Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (March 5, 1902)
. i ri. i. .- i l l I r . M !? !" .; " M t " - v i FOR THE OLD SOLD IE US. Interesting Receding for tne Veterans tvnd Their Children. "Garcea! You you- fiemrei along with this caned crew? (Only a child, aad yet so bold, Scarcely as atnch as ten years old!) Do ybahear? Do you know Why the gendarmes put you there in the' row, -Ton, with those Commune wretches tall. With your face to the wall?" -Know? To be sure I know! why not? We're here to be shot; And there by the pillar's the very spot. Fighting for France, my father fell; Ah. well! That' Jaat the way I would choose to fall. With my back to the wall!" ("Sacre! Fair, open fight. I say. Is something right gallant in its way. And fine for warming .the blood; but who - , Wants wolfish work like this to do? Bah! tls a butcher's business!) How? (Th boy is beckoning to me now; 1 knew that his poor child's heart would fail. . Yet his cheek's not pale.) Quick! say your say, for don't you see. When the church clock yonder tolls out Three, You're all to be shot? What? 'Excuse yon one moment? O, ho, ho! Do yon think to fool gendarme so?" "But, sir, here's a watch that a friend. one day (My father's friend). Just over the way. Lent me, and if you'll set me free It still lacks seven minutes of Three I'll come on the word of a soldier's son, , Straight back Into line when my er rand's done." "Ha, ha! No doubt of it! Off! Begone! (Now. good Saint Denis speed him on! The work will be easier since he's saved; For I hardly see how I could have braved The ardor of that Innocent eye. As he stood and heard. While I gave the word. ' Dooming him like a dog to die.") "In time! Well, thanks that my de sire -Was granted; and now. I am ready . Fire! .- One word! that's all! You'll let me turn my back to the wall?" "Parbleu! Come out of the line I say. Come out! (Who said that his name was Ney?) Ha! France will hear of him yet one day!" le-md Uaeala IMaa. Caotain Geonce'W. Conrow. who saved the life of President Lincoln at the siege of Petersburg, died in Phila delphia recently at the age of 58. During the civil war he enlisted in Company I. One Hundred and Nine teenth regiment. Pennsylvania volun teers. During the siege of Petersburg. Lincoln, while visiting the lines, al though repeatedly warned that the confederate sharpshooters were active, advanced as far as the outposts, where Conrow was on duty, and stood with his hack, against a tree. Mr. Conrow, perceiving a sharpshooter on the fortifications leveling his rifle at the president, sprang toward the latter and vigorously pulled him to the ground only an instant before a bullet was hurled in the tree in front of which he had been standing. 'John Poms, a full-blooded Penob scot Indian, a veteran of the civil war. having served in the Twenty-fifth reg iment Connecticut volunteers, is dead ia his lodge on the Penobscot reserva tion. Indian island, near Oldiown. Maine. - While there were a few other Maine Indians in the union ranks, as far as is known Pores is the only one who at tracted any attention by gallant con duct or who was seriously wounded. Poms lost a leg at Port Hudson and drew a pension. At the first call for volunteers he tried to enlist In Oldtown, but was re fused. He went to Massachusetts, and there was taken for a negro, being very dark, and was also refused an opportunity. Nothing daunted, he went to Connecticut, and there was enlisted. . After his death a small packet was found carefully wrapped, in deerskin. In this was a roll of carefully selected, thin birch bark, upon which was elab orately written in Indian dyes his au tobiography. The manuscript is embellished with rade.drawlngs of war scenes. It will he seat to the adjutant general of the state, to be placed in the collection of war relics in thestate house. In. addition to the birch hark manu erhjt whs a much worn paper which the M veteran cherished with great care and rasely showed to any one. It la a letter from the colonel of Us regiment, and reads as follows: "Hartford, Conn., Nov. 28. lgSt. To the 'Authorities of the State of .Maine: "I take great pleasure In stating Chat John Poms (Indian), now of OH tewn. Me., served in the Twenty-fifth regiment. Connecticut volunteers, un der my command, in the years of 1862 S. He was a faithful,- good man. a soldier which I particularly liked for his coolness and bravery. "He lost his lea; by a cannon shot 'watte fighting at the very front, and ha ia entitled to an the consideration which any brave, wounded soldier ia the state of Maine is entitled to. and I hope he will receive state aid. "He is an Indian, it is true, but I would like to command a regiment of Just such good men as John Pores was whan he was in my regiment. Re spectfully, . ' (Signed) "George P. Bissell, "Late Colonel 25th Regt Connecticut Volunteers." MeattfylaaT SaMlera. About the most grewsome and un welcome duty a soldier can be called upon to perform is that of identifying the killed and wounded after an ac tion. It is a difficult task, too, in many cases; as, for instance, when the bodies of the dead have been stripped of their uniforms by the ene my, for then all marks are missing save those of physical features, and these are most unreliable guides, for the features are usually 'more or less distorted. There is little wonder, then, that mistakes occasionally occur, and homes are plunged into mourning for a son who is alive and well, or that men long dead and buried are regard ed as living. Even in the case of of ficers errors now and then creep in. There, too. are frequent cases of er rors in transmission of names. Rolls compiled in a hurry by weary and excited men are dispatched by over-worked operators In a remote field telegraph office, who not infre quently drop a "dot" here and insert a "dash" there, rendering the message unintelligible. Under these circum stances the ingenuity of the war office clerks is called into play. "Kylor" is discovered to mean Taylor, the Mors? signs for Ta" being identical with those for "K." Similarly "Cocor" is found to mean Connor. Sometimes initials and surnames are not separat ed, and the name reported as "Skelly" is verified as S. Kelly. During the civil war many mistakes were made, and even at this late peri od occasionally errors made at that time come to light Were the United States to be drawn into some great war she would be compelled to modify her means of identifying the soldiers that would fall upon the field. As she has been at comparative peace for so long a time, little or no attention has been paid to this problem. Hatted States Settlers. There is a movement on foot to give to the American private soldier an allowance of smoking and chewing to bacco, and a bill has been introduced in the house of representatives which provides for supplying regularly en listed men with this commodity. "Give it to them," said an officer of the army yesterday. "I have been in the service for more than thirty-five years, and in this time have seen a great deal of enlisted men. My duties have taken me abroad occasionally, and I have seen the enlisted .men In the armies of other nations. This in spection that I have been able to make has convinced me, if I needed any con vincing, that the American soldier is the best that the world produces. Noth ing Is too good for him. But, in the discussion that is bound to follow the introduction of the bill, I hope there will be nothing said about our enlisted men that will make them ap pear like paupers. They are a fine body, sometimes a little rough, but in no sense men that either need or de sire more than is coming to them. "When I say they are the best paid of any soldiers in the world I am not arguing against giving to them a lit tle more than they are now receiving. The fact remains, however, that we pay our enlisted men better than any other country under the sun pays its soldiers, and that there are very few mechanical trades where the pay is so-large as that received by an enlist ed man in the United States army." OM Beldlers Pretest. Members of the Grand Army of the Republic of Indiana have been wrought up over the prospect of Con gress granting pensions to Mrs. Mc Kinley and Mrs. Harrison, as the widows of Presidents, and a regular against the proposed measure. The method which has been adopted par takes of the nature of an endless chain, consisting of resolutions which one Grand Army post adopts and then transmits to other posts, asking for similar action. The resolution de clares that: "We have been humiliated for years by special legislation giving greater pensions to officers and their widows than to the private soldier, and it is wrong and against the theory of our government to favor a distinctive class; that there are now bills pend ing in Congress to pension Mrs. Me Kinley and Mrs. Harrison and an out rageous bill to give ex-Presidents a pension of 825,000; therefore, be It "Resolved, That this post will for ever condemn those who vote for and encourage such legislation and hold them responsible for thus aping at the traditions of effete monarchies and thereby insulting the intelligence and heroism of the soldier in the line who fought the battles and received mea ger pay." mats for SeMlera. The British war office is sending tons of old-fashioned flints to the troops in South Africa to supply smok ers with a practical substitute for matches, which it Is said, soon be come worthless because of the damp. One result of this resort to ancient methods of kindling fire Is a revival of the old industry of "flint-knapping" in Norfolk. Meaaateats ea Sallea BattleSeM The Indiana Shiloh Park Commis sion has let the contract for twenty one monuments to be erected on Shi loh battlefield to a Louisville firm for 821.000. The designer of the monu ments is John R. Low of Indianapo lis. ScaeSele mar Aceeet Lieut-Gen. John M. Schofieia nas received permission from Congress to accept the decoration of the Cross of Commander cf the National Order of the Legion of Honor conferred on him by the President of France. far eelalers er lain. The hoyse committee on pensions has reported favorably a bill grant ing a pension of 825 per month to the last surviving soldier of the war o; 1812. Hiram Crok. of Oneida county N. Y., aged 102 years. . A aog-s ti never deceives. All hypocrite are humans. (FARM AND GARDEN. MATTEM OF IftTEIIEST CULTUIKSTS. TO AQM- From Farmers' Review: If I were to call at your eance, and found mm Illinois farmers there, wheal it was leaned that I was from Northwestern Minnesota, on the line of the Northern Pacific railroad, the conversation would quite likely be about crops and farmers' chances and prospects in .my section of the country. As the Illinois farmers raise com with profit, they would want to know what we are do ing In that line of farming, and the results. I should tell them that dur ing the last two years we have in creased our com area mora than ten fold, and that the results have been great satisfaction both as to reeo anu fodder for the stock, and from now on farmers will plant about one-fifth of their land to corn. Com has been raised in this vicinity In small patches and fields ever since settlement, twenty-fire years ago, and showed remarkable productive ness, but as in all new countries where wheat can be raised the farmers paid their whole attention to wheat But now. since two or three year ago, they wished to go more Into stock and diversified farming, they hare natural ly turned to com and clover a the two crops necessary In the new style of farming. At the Tri-States Grata Growers and aw.v nia Mfivemtion. held 8t Fargo. N. D.. January 7th to 10th, In clusive, It was not uncommon to hear a farmer talk about his 300. 500. 1.000 and 2,000 acres of corn. I. being only a small homestead farmer, can only talk about five to seven acre fields, and say that eighteen or twenty years ago I had one stalk of com that had five ears on it Three of them were good size, sound and perfect and the other two would be classed as nubbins. D. L. Wellman, Becker County. Minne sota. Early Galas of Pigs. Prof. W. A. Henry, in his book on "Feeds and Feeding." says: At the Wisconsin station the writer kept rec ords of the birth-weight and also weekly gains of twelve litters, num bering 86 pigs in all, for a period of ten weeks, at the close of which they were weaned. After weaning, the records were continued with eight lit ters, containing 62 pigs in all, for seven weeks. The dams were pure bred or high-grade Poland-Chinas or Chester Whites. The results are shown below: Before Weaning. Week. At. Wt Gain. At birth 2.5 1 4.4 1.9 j;;;. 7.0 2.6 3.. .... . 4 12.5 2.7 5 .. . ......5.6.............. .3.1 6 18.6 3.0 7 22.6 4.0 g" 27.8 5.2 9 33.1 5.3 10.7." 38.5 5.4 After Weaning (62 Pigs.) Week. At. Wt Gain. 10 4L5 U. .46.7. ............. .5.2 12...... .62.0. .............. 5.3 13 58.3 6.3 14 64.2 6.8 15 69.8 5.6 16. ...... ..76.5. ............. .6.7 17.. .... . .84.1. .......... 7.8 The heaviest pig in these litters weighed 3.6 pounds at birth and the lightest 1.6 pounds, the average for the lot being 2.5 pounds. During the first week after birth the pigs made a gain of 1.9 pounds. Overlooking Ir regularities, we may say that the pigs made a weekly gain of three pounds per head the fifth week after birth, four pounds the seventh week, and five and one-half pounds the tenth week. At the end of the seventh week after weaning, when 119 days old, they were gaining more than seven pounds each weekly, or over a pound a day. IsBarerlac Kaasas Cera. Prof. J. T. Willard. of the Kansas Agricultural College, says: Tne sta tion Is making efforts to establish im proved varieties of corn, selections be ing based, in part, on the percentage of nitrogen, and with as much success as could reasonably be expected, In view of the almost total failures of the crops on account of drought the last two years. The ease with which com cross-fertilizes makes these experi ments very difficult, especially when any effort la made to obtain a consid erable quantity of a given variety in a state of purity. To assist farmers In the state who wish to improve the chemical composition of their com, the chemical department has arranged to make determinations of the per centage of nitrogen for them at cost Although on account of the scarcity of home-grown corn this season, the time is not as opportune for starting the de velopment of improred strains of corn as would be desirable. It is hoped (bat some will avail themselves of the of fer. Analyses of the name kind will be made of seed com offered for sale where desired, and the department ia making such analyses on its own ac count also. That corn would be an appreciably more Taluable grain for feeding, if it were richer In nitrogen, there can be no reasonable doubt and the farmer who will systematically set about developing a strain of an other wise good' variety that ia richer in ni trogen, will be a public benefactor, and doubtless will reap an ample financial reward. It-is probably need less to state that corn that Is being thus developed should be planted at a considerable distance from any other. Persona desiring com analysed should write the station for instructions and terms before sending' samples. Develeatag- Hew, Grapes. For more than twenty years T. V. Munson of Texas has given his at tention to the subject of improving our native grapes collecting the best wild and cultivated Tarieties. testing -them side by 'side, and intermingling them by crossing and hybridizing for the purpose of producing new Tarieties of the best possible qualities, adapted to different parts of the country, and to provide the best possible resistant stocks upon which to graft the Vim fem (wine grape) Tarieties. His work has necessitated a careful study of the botany of the grape and a thorough knowledge of every native, introduced and cultivated species and variety. In his work with these, more than 75,000 seedlings, mostly hybrids, have been grown, and of this number -scarcely 100 have been considered worthy of Introduction for market When, however, it is remembered that no variety with fewer berries than Lnkfatsvaor smaller berries than Tala- mm 0e-e-Dee BUaai Ahea CaMfr. -nUtaa ef the San aa , IaUs ' Thereat atertlcaltara, THtealtara aa Inferior In tnaHty cord has been considered worthy C iatroduction, some Han will be eb talned of the. rigid system of calling and selection observed. Mr. Manse considers the reenlta ob teiaed in his experiments witii native American spades most and the field of future along this line practically unlimited. Our native species excel in points the Old World grapes. have rare, delicious flavors, unknown In the Vinlfera Tarieties; .others, great sixe of clusters; others, very large berries; others, small and few. seed; all of great vigor and resistance to dis ease and adaptability to 'oar variable climate. And our experience clearly shows that all species can be Inter mingled at will by the intelligent hy bridiser." Farmers' bulletin 144: Under the above caption the point ia .made by W. F. Massey of the. North Carolina station, that market gardeners in the South Atlantic coast plain do not suf ficiently intensify their operations. The area cultivated Is generally too large for the most satisfactory results. Not enough glass Is used. North Caro lina Is as near New York city as Ver mont is, and much better adapted to growing crops under glass because of the simpler structures needed, the less coal required for heating them, the ab sence of long-continued cloudy weath er, and the greater abundance of win ter sunshine. Yet Vermont competes with North Carolina In the New York marxet crops like lettuce, grow in the North in the hothouses, can be grown in the South in simple frames under loose glass sashes in the greatest perfection, an advantage which Southern planters should not be slow to avail themselves of. The common practice of growing lettuce in the South under' cloth, for market, Is discouraged. Glass should be used instead. It ia more efficient and much cheaper In the long run. With glass other crops besides lettuce, like beets and radishes, can be grown in the winter, and seedlings of egg plants and tomatoes forwarded in the spring. After skill has been attained in handling sashes on a cold frame, the transition to the greenhouse and heated hothouse follows naturally. Crops which require little skill ta their production in the open ground can be grown by anybody and are cheap. The greater skill which is necessary in growing crops under glass limits com petition and increases the' profits. The lettuce, for Instance, which -is grown under plant cloth, goes to mar ket usually In barrels, and Is sold as "Southern field lettuce" by the barrel. Lettuce grown well under glass and shipped In handy boxes Is sold by the dozen at a higher price, and competes with the Northern greenhouse lettuce. The gardener with glass gets his let tuce into market at the Christmas holidays, and Is ready at once to re plant for a crop to compete on more favorable terms with the crop of the man who is using cloth, and as the spring crop usually sells for more than the midwinter crop, his lettuce, being in better condition, brings more money. I have gotten three times the price for lettuce on the 1st of April than I got during the winter months, though the first paid very well. The many uses to which glass sashes can be annlied Is another argument for their use. After the lettuce crop is shipped the tomato plants are hard ened off in the frames, and as after the 1st of March in this climate the lettuce does 'not need the glass, an extra set of frames can at once be used for the tomato plants that have been started in hotbed or greenhouse. And after the tomato plants are removed to the field the very tender eggplant can be set in the frames and protected dur ing the chilly nights, and thus brought on at a time when It will command a good price. Or a hill of cucumbers can be planted under each sash from plants started in pots in the green house and brought on earlier than those in the open ground far south of us. Then after all the. plants have used the glass there Is no better place for the drying of fruit in summer than under these same sashes. Those whose interest is in the strawberry crop can use the sashes to cover straw berry plants set for this purpose in frames, and if the sashes are put" over them the 1st of March or a little ear lier, the crop is rapidly advanced and the blooms protected from frost so that the fruit goes' to market far ahead of the open-air crop. Tolaateer Pli From Farmers Review: In your Issue of January 15th I notice an arti cle on the Wild Goose plum. I have something remarkable to say about that plum. Ten years ago I purchased a farm in Wayne county. Illinois. There was one plum tree on which the plums began to ripen about the 25th of June. Some plum sprouts came up, and I saved them. In three years they bore fruit, which was a little late in ripening. I began to save other sprouts that came up, and now I have plums till the first of October. These trees bear heavy crops every year, and the fruit Is of a fine quality. How can this be accounted for? I have never transplanted, but have just saved the sprouts as they came up. I would like to know if any of the readers of the Farmers' Review have had a similar experience with the Wild Goose plum; or is this some other kind? The plums are bright red in color and large In size. J. M. Fidler. Waste aa the fans. From the Farmers' Review: One of the principal wastes on the farm Is the neglect of farm implements. None of our farmers look close after their machinery, which has cost them so much money. Another great waste it the care of live stock in winter, both as to shelter and feed. Frequently farmers will feed twenty-five, thirty, or more head of stock, out in an open lot They haul out "the fodder and scatter it over an open lot for the cat tle to pick up as best they can. They do the same with hay. Another great waste is neglect to save the droppings from the cattle and get them back on the land. All of these wastes could be avoided if the farmer would give them the consideration to which they are entitled. Altogether, probably 99 per cent of the waste on the farm is due to neglect and carelessness. Mark Whlttaker, Johnson County, Illinois. Aa Eaenaoai Wheat Crea. Our wheat crop in 1901 was nearly 450,000,000 bushels in excess of the crop of Russia, which is our nearest competitor. So many a deed of wrong for right Is - meant So many a right one done with ill in tent We cannot judge then why not kind ness give As on the just and unjust rain is sent? Isaac Bassett Choate. at Cfcevtet Farmers' Review: In select ing Cheviot sheep I did so with the be lief that I was not choosing i breed that had bean inbred to inch an extent as to weaken the vitality, which. In breeding has been carried to extremes In the case of some breeds. The Char iots are' active aad will get feed for themselves when other breeds will re ly on their owner for feed. In. connec tion with ray cattle, I .carry a small dock of registered Cheviot sheep. The Cheviot is a Scotch sheep, its native home being the Cheviot hills of Scot land. Dr. Stuart in writing of these sheep says: "The Cheviot is a .close, middle-wooled and heavy-muttoned sheep and carries more muscle and less adipose tissue than any other mutton sheep of either England or Scotland." Their points of excellence are: First, their extreme hardiness, which enables them to become adapted to almost any condition of climate or keep. They are what might be called natural rus tlers and will be found feeding when other more sluggish and lazy kinds are Sleeping. Their second excellence is the fleece, which is a thing of beauty being of a clean, white color, running from 5 to 6 inches long for one year's growth of fine quality. This wool fur nishes the material for the noted chev iots and tweeds, and brings the highest price in the market Their third excel lence Is, that the ewes are noted as, be ing excellent mothers, caring well for the lamb and giving a large quantity of milk, thus saving a large per cent of the lambs. As a breed they are very prolific. The rams when crossed on common ewes produce a large per cent of twins and the size of the progeny Is much Increased. No breed of sheep rank higher as mutton-producers hav ing the largest per cent of dressed meat in proportion to carcass and of excellent quality. A. E. Burleigh, Knox County. Missouri. Baeea Carers aad rig 'Feeders Heavy weights are not in demand now in the cattle, sheep, and pig sec tions of farm live stock, says North British Agriculturist On the other hand, "baby" beef and mutton are in demand, and "baby" pork. too. At the recent fat stock shows heavy-weighted cattle and sheep .were meeting a very dull sale, whereas cattle and sheep ot nice handy weights were in sharp de mand at very good prices. In the same way, pigs of heavy weights arc not in demand by bacon curers, and they consequently meet a dull trade Last week the Ayrshire bacon curers held a meeting at Kilmarnock for the purpose of taking concerted action in the way of inducing pig feeders to aim at producing the kind of pig that was wanted. Ayrshire bacon has an envi able reputation in the market, and it is for the interest of all bacon pro ducers to jealously guard the reputa tion of their product and to produce the kind of pig that yields the best meat, and commands the highest price. According to the unanimous finding oi the Ayrshire bacon curers. the kind ol pig that was wanted for bacon curing was from 5 to 6 stones of 24 lb. per stone; and the curers at the Kilmar nock meeting unanimously agreed tc give the top price for well-fed pigs ol this weight, all pigs above that weighl to be bought at a corresponding re duction on that top price. Pig feeder? should therefore take steps to ensure that their porkers are marketed in fit condition before they come to be over the age at which the top price is given by the curers, and this can only be done by having the animals well fed from the first, so that they never get a back-set in their progress. The same rule holds good In regard to cattle and sheep as well as In regard to pigs. A Coauaaa Coop. A common form of coop for hen and chickens is shown in the illustration. This coop Is easily made. By it the '".v;" i.ZJ L' Qmhooii A shaped coop with old hen is kept in restraint while the chicks have their freedom, being able to go in and out under the slats. This is suitable" for localities where cats, rats and other animals do not menace the chicks. Colored Moscovy Docks. From Farmers Rereiw: I have had but two years' experience with the Colored Muscovy Duck, but what I have had leads me to think that it Is the ideal duck for the villager or sub urbanite, who has only a limited amount of room. I find that they thrive and grow rapidly even when confined in small quarters. One point that I consider very much in their favor is the fact that they make no noise. They don't seem to have a "quack" in them. Another thing In their favor is that they start to lay very early in the spring and continue to lay almost con stantly until late in the summer. I consider them more of an ornamental duck than any of the others. I have found them rather hard to raise for the first two weeks after they are hatched, but after that period they grow very rapidly and mature quickly. I have experienced no difficulty In dis posing of all I have had to spare. Jas. W. Bell, Cook County, Illinois. Male aad Female IatsBlft-raHts. The annual report of the Commis sioner of Immigration at New York shows that the number of aliens arriv ing there during the year ending June 30. 1901. was 453,496. Of the 388,931 steerage aliens who arrived during the year the following totals are given for some of the principal countries; South ern Italian. 86,929 males, 24,396 fe males; Polish, 25,466 males, 12470 fe males; Slovak, 19,309 males, 7,623 fe males; Northern Italian, 16,202 males. 4,158 females; Scandinavian, 14,200 males, 9,981 females. The hen that is crop-bound had bet ter be sent to the pot as'soon as she recovers from an attack enough to be considered in good health. . A bird that has developed a tendency of that kind is very likely to be troubled with it frequently. Such a bird should not be bred from, and is therefore good only for the table. A poultry raiser says that poultry In confinement do not fatten as well or ss quickly on grain as on a mash. This is probably true, as the birds re quire exercise to help assist in grind ing the whole grain. In France, where birds are fattened in close confine ment only soft food Is used. Because of unwillingness to wear glasses, women suffer more from their eyes than do men. Small men have big opinions of themselves. "Y'.smwrwjpf -- a te( new rant fhom rimma. far Cfc ay Is sending us a couple of very novel setts, the skins of ponies and of calves''for-making motor-car dresses aad coats, aad the Russian blouses wealthy women are wearing so much this winter. The skins of the ponies are not very large, and are forwarded, manes and' all, to the furriers, but so fiar the manes have not been made useful. Perhaps the toy trade will eventually profit by them, 'and the fiery nursery steeds of the rocking-horse and Gray Dobbin .persuasion be equipped with the long silky hair of these creatures: Any one who has traveled in Rus sia will know the pale, tawny shade of the native pony, almost lion-like in color. It is also the commonly met hue of the little Scandinavian horses driven ta Norway almost exclusively, and much seen, too, in Sweden and Finland. The skin dyes brown and a. lovely jet black most successfully, and Is so strong that it is uncommonly suitable for rough-wear wraps. ' Nor Is it outrageously expensive. A Russian blouse made of it comes to 8 guineas. Motorists in the feminine world are wearing enormous coats still, but newer than these, are short, jaunty fur skirts and pouched boleros to match. Russian pony suite are certain to please them, and fur caps of the pelt are sent out with the toilette, so that the whole picture is complete. The Russian calf makes very pretty snow-white coats, tufted with black, and charming reveres, cuffs, ties and muff for cloth redlngotes. To some eyes this pelt wilF resemble miniver, but there Is a huge monetary differ ence betwen It and ermine, as well as a visible one, especially as miniver which is really ermine tufted with black tips of the tails only .instead of the tails themselves is daily going up in price, in view of the coronation and its requirements. PARIS UNDERTAKERS LAMENT. rawer Costly Faaerals Now taaa la te Geeel Old Tlsses. The last Paris exposition has been blamed for many things, but few peo ple suspected that it bas earned a grudge on the part of the undertakers. Such, however, proves to be the ease. A few days ago I was informed by a member of this somber fraternity that 1901 had been one of the worst years in his line that he could remember, and official statistics support his state ment. During last year the number of deaths in Paris was 2,500 fewer than the average, and one large firm of un dertakers did. 8,000 less business than In 1900, while another showed a de crease in receipts of 1,600. The prospect grows less promising every year. Every Sunday there is an average of 200 funerals in Paris, but last Sunday the number was only 160. The reduc tion In profits is attributed by the un dertakers to the exhibition, bad trade, and the increased cost of living, all of which have tended to keep Parisi ans away from the capital and make them practice economy even in fu nerals. The cheapest funeral in Paris costs 11 shillings, but, if one feels Inclined, one may spend as much as 12,000 on being buried. Among the costliest obsequies that France bas known was that of the Due d'Aumale, which cost 2,400; the Emperor of Brazil, 3,200, and that of the late Mr. Mackay, son of the silver king, the bill for which amounted to 8,000. The "Petticoat lasarrectlea." Perhaps the first "woman's right" movement in America was connected with the early history of the settle ment of Louisiana, for there early in the century occurred the famous "pet ticoat insurrection." The French girls who had come to settle in the country under allurements which proved de ceptive were particularly indignant at being fed upon corn. Bienville thus reports the matter in one of his dis patches: "The males in the colony begin, through habit, to be reconciled to corn as an article of nourishment, but the females, who are mostly Pa risians, have for this kind of food a dogged aversion, which has not yet been subdued. Hence, they Inveigh bitterly against his grace, the Bishop of Quebec, who, they say, has enticed them away from their home under the pretext of sending them to enjoy the milk and honey of the land of prom ise." Pearson's Magazine. The Same Race. To-day we are the same race, with the same impulse, the same power and, because there is no longer a frontier to absorb our overplus of energy, be cause there is no longer a wilderness to conquer, we remember the old days when our ancestors before us founded the outlet for their activity checked and,' rebounding, . turned their faces eastward, and went down to invade the Old World. So we. No sooner have we found that our path westward has ended than, reacting eastward, we are at the Old World again, marching against it. invading it. devoting our overplus to its subjugation. But though we are the same race, with the same impulses, the ' same blood instincts as the old Frisian marsh people, we are now come into a changed time and the great world of our century is no longer war but trade. The World's Work. e The Chaaerea la Sasaea. The chaperon is an important per son In Samoa. She is the constant companion of the taupou. or village guide, who is appointed to entertain strangers, and show them the various sights. Each village in Samoa elects a girl for this office, and it is necessary that she should be the daughter of a chief. Her house is provided for her by the village, and she is surrounded by a court of native girls. No man who lives in the village is allowed to enter the sacred precincts, and the taupou goes nowhere without an elder ly woman. If the taupou resigns her office, the chief can appoint another damsel of high degree. e Learatag; frees Asserlea. Frank Roberts, an eminent authority on the erection of steel works, who ha been employed by all the first-class steel manufacturers in Philadelphia has lately reported on the steel works of the Consett company, of Bolskow VaiiKhn Co.. and of Guest. Keen & Co.. the three largest works in th United Kingdom. He recommends extensive and costlj reconstruction of the furnaces at th Dowlais and Cardiff works of the last named firm, and. realizing that the al terations are necessary for successful competition with foreign manufactur ers, the firm is reported to be deter mined to start the work without delay. e The Wood of an eel injected into a vein is deadly poison to a mac. M.M.m..M.mLM..m...M..M.m.M... . - I Gifairttc EMjjmHtwg I Scheme The proposed draining of the Zuyder iee. which has been under dlscuesie or the past century, is popularly look d upon as an engineering problem in and reclamation without a parallel in oatomporary history. The land that ronld be reclaimed by thi work would e about 750 square miles. In comparison the Engineerings -lews refers to a work in this direction tow being carried out along the Mis lssippi which will reclaim a tract' of and 3,500 square miles in extent The vork or reclaiming the St Francis ba in, which lies on the west bank of he Mississippi between New Madrid, n Missouri, and Helena, in Arkansas, s already well under way, only a few .dditlonal miles of levees being neces ary to complete the artificial banks vhich are to hold in check the flood raters of the Mississippi. The soil is in alluvia deposit, and therefore re narkably fertile and capable of the ilghest cultivation. A comparison of the extent of the It Francis basin with the combined ireas ot Rhode Islaad'and Delaware ;ives a good idea'of its magnitude. All tf this area was recently overflowed y the waters of the Mississippi. With Jie exception of a few gap3 there has een constructed in this work a con tinuous line of levees some 212 miles -uTjvxnjTnruTru-Lririru-M-M-i-i- - ------ t GLORY OF -js--' $ n TENNESSEE: - f The Hon. J. B. Frazier spoke in re sponse to the toast "James K. Polk" Mfore the Tennessee society at St. Louis on Jackson day. was as follows: His peroration daughters of left the old fortunes with "To you, sons and Tennessee, who have aomes and cast your :his splendid and prosperous city, and linked your lives with the destinies Df another state, it may be that, as revolving years bring gray hairs, dim med eyes and tottering footsteps, you will turn again with longing looks to ward the blue mountains of Tennes see. Tennessee! that sleeping beauty af undeveloped empire, whose head Is pillowed where the morning sunlight kisses the summits of the Unaka mountains! whose body Is clasped in the sinuous arms of the Tennessee and Cumberland, and whose feet are bathed in the turbid waters of the mighty Mississippi! Grand and raa iestic she lies her bosom heaving with the consciousness of undeveloped riches and power, her head crowned with the glory of the Appalachian for est! Fair and well-beloved Tennessee! I have seen her when her towering mountains seemed to stand on tiptoe to kiss th? passing clouds. I have seen these same clouds gathered together Canned Horse Me&i REGULAR INDUSTRY CARRD eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee The horse-pickling works at Linn ton will probably resume operations by the middle of next month. This state ment, in face of the fact that Oregon cayuse ponies are meeting a better de mand now than for many years, seems odd, but it is true and there is good reason for it. While 10.000 or more cow ponies have gone from the ranges of eastern Oregon this year to supply the needs of the British armies in South Africa and thousands are yet to go. and the price paid has been very satisfactory to the producer, the fact remains that great numbers of scrub ponies are left on the ranges ornery, unbroken, in tractable, useless little brutes, consum ing feed that ought to go to the fat tening of meat cattle. The British army will take smaller animals than will find a ready market elsewhere, but they must be sound and well bro ken to ride. Thousands of the cayuses will not meet these specifications. Not only will they not bring 35 each from the British, but they are not wanted at any price by the British or any body else. They are either not sound of wind and limb, or are untamable, or both. They are a drug on the mar ket. They belong to anybody who CIVIC PRIDE. Trastee Waated to Cowr Up Tawa Edacatleaal Umllatlaas. The town trustees of Pokevillc or dered the building of a hexagonal shimney for the water works. It was to be paid for by the cubic foot, and. after the work had been lone, the contractor asked the princi pal of the high school to compute the wild contents of the chimney. The principal complied, and the contractor presented the bill at the next regular neeting of the town board. "How do we know these figures are orrect, Mr. President?" asked one of he trustees. "If I may say a word. Mr. Presi ient." said the contractor, "he knows .e wii aa I do. We've got to take tfr. Guffey's figures. -He's the only nan In town that's an expert in math matics." "Wouldn't it be well, Mr. President. ' isked the same trustee, "to employ wme outside expert to make the cal culation?" "I think not." said the president or he board, with a solemn shake of the fficial head. "That would be a con 'esslon that we haven't even one man in town who is good at Aggers." The bill was allowed by unanimous ;ote. m Chamberlain Blast Have SsalleS. John Redmond's recent ironical trib- ite to Joseph Chamberlain in a par- iomntiirv debate. "You ought to be nade king." recalls the fact that this s not the first time the colonial sec retary has been recommended for a ngber post than he seems likely to each. The first recommendation, towever. was not made in irony but n the good faith of perfect iwines3. t was at the time Queen Victoria vis ted Birmingham, fifteen years ago. Chamberlain's carriage was blocked, 'or some minutes and he found hlm :elf the object of a fluent and some-vhat- disordered haraas:e from a - . - - mrf - - , m. m. M? i tkkftt WtMv JRW a Oami 5aV Jt 1 V" V 1 I in length. The worh hsj under the suservMeai of the flt els levee beards of Missouri and At-. kaneas, acting: in costfunctiea with United States government The ex penditures of the two hoards together to date amount to about fl.8W.fi8t, while the government has expended) about 8750.0W addition. Already the reclaimed land has appreciated in vahss many times its origiaal valuation, aaii is aow held at 869 an acre. . Railroads now intersect the reclaimed area -ia several directions, numerous Industrial establishments have been .built, the population has been doubled, and a geaeral prosperity has appeared where originally there were only waste swamps. It Is, however, not only in the ex tent of the undertaking that the 9t Francis basin reclamatlorv is notable, but in the very low cost at whka !t has been accomplished! The work ef reclaiming about 2.500 square miles of. the Nile valley in Egypt is now betsig carried out by the building of dams at Assouan aad Assiont at an estimated cost of 825.000.000. while the entire re clamation of the 3.500 square miles ef the St Francis basin will not cost more than 85.000,909 all told, or only 81,430 per square mile, compared with 810,000 in the Egyptian reclassatlon. in battle array, and with streaming banners and flashing fires, sad roar ing cannons. I have seen them beat and storm, and rage against her rock ribbed, but impregnable battlements. . I have seen them driven back and with a scream of rage seek their haunts amid the deeper defiles of her mountain gorges. I have seen her again when all was calm as a Sabbath day when the morning sunlight was tipping her mountain tops with its golden glory, and gilding the dewdrops from every forest, and' leaf and flower. I have looked down in the beautiful valleys, and have seen her winding rivers flow ing with clear, translucent waters on their peaceful journey to the sea. I have seen her fertile - fields rich in the exuberance of hergolden harvest, r have seen her green meadows dotted with lowing herds, and I have listened to the music of the, tinkling bells on the browsing sheep under her hill sides. When I have thus seen her In all her pristine beauty and loveliness, and have known her people so brave nnd generous and. 'progressive, and patriotic I have thanked my God that I was bora by the laughing waters ot one of her beautiful rivers, and that my ancestors sleep beneath the shad ows of Tennessee's majestic moun tains." 0 ON AT UNNTON, OREGON. e cares to put a brand on them. They, are wild horses, and nobody wants them; but each of these animals takes as much range as would be required for the sustenance of a steer that will dress 1,000 pounds. The stockmen want the range for their cattle, and the railroad companies are glad to assist in taking the useless cayuse ponies out of the country, so there will be' more room for stock that will yield money to producers and carriers. Therefore the railroads are willing to make a very low rate for carrying the cayuses to the Linnton abattoir, and the movement thither will soon be re sumed. The average cayuse pony taken to the Linnton abattoir yields only about sixty pounds of merchantable meat, the rest of the carrass going Into fer-. tlllzer. glue, leather, etc. This meat is carefully pickled in tierces, and is shipped to market in France and Hol land, where the prejudice against horse meat is not so strong as it Is In this country. These horses bring from $2.75 to $3 each, delivered at the rail road. They are mostly owned by the Indians, the animals owned by white' men seldom being so useless as to find their best market at the shambles. Portland Oregonian. wwwwmMAmAMM member of the crowd who had forti fied himself extensively against the la bors of the day. "Yer ain't in offlc now. Joe," ran the peroration, "but I'll tell yer what I sees in the future 1 sees Hengland and Hamerica union-' ated into one republic yns, and you'll be the fust president." Tales ef Lor BasssM. The story of the late bishop of Lon don's time-saving greeting-to the sup--pliant clergy who came to him, "Good morning: what do you want? No!' ' bas its fellow in a formula the Iatf lord chief justice of England used toa junior: "Stand tip. speak up. shut npS But Lord Russell of Killowen was not always so brutally frank. He tem pered the wind to the shorn Iamb Justice Walton, who was associated with him. says he cannot remembet ever to have received from his ieadet ' a reproach expressed in violent Ian- -guage. When once or twice he was caught napping by Lord Russell the worst he had to hear was, "Oh. J" thought you were taking a note." oW "Oh. I see. you have something els'1 to do." And that was quite enough. - - Xoaks Get Bach Their Laad. South Germany's oldest monastery, -the Benedictine abbey of Wessobrun, founded in 735 and confiscated in 1803, has been restored to the Benedictine', order by Baron von Cramer-KIett. a Protestant, and will soon be reoccupied by the monks. The baron bought all the lands and remaining buildings of the old abbey for 900.000 marks from the Bavarian state and sold them tc. the Benedictines for a nominal sum. "What have you ever done to de-" serve the office to which you aspire? asked the voter. ' " " - "Nothing." answered the candidate' frankly. "If I had ever done anything to thoroughly qualify me for so im-'' portant a position I could probably make a great deal store money as a . private citizen." Sea I A-. Jf frtiia. v. :! Sfj f -I 9 I; I' Sr. I I- T' .J-" ' . UJ &-&u&w&Vr- - ho-ft.w. jsy'i&:&j ft- iT'5-'Sw "-t jS-- . &. I ,Jti- -i?w !L-r'- t -r-" r-- &j r.. (s : - " -v ? - . ' Atsasifo'tt 4 ' '- s- l' u ' ' - -S5- C