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PARK AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF IMTEBEST TO AGM-OULTUMSTS.
m a
CeJeV
ef the SeU w
WUeeJtaie. Jnticmltmr
oat Same.
Oat smut is far store destructive to
the oat crop tssn people imagine. Pro
fessor Moore of Wisconsin says that
last year 20 per cent of the oat crop
of that state was destroyed by oat
sssst. The amount in bushels lo6t
taat year is placed by the Wisconsin
agricultural college professors at 16,
. bushels. This loss occurred in
a year when the oat crop was very
short. Professor Henry says that this
lC.atMM bushels could have been
thrown on the market without depress
ing the market price of oats material
ly. In case of a big crop of oats
throughout the country such an addi
tion wonld depress the price some, but
not nnder conditions that existed last
Tale ie.eOA.000 bushels of oats could
have been saved to Wisconsin farmers
if they had followed the advice that
has been so repeatedly given them by
the experiment station. For years
now bvlletins have been widely circu
lated through the state, telling the
farmers how to treat their seed oats
so as to avoid the smut In addition
Professor Henry secured the publica
tion of his instructions in this mat
ter in more than 36s local papers pub
lished in 'the state. But in spite of
all these things it is the belief of the
professor that not one farmer in 5,000
treated his seed oats last spring. He
ays that the farmers are tnding fault
because their taxes are high and com
plain of tgeO.MO being spent on schools
in the state, while they have permitted
oat smut alone to rob them of many
times' the amount Moreover, oat smut
Is Increasing so rapidly in the state
that if the farmers do not begin to
treat their seed oats they will In a
few years have to go out of the busi
ness of growing oats.
Professor Moore made some experi
ments to determine the rapidity with
which oat smut increases. He sowed
sosm seed oats in which about two per
cent of .the grains were smutted. The
resulting crop had ten per cent of
smat That seed was planted and the
next crop had twenty per cent of smut
Seed from that crop gave a crop of
oats having 31 per cent of smut This
'shows what is likely to" happen if the
farmers do not heed the advice given
them.
Smut spores do not live over In the
ground, being unable to survive the
winter. They are carried over only in
the seed. This seed may be made safe
by soaking in water and formalde
hyde; the combination should be one
pound of formaldehyde to 50 gallons
of water. The oats should be put in
sacks and dipped into the solution, be
ing left there for twenty minutes or
more. An boar will not hurt them.
What is true of Wisconsin as to smut
is also true of many other states in
the Union where oats are grown ex
tensively. Everywhere the farmers
should dip their oats to prevent the
smut
CeM Stems Heeaea.
The cold storage warehouse Is a
thing that the farmer can well consid
er. By it he can save not only vast
nuaatities of vegetables that now go to
waste but he can save losses In the
sale price by being able to carry his
produce over the time when there is a
congestion of farm produce in the
markets. Hitherto the farmer has re
lied very largely on his cellar as the
means of keeping his produce. Once
In a while a cellar is so built and so
handled by those in charge of It that
It does the work fairly well, but for
the most part the cellar has proved
to be a poor place in which to keep
perishable farm produce.
At Neoga. Illinois, Is a cold storage
house constructed under the direction
of the University of Illinois and owned
by the university. It was completed
last summer and filled with perishable
produce. The ice room was filled with
70 tons of ice, 20 tons of which have
melted to date. The 50 tons now in
the house are melting so slowly that
they promise to hold the temperature
at its present point for a very long
period. For some months now the
temperature has been 33 degrees, one
degree above freezing. All through the
fall this temperature maintained itself.
Even when the very cold weather came
in December the temperature in the
storage house did not fall, but re
mained stationary. This is rather re
markable when we consider the fact
that no fire was kept in the building
to in any way balance the greater cold
outside. A small variation might have
been expected. The insulation is so
perfect that no variation at all results.
The melting of the first 20 tons of ice
was due to the heat in the produce
stored in the building. When that heat
had been taken out the expenditure
of tee became almost nothing.
The construction of the building is
on the most approved plans. The ma
terials used are wood and building
paper. Dead air spaces' are so ar
ranged that the passage of heat waves
is prevented. The building cost $3,
M0 and will pay for itself in storage
fees in less than three years. Prod
ace kept at a temperature of 33 de-
be held almost indefinitely.
Ce-eeeratlve Fralt Helling
(Farmers Review Special Report)
At the Wisconsin Horticultural
Meeting C. E. Basset of Michigan said
in part:
One of the first drawbacks we had
to contend with in the Michigan fruit
belt was the cost of transportation.
The location of our orchards is such
that we can patronize either the rail
road or the boat lines, bat there has
been no competition between them. An
i abi est company operated over the
fruit train for about 14 years, furnish
ing very poor service and stubbornly
maintaining a six and one-half cent
rats ssi small baskets to Chicago. We
bid bo organization and the efforts of
individuals to get better or cheaper
servtse were of no effect The season
of Its brought such low prices for
fruit that it-was evident that some
tbJng mast be done and co-operation
resorted to. The Fennville Fruit
' association was organised in
19)1 and the "Granger System" of
shipping fruit was adopted. The suc-
C our association nnder this plan
sen wonderful. We have a local
of the association who receipts
for aad loads the frnlt into ventilated
can, holding about 2.5M assail bas
kets each, far which he receives $2.50
per car. A special fast trait train
Marts from Fennville at six o'clock
svery evening. Saturdays excepted, for
Jhirago - The cars are all billed to
itnairBfit who does the
attends to the freight
etc, receiving for this service IMi
As a result of this co-operation, wa
have been able to secure the adoption
of a standard climax package, which
has resulted in a saving In their cost
of more than one-halt The freight
rate has bean lowered from the ex
press rate of six and one-half senta to
two and one-half cents and. the boat
lines having to meet this competition.
every shipper In our fruit belt has
been eaually benefited by the operation
of our association, whichever way he
shipped. The association has actually
reduced the cost of packages and trans
portation to about one-third of what
it was under the old plan. The very
first year the association did business
it saved one large grower fully tl,aaf.
In one year our fruit section shipped
6,000,000 small baskets of peaches, and
the saving to the growers that year
was over $208,000.
Not only have we obtained better
service at much leas cost but it has'
been done with a cash profit, to the
association. This profit amounting to
many thousands of dollars, has been
expended in the grading and graveling
of our public highways, until we now
have reconstructed several miles of
first-class roads. Before our associa
tion undertook this work, 200 or 2bo
baskets were considered a good load,
while now our teams handle more easi
ly 500 to 700 baskets. By our unity
of action we have also gotten the rail
road to donate 300 cars of gravel for
this road building.
We have five central packing houses
at Fennville. Tha foremen and pack
ers, having no interest In the fruitV
pack top and bottom alike, and every
basket can thus be guaranteed.
Cabs Teaaeee FreaneeU.
On account of the very dry weather
during November aad December the
tobacco crop in Pinar del Rio Province
will give a yield below the average;
in some localities of the province,
where timely showers fell, the crop is
very good, and a considerable amount
of leaf of a good quality was cut dur
ing the last few days of December; but
over large areas, and especially in the
hill region of the province, where the
dry weather was long- continued, the
prospects for even a fair yield are dis
couraging. In the localities of western
Havana with irrigating facilities the
crop is in a very satisfactory condi
tion, but elsewhere the injurious ef
fects of dry weather are very marked.
In extreme eastern Santa Clara Prov
ince the rainfall has been fairly abund
ant and a very good yield of tobacco is
anticipated; in the other tobacco sec
tions of that province an urgent need
of rain existed throughout December.
Ee Katie.
An English writer says: Egg eating
is generally acquired from the break
age of soft eggs, which creates an ap
petite for the delicate food. We do
not believe it ever due to a craving
for lime. Some think that eating
broken-up egg shells leads to the habit
and possibly whole or half- shells
might do so. Whatever the cause, the
vice is most inveterate when once ac
quired. The only possibility of real
cure depends upon isolating the crim
inal, which is also necessary to pre
vent her contaminating the others.
She should be provided with a regular
supply of egg-shells carefully emptied
and refilled with nauseous materials
if possible of yellow color. Sometimes
fresh-made mustard is rejected, but we
have seen hens eat it unconcernedly.
Carbolated vaseline, however, is al
ways, we think, turned from with
loathing. There should always be
such an egg near the nest
Adamlatatratlea ef Feed te swla.
Professor Henry in "Feeds and Feed
ing," says: Sucking pigs take nourish
ment from the dam about every two
hours, and we may accept Nature's
guidance for the frequency of feeding
very young animals. At weaning time
the pigs should receive feed at least
three times daily, with water always
accessible. Since the digestive tract of
this animal is of limited volume, prob
ably the best results in fattening can
be obtained with three-feeds daily; but
the habit controls here as elsewhere,
and stockmen can easily accustom
their animals to expect feed moraine
and evening only, meanwhile being
content
Since meal when dry Is more slowly
masticated than when moistened, it
might be supposed that the greater ad
dition of saliva consequent upon slow
eating would increase the digestibility
of meal so fed; but the trials so made
favor moistening the 'feed with water.
,Waea to BUachUr a Pic
When to slaughter a pig must de
pend on what we have to feed him, and
the price at which feed is selling in the
market The price of pork also cuts
some figure, but not so much as the
price of feed. For instance, this year
in some localities pig feed is so high
in price that every pound of additional
weight put on costs ten cents, which is
far above the highest market price
possible. Where the hog raiser lives
near a creamery and can get skim
milk at a low figure, or near a cheese
factory and can get whey for prac
tically nothing, it often pays to keep
the pigs till they are of good size, even
when other feeds are high. This year
a good many pigs are being got rid
of as soon as they attain a weight of
150 pounds.
Sweet Cera.
Sweet corn is considered very com
mon table food among farmers, but in
the cities it is highly valued. The ho
tels use it a great deal and keep it
on their tables as long as it can be
secured. The men that cater to this
trade use many varieties of corn and
plant at different times so they will
have a succession. Therefore the cit
izens and the patrons of hotels get
sweet con) for weeks and months. Not
so the family of the farmer. In most
cases the corn is all planted at about
the same time, and the green corn is
at its best for use for but a abort
time.
IaualgTattoa Statistics.
Below is given a statement of the
rise and fall of immigration to the
United States:
From 1867 to 1873 An increase from
298,900 in the former year to 459,800
in the latter. ,
From 1874 to 1878 A decline from
313,300 to 138,400.
From 1879 to 1882 An increase from
177,800 to 788,990.
From 1883 to 1886 A decline from
603,300 to 334.200.
From 1887' to 1892 A general In
crease from 490.000 to 623.000.
From 1893 to41898 A decline from
502,'JOO to 229.200!
From 1899 to 1901 An increase from
311,700 to 522,573. . ,
The increase in 1901 is emphasized
by the fact that, while the immigra
tion, as usual, was greatest during the
spring and early summer mnath it
! was above normal during the months
cf-fall nd early winter.
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
MTHESTMQ OHAPTERi FOB OUft
UAL HEADER.
ef the nana A Few
its aa to tew Cafe ef Uve
Sfea Fffetoit,
From Farmers' Review: In a large
number of agricultural journals as well
as in the Associated Press dispatches
to the dally papers, there recently ap
peared a report of the -test of a Hol
stein cow st the Minnesota' Experiment
Station, wherein the yield of milk was
84 lbs. in seven days, and from which
t was calculated by Babcock test that
t9 lbs. 5.7 oa. of butter might have
oeen produced. Upon, this record-the
daim Is based that the "world's butter
record has been broken."
I believe It is customary when an in
dividual (be he sew,' horse or man)
holds a record for performance in any
line, to concede him the championship
until some other Individual shows a
better performance In the same line.
And inasmuch as the cow, for whom
the world's record is claimed' In this
test made no butter whatever, I think
it due the present holder of the cham
pionship to contest the claim. It
would be just as consistent to deprive
a trotting champion of his record by
comparing it with one made by a gal
loper; or to create a new mile record
oy estimating the time from that made
n a furlong spurt The Holstein cow
did not make a butter record any more
than the runner makes a pacing record.
But there Is another and more ob
vious reason why this is not; "the
world's butter record." Even if the
cow's milk had been churned and pro
duced 29 lbs. 5.7 os. of butter in seven
days, she would not be the champion
butter cow. A number of better rec
ords lie between her and the cham
pionship. In the Jersey breed alone
there are fifteen cows with weekly
butter records of 29 lbs. 12 oz. or bet
ter. Thirteen of these are published
in the American Jersey Cattle Club's
butter test book; and of the thirteen,
five are official tests, vouched for by
members of the club appointed by the
president to oversee them.
From this you can see that the claim
of a "world's butter record" for the
Holstein is entirely unsubstantiated,
and I think in justice to the breeders
of Jersey cattle this refutation should
be published in those papers that reach
stockmen and dairymen who have no
doubt read the claim. In some papers
it has been stated that the "seven-day
milk record" Is also broken by this
584-lb. yield. If that Is true, what are
we to think of the reported yields in
the Holstein test book of over 00 lbs.
by eight cows, the two largest (707
lbs and 682 lbs.) being made respec
tively at the Texas and Michigan Ex
periment Stations? It appears that the
claim for a milk record is about as
reckless as it is for butter. Harry
Jenkins.
Dairy Netea.
Whether cheesemaking or butter
making be best for a community must
depend on the use being made in that
community of the by-products of milk.
When there is no profitable way of
using skimmilk the whole milk can be
made into cheese. Where the milk
can be fed to calves, pigs or poultry,
butter making is profitable. Butter
making does not impoverish a farm if
the skimmed milk is fed to farm ani
mals, and in that way returned to the
land. In cheesemaking the nitrogen
and phosphorus are sold off the farm.
e a
Bad milk can be produced without
the producer being aware of It There
is a difference between cleanliness and
supposed cleanliness The methods
that have been handed down to us are
looked upon as cleanly. They are so
considered except where the light of
science is turned on them. Then they
are found full of faults. The unin
structed dairyman milks his cows in
a barn that has not been cleaned out
for twelve hours. The air is heavy
with bad odors. He is careful to have
the milk clean and when it is drawn
nothing but white froth covers the
tops of the pails. But when he has
milked one cow he hangs the pail of
milk on a peg behind the cows and
goes to milking another cow. Thought
lessness is the cause of the milk being
left in the uncovered pail behind the
cows. But all of this time the milk
already drawn is taking in odors from
the stench-laden atmosphere around it
High-flavored butter will never be
made from that milk.
Fewla for the Farmer.
From Farmers' Review: I find the
Barred Plymouth Rocks the most prof
itable fowls to raise on the farm. I
find their eggs more fertile than the
eggs of other breeds a larger per cent
or them hatch. The chicks are very
easily raised when properly cared for.
They grow very fast and feather
quickly. They are ready for market at
an early age. When properly fed, the
pullets will lay eggs when other breeds
are doing nothing but consuming ra
tions. What is nicer than a flock of
evenly barred Plymouth Rocks? On
'my farm I have tried the following
Dreeos: Black Langshan, Buff Coch
in, Brown Leghorn, Light Brahma. I
have found most of them good, but
the Plymouth Rocks are best for the
farmer. I would not confine my praise
to the Barred Rocks alone, for I be
lieve the Buff and White Plymouth
Rocks are both good. They might be
better for the general farmer on ac
count of seeping their color with lit
tle care. It takes a good deal of care
to keep the Barred Plymouth Rocks
up to the standard in color.
I think the general farmer can make
the most money out of poultry by hav
ing one breed and keeping it pure and
producing for market keeping only
his best pullets. He should have a
good warm house for them and get
from them as many eggs as possible.
He should always dispose of all hens
over two years of age unless they are
very valuable, for old and young hens
:annot be kept together with profit
rhe amount of feed necessary to keep
foung hens in laying condition will
keep old hens too fat This means
keeping them at a loss. I would ad
vise a farmer to keep his, best cocker
els for sale, as breeders. Advertise
'.hem in some good journal; this will
field a profit far above what he would
-ecelve by selling them to the poultry
iealer. B. E. Edwards. Saline County.
Illinois.
Whey f er Flg
Relative to whey as a food for pigs,
i speaker at a New York farmers' in
stitute said: Whey is worth a good
leal more than we get out of it as a
rule. About one-half of the total sol
ids of the milk when made into cheese
pass off In whey. All the- milk sugar
about five pounds the albumen, the
ish. some fat and a small per cent of
iaseine. making fully six pounds, go
Into the whey vat Whoa this whey Is
used just ss It comas from tha ohuata
vat, If It be fad to fian, with wheat
middlings, fully seven coats par hun
dred ponds may be got out of it As
a rule, however, we do not get half
that I have experimented and know
that whey is worth mora for tending
nigs than for any other purpose. It
you will next spring spend tha tisM
you do In figuring down tha maalac
price of cheese a fraction of a cent
and use it in devising some method of
better utilizing the whey product, you
will be better paid. "It Is almost a
perfectly balanced food; that is, tba
solids of It But as there are but six
pounds of these solids in 109 pounds of
whey, the balance being-water, It will
he seen there Is only a small per cant
of the whole that Is valuable.
FreSt la
The best chance to profit by the tra
duction of capons would be In canon
izing late chicks that ordinarily would
be fit for market as broilersor roasters
when the prices are lowest, aad too
old to sell as tender chickens in Jan
nary and February. Cockerels that
were hatched in Jnne, July or August,
especially if of the large, early-maturing
kind, like Plymouth Rocks and
Wyandottes crossed on Brahnus or
Langahans, castrated in September,
October and November and marketed
in March, April, May and June, when
they would have reached their best
would be the most profitable aad bring
the highest price. Such birds are oft
en sold alive bv the nound very low in 1
the city markets or by those that have V
no room to winter them. Fanners that
have cheap food and are far from ship
ping points, and therefore kill aad ship
all at one time in cold weather, might
profitably make capons of all roosters.
Those who keep birds until maturity
for their own table should do tha
same. There will be little gained by
canonizing birds in May or Jane if
they are to be marketed by Christmas,
as the birds have not sufficient time to
fill out Bulletin 26, R. I. Experiment
Station.
Cetteaieed Steal la the Dairy.
From Farmers' Review: Our ex
perience in feeding cotton seed meal
Is somewhat limited. We fed it two
years ago and one year ago during the
winter. The first season we fed some
what extensively; the second only to
a very limited extent The first win
ter we had only good results, except
that some of our cows did not respond
and some of them to so small an extent
that we took the cotton seed meal
from them, as there was no profit in
feeding it. The balance of our herd
paid a good profit on the cost of the
meal. The second season we fed it we
were troubled some by scouring among
our cows; different cows at different
times in x different, stables. At that
time we did not know what was the
cause of the trouble, but since we are
inclined to think that the cotton seed
meal was adulterated. We fed from
three-quarters to a pound and a -half
per day per cow. We have had no
trouble from' over feeding. We do
not know what might be the maximum
amount it would be safe to feed.
Baldwin Bros., Lenawee County, Mich
igan. ttsaae Fowls.
This is the celebrated race of fowls,
bred from time immemorial for the
purposes of the cock pit, and In which
courage was so developed by the severe
selection of combat that a breed waa
finally obtained that did not know how
to yield. Happily cock fighting in
England is now a thing of the' past,
except among a very few, who carry
on their cruel sport upon the sly. ' But
it is very interesting to notice that
this cessation of the old purpose for
which it was bred has worked gradu
ally a very great change in the shape
and formation of the game fowl. The
modern exhibition race Is very differ
ent in many respects from the old
fighting race. The old fowl was mod
erately short on the leg, not very long
in the neck, not short in feather, but
with a full hackle and with a rather
large fanned and spreading tail, car
ried tolerably high. All these points
have been changed. Lewis Wright
Rape for Hog"
This coming year a good many swine
breeders will sow a field of rape for
their hogs. The practice is a good one
and it is growing. It has stood the
test of experience, and has become one
of the recognized swine foods. About
ten years ago it came to this country
from England and has since rapidly
increased in reputation among the men
that have tried it Its greatest value
perhaps Is in being succulent In say
ing this we do not forget its nutritive
value. But like the turnip the amount
of water it contains reduces to a com
paratively low point the nutritive
values based on bulk of plant More
and more we are coming to realize the
great value of succulence ( juclness) in
the feeds we give our animals. Who
ever buys seed for sowing should insist
on getting the Dwarf Essex rape.
There are several other kinds, most
of them of little value for forage.
Clatea Fees with Grata.
At the Cornell University Experi
ment station, a test was made of the
comparative feeding values of ground
wheat and corn meal, and also' of a
mixture consisting of 26 pounds of
gluten 'feed and 100 pounds corn meal.
The gluten feed and corn meal mixture
was prepared so as to have the same
nutritive ratio as ground wheat To
each of the three lots of animals skim
milk was fed alike. The results of the
experiment are reported in Bulletin
No. 89. Wheat alone made a some
what better showing than corn meal.
"The corn meal lot consumed the least
food and made the least growth, while
the mixed corn and gluten meal gave
the greatest gain and produced cheaper
pork than ground wheat" The exper
iment showed that neither wheat nor
corn, when fed alone, produced the
best results.
A Taamwerth-Jeney-ReS fim.
Dr. Jordan, director of the Geneva
Experiment station, New York, was re
cently asked as to what was being
done there with the Tamworth breed
of hogs. He replied: We have a Tarn
worth male In our pens and are cross
ing him on the Jersey- Reds. He has
less hair and we believe the cross will
make a good bacon pig. Some -farmers
object to the long nose of the lam
worth, but I do not care for that We
cannot afford to grow pork for pack
ing here. Its day has gone la this
state. Bacon for home use and export
is now in best demand.
Batter Freai Aastralla.
Of 37,500 tons of batter imported la
London, all but about 12,000
from Australia.
It's what you do, not what you say
yon are going to do. that counts,
A man who never made a fool of
himself is unable to appreciate human
sympathy.
WITH THE
Tales Told by Old Soldiers Whitman's Tribute
to LincolQ.
tt Is nearly thirty-seven years since
.Abraham Lincoln, the matchless Amer
ican, went out Into the night He saw
the light of victory, though, before he
fell asleep. He saw bis mighty men at
arms, bronzed, bearded and resolute,
their great triumph complete, all ready
to march down Pennsylvania avenue
preparatory to disbanding among the
farms and fields and workshops that
they had quitted for the fields of war.
He saw Old Glory advanced to the peak
of every spar in the republic. He saw
the Union restored and the blessings of
human freedom saved vo the race.
Therefore, ray masters, mayhap it is
well that he rested when was fully
completed the long, weary task of the
salvation of the country.
And here will one of the youngest
of Lincoln's soldiers lay down his pen,
first saying over once more those
noble snd Immortal lines of Walt
Whitman, the good, gray poet:
"O Captain! My 'aptaln! our fearful
trip is done; ..
The ship has weathered every rock, the
prise we sought Is won;
The port Is near, the bells I hear, the
people an exulting.
While follow eyes the steady keel, the
vessel KTim and daring.
But O heart! heart! heart!
O the bleeding drops or rea.
where on the deck my captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
"O Captain! My Captain! rise up and
hear the bells;
Rise up! for you the flag Is flung for
you the bugle trills,
For you bouquets and ribboned wreaths
for you the shores a-crowdlng;
their eager faces turning,
their eager faces turning.
Here Captain, dear father!
This arm beneath your head!
It Is some dream that on the deck
You've fallen cold and dead,
i
"My Captain does not answer, his lips
are pale and still:
My father does not feel my arm, he has
nor pulse nor will;
The ship is anchored safe and sound. Its
voyage closed and done.
From fearful trip the victor ship comes
In with object won.
Exult O shores! and ring O bells!
But I with mournful tread.
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and lead."
Aaeedete ef Gee. Kelsoa.
"I had a scrap once with Gen.
son," said an old soldier recently.
Nel
"In all my service in West Virginia up to
January, 1862, I had acted on the the
ory that a commissioned officer had
privileges in the way of standing in
line of battle early in the morning. I,
in common with the other captains in
the regiment, issued strict orders for
my company to turn out in the morn
ing and stand the required time in line,
but I remained in bed. I continued this
practice, after we went to Kentucky and
were assigned to Nelson's division,
early in 1862, and all the other com
pany commanders did the same.
"The scheme worked well for two
mornings, and then Nelson issued an
order that every commissioned officer
from colonel down should appear fully
accoutered with his men in line of bat
tle. We laughed at this and agreed to
stand together in ignoring the order.
But the next morning just after the
bugle at division headquarters sounded
reveille, there was a commotion along
thd line o'f officers' tents. Nelson was
storming through camp, slapping at
tents with his sword and routing out
colonels, majors, captains and lieuten
ants. "Half awake, I was wondering what
it was all about, when Nelson roared in
at my own tent: 'Get out of there,
you son of a gun; get out or I will
have you shot; get out, you son of a
gun,' and then a slit was cut in my
tent and Nelson glared in at me swear
ing. I sat up on my cot, and pretend
ing to be only half awake, took up my
heavy boots and hurled them one after
another at the opening through which
the general was peering, shout in the
meantime, T don't know who you are
and I don't care. I am no son of a gun
take that back or I won't budge.' In
stantly the general replied: 'You
gotohellsir I take it back. You are a
great big, fine-looking, lazy officer, dis
obeying my orders and setting a bad
example to your men. You ought to be
ashamed of yourself."
Brave Sailors ef Other Wars.
In a sort of despair over the contin
ued crop of nettles springing from the
Schley case, some one in a Philadel
phia paper says "it will dim the glory
of the greatest victory ever won upon
the sea." The writer of that judg
ment could not have been familiar
with the times of Farragut. Win
slow and -Worden. Farragut with
the Hartford and many other wooden
ships on the Mississippi, in the fight
with Forts Jackson and St. Philip and
with rams, gunboats and fire rafts, at
Mobile, where he had himself lashed
in the rigging to overlook the battle,
ordered his wooden ships to ram at
full speed, bow on. The rebel ram at
Tennessee did not fire a gun after the
Hartford struck it
"When the Kearsarge met the Ala
bama off Cherbourg in armament
they were evenly matched. They
fought in circles, closing in. With
either of these battles (and several
more might be named) neither battle
of the Spanish war is to be named
In comparison. The enemy's ships
were not mere targets from which you
could draw away for breakfast, a cup
of 'coffee, or a "loop.:' Both combat
ants were of the give and take kind,
and the battles were won by the most
consummate skill and bravery.
Would it not be well for the present
generation to read some naval history,
and learn what our naval battles have
been where the combatants were
somewhere near matched? Farragut
was the son of a Spaniard and Win
slow a native of North Carolina. But
1joth fought the battles of the union
to a finish, and their deeds should
never be overlooked. Boston Trans
cript Oa the Wrong Side.
"The pension debate in the house a
few days ago was very interesting to
us Southern Democrats," said Repre
sentative Kluttz, in the Democratic
cloarkroom, when he had touched on
some reminiscences. "It recalls an in
cident of a Fourth of July celebration
in my younger days."
The crowd gathered around, for Mr.
Kluttz is a prince of story-tellers.
"You know, many Hessians settled in
North Carolina after the revolutionary
war." continued the warm-hearted Tar
Heel. "Their descendants are among
our very best citizens to-day. Those
soldiers marched down through that
country with Cornwallis: many of
them fell out of the ranks, took up
farms, married our girls, ind. in fact,
were very, glad to become American
citizens.
WeU. in sty boihool days, no
VETERANS
Fourth of July celebration was com
plete without a soldier of .the revolu
tion. By 'the year I have In mind these
patriots had become very scattering,
and the country was scoured to secure
such a soldier. The jubilant citizens
placed the hoary veteran in the same
carriage with the orator of the day.
He rode through the streets of the
town in triumph, and occupied a seat
on the platform. The enthusiasm over
the recital of " revolutionary achieve
ments waxed great, and th6 celebration
was nearly over when some inquisitive
person asked the veteran what battles
he bad been in.
"'I was at Trenton, sir,' came the
reply in the deep-throated voice of the
German, for such he was.
"'Ah, then, you must have crossed
the Delaware with Washington.
"No oh, no,' answered the subject
of so much popular adoration, in a
feebler voice. 'I was on the other
side.' "
Meeds ef the Xatleeal Gaards,
Unanimous sup'port is given by prom
inent officers of the National Guard in
Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, Michigan and
Indiana to the bill recently introduced
n congress for increasing the efficiency
of the militia. The citizen-soldiers say
the bill, if it becomes a law, is bound
to improve the service, at the same
time placing at the command of the
federal government a reserve force ca
pable of meeting all emergencies.
Since the Spanish-American war
there practically has been a complete
reorganization of the National Guard
in the five states named, and the guard
now is on the same basis as that gov
erning the regular army. A consequent
marked improvement has been the re
sult yet it is admitted that there are
limitations which the state govern
ments cannot hope to overcome with
out the aid of the general government.
First in importance of the needs ol
the National Guard, which the bill is
designed to fill, is the lack of equip
ment In arms and stores. National
Guard officers who are conversant with
the condition of the troops in their re
spective states particularly approve
that section of the bill which provides
the National Guard with the regular
armv pattern smokeless powder maga
zine rifles and carbines. The officers
say this need was made clear during
the Spanish-American war.
Phrase Cetaed by Gee. Grant,
"By the way," said Capt Munn,
"Gen. Grant coined a good many
phrases that have come into very
general use. In January, 1862, I and
three others were with General Grant
when he made a reconnoissance
from Fort Holt to Columbus, Ky.
Near the latter place the fly of a tent
had been spread, and under this Gen.
Grant and myself were awaiting the
return of a scout whom Grant had sent
forward to discover whether there
were any signs of the enemy.
"We had not waited long when the
scout rode up in a state of great ex
citement, his horse fairly covered
with foam. Gen. Grant went out
quietly to meet him, and after a few
moments' conversation returned to the
tent as quietly as he had gone and
said to me and the others. 'We must
get out of here or we will be gobbled
up." That was the first time I ever
heard the expression used in that way.
and I have always believed that Grant
originated it, just as he originated the
phrase 'bottle up.' which he applied to
General Butler later in the war. We
rode away quietly but rapidly. Gen.
Grant showing no excitement over his
narrow escape from the clutches of
the enemy." Chicago Inter-Ocean.
First Casualty la Keeeat War.
Delegate Marcus A. Smith of Arizona,
at the Arlington, says: "i can state
positively that the first man injured in
the late war was Marshall Bird, a
Rough Rider. He was hurt in the prac
tice camp of the First volunteer cav
alry at San Antonio. At troop drili
one day Bird's horse a c-n little cow
pony ran away with him. He tore
across the plain into a clump o tim
ber. Upon entering the woods he
headed straight for a tree, swerved tc
one side and bucked as he reached it,
with the result that Bird was pitched
headforemost against the trunk. He
was picked up for dead, but the sur
geon removed the pieces of broker
skull and finally sent him to a hospi
tal in Oakland. Cal. He is still there
never having fully recovered. H
mind is affected, and he draws a total
disability pension of 575 a month."
Washington Post.
May Keorsaalze Militia.
A bill for the reorganization of state
militia prepared by the war depart
ment has been introduced into bott
houses of congress. Strange to say, nc
change has been made in the Federal
militia laws for 110 years. Under th
law of 1792 congress may organize, am.
and discipline the militia, and exercise
control over troops employed in Fed
eral service, but training and officering
are reserved to the state. The object
of the new bill is to introduce a larger
element of Federal influence and con
trol into tho organization.
Hoaor Cesaaiedere Baraette.
Commodore W. J. Barnette, U. S.
N., just before he was relieved from
command of the scboolship Saratoga,
at Philadelphia, was presented with a
silver loving cup by all the officers
who have served under him, with their
names inscribed on the cup and the
inscription: "In token of the high
regard, and esteem of the officers who
had the privilege of serving undei
his command on the Saratoga." Com
mander Barnette was in command of
the Saratoga for three years.
Dtetlagetohea1 SeMler Dead.
MaJ. Joseph Hunter McArthur, re
tired, who died recently at Chicago
was graduated from West Point in 1849
and assigned to the infantry. Wher
the civil war broke out he was captair
of the Fifth United States cavalry anc
served during a portion of that wai
as lieutenant-colonel of the Sixtl
Pennsylvania cavalry. He was pro
moted major. Third United State:
cavalry, in 1863, and was retired Nov
2. 1863. for disability incurred in th
line of duty.
Te Traasfar SeMler BeSlea.
The remains of former soldiers bur
ied at Fort Meigs cemetery, Ohio, ar
to be reinterred in 'a national ceme
tery, and Capt. W. S. Biddle. Four
teenth infantry, has beep ordered tc
make a record of the names and-otho
fect3 in connection therewith. ,
THE ART OF ORATORY
Succoa Da CKIof ly oft
The mere effort to express one's self
n lucid and convincing- language be
!bro aa audience is. perhaps, the great
est self-developer a man can use. It
rings into play almost all his mental
tnd moral qualities. The power of
.combination, of analysis, of synthesis,
sf magnetism, of personality, of men
ality; all these are put to the test, and
ire called upon to contribute their best
To an earnest student training for
aratory. which, in its broadest sense,
ihould include a close study of Ian
suage, literature, old and new, history,
indent and modern, men, women, and
xmdltions of the past and present,
must, of necessity, prove a moral, spir
itual, and intellectual awakener. says
I. Lincoln Book in Success.
The function of the orator has been
:hus described: "To give to the no
alest thoughts the noblest expression;
:o penetrate the souls of men. ana
aaake them feel as. If they were new
reatures conscious of new powers and
loftier purposes; to cause truth and
justice, wisdom and virtue, patriotism
and religion to appear holler and more
majestic things than men ever dreamed
of before; to delight as well as con
There Was a Distinctions,
Both Soldiers of High Rtvnk. but in Dtfforont
Armies.
Dr. Edward King, the venerated and
saintly Bishop of Lincoln. In England,
is now much advanced in years and
somewhat infirm. Recently be has
been visiting Bournemouth for his
health, and T. P. O'Connor, in his "M.
A. P.." tells the following story of the
venerable prelate's visit to that sea
side health resort: After resting for
some time one afternoon on a seat on
the "Parade" the Bishop desired to
more, but, owing to his age and in
firmity, found some difficulty in rising.
A kind hearted little girl of the town
noticed his trouble and ran up, saying:
"Oh. let me help you."
The good bishop beamed upon the
child with one of his sweetest smiles,
and the smile of the bishop is very
sweet, indeed. "You are a dear little
maiden," he said, "but I do not think
you are strong enough."
"Why. bless you, sir," was the re
ply. "I've often helped up daddy
when he was a sight worse drunk than
you are."
O'Connor says the truth of this story
CHURCHES DECKED
WITH PEARLS.
When the stranger arrives at Seville
and Toledo and the guides conduct
him to the cathedrals of these old
cities, he is struck with their mag
nificence and the abundance of the
pearls which are their finest decora
tions. These pearls came from the
bay of Panama, and date from the
epoch when the Spaniards, at the
zenith of their glory, made the con
quest of America, says the Jewelers'
Circular Weekly.
These Panama pearls rival the most
beautiful pearls of the Orient. Quite
recently, in the spring of 1899. a lad
of 15 years found an oyster contain
ing a pearl which was sold at Paris
for 50,000 francs. For his portion he
received 20.000 francs.
A considerable quantity of pearls
procured at Panama are sent to Xcw
York, where they do not lack pur
chasers. One consignment exceeded
in value 750.000 francs. The island
pearls are thus denominated on ac
count of the archipelago in which the
oyster fisheries arc carried on. It is
opposite the bay of Panama. The
archipelago is composed of sixteen
islets, in which are thirty to forty
NEW CHURCH AT NOME.
CoBgregAtloiialUts Ballit and Ran the
Only One in CSold Town.
The congregation having outgrown
the first building, it became necessary
to erect another at once. An appeal
made on Feb. 25. 1900, to the miners
of the camp for volunteer labor
brought out twenty-five men the first
morning. They came with' picks and
shovels and began to clear on the four
feet of snow that covered the ground.
Some days as many as seventy men
worked upon the building, nearly all
giving their services. Through weath
er often below zero they worked on,
and by March 17, inside of the twenty
one days, the new churrh was com
pleted. It is one of the best buildings
in the city and will seat 500.
Chairs are used for seating and the
American flag Is prominent in the
decorations. The church was dedi
cated on the first Sunday of September,
free of debt. After a public offering a
balance of $200 remained, but the trus
tees announced that they would as
sume the debt. Upon this an ex
saloonkeeprr and a Roman Catholic
came forward and asked permission
to contribute the $200, which was glad
ly granted. The cost of the buildins
and lot has been about $10,000.
The church through its services and
reading room and library has rendered
splendid service to the people of Nome.
In the dark winter dajs the men in
their shacks and cabins do not rise be
fore 11 or 12 o'clock. After breakfast
ing and doing their chores they go to
the reading room, where they can find
companionship, good books, light and
heat. With coal at $50 a ton. a warm
room in that cold northland counts for
something. Those thus served by the
church, when an appeal was made for
help in building a new edifice, gladly
responded.
The first building is now used as
i:hwir anfi rpadlne room. It contains
over 1,500 books and periodicals. It
i snnnorted by the church at a tosi
of about $73 per month. There are
three great institutions at ftome-me
-., r h preat trading companies.
the saloons and the congregational
church. It costs about 33,aWJ per year
to carrv on the church and its de
partments, says the New York Mail
and Express. It is entirely sen-supporting.
The edifice is crowded both
morning and evening and is a veri
table beacon light in that great north
land. Girl' Oarias Feat.
i .aarna narlv ncssiblc that a airl of
IS should save nearly fifty people from
a terrible death. Yet that is what
w i
F7
CsNtatant
vince; to charm, to win. to arouse, to
calm, to enlighten, to persuade this
Is the function of the orator."
Surely, taia la a noble mission. A!
youth who undertakes to develop his
powers with a view to fulfilling its ro
qulrements. even if he never attains
eminence as a public speaker, cannot
fail to have a broader mentality, wider
culture, higher ideals, a more vigorous,
well rounded character than if he had
never aspired to be aa orator.
Like everything that is worth hav
ing, the power of effective speaking can
only be developed by continual effort,
by reading with a purpose, with con
stant study, by independent thought
and by frequent practice in debate or
speaking to audiences.
Association with the great thinkers
of the past and present through their
writing, and with the eloquent orators
of to-day through their spoken words,
whether on public platform or In the
pulpit, are powerful aids to the youth
who is ambitious to become a ready
and eloquent speaker.
"Through thick and thin'
!.'
Is front
the "Faery Quecne." -
f0
is vouched for by a Canon of Ely, so
it must be true.
A story of Gen. Sir Charles Tucker is
not quite so good, but is as well au
thenticated. The general was oa his
way out to India, when he found that
there was another Gen. Tucker on
board the ship Gen. Booth Tucker of
the Salvation Army. As the P. & O.
boat came alongside to land passengers
at Port Said and the gangway was.
crowded a woman was overheard to
say to her companion: "My dear, there ,
are two General Tuckers aboard. I
hear. Can you point out to me which,
is which?" This was said in the hear
ing of the bluff general, -who was
standing right in front of them.
Turning sharply around and point
ing to the other Tucker he said:
"Madam, that is the Salvation Tucker;
I. in contradistinction, am known-as
the Damnation Tucker." New York
Press.
"It beggars description"
in "Antony and Cleopatra."
is found
Rare Treasures the
Bay sf Panama
Yielded to Spaniards
small villages of negroes and Indians.
The soil is fertile but the principal oc
cupation is that at the fisheries. The
largest isle, called Rey, alone embraces
half of the population. San Miguel is'
the chief place of the fisheries, and
there is a very fine church. The in
habitants are nearly all blacks. They
are descended from the negro popula
tion, from whom the Spaniards
learned the advantage they could de
rive from the island riches. In cer
tain of the islands there must havo
been diamond beds. Some fine rough
diamonds were formerly procured.
There are two systems for carrying
on pearl fishing in the bay of Pana
ma. In certain spots, where the yield
is the most abundant, it it necessary
to pay the government a very high
tax. At other points the tax is small,
but a percentage on the pearls discov
ered is added to it. Generally, these
pearls are rather small. They usually
bring from 3 to 50 francs each. Those
which reach 150 to 300 francs are al
ready much less in number.
"And there, though last, not least."
is from Skelton's "Colin Clout."
Rmrp Rassell dill, who may well be
called the Grace Darling of Australia.
It happened one day in December that
a vessel was wrecked off the coast ol
Australia. The lifeboat on board the
steamer was lowered, but it capsized
and the eight people in it were drown
ed. So the rest of the crew clung to
the sinking steamer. The surf ran so
wildly that no one could dare swim
through it, and there was not a house
or rerson in sight. The girl, who was
a splendid horsewoman, was riding
along with a native servant. She
caught sisht of the vessel in distress
Turning her horse's head toward the
coast she started him on a quick gal
lop. When she reached the sea she
urged her horse into the angry surf.
She rode boldly on till she reached the
angry vessel. Witn grrat difficulty she
took some of the children in her arms
and put them before her on the saddle;
then, with bigger children and women
clinging to her dress, she started for
the shoie. gave those she had rescued
to the care of her servant, and re
turned again to t'e wreck, says Les
lie's Weekly. So she went backward
and forward for four hours, till all
were safe on land, the servant having
ridden to bring out the last man.
I'wlltlrat Knemiea: Pergonal Friend.
Senator Tillman is not as good in a
monologue as in debate. He ia like a
piece of flint that needs the contact
with steel to make the sparks fly. In
the senate the steel upon which Till
man flashes most frequently is Sena
tor Spooner. The two men love to
clash, and yet there arc no two sena
tors who like each other better.
Spooner admires Tillman's frankness
and explosiveness. and Tillman re
spects Spooncr's great legal ability.
The men are complimentary to each
other. They fit in together. Indeed,
as soon as their bouts are over they
meet in the cloakroom anl laugh at
the sharpness and readiness of each)
other's wit.
Wit of .Senator
Senator Mason was talking to s
group of newspaper men In the senate'
lobby, when Senator Scott came along. '
The latter said: "Mason. I would like "
to have your ear for a moment when
you get through there." "All right.'. Z
replied the rotund senator from Illi- -nois.
"just so you don't get me in the'
fix of the man whose son took hira" '
apart one day and then couldn't get
him together again."
"Where Ignorance is bliss 'tis folly
to be wise" irns said by Gray in his
"Ode to Eton Co'.Icqe."
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