tegi
r?
.
A psfclisker has recently collected m
series of eight essays os the above sub
ject by store or less competent jadfes
front the woman's point of view, and
, the Free Beriew (a somewhat oat
spoken periodical) has been analyzing
them from a man's point of view.
Lady Jenne, to begin with, makes an
important discovery the ideal has
Wad of twenty years ago was qnite a
different individual from the ideal man
of. today. She also says: "There is
always, and mast always be, a master
mind in every house."
Mrs. Lynn Linton depicts the woman
who thinks herself bora only for the
parpose of being' taken care of, and the
obedient husband who submits to in
dignities of all sorts and who does not
care to be the master mind. She ap-
propriately says: 4The sex, as a sex,
is happiest when nobly mastered that
is, when mastered by justice, the large
inindedness, the high principles of
men."
. . John Strange Winter thinks that
home girls have found their ideals, bat
'that the majority have got a wretch
who is' neither fish, fowl nor good red
herring. It is really kind of her that
she allows the ideal to have a hobby,
even if it be stamp collecting, only it
must not be too expensive. And he
must never eat too mach for drink too
. much.
." Mrs. Fenwick Miller enthusiastically
pleads for equality of husband and wife
the ideal marriage to be the friend
ship of chums.
Mrs, Emily Crawford pities the ideal
; husband if such a thing should descend
on cur planet, and sympathetically she
exclaims: "What a tragical fate would
be his!''
Mrs.' Iloyd Carpenteris'thelastof the
octet She firmly believes that the wife
can remold the man, if only he is of a
sftlciently soft material.
. Marriageable women may not reap
' much benefit from these essays, but
their natural instinctive selection will
no doubt serve them better than ad
vice. State of Ohio. City of Toledo, Lucas
County ss.
Frank J. Cheney mattes oath that he
Is the senior partner of the Arm of F.
J. Cheney & Co.. doing- business In the
City of Toledo. County and State afore
said, and that said firm will pay the
sum of One Hundred Dollars for each
and every case of Catarrh that cannot
be cured by the use of Hall's Catarrh
Cure. FRANK J. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed In
my presence this 6th day of December,
A. D. 1886. A. W. GLEASON.
(Seal.) Notary Public.
Hall's Catarrh Cure Is taken Internal
lr and acts directly on the blood and
mucous surfaces of thi system. Send
for testimonials, free.
F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo. O.
Sold by druggists; 75c
. Hall's Family Pills. 25c
Krarctalnc for Aacestora,
The search after ancestors which has
lccn inaugurated by the Daughters of
the Involution and colonial dames has
developed strange relationships. A
vcrv high and mighty personage, in
tracing out the various descendants of
a famous Revolutionary general, whose
collateral descendant she was proud to
declare herself, found that the direct
descent ended in a poor charwoman
whom she had been in the habit of em-
ploying by the day. It was a lucky
riud for the latter, for her large hearted
and genorous connection, exemplifying
the old adage that blood is thicker than
water, proved a veritable Lady Boun
tiful to the family. She educated the
children, found a promising opening
for tiic son, and pensioned off her poor
relations whom the many reverses of
health and fortune had quite broken
down. It was a great good to arise
from wl-sit many deem a useless fad.
Tbo Modem Mother
Has found that her little ones are improved
more by the pleasant laxative, Syrup of
Figs, when in need of the laxative effect of
a peutlc remedy, than by any other, and
tiiat it is more acceptable to them. Chil
dren enjoy it anil it benefits them. The
true remedy. Syrup of Figs, is manufac
tured by the California Fig Syrup Co.,
. only. -
Women and Science.
Political economy may be a science
which has caused trouble to the mas
culine mind in times past, but that will
not. prevent women from rushing in.
The new school of political science
opened to women by Barnard this year
lias registered among its studentsgrad
'wates of l.ryn Mawr, Cornell, Smith,
Vassar. the University of Wisconsin
and Wellesley. These students arc not
, only instructed by Columbia professors,
but have full privileges in the use of
the university's affiliations with other
institutions and receive the univers
ity's degrees.
Six newsrajers published in Germany
were etaUished 300 years ago.
The skeleton a'one of an average whale
xicigh about twenty-five tons.
Always
Taking cold, is a common complaint. It
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it often leads to serious troubles. The
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the one true blood purifier is
- Sarsaparilla
HdS Pills cure all Liver Ills, at
1'ull Business, Shorthand, Pen Art
'and Telegraph course. Oldest, Largest
and Best in Nebraska. , Students can
work for board. Beautiful Catalog free.
F. F. ROOSE. Pros, Omaha.
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DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
fal Farmers Operate This
eat of the Vmnm A Tew
Mtttk Car at Uw Stack
F Jtrjr.
B.W.H. SCHADT,
Goshen, Indiana,
asks a few ques
tions "on keeping
and feeding hens
which "are consid
ered of sufficient
importance for oth
ers, sb they combine
many subjects that
are of interest. He
says:
1. How many bens can one keep on
an acre of land allowing each fowl 10
square feet of house space, and raise
bis own feed?
2. la sunflower seed good for moult
ing fowls given In large quantities?
3. State In proportions the following
grains as to value for laying hens; corn,
wheat, oats, buckwheat and barley.
4. Which of the following vegetables
is best for bens for winter use, potatoes,
turnips, beets or carrots?
i S. Can a flock of hens reach an aver
age of 150 eggs per hen and be in good
condition for reaching the same num
ber next year?
I 6. A hen sometimes continues to lay
after she has commenced to moult.
Will she begin laying (if in good condi
tion) in three months from the time she
ceases laying or from the time she be
gins to moult?
7. I saw In the Poultry Keeper that
moulting hens should be fed all they
can eat Will this not bring them in
an over-fat condition for laying? -
1. It is an accepted rule that a hun
dred hens are as many as should be
kept on acre, but if each hen is al
lowed 100 square feet of yard only then
an acre will accommodate 400 hens. An
acre Is 210 feet square, or 44,100 square
feet We suggest that the yards be
50x100 feet which will be eight yards.
Put 25 hens in each yard, leaving each
alternate yard for growing crops. Each
flock will then have two yards so as to
be changed from one to the other, mak
ing 100 hens on an acre.
2. Sunflower seed, being oily, pro
motes moulting, hence should be fed
moderately, a gill a day being sufficient
for one hen.
3. We hardly understand the in
quiry. We consider barley, buckwheat,
oats, wheat and corn to be valued in the
order named, the proportions to be
about equal.
4. We regard potatoes, carrots, tur
nips and beets to be preferred in the
order mentioned.
5. Yes, such a result is accomplished
very frequently with good management
6. After a hen begins to moult she
usually is In prime condition again by
the time three months rolls around.
7. Moulting hens require very little
fattening food, and while it should be
fed liberally it should be on meat, bone,
milk, etc, rather than on grain or other
foods abounding in fat, starch or sugar.
Leghorns for Meat.
A great deal is said and written about
profitable breeds of poultry for market
purposes, and still remains an interest
ing question. It is probably true that
each article on the subject is liable to
bo more or less colored by the Individ
ual preference of the writer, though it
seems to be generally conceded that the
breeds of the American class are sec
ond to none as general utility fowls,
and ranks as first-class able birds, says
a writer in Colorado Farmer. The
Brahma. Wyandotte and Plymouth
Rock are undoubtedly par excellence as
market fowls.
With reference to tne smaller breeds,
it Is too often asserted that they are
profitable fowls for egg production, but
not for market We consider that the
merits of the smaller breeds as table
fowls, are too apt to be overlooked.
It is certainly hard to find any chick
en meat of better quality than that of a
fat young Leghorn, and they can cer
tainly be raised to a marketable age at
as small cost as any other breed. For
the edification of those of our readers
who are raising the smaller breeds .is
well as for the enlightenment of those
who are' ignorant of their merit, we
quote the following from the American
Stockman, as in our opinion it contains
a great deal of truth:
"It is a frequent expression that such
breeds as the Leghorns are good layers,
but too small for the market Those
who make use of such expressions In
writog have perhaps never given a day
toaahaspectionof the display of dressed
folTs on the market stalls. The fact
is. -small fowls sell better than those
which are larger. The demand for a
fowl not over four pounds weight Is
greater than for fowls weighing eight
pounds each. As to quality it is safe to
say the oft-repeated expressions that the
Leghorns are not excellent table fowls
and lack quality compared with the
Brahma have been accepted without in
vestigation. On the contrary, the clean yellow
legs, golden skin and plump carcasses
of the Leghorns make them very at
tractive when displayed in the stalls,
and this is well known to those who
buy and sell them, though writers on
poultry subjects seem to be unaware
of the fact"
Marketing Pigs Too Young Fear or
lower prices is undoubtedly sending
thousands of young pigs to market If
the country was full of hogs and the
prospects indicated an enormous orer
prssactioii there would be some sense
in, taking that course, but as matters
look today it would seem better to mar
ket more of the corn in hog skins.
However, every man ought to know his
business best, and it certainly is a dis
couraging thing to mature pigs and
then find that more money would have
been made by knocking them in the
hesdstr sacrificing them for what they
would bring before they had eaten
much grain. Chicago Drovers' Jour
nal. Apples in France. It is alleged that
the apple crop of France for 1SS3
ansauntea to jxz,vu ions, worth 523.-
. m. . on . , "
iue crop at !, nowever. was
light one. Evidently, the French
must average a very low grade,
ice the figures of production and
value show them to have been worth
but a little over S5 per ton. All this
probably accounts for the enormous
quantities of cider made in France,
which, for 1893. reached more than 800,
000,000 gallons, or fifty times the wine
product of California for the same year.
Ex.
Fighting Currant Worms. To get rid
if currant worms, insert a branch of
common pine Into the middle of the
currant or gooseberry bush and the
worms will not come into it. or if they
tre already there, they will leave at
jnee. This remedy Is far better than
the use of hellebore, and if the worms
cease twice, this will prevent the second
coming. Mrs. E. Learned', Massachusetts
Jm
30SBSH
Eaclteh Tlew a Batter TeaUaa
Mere quantity of milk does sot give
any clew as to the butter-prodncing
rapacity of a cow. But by the tester
the percentage of butter fat ia each
cow's milk is ascertained, with hardly
any labor and with absolute accuracy,
before the milk is poured into the com
mon receptacle for batter-making pur
poses. The dairyman who has no tester
merely knows the quantity of butter
his cows produce in the aggregate; he
has no clew as to the value of each in
dividual cow in the herd. With the
tester, on the other hand, he knows
exactly how much butter each indi
vidual cow produces "from every gallon
of ts milk. By this means he is en
able! to cull his herd, replacing poor
butter producers by good ones. The
poor cow costs just as much for food
and attention as the good one, but the
annual monetary returns of the two
animals show a wide margin of differ
ence. Moreover, a good butter cow
produces good butter stock, and so,
from his knowledge acquired from the
use of the milk tester, the breeder of
dairy stock is enabled to select the
proper calves to rear and the proper
ones to reject
In this way it becomes perfectly pos
sible, as has been actually done on
farms in Vermont and elsewhere In the
United States, tograde up a dairy herd
from an actual' production per cow of
150 pounds of butter per annum to an
average of 300 pounds and over. With
these figures before him even the lay
men will grasp the value of such an in
vention to each individual farmer who
uses it. But let us reflect what are the
money advantages of the system when
spread over the 1,000 farms that con
tribute to such a creamery as that at
St Albans, Vt; what the gain to the
whole of that great dairying state;
what the enhanced profit to the vast
dairying industry of America. Were
the milk tester in universal use
throughout Great Britain and Ireland,
the capitalized value of our dairy herds
might be increased in a few years' time
fully twenty-five per cent If, then, the
British farmer does not eagerly avail
himself of such an Invention, can he
fairly grumble at being ousted from his
own markets by hi3 foreign competi
tor? Westminster Review.
Hay, Roots and llran for Clrowth.
The great object of fattening is pro
duction of greatest quantity at the
least cost in the shortest time irre
spective of other conditions such as
manure value, of which we do not take
account at present In the natural
order of this inquiry after summer
conditions wc should look for fodder
that can be plentifully and cheaply
produced for winter use, such as hay,
straw and roots; many farmers give no
more, but it is not usually looked upon
as other than bare maintenance grow
ing the bone and muscle of young ani
mals well enough, but slow at fatten
ing. In this branch of our experimental
work we added bran to the hay and
roots, but no other grain whatever, and
of course the fodder in proportionately
larger quantities than had grain been
allowed. The result in cost and
progress has been unexpectedly grati
fyingsomething so good that one
pauses to consider whether, irrespec
tive of the value of manure, many of
our feeders are not in error with so
much grain and other forms of more
concentrated cattle food. Five and one
seventh pounds per head per day at a
cost of 9 cents per pound are above the
average of the whole series higher
than several that had the like fodders
with large rations of grain. It is possi
ble in this example that vigorous youth
got all it wanted to grow bone and
frame. Necessarily it took much bulk
of fodder to do so, for the cost is greater
than two examples on the card where
various grains were plentifully sup
plied. The lesson is a good one. how
ever, and bids us exercise greater char
ity than is common to those who pur
sue what is called the slower or old
fashioned system Ontario Experiment
Station.
Regular or Irregular Feeding.
Cattle when fed at the same hours
each day, lie down quietly after each
meal (with other proper caret to rest,
and as each feeding hour comes around
they are up and at their feed with keen
appetite. When the feeding is done ir
regularly they are always uneasy, and
upon a door opening, or hearing anyone
moving, they become restles3, as they
expect to be fed when approached, and
so by their unquietness the natural
waste is increased. While sufficient to
satisfy the keen appetite should be
given, anything like over feeding should
be carefully guarded against, as food
is wasted, and an over-fed beast takes
several days to get in proper condition.
The successful feeder will attentively
notice at every feeding hour, how each
bullock has disposed of the preceding
meal, and increase or decrease the feed
if necessary. There is a difference of
opinion regarding how often cattle
should be fed daily, but many of the
best feeders will (wc believe) agree with
us when wc say the best results arc ob
tained by feeding five time:;. The first
at six in the morning, the last at eight,
o'clock, and the other three at equal
intervals during the day. They should
be turned out daily, before the neon
feeding hour, to good fresh water (ex
cept in severe weather), and allowed
half an hour's exercise, as it prevents
them from getting stiff or crippled, and
will keep them in good trim for a run
by train and shipping. Ex.
Propagating Raspberries. The prop
er way to propagate the black cap rasp
berry is by sticking the long, snake
like tips in the soil and growing a new
plant from these. If the soil .has been
well cultivated and the plant is very
vigorous a plant can be made not only
from the tip of the main stem, but from
most of the branches. So soon as they
are well rooted the new plants should
be separated from the old stem. The
wind blowing the bush loosens the
branches where they are rooted in the
soil and uproots them. This is pretty
sure to happen if the plant is left with
these numerous rooted tips in the
ground over winter. Freezing and
thawing is hard enough on any new
plant, but is especially so to one at
tached to another above it and con
stantly pulling it upward. As the toil
is loosened when thawed, up flies the
branch with its rooted tip, and a short
time in spring sunshine destroys its
vitality. Ex.
What Our Milk and Butter Costs. To
supply the demand for milk and its
products -in this country, 15.000,000
cows are required. To furnish food for
them, the cultivation of over 60,000,000
acres of land is required. In caring for
the cowsand their milk, 100.000 men and
1,000,000 horses are needed. Cows and
horses consume annually 20,000,000 tons
of hay, 90,000.000 bushels of cornmeal,
and the same amount of oatmeal, 275,
000.000 bushels of oats. 12.000.000
buBhels of bran, and 30,000.000 bushels
of corn, to say nothing of the brewery
and questionable feed of various kinds
that is used all over the country. It
costs 9400,000,000 to feed these cows and
horses. Interstate Grscet,
Trataat f Calvaa.
Calves thrive mack, better wke kept
la a stable or is a shed darkened daring
the time ef flies, and plentifully sap
plied with bedding, the advantages are
that they worry the cows and them
selves less and lean to eat sooner, all
of which induces store rapid growth.
When about six weeks old they are fed
a little bran and oats, at first aa much
as they will eat at once; when learned
to eat freely, they should be fed direct
what they will eat clean, of bran and
peas, or bran and barley, the grain well
boiled, otherwise ground or crushed,
which should be continued in an in
creasing ratio until more than one year
old, or the arrival 'of the second sum
mer; when roots can be had, they should
be fed a moderate quantity, sliced, dur
ing the time of root-feeding, otherwise
oil-cake will form a valuable adjunct,
or indeed in either case. In time of
green food, as clover or corn, it should
be carried to them. They should also be
supplied plentifully with fresh water
twice a day in winter, and three times
a day in summer, and a sufficienfquan
tity of salt
The prominent idea Is to keep them
pushing ahead with a judicious baste
from the day of birth onward. Observe
our feeding council are unanimous in
their advocacy of keeping the calves in
the first summer, and grouped In box
stalls and graded according to age and
sex.
Mr. Hope suggests a plan that will
prove invaluable to the butter dairy
man. The calves can be hand-fed new
milk from birth until six weeks old,
then skim milk, into which is put one
half teacupful of flaxseed, after the lat
ter has been soaked several hours and
afterwards boiled three-quarters of an
hour. This should be put into the milk
when warm, which tends to bring the
latter to a suitable temperature. The
quantity of the boiled flaxseed may be
increased to half a pint, and may be
given once or twice a day as the calves
may bear It, along with the other food
ration as described above, or when ap
proaching one year they may get five
pounds of crushed grain, one-half
ground peas and the other half crushed
oats, adding two pounds oil-cake per
day; when younger, the quantity fed
should be proportionately less. On
tario Experiment Station.
Keep th Cow Bara Clean.
Our feeding floor is swept every
morning after milking, and it adds a
good deal to the looks. Then, if the
cattle leave anything at alt, the man
gers are all swept out while the cattle
are out to drink. After the stables are
cleaned and bedded, the walk is swept
into the gutter. Another use for the
broom is to occasionally sweep the
ceiling and sides of the stable thorough
ly so as to remove all loose dust and
cobwebs, thereby removing, according
to Professor Russell, one of the chiet
causes of bacteria. Use plenty of good
clean straw for bedding. It will pay,
in the end, I believe, to cut all the bed
.ding if conveniences are at hand for so
doing. It will then make a better "ab
sorbent and make the manure liner,
which Is quite an object if it is to be
used "on corn land. Be sure your gut
lr is water tight and use road dust,
sifted coal ashes, chaff qr sawdust, to
absorb what liquid the straw doesn't
take up. I would also use land plaster
by sprinkling a few pounds over the
bedding just before each milking. If
you have never used plaster in this
way, you will be surprised to sec how
much better the stable will smell. It
is also a great saver of ammonia, as the
chemists will tell you. Mr. Hill.
Linseed Meal in the Dairy. A neigh
bor of mine some time ago asked me
what was the best thing to give a cow
that had failed to drop the placenta. I
told him that I did not know, as I bad
never had any trouble in that line, but
I could tell him what would prevent it,
and recommended linseed meal. The
medical profession generally recom
mends a dose of physic as a first course
in certain cases of ailments that af
fects animals, and while Epsom salts
may have their place, yet it Is much
better, I think, to use linseed meal
and do away with the need of such
medicines. The above mentioned med
cines are called "cfthartics," whic:
derived fromjyamrd in some
lit
language wJflch means to kLflR. The
idea is thaCwhen these mainlines
taken into tne stomacnna mtestwes,
they irritate the linUgT to suchrde
gree that in the elforts topel the
foreign substance a watery -secretion is
poured out in such profusion that the
desired end Is accompli;
"kicked" out No
that it Is better tor use some
stuff that has
giving nouri
same'time aeffcs a cathart-rdoes, l
to use a cathartic whiclsfoniy a
irritating the syi
taken. National
Green Manuring. A report from the
New Jersey Station gives the plan ot
an experiment for the improvement of
light lands by the use of crimson clover
and cow peas and a statement regard
ing the method of cultivating cow peas
on a larger scale in New Jersey. Cow
peas, following crimson clover, yielded
at the rate of 14,400 pounds of green
material per aero. The vines con
tained 2,278.1 pounds of organic dry
matter, 70.6 pounds of nitrogen, 17.3
pounds of phosphoric acid and 50.4
pounds of potash. The roots on one
acre weighed only 1.0S0 pounds, and
contained 295.2 pounds of organic dry
matter, 4.2 pounds of nitrogen, 1.5
pounds of phosphoric acid and 4.1
pounds of potash per acre. The roots
and vines grown on an acre contained a
total of 34.8 pounds of nitrogen, 18.8
pounds of phosphoric acid and 54.8
pounds of potash. The nitrogen in the
vines is equivalent to that contained in
437 pounds of nitrate of soda and is
vali ed at about $11.
Hontc-Made Cheese. Why can't the
farmers' wives learn how to make the
old-fashioned cheese, such us used to
be made in "York state?" Those cheese
were so rich and creamy they could be
spread on bread like butter; they were
not at all like the new-fangled, later
day cheese which are hard enough to
knock down a Texas steer at one blow.
Give us a cheese made with less science
and more common sense: with less ren
net and acid, and more cream. Such
cheese arc the kind for home manufac
ture, home consumption aud near mar
keting. Ict the factories make
"hard stock," stomach-exhausting
cheese, while the home cheese makers
make the cheese that will melt in our
mouths, like the "cheese our grand
mothers used to make. H. E. F. in
Farm, Stock and Home.
Horse and Fish Fertilizer. The busi
ness of converting the surplus horses of
the west into fertilizer is booming in a
surprising degree. Six hundred sacks
of fertilizer recently arrived at San
Francisco in one shipment, destined for
the Hawaiian islands. A va&t amount
of fertilizer i3 also made from the re
fuse at the big salmon canneries on the
Columbia, and this, too. is shipped to
the Hawaiian sugar fields. It seems odd
to consider the conversion of horse aad
salmon into sugar. Ex.
neu, or it luwinshaa
jypw seems to ml Tittle
laanK
jhaiBiue as a means ot -.
gnjnent anu nvat trii
CflPby
stenawnto whiosTit is
Srockman.
FAESL AND GARDEN.
AtATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRICULTURISTS.
Cfta-Dett Bttafct AkMt Calttva-
f the a mm TtoMs The
arttcaltuv UfcmUmra urn Ftori
caltara. HETHER manure
should be ferment
ed, that is, piled up
in a heap and al
lowed to heat, in
the mean while
being turned and
kept moist enough
to prevent a vo
latilization of am
monia, has been
one of long con
troversy. Experiments by Professor
Voaiker of the Royal Agricul
tural society of England, and of
others, have shown that the fer
mentation of manure, when properly
conducted, results In its decomposition,
and under proper conditions does not
involve loss of ammonia, although.car
bonic acid, or a part of the organic
matter, is lost The material thus lost
has a relation to the physical condition
of soils and the decomposition a rela
tion to the warmth -of the soil and a
relation to the chemical reactions in
the minerals of the soil. The question,
then, is whether this loss Is compen
sated by a slightly more soluble man
ure at the time of its application. -
On sandy soils this loss of organic
matter, It would appear. Is a serious
matter, for it Is already deficient in it
and the water-holding capacity that it
brings to the soil Is of value to it
In soils already overrich in organic
matter and inclined to retain moisture
too much and these are soils where
decomposition Is likely .to' be slight
another question wllr be Presented.
Again, fermentation. ualeSaWarefully
conducted, will result Ib'1ob7K
nitrogen or ammonia of manure. .itJ
may be said that gardeners who'ex
to produce very early crops generally
advocate the fermentation of manure,
because it will give them an earlier
start, through Its greater amount of
available nutritive or soluble materials
and because the manure can be spread
much more evenly and be commingled
with the soil very much more thorough
ly A Fralt Honse
In some localities it is rather diffi
cult to secure a good cellar without
considerable work. Often drainage by
digging a trench Is necessary; and when
this is the case it will often pay to
build a fruit house above the grounf,
rather than to run the risk of water
flooding in and damaging the fruit and
vegetables. A fruit house, if well built,
so as to be frost-proof, is much more
convenient than a cellar in many ways"
but good care must be taken in doing,
the work if good results are to be se
cured. Two by six inches studding will be
the best; that is, not less than this
should be used. They can be placed
two feet apart, and it is usually best to
brace the corners. Eight feet is plenty
high, and in most cases six will be
sufficient It should be built close to
the ground, so that it can be banked
up readily on all sides. On the outside,
rough boards can be nailed on first, and
over that a layer of tarred paper or
heavy straw carefully weather-boarded.
When it can be done, it will be best
to fill the space between the studding
with sawdust, taking care to fill in
tightly. Rough boards can be nailed
on ,the Inside, and over this tarred
paper should again be tacked.
Overhead a tight layer of boards
should be put, and on them a good layer
of sawdust A chimney, or placo for
ventilation, should be provided. Care
should be taken to make tight; the
door and ventilation should be all the
openings. Good, close-fitting doors,
one to open outside and one inside,
will help. Boxes or bins should be built
inside and about four inches away from
tjmewall. Tdh will gjJe air space
Wffeen the will andJf fruit. To make
doubly suae, a
room in whic
ade In thejafverest weatheEamOTIl be
found a betJnt. as a very litsHnre will
lessen very materiallXaPdanger of
damage. A house of this kind, in a
winter like the last one, will keep fruit
anil vegetables without freezing, but in
such as we sometimes have, a
fire will be necessary. I? nut
Growers' Journal.
Treatment of Rose Rust Watch the
ushea, and when leaves appear af
fected, pick them off. If the disease
continues to spread, it is better to de
stroy the entire plant, if need be, than
to allow it to spread to the rest of the
garden. Spraying with Bordeau mix
ture may be good.
Chinch Bug la Oklahoma.
At the Oklahoma Experiment Station
Farm, at Stillwater, as well as in many
other parts of the territory, chinch
bugs were nearly or quite as injurious
to crops in the summer and fall as was
the dry weather. Experiments at the
Station and throughout the territory as
well as in different states, in causing
the destruction of the chinch bugs by
the introduction of disease among them,
were generally unsuccessful. The con
ditions under which the disease rapidly
spreads are not fully known, but it is
evident that dry weather is unfavorable
to such spread. With present knowledge
It is unwise to rely on the introduction
of disease as an effective method of de
stroying these destructive insects. It
has been proved entirely possible to
prevent the passage of the insects from
one field to another, except at the pair
ing season, when they fly freely, by a
system of barriers and traps. Furrows
with steep sides of finely pulverized
earth, or lines of coal zx on a well
smoothed surface, have been found en
tirely effective. The insects will collect
in holes in the furrows or at the side
of the coal tar line in vast numbers and
be destroyed by hot water or a kerosene
mixture Something can be done to
make the passage of the insects difficult
by keeping the corn, sorghum and sim
ilar crops as distant as may be from
the smaller grain and millet crops.
The Hone Ia Hlatorv.
In the literature of most if not all
nations the horse is a prominent fig
ure. Even in the books that are de
signed for children be is nearly al
ways present He is associated with
most ot the prominent historical evenU
of the world. He is nearly always an
actor in them. From the war horse of
Job, whose "neck was clothed with
thunder," from the steeds of Homer that
breathed fire from their nostrils, from
the horses that drew the chariots of
Pharaoh, from the charger of Alexan
der the .Great, down to the horses of
the present day, he is never absent from
the literature of the people. At the
present day the horse has more devo
tees, more people who employ them
selves in his cultivation and develop
ment autre who love him for what he
Is, what he has dene and what he is
innrt iVArn enr in uaaar " W
.r .... am-o m
LUH.11. fc. LV j QUI. ... I
aflfa litt'e fire majr be
expected to do. than all ether animals.
It it impossible that am anistal whose
past la so iaterwovem with that ef the
fcnssam race, that answers to many hu
man uses, both ot necessity and pleas
ure, that has wea the affection and re
gard of so many people in so many
different races, and which now consti
tutes so large a proportion ef the wealth
of the world, should either go out of
use or become permanently of slight
value. Ex.
The EreMMleal Cow.
As all successful breeders realize, the
time is past when we can wholly rely
upon the pedigree as a guide In select
ing the animals whose characteristics
we wish to perpetuate in our flocks or
herds. Not that the law ot heredity Is
any less true than formerly, but be
cause we are coming to appreciate that
an animal parent Is more likely to
transmit it's own characteristics rath
er than those of some ancestors. So,
instead of studying the pedigree and
the pedigree only, the breeder of today
will study in its connection the individ
uality, the type and general conforma
tion of the animal with special refer
ence to their economy of production,
appreciating the fact that more and
more will the "cost of production" be
the standpoint from which all animals
kept for production be judged. Apply
ing this principle to dairy cattle, the
question is raised, What sort of a cow
is the most economical and therefore
the best cow? That cow is the most
profitable which will produce a pound of
butter fat the most economically, and
although it Is conceded that there is
more difference in the individuals of
the same breeds than there is in the dif
ferent breeds, that breed which con
tains the greatest proportion of most
economical cows is the best breed.
In order for a cow to produce a pound
of butter fat economically (which
should be the standard by which all
dairy cows should be judged), she must
be able to consume a large amount or
coarse fodder, which, of necessity, will
always be grown in large quan
tities by every farmer and dairy
man. All of these coarse foods
contain the same ingredients found in
tne grains and concentrated by-prod
ucts but not In the same proportion,
and for, this reason a cow is obliged to
eat 60 pqunds of corn stalks to get the
amount qf "nutriment which she would
obtain from Itew pounds of corn meal
and bran forexample Hence it fol
lows ttiat-Mran anljflal- caiLcpnsuhie
enough fbuchage whose Intrinsic val
. .ar- V
toughage
ue is a very few cents, and get from it
the same amount of digestive nutrients
that would be obtained in eight pounds
of highly concentrated food which is
intrinsically worth that many cents or
more, she will be, by far, more profita
ble than one whose limited capacity
will allow her to take but a few pounds
of roughage and the main part ot whose
ration must be highly concentrated and
expensive.
Considering the general type of the
Holsteln breed, is it too much to say
that as a breed it contains a greater
proportion of cows capable, on ac
count of their large storage capacities,
of making butter cheaper than any oth
er breed? I was very much interested
in looking over the results obtained at
the Minnesota Experiment Station from
a herd of 23 cows composed of nearly
all breeds and their grades, to find that
in a year's trial the cow that produced
the most butter was a high-grade Hoi-
stein and that the next greatest amount
was producedby a regjstered Holsteln,
the two maxing wotnu ms pouna
spectively. atn average fC per
pound of 8.06 cents and 9.06 cents. Of
course it Is unfair to draw any conclu
sions from so few figures, but they cer
tainly serve to indicate that the large,
roomy Holstein, properly handled, has
before her a future as a large and
economical butter producer. H. Hay
ward In Journal of Agriculture.
Soratty Cora anil Steer.
There Is scarcely a year that there
is not more or less smutty corn. Wc
would be pleased to have the views and
exp-Mience of feeders on this subject in
the Farmers' Review. Having fed
thousands of steers in twenty-five years
successfully, without losing a steer
is smut; we tasted it to know its
not using narcotics, or spirits,
unil it had the flavor of cornmeal.
ground. Hence we stacked the en
tire season's crop and let it sweat. We
feared spontaneous combustion, but the
wind changed daily, and cooled the
stack to the windward, and thus pre
vented spontaneous combustion.
Stacks, one rod wide at the base, two
rods long, ten feet high, setting stover
at an angle of forty-five degrees, like
a roof, built at one-half pitch. It saved
dry, sweet and clean. Last season we
fed no husked corn in the ear, with very
little hay. thus reducing cost, buying no
ear corn. The average steer's weight
was less ti:an in other years. The pro
fit equal, or nearly so, because no-ear
corn was bought They were fully mix
ture, fine, fat and fleshy.
Richard Baker, Jt
Dirt Around Trees. This is a most
pernicious practice and has resulted in
the death of many fine old specimen
trees throughout the country. Only the
other day we were asked to report on a
numjer of handsome elm trees that
were in a most unsatisfactory condi
tion, owing to the accumulation of de
composed vegetable matter that from
time to time had been placed atop of the
roots closely around the stems. It
should be borne in mind that cart,
placed on the surface above the roots,
but not so a3 to come in contact with
the stem of the tree, is rather benefi
cialjthan injurious that is, of course,
iUpe depth deposited is not too great.
Wrat causes an unhealthy condition,
probably followed by death, is the pil
ing of soil against the tree stems an
evil that no specimen can for long sur
vive. Where surplus earth must be de
posited contiguous to growing trees it
is always advisable to keep such back
from the stems to a distance of fully a
yard; but in damp retentive woodlands
the practice is not to be commended,
however carefully stem protection has
been followed out. English Timber
Trades Journal.
High-Headed Orchards. Every year
a great deal of fruit is lost by heavy
winds blowing it from the trees. This is
before it has attained full size. This is
partly due to the fact that trees are
generally headed too high, a relic of
times when the high-branched tree was
cut up until a team could walk under it
to plow and cultivate. If the orchard is
headed low there will be little growth
under its branch, which when loaded
with fruit will frequently be bent down
until they touch the earth. The fruit
on low trees is easily gathered from the
ground or with a short tcp ladder. If
there were no other reason for low
heads in trees this of ease in gathering
the fruit would be sufficient to make it
always advisable. No kind of stock
should be allowed in orchards except
pigs. Cattle and horses will cat Loth
leaves, fruit and branches as high as
they can reach, and to get the fruit out
of the way of bing eaten by stock
seems to be the reason for the high
pruning and heading of many old or
chards. AmericMCultivatcr. j
When washing anything that ba3 a i
cream tint do not rinse in blued water, j
but la clear watsr. I
from th
PROTECTS USERS OF "ROYAL"
mmkHmg Pvwtfor C fay What Its Case
Vatt tat Cmt.
The decision of Jndge Showalter in a
recent case that came np before him
sustains the claims of the Royal com
pany to the exclusive use of the same
"Royal" as a trade mark for its bakiar
powder. The special importance of
uw uccision consists m xam protccuoa
which it assures to the millions of con
sumers of Royal baking powder against
mienor and unwholesome compounas.
The excellence of this article has
caused it to be highly esteemed and
largely used almost the world over.
Its high standard of quality having'
been always maintained, consumers
have come to rely implicitly upon the
"Royal" brand as the most wholesome
and efficient of any in the market The
cupibity of other manufacturers is ex
cited by this high reputation and large
demand. Very few of the hundreds of
baking powders on the market are safe
to use. If their makers could sell them
under the name of a well known, re
putable brand incalculable damage
would be done to the public health by
the deception. The determination of
the Royal Baking Powder Company to
protect the users of the Royal baking
powder against imitators by a rigid
prosecution of them makes such imita
tions of its brand extremely rare.
A Woman Diver.
Gravesend, England, boasts a woman
diver. She first went down instead of
her husband, who was ill, some years
ago, and this she did with such success
and intrepidity that she afterwards
fulfilled many engagements jointly
with him, assisting largely ia the con
struction of a pier at a South coast
watering place. She is not a woman of
great height but of considerable phys
ique, and is not yet 4a She has made
as much as 7 in one day, and has
chiefly worked near the mouth of the
Thames. She confesses to nounusal
fatigue, and one of her boasts is that
near the Medway she brought up 7,
000 in one day.
A Slag-alar Form of Monomania.
There is a class of people, rational enough
in otlier respects, who arc certainly mono
maniacs in dosing themselves. They are
constantly trying experiments upon their
stomachs, tlielr bowels tbelr livers and
their kidneys with trashy nostrums. When
these organs are really out of order. If they
would only us.e Ilostctter's stomach Bitters,
they would, if not hoDelcsslv insane, ocr-
veiva its superiority.
veivj il
Xot Qnlte Fitttaff.
sec you have a new organist,"
said the occasional attendant
'Yes.' answered the medium, "the
otlir fellow got entirely too fresh. Wo
caTfffl up the spirit of Brigham Young
last meeting, and what do you suppose
the idiot piayed? 'Only One Girl in the
World for Mel' " Cincinnati Enquirer.
A fc'oiT.ii, Coi.n ok Soke Throat requires
iaaasUfatc attention "Brown's Bronchial
Troches'' will invariably give relief.
Tbo man who loves his neighbor as him
self will be slow abont going to law.
' rTTS AllFltsstoppedfrerbyTJr.KHae'sOrea
Aerve Kesterer. lioFltsartertbeorsttlayiiuiia,
Manelous cures. Trrati.NeanilS2tria!bottlerrert
tUcaics. bendtol)r.KUBcSlArch8U.a'tiUa.,la
(icxxl fortune does not always travel in a
carriole.
s-.tTf'ttie Baby is Cnttiae; Teetaw
5e rare ami ue that oil and well-tried remedy, Sles.
WuwLow's Sootcixo Sncr for Children Teetbins-
On the day wo have done no good we
ha e douo much evil.
1 have found Pfro's Cure for Consump
tion an unfailing medicine. F. K. Lotz,
13C3 Stott St., Covington, Ky., Oct. 1, 1S5M.
.At the present rate of increase this coun
trv will have a population of 100,000,000 in
liMO.
i Ifaala Ifan BiTmH
Warranted to care or money refunded. Ask your
a. .v. ... jw wuu.
Fill man with whisky and he ran give
ie pig- points.
rw'lCai l
and best. Itwll
U tbe olden and best. It will break up a Cold qulek.
er than, anything else. It la always reliable, fryuw
-"twi"!
man who loats is least satisfied with
his.-jny.
The revtvlac pswera r Parker's Ginger Tonic
roi:.ter It Innii ensable in every home. Mom-ica
troubles, colds and crory form of distress field tolt.
1 he devil sees to it that a grnmbler al
ways lias tonietuin:? to grumble nlout.
Oet Hladerem-aa aaa aae It
if rnti rrant to realit? the comfort of being without
com. It takes them out p.-rf icily. l'c. at druoris n.
(jMl or tad company is the greatest
hfeing' or greatest plague of life.
Fillinrd table, second-hand, for sale
cheap. Apply to or address, H.C. A kit,
:.1I S. lith St., Omaha, Nebt
wi
B Cf TS, TO BE SOU IS TO BE CZtTHV, IS HID 3
Jacobs Rheumatism, 5
ff yJL llajjscertafaswre. TOaaSf,slTjuBllCwTtt. 3
Timely Warnino;.
The groat succoss of the chocolate preparations of
the house of Walter Baker Co. (established
LJ
in 1780) has led to the placing on the market
many misleading ansVunscrupulous imitations
of their name, labels, and wrappers. Walter
Baker 4. Co. are the oldest and largest manu
facturers of pure and high-grade Cocoas and
Chocolates on this continent. No chemicals are
used in their manufactures.
fill
an 1 1 rrr lili
Consumers should ask for, and be sure that
atiaa-i t uiifr.i.
'JPtlv
llnyiaijltyi genuine
WJfttER lUKERTO CO., Limited, w- ?TfZt
ER ItYafER'& CO., Limited,
w ."
. -J-
DORCHESTER. MASS.
Stop NatairallyTMH
You Don't Have ATI
SBbv -awBBBaaBaaBBaai eaBaanaannW BBaannnnnni U
mm aVer aw M-aa tho ncnr8 19
) " jZfm BsaL xund" taferfday1!! "J:
aKl IU W GUARANTEED (If
taasSSsal tkasssffx Wet,wntton guarantee of cure I ' - I
UBBBasSB afy sample free. Address nearest office. A I
asfsssaal sjfx. the sterling remedy 3o 1
ilasSsLar CmCACQ. ' MQCTSaUL. CAW? iSwYOSK. U ."" I
CaSGaRETS
candy cathartic cure conSBru
caty, sold by druggists drratywl
PISOS CURE
CONSUMPTION
IFOR
: Cures Where All Else Fa'.te. BEST COUCH SYRUP.
THj TA-TK COOP. rSElHTPCTL SOXP BTPaCOtHSTS. 8SCT .
ir'S-TaaTSffSaa-SaBTrrrT "TTSa,iaaaasasasaBiaaTBag'irr""--J
man
"Vwicaru
Some say that the hypo
phosphites alone are sufficient
to prevent and cure consump
tion, if taken in time. With
out doubt they exert great
good in the beginning stages;
they improve the appetite, pro
mote digestion and tone up
the nervous system. But they
lack the peculiar medicinal
properties, and the fat, found
in cod-liver oil. The hypo
phosphites are valuable and
the cod-liver oil is valuable.
of Cod-liver Oil, with hypo
phosphites, contains both of
these iii the most desirable
form. The. oil is thoroughly
emulsified ; that is, partly di
gested. Sensitive stomachs
can bear an emulsion when
the raw oil cannot be retained.
As the hypophosphites, the
medicinal agents in the oil,
and the fat itself are each goo'd,
why not have the benefit of
all? This combination has
stood the test of twenty years
and has never been equalled.
5COTT5 EMULSION
ms been endorsed by the medical profession for twenty
years. (Aik your doctor. This k became it n always
fafififfr irriTT mxifjim always comtaim lb purest
NonnxMH CoJ-Jivtr OitamJ Hjpopbmpbitn.
Insist oa flCTtt'S ZaMkMmi with trade-nurlc of
MM0M
man and fish.
Put up in 50 cent and $1.00 sizes. The small su
ay be enough to cur your cough or help your baby
The Greatest flcdical Discovery
of the Age.
KENNEDY'S
MEDICAL DISCOVERY.
MMU KEMEIY, IF ROOIMY , IASS..
Hay discovered in one of our commuii
pasture weeds a remedy licit cures every
kind of Humor, from the worst Scrofula
down to a common Pimple.
He has tried it in over eleven hundred
cases, and never failed except in two cases
(both thunder humor). He has now in his
possession over two hundred icrti licit es
of its value, all within twenty miles of
Boston. Send postal card for book.
A benefit is always experienced frum
the first bottle, and a perfect cure W war
ranted when the right quantity is taken.
jjlhen the lungs are affected it causes
sfffoting pains. like needles passing
through them: the same with the Lier
or Bowels. This is caused by the ducts
being stopped, and always disappears in a
week after taking it. Read the Label.
If the stomach is foul or bilious it will
cause squeamish feelings at first.
Jfc change of diet ever necessary. Eat
Mejbest you cxi get, and enough of it
Dose, one tablespoonful in water at bed
time. Sold by all Druggists.
EKMOTOR CO. half tt orkr
iaw it aaa reduced toe cast or
what It was. K has many branch
ana supplies Its cooes and repaln
atfuardosr. It can aud dnas furnish a
Better article lor ms aiooei ibxi
others. It makes Pumping and
Geared. Steel. Oslrantasd-artcr-CDBBletioa
Windmills. Tlltlnc
aad Flxrd steel Towers, steel Boa Saw
Frames. Steel led Cutters aad Teed
Grinders. On application It win name on
of taee articles that It will famish nnt'.l
1st at 13 the usual price. H also makes
Tanks 1
or ail Hafis. send far catalogun.
watt sad rahacre Streets. Ciicat
WHY HUT YOU NY CNR?
TROPUCKKi, sell your products and write to u for
-- information how to make trig money on tho pro
ceeds In the purchase of corn on margin. Inform
tlonand hook on speculation FEEr. t. ". IUUa
., X3I USsSaSt., Okag.
AIEITS
SS t SIS T TSTOr. Sresftr
work. Write MIU, M Fifth At., Chi'-iir.-.
. N. U., OMAHA, 50, 1895.
nBfWB
writing to advertisers mention
this paper.
Walter Baker tNCo.'s goods. .
'..JBBW -rr- V-
it Ion. Pnrvlv tmI,KU ..!.
where, guaranteed to care. Onlv wr.
I firmly beliero that Fiso's
Care kept me from having
quick Consumption." Mr?.
H. D. DAKLING, Beaver gf
Meadow, N. Y., Jane 18. 18K-.
wtajjfSJirtoi.v
niatawosce.
-.1
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assssssssssssssSaajjZL - -"r. --- . -"-s HrTflataaawii i
IBPaBaaaaaaaajBhnto2&r -SU &P 'iSsS ' '-""JS-Jf
&. . - iCrr-ssaaBBBaBBaaaBaSS&SS-
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.... . t . f .. yTy.vrfin
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mux mam.