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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 12, 1888)
- i rVcir - ' w s i.' VOL. XIX.-KO. 34. COLUMBUS, NEB. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1888. WHOLE NO. 970. "? Che ttlwaam mmml I" COLUMBUS STATE BANK. COLUMBUS, XEB. Cash Capital - $100,000. DIRECTORS: LEANDER GERRAKD. Pres't. GEO. W. nULST, Vice PreVt. -JULIUS A. REED. R. 11." HENRY. J. E. TASKER. Cashier. Baak m Deflt, DlncBt m Eichaage. CeIIectleaa PresiIy 3faele all PelatN. lay iMtereMt Tlsae It.. 274 COMEECHI OK COLUMBUS, NEB, CAPITAL STOCK, $50,000. OFFICERS: C. li. SHELDON. Pres't. W. A. MCALLISTER, Vice I'r.V. C. A. NEWMAN. Cashier, DANIEL SCIIRAM. -Wt Cah. -o- STOCKHOLDERS: J 1 BECKER. JONAS WEIjCn, ( ui! KE1NKE II. 1. H. OEHLRICH, 1 II WUltUKMAX. H. M. WINSLOW (Veo. w. galley, aknolu oeiiluIcii. This Bank transacts a regular Ranking Basinet-!', will allow interest on time deioeit, make collection', buy or hoII exchange on United State and Eimi and buy and wll available eouritieH. We shall be plea! to receive your business. We solicit your itatronagu. We guarantee satis faction in all business intrusted in our care. dec27 FOR THE MEIUE ORGAN CALL OX A. & M.TURNER Or . W. UIBLEB, Xravrellmsr Salessama. jyThese organs are first-class in every par ticuiaf, and so guaranteed. SCMFFROTN PUTN, DEJUXSS IN CHOAT.X.KIfGrK WIND MILLS, AND PUMPS. Buckeye Mower, combined, Self Binder, wire or twine. Pups Repaired oi skert motier BTOne door west of Heintz's Drug Store, 11th street. Columbus. Neb. 17novMf I CURE FITS! - When I say Ccre I do not mean merely to atop them for a time, and then have them re tare again. 1 mean A RADICAL CUKE I have made the disease of FITS, EPILEPSY or A life-long stud; . I wakrajst my remedy to CCSE the worst cases. Because others have failed is no reason for not now receiving a core Scad at once for a treatise and a Free Bottle of my Infallible Remedy. Give Express aad Post Office. It costs yon nothing for a trial, aad it wiU cure you. Address H.C.ROOT.M.C IS3PEMLST..NfYMK HENRY G-ASS. TXLSTDERT AXEB ! COFFUfS AND METALLIC CASES ZTBepairing of alllnndsof UphoU afary Goods. -tf COLUMBU8, NEBRASKA.' BRsRnbmRBRsRL&-9TiHaT BRR'BKsRRRaaSRlR&S CITINA AND ITS PROGRESS. INTERESTING DESCRIPTIVE LECTURE BY GEN. JAMES H. WILSON. The Social and Political Status of the Ca lcutta! Empire Sew Ideas from the West Set Received with Cordiality Autocracy f Science. Maj. Gen. James H. Wilson delivered a lecture before the American Geograph ical society, in Chickering ball. New York city, during the course of which he said: In China the family is the political unit, and if one member goes astray the whole family may become extinct if the emperor pleases. No man can be a gov ernor in his own province, and no gov ernor is allowed to surround himself with officials who are his own relatives. Nepotism is unknown. The great rivers of China flow east to the Pacific, and the populations gather in the deltas in towns and villages. A peculiarity of tho great cities is that they are surrounded with great brick walls, with diiclies, parapets and gates, and the gates are regularly opened and closed every morning, as they were 600 years ago. The new capital of Formosa has such a wall, after the manner of the middle ages. The crystallized labor of Japan is seen in these great walls of cities, the great wall of the nation that separates it from outlying provinces and the grand canal They spend every year large sums to keep the grand canal open. Yet it is inadequately supplied with re serve stores of water. He spoke of the civil service system of China as a democratic institution, that gave every man a chance to advance equal to that of his neighbors. There is no nobility, only the autocracy of sci ence. The la6t examination comprised the competition of 30,000 students of ma ture age, of whom only thirty succeeded. The learning relates to Chinese history and jurisprudence and the philosophy of Confucius, hut has nothing to do with modern sciences. There is a college in China presided over by an American. Dr W. A- P. Martin," hut the goveni tuent is very slow to admit new ideas. 1 only lately began to investigate electric ity." It isnot best for the native China niun to know Um much of modern aei-ence- CJen. Wilson spoke of the successive destruction of Chinese dynasties as inseparable from the Chinese sys tem. As far as it is practicable, wherever there is a Chinamen in oHicc. there is a Tartar to watch him. The ojk ration of the censorship is inquis itoi ial and offensive. Tho w hole empire is held in subjection by the army and the centor. The nresent emneror is onlv 17 years old. He is the nepliew of the late , emperor; for the lirst time in many , years the direct male issue failed. For some years the practical sway was held bv two women, the wife and 6ister of the late emperor. But recently one of them died, and the empress dowager was left in practical supremacy. She is never seen by foreigners. She is a remarkable woman. She selects the emperor's wives, and has begun by choosing as his first wife her favorite niece. The imperial clan occupies a place alxmt a mile square, walled in, in the middle of the city of Pekin. The high officials will not hold inter course with foreigners. No diplomat has ever seen the empress dowager or the emperor. Not even the great men of China can approach the throne without permission, and then they must be pros trate. There is no such thing as popular education. The people have nothing to dti with the government. The govern ment is absolutely isolated, and holds no communication with tho people. Ideas never reach the throne from the people. The foreigners are conlined to a very small part of the seaboard, except that missionaries are allowed to go to the in terior. Tho foreign merchant does not deal with the Chinese merchant directly, but through servants. Improvements go on slowly. Yet in the interior may lie found kerosene, cotton cloth, needles ant1 matches. TheTai-ping rebellion had its origin with a disappointed student. The an tipathy of tho rehels to foreigners led to the establishment of the "ever victo rious" army, under the celebrated Capt. Ward, and the development of the hair brained Burgevins, whose ambition even soared to first shipping the rebels and then taking possession of tho empire. The result was that after he liad deserted to both sides several times the Chinese lost him one night while crossing a river. Gen. Wilson quoted one of the me morials recently sent to the emperor by a high Chinese official, written, accord ing to Chinese customs, on his deathbed, advocating the building of railroads, mining, the construction of 6hips, coast defenses and other progressive things. That this and other similar memorials have reached the eyes of the emperor is known by the fact that many such me morials liave been printed in the Chinese official paper, which has been published about 800 years, not daily, but every now and then. But the ideas of the government progress slowly. The cen sors are conservative and slow to move and suspicious of foreigners, although they have admitted that the foreigner are not necessarily enemies. American watches and clocks are mak ing rapid progress in China. The only drawback is the fact that American trade marks are counterfeited. The Chinese students who began their course of study here, but who were re called by the censors, complain bitterly of their treatment, and despair of the progress of China while the present regime lasts. China lias no floating capital The legal rate of interest is 37 per cent. The lowest rate on the most favorable loans is 25 per cent. Every man is liable to spoliation. The imperial treasury is in a constant 6tate of collapse. The em press follows her own judgment, and she is now engaged in a vain effort to turn the bed of a great river, and the treasury isnot equal to the task. There Is one railroad fifty miles long in China. The present condition of the country as regards its foreign foes, particularly England and Russia, is deplorable. The prospect seems to be that before long the great empire, unless she can arouse her self to progress, will be partitioned. The will of- the emperor is suwreme, but un less he cm be reached ana directed there is little hope for Chinese progress. THE BEST EDUCATION. That Wade Tralaa Hand aad Brala To gether A Great Mistake. Each year brings to the general public, as well as to the educators, the convic tion that the present system of education is inadequate to the demands of the day. The great public, which is more directly interested in school methods than the ed ucators themselves, are waking to the conviction that there is much useless ex penditure of time and effort in putting the boy and girl through the course of stodvin the schools. This conviction is not limited to any class of intelligence. It is permeating mil classes. With this more complete view of education comes among the higher classes' a greater re sotct. foe skilled labor. In these dart wnen ncnes suaaemy race to tnemselves wings and fly away; when there may be luxury one week and penury the next, it is necessary for every one to be pre pared for these emergencies. The exi gencies in business life cannot always be foretold with accuracy. The laws' that govern the evolutions of commerce are to a certain extent the same in their ten dency and as unerring in their effect as those that govern the evolutions of na ture. It has long been a great mistake of the rich to educate their children in the ef floresences of knowledge, and to teach them to view manual labor as lowering in its influences. But self preservation is one of the first laws of nature and there are comparatively few people who would rather starve to "death than work with their hands. Tho instinct of na ture is strong with us all, and there is tliat consciousness in every one, at least in nearly every one, that forces him to labor in order to save bis own life. The complications of social conditions and the consequent competition in all depart ments of industrial and professional life, together with these sudden disappear ances of fortunes, are impressing upon tho minds of all, the rich as well as the poor, the necessity of being forearmed. The man who is armed is always ready for an attack. The man who has a skilled brain and hand to fall back upon is ready for an emergency. If society is to be compactly built and enduring we must all contribute our labor, not only to mako it so, but to keep it so. We have now as much of the disintegrating elements as we need. These are the criminal classes, the paupers, the insane, the bed ridden, the homeless, the aged, the infirm: We have in this wide domain many that are needy, but that are not yet tho wards of the public. With the increase of the population comes an increase in society's burdens. The com plication in social conditions must bo evi dent to every one that will take the trou ble to penetrate the slight crust which envelops life in tho United States. The only way to put an obstacle in the way of tliis alarming increase in our non-producing class, or non-contributing classes, is to educate onr children to become pro ducers and contributors. The present system of education is good so far as it goes, but it does not go far enough. If all members of society were produ cers as well as consumers there would be less necessity for poorhouses. Practical education might, and undoubtedly would, lessen tho tendency to crime. An idle brain is the devil's workshop is a saying as truo as it is old. Thomas Carlyle's ringing sentences may Le quoted here. Says the great philosopher: "Produce, produce, produce. If it be but the most infinitesimal part of a product, in God's name produce it. 'Work while it is yet day, for the night comcth wherein no man can work.' " It is the business of those who direct education to consider these facts deeply. Detroit Free Press. The Young Man front College. College bred young men are without experience on tlie practical side, of life. The pushing, alert business man is not particularly impressed with the valuo of a college degree in forecasting tho mar ket or determining the value of "job lots," because be knows business is not a theory at all, but a liard fact Then, too, collegians often give themselves su perior airs, which do not go down with their associates, the majority of whom have received honorable scars in their light with circumstances, and liave little tenderness for carpet knights. More over, the impressionablo and formative period of life having been spent in the school room, they have not acquired that alertness, that power to grasp a business situation or problem and instantly solve it Nothing in their school books taught thein the shrewd, watchful readiness competition makes necessary. Take the voung fellow who left school as soon as he had mastered tho rule of three, and entered upon the struggle for existence. His mind was open to .ill impressions he learned business with out knotting he was learning, as a child learns to talk. He has formed business habits unconsciously. His mind was molded to alertness, 'rapidity of thought, promptitude of action, tho requirements of business character. Let us illustrate. Tako a littlo fellow of 8 or 9 years, brought up in a well regulated home, and place him beside the street Arab, bootblack or newsboy. On tho bcore of mental activity and practical knowledge and shrewdness, the latter will run him to cover in two" minutes. Does not some such difference exist between the edu cated young man and the ono to whom business has been a matter of daily life since early vouth. which makes emplov ers prefer the latter? Baldwin's Textile Designer. A Manicure's Queer Experience. Wo liave 6omo very queer experiences in our trade. We could not help it. But tho strangest one came under my notice quite recently. A tall, splendidly formed woman came in to have her "hands fixed," and while awaiting her turn attracted great attention by her ex treme beautr, which was of the creamy, oriental style. Dazzlingly white teeth and great, slumberous eyes softened an otherwise too coarse cast of features. But her toilet ! That was superb, in such quiet elegance and taste. As soon as pos sible I hastened to attend to her, out other customers having come in in the meantime, she expressed a decided disinclination to liave her hands arranged until the rooms were vacated. I told her that would, perhaps, be not for hours, but if she preferred I would attend to the hand dressing in an alcove, which was curtained off at the extreme end of the room. To this she consented, and when my toilet articles were ready she drew off her gloves. What was my surprise to see a coal-black hand, ebony in nesh. She briefly explained she was a negro or deep mulatto, from New Orleans. By every art of the face decorator and washes she had become whitened as I saw her, but her hands were more difficult to man age and she wore gloves at every possible opportunity. She desired me to mani cure her hands as deftly as possible and she would have her maid arrange the blistering process at home. I did so and she left in a few moments closely gloved and I sawher enter her carriage. Sub sequently I learned she possessed im mense wealth, inherited, too. A very good, but vain woman, owning every thing that she wished except what she most desired, white skin, and this she got by artifice and wealth. Manicure in Globe-Democrat. The Btaraey Stone. 'A popular tradition attributes to the blarney stone the power of endowing whoever kisses it with the sweet, persua sive, wheedling eloquence so perceptible in the language of the Cork people, and which is generally termed blarney. This is the true meaning of the word, and not, as some writers have supposed, a faculty of deviating from veracity with an un blushing countenance, whenever it may be convenient. The curious traveler will seek in vain the real stone, unless he allows himself to be lowered from the northern angle of the lofty castle, when he will discover it about twenty feet from the top, with the inscription, "Cormac IXacCarthy fortis me fierifecit, A. D., UKS." St. Louis Republic A cunons notion m table decoration is to have the center of the table made into a little-pond in which crabs and lobsters are seen, and even fish ara riW bout. OLD SPINNING WHEELS. OUR GRANDMOTHERS' METHOD OF PREPARING WOOL FOR LOOMS. Mlaata Oeacriptie of lb Uttto Old Ma chin Welch Has Been aa latptratte to Poets aad Composers "Things Ala's Jest as They Used to Be. Spinning tliat is. home spinning has just as much gone out of fashion in the -New England and eastern states as sul phur matches, and for just the. same reason there is no need of either now that something better has taken their place. There are, however, plenty of good wives who once on a time were learned practitioners in the domestic arts of spinning and dyeing, and it is from the lips of ono of these that I gath ered the following information, wluch I should imagine would be of interest to your western hearers: "The first tiling, you see," said this good lady, "is to pick tho wool. No, taint either." 6he said, interrupting her self: "the first thing is to wash and shear the sheep, but as tliat's done now just as it always was, 1 don't need tell you any thing about it When the wool was sheared and washed we used to take it and pull it all apart, getting out all the tangles and burrs and dirt that was left When it was all picked it had to be greased, and to do this we put a plate with lard on it in front of us and a neap of the picked wool to the left side. e then rubbed a bit of lard on both palms, took up a fleck of wool and worked it between our hands until every bit was greased. When there was enough wool greased the old man or one of the farm hands would take it right away to the carding mills." "When the wool came back from the carders it was in bundles about two feet long, and mado up a number of tight pressed rolls the size of my little finger, each roll jest the length of the bundle. When we want to use the wool we'd take the bundle, give it a shake, pick out a roll and then begun spinning. I don't know as ever you've seen a wheel, but ef you ain't ther's mine in the setting room, and p'raps 1 can best explain how we worked it ef you'll come in there." A stout wooden horse with a sloping body formed the base of the machine. At either end was inserted an upright, the one at the higher end stationary and supporting tho wheel; that at the lower end movable and holding the "head," the vacant space between the two being used to hold the rolls just spoken of. The wheel was fully four feet in diameter, of oak, with rounded spokes springing from a solid hub, and joining a lyre two inches wide, in which was sunk a groove to receivo tho driving band. This a stout cord passed round a sharply grooved barrel in the "head" of two inches in diameter, and gave to it. of course, an exceed ingly rapid revolution, which was still further added to by a second grooved wheel of four inches in diameter set on the same axis as the barrel driven by the main wheel. The band over the second whuel encircled a still smaller one from which the spindle sprang. The 6pindle was of iron, three inches long and with a half thread at the end; the bearings were of plaited corn husks, and the whole was attached to a tapering wooden peg fitting into a socket drilled into tho second or movable upright. By a wooden screen at its base the upright was worked back to give the driving band its proper tension. It will be easily understood, I trust, that a single turn of the big wheel would set the spindle revolving at such a rate that it would actually hum, and it was to the humming of such wheels that the old housewives of lang syne spun tho thread from which stockings, carpets, coverlets and blankets were afterwards made by their tireless hands. "Leinmo see," said my delightful oM informant, "if I can't find a speck of wool soaiewhere so as I can show you jest how we worked." Then she went out on the search and soon came back with what she called a "fleck." " 'Taint good wool," she said, "but I guess 'twill do." Setting the wheel in motion with a light touch of her right hand, she held tho end of tho wool to the spindle with the left It caught at once, and walking quickly backward and slightly from the wheel,' but always keeping within its easy reach, a twisted thread seemed to grow out from between her practiced finger and thumb, even throughout and lino enough, if not to sew at least to darn witlL When the thread grew long tho 6pinner rapidly advanced toward the spindle, carrying her hand near the wheel, a motion that instantly wound up the thread around it the spindle. So the operation was repeated, until in a very few minutes tho wool was ex hausted. "My fingers ain't quite what they used to be, said the old lady, but I as sured her as was the fact that I had never seen any one spin a better thread. The oldy lady smiled and went on: "When this spindle is full, you see, it has to be wound off, and that is done on the reel over yonder." The reel thus pointed out was a simple arrangement of two cross pieces of wood set so as to make four revolving arms, and furnished at every end with a long peg- "The reel," said my informant, "is placed beside the spinning wheel jest under the spendle here, the band is thrown off, and by turning the reel the thread is wound off from the spendle. From the reel it was made up into skeins and laid away for use. We've still got the old loom out in the carriage house that my mother used to weave on, and I got so far on with it as to be able to lay out a blanket Then the mills were built at the falls and the loom was laid away. Wo still used the wheel, however, for spinning thread for knitting with, and fust rate thread it was, too." Cor. San Francisco Chronicle. A Bone la Tropical Africa. Several incidents of recent African ex ploration call to mind the 6toriesthat were told of the early travels of white men in this country. A white man on horseback is a very unusual spectacle in fVniAil A f s Ms4 4lin - 1 aVl BS?tvito nlnt n m,h f ,t,m; ,- 7L ! horses that Cortez introduced into Mex- ico. Hodister's journey was a short one. extending only from Landana, on the coast, to Boma,"on the Congo, but it led the traveler through a densely peopled region of which little is yet known. "My horse," he writes, "made a groat sensation. At sight of him all the women in the villages at first were pet rified with astonishment They stood motionless, with their eyes fixed on the strange animal. Corning to themselves af last, with then- hands raised above their heads, they raised their cry of 'Ho, ho, hof expressive of boundless as tonishment Some of them threw them selves upon the ground, smiting their breasts. Could it be. they said, that 6uch a great beast with a white man above him, was harmless? Such an ani mal must certainly eat black people. 44 When we convinced them at last that horse was harmless and that he was a very, useful animal they ventured nearer. They, had no eyes for anything but the horse. As" we passed through the Til laves manx nt tha inhabitants, followed us. me men turned back atteramile or so. but many of the women, who showed the greatest interest and curi osity, followed us for three miles. When my horse trotted they trotted, too. their eyes fixed on the beast Unmindful of where they were stepping they fell into' the furrows in the manioc fields, and tumbled down in the tall grass. They , kept pointing the animals out to the ba bies tliat were fastened on their backs. From some of the villages deputations came to me asking me to stop a while in their towns that they might have time to admire the prodigy." A whole menagerie of African curi osities would not excite so much atten tion in the civilized world as this horse aroused in a part of Africa where the zebra never roams and no species of the horse family is known. New York Sun. Severe Plainness of Tolstoi's Home On arriving at the house Count Tolstoi , showed me into a little room on the right ! liana siueoi iue entrance, "inere, saiu I he, "you can occupy that sleeping in ' the little library among the books, and I you can dress in the adjoining room ' where I dress." The dressing room was also the sitting room and work room of j tho count In the recess by the window j lay the shoemaking tools with which he used to employ himself; near the door was a washstand and mirror. "Perhaps vou would like to wash now," ' said be. ojiening tho waslistand. "You can wash here. When you are done you can empty the water out so," and. suit ing the action to the word, the count stepped out on the raised terrace in front of the house and flung tho dirty water out into the garden. This was done so naturally, and with such an evident un conscious confidence that it was the right thing thing to do. that you could not feel more than a momentary impres sion as to the incongruity of the novel ist, philosopher and nobleman, emptying his dirty water for the convenience of his guest 1 had been told, moreover. that the count's simplicity was more theatrical man real that he tared as a peasant and "did" his hair with a silver comb, and so forth. I saw nothing of this. There was certainly no silver plate or luxurious plenishings in the count's living rooms. Everything was severely plain and in harmonv with the desire of its-occupant to simplify his life. W. T. Stead in St Louis Republic. The Poet Craj'n Unhappy Life. Gray's was, in many ways, a melan choly "life. His vitality was low. and such happiness as he enjoyed was of a languid kind. Physically and emotion ally he w:is unfit to cope" with realities, and this though he never felt the touch of some of the most crushing evils that ; humanity sustains. He was never poor. he was never despised, be had many de ; voted friends; but on tho other hand he had a wretched and diseased constitution, he suffered from all ;ort3 of prostrating j complaints, from imaginary insolences, violent antipathies and want of sym pathy. Fame such as is rarely accorded ' to man came to him: he was accepted as without doubt the first of living Eng lish oets: and tie took no kind of pleas ure in it. He was horrified to find him self a celebrity: he refused to le poet laureate: he refused honorary degrees; when at Cambridge the young scholars are said to have left their dinners to see ! him as he passed in the street; it was a sincere pain to him. Cooper counter balanced his fits of unutterable melan- I choly by his - hours of tranquil serenity over teacups and muttins and warm coal fires, with the curtains drawn close. Johnson enlivened his boding depression by tyrannizing over an adoring circle. B'ut Gray's on! compensations were his friends. Any ono who knows (J ray's letters to and about his vounjr friend i Bonstetteten. knows how close and warm 1 it is possible lor friendship to lie. Ar I thur Benson in Macmillan's Magazine. Kentucky's Mountain Heautles. While tho mountain men are generally unprepossessing in apiiearance, havint; , thin frames, thin faces, thin scraggy leards and trembling open mouths, tho young women are fair. Their cheeks are red. their forms are plump and rounded, their limbs taper and their car riage is graceful. When they laugh, which they do frequently and heartilv, they show white teeth, in spite of tfie fact that they learn to snioko stoneware ' piKs with fisi. jiole stems at an age , that would compel a northern man to marry a very ;,oung lass if he would have a wife with a bearable breath. The forms of tho mountain girls are such as nature provides. There are thousands of them who never saw a corset, and who never will; neither do they bang their hair, but they are no less attractive, even to northern eyes, on account of either peculiarity, and if one doubts this, let him come down here and sec for himself. -Mouth of Pond P. O. (Ky.) Cor. New York Sun. Uetxayed. The minister's wife sat on the front porch mending the clothes of ono of her numerous progeny. A neighbor passing stopped in for a social chat. A large . work basket, half full of buttons, sat on the floor of the porch. After various re marks of a gossipy nature, the visitor said: "You seem to lie well supplied with buttons, Mrs. Goodman." "Yes; very well indeed." "3Iy gracious! If there ain't two of the same buttons mv husband had on his last winter suit. I'd know 'em any where." "Indeed!" said the minister's wife. calmly. "I am surprised to hear it, as all these buttons were found in the con- , tribution box. So I thought I might as ' well put them to some use, so I what! must you go? Well, be sure to call again." West Point Alliance. I The Common School. I in uie earnest days oi i:i seiiieuieui oi wis country, provision was maue ior the instruction of the children at the public cost, the colonies of Massachusetts and of Connecticut taking the lead in tli9 work, and the object being to give all children free instruction in reading, writing, grammar, elementary arithme tic ana geography. Wnen certain com missioners addressed questions on this subject to the governors of the colonies, ! the governor of Connecticut replied that the colony is laid out in maintain? free schoolsfor Uieoducation of ourchildren; I but Governor Berkeley, of Virginia, re- pueu, "1 thank uod there are no free schools nor printing, and I hope we sliall not liave these hundred years." Har per's Bazar. What It Oace Meant. A teacher writes: "One of my pupils who had been teaching during the sum mer came to me in despair over a sum, saying, I can't understand sympathizing fractions.' " (When we went to school, years and years ago, "sympathizing frac tions" meant broken candy. We under stood, but the teacher didn't Tines change, and we change with them;. American Missionary. Something Catehtns; The amateur photographer and the burglar have very taking nays, and there is undoubtedly something catching about the policeman and the fisherman. Har per's Bazar. An l?ngt'h physician claims a new way to benefit consumptives by giving them largely of ries aad whisky. FACTS ABOUT CATARRH. A DISAGREEABLE DISEASE WITH WHI3H MANY ARE AFFLICTED. , It Originates In Dlwarea Cause Not as Seriows as Often Represented Easily Cared Under Proper Conditions and Treatment. The term "catrrrh" is from two Greek words meaning "I flow." and has its seat in the mucous membranes. Speaking generally, the mucous mem brane is structurally the snmo as the skin. Its office is similar, being a lubri cator, excrctor and secrctor in the func tions of tho body. The diseaso catarrh is one wluch, as before remarked, finds its expression in the mucous membrane , and the extent of this tissue shows at ! once to what an extent tho diseaso can ' exist, as there is no part or locality of 1 mucous membrane which cannot and is ; not affected by the catarrhal condition. The regions of the mucous trait most prone to catarrh are those of tho nose, mouth, upper and lower pliarynx. or back part of the nose and mouth: the larynx, or voice organ: the bronchial tubes, the stomach, intestines and gall passages. These several regions give names to tho existing catarrh, as nasal or nose catarrh, bronchial catarrh, pha ryngial or laryngial catarrh, stomachic or intestinal catarrh. In these different regions we find the catarrh acute or chronic. PREDISPOSITION TO CATARRH. There seems to bo a certain predisposi tion or structural development of the in dividual prone to catarrhal attacks. These conditions are cliaracterized bv poverty of blood and nutrition, in wluch the walls of the capillary or minute blood vessels have a feeble tone or power of resistance.while the tissue through which such vessels pass are at the same time soft and yielding. This predisposition to catarrh is stronglv marked in scrofula and rickets, and as in bronchial catarrh, the morbid condition is a frequent at tendant on typhoid fever, measles. whoop ing cough "and smallpox. Effeminate habits also augment the liability to catarrhal affections. In a consideration of the "reasons why any one should suffer from a catarrh, acute or chronic, this condition of the system or susceptibility is the important and determining factor without its pres ence the existence of catarrh is an im possihilitv. As in consumption, so it i in catarrh, tliis pretlisposition is the re sult of original organization of the indi vidual, or can lie acquired. DANGERS GREATLY EXAGOERATEP. The flaming advertisement setting forth the horrors of catarrh is a familiar object, and our ideas of catarrh are more largely influenced by what we read than what we know. While some forms of catarrh are truly of grave consequence and should receive intelligent attention, if this was true in the majority of cases, probably a large part of tho population of the large cities would be, patients of some physician or specialist. The truth is, outside of the common cold, there are many forms of what may be termed mild catarrh, which are not in compatible with a state of health, and we can probably take tho majority of the fieople in any city and by examination demonstrate that they have, in fact, a mild catarrh. These people are subject to taking cold, easily get a cold, and it is somewhat stubborn. They are usually afflicted dming tho spring and fall; steady warm or cold weather is beneficial to them, and only when they have a cold are they much inconve nienced. Their general health is good, and influences brought to lear on the general health usually meet with a prompt effect on the catarrh. It is safe to say tnat, directly, a fatal result from catarrh is a bugbear and finds no foun dation in fact Tliat much suffering and disability is due to the graver or more chronic forms of the die:ise is true. The commonly received belief among the laity that chronic catarrh is the forerunner of consumption, and is only a question of time, is pure nonsense. If a consumption does follow a catarrh we arc safe in saying that the catarrh was consumption from the first, and tliat either the individual bad the con sumptive taint through hereditary influ ences, or his habits and surroundings de veloped it in him and the catarrh wa only the first local expression of the con sumption. In that lorni of catarrh in which tho disease extends to destruction of tissue and death of bone, wo must not saddle the result on the catarrh; while this unquestionably was the immediate exciting cause, there was present and ready for the development of the result a soil so bad and vicious, either by he redity or acquisition, that the death of tissue and bone was perfectly rational and legitimate. VALUABLE HINTS TO SUFFERERS. The results of a chronic catarrh are many and varied, and wldle marked by a high degree of persistency and stub bornness, relief can and should be at tained. This is to be accomplished not by local measures alone, but more espe cially by attacking the individual and relieving the condition which makes the development of the catarrh possible. Treatment locally might be pursued for a lifetime and nothing but relief of temporary character gained. Correct all that is wrong in habits, surroundings and occupation, and you gain a potent influence for recovery. One of the most common causes of catarrh, especially of the nose, is de fective nasal breathing or respiration. Again, the structural changes which usually develop in time from long con tinued and neglected catarrh are other reasons why catarrh is not readily re lieved. Notwithstanding these obsta cles,, relief can and should be attained. The most necessary factor i3 an intelli gent conception of" tho condition which is the foundation of the disease. Relief for this in most of the cases means relief from the disease. Cor. St Louis Globe Democrat The Production of Petroleum. In the Revue de Deux Mondes M. de Tchihatchef, whom it would probably be safe to take for a Russian, has a strik ing article on the sudden rise of Russia as a competitor of the United States in production of kerosene. Some abate ment may properly be made from his confident "predictions on account of the unconcealed partisan bias with whichJie writes; and liis figures leave something to be desired on the score of entire self consistency and recentness, but what he has to say "is nevertheless well worth the attention" of our oil producers. He makes it evident, in tho first place, that the only rival of the United states at present in "sight is Russia. Following a late French estimate of the world's produc tion of petroleum, putting the total at 100,000.000 hectoliters, it appears that the United States furnish 64,000,000, Russia 25,000.000, and all other countries only 11,000,000. In fact, while deposits of oil have been found in many parts of the earth as in Burmah, China, Persia, Egypt, New Zealand and most of the European countries their extent is so limited and difficult of operation so great that the race has narrowed down to the two contestants named. The principal oil fields of Russia are found within a limited territory. The famous wells are almost all situated in the pgwinanla of Aspheron, which runs out into the Caspian sea' at a point not far from tha aontnaxsLRuasian KrumHarv. tuucuistne port wnence snlpments are made. The great natural advantages of the Baku field are the compact terri tory to bo worked, the small depth of ' the" wells, and their great steadiness of I flow. The whole area worked does not , exceed I.IUU square miles, sec tins over I against the area estimated for the United OHUei illlt.tV BUIUUO 1IU1V3 BUU the richness of the Russian wells which produce at least one-third as much as those of the United States, will lie at once perceived. The depth of the wells runs from 120 to 540 feet. Ono famous well is but thirty three feet deep, vet out of it the oil jets up to tho height of 246 feet M. de Tchihatchef asserts also that the average flow in the Baku region is 8,000 pounds per da v.ns against 25,800 in tho United States.' New York Times. The Cars ef the Peppy. . The sallow complexion of the people of China, their emaciated forms- and languid movements attract our atten tion everywhere along the river. 1 do not see a beautiful faco or figure, nor a rosy cheek: a dead leaden color is on all faces, old and young, malo and fe male. I look at the broad, swift river, I feel the cool, clear breeze, I gaze at the high green hills, the flowing rivulets and sJie wide spreading trees overhanging the liamlets. Upon the mountain sides are houses and hundreds of workmen; approach those busy laborers and you will see this deathlike pallor on all faces. The climate seems the acme of perfec tiona long, pleasant summer, with a cool, agreeable autumn and bracing win ter; yet there is a want of energy and life among tho people. There is plenty of food, and of excellent quality for China rice, wheat, millet, peas, beans, corn, oils and fruits of many varieties all within the means of the humblest laborer. I enter a laro field near a hamlet, by the side of a luxuriant growth of ripen ing wheat. The field is clean, not a weed visible; but close together and four leet high stand stalks with large dry heads, orown and decaying now, for their bright flowers faded a month axo. These decaying stalks speak; they tell me why the death pallor is upon all faces, from the shriveled form of age to the liowlegged child sitting in the cottage door. O seductive viper, curse of mill ions! Who sliall dare to stand up in the presence of this fabt fading, degenerating people and say the evil is not widespread and fatal. Traverse the fairest portions of all the provinces; not tho cities alone, but the quiet, out of the way places are rJ.i satu rated and besmeared with the black paste, even to the gods. "Western China." , A Wedding at Telos. In Telos wedding presents are exceed ingly practical, and partakechielly of the nature of food to be consumed at the wedding festivities; and toward even ing on this day, when all the luiskets of grain had been gathered together, the voung men of the village distributed it to be ground in the hand milk, and for the space of two hours nothing was to be heard in the town save the monotonous grinding of the two atones, and the equally monotonous songs of the women engaged in this occupation. It was nearly dark when Peter, tho bridegroom, elect, was informed that all the tiour was ground, whereupon certain young men of his acquaintance, with flutes, bag pipes and lyres, escorted him from house to house to" collect this flour i:i large sacks. At each house they tarried for a little time, the instruments played and the young men and maidens danced a curi ous little dance, in which one man and one maid alone took iart. at the same time singing littlo love pongs as they move to and fro. Frcm houso to house they wandered, singing and daucL'ig all tho evening, and when the flour was. col lected they took it to Catliarine's hoiibe, where a table was spread, at which the women who had ground tho grain and the voung men who had accompanied tho bridegroom were entertained. A f tor this meal, and when all wore merry with wine, the dancing began again, and con tinued well into the night; it was very interesting and pretty to watch th inter laced Cretan dance, tho quirt, stately singing dances, and tho brilliant acro batic feats of the leader of tbe circular dance. Thus ended the great prcnuptial ceremony of "the greater flour." Gen tleman's Magazine. How ITlee Spread Disease. A contributor to Nouveaux Remedes cites a statement by a Brazilian physician to the effect that in hot countries flics aro the most active agents in the propa gation of yellow fever, and adds that M. Spilmann and 31. Hanstoutter attribut" the same role to those insects in spread ing pulmonary consumption. Wnen a fly has lingered on the tuberculous sputa, it is said, its intestine and excreta con tain the bacillus of tuberculosis, which it may deposit on the various articles in an apartment. Flies are credited al-:o with being the cliief instrument in the dissemination of Egyptian ophthalmia, and Koch is cited as of the opinion tliat they may play the same part in spread ing cnoiera. frame ivesne s. ine Little "Fads" of Dear Ones. It is, perhaps, well that pome 5itant traits mark us all it prevents v.-earisomo monotony. How affectionately lu we remember the little cliuracteii.-,tic habits and fancies of those whom we love, mure especially when our memories in these matters revert to tho dead. The little "fads," as we call them, of father and mother become sacred or. we hxtk l:: k upon them in our after years, and the quaint peculiarities of many an old friend are remembered lovingly when they themselves have passed away Want of Sleep Is sending thousands annually to the insane asylum ; and the dot-tor say this trouble is alarmingly on the incr-nM. The usual remedies, while they may give temporary relief, are likely to do more harm than good. What is needed is an Alterative and Blood-puriiier. Ayer's Sarsaporilla is iuconiparuhly tlie best. It correct.-, thoe di.-.turljanee.s iu the circulation which cause sleeplos ness, gives increased vitality, and re stores the nervous system to a healthful conditiou. Rev. T. G. A. Cote, agent of the Mas. Home Missionary Society, writes that his stomach was out of order, his sleep very often disturbed, and some im purity of the blood manifest ; but that a perfect cure was obtained by the ue of Ayer's Sarsaparilla. Frederick W. Pratt, 424 Washington street, Boston, writes: "My daughter was prostrated with nervous debility. Ayer's Sarsaparilla restored her to health." William F. Bowker, Erie. Pa., was cured of nervousness and sleeplessness by taking Ayer's Sarsaparilla for about two months, daring which time his weight increased over twenty pounds. Ayer's Sarsaparilla, PREPARED BV Dr. J. b. Ayer"& Co., Lowell, Mass. I tfetdbyaUDraggisu. Prise 1; sis betue,S& National Bank! -HAS AN- Authoriztd Capital of $250,000, A Surplus Fund of - $20,000, And the largest Pal is GaskCftfttal of nay bank is this part of tbe State. ty Deposit received aad interest paid or time deposits. CSDrafts on tbe price ipal citiea ia this coon. try aad Europe booifht aad sold. BrCoUeetioaa and all otaer bassnese dR ' prompt aad carsfal attesitioa. STOCKHOLDERS. A. ANDERSON. PreVt. J. H. GALLEY. Vice Pres't. . O.T.ROEN. Cashier O. ANDERSON. P. ANDERSON. JACOB URE1SEN. HENRY-KAOAT& JOHN J. SULLIVAN. W. A. McALUSTfiL Apra-TJStf gusiiuss fjuis. T ft.KlEJAN, DEUTCHER ADVOKAT, Office oTer Colombas State Bank, Colara bus, Nebraska. 2 "fJlCHARD CUNNINGHAM. Attorney and'CauRsellar at Law. Office in Commercial Bank Bnildiaa; Colnm bns. Neb. All lepd bnsineea promptly,, ac curately and carefully attended to. lSaog-y UlrLlYAi A KEEBEat, ATTORNEYS AT LAW;. Office over First National Bank, Columbus, Nebraska. 50-tf T MMACFABLANIft. ATTORSEY t SOTARY PUBLIC. tOffice oxer First National Bank. Colum-' bus, Nebraska. TOH E1J8B9E;, COUXTY SURVEYOR. 8S Parties desiring sunrejins; done can ad drats me at Columbns, Neb., or call at my office in I ourt House. SmaytDt-y T J. CatAMKK, CO. SUP'T PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 1 will lie in my office in tli Court House, the third Sat unlay of t-nch month for the examina tion of applicants for teachers' certificates, aad for th transaction of other school business. ljan8H lTALCJBtAF MatOS., DRAY and EXPRESSMEN. Light and heavy haolinir. Goods handled with care. Headquarters at J. P. Becker A Co.'s office. Telephone. 33 and 34. 30mar87y FAUBLE 4 BRADSHAW. ISucctsxors to Fauble tt Btuhell), BRICK MAKEES ! KfContmctors and builders will rind our brick firer-clans aud offered at renMonable rates. We are also prepared to do all kind of brick work. Iftinaytfm ja K. TURifER ft CO., Proprietors and Publishers of the C3L73UU3 JOraSAL Mi tis SIB. fAMCT JQVUUL; strict!) in advance. Family Jocbnal, $1.0u a jiiii w. a. mcallister. w. m. cornelius. McAllister cobieijus ATTORNEYS AT JLtllf. Columboe. Nbb. Office up stairs over Ernst & Schwar 'a store oa Eleventh street. - U?Bimy88 D' . J. HAS. W ,l. Y, (Deuttehrr Arzt.) PHYSICIAN and SURGEON, Columbus, Neb. eye Diseases a specialty. OKiw Telephone: Eleventh Street. Office No. : Residence No.97. 22mar87 JOHN G. HIGGINS. C. J. GARLOW. HIGGDrSAOUtLOW, ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, Specialty made of Collections by C. J. Garlow. 31-m RCBOYD, ' jCANCFAcrcinca or Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware ! Job-Work, Eoofinr asd Oattar ing a Specialty. Shop on 13th street. Krause Bro.'s old stand on Thirteenth street. Sitf nrriv SEA WQrfDERS exist in BjSjUioodmiius oi lonns. Dot are sur- tnousanas oi forms, but are sur- alljbl Those who are in need of profitable work that can be done while living at home should at once send their address to Hallett A Co.. Portland, Maine, and receive free, full in formation how either sex. of all -agee, can earn from $5 to 25 per day and upwards wherever they live. Y oa are started free. Capital not re quired. Some have made over $50 in a single day at this work. 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Capital not needed; you are started free. Cut thisoutand return to oa and we will send you freeomething of great value and im portance to you. that will start jou in business, which will bring yon in more money right away. than anything else in the world. Grand out fit free. Address True A Co.. Augusta, Me. dec28 prlPArU 'as11lja?a41BQlllra ni l book of 10S nages. . The best book for aa .advertiser te con sult, be be expert lenced or otherwise. Itcoiitiitsui hstsol newsp srjarjers and estimates -ftIu;cr-!tofalvertisiiivr.Thea(lVertiserwhO wants to speed one dollar, finds ia It the In formation he requires, while fornim who will Invest one hundred tbeusanC dollars la ad vertising, a scheme, is indicated which will meet his every requirement, or con eealadie todoobrsiighickn2.seasiItarrmttiatbgcor rttponderur. U editions have bees Issued. Sent, post-paid, to any address for 10 caats. Write to GEO. P. ROvTEIX CO., NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING BC7KKAU. ossoc sat,ntortnHnsgq.), jrw York.
