The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911, May 04, 1892, Image 4

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

    Jr-'-'.
4T
.AV
- ? -
':-V..
"""
!"- -
-
- v.-
' " --"
H - V :: -
- -
.---
M. -. - -
. -
V .
r
t r
--
5 ? -
f tnnaHEBrBw9 tLm- m tff
Taralor Gray.
Swiftly have sped the peaceful yean
Since the boys that wore the blue
Came proudly home victorious.
Old friendships to renew.
When they marched away to battle
In their youth and prime were they:
Now we notice when they cather.
That the boys are turning gray.
Some indeed whose locks are whitened.
Resting like a silver crown
On the heads of those we honor.
Though not known of great renown;
For when called to save our country.
Hero-like they marched away.
And the soldier life and prisons
Caused them sooner to turn gray.
Well they fought our rountry's battles,
And to that long, stubborn strife
They, the brave, the hero-hearted.
Gave the best years of their life
Gave them freely, self not heeding;
But now, as pass the years away.
Hardships of the past are telling
Early the boys are turning gray
Turning gray. Now past the summit
March they down the slope, meanwhile,
Every year some feet grow weary
And drop out of rank and Ille.
One by one they halt and waver.
Pause to rest upon the way.
And pass to join departed comrades
In the land of endless day.
r. His Prison Experience.
John P. Brook, Co. I, Thirth-fifth
Ohio, Ashland, Neb., enlisted in Sep
. lember, 1SG1, and served with his regi
ment until captured at Chickamauga,
Sept. 20, 1SG3, along with several hun
dred of the boys, while near Horseshoe
Ridge. They were marched to Iting
gold and then to Dalton, from whence
they took cars for Richmond and were
placed in Pemberton prison, opposite
Libby. Here they were again searched
and robbed, having twice before been
subjected to the same process on their
journey to Richmond. They searched
ven the seams of the clothing, and
kept such articles of wearing apparel as
they cared to; in some cases leaving the
boys scarcely enough to cover their
nakedness. The writer's blanket
md what little money he had
were taken. On entering the
prison the writer obtained a small
piece of board, which constituted his
bedding. Uy placing a brick under
each end of the board it made a pillow,
and in the dajT time by setting the
bricks on their ends and placing the
board on them it made quite a com
fortable scat. After six week' corfir.
ment they were taken to Danville,
where they remained five months, after
which they were taken to tliat larger
hell, Andersonville, where, during the
summer, thirteen of the sixteen of the
writer's regiment were starved to
death. In September he was removed
to another murder camp (Florence),
and was paroled on Dec 10, 1SG4, and
turned over to the United States au
thorities under a flag of truce and
taken to a steamer in Charleston har
bor. The writer is a physical wreck, a
pensioner and, as some of the enemy
-would have it, a coffee-cooler and per
jurer and a deadbeat: but he considers
the source.
Andrew Jackson a Perfect Centleman.
Judge Sage relates a good story that
Tames E. Murdoch, the veteran reader,
once told him of David Crockett, the
eccentric and big-hearted Crockett, who
it is claimed, invented the maxim,
'First be sure you are right, then go
ahead. " Murdoch was an acquaintance
of Crockett, and he tells 1nat on- one
occasion Crockett, assured him that
Gen. Jackson was the politest man he
had ever met. It was while Jackson,
was President that Crockett paid his.
respects at the White House.
"The resident was glad to see me
and we talked a long time," said Croc"c
ett, "and finally the General asked sue
if I wouldn't like to have a drink, saiy
ing that he had a fine brand that -was
the real old stuff, and of cours I
couldn't refuse the President. So lie
went and brought it out, and he didn't
pour out a drink and hand it to sae, and
hedidn'ttell me to pour one. Eedidn't
bring out any glasses at all; bat in gen
uine, good old true Texaa. style he
handed me the demijohn: and then
turned his back, and I swung it upon
my arm and began to pull at it. Such
liquor I had never tasted; and I couldn't
let go for a long time, but the Presi
dent never turned around until I said
Bob, and I tell you that is what I call
real, true, genuine politeness, and that
is wiry I say that old Gen. Jackson was
the politest man I ever knew."
"Wants 'Em Wad."
A little story is told in Brace's "Life
of General Houston," which illustrates
the familiar way in which military
orders were expressed sometimes dur
ing the civil war.
In a certain battle a Confederate
commander stood upon a hill-top
gloomily watching the Union battery
which was making havoc of his troops.
At the foot of the hill, on the other
side, was his last body of reserves; by
his side stood his aide-de-camp in shirt
sleeves. "Tom," said the General, quietly,
without turning his head, but his lips
quivering, "I want them guns want
'em bad."
The aid nodded, turned his horse,and
dashed down hill to the reserve.
"Boys," he shouted, jerking his
thumb over his shoulder toward the
bill-top, "there's a poor old gent up
there, and he says he wants the gun:-
wants 'em bad. Shall we get 'em for
him?"
The "poor old gent" got the gu's
and the victory.
Comment on Ritle Bullets.
Col. Lonsdale Hale, London, states
that the minimum thickness of ordi
nary soil affording protection is 30
inches, while single brick walls after
being struck a few tjics no longer af
ford any cover. The new orman rifle
ranges up to 4,KK) yards, and at 900
yards the bullet will penetrate 10 inches
of fir or pine and 14 inches of sand. At
450 yards the bullet can pierce three or
fonr ranks, and at 130 yards a man
aay no longer consider himself safe,
even if the bullet has already pene
trated two of his comrades. With re
gard to "'smokeless powder,"the same
authority observes that, though the re
port' of the rifles when fired is heard,
it is very difficult ctosee" whence the
rifles are fired. Under certain condi
ditions no trace of smoke can be dis
tinguished. On the whole, CoL Hale
considers that only a war can absolute
ly decide what the effect of c the im
provement in small-arms will be.
Like Idle Wind.
The Atlanta Constitution has made a
bitter attack on Gen. Palmer, commander-in-chief
of the G. A. R., con
cerning the rebel flags displayed at the
unveiling' of Grady's monument in
Atlanta. ,
When Gen. Lee surrendered to Gen.
Grant at Appomattox, the .'latter
would not accept Gen. Lee's
sword, and he included with
in that surrender a provision
that all the Rebel officers should retain
their side-arms. That courtesy of Gen.
Grant expressed exactly the feeling of
the great generous heart of the North
toward the defeated and conquered
South. Southern poets have written
ballads and Southern women have sung
of the sword of Robert Lee. This is
all as it should be. But when Gen. Lee
surrendered to Gen. Grant there was no
provision made that the flag of slavery
and secession should ever be retained,
either as a souvenir or standard. It
represented something that cost this
country a million of men and many
millions of monej', and at Appomattox
its bloody folds should have been furled
forever. War relic or no war relic, it
should never float over American soil.
All the attempted show of slushy sen
timentalism indulged in by such rabid
papers as the Constitution, spiced with
bitter spleen, will pass by such patriots
as Gen. Palmer like the idle wind which
be fears not. Cairo Advertiser.
Why Don't They
Write?
A. 11. Silsbee, Co. A. 2d Wis. ."Co. G.
Wis. f Co.
6th Wis. (Iron Brigade), Stronghurst,
111., notices that the veterans 6f the
Western army are active in. writing of
their work, which they had plenty of,
but the Army of the Potomac, with the
exception of the "Cannoneer," has very
little said about it, and what is written
is by members of the Second, Sixth,
Ninth, and Eleventh Corps. A person
reading these articles would suppose
that they did all tho work that was
done in that army. But the
writer has a distinct recollection
that there was a First Corps
which was a grand one, which was
merged into that grand old corps called
Fifth commanded by that prince of
Generals, G. K. Warren. He wonders
if the vets of these corps are afraid to
say anything, but presumes not, as
there was nothing to be ashamed of,
as the records of Antaetam, Gettys
burg, ChanceUorsville, Wilderness,
Cold Harbor, and many other fields
will show. The writer was but 18
years old when he joined the 2d Wis.
atCulpeper Courthouse in Dec. 1803,
and after the battle of Cold Harbor his
regiment was merged into the Gth Wis.,
and he was initiated into the reality of
war, and staid with the procession un
til the grand round-up April 9, 1865, at
Appomattox.
The Quaker Scoot. t
Williaai Fullerton, Co. E, 1st Minn.
Central City, Golo., writes: "As I was
in FranVin's Brigade, of Heintzel
inan" Division, at the first Bull Run
kittle, I often saw the Quaker Scout
at Alexandria, and also on the march
to Manassas with Col. Franklin. He
eon firms facts that were to me only
camp rumors in 1861; such as the man
ner taken to form the Union League
association in Alexandria, and the plan
taken to, sift out the secesh from the
Union men, etc. The latt time I saw,
the Quaker Scout he was a stout,hearty
man in appearance, (I left the Army of
the Potomac for the Western gunboat
flotilla in February of 18G2) and I am
sorry to learn that he has been a crip
ple for all these years. I hope the
United States Government grants him
a good pension, .for he was at times
worth a whole regiment to the Union
cause.
A Statue of Warren for Gettysburg.
A special meeting of the G. K. War
ren monument association was held at
No. 101 Fourth avenue, New York City,
on ITriday, Nov. 27, and Chairman Ben
jam in C. Smith announced that Sculp
tor Henry Beaver has completed the
plaster cast of Gen. Warren's statue.
According to contract, S600 of the fund
was ordered paid him. The plaster
cast was exhibited ana accepted by a
unanimous vote. The figure is eight
feet high, and represents the General
on the second day's battle at Gettys
burg standing on Round Top. He is in
full uniform, his sword sheathed, and
his right hand thrown slightly back
ward with the palm exposed. In his
left hand he holds a field-glass, which
is raised above the waist, and in such a
position as to indicate its recent use.
The head is turned slightly to the Jeft,
and the expression on his face is one of
startled anxietv and agitation.
Senator Kyle Funny.
Washington, April 2. Senator
Kyle, of South Dakota yesterday intro
duced byyequest a bill providing for
the establishment of a "composite dol
lar," to be established in the following
manner: "Designate so much of
wheat, rye, oats, corn, barley, -beans.
potatoes, coivou, weui, uuiicr, cgt,
flour, sugar, lard, pork, beef, tobacco,
salt, leather, hemp, cement, cotton
seed, brick, lead, pig iron, coal and
copper as shall be conveniently near to
a dollar's worth in the New York mar
ket, so arranging quantities that the
sum total of the value of thirt. articles
shall be $30, and that one-thirtieth of
the sum total of the articles designated
shall be termed the composite dollar of
the United States."
National Silver Committee.
Washington, April 22. The special
I meeting of the national silver commit
tee appointed by the first national
silver convention, held in St. Louis in
November, 1889, met yesterday
at the headquarters in this city, with
Congressman A. J. Warner, of
Ohio, acting as president, and Lee
Crandall as secretary. The object
of the meeting is to consider the pro
priety of calling another national silver
convention with a view to a more thor
ough organization of all who favor the
restoration of free bi-metallic coinage
in the United States, the National Ex
ecutive mmittee considering that in
vier i ' the recent action of Congress,
tLjj ency has arisen which demands
immediate action.
Lew Alternation ntost DaBceroa.
Prof. Elihu Thompson is led to con
clude after a long and elaborate ex
perimentation that ihe alternating
current's power to destroy life is in in
verse ratio to the number of alterna
tions per second. It took, for example,
twenty times as strong a current to
kill a dog when the alternations were
4,500 per second as when they were
120 per second. When the alternations
were 300 per second, the current was
only half as dangerous to life as when
i Alternations were 120.
Tanner Sneeeena Dastla.
Washington, April 22. John R
Tanner, got the nomination for State
treasurer of Illinois. Tha President
has sent his name to the Senate for
the United States Sub-Treasurership at
Chicago, in place of Gen. Dustin de
ceased. The appointment created a
good deal of surprise among Ulinois
politicians here, as the general under
standing seemed to be that Sam Ray
mond of Chicago had been slated for
the place. There are rumors that Mr.
Traner may decline the position and
netlre la raver of a?.
NEWS IN BRIEF.
Herr Fushnagel has sued Prince Bis
march for libel.
Queen Victoria is anxious about the
healtn of the Prince of Wales.
Cold weather in Southern Indiana
has not destroyed the peach crop.
Work is to be resumed in the Huron
copper mine at Hancock, Mich., May 1.
Italy has resolved to give up all of
its African colonies, with the exception
of Massowah. .
The compositors on the Tageblatt,
Abendpost, Ruuyschau and Freio
Preabe at Chicago are on a strike.
Colonel Edwin R. Goodrich, who
served on Burnside's staff through the
war, died in Boston.
The volume of business in iron is
greater in all lines than last year.
The outlook is said to be good.
W. E. Bohart, a St Paul agent of D.
F. Swift & Co., has become a defaulter
and has disappeared.
One man was killed as the result of
the California earthquake. The dam
age to property is placed at S100.003.
Lady Henry Somerset in a recent
speech ut Liverpool spoke highly of the
of the temperance movement in the
United States.
E.D. Holton, one of Milwaukee's
pioneers, die., on his way north from
De Fnniak Springs, Fla., aged 77
years.
A permit has been issued to organize
the Havtslmt-g Slate bank, at Harts
burg, HI., with a capital stock of
$25,000.
Hereafter the Union Trust company
of New York will piy but 1 per cent a
year on deposits, instead of 214 per
year.
In an article in the Washington Star
it is announced'lhat a powerful opposi
tion against Harrison's candidacy has
been elected.
Justin McCarthy and Dillon have
cabled !)r. Etuinei., president of the
National Federation of America deny
ing u liiviMou in the Irish purtj-. t
Henry Stine, a member cf Msidiinii's
and Blacksmiths' Union No. 3. Chi
cago, was killed on the raihoad tracks
at Hamilton, Ohio.
Tobacco monopolists, who w re
granted a Persian franchise, which ilia
Shah has just revoked, met in London
to close up the affairs of the company.
Henry Brceman of Richmond, Ind.,
63 years old, fell under the wliecl.s of
an electric car in Cincinnati and both
legs were cut off. he will die.
Gray men have scored a point in the
Indiana Democratic convention by
having the iiidon. .ment of Senator
Turpie for re-election stricken from a
resolution.
The Philadelphia and Heading Coal
and Iron company has purchased the
real estate and plant of the Silver Creek
and Morris Coal and Iron company for
1500,000.
Secretary Adams of the IU'nois
Grand Lodge of Oddfellows sold the
Oddfellows' Herald of Bloomiugtou.
It is said that he will retire from the
secretaryship.
Maud Desmore,daughter of a wealthy
coal dealer of Dayton, Ohio, who disap
peared from her home two month's
ago, has been found in Springlield,
Ohio.
It is not believed by the Rothschild's
that Herr Jaeger, the defaulting
cashier, has committed suicide and a
reward of 1,000 murks has been offered
for his arrest.
France in sending an Ambassador to
the Quirinal and one to the Vatican at
the same time.had as the object an ar
rangement to prevent future troubles
at the pilgrimages.
John Crawford and Nat Aldrich, of
Ozark county. Mo., quarreled, and the
latter was killed by Crawford. The
dead man's son avenged his death by
shooting Crawford. Young Aldrich
and his two brothers were arrested.
Constable William Neese of La
Grange. Texas, Thursday shot and
killed August Mischer and fatally
wounded his brother. Fritz Mischer.
He also wounded a third brother in
the arm. The Mischers attacked the
constable and tried to kill him.
The Association of Military burgeons
of the National Guard of the United
States, convened at St. Louis, Mo.
Twenty-eight horses were burned to
death in D. W. Cuthbertson's barn near
Glidden, Iowa.
Fire destroyed twenty-one horses in
Fuller's livery stable in David City,
Neb. The loss was $20,000.
Edward Ryer, who with several com
panions escaped from the Aledo, Iowa,
jail nine months ago, has been arrested
in Burlington.
The hardware firm of Van Schaack
&. Bellows of Galesburg failed with es
timated assets of $10,000 and liabilities
of 28,000.
Antlers, I. T., was visited by a severe
hailstorm. The coach windows and
doors of a "Frisco" train were smashed
by the hail stones, some being as large
as eggm. "5
Inspection of beef and mutton for
export was instituted at the Sioux
Citj' packing houses by the National
Department of Agriculture. Pork in
spection will not bciii for several
weeks.
Called lluasey a Scoundrel.
Washington, April J2 Gen. Dtin
gau, whose reinstatement in the pen
sion office Assistant Secretary Bu.ssey
was instrumental in defeating, ap
peared before the pension investiga
ting committee yesterday and charged
that Gen. Bussey had speculated in
cotton n Louisiana, settled with his
creditors at 15 and 20 cents on the dol
lar and had pocketed the balance of
the money, and he should be wearing
convict's stripes at Baton Rouge and
850,000 would be no inducement for
him to go back to Louisiana. "He is an
infernal scoundrel," concluded Col.
T)nncrn.
Indians Will Be Cleveland.
iNDlANAi'OLis.Ind., April 22. Indiana
will cast its vote for Cleveland. This
has been agreed upon by both the Gray
and Cleveland factions, and what yes
terday was guesswork and doubt is
now decision. The platform arraigns
the Harrison administration, favors
the Cleveland tariff policy, and on
State issues indorses 'the new .cash
value tax law as the only method yet
devised for adequately taxing the cor
porations of the State, and denounces
the corporations and monopolies fight
ing it in the courts. The fee and
salary law is also indorsed. There .will
be no free silver plank. '
Michigan's Grand Army Officers.
Ann Arbor, Mich., April 22. The
second day of the encampment of
Michigan Department G. A. R. proved
a great success, the attendance of old
soldiers being doubled and a large
crowd of visitors being in the city.
The parade in the afternoon numbered
about 1,000 men in line. The two can
didates for Department Commander
were Col. H. S. Dean of Ana Arbor and
Col. J. H. Kidd of Ionia. CoL Dean
was elected, much to the surprise of
all. as Kidd was supposed to have cap
tured the encampments Gen. Alger'a
war record waa indorsed.
There are 18 000 women journalists
in London. Their earnings average
about S3 a Ni
PENNSYLVANIA REPUBLICANS
Indorse Harrison and Cheer Ulnlat
-The
rintform.
Habrisburg. Pa., April 23. The Re
publican State convention met at 10:20
yesterday. There wtrj no con
tested seats, but the fight for places on
the ticket has been hot Active can
vassing was kept up long after mid
night and the candidates were out
again before 7 o'clock in the morning
shaking hands with all comers.
The convention was called to order
by Chairman Watres, of the State
committee. Secretary Frank Willing
Leach read the call for the convention
and then the roll of delegates. At the
conclusion of the roll call James L.
Mills of Philadelphia nominated .lames
W. Latta of Phildelphia for temporary
chairman. Gen. Latta was received
with applause when he mounted the
platform.
The platform congratulates the Re
publicans of Rhode Island 6n their re
cent victory and eulogizes the party for
its record in the pxst, which it declares
has ever been consistent. It indorses
the administration and claims an es
pecial right to pride in the services of
James G. Blaine, a son of Pennsylvania.
I The silver plank is as follows.
' We approve the general policy ol ihtj last Re
pull. can Congress in dealing with the silver
question. We are oproscd to the free coluaga
ol silver, but favor the purchase or American
i silver ut its market value, and the issue by the
government of Treasury notes in payment
thereof. That the course of the Kepuulican
party upon this juestlon has hitherto been v. ise
and liberal is proven by the fact that to-day
there is no scarcity of money in our country for
i the transaction of lejcitim Jte business or the
payment of wages, ami by the further fact that
a silver dollar or a paper dollar is the equiva
lent in value of a gold dollar in the purtliase of
the necessaries of life.
I Other resolutions urge the passage of
! stringent immigration laws, demand a
J free ballot and a fair count, favor lib
j eral pensions and commend the con
! struction of a ship canal between Lake
, Erie and the great river system of the
Ohio and Mississippi valleys.
I The names of liarri-.ou and Blaine
' were loudly appiui:doil as the platform
was read. A niotu.u was ui.ule that
the platform be adopted, but before the
question could be put D..I). Phillips of
Schuylkill got the Uonr and offered a
resolution indorsing Senator Quay.
The resolution was received with pro
longed cheers and calls for Quay. Some
opposition was manifested to iis pas
sage and finally the following suiisti
tute was pushed: "The eminent public
j and party services of Aiathcw Stanley
Quay entitle him to the than!;- ami
gratitude of the Uepub ie.ms of Penn
sylvania. '
AFTER FIVE TRIALS.
The Verdict lleiidrcfl ! :i Wisconsin
Damage i It.
Osni:osir, Wis., Apri 5 A verdict
has at last been rendered :n the Stacy
and Towle case, judgment being or
dered for the defendant, the M twau
k e. Lake Shore & Western Railroad
company. This was the fifth trial,
every other jury having disagreed.
Stacy and Towle sued the railroad
company for lots caused by the destruc
tion of their sawmill plant in the great
fire of 1SJ7, which, it was claimed, was
caused by sparks from one of the com
pany's locon '!''
For C'lt-icliwxl ii.:l rainier.
Quincv, 111., April i 5 The Adams
County Democratic convention met in
this city yesterday and instructed for
Cleveland for President, with Palmer
as second choice. No instructions were
given as to the State offices, and both
Altgeld and Black have friends on the
delegation.
Carthage, 111., April 2 5. The Dem
ocrats of Hancock county met in dele
gate convention 3'esterday. Resolu
tions were p::s.-.cd condemning Harri
son's administration and indorsing
Cleveland's. Senator John M. Palmer
was named as firstchoice for President,
with Cleveland second.
Dr. rutIrr Arraigned.
Chicago, April 25. Dr. Henry M
Scudder was arraigned before Judge
Hutchinson in the criminal court yes
terday for the murder of Mrs. Frank
M. Dunton. When Judge Hutchinson
asked Dr. Scudder if lie was guilty he
refused to plead either waj. on the ad
vice of his attorney. This was for the
purpose of allowing a motion to quash
the indictment, which was at once
made by Attorney Ilynes. No argu
ment was heard aud no day has yet
been fixed for the argument. The mo
tion was neither granted nor deuied. A
day will be set for hearing arguments.
Imliratloiiii I'olnt
Cuown Point, Mich
ft
n Muntor.
April 22. The
bod of an unknown young womon
was found on the shore here near the
Groste Point water works yesterday
and iudications point to murder. On
the girl's left temple was a mark
which looked as though she had been
struck with some heavy, blunt instru
ment. Official ICcsiitt In LuuUlana.
New Orleans, La., April 25. The
counting of the votes polled in this city
at the general election, held last Tues
day, has been completed :nd is as fol
lows: For Governor, MeEnerj 18,701;
Foster, 11,700: Leonard, G,G70; Breaux,
2,710; Tannehill, 74. In the Legisla
ture the Republicans will doubtless
hold the balance of power as between
the Democratic factious.
. .
Gen. Grant's Tomb.
Washington. April 25. The Presi
dent will leave here next Tuesday
evening for New York to lay the corner-stone
of Gen. Grant's tomb at Riv
erside Park on the 27th inst. He will
le accompanied by Secretaries Elkins,
Tracy and Rusk and other officials
Secretary Elkins will deliver an ad
dress. Talking of Dcpeir Tor President
r3Etv York, April 25. There are in
dications mat some of C'hauncey M.
Lepew's political friends are not averse
to again entering him in the race for
the Presidential nomination as New
York's favorite son. There are several
well-unown BulFalo Republicans in this
city at present, and they talk Denew
iu preference to Harrison verv freelv.
frotestlne Grand Army Men.
Washington, April 25 Representa
tive Bryan asked the House Committee
on Appropriations to grant a hearing
to a 'committee of the Grand Army
posts of Nebraska in opposition to7the
appropriation of $100,000 for the en
tertainment of members of the Grand
Army at the encampment at Washing
ton. The hearing will be accorded.
A Flat Sky.
The apparent flattening of the vault
of the heavens has been found to have
an annual period, nnd to depend on
clouds. It seems least flat with a misty
horizon, and less by night than by
A Novel Device.
An English inventor has constructed
a novel device to do away with'the
enormous pressure of water against
the bows of ocean steamers. It con
sists of one or more -screws on each
side of the bow, which throws the
water aside and creates a dry , well ;i
front of the vessel.
9r? ' feJBg-
1 Iades: jM
Iove.
Bright are the jewels of the mine.
And rich their radiant gleam.
When wrought in many a quaint device.
They flash thrir nery stream.
A thousand charms are in their hearts
Our senses to enthrall.
With pold and silver they are bought.
But love is worth them all!
Sweet are the blossoms we behold
In summer's glorious prime.
The dear companions that enhance
The joys of summer time:
In wondrous beauty they appear.
In sadder beauty fall:
Our darlings for a few brief hours.
nut love outlasts them all!
R' vnr-l tip present, treasures lie.
Am' flowers perfume the way:
'i hi-) r-locms of an ancient house,
Vi'luwi' glories ne'er decay.
A whit'RT from the promised land,
lnsp;rcs the earnest soul:
"Eternity is thy reward.
And love shall win the goal!"
Little Girls' Gingham Gowns.
In small plaids, and checks forming
plaids, these neat fabrics appear in
blue, pink and tan shades, cross-barred
with red, yellow and such bright con
trasts. They are undoubtedly very
pretty when made up on the bias; but
when so cut they will pull askew when
straightened out for ironing, writes
Emma M. Hooper in her department of
"Home Dressmaking. All of the skirts
are gathered, two breadths answer
ing for the tiniest tots, and three
being in the skirt of a girl
of 5 years. The low-neck waist
worn over a guimpe bus a frill of
gingham or embroidery, and if made
high-necked, the frill may stimulate a
bertha. Coat sleeves, full at the top,
have an edging or turn-over cuff of em
broidery, while with white sleeves at
tached to the guimpe the dress sleeves
are tiny puffs. If a belt is worn have
it of insertion, though many of the
gathered skirts are sewed to the round
waist, which buttons in the back, and
has only uuder-nrm and shoulder
seams. Over a guimpe of tucked nain
sook the low waist is perfectly plain,
or gathered, top and bot
tom. A little vest of embroid
ery is sometimes seen, also bretelle
frills of gingham, or edging from the
waist line in front, over the shoulders,
to the waist at the back. High waists
are trimmed with narrow vests, a
square of tucked nainsook, jacket fronts
finished with edging, and opening over
a flat front of embroidery, or a plaited
one of the gingham. Other waists arc
full from the shoulders and crossed at
the waist line in surplice fashion over
a V of embroidery. Girdle pieces, form
ing a point in front, are sewed in the
side seams, and tucked fronts also ap
pear. The collar is of narrow edging
turned'over. White or ecrn Irish point
lace trims some elaborate cotton frocks,
as a yoke, cuffs and girdle.
Eugene I'leiI' Dreaui.
No one realizes better than Eugene
Field himself what Mrs. Field has had
to endure by reason of his peculiarities,
and he illustrates this by narrating a
dream he claims to have had, writes
John Ballantyne in a delightfully gos
sipy sketch of Mrs. Eugene Field. "I
thought," he says, "that I had died
and gone to heaven. I had some diffi
culty in getting past St. Peter, who ex
amined my record closclj and regarded
me with doubt and suspicion, but
finally permitted me to enter the
pearly gates. As I walked up the
street of the heavenly city I saw a ven
erable old man, with long gray hair and
flowing beard. His benignant face en
couraged me to address him. 'I have
just arrived and I am entirely unac
quainted,' I said. 'May L ask your
name?"
" 'Oh yes,' he replied. 'I'm Job.'
" 'Indeed,' I exclaimed, 'are you that
Job whom we were taught to revere as
the most patient man in the world?'
" Yes,' he said with a show of hesita
tion, 'yes, I did have quite a reputation
for patience once, but I hear that there
is a woman now on earth who has suf
fered more than I ever did and has en
dured it with greater resignation.'
" 'Why.' said I, 'that is curious. I am
just from earth and I do not remember
to have heard of her case. What is her
name.'
" 'Mrs. Eugene Field,' was the re
ply. "Just then 1 awoke."
Ileeclier'n Only Fear.
Not many months before Dr. Lyman
Beecher s death he came to dine with
us. In both words and acts his mental
failure was more apparent than I had
ever seen it, and I saw that Henry was
deeply grieved hy it, writes Mrs.
JJeecher. After dinner I walked home
with his father. When I returned Mr.
Beecher was lying on the sofa looking
very sad. I knelt by his side inquiring
for the reason.
"I have been thinking'of father and
praying that if God should see best to
bring me so low He would give me
strength to bear it. I can think of no
other cross He tuaj' lay upon me that I
.could say from my heart ' Thy will be
done.' But this I could not! I could
not!" and rising he. went to his study.
When some hours after he
returned, his face was like
that of an angel, and I knew
he had conquered so far as to be will
ing to trust all to his Master. But
after that I saw he grew more watch
ful of himself and more inclined to
feel that his labors were less satisfac
tory. I once told him that I should
surely see any such change as he feared
before any one else, and the moment I
did I should be as unwilling as he pos
sibly could be to have him enter the
pulpit again. Smiling, he replied:
"How do jou know but you may fail
before I do, and therefore be unable to
judge?"
Children Need Chance.
Mrs. Gladstone, wife of the Bristish
statesman, in the first of her valuable
articles, "The Hints From .Mother's
Life," says: "Children are the better
for frequent changes of room; they
have to spend most of their time in the
house; they require short intervals
between their meals, with quick tran
sitions from play to rest. The meals
should be taken where there is no lit
ter of toys; a quiet room is needed
both for work and sleep. Home life to
the younger members of a family and
to the gentler sex means that by far
the largest part of every day must be
spent indoors, and half of it at least
for the very young in the bed-room.
No attempt should ever be made to rear
children in a single room. More dan
ger lies in this than many mothers im
agine. The necessity of providing a
forfsupply of jure and fresh air ia
youth, when change and growth are
most active, is obvious."
.Datarjr Easier Cards.
In painting lilies in water colqrs on
paper or any white fabric, leave the'
high lights untouched, and aim for
great transparency and purity of tint.
The colors to be used correspond al
most exactly to those suggested for the
oils, except that the white pigment is
omitted from the mixture, advises
Maude Haywood. Dainty Easter cards
may be rapidly executed in a very
decorative manner by employing the
metallic gold sold for use with water
colors. The design is first sketched in
pencil and tinted delicately in washes.
The outline and markings of the
wliole, including the stamens of the
flowers and the veining of the leaves,
are then put in with the gold, with
which also some appropriate inscrip
tion or greeting may be written. The
rough water color cards sold by most
dealers in artists' materials are both
inexpensive and suitable for treatment
in this waj'.
The Care of Cut Flowers.
When you receive flowers from a
florist and do not wish to use them at
once, if they appear fresh, and their
petals "brittle," leave them in the box
and put in a. cool place, as in the ice
chest, a cool spot in the cellar, or out
of doors, advises H. H. Battles in an
interesting article on "Flowers in Our
Homes," in the Ladies' Home Journal.
Do not make the mistake, how
ever, of putting them out of doors
unprotected from the wind and frost;
either will shorten their lives. Should
they get touched by frost, immerse
them iu cold water for several minutes.
If they have not been too severely af
fected they will revive under this treat
ment. Sometimes perfectly fresh
flowers will droop their heads when
placed in a warm room. This is often
Aused by the stems being too long.
By cutting them off a little and treat
ing as suggested above they wiU soon
revive.
Fanny Keiable at Klghty-two.
The famous actress still breathes the
breath of liie.but the divine afflatus has
departed. She is still vital in the flesh,
but the spirit, the bright and vivacious
spirit of old, has vanished into the
world of shadows. One comes to this
sorrowful conclusion with the utmost
reluctance, but it is one that cannok
honestly be avoided, writes Fredericwl
Dolman. She now never writes a letter
with her own hands, except to her
daughter in. Philadelphia: when it is
guided by Mrs. Leigh. The letters
which duty requires or inclination sug
gests are written by her maid, and of
literary work there is none. Music is
no longer enjoyed except as a listener,
while reading- is limited to the bible
and a few religious books. Sometimes
she will take the air in a brougham;
less frequently she is induced to take a
seat in the pretty pony carriage while
Mrs. Leigh drives with masculine skill.
The Right Kind of a Girl.
Let a girl be ever so graceful in the
dance, let her be ever so elegant of
walk across a drawing-room, ever so
bright in conversation, she must possess
some other qualities to convince the
great average run of ycung men that
she can be the manager of his home,
the pilot that steers his ship of state.
Frugality, womanly instincts of love
for home, an eye to the best interests
of her husband and the careful train
ing of her children, these are the
traits which make the good wife of to
day, and which young men look for in
the girls they meet. Men may some
times give the impression that they do
not care for common sense in their
sweethearts, but there is nothing they
so uniainngiy demand 01 their wives.
Grace Greenwood's First Journey.
My first journey into the great world
beyond our hills waby the Erie canal,
writes Grace Greenwood. There were
then no railroads in our part of the
country, but a trip on thattw wondrous
watery highway by a fast packet, the
horses always on the trot, was, I can
tell you, something bewildering and
exhilarating in its rapidity, novelty
and variety, The "lock passages" were
thrilling episodes. We were only five
days in going from Syracuse to Buffalo!
It reminded me of the "magic carpet"
journeys in the "Arabian Nights."
Meretricious Literature.
Much has been said about the debas
ing effect of meretricious literature
upon the public mind; but there has
been a neglect of the consideration that
writers themselves suffer as much in
this respect as their readers. The pub
lic may be trusted to take eare of itself;
but who can estimate the reactionary
influence of a cheap thought, cheaply
expressed, upon the author's self, and
upon the immediate circle which sur
rounds aad strives to imitate?
A New York Sentiment.
Mr. Biddlebiddleof Philadelphia had
asked the haughty Miss Knickerbocker
of New York to be his wife. "Nicho
las," she said in low. tremulous tones,
"I shall consent upon one condition"
"And that is?" he asked with the light
of acquiescence in his dark blue eyes.
"That after we are married we live in
New York." Nicholas recoiled as if
struck with a sledge. "Why not Phila
delphia?" he gasped. The girl saw
that he was striving with his emotions
and she pitied him. "Because, Nicho
las," she said very gently, "I cannot,
cannot live in the country." Detroit
Free Press.
Sarrlfce.
It is a common custom in Armenia to
sacrifice animals in the accomplish
ment of vows. Thus, a patron saint
is supplicated to intercede with the Al
mighty that certain sick be restored
to health, that a journey be successful
ly made, that an enterprise be brought
to a profitable termination in fact,
for any. temporal advantage and a
cock, a ram, a bull the animal must
be a male is led near to the shrine,
consecrated salt is put into its mouth,
and it is then slain, and the carcass
distributed amongst the poor. '
Fate of the Fat Missionary.
Rev. Mr. Stubbs (to cannibal) Did
1 unaerstana you to say that my pre
decessor had gone inland?
Cannibal No, sir, you did not. Ex
cuse my contradicting you.
Mr. Stubbs I am sure I un derstood
it that way.
Cannibal I beg your pardon, sir, I
said he had gone into the interior.
Yankee Blade.
Would Begin To-Morrow,
"Johnny, dear," said Mrs. Cumso to
her son, "I don't like the way you have
of baying 'yep' instead of 'yes. Now
tell me, won't you honestly try to break
yourself of it?"
"Yep," replied Johnny with deep sin
cerity. Judge.
"Will Net Redace the Charges.
Welldtotok, V. Z., April 23. The
American government has refused to
reduce tha transportation charges on
New Zealand mail via San Francisco
on the ground that it already faja out
thMUnrWUfc. "'
BRUIN AND THE BUTCHER.
A Case la Wkfea. a Bear riaved Detective
aad Priam Also.
An organ-grinder who was traveling
through.the west of England, accom
panied by a tame brown bear, which
he had trained to dance, stopped at a
farmer's house late one afternoon, and
after greatly amusing the family by
his performance for his organ was a
fine one and the bear very docile and
intelligent he had no difficulty in ob
taining permission to stay all night.
He himself was given a bed in the
boys' room, but his furry companion
had to be content with a snug corner
in the barn.
A little after midnight there came
such alarming noises from the barnj
which was only a few paces away, as
to awaken everybody in the houmJ
Frantic shrieks of '-Help! Help! Mur
der!!!" and sounds as of a strong man
struggling desperately for dear life,
issued out upon the still night air.
Hurriedly drawing on some clothes,
the -farmer snatched up a lantern, and.
followed bv the organ grinder, hast
ened to the barn. On the doors being
thrown open, the rays of the lantern
revealed a large man engaged in a
furious wrestling match with the bear,
from whose mighty, embrace he was
vainly endeavoring tb escape. As the
bear was muzzled and had no claws to
speak of, his victim stood in no danger
of serious injury. But his position was
alarming enough, notwithstanding,
and he implored the farmer to come to
his rescue. 5 ?j
Divining,however,'that this midnight'
visitor's mission was a dishonest one,
says'JIarper's Young People, for which
he deserved to be well punished, the
organ grinder called out to his pet:
"Hug him, Jack! hug him!" and the
bear, evidently enjoying tlie sport.con
tinued to squeeze the man unmercifully
until the farmer, thinking the rogue
had suffered sufficiently, got the bear's
owner to command his release.
It turned out that Bruin's captive
was a rascally butcher who had come
to steal a fine calf. In the darkness he
stumbled over the bear, and was at
once made prisoner. The farmer was
so delighted at the animal's conduct
that iu the morning he feasted him
upon the best in the larder and gave
his master a sovereign as he was leaving.
MUSICAL KITES.
How
Floating .Xollan Harps Are Con
structed in Central Asia.
In Central Asia they have musical
kites. They delight the ear by the
emission of soft melodious niurmur
ings at the same time that they please
the eye with their graceful, bird-like
motions.
Each kite is so constructed as to pro
duce the effect of a floating iEolian
harp, and thus the flight and the,
sound of winged warblers are both!
imitated in the winged plaything.
Each kite is a square formed upon two
diagonals of light wood whose extremi
ties are connected with a tight string,
forming the sides of the square. Over
the whole paper is pasted.
A loose string upon the upright di
agonal receives the string by which
the kite is to be held, and the tail is
fastened to its lower extremity. The
transverse diagonal, or cross-stick, is
then bent back like a strong bow, and
fastened by a thread of catgut.
Of course, every breeze that passes
the kite vibrates this tight cord, and
the vibrations are communicated to the
highly sonorous frame of the kite.
And as numbers of these kites are left
floating in the air all night, the effect
is that of atrial music, monotonous but
full of melancholy interest.
Treasures of the Shah.
The people of Persia may be poor
and starving, but their ruler, the shah,
appears to be pretty well fixed. Mrs.
Bishop, the authoress, recently visited
Persia, and was graciously permitted
to look into his treasure-house. She
writes that the floor is of fine tiles of
exquisite coloring, arranged as mosaic.
A table is overlaid with beaten gold
and chairs in rows are treated in the
same fashion. Glass cases around the
room and on costly tables contain
the fabulous treasures of the shah and
many of the crown jewels.
She thinks it possible that the accu
mulated splendors of pearls, diamonds,
rubies, emeralds, sapphires, basins and
vessels of solid gold, ancient armor
flashing with precious stones, shields
studded with diamonds and rubies,
scabbards and sword-hilts incrusted
with costly gems, helmets red with
rubies, golden trays and vessels thick
with diamonds, crowns of jewels.
chains, ornaments, (masculine solely)
of every description, jeweled coats of
mail dating back to the reign of Shah
Ismael, exquisite enamel of great an
tiquity, all in a profusion not to be de
scribed have no counterpart on earth.
Jewelers' Review.
How They Do a Washing; In Glasgow.
Hardly less useful in the cause of
public cleanliness and decency are the
wash-houses. For the trifling sum of
2d. an hour a woman is allowed the
use of a stall containing an improved
steam-boiling arrangement and fixed
tubs with hot and cold water faucets.
The washing being quickly done, the
clothes are deposited for two or three
minutes in one of a row of centrifugal
machine driers, after which they are
hung on one of a seiies of sliding
frames which retreat into a hot air
apartment. If she wishes, the house
wife may then use a large roller man
gle, operated like all the rest of the
machinery, by steam pever; and she
may at the end of an hour go home
with her basket of clothes, dried, and
ironed. To appreciate the convenience
of all this, it must be remembered that
the woman probably lives with her
family in one small room of an upper
tenement flat. Albert Shaw.
Recruiting Beggars.
There is a perfectly organized syndi
cate in Paris which busies itself in re
cruiting from every part of France.and
especially from the poor quarters of
the capital, beggars of both sexes, who
are sent to the large cities of America,
where mendicants are supposed not to
be numerous. The beggars thus en
rolled receive a good sum of money
when they leave France, pay their pas
sage over themselves, and in this way
deceive the authorities iu New York.
Many French beggars ar told to dress
up as deserters from the Belgian army.
No one knows why this peculiar order
is given. The beggars have to give 25
francs a day to the syndicate in return
for their outfit.
The Gobi Desert.
In that enormous waste known as
the Gobi Desert, north of China.
showers sometimes fall during the
summer, and the torrents of a day fill
the dned-up water courses through
which water seldom runs. It is in
these channels that the Mongols di:r
their wells, expecting to find a little
water, when upon the surface of the
plateau itself the soil has lost all
traces of humidity. It is owing to the
fact that a part of the moisture falling
during a few rainy days is thus pre
served within reach that it is possible
for" raiirm to crow the desert.
Bis; Corner la Cera.
Chicago, April i2. Last week it wae
wheat, in the skiliful hands of "Ed"
Pardridge, that caused the excitement
on the board of trade. To-day interest
centered about the corn pit. It is claimed
that the Cudahys possess the great
bulk of May corn and are trying to
squeeze the shorts. John Cudahy em
phatically denies the report, but thex
opening of the market to-day showed
there was considerable nervousness
among the alleged victims, and the .be
lief in the corner is very general.
e Uhicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul
BytStho only line running solid vest-
ibled, electric lighted una steam heated
trains between the Missouri ri .r and
Chicago, consisting of new palace sleep
ing cars, elegant free reclining chair
cars, luxurious coaches and the finest
dining earn in tht world. The berth
reading lamp in its pulaco sleeping cars,
is patented and cannot bo used by any.
other railway company. It is tlje great
improvement of the age. Try it and bo
convinced. Close connection in union
depot at Omaha with all trains to and
from the west. For further particulars'
apply to your ticket agent, or
F. A. Nash, Gen'l Agt. '
W.S. Howell,
Traveling Fr't. and Pass. Agt.,
20jantf 1501 Farnam St., Omaha, Neb. .
'he wisdom of him who journeyeth, is-
krasrn by the lino ho selects: tha iudirl
nent of tho man who takes tho Bur-.
litigton Kouto to tho cities of tho
east,
the south anil the west, is
never ltn-
peached. The inference is plain. Mag
nificent Pullman sleepers, elegant reA
cliniug chair cars and world-famous
dining cars, on all through trains. For
information address the agent of tho
company at this place, or write to .f..
Francis, general passenger and. ticket
iigent, Omaha. 52-12
FAMILY : JOUKNAL.
A Weekly Newspaper issued every
Wednesday.
82 Columns of reading matter, con
sisting of Nebraska State News
Kerns, Selected Stories and
Miscellany. '.
STSiiuijjle copies sent free ti uy aiMrtd.-,iES
Subscription price,
a ytir. in MvMce.
Address:
M. K. Tuiinek k Co.,
Columbus,
Platte Co., Nebr.
NEW DEPARTURE.
TUB Bee Born of Claims,
Associated with
The Ban Francisco Examiner,
For the States of Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, anil
Sonth Dakota for the Collection of all
legitimate claims before tho various
Departments of the
Government.
Under tho annpice of The Beo Publishing Co.,
Omaha, Nebraska, and the San
Francisco Examiner.
Oth'ces: Omaha. San Francisco. Washington.
EDWAKD P. ROGOEN. Manage.
Room 600, Bee Building, Ouinhti, Nob.
Will practice ia the Supreme Court of the.
United States, the Court of Claims, the several
Courts of the District of Columbiu, bpfor Com
mittees of Congress, and the Executive Depart
ments. Indian Depredation Claims. We obtain Pen
sions and Patents. All Classen of Laial Claims.
Mining, Pre-emption nnd IIomeMeud Cases.
Prosecuted before the General Laud Office, De
partment of the Interior, and the Supremo
Court.
PENSIONS.- Thousand jet entitled. Write
for information.
HEIRS. Widows, MinorChildren. Dependent
Mothers, Fathers, and Minor Dependent
Brothers and Sisters entitled.
INCREASE. Pension Laws are now more
liberal than formerly, and many are entitled to
better rates. Apply at once for Liht of Ques
tions to determine right to higher rates.
Claimants to feenre the servicea of this Bureau
mnst become, as a condition precedent, a new
subscriber to The Weekly Bee. Thoso who are
now subt-criberu can become members of the.
Bureau by sending in a new subscriber. Thii
will entitle the new subscriber as well as the oldt
to a membership.
We have themuiies of over two hundred thous
and ex-soldiers and sailors residing in Nebraska.
Iowa, Kansas and South Dakota.
Correspondence Solicited. Information Free
We charge no fee, only in tho event of success.
Send for our Prospectus.
The America!
(Established In 1819.)
The Oldest Agricultural Paper
in America.
Office : 1729 New York Ave., waiuagton, D. 0.
Office Southern Edition: 228 E. Baltimore St.,
Baltimore. Md.
The veteran Amkiucmx Faimu.k. which Is thosenlof
by many years of all th? agrtctilfjntl papers Jn the
country, having been published In Itnltlmore for nearly
threi-Hiuarten or a century, ami always maintained a
hlsli diameter. has passed Into new howls, who have
removed the liutln office to Washington. I. C. Tha
ottlceuf Hie Southern Edition will still be retained st
Baltimore. Mil.
GRKATL.Y KNXAKGED AXI IMI'ROVED.
Thenew nronrieton liave rrrfillv-tilnrm.l r,.t i
proved the journal. It now has K larce pws. with a
li:uilsomelrviiilieIIbihel cover. It lsprlntediii thehest
Myle.on lin- hook paper, with m( nhuiiduniv of UIu
tr.itlmn hy the best artists. It alms to be the largest
and liani.viiiiet farmer periodical In the country, aud
i vtu r fiirri iu lmrA Mpli-rliist rrmjin'j mittlcr
THK VERY BEST AGRICWLTURAI.
TAAENT
in the Cnltml States lia been secured to write Ibr U.
IHfiaItst In all branches t firmins. who arc ac
knowledged to stind at the very head of their rcsipevt
tve branches of KimiwNMi.'C, have been eiiiped U con
duct the urioui Ce;-arnncnts of the Journal, and
ev-rytli:ii that appe.ri in its kuk ran tx conlldcntly
relli-d on to lie the W-t rnd latest know lcd; aud
lr:ii!on on the nubJecL Tho dencc of agriculture Is
makinsntridi-i In iLiteveloiiiieiit.andTiie Auebion
akm:k'.s object will be tt.Wi.-r.lt realtors fiillvnbrrast
or the latest developments, and make them the best In
formed and ctinAeiiiieiilly thi most aiiLCmdul furniTi
111 the country. No man run hoi tojft the most from
his Helds and flock without. UiW knowledge. and the
knowledge anil l:li:: he will ct from Tn K akkhic
r AioiKR will make Its suiiscriptliMi )rW-n most profit
able Investment for hiin. All tl.K information will be
plain, practical, and couched In cvcrjril.iv laujcuage.
FOK THE FAIUlKlfS KAMI J, Y
thcre Is a Literary Departim-iit. mail up or excellent
short stories and interesting mbcella:eou3 matter, aud
a Household Department, couduitti! by the roreuntft
mn writer on the subject iu the whole country.
ITS POLITICS.
Tuk AnnaiCAN Fa&mkk HI be entirely neutral Iu
politics, but support to the best or its nhillty a Judicious
protection through import duties on every furnifiut
product. It will have no frleuds In any party hut the
friends of the farmers, and no enemies' but theirs. It
will not lii-dtate to attack any man who, by speech or
vote.opACt the interests or the frnnrs,":int It will
carefully watch every movement iu Courevs and
every rutin:: and decision In the Kxecutlve Depart
ments atrectluif those interests. It is the onlyfarntlnz.
paer In the country that makes these thlust a v
rialty.
TUE SOUTHERN EDITION
Is devoted especially to the peculiar products aud hi-
terms of the South, and will nrc no labor or expense
In promoting the uell-beins of the planters and antius
of that section.
SEMI-MONTHLY.
The journal is 1
Is published refutarly on th 1st iad Ua
, thus glvliw 34 Issues neb y-Qfdlli
nut of reading nuuur f..r LVawr
f each mouth, tl
normous amount i
vance. A i Ul Introductkm ntUt u niafc -.TtJitl
Tor tlw remainder of 1.S92 for SO mil. ataa u
jir nir-a.ttii w. ic u, m u. tlnv,!.'. ...a
si -1.1 Introduction ouliiafc T-siSd
minder of 1.S92 for Xnilr " "
In siiiiribliirtiy whether h.t ihe regular orth
-southern 111111011. Send 1110114 y f.otl Tnb . ,-7 V
York draft. Address all nmiESSSX to C W
THE AXEKJCAX rARMEK.
lXWllAwa,,
'-
:. :---.-
- :'-
. . - '
-. . - .
.... 1- tV
"-vs--.-.If.
. . - - I .
1:-'
t
-.:
-a -
yjm
1 -v-
IV r-
---'. I
-
-.!
.:
-.
.-. " W
- " m
"--.. "1.
. :.-';-;.
. : . - - ,1
". -
1.-.
t A