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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 23, 1896)
7'"gi'"BBHitBBHiWWBHBiBBB3bgBBl jMpBKBBpSJBBPl lk lit 1 f H I.M nit- f I. i -TO Ctmn A COLD IN OSE DAT. Ta'.;e Laxative Brorno Quinino Tablets. All Druggists refund the money if it falls to cure. 25c The first year of a president's adminis tration is one of apjwintments and disap-jxjlutnients. Hope Retnrnstothcl.cartof the Tictim Im"" f .'bains of rheumatism. AvyVJ&SSflHfc iarrfc, when tho Wood is enriched and purified tr Hood's Sarsaparilla Tin One Trno Blood Purifier. All Prnggiata. $1 Huui, USII& """ tbe bwt after-dinner tlOOCi S rlllS pills, cure headache. 25c. Stupidity rcrHOBifled. .Old Jackson "What yon ride back--ward fo? Cnffec So I won't have to turn ro'ind when I cum back. Gladness Comes Witli a better understanding' of the transient nature of the many plvys ical ills, which vanish before proper ef forts gentle efforts pleasanteft'orts rightly directed. There is comfort in the knowledge, that so many forms of Mckness are not due to any actual dis ease, but simply to a constipated condi tion of the system, which the pleasant . family laxative, Syrup of Fifjs. prompt ly removes. That is why it is the only remedy with millions of families, and is everywhere esteemed so highly by all vhovaluo good health. Its beneficial effects are due to the fact, that it is the one remedy which promotes internal "cleanliness without debilitating the organs on which it acts. It is therefore all important, in order to get its bene ficial effects, to note when you pur chase, that you have the genuine arti cle, which is manufactured by the Cali- . fornia Fig Syrup Co. only and sold by all reputable druggists. If in the enjoyment of good health, and the system is regular, laxatives or other remedies are then not needed. If afiliclcil with any actual disease, one may be commended to the most skillful physicians, but if in need of a laxative, que should have the best, and with the well-informed everywhere, Syrup of Figs stands highest and is most largely "aietl and gives most general satisfaction. WOAftSHOOD SiES. MJHeriiijT uouicii how to cuanl apainst danger ous Mirsical operations and quack treatment V)ic American Association of Physicians liassed a resolution to distribute a little l-ook on female diseases. "Womanhood" ex plains all di-ea'-es and irregularities peculiar to woman and slvts tbe btt methods of home treatment Sent free for .'tamp to ray postage. .Address Klcanor Kendall. Mi! Xfi tb iiih M..otith Omaha. Xeb OMMSTOVE REPAIR WORKS Slotr ItriIra fur a Llsd or ilotf Bade. 1207 I)Ot'(.L8 ST., UHAUA, XEB. p iENSIOWS. PATENTS. CLAIMS. 'JOHN W. MORRIS, WASlHNGTOII.D.a Lte rriDctpil Exaatcer V. B. Pension Barran. 3jr. ialaa war, tjarfjuduatins clasos. altr. tioci. OP!lHnRUNKENNESS FM wBlGrarrdtalOtaSOUara. It Pax till Cared. D R. J.L. S TEP H EN S, LEBAMJUMMh FRESH OYSTERS R Cole Antt-tr- poly Oreter House ana. .Nel. m. Kays Lung Balm CTuESS; RFn.VJPTTlrJR CURED 0R NO PAY. Mrs. a DLU-JI LI I -110 M. hOiVAN. Milwaukee. Wis. W. X. l, OMAHA 51 1890 When writtns to advertisers, kindly mention this paper. and throat ditcasc bFKAllMb Et. lj-4 "cwiShBSALL Elf! LS. la ttt Best Cccss Sjran- TsiJccGood. "Dse"P jSl ia ffi?.. Si?tT droslit5- 1B J - -and - " it and promptly feel the cure. That's PAINS Z a", but that is something sure. .2ft- -,--- . xfm;m;mpP3i&$m I'lieourasin? I . ' . sr? frA v - a - . V:i-SrrSfe&V S eSP ' Housekeeper Goodness, what have ou broken now? 'Little Help A cup, mum. -Housekeeper And this morning you broke a saucer! Little Help Yes'm; but I h'aint broke a plate yet. WAS it that i Mm sweet to " !irl-3lgg stomacn and iiPNiJ1, "-' X T?bS T' A T . A?k& EU1 &m liX c 7 Rl' r t &i i i:.u x...i . M i..na J. i ii i m . ,. n PI "1 JB SiTi&a They perfume the fcreath and mats things all right all T -Vt Mkj arouai At yoar dnrgsist's Iflfc, 25c 50c, or mailed t l-S zorpnee. Aooitss (: S7EHUMG ro ; at 5? KKt ii i n 1 1 i e i i i n n i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 i Advantage of Sleep. In reply to the question, is it wise fot a man to deny himself a few hours sleep a day to do more work. Tesla. the great electrician, said: "That is a great mistake, I am convinced. A man has just so many hours to be awake and the fewer of these he uses np each dav. the more days he will last: that is. the longer he will live. I believe that a man might live 200 years if he would sleep most of the time. That is why negroes often live to advanced old age. because they sleep so much. It is said that Gladstone sleeps seventeen hours each day: that is why his facul ties are still unimpaired in spite of his great age. The proper way to econo mize life is to sleep every moment that it is not necessary or desirable that you should be awake.' Christmas (lifts of Money. 'If. after thinking for a long time, you cannot decide wha.t she (my poor girl friend) "would like best.' writes Kuth Ash more, in advising girls as to their Christmas-giving in the Decem ber Ladies' Home Journal, "and you know well enough to leave to her the choice of the gift, then send her the money that she may spend it for her self. Uut make this money look more like a chosen gift, and less like that which is so hardly earned by her; trouble yourself to go to the bank and put it in gold, or at least in a new bank note, and inclose it in a tiny little purse." Fatso Witnesses. There arc knaves now ami then met wltl who represent cer.'nin local bitters and poi sonous stimuli as identical with or posscs inz properties akin to Hosteller's Momach Itittcr-,. Thc.-e -camps only succeed in foist inz their trashv compounds unon peo ple unacquainted with the genuine article, which is as much their opposite as day Is to night- Ask and take no substitute for tho sratid remedy for malaria, dyspepsia, con stipation, rliauiiiatlvin and kidney trouble. Slnnument to a l'ijj. Until within the past few months no monuments had ever been erected to the memorry of a pig. The town of Luneberg. Hanover, wished to fill up the blank and at the Hotel dc Ville in that town, there is to be seen a kind of mausoleum to the memory of the porcine race, In the interior of the commemorative structure is a costly glass case inclosing a ham still in good preservation. A slab of black marble attracts the eve of the visitor, who finds thereon the following inscription in Latin, engraved in letters of gold: "Passerby, contemplate here the mor tal remains of the pig which acquired for itself imperishable glory by the discovery of the salt springs of Lune berg: Catarrh Cannot lie Cured Willi LUC XL Al'l'LICATIOXS, as they cannot reach thereat of the di-ensc. Ca larih is a blood or coii-titiitioual disease, and in order to euro it you must take in ternal icmcilic. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally and acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces Hall's Ca tarrh Cure is no: a ouack medicine. It was proscribed by one of I bo best phy sicians in ibis country for year-, and is .. .......I.... .........i...: l. t .. .. ...l .. .1 ii-ui.ii 1I l"l I IIUUII. it is IJIJIIIHI-UI til the. best tonics know n. combine.! with the i.esi iiioou iiuriucrs, acting untviiy on tne mucous surface-. Tin' perfect comhiiia- .!.. .1... ..... : ...i: . : .. I.... ...,. HUH Ul llll- lt, IIIICUM'llls js n i(L ill diii-ea sueli wonderful n-Milts in cuiini; Catarrh. !oiid for testimonials, free. I". .1. CHKXKV .1 CO.. Props , Toledo, O. Sold by druggists, price 7."c. HaU's'l'nmily I'lIIsarethe best. Color in House ruriiisliiiigs. Kvcn the iron bedsteads have turned green. When combined with brass knobs and rails they look well in rooms of white and green, or pink and green, but not as well as those of white and gold or all of brass. A pretty bed room furnished in green has wicker chairs of lght olive, the bedstead brass and green, and :i green dressing table with brass trimmings. The wall pa per is a chintz, pattern showing green leaves and pink roses on a white back- I ground. The chair cushions are cov j cred with cretonne that matches tho I 11 X- X' 1 ! v tin paper. .cw i ui it i osu Merchants Hotel, Gmsiia. coknki: nniaiMii ani fakxamsts. Street ears pass the door to and from both depots; in business center of city. Headquarters for state and local trade. Kates Si ami S.'l per day. PAXTOX& DAVEXI-OKT, Prop's. lie Did Not Obey. When they told her that the young man whose suit she had rejected the previous evening had hanged himself to the gate post directly he left her. the beautiful girl shrugged her shoul ders. "It isn't my fault." she said, coldlv. : "I specifically told him he mustn't I think of hanging around here any ' more.'" P'so uirc for Consumption has been a familv medicine with us Vin e 1N'5. J. II. JIadibon. V4"l 4'Jd Ave.. Chicago. Ills. A Kiml-Ileartcii Hoarder. Mr. Hillings took up his cup of what his landlady called coffee, tasted it. sniffed it, and set it down. "Have you anything to say against the coffee. Mr. Hillings'."' asked the landlady. , "Ao. ma'am." answered Hillings. "I 1 never speak ill of the absent" From 1 winkles. Hegraian'ii Camphor lee wtlh Olyecrlne. Cun-s ChapKl II-iikN cr.i! Knee. TVn.!trororerVct, Chilblain. !:,&. C C CUikCo., New l!am, Ct. , A pitiless flothesline has oop in the wire i into which the clothes are forced. j Mrs. 'XVliiklon's Sootblnc Kriip roreliilJnntietiiii:? 'J)fien.tli'Rnm.rr(lucevinflani- niatiun, aua s pain. iuni. iml eolie.iSi-eiilsa bottle. The native home of wheat is suproscd to l;e the mountain region of Armenia. JaCObS Oil the foil. Use That Wa Most of the Time. & Madge Husbands are like horses; not much good until they arc well broke. Mrs. Spender (with a sigh) Bless me! I certainly have the best husband in Xcw York, if that's the case. yotnr own baby or your neighbor's t drove sweet sleeo away? It's all un-1 tast ffiil:J tut effective, stoo sour t colic in babies, and make papa's' tonc destines and purify Hist S-sitfi aaaijatt,l)1B-, J CASCARETS Jl MEMCOY COMPAKV. CITCACO ca HEV.' YORK. CANDY T of IV CATHARTIC ? CXiTt3 WSSTlPATiOti. i h 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 I i H i i i 1 1 m n i 1 1 t DAIRY AND POULTRY. INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR OUR RURAL READERS. How Successful Farmers Operate This Department of tbe Farm A Few Hints as to the Care of LiTe JStock and Poultry. CCASIONAL mess es of boiled pota toes mashed up -and made thick with meal may be given to x'ary the feed, but do not feed these or other cooked vegetables too freely, is the opinion of a writer in New England Farmer. If they have not grass, cab bage or turnip-leaves may be used as a green food, but should not be given until after the regular feeds, and in limited quantities. At noon and night give good, sound wheat or corn, the latter being preferable for the last meal of the day, which should be giv en just before they go to roost. In preparing the mash use boiling water, and cover it up to ccok through until cool enough to feed out. This not only makes it more digestible, but actually adds to the nutritix-e value. Oats are very good for growing chickens, but arc not fat tening enough for this season, nor is wheat as good as corn. Plenty of clean gravel and pure water are indispensa ble for fattening fowl. If not conven ient to give the hot mash as early as they desire their breakfast, give a light feed of corn early, and follow with the mash as soon as it can be made ready. See that the hen houses are closed against all draughts of cold air during the night, but guard especially against such as would blow across tho roosts. A cold at this season will take off flesh more rapidly than cornmeal can put it on. A temperature cf sixty degrees in the hen house at night is not too warm, but they should not be so crowded as to get more than that when the glass is held near them while on the roost, and a few visits about 9 o'clock may be necessary to know whether this tem perature is exceeded or not, as the Mesh or fat can be sweat off as. well as worked off. Of course lice must bs kept off by using kerosene on the roosts and walls, and by blowing in sect powder among their featheis if necessary. A little grease on the back of the head and under the wings may be needed to dislodge one species of large gray louse that frequents these points more than elsewhere. Fcv old fowl the treatment may be nearly the same, but if they are already fat and are not laying, care may be necessary to see that they are not fattened too much, so as to cause death from apo plexy before slaughtering time comes. fc"Icl: Chickens. My chickens are troubled by some thing that causes them to die verysud denly. They begin to droop, and act as if they had no appetite. They stand around, paying no attention to their food. Sometimes a bird that appears well in the morning will be dead before noon, with no apparent cause for it. My neighbors complain that their little chicks and old fowls do the same. In every case the xvings droop, and they lose appetite. Will some one explain the case. M. A. H., Kingsley, Iowa. We wish that when correspondents write to us on the troubles of their live stock they would gie us more definite Information as to the previous treat ment and feeding. It is impossible to form a correct opinion from a few ex ternal symptoms. In the present case, these symptoms might be present in xuany different diseases. We would like to ask a few questions: In the case of the fowls whose wings drooped, were there not lice also present? If this was the case with the chicks, it would ac count for the mortality, because licc kill more fowls, big and little, than any disease. If the fowls had no lice, j we would suppose from the meagre j description that there was indigestion. Tliis would result from feeding too much and too continuous grain rations. Birds that are sick with liver com plaint also act in much the same way, but this disease can be known cer tainly only by holding an autopsy. It might be said, however, that in the case of liver disease the combs get to be a light yellow. When cut open the fowls thus affected show immensely swollen livers, while the rest of the body is depleted of blood. We request the correspondent to write again, tell ing us more cf the facts relating to the points we have mentioned. When Is n Creamery .Instiiioil? The Kansas state board of agricul ture sent out the following question to the prominent dairymen of the country and received the answers which follow it: Question What is the smallest num ber of cows or average daily milk sup ply that will justify the building and operation of a creamery? Answers Hoard. Cows. COO; milk, 4,000 to C.C00 pounds. It takes this quan tity to pay the expense and leave any profit on the investment. Haecker. Probably 400 cows and 5,000 pounds or milk. Wallace. Not less than COO cows should be pledged. Farrington. In this part o: the coun try a creamery receiving- 5,000 pounds of milk per day ought to be fairly pro fitable, and its prosperity will increase with the milk supply. Wilson. There should be 10,090 j pounds of milk daily to justify a good creamery outfit. Dean. Three hundred cows, wirhin a radius of five miles, or a daily "milk supply of 6,000 pounds. Wing. Two hundred cows and 5,000 pounds of milk. Goodrich. Three hundred cows, or a dally average of 4,000 pounds of milk. Alvord. From 259 to 300 cows, or 5,000 pounds of milk. Gurler There should be 4,003 pounds daily for the season. Gould. From 250 to 300 cows. Dawley. Three hundred. Mathieson. "Hoard's Dairyman' has placed the number at 300; that is cer tainly small enough. I think 5G0. Carlyle. In Minnesota and Canada we consider that it requires 300 good cows, or a daily average of about 5,000 pounds of milk, to justify the building and operation of a good creamery. There are instances, where the pros pects are very bright for a largely in creased number of cows being fur nished, where a creamery might be started with 200 to 250 cows. Adams. Xot less than 200 cows. Boardman The answer to this ques tion depends upon a number of condi tions and circumstances. If the terri tory is partially occupied by other creameries, thereijy limiting the chances of a gradual increase of pat rons, a large number of cows should be obtained; but if dairy herds are small and an increase can be expected and territory can be extended, a smaller number will warrant the beginning. Would say from 300 to 500 cows, or 6,000 to 10,000 pounds of milk per .day. Brandt Milk, 5,000 pounds daily; cows, 300. Morgan From 500 to 800 cows. At present the margin of profit is small, and should low prices continue the smaller factories will be driven out of, the business. Nissley An average daily supply of 3,500 pounds at the start, with fair prospects of 'increasing to 6,000. The Same Cotiihlcncc Game. "We were shown a letter a short time ago to a creameryman in one of our neighboring states, from a house claim ing to be in tiie commission trade in Chicago, asking and' soliciting a con signment of butter from "the creamery man, basing their claims upon the fact that the market was in an adx'anclng condition and that prices were from one to two cents higher in their mar ket than the actual quotations and sales on the day the letter was written, with the usual amount of taffy that is usually found in letters of this .kind; they had learned of his ability to pro duce high grade goods, and their trade was demanding more of- that class of stock than they were receiving, there fore would like to have a shipment from him, guaranteeing that they would make prompt returns and handle the business honorably and justly, says El gin Dairy Report. The bait, of course, was the extra price that was quoted for butter, a price which would be impos sible for this house or any other to secure at the time the letter was writ ten. It is doubtful if we will ever know how many creamerymen have been caught with this kind of literature, sent out so freely as it is by commission, men in the arious cities. Chicago has been well supplied with this class of people, but it is to be hoped lifat with the efforts of the 'straight, regular houses of the city, and other influences that are at work, that their number has been very much reduced. We would advise creamerymen to go slow in ship ping to parties who write these letters. Find cut in some manner vhether they are responsible, both morally and finan cially, before entrusting your goods to them. They are at long range, and it costs money to collect any bills, even if they are collectable, which many times they are not. "tl:irkftii)x I'SW- A loss of a very few eggs will pay the difference between a first-class package and a poor one, Farm Poultry says. A great many farmers think that one egg is as good as anGther. if both are fresh, and wonder why, when their re turns come in fram a loi pcknd in loose jointed cases (some large', some small, and most of them dirty), that the amount is so much below the market quotation for fresh eggs. Unless their attention is specially called to the mat ter, they will continue in their shift less wavs, and condemn the poultry business as non-pajiug. People here are learning how to select and clean eggs, pack them in neat cases, and never, under any consideration, allow an egg of doubtful ag to get into a package ami keeping the small cues for home consumption. Eggs marketed according to the above suggestions ought to, and do, average 25 cents per dozen the entire year, and at that price a poultry farm will pay better than al most any other legitimate business for the amount of capital lequired. Mite. Perhaps the very worst and most de structive enemy that the hen has is tbe little led mite that goes upon her body at night and sucks her blood, return ing to the perch before tbe moining, there' to remain until the following night, says an exchange. Ccr.1 oil is sudden death to those pests. We take the coal oil can once a week in summer and once in two weeks in winter (put a straw in the spout to lessen the flow of oil) and tlwn pour oil over the perches first on top, and then turn them over and do the same en the bottom. Aiso put some about all cracks that there may be about tho Immediate roosting place. Under a regular course of treat ment Ii'o this the lice can never get such a i cilr ay as to overrun the whole htnhouse, which they are sure to do during summer especially unless care fully wjlqhcd. The little time and trouble required to keep such perches clean and Healthy can be spared by everybody who keeps a hen, and we as sure you that you will be more than paid for it all. Oninn-; from Hceil. It may not be gene-rally known that onions may be grown from seed sown in Sepiomb-r -or October, provided there is sufficient moisture to germin ate the seed and get them well started before cosd weather. The young plants will stand the winter, says Texas Farm and Ranch, with a slight protection of long manure scattered uron them in the early part of December. One culti atiou in die fall will he all tile work needed. The seed should ha drilled in immediately before or just after a rain, otherwise the seed may fail of germina tion, and they will need a deeper cov ering of soil to pre; eat drying out. Cnicn seed hus planted will, with fa vorable conditions, produce a line crop cf bulbs in the spring and come into use earlier than se'tc planted in the spring. Let it be understood that large bulbs can only be produced when fer tilizers are freely appLed. The drop pings of the hen yard and wood ashes make an excellent fertilizer for onions. Caus.e ; IJaJ MVtU. Dr. Gerber, the Swiss scientist, class iGes the causes cf tainted milk as fol lows: 1. Poor fodder. 2. Poor, dirty water, used not only . for watering cows, but also for wash ing cans. C. Foul air in cow stables. 4. Uneleanliness in milking. 5. Keeping the miik too long in too warm and poorly ventilated places. G. Neglecting to cool the milk quickly after milking. 7. Lack of cleanliness in the care of milk. S. Poor transportation facilities. 0. Sick cows. 10. The cows being in heat. Water Xot Butter. Mr. Robert Gib son, a dealer in Irish butter, tells the creamerynien some plain facts about their methods of buttermaking. One point we note for the benefit of cur makers who have leaned to the belief that water could be sold for butter. "The roguery of intentionally making water stand upright by the aid of some butter, and selling it as butter, is of much too frequent occurrence. This is a wrong. Only yesterday (August 10) I had a lot supposed to be creamery butter. the firmest of which showed on analysis no less than 22.05 moisture, and from its appearance, and its ap pearance while being analyzed, there is no doubt that the water being there was no accident, but that it was delib erately forced into the butter. K is wo ful, wilful, wicked waste to make stuff that is not wanted except a: miserable prices, while it is so easy by care to make the choicest, which is so much wanted at good prices. Ex. FARM AND GARDEN. MATTERS OF INTEREST TO AGRICULTURISTS. Some Up-to-date Hints About Cultiva tion or the Soil and Yields Thereof Horticulture, Viticulture and" Flori culture. ULLETIN 119, of Cornell University experiment station, speaking of the texture of soil, says: Every good far mer knows that a hard and lumpy soil will not grow good crops, no mat ter how mhch plant & y .sU AXi M' food it may contain. A clay soil which has been producing good crops for any number of years may be so seriously injured by one injudicious plowing in a wet time as to ruin it for the growing of crops for two or three years. The injury lies in the modification of its physical texture, not in the lessening Df its fertility. A sandy soil may also be seriously impaired for the growing Df any crop if the humus tv decaying organic matter is allowed to burn out of it. 't then becomes leachy, it quickly loses its moisture, and becomes excessively hot in bright sunny weather. Similar remarks may bo applied to all soils. That is. the texture or physical condi tion of the soil is nearly always more important than its mere richness in plant food. A finely divided, mellow, friable soil is more productive than a hard and lumpy oue of the same chem ical composition because: It holds and retains more moisture; holds more air; presents greater surface to the roots; promotes nitrification; hastens the de composiion of mineral elements; has less variable extremes of temperature; allows a better root-hold to the plant. In all these ways, and others, the mel lowness of the soil renders the plant food more available and affords a con genial and comfortable place in which the plant may grow. The reader will now see the folly of applying commercial or concentrated fertilizers to lands of poor texture. He will sec that if potash, for example, were applied to the hard lumps of clay it cculd not be expected to aid in the growth of plants, because plants cannot grow on such soil. If the same quantity were applied to proper soil, however, the greater part of it would be pre sented to the roots of plants at once, and its effects would no doubt he ap parent in the season's crop. The read er will readily undei stand that it is useless to apply commercial fertilizers to lands which are not in proper phys ical condition for the very best growth of crops. Farmers do not appreciate the im portance of humus as an ameliator of laud. In farm lands, it is usually sup plied in the form of green crops, stub ble or sward, and barn manures. When humus is absent, sandy soils become too loose and leachy and hot, and clay soils bake and become lumpy. The writer has much of this hard unproductive land. What is to be done with it? To cover it with commercial fertilizer would be of little benefit. It must first be put in fit condition for the growing of crops. A crop of clover plowed under would quickly improve it, but the land is newly planted to or chard and he does not care to seed it don. The next recourse is stable ma nure. Of this enough can be had to cover the hardest spots. For the rest, catch or cover crops must be used. Fol lowing beans or potatoes, he can sow rye and plow it under very early in the spring. Now and then he can use a fall crop of sowed corn or oats or some thing of the kind. After a time, he may be able to get the land in such a condition of tilth as to secure an occa sional stand of crimson clover. This practice, continued judiciously for a few years, ought to radically change the character of the land; but all this will be of little avail unless the plow ing and cultivation which are now so inadequate can be done in a timely and intelligent way. AH this will take time and patience. He wishes that there were some short-cut and lazy way of improving this land by making some application of fertilizer to it, but there i3 not. The most he eau do is to slowly bring it Into such condition that it will pay to put concentrated fertilizers on it. In short, the first step in the enrich ment of unproductive land is to im prove its physical condition by means of careful and thorough tillage, by the addition of humus, and perhaps by un derdrainage. It must first be put in such condition that plants can grow in it. After that, the addition of chem ical fertilizers may pay by giving addi tional or redundant growth. Ii. K. Bailey. llorlirultural Note. Prof. .7. L. Budd, writing in the Iowa Stale Register, gives some important suggestions, which we republish, as fol Iowfc: Cherry on Own Roots: .Careful ob servation will show that the cherry trees that are sprouting in garden and orchard are mostly on their own roots. Our cherry trees are either budded on Malialeb stocks or crown grafted on Mazzard seedlings. The mabaleb root never sprouts. So if sprouts appear it shows that the tree has been planted deep enough so that roots come from the, scion which throws up i.prouts. The Mazzard root may sprout, buf as tibua! ly planted it rarely does. If it does sprout, the leaf is so peculiar that it can be detected at once. The point we wish to vaake is that every little sprout of a valuable variety, if set in nursery row. will make a valuable tree. Within the past week we have seen valuable sprouts in farmers' gardens who were talking about buying more cherry trees. Do not forget that the sprout from a good variety is more valuable than a grafted tree. ' Clean Up and Plow the Garden: We again repeat the statement that the garden cleaned up and plowed in the fall is in better condition for planting In the spring, and it is rarely infested with cut worms. Indeed, during the past twenty-five years we have no; failed to plow the garden in the fall r.nd we have rarely had a plant cut off by a cut worm. We also never fail to turn over in the fall land on which we ex pect to plant the spring small fruits, tree- or shrub seeds or rooi grafts. With this care little if any damage is done by cut worms. But it ha- happened that not quite enough plowing was done in the fall. In every rase the part planted in the spring plowing suffered from cut worms, and plum seedlings were totally destroyed. Why so Few Plums: - Several have asked why the native plums bore so shyly this season, as thr-y blossomed very full and we had a mild winter and no frost. The reason is very simple. While the blossoms were expanded we had continuous insist cr rainy weather in most neighborhoods, which was not faxorable for pollination. In some neighborhoods the wi shone more and 13 m plums were quite plentiful. But on soils where the trees suffered severely last summer from drouth the blossoms last "spring of the native plums were not perfect. On the college grounds our trees on hardpan, within six feet of the surface, blossomed very full, but not one blossom in a hundred was perfect In our work in crossing it was difficult to find a blossom with a perfect pistil an,d not one of our crossed blossoms developed a plum. But on more favor able soil the blossoms were perfect and fruited xvell where a few hour3 of sun shine came at the right time. Many corn fields also show the effects of moist weather. When the period came for filling out the ears several days of moist weather prevented the flying of pollen. Hence in some neighbornoods the corn is not filled out on mo3t of the ears, while in others where the weather favored the ears are perfect. The Stable Floor. There is no doubt about the durabil ity and desirability of cement floors for stables, for walks and many other purposes, and where the right kind of sand or gravel can be had without much cost such floors are not expensive as to first cost, and in the long run would be cheaper than wood. The ma terials required are Portland cement (inferior cement is not likely to be sat isfactory, and is quite sure to be the costliest in the end), and good, sharp, clean sand or coarse gnnrel. If the lat ter contains some stones up to the size of a hen's egg, no harm will be done. The sand or gravel must be free from earthy substances. Clay or mold in it will make wealc places in. the floor, making it practically worthless. The proportions of the two should be one of cement to four of sand, which makes a strong but not very smooth fabric. If a fine, smooth finish is required, make a thinner mortar of half and half fine sand and cement and apply a thin coat, say half an inch thick, after the first has set. If where it will not freeze, any solid earth foundation will do. But if freezing and leaving are possible, make the base of sandy soil well compacted. The cement base should not be a mortar, as for plastering but thick and crumbly, and so worked toj::iir tr. tbr "whole mass will b moist, and that both materials will be thoroughly incorporated. Each parti cle of sand needs to be in contact with some cement. The mixing should bo thorough xvhile dry, and after the water is added the mixing necessary to make the whole moist will be sufficient. On a good foundation 2 to 2 inches thick is sufficient to give all the strength required. As the cement is spread it needs to be compacted with a pounder of some kind. If properly made, such a floor becomes as hard and durable as rock. In many cities the very best of sidewalks and even street gutters are made In the manner de scribed, according to Mountain Stock man, authority for the foregoing. l'l.intins Apple Seeds. Having planted more or less each year for the last forty-two years, and tried spring and fall with varied suc cess, the fall planting did the best, writes P. M. Gideon in the Cultix-ator. I sow the seed in the drill and cover not more than one inch deep, and so planted, scarcely a seed will fail to germinate the next spring. The seeds to do their uest should be planted not less than one inch apart, and if to be grown as orchard trees without graft ing they should take one winter in puraerv to test their hardiness, and then reject all that fail to make a hardy growth and a perfect terminal bud. Take up and set in orchard at one year old, for at that age the tap root can be had entire and easily planted. In growing a healthy tree the most import ant part is the tan root. Small fibrous side roots are better cut off, doing more injury than good. I grow and fruit thousands of seedlings, and in a pro miscuous lot not more than one in fifty will be a fairly good apple. To make sedlMigs a success requires experience and careful culling. My best success was 1.200 culled from 10,000, and even then some poor ones. Nitrogen Gatherers. Nitrogen is the most costly constitu ent of commercial fertilizers; and, in many instances, the increased cost of the fertilizer due to the nitrogen it contains will balance or even exceed i !nronco in thp nrocccds from the crop, due to the nitrogen. Fortunately, wo art; not oblieed to rely entirely upon commercial fertilizers for our supply of nitrogen to enncn our soiib. Recent investigations have proved that the class of plants called "legum inous plants." to which the clovers, peas, beans, etc., belong, have tho power of deriving from the air a part of the nitrogen required in their irnwtli. Tor this reason they are sometimes called "nitrogen-gatherers." This fact helps to explain wny clover is so valuable in restoring and enrich ing poor soils. The clover plant is rich in nitrnconous matters and. when the crop is plowed under, they decay in the soil and add to its supply of nitro gen for the next crop. Ground and Cooked Feed the Best. All animals are provided with a means of crushing or grinding or putrifying their food, preparatory for the action of the digestive fluids. The digestive sys tem of the chicken is piovided with a strong muscular organ, containing more or less gravel, by which the food is ground up. The cow has four stom achs, in the first of which the food is macerated and thep returned to the mouth for final mastication. The hog gulps his food down and depends on the length of his alimentary canal to secure proper digestion. Throughout the whole animal economy, whatever may be the method of taking and digesting food, thorough mechanical division. Grind ing and cracking feed therefoie assists nature has provided largely for its nature's efforts. Keep Plants Apart. It is good for plants to keep as much apart as pos sible. If the seed fell straight to the ground, and the young plants all grew up together around the parent one, they would starve each other out. For plants are like people, and when crowded too closely together, fall to fighting among themselves. Their struggles are very bitter ones, though we dc not Fee or hear them. The plants that are strongest in these silent bat tles end by ge'tting the light and air, and water and food they need from the soil, while the poor weaklings are left to starve and die. To prevent too much of this wasteful crowding and struggling, old Dame Nature has in vented many a clever little scheme. Ex. Begonias. Keep your begonias free from dust. When sweeping, cover with an apron or sheet. If you wish to sponge their leaves, do so in the morn ing, that they may he a chance to dry off before night. Drop? of water remaining on Rex begonias will rot a hole in the leaves, which makes the plant look unsightly. Ex. Light is essential to ths health o the hens, therefore hate good wiu-dowg. Good Farm and Fruit Lands. Haxk! All To la-raatora sad Homo leosPoople. Would yon like to buy a farm where the land would increase ia value 13.00 per aero each year for the next five years' Or, if you are renting, whero the payments would be less than the yearly rent that you are now paying; where you will beonly 50 miles from Houston, a city with 16 railroads; where crops will net yon from 115.00 to 135.00 per acre a year; near, where 13 acres of pears have netted a fanner over 15,000 per annum ; where you can in December go into your garden and get for your dinner fresh lettuce, radishes, peas, beans, cab bage, beets, celery, onions, new Irish and sweet potatoes, and on your way into tho house gather crysanthemums, roses and other varieties of flowers for your table; whero the climate is mild and delightful; where frosts rarely ever come; whero your stock can maintain itself on the prairie nearly the year around ; where you don't have to spend in the winter all that you make in the summer; but, instead, can raise something almost every month in the year. All this and more can be had at C His. TKRVILLK. TCXAS. where we have a tract of land 8 by 12 miles.with two railroads run ning through it and two townsonit. Write for our pamphlet, ''Fertile Farm Lands," price, terms, etc. Also as to cheap excur sions via the Rock Island to Ft. Worth and from there over the Santa Fe to Wallis, Texas, and San Antonio & Aransas Pass to ChesterviUe, as well as how to secure FREE FARE TO TEXAS. Southern Texas Colonization Co., John Linderholm, Mgr., 110 Rialto Building, Chicago. How to Keep Wrinkles Aw a jr. A simple preventive against the appearance of wrinkles is this: Satu rate a soft towel in very hot water, wring it and apply it to the face, keep ingit there for at lcabt twenty min uttts. Then dry the face very gently. This must be done just before going to bed. When traveling, if the skin is very sensitive, do not bathe the face except at night and in the morning, and then throw a few drops of tincture of benzoin into the water, so that it may be made soft and agreeable to the skin. Ladies Home Journal. Nasal Catarrh for Years. SO-CALLED CATARRH CURES FAILED TO CURE. The Trae War ' to Take the One True Wood I'uritlrr. Catarrh is caused by impure blood. The best physicians say so. Tho only way to cure catarrh is to j.urify the blood. Hood's Sarsaparilla cures catarrh when all other medicines fail, Lecanse Hood's Sarsaparilla is 'i ho One True Blood Purifier. This is logica', and that it is true i-s proved by thousands of testimonials li ;e this: 'I was troubled with nasal cntarrh for many years. 1 doctored for it. ami at one time too!: a dozcu bottles of a so-called catarrh cure, but without leucticial etfect. I had read ot case-i where others lluil Bern Cnreil bjr Hood b'arsaparilln, and I determined to try it. 1 took five Lotties last ear, and m high ly p'eased with the relief oltainrd. . I have had no particular trouble lrom ca tarrh since that time except a slight in I'nnnnation when I catch co'd. I have I roved, in my own ease, that Hood's Sar saj arilla will cure catarrh, and I also de rived Leneiit in a general way from its use. It is an cxceUent remedy, and I am g'nd to give my exrerienro with it for ca tarrh for the tcueSt of those who may be simi'arly nfllicted." Mns. John Lehman, 10:t Wilkinson St.. Goshen, Indiana. An average sized cocoaiuit produces a pint of milk. Karmrr Wmitril In Every township, three days a wee"., during winter, to distribute samples, col lect names of sick peop'oand work up trade for their druggists on tho '5 great fnmi'y rcniedies: Dr. Kay's Renovator, Dr. Kaj's Luii Halm, and Kidneykiira. Good pay to man or woman. Send for Looklet and terms. Dr. 1$. J. Kay Medical Co., Western ollice, Omaha, Neb. There are 1,T4J locks and keys in the Grand Orera House. 1'arN. PITS tniwl frcram! jxrinan'Mly curn!. J afur fir Iay r us f Or. Kline's ttrrat V No fl: rrte K-torer. Frc 2 trial liottl.- anil irraus semt to 1)k. Klim,U31 Arch St.. I'hilaJelphia, fa. Tho lnrceit kiuhen in the world is that of the 1 on Yarche, in I'aris. Suffering Women. I Alas! women do tifLr. "u7hv. we often cannot tell, but t we know there is ;; one great cause, and :; that is weakness. The headaches, the 1 AnreseA feeliflps. the coins, the riicrrmrairemcnts. indeed, almcst r ,11 Um nev fiae a rrwnmrvn III" .AM. .llfci. J w i citise weakness. At such times I a woman always needs a. friend that can be relied upon, and such a friend, for more than twenty vears. has bees that greatest of all t remedies, By its purity and its power it t furnishes a prompt relief for t women in their hours of need, and if the grateful expressions f which come up from the homes of the land about what SAFE I CURE has done were printed, X they would fill volumes. If you, reader, are a sufferer, can you not take hope from this sug- gestion? Lari;c Uitilc. or new stjle. smaller one. at jrocr . "Qr MSVE UlUAN flORIICA, who has written a practical article, How to Train the Voice, for The Companion for 1897. pgfe, ti ' ? &EiBQ0 E- Nt I for tbe GIbole family- Titt- -rVkitv-fsr -iTc flnnminrf Adventure Stories on Land and Sea, Stories for 5os, Stories for I. iris, Reporters' Stories, Doctors' Stories, Lawyers' Stones, Stones for hi cry l.odyall profusely illustrated by popular arti-ts. Six Double Holiday Numbers. More than two thousand Article-, of Mi-cellany ncrdote, Humor, Travel. Timely Kditorial, "Current Kvcn's," "Current Topics ' ami "Xature and Science" Departments every week, etc. One of the nest beautiful CALENDARS issued this year will te given to each New Subscriber to The Companion. Calendar is puhlMied exclusively bv Tins Yorrii's Companion and could uot be sold in Art Stores for less than One Dollar. Subscription Price of The 12-Color Calendar nay toiero FREE. TSi. Ccspaalon hu inr cr. AndTtCc3iclcoriftr-two W.eiJ ant'lji Th Youth's Companion,. 201 To Chase Cottoa. A new method has beca devised for animalizing" cotton that is for giv ing it the character of animal fiber, so that it can be dyed by the processes that are used for wool. Heretofore this has been accomplished by im pregnating the material with albaaua or casein; but in the new process the cotton fiber receiver a thin coating of wooL In preparing the bath for this purpose a small quantity of wool is first dissolved by boiling with barium hydrate. The barium is then removed by carbonic acid gas, and a little form aldehyde is added. The cotton cloth is wetted with the solution so prepared after which it is dried, steamed and washed. It can then be dried directly with any acid or basic dye. although the colors obtained are not so fast aa on wooL Hope for the Dull Oa. Dullness is not always an evidence of a lack of brains. Parents should not be discouraged because their child ren arc not always as bright as those of their neighbors. When Isaac Bar row was a boy he appeared so stupid that his father said, if God took away any of his children he hoped it would be Isaac. Yet that boy lived to be one of tho greatest divines of the Church of England. Douglas Jerrould was also a dull boy. and Napoleon's teacher said he would need a gimlet to put learning into the head of the future conqueror of Europe. Sir Walter Scott. Chatter ton and many others were notably dull boys. t Pretty par says Pretty Poll She's just "poll parroting." There's no prcttincss in pills, except ou the theory of " pretty is that pretty docs." In that case she's right. Ayers Pills do cure biliousness, constipation, and all liver troubles. Hit Turn. "Willie (cryinK) For goodness sake, papa, don't go in the house. Mamma's just thrashed me, and you'll be next! 49 YEARS A SUFFERER. Sipt Slli. I5. IXUKSlcs m 7 jenroM ami Ixir.wi takinTnur tncillcin H-t April for l:li ilnmtl-in, nln hi li.-nrli'! for W yfATf. altfo fti i ira!c lu mt Sln i taking "i Props" IN l'hr!im:iUm linn all il!iiurM!. lhIIT nrw I- ctmr from my Joint', ami mv Nurt Mrir-r mi: lirat 1 am ttt!-r a ucll. Mruu.r 'Toiunn.aii! I It to "5 lro".' I "lily wl!i 1 oiiM Minnil my l.ujcle of praio lm 1 erocicli I ! hfanl all trr lit vrorM. ami ould riiiTinti- rrry one Hint '. KiopV i- all oil ilnlm il lo lie anil inori. Mlt I T I l.r.l:. Wlri!o strrii.-oti (."., III. Kirry oik" timw tli.it ' ." lrop" i a q'lii t. an.! pTiinnet I lire lor KlirM mat lint, ."lenrtl ;i:. C.Miirrk. I3't-pi-.lil, .NrtTOimnrai. I.i. Cirl::i. :'!! HiHlml ilir-r" l ' r liotlle Sampli pl.palil. l.y mail. T nts. SwiBjcn EteGEtis Cart Co.. 167 rrbcrn St., ChicK. III. Comfort to California. 1'very Thursday morning. tnuriil sleeiiln; car for Den vi r.i-:lt Lake! Ity.an I'ran riMn.snd l.os A nelc. leaves (linalia ami Lincoln via tho Iturliiistoti I'oiitc. It K carpeted, nphoNtercd In rattan has spring .scats and liacUs and Is provided ; itli curtains. Iieddinir. tow els oap.etr An experienced excursion conductor and a uniformed t ullinan porter accompany it through to tho I'aeinV Coast. While neither as expen sively linlsheil nor as lino to look at as a palacesteepcr.lt is just, as good to ride in. Sec ond clas tic kctsarehnnored and th price ofa hcrth.wldo enoiu'li and hig cnouah for two, is only ? I or :t folder girlns; full particular- write to J. Franci?. Cen I I'a-s'r geiit Oiuaha.Neb. s&ustth MISSOURI. The best truit .section in the West. No drouths A failure -f crops nevtr known. Mild climate rroduetiwsoi!. Abundance of food pure water I For Maps and Circulars civinjr full descrip tion of the Kuh Mu.er.il I'niltand AKricilItu i ral linds in South Wcit Missouri, write to JOHN 31 rilCUV. Manager of the Missouri Land and I.nc stocl: Company. Neosho, New ton Co.. Missouri. nfiriT miniHC llnlni- !'.n In the ri.l nUDI I Un !0 tiilnt in i.1. var am wll CommlMlrm Mm iiaini-lTrUli tlir uant'if . .. ii....k . it.ilu ..ncinnllrf'in lihl C II Hill. KlllillI irrt'if," (--! .? -- tVA.NTMi! thr Mjrlicst prtrf. Am prm ... .-- it,...! I. it frw rbtiirtiii am! rfcri try, 4:uim'. -a-, fItIr !:? rrut-i-e Any !-a IIIUl'l CIC 'l lI "iU-.- rfcV ACE"TS. WeftrnHhcve Work withladirs. pleasant and ery proliinh Book tree I l "luiner iuai;;i .-; ife-'"s-"icsifc:S"fc:"l eMI fffmfig Cclehratitif: in 1S97 its -centy-first birth day Tun Coti'in offers its readers n.any exceptionally rrilliant feature. 'I lie two hemispheres have lccn explored in search of attractive matter. TK.e&utti1S (ompanion In addition to the 25 staff writers Tub Companion" Contributors numk-r fully 200 of the most famous men anil women of i-oth continents, including the most popular wniers of fiction and some of the most eminent statesmen, scientists, travellers and musicians. - ; fnr iKo7. bout Alorbmc Srrial, Companion $1.75 a Year, Ntw Sstnerfi bo win tt oet thij 1 illp tad J It at cue with -a and iiiim aei $1 " wiU weir FBEE- Tt YoetH-t Coapasioa .T.rr " hta ti tJB FEEE ChnltauJ. :.vr Tea.-, and Eaaur DoW J"; ioivmair. -y 1 rMT.taJas 1.1S3S. Columbtts Ave. Boston, Mis. A i t .I n k "W """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""H ' "iv """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" r""""""""H, """"""""""""M J"Bw fiKTr r 777 H wH- "ii H if 9w """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""j B MrL "r"hj " iv tI Jv A " " "VI. 1- -""- -uri ttJS vrifiitjfrnrin'' 6.Mfr ?MU-eJ$X