
since accumulated by accretion of in
terest. They expect to be able to
dedicate the monument on next
Memorial day with appropriate cere
menles. Jk. Ietter ef Coadoteaee.
One day, several months ago, a cer
tain lithographic establishment re
ceived from a customer a printed cir
cular announcing the death of a part
ner in his firm. It was given to the
correspondence clerk, with instructions
to write a letter of condolence In reply
and this is what he wrote:
"We are exceedingly pained to lean:
of the loss sustained by your firm, and
extend our deepest sympathy.
"We notice that the circular you
send us, announcing the death of Mr
Blank, is lithographed by Messrs.
Brown. We greatly regret that' yoc
did not see your way clear to let U3 es
timate for the printing of the same.
The next time there is a bereavement
in your house we shall be glad to quote
to you for circulars, and are confident
we can beat anybody else. Trusting
that we may have an early opportunity
to quote you prices, we remain, witt
profound sympathy, yours etc."
Wild riewera hi Eaclasd.
Among nature lovers in England a
vert pretty practice known as "Mary's
meaduwing" is to bud wild roses in
the fields where they are and to in
troduce stray bulbs cf the rarer kind?
in the fields and woods, so that they
may grow wild.
He Helped
There Is the man who was boads-
for the construction of the Moni
tor."
This remark is often made at the
capitol as Representative Sperry of
Connecticut is pointed out It was
forty years.ago that Mr. Sperry signed
his name to the instrument that
pledged every dollar he had in the
world on the success of an experiment
an absolute experiment that the
United States Navy Department was
not willing to back, which a great
many people thought was a foolish
oae. bat the success of which marked
the turning point in the naval fights of
the war of the rebellion.
Mr. Sperry's story of the bonding of
the constructors of the Monitor, the
fiscal act which was antecedent to the
great military drama, is very interest
lag. "I was a young fellow," said Mr.
Sperry. "but was full of patriotism
and ardor for the success of the Union
cause, and I guess that was why the
projectors of the Monitor approached
me to back the scheme with a bond for
the successful building of the vessel.
"John A. Griswold of Troy, at that
time a member of Congress; Cornelius
S. Bushlell of New Haven and a West
era man named Winslow were the
builders. The vessel was designed by
Ericsson, as is well known, but these
three men were to construct her. The
Navy Department was skeptical of the
practicability of Ericsson's idea, and
declined to advance the money unless
bond could be provided to secure the
department against loss if the plans
should not work out successfully.
"There was great commotion about
the building of the Confederate ram
Merrimac. We knew that she was go
ing ahead at the Gosport navy yard
and would be the most formidable ves
sel afloat She was iron-clad, and the
- -, i
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jf SCARED THE SHARK
Awveatares ef a Diver Whs Was at Work ia the Magialsaa River,
Celewiaia.
,... ....M..M.W.M.M...W.M.,MM..M.M..WWMW.M.MMM.M, -... .... ... .. ,r. ... J
Few men lead more adventurous
lives in these latter days than divers;
and few divers have survived more
perils of the deep than one known to
his fellows by the name of "Tim
mans." This Is how he describes one
adventure with a shark a more excit
ing than dangerous one, as it happily
proved:
"I once had an experience with a
shark." he said, "while we were trying
to save a 3.000-ton steamer of the
Hamburg-American Packet Company,
wrecked on a bar in the Magdalena
river. Columbia.
"I'd been working for days patching
her keel, hung on a swinging shelf
we'd lowered along her side, and every
time I went down I saw swarms of red
snappers and butterfish under my
shelf, darting after th? refuse I'd
scrape off her plates; and there were
big Jewfisb, too, and I used to harpoon
'em for the men to eat In fact, I
about kept our crew supplied with
fresh fish that way.
"Well, on one particular day I no
ticed a sudden shadow against the
KMWWMAftWMWWWWMWWWMKWWOMXMWWWW
SAVAQES DEFEND THEIR
PRACTICE OF CANNIBALISM
The Woelffel expedition which re
cently traversed a region of dense for
ests back of the ivory coast of West
Africa found there a large number of
cannibals comprising several tribes.
When the white men in the Woelffel
party asked these cannibals why they
indulged in the practice of eating hu
man flesh they replied that men are in
the habit of washing their bodies three
times a day. and their flesh, therefore,
is cleaner and sweeter than that of
cattle, which are never washed.
When Mr. Stanley sent Captain Co
quilbat to occupy the station he had
established among the fierce Bangalla
cannibals of the middle Congo he
found the natives ever ready to defend
the practice of eating human flesh.
"This Is horrible," said Coquilhat one
day to a chief whom he saw at his
meal. "On the contrary, It is delicious
with salt," was the reply. Another
ru-LruTJxn-TV"r-o-MM-M--i i mmmmmmmmmmmm-mm 'rv-fMVvvwiAivuviji
MAMMOTH PRESERVED IN THE ICE.
ScleatlsU Revel Over Keceut Discovery
lade la Siberia.
The scientific part of the world that
interests itself in bones and their nat
ural coverings will be highly pleased
to learn that the complete skeleton,
and a good deal besides, of a mam
moth has been found imbedded in ice
in the eastern part of Siberia. It was
the Ice that preserved it all these
years, and while for commercial pur
poses it ruined the ice. it kept the
mammoth in really prime conuiuon.
Thi3 particular monster is estimated
to have been in cold storage for some
thing like 2,000 years, and it spcak3
well for the Siberian brand of ice that
in ail that time it seems to have kept
up its admirable reputation for firm
ness and endurance.
It appears from investigation that
the mammoth, while browsing along
the ice fields, accidentally slipped, and
before he could recover his balance
came in contact with terra Siberia
with such force as to break his mam
moth neck. He lay as he fell,- which
was after all a good thing, because no
horse ambulance ever made was big
enough for a mammoth, and there the
ice closed over him. and tor auuu
years, more or less, he reposed in his
flapped tomb, until some wandering
scientist came along and stared at
him through the crystal walls. Then
they cracked him out ffom his frost
bitten nose to his frozen feet, and set
him up and danced the dance of tri
umph about him.
Poor old mammoth! The world has
changed a good deal since fate dealt
him that fatal jolt in the neck.
EASY VICTIMS OF' CARD SHARKS.
Hhjh-KeUies Flayers Cheated Oat of
lataseaee Aeaooats.
In the old days of gambling the men
who played highest were very fre
quently the most easily duped.
Wrothesly, duke of Bedford, was in
famously robbed by a gang of sharp
ers of whom Beau Nash was tne head.
The duke had been plundered out of
over 1350.000 at hazard, when, sus
pecting the dice to be loaded, he rose
la a passion, put them in his pocket
aad refused to play or pay further un
w000mS5X0mgS
Ericsson
' Saajry ef Ctsjawtttart Prwrai awawsdl a PMrM.
thought of that iavlacible skip being
tamed loose among the wooden ves
sels of the coast was a terrible oae.
"She could have levied tribute oa
every city along the coast from the
Chesapeake to Maiae, aad would have
had everything her own way. Well,
when the Monitor was proposed, peo
ple said that was Just the thing if It
would work out But many people
were doubtful about the 'cheese box
as they Jeeriagly called Erkssoa's ves
sel. "Mr. Bushaell thought she could 'be
built So Mr. John Drew of New York
and myself went oa his bond with the
Navy Department and the work was
started at Greenpoint. N. Y. Every
body knows how the Union vessel was
finished, went down the coast aad was
In Hampton Roads when .the Merri
mac came out
"I will never forget the day of the
battle. It was an exciting time in
New Haven, for we had a kind of local
pride In the Monitor, on account ot
Mr. Bushnell's connection. All day
long crowds clustered around the tele
graph office, receiving bulletins of the
fight.
"Mr. Bushnell and I were there, too.
you may depend upon it At last,
along about 5 or 6 o'clock In tho even
ing came the news that the Merrimac
had been disabled by the Monitor and
had put back to port. Bushnell. who
was a strapping big fellow, with a
hand in proportion to his size,
brought his hand down on my shoul
der with a whack that nearly knocked
me down.
"'Sperry, says he. 'your bond is
safe. I tell you. there was great cele
brating in New Haven that time. A
peculiar thing is that the original
bond we signed has never been found.
No one knows what became of it"
Washington Star.
- ir - yyvvurM - ru - trru - u'unrLnjTjjTjT
light, and there was a shark sure
enough; not such an enormous one.
but twelve feet long anyhow big
enough to make me uneasy. He swam
slowly around me. and then kept per
fectly still, looking straight at me with
his little wicked eyes.
"I didn't know what minute he
might make a rush, so I caught up a
hammer I was working with it was
my only weapon and struck it against
the steamer's side as hard as I could.
You know a blow like that sounds
louder under water than it does in the
air. and it frightened the shark, so he
went off like a flash.
"I'll tell you how hungry those
sharks were. They'd swallow bis
chunks of pork, sir, nailed and wired
to barrel beads, as fast as we could
chuck 'cm overboard; swallow nails,
wire, barrel heads and all; and then
we haul 'em in by ropes that did for
fish lines, only it took twenty or thirty
men to do the hauling. And there
were plenty of sharks round about,
only they never seemed to tackle a
man in the suit."
time the Belgian soldier expressed his
abhorrence to a chief who wa3 about
to sit down to a cannibal banquet
The latter replied to his protests:
"When you kill a goat I do not in
terfere. This dead man is my proper
ty. I did not steal or capture him, but
I bought him with good cloth and I
will eat him if I please."
One day Coquilhat pointed out tho
differenco between man and mero ani
mals, and tried to convince the natives
that to eat a man was to make a very
bad use of him. and to degrade their
species. A bright fellow in the crowd
called out in answer:
"Ail your talk only shows that hu
man flesh is the best sort of food, whilo
th flesh of mere animals is a vile sort
of nutriment."
The passenger is likely to make bet
ter time in the car than in the cab.
til he had examined them. He retired
to another room and fell asleep, af
fording the conspirators the chance to
pick his pockets and substitute-legitimate
dice for the loaded. The duke
on awakening and, finding the dice
correct played again and lost a fur
ther 1150,000. Beau Nash, not getting
a sufficient share of the plunder, in
formed the duke. A similar misad
venture befell a duke of Norfolk early
in the last century. He went through
the same ceremony of carrying off the
dice and falling asleep with them in
his possession. In this instance, how
ever, the thieves got a notorious des
perado to go into the room with a
brace of pistols and new dice, with in
structions to shoot the duke if the
latter were awake? and to change tho
dice if he were asleep.
SOME STRANGE OLD INVENTIONS.
Mtuaai ef lastraaica; I'aed la Early
Scientific Research.
Harvard possesses a new museum
of great interest to the scientist. Un
der the direction of Prof. John Trow
bridge there has been gathered at the.
university a number of the most in
teresting devices that were in use in
early days of scientific research.
Among the instruments is one of
the first telescopes ever made with a
divided objective, the first type of sto
rage battery and gramme machine,
forerunner of the modern dynamo.
The most curious relic In the collec
tion, however, is the famous Boston
orrery, which is nothing less than a
solar system in miniature. The name,
originated from the fact that the
Earl of Orrery was the first to make,
one of these peculiar contriances la
England. There are probably not
more than seven in the entire world.
The orrery resembles a small grand
piano in appearance, has twelve sides'
and a glass dome. The twelve sides .
represent the twelve months of the '
year. Looking through the glass top,
the spectator sees the entire solar sys-t
tem set out before him. sun. moon.
earth and stars. By the turning of a
handle the system is set in motion,
each body moving In the place ap-.
pointed for It by the Maker of the universe,
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