Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 10, 1900)
; -? VITAL ISSUES of the Day Are Considered and DISCUSSED on Prominent and Live Topics BY EXPERTS HOAR. MASSACHUSETTS SM1T0E AGiHST KTiSiSl HORNBLOWER. SCOTT. SOUTHERR PRB6RESS ORDER PROTECTIOH EAMES. WARREN. BALDWIN. RATiQHAL HORN OVER GOLORUL QUEST10RS. RAT REPWJUUSH HIS BORE IR 1Y0I RG. MTUML ASSISTS THE EMPLOYES. No Confidence in a Party that Denies Seli-Ocvernment Wby Judge fiornblower De cfiies to Support Bryan. Improveaeat Directly We Mist Advaace Miaers aad Stockraisers Are Receivkg Good Retarns. Ounce for Raikoad Mea thaa Ever Befve. to Protection. dally, Being Pradacers. PwaSssssPafc arVKfoJMssssfiSib- : i&,'" if - -ffjjBpJWByWJgyj . 53"8S3t3.JG.-i - -st ." . . J-. 2 The Real Issae Is Hz Piaeratioa of Katiaaa! Fiaaacial Haaor acd Not Wbetaer AgaiaaMo Sail Sacceed. (Ey Hon. George F. Hear, United Siates Senator.) I an asked to state briefly """ny I think ii-imp-ria!ists should vote for Presi dent McKinley this falL There is in my judgment each a tains as imperialism, and such athing as anti-imperialism. The imperialist ars the Philippine Islands are ours. The anti-imperialists say the Philippine Inlands belong to the Philippine people. The imperialists say we trill establish for them the best soverument we think they .are fit jr. The anti-imperialists say they have a right to establish for themselves such a government as they think good and St for themselves. Xow, President McKinley made the treaty, and Mr. Bryan, when its defeat eras assured, came to Washington and saved it. These two great political lead ers, between whom yon are to take your choice, are equally responsible for every thing that has happened so far. When the treaty became the law of the land, the public faith was pledged to pay $20. 000.000 for sovereignty over the Philip pine Islands, and that Congress, and not the people, should dLpoe of them here after. It became the constitutional duty of the President, until Congress should act. cr declare otherwi.se. to reduce them te artier and submission. The Supreme Court of the United States so held Ions ago. The only diflerence up to this point between President McKinley and Mr. Bryan is that President McKinley be lieved h was doing right, belonged to a party which had always been, as he him self had been, the champion of political liberty, in the past, and is right on all of the other questions that are at stake in the coming election, and is St to be trusted with all new questions that shall arise. On the other hand. Mr. Bryan thought the whole transaction wromr make some thin and frivolous excuses for his conduct, and the party with whom he acts; and the men who surround him and will surround him as his coune!ors are men who have been the opponents of righteousness, equality and civil liberty always ha the past, are wrong on all the other great questions that are at stake in the present election, and are not. in my judgment, to be trusted with new ques tions, however important or vital, that are to come up in the future. In the matter of imperialism there has been little practical difference between President McKinley and Mr. Bryan in the past. There will be little practical difference in the future. Mr. Bryan does not even promise to use his power as ex ecutive and commander-in-chief in call ing our troops from the Philippines. He only promises to call Congress together. He knows very well he cannct command even the strength of his own party to undo the mischief which seventeen of his own followers in the Senate, at his own instance, wrought when they ratiaed the treaty Messrs. McEnery. McLanrin. Morgan. Petras. Sullivan. Allen. Butler. Harris. Teller. Kyle and Jones (of Ne vada' have not changed their minds. Possibly Mr. Clay of Georgia and Mr. j Kenney of Delaware among his asoci- ates hav done o. It is hopeless, even ' if the Democrats xet a tie. or even a ma jority in the Senate, to expect them to accomplish anything in behalf of the in dependence of the Philippine Islands. In lsSti you regarded Mr. Bryan's cam paign as a pas:onate crusade of dis honor." You said its success would bring ; with it not only adversity, but disgrace. ( Would its uccess not bring disgrace now? Mr. Bryan said at Topeka that if he were elected the free coinage of silver should be accomplished before another presidential election. Secretary Gage say he can lawfully accomplish it by executive power alone. Whether Mr. Gage is right in his construcrioa of the powers of the President under existing law. I -K-ni not undertake to say. But I will undertake to say that Mr. Bryan will nor hesitate to use that power if he has the great authority of Mr. Gage for its lawfulness. I do not believe the man ' who promoted the ratification of the Spanish treaty means business in ?vs mnttar of tne Philippine Islands. But I do believe he means business in the nat-' ter of the free coinage of silver, in the I Br7a:x made a51 a Part3" ro Its corn matter of free trade, and in his purpose ' pact and K m0T ai' otaer one to reconstruct the Supreme Court. He I mn- " Mr- McKinley. responsible means bad business. He means business i for the SICuaon- T lsT rari which will overthrow prosperity and em- ae,!- the Purchase money -was paid, the harrasK -"annfimw nrhi -bt t,. ' islands are in our possesion. In. my wage and destroy credit; which will de bauch the currency and render the stand ard of value uncertain: which will impair the obligation of contracts and the value of savings: which will hurt our credit and break our faith. All this you believe, as I do. You said so in 1S96. You have been confirmed in yoor opinion by every thing that has happened since. Will you support a candidate who. it he have his way, you admit will accomplish all these things, because he and his party give you an empty promise of justice to 10.000, 000 Asiatics., and at the same time threat en grievous injustice and wrung to 10, 000.000 Americans? T will not vote for a candidat2 for the presidency, or help to bring a party into power who, while they plant one heel on The forehead of Booker Washington. n-n the other on the forehead at Robert Small, wave the Sag over Agoinaldo '" Mahiri. GEOBGE F. HOAE. Worcester, afass. . . . . ; QpisMm of a Leadiaf New York Jurist Wbofe Etevalisa to tie Saprsoe Beack Was Beatea ay 1. B. HiiL (Ev Judge William B. Harnblower of New YarkJ Judge William B. Hombiower of New York, who was nominated to the Su preme bench of the United States by President Cleveland, and whose connrm ation was beaten in.the Senate for pure ly pergonal causes by David B. EH, has made the following statement why he. a Democrat, cannot support Bryan: I have been repeatedly asked during the past few weeks what, in my judg ment, is the duty of a Gold Democrat who is also an Anti-Imperialist, in the pending presidential campaign. The question is by no means a simple one, and I can well understand and appreciate the position taken by such men as Mr. Schurz, Mr. Shepard and Mr. Olney. For my own part, however, I cannot see my way dear to reaching their conclu sions. The same reasons which compell ed me to oppose Mr. Bryan in 1S96 com pel me to oppose him in the present cam paign. All the heresies, financial and Populistic which were embodied in the un-Dmocratic crazy-quilt platform of 1S06 are readopted without any attempt at modification or mollification by the Kansas City platform. The 16 to 1 plank is expressly reaffirmed and redeciared. and this at the instance of Mr. Bryan himself. I cannot support a candidate who still adheres to a proposition which, to my mind, is a monstrosity and which, if earned into effect, would in my judg ment produce untold disaster to all lasses of the commnnity and bring dis honor and humiliation to our nation. The fact, if it be a fact, that recent legisla tion has made it difficult for Mr. Bryan to carry into practice his avowed princi ples de- not, it seems to be, make it any the more right to vote for a man who still maintains these principles. It is quite within the possibilities that dur .ng his administration, if he should be elected, a complete change might be ef fected in the political composition of both houses of Congress, and the verdict of the people expressed at the polls in favor of Mr. Bryan's election as President might be carried into effect. It will cer tainly be Mr. Bryan's duty, according to his expressed declaration, to do what in him lies to bring about this result. It is not to be forgotten that Mr. Bryan is not only the candidate of what is left of the Democratic party, but he is the candidate also-of the Populist party, and has accepted the nomination on their plat form. The radical notions of the Popu lists, if ever carried into effect in this country, would reduce popular govern ment to a position where we should be the laughing stock of the nations, and would produce a reaction in the minds of the voters which would carry us far in the direction of domestic imperialism, which I suppose will be conceded to be of vastly more moment to us and to our posterity than colonial imperialism. In deed, the chief objection to colonial im perialism is its probable effect upon our domestic institutions, and its tendency to wards enlarging the powers of the execu tive as between the executive and the legislative departments of the govern ment, and towards increasing the pow ers of the Federal government as be tween itself and the States. The question as to what is the ""para mount issue" in this campaign is one on which men may honestly differ. It seems to me. however, that the most important issue before us at the present moment is whether our domestic affairs are to be thrown into confusion and exposed to dis aster. The rights and wrongs of our co lonial possessions must in this emergency be subordinated to the rights and wrongs of our own affairs. Furthermore. I am by no means satis fied that Mr. Bryan would be a safe per son to whom to intrust the imperialistic questions which will confront us in the future. In my judgment he ought to have made his fight at the time when the treaty with Spain was before the Sen ate. He should have upheld the hands of such dissenting Republicans as Sena- tor ?oar' and he shoaI? hT OPP.0 to the bitter end the principle of baying for eign peoples without their consent and in the midst of a war for independence on F Pan- ar supporting tne treaty Jlr. judgment, the question of their future and of our future, as determined indi rectly by their future, must wait until we have settled the question of the present, and that question is whether honesty, in tegrity and common sense shall be ap plied to The financial affairs of the United -States, or whether popular approval shall be given to the vagaries, whims. xrid fal lacies of the Populists and Bryanites. with all the resulting disaster and dis heaor. TTTTA M B. HOEXBLOWEE. New York. Sept. IS. "nt I deaouce fe a Ptocectirel Tartar It is false ecoaoaay aad the know political ariaciaJe tbas aned tais coaatry. WOl- uoaae or ftrpttm lailns. 1 aovocatiactae paaaaaeor tbe Free Trade Tariff Law. Ackaawledred aad UadersfM by Saatk- Bastacss Mea aad Plaaters, Wkaae Sympathies Are witk (By Hon. X. B. Scott. United States Senator, of "West Virginia.) The South is the citadel of Democracy in this country? it has also always been the citadel of free trade. Twenty-five years ago a protectionist Southerner was almost as rare as x white blackbird. The overthrow of the old Whig party had practically eradicated that element of po litical society in that section. Bat since then a great change has been gradually going on. The growth of pro tectionist sentiment in the South during the last quarter century is one of the most important developments of recent political history. It is a fact susceptible of ample proof that whenever we have had a protective tariff the whole country. North and Sooth, has prospered, and whenever we have had a low tariff, or practically free trade, the country has suffered from hard times. In every branch of productive indus try that can be named there has been 1119,255 1900 52,640,449 "It Sort e' Looks m increased activity and increased profit during McKinley's administration as compared with the previous low tariff of Cleveland's administration. In these benefits the South has fully participated and shared equally with the North. All this progress, improvement and profit is due mainly to the Republican protective tariff, operating according to the fixed gold standard. The change of opinion among the Southern business men in regard to the principle of the tariff and other funda mental business, principles daring the present campaign has been wonderful; in fact, quite revolutionary. In West Virginia the feeling in favor of protection, is very strong; in fact, the inhabitants realize that the Republican tariff on coal and iron has been the mak ing of the State. The farmers of the State also appreciate the rise in prices of farm products, which they see is due not so much to bountiful crops as to a good market for those crops. The re cent tremendous increase in the foreign demand for American coal is also appre ciated at its full value by the West Vir ginia people, and they are fully aware that it has been rendered possible by the protection afforded to home products by .the Dingiey tariff. The banking house of Hambleton &. Co. of Baltimore, all of the members of which are prominent Democrats, have come out with a circnlar to their clients and correspondents all over the South, in which they advocate the defeat of Bry an and the re-election of McKinley, on account of the great benefits to the South which have accrued from- the workings of the Republican financial and commer cial policy during; the last four years. In brief, no section of the country has had a larger share of the general pros perity during the present administration than the South, and it has been due main ly to the operation of the Republican tar iff and currency laws, as the Southern business men now understand and ac knowledge. Xever before in the history of the United Stares has the output of the Southern iron are and pig-iron, lum ber, coal and coke, been so large aa it has been in the past two years; i aot for years, if ever, have the prices been so high. Xever before was so large a pro portion of Southern products shipped from Southern ports. Never before has money loaned there at such low interest. AH this has occurred Trader the gold standard aad the protective tariff. A few years ago the Sooth had practically no manufactures: it has now over $1,000, 000.000 invested, in factories, paying over $350,000,000 in wages, and producing be tween $L300.000tOOO and $2,000,000,000 products yearly. Most of this increase has been secured under the present ad ministration, and is directly doe to the operacoa of the Republican policies. N- B. SCOTT. It ' "' SSSSS?-y;asK 7ZZ.iFF.SH3fWBSF-Vl- z-T ti HSSSE'.-- HLVJ&BSSWrflv Jir . V m . :f -7. . iS'rmss'jmm.fVLurr, j t ,afw rzi&ru&m0v Maat Seek Aarketo Baewhere aad Cre ate New GaeaiKS far Car Exsaasioa Nataral m a Naiiaa's Life. fBy John C. Eames. of die BL B. Clailin Co- of New York.) How any man at all interested in the advancement and welfare of this great country can preach the doctrine of anti expansion is more than X can understand. Ami-exDunsion. means contraction, or at least that woold be the result. Unless we seek markets for our goods outside of the limits of our own country we cannot advance commercially. We are a coun try of producers. Not only do we draw from nature's bountiful supplies of the ground, but. by using the ingenuity Providence has given us, we have demon strated that we can by modern machin ery turn out more manufactured goods than we can use. Therefore we must not only seek markets elsewhere, but we must create new markets for our produc tions. To do this our country must have at least a foothold in other countries, commercially at least. U Pd Have to ' Our occupancy of Cuba and Porto Rico has assured us of the greater part of the trade with those islands. The influence for good has not stopped there, but it has extended to all the Spanish-speaking countries of America. Inquiries from these countries for American goods and I manufactures are becoming more numer- I ous every day. I wish, to say right here from my own knowledge of the business men in Cuba, and from what they have said to me per- sonally, that I am sure that their confi dence in us alone wa what made them continue business on the islands and feel that there was a future for them. With out an exception the business men from Havana and other cities in Cuba have stated frankly to me that if the United States should withdraw entirely from Cuba they themselves would feel obliged to gix out of business; that all business confidence would be shaken Speaking especially of fabrics manu factured from cotton, think how impor tant it is that we find new markets for oar cotton roods. Of the nine to twelve millions of bales of raw cotton produced in this country two-thirds of it is ex ported and made up into cotton cloths abroad. The exportation of the raw ma terial in itself is an immense factor in our foreign trade and commerce, but how mnch better it would be. instead of send ing two-thirds of the raw cotton abroad and using one-third in manufacturing goods- in this country, to expert one-third and use two-thirds here, exporting the finished product, thereby doubling the number of our mills and factories and giving employment to twice the number of operatives. It is not probable that we win ever gain very much of a foothold on Chinese shores, for it does not seem, to be the de sire of the people of this country at large that we should expand to that extent. But we have the Philippine Islands, prac tically forced upon us by circumstances, which in the near future will prove to be one of the most valuable territorial acquisitions that we have made since the original thirteen Stares were organized. Not only can we. in time, supply the seven or eight million inhabitants of those islands with practically everything that they do not raise or manufacture themselves, but we can use the islands as a stepping-stone to Asiatic countries. The majority of the large Hongkong and Shanghai houses already have branches in Manila, as well as representatives in New York; this will complete the rhain of commercial intercourse .between rVs country and China. What we need to expand our trade and commerce with other countries is a broad and liberal policy by this government such as the present administration has adopted. JOHN a EAMES. New York. tJlsssrL?r3lssWv!f " VadssssBc . 'Mm. YlsT IlBllsBBBBBBBBBBBaEro mmmT-f - - ''tfli9nlsSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS ''MW''r- jtssssssRlfriLssssssssssssssssssBf! issssslsssavlisssssssLaB sssssssivissssHHsssssssssssssssL. BB?-3P?3"" IsssssssTssssssSfllssssssssHssssl Mfyyw-C VM Seaatar Warrea TeQs Way the West WiD letara Qmd JHajcrities far McOBfey aad RaactTelt Tab Year. (By Hon. Francis E. Warren, United States Senator.) The. people-of Wyoming are-vitally and. intenselv interested in the outcome of the present campaign. Wyoming has been a State but a little over eight years, and of this period four years each of Demo cratic and Republican government have served to impress upon the minds of its people two distinct and impressive ob ject lessons. The first period was dur ing the Democratic administration from. 13X1 to 1SG6 inclusive, in which we suf fered so severely in business matters and when our material conditions were con fessedly so devoid of hope that as we look back it all seems like a hideous nightmare. The second period of four years is that formed by the McKinley administration. At the outset of it we were awakened to life and hope. During this time our industries, depressed and unprofitable under Democratic policies, have become prosperous, and our business ventures remunerative and satisfactory. The ranches, farms, cattle, sheep, mines and railroads of our State all give substantial returns to the capital and labor expend ed upon them, and our people, instead of being constant borrowers, are now pay ing their debts aad becoming Tenders. Bryan's scare heads "Expansion. Im perialism and Militarism" are not an issue of the campaign in Wyoming. This State is the product of expansion. Every foot of its area of 97.0CO square miles was formed from territory acquired by acts of expansion such as the Louisiana purchase, the seizure of the Oregon coun try, the Mexican treaty, and the Cali fornia purchase, and all this without the consent of the governed. One of our Wyoming volunteers who. when the war broke out. was a leading Democratic politician of the State, who went to the Philippines as a private and throngh merit won a commission, recent ly wrote home as follows: I would like to be home so that I could vote against Bryan. I hope he will be defeated so badly that the buga boo word Imperialism will never be heard again." The chief Industries in Wyoming are live stock raising, fanning, csa! mining and railroad operation. Sheep, cattle and horse raising form the greatest in dustry of the State. During the four years of Democratic administration, and under the direct operations of the Wil son tariff law. the condition of the sheep and wool industry in Wyoming was ap palling. Sheep brought less than one dollar a head; wool sold for five cents and sometimes less per pound, and mut ton shipments would scarcely realize the railroad freight to market. During that four years the highest annual assessed valnatian of all the sheep in the State was SlOS.000. But with the McKinley administration and the Diagley tariff of 1S9T sheep, which could scarcely find a purchaser at a dollar a head, now sell for four dollars. Wool now brings from fourteen to seven teen cents. Mutton now sells for from four to six cents a pound on foot. And the assessed valuation of sheep in Wy oming is now So.42H.433. a gain in four years of over 300 per cent. The contrast between the cattle in dustry under Democratic and Republi can administrations is almost as start ling. From 1S03 to IS97 depression, and ruin was the rule. But. as in the sheep business, the election of McKinley and inauguration of Republican policies wrought a marvelous change. Mixed herds of cattle for the past three years have sold for thirty to thirty-five dollars a head; calves bring fifteen to twenty dollars a head, and steers now net the cattle raiser from forty-five to fifty-five dollars each. The assessed valuation of cattle in the State now amonnts to $U 154.tJO0 and is rapidly increasing. Under the past four years of Repub licanism. Wyoming has grown to be an important factor among the coal-producing States. During the four years of Democratic rule, with the same number of mines as at present, the annual pro duction was 2.43J1.311 tons as against 4.500.000 tons per annum during the past two years of the McKinley adminis tration. The increase in production means more miners, more days worked. betteF pay. The most hopeful feature of Wyom ing's business condition is to be found in the fact that its local banks now carry the credits of its business people. The deposits of Wyoming banks have increas es four-fold in the past four years and the nmaber of depositors has increased five-fold. Western banks are now as in dependent of the East as the East is of Europe, and it will be difficult. I think, for Mr. Bryan to convince our people that this comfortable state of affairs is not due directly to the wise and patriotic policy of the Republican party. In 1806. when four years of depression and disaster had almost driven our people to despair. Bryan carried the State by about 250 plurality. Now if the people will spare time from business, from the ranch aad from the mine to go to the pofls. this plurality will not only be lost to Mr. Bryan, but the McKinley and Roosevelt electors will carry the State by a substantial majority FRANCIS E. WARREN. United States Senator, Cheyenne, Wyo. A tctera to tke 0M Systea ef Hk Krb Fares aad Jerk- Is aa Iar (Bjl William BL Baldwin. Jr., President of the Long Island Railroad.) To appreciate the significance of the value of railroad consolidation to the pob lic it is only necessary to attempt to conceive o" a return to former condition The- small independent railroads, with their relatively small number of em ployes, each, road with its own standards of equipment dependent upon the idiosyn crasies of its principal officers or direc tors each road with, responsibilities to the public as a carrier only to the extent of its own short line alL these limita tions suggest a local independence which would permit to the railroad the employ ment of labor on the basis of "supply" for its small demands. On the other hand, the gradual growth of large systems composed of many such small lines produces a new and constant ly gruwing responsibility to the public, until finally a point is reached where the law of supply and demand affects but remotely the skilled labor necessary in transportation service. The function per formed by railroads has become too im portant to the body politic to permit of any solution of these serious labor and wage questions, except by intelligent con sideration on the part of the representa tives both of the management and of the employes. The effect of consoiidatian has brought many good results to the employes: An increased ability on the part of the rail roads to pay higher waires: to employ more men; an improvement in standards of tracks and equipment, which has re duced the hours for a day's work and has made the service less dangerous. It has also made the employment of men in the service more regular throughout the year and thus kept together a regular force, and has developed a code of stand ard rules, governing the army of em ployes, which have dignified their em ployment and made more permanent their positions. The saving by consolidation is due to the ability to develop business econom ically. Conversely, the business of any trunk line to-day could not be handled by a series of independent lines with varying standards, at the present rates which are profitable to the larger lines. With the improved efficiency and economy of trans portation, rates have constantly declined and. traffic has been continually develop ed. With increased density of traffic., the number of employes has been increas ed in proportion and ha? been paid a higher wage. The improved facilities and higher speed of trains have made the day's work for a trainman, not one hun dred, miles as a maximum, but a a min imum, so that to-day, with high speed trains, the trainman may earn in two hours' time a wage higher than he earn ed in earlier days in five hours' time Even though the wa:re per mile run were the same to-day as in past years, the ac tual work which the trainman can phy sically do within reasonable hours is oftentimes 100 per cent greater. The lo comotive engineer of to-day may average easily one hundred and seventy-five miles, per day. and at an increased rate of par over the one-hundred-mile day of the past. In railroads, more than in any class of labor in this country, we have seen the result? of wise leadership on the part of the trade unions. Both capital and labor aim at monopoly; the best result is ob tained only when intelligent counsel pre vails. The railroads are moving on to ward greater consolidations and with con stantly increasing benefit to their million employes and to the public More- and more each year the managements of rail roads acknowledge their public duties, more and more each year the operation of railroads is becoming a governmental function, so that, as I see it. the best condition will be reached when the re lations between the government and thi railroads are intelligrntly defined, with the management and operation left ia the hands of private persons. The ideal condition is to so operate the railroads as to approach an ideal governmental operation and yet to retain the ownership in private capital. The history of railroad wages has shown that the public has been willing; always to recognize the responibiIities of railroad men. and has given its sym- Ipathy to them in their reasonable de mands. The employes, as a rule, have shown an intelligent understanding of the reasonable wage, and when they have not acted fairly ami wisely they have not been supported by the public, have been refused their demands by the railroads and have learned that reason must prevafl. WM. H. BALDWIN, TEL New York. "If there is aayoae -who belterewt&e Gold Staadard is a good thiaav or that it mast be maintained. I warm aim aot Co cast his ballot for me. be naif I aeossise him it will roc be Baaiataiaed in this country looser taaa I aaabte to set rid or it." VO iaa Jeaain9 Bryan ia a speech as KaexTiOerTeaa-, Sept 1, : &