m
MuruaL
-
VOL. XX.-M 19.
COLTJMBTTS, NER, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1889.
WHOLE NO. 1,007.
--
4S
A
i
i
I"
COLUMBUS
STATE BAM.
COLUMBUS, XEB.
Cash Capita! - $100,000.
. " BIKECTOB3:
"rANTJSGERUARD.Pm.'t. "
. : GEO. VT. HULaT. Vice PreX
JULIUS A. KEED.
E. H. IIENEY.
J. E. T.VSKEH. Ca-hier.
.-.ueeasi"rwnBftiy "-
mil aaln-.s.
iy latere! am Ttae aee
!.
Ti
omhemem
-OF-
COLUMBUS, NEB.,
-HAS AN
Authorized Capital of $500,0110
Paid in Capital - 90,000
OFFICERS-
C H. SHELDON. Pre.':.
H. P. H. OHLEIOH. Vice Pre?.
C A. NEWMAN. Cashier.
DANI EL 5CHRAM. Aee't Cah.
STOCKHOLDEES:
C H. Sheldon, J P- Backer,
Herman P. H-Oehlrich, Carl Eienke.
J-ooaa Welch. W. A. McAllister.
J. Henrv Wurdeman, H. M. Wiaalnw,
im)rwW Galley. S- -"?. .
Frank Borer. Arnold . H. Oehlnch.
iy Bank of deposit; intert allowed on tim-
irluitH, bay and tell exchange on United Star.
and Europe, and bay anil well available ecnrittVt.
We hall be pleased t receive your boaineea. We
eolicit your patronage. t&decs
4 Exchaac.
m 4nu- -
BaaBFiSjSiXlPaF
.MnBnBBBMBBV?ataB . js
TOR THE
MM (MAGE 0M
CALL OS
A. & M.TURNER
rellsu
wn am first c"aan in. every par
tieaJacaad ao ftaarantsed.
sMtfrtm run,
DZALZXSX3
WIND MILLS,
ttoktyc Mowtr, combined, Srf
Biii.tr, wire or twine.
Pups fcepairei " nrt a-tiee
door weat of Heiatx Dim Store. 11th
Colombo. Neb. Knorta-tl
FITS!
Xor a mate, uu vSSSrS
I msa2 jl kjluu ! kuafc
aedwautis
TJOXERT-AKEI. !
MfPIBlOnETALLlC CASES
ef mil kinds of Ufkoi-
st
cocumua.
I CURE
rAixnrG ncanrnw,
AlHe-aaacaadr. I wamust nTrraaacdr to
HENBY GrASS.
LACE MAKING IN IRELAND. !
BEAUTIFUL HANDIWORK OF ERIN'S
MAIDS AND MATRONS.
Litbor That Is Poorly
Months -w-tlr-x
Would Briar "!
Wnaaen Werfcen to taw
In limerick alone of all the Irish cities
has there ever been anything' like an at
tempt at manufacture of lace, and here
lace making has been, during nrtain
periods, extraordinarily successful. It
was introduced in 1829 by a man named
Walker, about twenty lace makers hav
ing l?en i-nported from Nottingham.
By ISM nearly 2.000 women and girls
were employed in various branches of
tlie work as tanibourera, runners, darn
ers, menders, washers, finishers, arnalin
embroiderers and lace open 'workers. -The
groundwork of all tins lace is made
by machinery The quality has always
been superb, far expelling any partly
machine made lace manufactured cither
in England or upon the continent: but of
late the industry has suffered from Swiss
machine competition, and workers were
never permitted to earn wages exceeding
from three to seven shillings per week.
The Carrickmacross lace derives -its
name from the introduction of both ap
plique and guipure lace making into the
parish of Carrickmacross. in County
Monaghan, as early as IS20
It Is a most interesting region under
the shadow of the Slieve-Beagh moun
tains, and the environments of the peas
antry to thia day ara of the most primi
tive sort. The cabins, which seldom
have more than one room from 8 to 12
feet square, and never more than 8 feet
high, with earthen floors and straw
thatched roofs. A hole in the roof end
gives the smoke opportunity for escape,
and where clay and stick chimneys are
indulged in, an old firkin, or a few
slivers of freestone rock, form the pict
enresque chimney pot. Potatoes, with
occasionally a little buttermilk or sweet
milk, constitute almost the only articles
of food: and yet from out of the hands
of the daughters and mothers of this re
gion, and of County Armagh, into which
Carrickmacross lace making has extend
ed, come daintier fabrics in applique
than were ever conceived in Brussels,
and copies in guipure that are marvel
lous improvements upon the originals in
Cretan.
EXXISH3CACSAIST LACE.
The
t lace comes from a
region still more interesting, not only
from the loveliness of the scenery about
the upper and lower lakes of Lough Erne,
that splendid northern rival of glorious
Kiliarney in Kerry, but also from the
singular beauty of the maidens and
mothers who dwell and labor amid these
mountains, vales, glens and upon these
transcendent shores. Tnnishmarsaint it
self is a dainty island half a mile from
shore in upper Lough Erne. A famous
abbey was fowled here in the Sixth
century, by St. Nenn or Nernid of the
royal blood of Ireland. The saint's bell,
ornamented with gold and silver, is still
preserved here as a sacred and precious
relic The parish, partly in county Done
gal and partly in Fermanagh, derives its
name from the island of ruins, and the
entire peasantry of this wild and beauti
ful region, in manner and dress, strik
ingly remind one of the picturesque folk
of the TvroL
Nearly every family has a member
who is a lace maker, and without organ
ization, technical instruction, or any at
tention whatever to preserving- or devel
oping artistic effort, these blue eyed, black
haired, red lipped women produce mar
vels in point lace as wonderful as were
ever known in point d'Alencon. I found
one worker who had been employed
more than five months upon one hand
kerchief. She said two months more
would be required to complete it. "What
will you get f cr itr" I inquired. "Faith,
an'Fm thinkm' a pound it'll bring. "And
what will you do then?" I asked gafn
"Go to AmATim., plase Godr was the
reply. And yet the rich Belfast lace
dealers showed me handkerchiefs by no
means as rich and delicate for which
they easily got $150 each
LABOR BZTXEX2. PAID VS THE SOCTH.
Their peasant sisters of the south, are
more fortunate in the matter of training
and just and generous supervision. The
nuns of the Presentation convent at
Youghal have assiduously striven for
fifty years to not only secure the best
copies from the most famous lace mak
ers of southern Europe, but have insisted
upon constant instruction. Dealing direct
with- the importing houses of Amerira,
they have been able to pay the best
wage known in Ireland for women's
labor. These fifty years of effort have
also brought moat magnificent artistic
results. "Irish point,'' as the Youghal
lace is called, ia practically perfected into
an original TtfJntTnn of. old and mod
ern stitches, closely resembling, and in
many instances far superior to, some of
the rarest specimens of Maliaes; and it
is doubtful if today there can be found
rarer, more exquisitely and marrekws
ly designed work than cooaes from, hun
dreds of homes of the sunny Tales of
Cork and Waterf ord.
There Is also a black lace in silk, and
a white lace in thread, both "piHow
laces." made by the peasant women
about the sleepy old town of Tallow,
from instruction during the last half
ceutmy by the naas of St. Joseph's coo
vent. From the most llsmki i ifive ritimiff"
it would seem that 90,000 women in Ire
land are constantly employed in the va
rious forma of lace making; 75,000 are
at work in the linen spinning and weav
ing mills; 25,000 axe employed in em
ployed in eaubroidery- aloae, and from
75.000 to 100,000 in each pursuits as
fc-BJrrtnj, afeirt making, hem stitching,
finishing, launderiag and boxing; or, in
round "" t 900,W0 Irish women in
homes aad ! Iisi inn mill ilj striving
to hold their hovel hemes and their be
loved Ireland together, on wages which
win not exceed an average of four shil
lings per week: Cor. New York Com
ssercial Advertiser.
STREET CAR MANNERS.
Om
acaronceeof the
well crowded
before
as trip was half aude. ii
aekaasBBsBW una aasseeesaaftaBsaamsei ' VasWast
sssKHaV K kQBK KCasssssslalBssVOesssV wVsssssssm.
Jssmaa a SjWH vBMBesseaBBBBMB ww bBBBSbv
jajlj jiijilaad all .or 1 ctta-
ptaLgot
auahed for two of
who stood, aad a gmj
the third her seat. The
or gave the
or cared whether
were staodmg while he
seated.
If this boorish aadill aarrni boy
was the only oae of hit type it woald he
hardly worth while to refer to the asat-
ter; but, unfomraateiy, he i
are hundreds aad thosaaade like
In many cases, perhapa. these lade are
more to be pitied then blamed. Any
oae who witnessed the aeulahaess and
want of courtesy shown by the lad in
question recognised that defective home
i-i-fr.fng- was at the root of bis ill man
nered selashness. He had not been
taught respect for age or sympathy for
helplessness. Therefore, he failed to ex
ercise eider. Would it sot be worth
whUe.for Bareats aad taechers, while
aw bee a awed aseBy other
to teach them asanaars, too? If
they can't be induced to do it from a
love of good manners on their own part
they shoald do it for very shame, for
every exhibition of selfish boorishness
like the oae above mentioned is an ad
vertisement to the world that all the
world reads of a lack of proper home
training. The boorish boy gives away
his boorish parents or teachers.
In the same car, before it became quite
so crowded, was another boor the fel
low who folds and unfolds his newspa
per, digging his elbows jato the passen
gers on each side of him while doing so.
Thw fellow is in almost every morning
and evening car. His elbows are worn
sharp by constant practice, as thousands
of his fellow riders can testifyfrom. pain
ful experience. He is worse than the
boy who hasn't been taught good man
ners and isn't old enough to have learned
himself, for the newspaper boor is usu
ally a full grown and often a middle
aged man. There ia another type of the
newspaper boor found in most street
cars. He is the fellow who gets in soon
ofter the car starts and becomes so ab
sorbed in his newspaper that he can't see
other people standing, while he and his
newspaper occupy the space of two or
more seats.
Beally, it is hardly to be wondered at
that half grown boys sit in supreme and
unconscious selfishness while crippled
age stands, when they are furnished so
many examples of boorish selfishness by
those that should be their teachers and
exemplars in courtesy. Can't some kind
hrta and wealthy philanthropist be
fnTuvx to find an institution for the re
formation of the various adult street car
boors, including, besides those just men
tioned, the cross legged boor, the fellow
whose cane or umbrella is stuck out to
trip other passengers, and all the other
examples of the genus boor? If these ill
mannered fellows were reformed, per
haps the yff grown lads might learn
street car courtesy by the process of imi
tation. Philadelphia Times.
either in the architecture of their houses
or in the display of ornaments In the
way of furnishing, their pride is in the
delicacy of their mats and the richness
of the satin cushions. The chief room
in the house of a rich Japanese is
thus described: "The salon was about
25 feet long by 15 wide. At one end,
in the corner, was a small raised plat
form in a little niche and on it a fine
Imari vase three feet high, holding
flowering branches of the cherry tree.
Behind, upon the wall, hung a very
valuable but very ugly kmkamono of a
god. Twelve blue satin foutons lay in
two rows upon the floor and three stand
ing lamps stood in a line between. A
folding screen was placed to protect us
from draught and that was the entire
furniture of the millionaire's drawing
room. The 'mats' upon thefioor were
of the whitest and finest straw. The
screen was a gorgeous one, with a battle
scene painted upon a gold background."
The Japanese keep their bric-a-brac in
fire proof buildings, to be taken out one
at a time and admired, and then re
placed by another. Chicago Tfnw
JL
3Caj. Watkins' 'position finder.'' by
which the guns of a battery or ship of
war are concentrated by a single expert
upon a definite object with the touch of
a button in his remote place of observa
tion, is making great progress. It will
abolish much, if act all, of the interest
in artillery practice. The gunners will
have only to load, and then to take their
directions as to elevation and training
from a dial. They will generally be ig
aorant as to what they are firing at, and
will probably have no knowledge wheth
er or sot their firing is effective. All
their beamess will be to load, to watch
the dial and to fire. If there is auch
smoke, so aa to obscure their view, that
will be so much the better, for it wul
conceal them from the eaemy,' while the
jnrntjm finder directs them from his
place, which may be dear from such b-scarity.-
Exchange.
The Tillage of North Waldoboro (Me.)
is so happy at getttog rid of aa affliction
that the village poet bexstinto song over
the event, mTiie Waldoboro News. The
aifirtinri is described as "the most ag
gravating dog that ever lived,' aad his
epitaph follows:
-OfclPzsaea--is
AadaUvao
had
Canaa'ar
Wacaat
SurbowkekSled
achcacaM
"Tell SB. Uacle
Amelia, "do you thaak
IObbVCS V ffOOd KaBaHaHBlaM
"I thiak he wHL" replied Uncle
Charles, withoat hesttririfla, "I offered
him a cigar last evening, and he took it
as freely as it was gives. When he
opened his coat ha search of asaatchbe
exposed hia waistcoat, aad as two upper
pockets were iHed with cigars. I have
that HearywiU
saving,
Boston Tnarriyi
fht siy- m Tffifi
with
carbo-dyaaauXe. oae of the latest
would seesa to show that it
important adTautages
ordinary y '- - r others
of i.i.aaiihi ibiy greater power, and
of
fiplniM
Kiacoaapasedof
edbytau parts of a variatyof
MbI m CJeaaMsBtl SO M
7
acsav BUI I
leaetiadaotionthathekmew UFE AMID THE DARKNESS OF THE '
oadaworhaapkaaBeaale river PiERS IN NEW YORK.
weacosafortably
csaae aad Joaa aad cab.
Was m Bataaaaa,
Charles, plaaaad
that HearywiU
WATCHMAFS STOfiY.
LIFE AMID THE DARKNESS OF THE
RIVER PIERS IN NEW YORK.
During a particularly heavy downpour
of rain, the writer took refuge m the
doorway of one of New York's Invest
f warehouses. There he met the night
I watchman, a grizzled but kindly faced
old man, who on being questioned spoke
. as follows regarding his calling. After
, a few silent whiffs at his pipe, during
which he seemed meditating, he began:
I have been at this employment for the
greater part of twenty years. My em
ployer has about two hundred men, and
controls nearly all the business of supply
ing' watchmen, at a moment's notice, in
this city. Is there variety in the work?
Sure, so far as change of scene goes, for
one night I may be sent to assist a regu
lar bank watchman to stand guard, over
a vault containing many hundred thou
sands of dollars, or to watch a private
resilience in some swell locality, or I may
have to roam, about a huge warehouse all
night. But generally we are kept busy
on the river piers, either opened or cov
ered, or perhaps a day or night at Erie
Basin, or in Hoboken or Jersey City.
And there is considerable danger as well
as variety in the work. Not a great
many years ago there were regularly or
ganized gangs of river pirates, who made
certain localities their stamping grounds,
where they met to plan raids, eat. drink
and sleep.
a LO.VESOXE LUTE.
We have had to fight against these
gauss for years, and at last they are
pretty well cleaned out and we have
fairly earned the gratitude of importers,
shipping brokers and owners in fact, of
all honest men.
Sometimes the gloomy stillness of a
night spent on a dark pier is almost in
supportable. There Ls not enough noise
to interest a man, and not enough indi
cation of danger to sharpen his faculties;
yet we must be always on the alert.
Wharf rats are usually sly, but when
they find naught but a man's life be
tween them and their booty, they some
rimes become exceedingly bold. They
sneak along the docks, disappearing'
now and then in the dark to listen for
the policeman's footsteps. Then they
emerge. Their spies keep them well
posted as to the kind and quality of the
various cargoes. One wfll sometimes
get on the docks as a peddler, or on some
pretended errand while the cargo is
being unloaded. In this manner they
learn where fruit, nuts or any small
packages are placed.
No first class watchman will ever per
mit a stranger access to a dock after the
big doors are once locked for the nighL
Formerly a deal of merchandise was
stolen in broad daylight and virtually
under the very eyes of the owners and
others interested in preventing such oc
currences. You must remember that
when a ship or steamer Ls being unloaded
there are usually over three hundred men
about, longshoremen, stevedores, dock
clerks and revenue officers, and in the
confusion it was not such a difficult
matter to pilfer small articles during the
day; it was easier really to steal in the
day when there was a crowd about than
at night.
THICKS OF THE THIEVES.
Many ingenious schemes to steal have
been tried, and successfully, too. One
of them was to row under a dock at low
tii&, and bore up through the flooring
into barrels of sugar or hogsheads of
whisky and molasses, and so let their
booty flow into empty barrels which
they placed in the boat. Fve seen burly
longshoremen take hold of a hogshead.
brace themselves for a mighty effort,
and then, roll themselves head over heels
with the barrel, which had previously
been drained of its contents by these
wharf rati Fishing from the end of a
pier and awying small articles when a
chance was presented, and dropping
them into the hands of a confederate be
low, was a common dodge. Now, dock
owners are very cautious about letting
people fish from their loaded docks, un
the parties are well known.
Do we ever get injured? Yes, watch
men are often assaulted, and one is oc
casionally murdered. Since I've been in
the business thirty of my associates have
lost their lives while on dnij: The
thieves reason that dead men tell no
tales. There are more murdered watch
men than murders convicted. Some
times a tough character wul lounge
around the saloons alongshore until
drunk, and then stray down to the dock
looking for a place to sleep. To drive
m away ia to provoke him to a fight,
and tT"g' we are armed, he is drunk
and desperate. Of course it would never
do to shoot him. simply because he wants
to lie down quietly and sleep; public
opinion would convict us. So we must
endure his vile language, and permit
him to remain at the risk of losing our
positions, or incurring severe censure.
At times words are altogether useless,
and we must wield our night sticks to
drive away these thieves and their ac
complices, the dock loafers. The police
themselves have no liking for river duty,
particularly on dark or stormy nights.
And I don't blame them.
At this point the old man drew his
pipe from his mouth; the last spark of
fire had been extinguished; and he
slowly rose up, stretched himself, and
with a remark about going his rounds,
said good night and was gone. New
York Mar.
"I should like to insure my life, but I
would be considered a bad risk. I doubt
if any of the first class companies would
accept me.
These were the words of a beg freckle
facededhairediadrvidaal whose asaally
countenance aad abundant avoir-
dasois made him the picture of
"What in the world should make you
a badnskr chorused a group
The first spealii 1 1 liaaw iTtfflh
ware as fiery a red as his aaatted locks,
aad then he answered softly; "My scar
let topknot is my bane. It "is quite had
enough to invite the sobriquets of 'brick
top,' -pinky aad the like, hut when the
rornpaaM-s take a hand m the
.it is
weep."
mdrridaal
little as
l.M I
nW riinM was the only tuuanal for the
of the leaoTmeufe
company, who was questioned as to the
alleged disparageBsent of red heads, re
plied that it was largely imaginary aad
exaggerated. "It isa fact, however,' he
continued, --that red headed persona have
generally thin skins and are, aa a rule, of
a delicate cotMtitution. A pale, thin fare
and a cowering consumptive form are
often allied to a reddish complexion.
Light hair, and especially red hair, often
seems to betoken scrofulous dBorhn-,,
and its presence may prejudice superfi
cial examiners againat the subject. It
is a fact that red headed persons who
show not the rmallest trace of pulaaoaary
trouble will aranjmfrclnp consump
tion in an almost im laiTlili time." Phil
adelphia Record.
Jaattoa ta
A story that Judge Beflly occasionally
repeats when the subject of Michigan
justice is up for discussion, rune eub
stautJaDy aa foDown:
"When Gratiot county, Michigan, first
began to be disturbed by pioneers, and
after it had its first justice of the peace,
a farmer named Davison walked three
miles to secure a warrant for the arrest
of his neighbor named Meacham for as
sault and battery. To save the constable
a six mile trip the defendant walked with
the plaintiff They encountered his honor
just leaving his house with his gun on his
shoulder, and Davison halted hfm with:
"Squire, I want a warrant for this man
for striking me."
'Tm in- an awful hurry," said the
squire. "Come to-morrow."
"So'm I in a hurry, and Tm going to
have a raising to-morrow."
"3Ieacham. did you hit him?" asked
the justice.
"Yes."
"Davison, did you strike first?"
"No."
"Meacham, had you rather work for
Davison three days than go to jail?"
"I guess so," answered Meacham.
"And will that satisfy you. Davison?
"Yes."
'Then make tracks for home, and don't
bother uie another minute! My son has
just come in with the news that an old
bear and three cubs are up the same
beech, down at the edge of the slashing,
and I'm going to have some bear meat if
it upsets the supreme bench of Michigan.
Court stands adjourned at present."
Detroit Tribune.
Watch
It is asserted that the smallest screws
in the world are those used in the pro
duction of watches. Thus, the fourth
jewel wheel screw is the next thing to be
invisible, and to the naked eye it looks
like dust; with a glass, however, it is
seen to be a small screw, with 280 threads
to the inch, and with a very fine glass
the threads may be seen quite clearly.
These minute screws are 4-l,0OOth of an
inch in diameter, and the heads are
double; it is also estimated that an ordi
nary lady's thimble would hold 100,000
of these screws. No attempt is ever made
to count them, the method pursued in
-eeaaaiBBe; the wimber being to place
100 of them on a very delicate balance,
and the number of the whole amount is
determined by the weight of these.
After being cut the screws are hardened
and put in frames, about 100 to the
frame, heads up, this being done very
rapidly by sense of touch instead of by
sight, and the heads are then polished in
an automatic machine 10,000 at a time.
The plate on which the polishing is per
formed is covered with oil and a grind
ing compound, and on this the machine
moves them rapidly by reversing motion.
New lorkbtar.
It Seems TTwy Do.
Do horses reason? A friend of The
Portland Transcript thinks his does. He
drove him to a watering trough the
other day. into which some one had
thrown the stump of an old broom. The
horse held back his head in disgust, but
presently took the offending broom be
tween his teeth and threw-it from the
trough. Then he held back his head and
waited for the water to run clear.
Presently he smeHed of it, but not being
satisfied he waited again, aad yet again.
Finally he put his nose into the water
and swashed it around, apparently to
slop out all impurities before he consent
ed to drink. Now how did the horse
know that the water would run pure? It
must have been the result of observation
and memory. All horses know enough
to refuse to drink impure water. Horse
man. A Dot's
Mr. M. E. Butler, of Washington, this
county, owned a large, unmanageable
and vicious dog. Last Tuesday while all
the men were at work in the field, the
brute made an attack on a young sou of
Mr. Butler who happened to have in his
possession a pitchfork with which to de
fend himsplf. As the dog jumped for
him the lad held out the fork, and the
anffml jumped against the tines, one of
which penetrated the throat just under
the jaw, kfllinj-; him instantly. The
death of the dog undoubtedly was the
salvation of the child, as there is no
doubt he would have killed him if he
had had no means to defend himself.
PoughkeeDsie Eagle.
rrmalatatj.
A horse is a queer animal It knows
more than any other anf! except a
dog, and we have seen a dog that was
gfi-a of fa owe shadow. The other
day, while the horse of ctiaria -ggharp
was -"t--c at the station, the Walirill
Valley aad Erie trains both came rush
ing past it with steam, blowing off. The
horse not as much as raised its ears. The
wind, however, moved a little piece of
white paper on the ground about half the
siae of an envelope, and the horse was
ready to make tracks for Comfort's Tn
without heeding the notice on our new
iron bridge. Montgomery Srandard.
Visiting Aunt Aht Johnnie, I am
.very glad to have your mother tall aw
that you are such a good little boy. Of
'course you know where all good little
boys will go?
Johnnie Yes. naVaax.
"WelLteHme."
"Their papas wffl take 'em to the eir
ens." Excbange.
A writer in a scientific m-gr-n'na. M ja
the earth is being bored too much and is
liable to lose ha place asaongthe heaven
Iy bodies in cxmaeqaence. The busy edi
tor can sympathiae with the earth. He
is alao hkery to lose his place among the
heavenly bodies from being bored toe
maca judging from the language he
uses when the bore leaves. Norrisowu
Herald.
THE DIA10SD GUTTERS.
HOW THEY WORK AND WHAT THEY
EARN IN NEW YORK CITY.
The fifteen diamond cutting
af Sear York poliah 10,00
tonsil dhunonds each Tear, rather
than the annuel output of the Brmrilian
One .hundred skilled workmen
are
employed in the trade, and the
say that the wiH cutters of
New York "are the beat in the world.
The business has grown up within ten
or ara-en years, but already naest of the
arjpraatkas are native Amerirsns A
deTer lad begiasinc; the asane at 15 May
years. The best diamond cutters under
favorable conditions earn from $40 to
ISO a week. These are better wages
than those earned by any save the most
famous foreign diamond cutters. Work
men here are more intelligent and trust
worthy than those of Holland, France
or England, the chief diamond cutting
countries of Europe. Theft is common
abroad, but nnnsnal here.
EXZFCrO THE BXCOKOS.
Is looking aboutadiamond cutting es
tablishment one would hardly suspect
the precious character of the material in
use. The floors are bare, the windows are
open, and any one may enter by the door
unchallenged. Much is trusted to the
honesty of the workman, but some simple
precautions are taken. When a diamond
cutter receives an invoice of stones he
carefuliy studies each one, and takes note
of its color, size, weight and shape. The
whiter ones look like bits of clear alum,
the darker like clouded quartz. The
rarest and costliest stones are of sky blue,
pink and black. Ordinarily, however,
the pure water colored diamond without
tint or flaw is most sought after.
When the boss cutter has made accu
rate record of his rough diamonds be
divides them into groups of four or five
and gives a group to each workman
From that time forth the man to whom
they are intrusted is responsible for the
stones. He returns them each night to
the boss, and the program of the work is
carefully noted. In this way it is made
extremely difficult for fraud to be prac
ticed. A cutter ia seldom, permitted to
polish a stone belonging to any one but
the boss. Doubtless the workman would
be careful to avoid confusion, but mis
takes might arise. Now and then a clever
substitution is managed, and once in a
'long while outright theft is committed.
The first work done upon the rough
diamond is cleaving. The stone is placed
in a peculiar cement that softens easily
gn hardens quickly. A little nntrh on
'the line of cleavage is made with another
diamond, the edge of an old razor is
'placed in this notch, and with a smart
Of course, when a diamnad can be worked
: whole it is not split. After cleaving comes
cutting. The aT-" is placed in a
little mass of rnt on the end of a
stick. gj acrappd with worer diarr""1
similarly imbedded. The cutter has six
points presented to him, and he begins
-with the one that seems most promising.
His choke decides which shall be the up
per surface of the diamond, for in the
"brflliant cutting, which is the most
Hrffifnh: and the one almost generally
practiced here, the exposed surface ia
slightly flattened, while the under aide
runs to the apex of a pyramid. In this
'way eight or ten facets are made.
From the cutter the stone goes to the
grinder or prfisher, who patiently turns
it and turns it untfl the swiftry whirling
wheel has cut upon the surface fifty-eight,
tiny facets. These fifty-eight facets ap
pear upon every diamond cut as a brfll
iant, whether it be a ten carat atone as
broad as your thumb nail, or a tiny spark
not bigger than two pin heads Now and
'then a stone is spotted in the polish mg;
sometimes oae is found that cannot he
jxnade to shape itself into the fifty-eight
facets. The wheel on which the stones
are polished ia a soft iron dink lined with
''innumerable curved rays running from
Center to circumference. This is sprinkled
with diamond dust and sweet ofl. The
moment a scratch appears on the wheel
the Ttinru must be removed to some
other part of the surface.
The finished stone comes from the
jwfaeel covered with gummy oil, but a ten
'minute bath in sulphuric acid leaves the
surface clean and brilliant Diamonds
pendant from pearly ears or shining on
snowy throats never look so beautiful as
they look unset and heaped together
upon oiled paper at the diamond cutters.
Nothing is wasted at the diamond cut
ter's. Boort, which is the name given to
diamond chippings that cannot be pot-
ashed, to placed m a steel mortar exactly
'iike an od fashioned fhrrm am brayed
Into powder for the polisher. Not a single
jcarat is lost, for the mortar is dust proof
and the pestle fits so close that the parti-
cies cannot nee from the bottom.
I Sometimes stones are injured in the
netting. Perhaps an accidental blow
breaks a brittle corner, perhaps too much
beat clouds the surface. Diamonds thus
injured, however, may be repaired. An
ja matter of fact, the diamond is almost
iadestructib'e. It loses nothing by long
wearing and acids cannot injure it. The
jprevalent idea that soap and water dim
jthe luster of the iTTmn is a mistake
New York Sua.
It is curious that we are quite unable
to realise the enormity of some of the
commonest contfnrnral oaths, We can,
of course, to a certain extent, appraise
such terms aa Sacre, Saposti and Mor
bku (euphemistic for Mort Dieu), but,
31 the other hand, we wholly fail to ap
peeciato the swearing value of Mflle ton
nerres and Tansend Dotmerwetter. Even
though these latter be regarded as an in
vocation of Thor, the god of thunder and
summer heat, we cannot see anything
very dxsadfal or juratory in them. An
giicahed they hfrnawi perfectly hi im less,
and would badeed be wekoased in the
room of aoaneof eurownasore opprobri
ous idiosni. "T under' or ewen "Thunder
and Iightnmgf we rrwejdrr a Tery tem
perate exclamation; so, too, thought the
author of the tragic story of the "Bag
mans Dog," which may be consulted
with advantage on this head.
Applying the Johnsonian f w of
for boys, port for amen, and
for hemes." we should
to
the
Tsrietyof
doctor, to our insular tamos taey con
vey absolutely no idea of impropriety.
We might go about Dunnerwetteringfor
a month together, anil not feel one atom
the better for it. or the worse; while our
f for propriety and decent speech
would not be oae whit damaged, what
ever might be thought of our sanity.
The German soul, however, ia r mar ions
of a distinct sense of relief after a judi
cious indulgence in the same pasrimr
Hence we are confronted by the strange
paradox that what is a round oath in
one country is not even a smart ejacula
tion in the next. Macmillan's Magazine
A party of young men were out sere
nading their loves the other night. The
hour was waxing late. They passed a
residence on Cherry street where a
youngster in an upper window was
-TMmmg with all the strength of ha in
fantile tangs, and the "old man" was
pacing the floor, attempting to mil the
household pride and joy. Tiie mother
was bestirring herself for some remedy
to quiet its colicky pains. Instantly one
of the mad wags of the party threw
tymIf into troubadour attitude under
the window, and thrumming the accom
paniment on bis guitar, with a clear
voice sang:
"tarried, married.
Qh. what biiai;
Lota of lore aad kha, kia
"tarried, married.
Oo.wnai.aaeU
Thiaei ara altered, quttd altered; well. well, w-n
Th" humor of the thing seized hiscoci
panioud at first gasp, and they all fled in
wild Yirt but the singer soared until
there was an intensified howl from the
youngster upstairs, showing that he had
been pitched headlong to the bed. The
house shookjas the "old man" broke for
his shotgun, and just aa the window
shutters flew open with a crash, the trou
badour, realizing the imminent danger to
which he was exposed, fled wildly down
a convenient alley. Happily, the shot
gun was of the smooth bore variety, and
the gallant troubadour says it scattered
from Fall creek to Washington street.
It was some time before he found hia
companions, and since then he has aban
doned that quarter of the city. Indian
apolis News.
far Clkiaewa.
One of the largest of Boston's hanking
houses makes a specialty of deposit ac
counts with the Chinese of the city, who
all place their money in this establish
ment's hands. The aggregate of such de
posits made by the gentry of the flowery
land is at any one time very large, while
the personal accounts, of the fnntnn
gamblers, who are the rich men of the
celestial colony here, run far up into the
thousands of dollars. An important part
of the business done with them consists
in selling drafts for money sent to Asia.
Much trouble was found at first in
keeping account.'- with these pig tailed
capitalists, owing to the curious fact that
each Chinaman, as a rule, has several
mnvn. which are employed in such a
lmnnrr as to be a trifle confusing. He
always has at least three, and sometimes
more. He has one name as a boy. When
he gets to be a man he takes a new- one.
Upon going into business he adopts a
third. No one of these three seem- to be
used in connection with the others, and.
in-namrtfh as a fresh deaigiarian is ac
cepted every time he goes into a new
laundry enterprise, the paying teller finds
some difficulty now and then in securing
a satisfactory identification. When a
laundry is sold out. too, the proprietor's
business name goes with it to the pur
chaser, and thus transfers of personal
titles are constantly taking place, occa
sioning no end of confusion. But bank
ing for Chinamen is an occupation all by
itself, and must be acquired by special
study. Washington Scar.
boating.
I still have faith in a revival of the
itniW business on the Mississippi,
but it will not take place untO a better
class of boats are adopted. What is
weeded are boats of smaller dimensions
that can make good time. The heavy
tTfta'n'sri have done more to kill the
team boat traffic t""" all other influences
combined. They can carry heavy car
goes, but they are too slow, and in
seasons of low water they cannot run at
alL If a system of lighter bears that
would run on any ordinary stage of
water, and built with reference to speed.
was adopted, it would result in an in
creased river traffic, both in freight and
passenger departments. Thirty years
ago the heavy passenger boats were
withdrawn from the upper Ohio river.
between Pittaburgand Cincinnati. Later.
1'ghtor boats were adopted, and now
there is more passenger business be
tween those pointi than there was while
the large boats were being operated.
The passenger traffic L mostly way busi
ness, but on an ordinary trip now from
Cincinnati to Pittsburg- a boat usually
handles from 400 to 500 passengers.
There is also a vast difference in the ex
pense of operating large and small steam
boats. Mississippi liivr Contain.
CliaWnWa Ckarefc.
Hawarden church is as much an ob
ject of curiosity as any other feature of
the place, from the fact that Gladstone
has so often read the service there. It,
too, overlooks the river Dee. I: Is of
rather ancient construction, and like the
castle has been greatly altered and added
to. Pictures of Mr. Gladstone reading the
service in this church have been often
drawn. His manner while so doing is
characteristic. rTaldfrhmwlf tt he
gives forth his lines in a clear n pene
trating voice, every word being easily
heard and grasped. With his right hand
he follows the lines down the Bible as he
reads them, while with his left he
clutches the high candlestick beside him
for support.
Craaw at Faalj atic Tarda.
Miss Mattie Ghan. who lives near
Lynesville, in this county, killed a crane
one day last week that measured six feet
four and a half inches from tip to tip of
its wings, and was five feet seven inches
high It had a fish in its mouth when
shot, and Miss G. showed her skill in
handling a gun when i: is known that
the crane was forty-seven yards from
her when she shoLJruwfordville Dem-
Nevada electricity runs the very
nrfn-f. and has increased produc
25 per cent. The men who work
VIM feat deep live about two years, not
withstanding the fact that they work
only two hours per day. They get more
pay than eight hour men. They work
and rest forty-five. Ex-
XPOKTOF TMM COaTDTTIOW
First NitM Bait
la the State ot Ifebnaka. at ta eloa of I
Jolynta. bh
Tmaan and Diacoaafa...
Orvfdrafbi aacsmi aad.
llaOCC
XX
. cam
SjB-S
. UJKiH
imss
iieat
at as
uax
xr
Taioa
mm
U. 3- Bonds to secure eireslaciea....
Other stocks, bnadw aad an-nfas".
One froaz approvml trmrtn aeastn...
Dae from State Baak aari aaaairii.
Boal Eaeu. Fnrnitnr- aad flltaiaa.
rarraeXexTeniwwaaii tax paid....
Cbfcks aad other caah item.. ........
BUla of other Banks ......
SickcL aad ceiita ....................
Spcie... ....................
Leaal tender aotm .............
BitiemptioB. fund with U.S.
er(S percent. otcircnlatiiMi).
Total
cx&artmaB.
Capital atock pail in........
73 as
.S axassas
Uadrrided profit-. .............
xau 43
ixawos
U73m;
nvaess
National Banknote outMaadiajr. --
Inumdual depoaito subject to check.
Demand cerriticnW of deposit .
Note aad bill r-diacosnted ...
Total .
DrascToaa.
A. ANDERSON. Prt.
J. H. GALLEY. Tie PreaX
O.T.KOEN.Caahiar.
G. ANDERSON. P. AXDOSOS.
JACOB G ROSEN. HENRI KAGATZ,
JOHN J. SULLIVAN.
Apr9B-SKX
gmsmess rds.
J -T. klUA.-l.
DECTCHER ADVOKAT,
Officr- over Colombo State "r. Colombo.
Nebraska. 3
OULUTATI a 1
--tfTOiLYi-rS AT LAW,
Office oer First National Bank. C
Nvbraaka. W-tl
OH.! EfjsjaBEM-i,
dma nit? at Columbus. NeU, or call ac aar
in Court iiouae. iaaTS
mara r
T J. CaXAWEsr.
CO. SUP'T PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
I will be in my office in the Conrt Hosa. thw
third Satnniaj- of Mich mouth for the examina
tion of applicant for ft-achers nrtiscafea. aad
.... mr uauaocuim oi tner cnool dujl
i-iaash
J atCWIIilljt,
DRAY and EXPRESS2IAX.
Llithc aal henry hauling C,rU handled with
care. rfMuiunan.-r at J. P. Becker A Co. odice.
Telephone. 33 and "U. SmajaWf
FACELE A BEADSHAW.
(successor t FimM Bivtholl),
BRICK jVIKERS !
JSTontractors and boilden will frn.t oar
brick tiUclase and odeivd at returnable ratwa.
We are iU. prepttivd t, tlo alt kind of brick
wurft.
iy K. TUatMUt Jfc CO..
Proprietor and Publisher of the
.rsS ZZZXSiZ. 121 - -m. m-rr ranti;
Both. pot-paid to anj- ai!dr-e. for LQ0 a jear.
strictly ia aifrraace. F.iarLT Jociuiti- aXUU a
Jear.
-V.A.J'cALLSTEK. W.M-COKNEUUS
reA-LIJA-rKat A CeiaxKaJI-a-
--l7TOiLV:rS' AT LAr.
Colombo. Neb.
Officenp stair orer Ernst Schwarr' atom oa
Eleventh -rtrw. Wmmr
JOHX G.HIGG INS.
C.J.GARLOW.
EIGSDIS GAJLL0W,
ATTORXETS-AT-LAW,
Specialty made of Collection by C. J. Gaiiow.
E.CBOYD,
-x-urtrrAcrcaxa or
Tin and ShecMrei Ware!
Job-Work, Xawi-tr aad Guttar
in? a naaaalt, .
SSShon on 13th trc Kraaae Bro. old
stand oa Thirteenth strtet. rrf
Chas. F. Kxapp. Fa-unr. E. Ksapt.
Contractus and Biil.ers,
Estimates furnished on brick and. stoaaCwork
ami plaaterimc frw. Special attention girwa. to
setting boilers, mantle, etc Staiaiate nH
tack pointing old or new brick work to repre
sent pmiued brick, a specialty. CorrpondeBce
solicited. Hefereacvtt giTen.
'ihnayly EN'APP BEXKi.
Colombo. Neb.
A STRAY LEAF!
DIARY.
THE
JOURNAL OFFICE
roa
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EXVELOPES.
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cmcruLARs.
DODGEES, Era
SUBSCKIBE NOW
roa
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news aad fasally paper is. Platte eoaasyjaad T&
ly BasaexBa devoted entirely to i
tsre. wrrrar Thoaaat aad 1
the oaiy deeded exynwaar of AaMaaaa&I
TTnr fnmfiihfrrm rrar nn r T.Tflfl iwsaa i if rtia
ehoieaat literature, written lij rim litoar law I i
can aethers. Ir 1 iiiiriiTlj iTliBBBaftaLaail ia
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It will b aniaciallybrilliaat dsriasHM
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Tae pne of joca-f ax. t U. aad The
iasz.ua. we
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