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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 5, 1902)
M - jr 1 - - - w rv --2- r i- i-V m n ft AMPFIRE k amine for the aew Bad taps for the aid And tae dawa of a better day. Hi tae ptowauB's eboat in tae rice eld greea. . Aad Ue gleam of a kerchief gay. When the womea wash on the river The river that lows along, 'Aad. iato the aea that sings for aye Adeea-voiced welcome song. Reveille for "the aew aad tape for the ' old. the trenches are leveled down, the sua-flac waved denance - wild- To the legioas clad in brown. Where the Maaser spoke and the skir .saishers Charged down in dread array, Aad they who fell found a ready grave la the lead-tora trench that day. Reveille for the aew and taps for the old. Aad the dawn of a better day. When the bolo rusts on the bamboo wall Aad the tears are wiped away. Waea the brown maa finds a brother The white man firm and true, Oae people, one God, and just one flag, iThe old red, white ani blue. -Robert B. Carr in Denver Times. Array OrgMiTatloa. fa regard to army organization we have leaned some lessons. For.ln staace. it is known that our commis sary and transport systems in China were excelled by those of no other na :tkm except possibly Japan. The Ger nuas. whom Mr. Poultney Bigelow holds atf as our model, were notori ously badly oft, and it is said that our quartermaster department actually provided them with overcoats. It must ha remembered that any system, even the best. Is ikely to go to pieces in actaal war. The Germans have not beea tested for thirty years. Further. ft caa not be too strongly insisted that we do not want any such system as that of the Germans. Our theory is totally different We think it better aad cheaper to take some chances, and to meet emergencies as they arise. War is not our business, and we can aot make our people believe that It is. Of coarse, we were not ready for the Spaaish war. Yet we got ready for it, aad fought it through to victory con dactiag operations on opposite sides of the globe In less than four months. It was a great scramble, yet we doubt whether even Germany could beat that record. Yet there should be reform in maay particulars. Our regular army aaoald be the best in the world, armed throaghout with modern weapons. thoroaghly equipped and drilled, and orgaalxed oa the best possible lines. The relations between it and the Na tloaal Guard should be much closer thaa they are. The whole staff depart ment should be organized for efficien cy, aad should be regarded as one of the most important branches of the service Hen who are chosen to com maad other men in war must b: chos aa solely for their fitness. Indianap olis News. CklU Mmy "Ceate A Cropper". If Chili and the Argentine Republic go to war Chili, the swaggering South American bantam. Is likely to have her wlags clipped; for, on paper at least, the Argeatine is the much more power ful aatioa, says the New York Press. Ever since Chili whipped Peru she has beea Insolent to all nations, especially to the United States, a country which .the majoriy of Chilanos believe she could bring to terms with ease and dispatch. Chili has a population of about 3.000,000. while the Argentine has a population of 4,000,000. In area Chili is less than 300.000 square miles, while the Argentine has an area of aearly 4,000.000 square miles. Chill's regular army consists of 9,000 men and her reserve forces of 30,000 men, while the Argentine has nearly 30.000 men la her army and a reserve of 480.000, early all of whom have received mil itary training. Every year this na tloaal guard is mobilized and receives two months' training in a camp of in struction, besides their drills during the rest of the year. The Argentine aavy coasists of four coast defense moaitors, of which two are of the new type, six armored cruisers, three second-class cruisers of high speed, seven smaller cruisers and gunboats of mod ern build and several of old type: three torpedo boat destroyers and twelve first-class and ten second-class torpedo boats. Five of the armored cralsers are of nearly 7,000 tons dis placement and of modern build. They are replete with every modern appli ance aad designed for a speed of 20 hmota an hour. Chili is boastful of her aavy. It coasists of five armored cralsers. including the old Huascar aad the Almlraate Cochran, built In 1174; the Captain Prat, Esmeralda and 0H1gglae are the only armored cruis ers la her aavy worth talklag about Thea she has two second-class and three third-class cruisers and eleven gaaboats of small account, the most of them. She has also four destroyers aad flfteea first-class aad four second claw torpedo boats. Recent experimeata made in Norway have proved that snow is a substance which offers a aurprisiag resistance to penetration by a rifle bullet Its re- been found to be far wood, though not of great as earth. It was that a wall of snow fan . thick. Is absolutely proof against the Nerwegiaa army rifle, which Is an arm af great penetrative force. Volleys ware fired at the anew breastworks, tat at a dMaace of half a mile, and thaa gradually at decreasing distances. watil the range was only fifty yards aad the white walls were aot oace This suggests a of field defease ia winter being much more eas ily amndted thaa earth or aaad bags. themselves in he a novel aad nlc- It la diapalad whether JacksoB made use of ia his defeases at the hat. Ua Mew Orleans, though he got the arama far aaving eoae so. whether h a r aat he wOl have to give place fa the aastter of. novel breastworks to the' anmaral who shall first aae field of aaow. -New York stationed at the the foBowiag story about ha waa warriag la nays' the Saa Fraacw- the The Morros are tk Halted States govera- zt. 'aaW their chiefs and the omcers civilities onem. - lialmr aaaw aw""""- ew - . Ttaaaa latraf hlai SKETCHES. all the Filipinos, aad when Gen. Kobbe waats iaformation about people or coaditkms he calls upon his Mono friends for it During the past year Gen. Kobbe asked his Monro friends to arrest a Filipino criminal for him. Several of the fleet-footed Morros be gan the hunt and they were terrify ing, for they dress always !n bright scarlet They were absent several days, and they came into Gen. Kobbe's headquarters carrying a basket The general turned to them aad asked: -Well," did you bring back your man?" They shook their heads and looked ashamed. Then one of them removed the cover from the basket and out rolled the head of the culprit "We regret exceedingly, your excellency," said they with much Spanish cere mony, and bowing to the earth, "but this Is all of him we could fetch back with us." The general accepted their apology. Coallag Statleae Next. It Is hinted at the Navy Department that plans are being formulated for the acquirement of coaling stations foi the use of our warships which will de fend the Isthmian canal. Now that the treaty is signed and England has sub mitted to our demand that we defend the canal according to our wishes, it has become incumbent upon our Navy Department to make such preparations as are necessary for the maintenance of a fleet in the vicinity of the pro posed caaal. The stations will be es tablished at Almirante Bay. the Chl riqui Lagoon, Colombia; the Gulf of Duice, Costa Rica, the Danish West Indies and the Gallapagoos Island, off the coast and belonging to Ecuador. Admiral Dewey says the canal can be defended only by the navy. Rear Ad miral Br&ndford, chief of the Bureau of Equipment, and a member of the Naval War Board, says the defense of the canal will be the guns of the Am erican fleet, and in order that the fleet may operate from near-by bases it Is necessary that they be established without delay. Army and Navy Jour nal. A Flxhtlar Bteghaeat. Back of the simple announcement that the Twenty-third United States Infantry arrived at New York on De cember 1 on the United States trans port Buford, there is a story which constitutes one of the most picturesque chapters in the history of the Spanish war. In the three and a half years which have passed since it sailed from San Francisco for Manila this regi ment has fought in nearly every island of the Philippine archipelago which has been entered by the American ar my. It has taken part in more thaa fifty battles and innumerable skir mishes, and though fighting a half savage enemy in an unknown country, it has never known defeat For eigh teen months it has pursued the treach erous insurgents through strange Is lands, thrashing them wherever It found them, and it now comes home with the distinction of being the only regiment of the regular army of the United States that has ever circum navigated the globe. Army and Navy Journal. A Deserter's Hovel Flea. The principjle embodied in the re cent decision of the United States Su preme Court, that the Philippines arc a part of the United States, was re cently applied in a novel way by the secretary of the navy. He was called upon to rule in the case of an enlisted man who deserted from the navy In the Philippines nearly three years ago and who claimed immunity from pun ishment under the regulation which provides that a deserter who remains within the boundaries of the United States for two years cannot be prose cuted after the expiration of that pe riod. The secretary decided that as the Philippines are American territory the plea was good, and the complaint was therefore dismissed. Army and Navy Journal. The Late Uewteaaat Frick. After a service of twenty-one yean in the United States navy and a long period of honorable retirement Lieut Horace F. Frick died recently at Phil adelphia. The last cruise of Lieut Frick was on the NIpsic, which was attached to the United State3 squadron at Apia, on the Island Upolu, Samoa group, at the time of the destructive hurricane of March. 1899, when several warships were sunk and many lives were lost military Seheele Get a Kettce. Adjutant General Phisterer of the New York National Guard has dis covered an old law forbidding the imi tation of chevrons and soldier straps used by the militia, and has notified the various military schools of the state that they must abandon the prac tice. Wtae Oatpat or the World. In the supplement issued wttfc ihe Chamber of Commerce Journal cf ttte month there are given special reports on the Paris international exhibition ol last year. In the report on vine cul ture Sir James BIyth enumerates the ascertained results of the wine indus try of the world. The total productlor of wine in 1900 is put down at 3,618, 700,000 gallons. Of this total. 3,403. 000,000 gallons were produced in Eu rope and 206.000,000 gallons in Ameri ca, while the British empire, with a vastly larger area than Europe and embracing every variety of soil and cli mate, is only represented by a produc tion of some 9,000,000 gallons, or a four hundredth part of the whole. France with a yield of 1,482.000,000 gallons stands easily first as the leading wine producer. Her contribution was abou half the yield of all Europe and con siderably more than a third of that o; the entire globe. London Chronicle. Beeer Belter In 1900 there was about one boilei explosion daily, on the average in the United States, and there were 788 vic tims of explosions during the year In Great Britain during the same year there were only twenty-four person? killed by boiler explosions and only sixty-five wounded eighty-aine vic tims. Oaly Tata He OMa't Get. "Well, my little man." said the preacher.-the day after, "did you get everything you expected to on Christ- ?" "Nope. I didn't get one thing told me I was going to get" "In deed Aad what was that?" "The stummlck ache." The man oa the sidewalk sees -more of the procession than the drum majoi EXPERT At CAMNET-tUKER. Minneapolis has a successful cablaet maker In the person of Miss Helen Heisser. whoae work is equal In point of excellence to that of any of her masculine competitors. She has act up her bench ia her owa apartments and there she may ha found aay day fashioning some artistic piece of .work' out of the rough boarde which aha pro cures from a neighboring lumber yard. Miss Heisser la her owa designer and her work aot only shows excellent workmanship, bat orlglaality along lines that are soundly artistic Her work has raaged from an ordinary kitchen shelf to the finest kiad of del icately wrought little mahogany boxes and chests of drawers. The young zabinet-maker has had no assistance, and the transformatioa from rough boards to the polished and carved work is accomplished wholly by band tools. Woods are bought in rough boards and Miss Heisser even does her own veneering. The finest piece of work turned out last fall Is a tiny ma hogany chest of drawers four inches in height and five aad a half inches in width. This miniatare piece of fur niture is for a man's writing table and intended for small articles of dress pins, studs, cuff links and collar but tons. Quite in contrast to this is a heavy, solid dark walnut reading table with a sloping top on which to rest heavy books. A substantial bench be longs with this table. A large and handsome piece of work Is a screen six feet In height in three panels. This was carved and stained green. .Some of the finest carving has been done on boxes and jewel cases, but book racks also afford an opportunity for carving and work in color. Until this fall she has been occupied chiefly in teaching. She took the manual training course at the central high school and followed this by a course in kindergartening. While in school she executed several good pieces of construction work and wood-carving, following designs made by her sister. Miss Margarethe E. Heis ser, art teacher at the Moorhead nor mal school and formerly a leader of the Minneapolis art colony. For near ly two years Miss Helen Heisser taught manual training at the school for the feeble-minded at Faribault giving up that work last summer. Chicago Chronicle. AN INCOMPARABLE SYSTEM. Is That af TraaseertaUea la the Valted One of the Important factors in the strength of our industrial position is the unquestioned superiority of our transportation system, says Frank A. Vanderlip in Scribner's Magazine. If one has fresh in mind the picture of our luxurious trains, mammoth en gines, and, more important still, our standard fifty-ton freight cars, it makes the Europeans seem like ama teurs in the science of transportation when we see their toy cars, small lo comotives, and generally slow-going administration. If one looked into the matter with the eye of an expert, studying the unit of cost the freight charges per ton per mile, or the mil eage rate for passenger service., and made comparative statistics of the ton nage of freight trains and the cost of moving them, he would discover a startling lack of efficiency, both in Great Britain and on the continent. Perhaps it is not quite fair to make comparisons of the average cost of freight traffic per ton per mile in America and in Europe, because the average haul is much shorter there, and terminal expenses of a haul are prac tically the same whatever its length. The average charge per ton per mile on all American railroads for all class es of freight is now less than of a cent If we take the statistics of the eastern trunk lines alone, that figure would be cut to about cent per ton per mile. It compares with 2.4 in Great Britain, 2.2 in France, 1.6 in Germany, and 2.4 in Russia. One of the most remarkable illustrations of the failure of European managers, of industries to keep pace with the times is found in a comparison of the ef ficiency of their railroads with ours. English railroads charge three times as much to move a ton of freight as it can be moved for in America. Eng lish railroad managers have failed to grasp the economies that are made possible by heavy traffic, by the use of engines of enormous capacity and freight cars that will carry fifty tons. But if the English railroads have failed to keep iace with ours, what can be said of the continental roads? Short trains, with pigmy freight cars, each car holding only about eight tons, make clear to any layman the handi cap which high transportation charges have laid on industry all over Europe. rhe Kaclfch of Aastralla. One of the gold field papers in west ern Australia has been bewailing the uncultured "accent" adopted by "edu cated" children in the "Westralian" state schools. In proof of this such examples are given as '"ee-yuh" for "here." "patickler" for "particular," "bin," for "been," and "seen" fot "saw." It is pointed out, however, that in other parts of the Australian continent a more objectionable form of language, the use of slang, predomi nates. A head is a "top-piece" or a "napper," eyes "lamps" or "ogles." aa ear is a "lug" or a "paddlebox," a mouth Is a "kisser" or "mush," a face is a "dial" or a "phiz," and legs are "dutches," an abbreviation of "Dutch pegs." London Daily Chronicle. Hh) Pelat at Vaatage. "You say yon were a guest at the dinner party where this army officer is said to have exhibited marked indi cations of intoxication?" "Yes, judge." "Did you see anything that would lead you to believe that he was drunk?" "Yes, judge. His legs looked very unsteady. They seemed to waver at times and knock together." "Were you in position to form an accurate opinion regarding these sus picious Indications?" "Yes, judge. I was under the table at the time." Aa Iaterraate "Brethren," said Rev. Mr. Hinnr krit as he made an attempt, to see ho much was in the contribution bo without attracting undue attention "the Lord loves a cheerful giver." "Yes." broke in a small boy from the back of the church, "but you hain't one; ma says jrour wife gets 90 cents a week to live on. aad that's all yoc ever give her." "Brother Taster, lead us la prayer said Rev. Mr. Hipperkrit gfcriag ic the direction of the voice. And tie services proceeded. FARM AND GARDEN. MATTERS OF INTEREST TO AQSJ-CULTUMSTS. Cp-te-lJate atlate vatlea- ef the, aett Thereof BTortteeJtare. VJUeattera Slericaltmre. - Votes em lews leoriaeeahv At the Iowa Agricultural College, lo cated at Ames, Iowa, there have beea carried on for, a number of years In teresting experiments with field crops. One cannot help wondering what would result if the common farmers of the country went to work la 'as syste matic a manner aa do the men at these colleges. The volume of agricultural products turned out would be Immense ly Increased. e e e About 50 varieties of com ware triad la 1898 and la 1899. Ia lMf the atee teea best varieties were selected for field work. Five of the best varieties yielded from 90.9 to 100.3 bushels per acre, while the poorest of them yield ed 52.5 bushels per acre. Yet this lat ter yield is far ahead of the average yield of corn la the United States or in Iowa. It is iaterestlag In this con nection to note the annual yields of corn in bushels In the state of Iowa. They were as follows: 1891, 36.7; 1893, 28.3; 1893, 33.9; 1894, 15; 1895. 35.1; 1896, 39; 1897, 29; 1898, 35; 1899. SI; 1900, 38. Yet at the experiment sta tion of that same state the lowest yield was more thaa 13 bushela better than the best average for the years quoted. This shows what method will do. It illustrates the truth that if a man knows what he should know about the cause and effect of cultivatioa, the conservation of fertility and the result of methods of culture he can be rea sonably certain of having a good crop almost any year. e e e The average results at the station for two years gave 71.9 bushels per acre with deep cultivatioa, and 82.4 with shailow cultivation. This bears out the opinions expressed by so maay readers of the Farmers' Review that deep cultivation ia harmful for corn, and that shallow cultivation la the only kind that should be given it The difference of 11 bushela per acre, as shown here, Is very marked. e e e Sorghum was sown under the best of conditions and gave 29 tons of green feed per acre, equal to 12 tons of sor ghum hay. After the barley was har vested in July sorghum was sown and by September 20 was well headed and stood 7 feet high. It yielded 21 tons to the acre and was cured Into 7 tons of sorghum hay. This illustrates the ease with which an added supply of winter forage may be obtained after the grain crops are gathered. e e e Their experiences in growing rape were no less striking. Rape sown May 24 and harvested September 10, gave 21 tons of green feed to the acre. Still better results were obtained when six pecks of oats and one pound of rape seed were sown together in the spring. A 60-bushel oat crop was obtained and 18 tons of rape. This was in 1899. On the following year the same combina tion waa again tried on upland and lowland. On the lowland, the rape grew so rank that the oats were entirely smothered out, but on the upland a good crop of each was harvested. Restorlag tueat Fertility. From Farmers' Review: A question has been asked as to the quickest method of restoring fertility to an exhausted soil. The answer will de pend on the kind of a soil and what it lacks. Most exhausted soils are such because they lack humus more than anything else. This exhaustion of hu mus has been caused by long and improper cropping. What is the best method depends on circumstances. Barnyard manure, being a complete fertilizer t.nd furnishing a large amount of mature vegetable matter, will give humus after it is decayed. It Is therefore a good thing to apply, the only drawback being that It some times cannot be procured in necessary quantities. The sowing of cow peas la a good and cheap method for some soils, if the soils are in localities where cow peas will grow. Bone meal, phosphate and nitrate of soda are also good fertilizers on some soils for some crops. Each particular case must be treated in a manner peculiar to itself, depend ing on location, kind of soil, how it has been cropped in the past and what Is intended to be grown on it in the future. E. A. Riehl, Madison county, I:llnoia WeaM Not Flew Hay From the Farmers' Review: When, more than fifty years ago, my father went from Western New York, to look over Southern and Central Michigan, he returned saying that about one third of the country was waste land, owing to the many marshes, large and small. "Now for about thirty years I have beea having active experience la handling this land, and' have now more than one hundred acres of differ ent kinds of marsh and swamp land. In this time I have paid not less than- five hundred dollars tax for township ditches, and have spent as much more in reclaiming some of this land. As a result I have dried out a good many small "cat holes," as we, call them here, and am aow in full use for crop ping purposes of a few tracts con taining one to three acres, bace boggy, worthless swamp land. It should be said that In this coua try we have three distinct kinds of muck land: Oae Had la spriagy aad is always soft and miry, summer aad winter. This land Is productive when once dried out but most efforts to drain it have proved dismal failures. Within two miles of my home are sev eral tracts of two to ten acres, which have been ditched with great expease. and have produced a few crops of po tatoes, cabbages, onions aad celery, but the cost of keepiag the ditches la workiag order was too great aad aome wet season has "swamped" them, so that now, their last coadittoa Is worse than the first; they are covered with bogs and the coarsest most worthless grass. The third kind of soil Is found la our "marshes," which are generally cut for hay. Many efforts to plow these and seed to tame grasses have been made, but with poor' success. Timothy and red-top soon run out aad the tendency is for a poorer, coarser quality of grass to take their place. I believe the best way to use this mad is to aow at times seed of tame grasses and harrow the sod over, so that a better quality of hay caa be cat oa these aataral meadows; but 1 think the origiaal sod should not ha de stroyed by the plow. I prise the hay from this land very mach for same uaes. aa' I have written you before. All my attempts to reclaim the spriagy land first mentioned, have beea fail ures. I sm well acquainted with the celery laada of Kilsmssoo and etae places which are .of a similar char acter, bat thaw are only kept la aae by aa extensive 'system of open ditches, which control the outflow af tae.sprlags aad fit the land for these special crops. For this class of mad the best way to to get it aad keep It ia grass. For this purpose it ia very valuable, especially during oar dry summers. Stock will feed oa these pets day after day, while apland is dry aad barren la the hot mon;s. I would summarise by saying that ia a general way for farmers the heat aae to make of all spriagy aad swamp land aa dletlact from marsh meadows is to aae them for pasture, and for pas ture only, never disturbing the orig iaal sod, but Introducing tame grasses as fast aa possible. If I had adopted this principle twenty-five years ago it would have saved me great expense aad disappointment--S. W. Gibsoa. Rate County, Michigan. Fralte m Farmer Caa ! From Farmers' Review: What fruit can . farmer raise for his own u.e with the least trouble? I would aay apples, pears, cherries, for loag-Uvod trees; peach aad plum, particularly; Wild Goose. Abundance. Fool's Pride (for pie), Lombard and Burbank plums for quick results in tree fruits. Quinces of the orange varioty are easi ly grown and the trees are productive. He can grow the Houghton, Downing, Pearl aad Red Jacket gooseberries, and for currants, Fay, Pomona, Red Cross and White Grape. Among the black berries I would name Snyder, Stone's Hardy and Erie. Among the blackcap raspberries he will find Kansas, Gregg and Colnmbiaa of value; for rede I recommend Loudon and Scarlet Gems. Strawberries are very productive but need a great deal of care and culture to give good results. Huckleberries and barberries (an excellent substi tute for cranberries) are very produc tive here, even under neglect No plant will do well and raise itself; the better culture, the better results. The Farmers' Review has asked the question, "How shall we encourage the raising of fruit on the farm?" I answer (a) By citing the experience of many successful growers in all sec tions, having them tell how they ac complished these results; (b) by teach ing through farm papers practical plant physiology, as well as aome wf the simple facts of culture, also point ing out the diseases and how to cope against them; (c) by encouraging -be planting of varieties of known merit leaving experiments with new and fancy sorts to our experiment stations; (d) since fruit growing pays better than anything else on the farm, farm ers should be 'encouraged to make it a department of their vocation, the same aa poultry or stock. I have been asked this question, "How many farmers in your vicinity raise all the fruit their families can use?" In answer I will say less than one in ten; but in this respect condi tions are very rapidly improving. J. W. Griesemer, Tazewell County, Illinois. Fcleace la Tree Settle From the Farmers' Review: My ar ticle in the December 11 issue of the Farmers' Review should have read, on the matter of setting trees in Febru ary, "in the line of the sun in Febru ary at one o'clock." or it might have been better to have said "to set oui apple trees on the line of the sun't shadow, north and south, at on o'clock in February." My reasons foi this are these: If a tree is set up per pendicular and it is barked or injured by the sun, it will invariably be fount' injured on the side facing half-pasl one o'clock. This never varies, not even as much as our time pieces vary .We find these dead spots on the sunn? side of many of our trees that face the sun at all hours from eight a. m. to five p. m. If a tree leans from any point ol the compass from the sun from eighl to five It will be injured where it leant from the sun the most direct, and nc injury will be found where the tree if leaning to the sun. For this reasor. you will see the great importance ol the admonition I have so often repeat, ed in my articles relative to setting and training a tree to grow to and not from the sun here in the northwest East of Chicago this precaution it not necessary, but north and west o! Chicago it is an imperative necessity. I have seen trees seriously injured Ic Michigan from sun scald, but nevet in the middle or in the New England states. But here in the northwest it ii thought by many of our best observini orchardi8t8 to have been the cause ol more injury to our bearing trees that all other causes. It does not injure our trees under seven years old a much as It does those from seven tc twenty. After fifteen or twenty the are cither ready 'to die or else hav been so grown as to protect themselvei and protect one another. Edson Gay lord, Floyd County, Iowa. The -tVor;a Battar Record Brokea. From Farmers' Review: From De cember 17th to December 23rd. Inclus ive, seven days, the Holstein-Frlesian cow Mercedes Julip's Pietertje 39480 produced 480 pounds of milk, contain ing 23.4857 pounds butter fat equiva lent to 29 pounds 5.7 ounces butter, 80 per cent fat, or 27 pounds 6.4 ounces 85.7 per cent fat This record was .made at the Minnesota Experiment Station under the direction of Profes sor T. L. Haeckcr. The last three days of the test the cow was under super vision day aad night of two repre sentatives of that station. The product duric these three days was 10.562? pounds fat The largest product lor one day was 3.7684 pounds and wai made when under constant watch, on the sixth day of the test The aver age per cent of fat curing the weei was 4.02 per cent; during the three days under constant watch-care A was 4.21 per cent a Hoxie, Sunt H. F. Ad. Reg. Professor Behrlng, a German, whe was recently awarded the Nobel med ical prize, has announced that his ex periments demonstrated the possibilitj of rendering cattle immune from tu berculosis by inoculation. He pro poses to employ the Nobel prize money in combating cattle tuberculosis. The bequest made to Dartmouth Col lege some years ago by Tappan Went worth, of Lowell, Mass., under the con dition that when the fund had reached 1500.000 it should be paid over to the college, subject to an annuity of $, GOO a year to the widow who died re ceatly is now available. Look people straight in the face when they are speakiae; to you. Merchant Have you had nay ex perience in chinaware? Appllcaat Years of it sir. Merchant What do you do when you break a valuable piece? Applicant Well er I usually put it together again, and place it where some customer will knock it over. Merchant You'll do. Tit-Bits. Beereaela awpal at Ualted States Coaeal AtweU. located at Roaealx, France, quotes Henry Pa piaaatothe lac reset ag demand far fine wools aad the aecreasiag supply aa follows: Now, more thaa ever, the Mae la drawn between the two klans, so dif ferent ia their origin, ia mode of maa afacture, aad fiaal aae. The dom iaaat note in the history of wool has beea the asiag demaad, darlag a per iod of three consecutive years, for fine grades, la face of steadily decreasing productioa. 'The reasons for this de crease have long been known. After the low prices paid la 1894 aad 19N. stock growers limited their productioa of fine grades, aad gave atteatkm to common breeds, which were mora' re munerative. Cheviots at that date he lag la aa great demand aa meriaoe, they found greater advaatage la rais ing breeds that served as food, ware more hardy aad more prolific, Siace thea. If the Cocks did not lacrease la numbers, the yield ia fine wool neces sarily became leas, aa the Merino sheep gives birth to but one lamb yearly, while the cross-breeds produce two during the same period. This ex plains the dearth of fine wools to-day; the taste for fine grades seems so firm ly established that only the best cross bred wools find a market It Is not likely that there will be a great la crease in Merino sheep in the near fu ture, as at least eight years of crossiag the breed are necessary to re-establish the Merino type. Under existing conditions aad with present prospects there are not many ways out of the difficulty. The dying out of Merino sheep without aay at tempt to replace them, and the con sequent, decrease in fine wools will necessarily Increase the demands for high grades until impossible prices will turn popular attention to com mon grades, for which there is mo call at present BklataiHk la the Hee; Batlea. At the Utah statioa some experi ments maie In feeding skim milk to hogs resulted In the following conclu sions being drawn: Skim milk when fed in combination with grain makes a very valuable food for hogs at all periods of their growth, but particularly so during the earlier periods. Skim milk and grain in comblnatloa make a much more economic ration for hogs than either milk alone or grain alone. When fed in combination with grain, skim milk has 63 per cent greater feeding value than it has when fed alone. The hogs fed on the milk aad grata ration made much more rapid galas than either those fed on milk alone or grain alone. When the skim milk aad grala were fed in the proportion of three pounds or less of skim milk to one of grain, the return for the skim milk waa greater than when a larger proportion was fed. Hogs fed on milk alone gained very slowly and did not keep In good health; In some cases they were off their feed so frequently that a change of feed had to be made. The milk and grain fed hogs, however, without ex ception, kept in good health. Young hogs fed on grain alone did not do well and appeared to make poor use of the food they ate. Those hogs fed on milk alone or grain alone when on pasture did much better than hogs similarly fed la small pens. The IaareveaMat la Hones. From Farmers' Review: In south eastern Illinois our horses are steadily Improving in individuality and size, yet the improvement is not what it should be. We should have at least half a dozen fine salable horses In ev ery locality. Here in this particular locality fairly good to fine sires are to be seen, all of them of such individual ity and breeding as to warrant the expectation of good results in tha di rection of the material improvement of our horses. The greatest obstacle to a more rapid Improvement lies with our farmers, many of whom persist in breeding mares that possess neither good blood, size, action nor conforma tion. The result of such breeding usu ally brings disappointment and loss to such breeders. The demand in our markets for good horses is stronger than ever before, especially for good animals of the roadsters, coach or draft types. These are horses that every farmer can produce, but not from their poorly bred, under-sized, misshapen mares. In order to pro duce the sort of aalmals our market demands, farmers should secure good mares, free from hereditary defects, handsome, well bred and of kind dis position. These should be bred to the best sires obtainable. There is neither profit nor credit in raising the kind of horses no man wants. John Landri gan, Edwards County, Illinois. Feed Kmtea ay Shoe aad Cattle. It Is sometimes asserted that cattle and sheep require the same amount of feed per thousand pounds of live weight. This statement seems not ta be well founded. In some experiments at the Iowa station the cattle consumed 19.6, pounds of dry matter per thousand pounds of live weight against an av erage of 29.07 by the sheep. Both sheep and cattle were on full feed. The sheep made a daily gain of 3.73 pounds per thousand pounds of live weight and the cattle 2.14. In summing up this comparison, we find that while the sheep ate 48 per cent more than the cattle, they also gained nearly 75 per ceat more. Prof. C. F. Curtias. Xfeaaaesa la Salle. From Farmers' Review: I believe that meanness la a bull is hereditary and would not breed to one. Several years ago, when a boy, we bred to an Imported bull that got cross, and his produce showed it as far as the third geaeratioB, but of course, only occa sionally. I have only bad one young bull get mean, and we sold him at oace for bologna. I think that bulls are often spoiled by teasing and also by careless handling, and by one that is afraid. They sooa know when one is afraid of them and they will then take advantage of that fact. Ira Cotting ham. Wlecoasta Feacea. From Fanners' Review: The old rail and board fences are disappearing In this locality and being replaced by wire. For several years past barbed wire has beea used, but of late woven wire and a combination of woven wire built on the ground and a barbed wire on top. Cedar posts cost here from 4 to 5 cents apiece. In most of the fences here the posts are put In ten feet apart The old rails are cut Into firewood. S. J. Shannon, Brown Coun ty, WiscoBSIa. Washington and Buffalo are to have a buried telephone connection. MIMIIMIIaaammyMaaammmm Nation's ' 4lA Great Dead awjjaanfAaanaenapaaa I1V1VVVTV Not a single president la buried at Washington. Aa EagHahauta caa visit the tombs of almost every Eaglish sov ereign within a few hours. They lie at Winchester, at Westmlaater aad at Wiadaor. But oaly two cemeteries ia the Uaited States coataia the bodies of more thaa oae president The Adamses both lie in the yard of the First Coa gregatioaal church at Qalacy, Mass,, aad Monroe aad Tyler are buried ia Hollywood-cemetery, Richmoad,.Va. Of the five presideata who died ia of fice Harrisoa. Taylor, Liacola, Gar field aad McKialey oaly the first two met death in the White House. The elder Harrison was first buried ia the capital, but his body was removed later to North Bend, O. - Washington lies at his old home at Mt Yernon, where he died. Thomas JeffersoB was buried at hia home es tate, Monticello, Va. A cemetery at Montpelier, Vt, contains the ashes of Madison. The death of Andrew Jack son took place at the Hermitage, his home ia Tennessee. After the expiratioa of hi3 term James K. Polk went to Nashville, Tenn., but lived only a few months. The burial was at Nashville. Van Bu ren died at his country home at Kia derhook, N. Y., and was- buried from the old Dutch church there. Pneumonia caused the death of Wil liam Henry Harrison a month after his inauguration. He was buried la the congressional cemetery, but a few years later the body was removed to North Bend. O.. to a tomb overlookiag the Ohio river. The grave was neglect ed, until the state of Ohio erected a monument above it. His successor, Tyler, died at the Ex chaage hotel. Richmond, a member of the Confederate congress. VWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMAMMM( Discovered Human Chinaman "Is the Chinese laundryman a human being?" asked a gentleman at a late supper. "Why, of course not," an swered one member of the party flip pantly. . "Whoever thought that he was?" "You have answered the ques tion as I would have had you answer it," continued the first gentleman gravely. "Your answer voices the pop ular opinion of these poor hardwork ing outcasts that we have in all our cities. They are foreigners, they are enigmas, we know nothing of them. We do net even consider them as fel low human beings. But if we knew the history of each man; if we could know what goes on behind the yellow mask, seemingly without expression, that veils the soul of the Celestial washer of our collars, we would prob ably not be so prone to look upon them as things apart. If we could see deeper the human being would appear. All this preface is apropos of a case which came under my knowledge. I have a room in a house near Canal street Next door is one of those squat little houses which now and then you find next to a big mansion in this cosmopol itan city. On the lower floor of the small house was a Chinese laundry. In It was a young Chinaman about 25 years of age. His face was imperturb able as the sky. He went about his business with the undevlating method of the solar system. At first he was an ordinary Chinese laundryman to me, but my attention became riveted upon him and my curiosity was awakened. That man seemed to live merely for n Actor s Ready Wit j .roughaewe TKm. niliffl Excited Irishmen f "There have been a good many stories told of the quick wit of actors who have turned an accident or a panic or a row into a joke." said Tom Leigh, the old-time actor, in New York, recently. "A good many of the stories are fakes, I suppose," he con tinued, "but some are tme, and there are lots that have never found their way into print. The press agent wasn't as numerous or as clever in the old days as he is now. "I remember an instance in which John Broughbam carried off a most difficult situation by a clever bit of Im provisation and saved the old Winter Garden from the disgrace of a riot. It was the first night on which he played his buruesque 'Columbus there and the house was filled with his friends. "Among the most enthusiastic of these friends were a great crowd of Fenians, headed by Mahoney, the man who had just then been elected presi dent of the Irish republic at the old Fenian headquarters in Seventeenth street There was a jollification in honor of his election, and as he was a personal friend of Brougham's it was notnrai that he and his followers ' should buy up all the orchestra seafs in the house for the opening night, as they did. NAMES OF JAPANESE. They Vary at EHaVreat rerlode of Their Uvea. The naming of a Japanese baby is not simply the bestowal of a name up on It, soon after its birth, by which it shall be known during its lifetime. The name of a Japanese is changed at various periods of his lire, wnen a Japanese child is a month old he is given his first name, with national re ligious ceremonies. The child is taken in state to the family temple. Servants carry the entire infantile wardrobe, the extent of which indicates the degree of wealth and the social position of the father. At the end of the procession a arrant m-alks. carrying a box which contains money to give the officiating priest, and a slip of paper on which the three names are written. On entering the temple the father hands the paper containing the names to0the priest, who copies them on three separate sheets, which he mixes aad shakes at random, while pronouncing !n a load voice a sacramental Invocation to. the god to whom the temple Is dedicated. He thea tosses them in the air, aad the first oae that touches the holy floor is selected as the choice of the presid ing divinity. This aame at' written oa a piece of paper by the priest and is given to the child's father as a talis- ttmikimmMmimmmimmimmmm I BwletlrWaame FraaK I 1 1 MMttaa w an vamma . n Taylor did darhag hia sarm af adace at the White Honee. Hia' mat weeds were: "I am about ta die. I expect the. summoaa sooa. ' I haveeadeavored tie , discharge all myomcial duties faith fully. I regret aothlag. bat I. am sorry i: that I aa about to leave say Meade.' Hia body was pat ia a vault at Wneh iagtoa, from which it was removed ta -Spriagfleld, five miles from Louieville.Y Ky. - Millard Filmore waa buried at Buffa lo, where he died. The body of Fraak-t. Ha Pierce-lies at Concord, N. H., aad that of James Bachaaaa at Laacaster. . Pa. Hia last words, walepered to him-, self, were "Oh, Lord God Almighty as Thou wilt" Liacola died without speakiag after' he was shot His. body Ilea ia Oak Ridge cemetery, at Spriagfleld. 111. Aa drew Johasoa died at Carter's depot, Teaa. Oae of his last requests was that his body be wrapped ia the flag.? He was buried at Greenville, Teaa. General Great died at Moaat Mc Gregor. N. Y., and hia body liea la tae fiae tomb at' Riverside Park. Mr. Hayes was buried at Fremont. 0. where he died. Garfield's body lies at the base of the' assauaMBt ia Lake View cemetery. Cleveland, withla eight of Lake Erie, aad oaly a few miles from his home at Meator. Chester A. Arthur died ia New York city oaly a year after the end of hia term. A few days before his death he said to Commissioner Fish: "After all. life is aot worth fightiag for. aad I might as well give up the struggle far it now as any other time aad submit to the iaevitable." He is buried at Al bany. N. Y.. where a finely sculptured figure guards his tomb. Beajamia Harrisoa died at his home ia Iadlaa apolls ia March, and is buried in that city. CwlMtftml Prove He PoMiiiid thw Soul off a White Man his work. When I came in at 2 o'clock in the morning I found him -with the lights turned high, patiently working at, his calliag. If I rose early in the morning that prodigy of industry was up before me. I gradually became filled with wonder at the untiring per sistency of the man. Because of his neatness and politeness and exquisite care to please the neighborhood never thought of sending its' laundry aay where else. I began to carry my things in person to the Celestial, urged on by the desire to find out something about him. I reasoned that no maa, while or yellow, could work as he did without being dominated by aa all absorbing purpose. I found him intel ligent; he could speak English well. Finally I won his confidence. You may laugh, but the young Chinamaa was ia love. A little slant-eyed girl ia China was waiting for him, and he was pa tiently and bravely undergoing the hardest kind of toil in. order to go back to his native country andmarry her. When he told me the story I for got that he was a Chinaman; I re membered only that he was a man, working like a man to make himself deserving to have a wife, aad withal, despite the meager, unpoetlcal sur roundings, having all the dreams of a young man whose sweetheart la far away. So yon see," caacluded the gea tleman. with a glance at the flippant member of the party, "it is possible to find the touch of our common human ity even in a Chiaamaa." New Or leans Times-Democrat. MM t Wall-Tlanam Joke. J. ki Ita Effect. ? "I was in the cast, and so was Jack Studly. but if anybody else in the com- -pany is now alive I don't remember who it is. I played the part .of a big Indian who first appeared on the stage as a messenger bringing dispatches from Wasliiagton. "Just as I came oa a discussion that had sprung up among some of the ex cited Fenians developed into a quarrel. . The house was already disturbed and there was every prospect of a fight in the orchestra in another minute. "I delivered my message and 'Broug ham replied to me in the words of the piece: " 'Confound you, have done!' " "Then turning from me to the foot- lights he went on, as if it was a part j of his speech: "Or would you like a band of Fenian brothers. All fame aban.lon to defame each other? O If with such sentiments I sent out aay, Remember I'm head center here, Ma- honey. "j "There' was a roar of laughter from, the whole house at this, aad the Fe nians "joined in It as heartily as any-i one else. There was no further talk or indication of trouble .aad the play went on without interruption:' ,r- m man. During the ceremony sacred; songs, with instrumental accompanl-) ments, are chanted. Visits to relatives I and friends of the parents follow the' christening, in celebration of which 7 festivities of various kinds are indulged in and presents given to the child.t The Japanese child wears loose gar.' ments until he is three years old. At that time they are discarded aad Ma1 clothes are bound around his -waist-, with a girdle. The girdling ceremoaiea are public and are accompanied by very elaborate religious rites. Oa that' occasion he receives a new name. Htar, education begins at this period .aad is considered finished at 15, at which tima; he attains his majority. He assumes the 'responsibilities of a maa aad takes his place in society with a aew namexc Entering upon the duties of a public, function, be takes another name, which is changed upon every advaacemeat ia! rank or dignity in his official poeitioav His name iecaaaged apem the slightest: pretext If his saparlar ameer happeasv to have the same aasae, the subalteraV must be chaaaed,' for it detracta froam theidigaity of a chief for a sabordiahta-r to possess the aame name. He receiver; a aew aame upon his' marriage. Hia" last and oaly permaaeat;aama is tie;, oae givea him after hutdeatkC :whJcht is .inscribed apoa his tomb. Ledger Monthly. -J- -ir I M l. 1 J f . .-I ) If -I i i i H :4i -Av are the most iatelHgeat oi ffcS. jSifci -M, Z"