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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (June 13, 1888)
fflri 0nrral. i istt .." . .. . ifcrv ' . -jsm. VOL. XIX.-NO. 8. COLTJMBUS, NEB., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 13, 1888. WHOLE NO. 944. ttamlra 1 w " r e T COLUMBUS STATE BANK. ('OIiUHBUS, NEI M I. Cash Capital $75,000. DIRECTORS: LEANDER GERHARD. Pres't. GEO. W. HULST, Vice. Pres't. JULIUS A. REED. R. II. 1IENKY. J. E. TASivEU, Cashier. mad KxchiiBife. CellectleBM I'rewpily IWnde o All PolMtN. ry tereMt Time l-w- ItM. 271 C01IERC1 HI OF- COLUMBUS, NEB. CAPITAL STOCK, $50,000. OFFICERS: C. II. SHELDON, Rres't. W. A. MoALLlSTER. Vice Pre'. ROBERT UHLIU. Cashier. DANIEL SCHRAM. Ass't Ciwli. DIRErrORS: J. P. IIWKEli. II. r. H. OEHLRICH. JONAS WELCH. CARL RELNlvh, H. M. W1NSLOW. TJiIh Hank transacts n regular Hanking Busi ness, will allow intend on time debits, make collections, l.-.iy r sell exchange on United States nnd Europe, and buy and sell nailable becuritie. TtWaall be llcuod to receive your lmsiue--. W solicit yonr patronage. We. guarantee satis faction in nil business intrusted in our care. dec2S-S7 FOR THE CALL ON- A.&M.TURNER Or . W. KIBIJ'K, Travel ! Saletimaa. S-These organs are first -clats iu every par ticular, and so guaranteed. SCMFFROTH ft PLITH, DEALF.lls IX WIND MILLS, AND PUMPS. Buckeye Mower, combined, Self Binder, wire or twine. Praps Repaired on short notice t-One door wit of Hf iutz's Drue Store.lUh re, Columbus. Neb. 1 nov!-tf street. HENRY &ASS. lTltf "DERT-AJKlEIl ! COFFINS AND METALLIC CASES AND DBALKR IN rarnltnr, Chairs, Bedsteads, Bu- reams, Tables, Safes. Lounges, c. Picture Frames and Mouldings. fWEepairing of all kinds of Uphol stery Goods. -tf COLUMBUS. NEBRASKA. PATENTS Caveat and Trad Mark obtained, and ; lPat-tbarineHv,ndn-ted for MODERATE FEES. OUR OFFICE IS OFFOSITE U. S. PATENT OFVJCE." We nai e uo sul-agencies, all basinets dimeu hence we can. traas.vt patent business ia KStime and at LESS COST than those remote from Washington. . . Bcssl'aMMfeL drawing, 01 photo, -with descrip tion. " W advise" if patentable or not, fn of charg. Our fe not due till patent is soured. A book, "How to Obtain Patent." with refer ences to actual clients, in your state, county or Opposite Patent Office, Washington, D. C. ""BJ8B"&3"jwt9P WESTERN COTTAGE ORGAN -S8fl5--v EFFECTS OF FKEE TRADE. GREAT INDUSTRIES THAT WOULD BE RUINED BY THE MILLS BILL. Knitted Goods Manufacturer Unanimously Opioiiel to lowering the Tariff Why u Cotton Bltuiufacturer Favors It Ameri can Wages In Dancer. Cohoes. N. Y.. is tho greatest knitted goods center hi the world. Three-fifths of the knitted goods of America are mado there. The largest cotton mill in the world is ulso there one of seven large mills owned by the Harmony company. Democratic dispatches have recently been tent throughout the country stating that Cohoes manufacturers are almost solid for Cleveland and "tariff reform," as rep resented in tho Mills bilL The Albany Express sent a reporter there to learn the truth. Ho interviewed Republicans and Democrats at random and found one man iu favor of Cleveland and tho Mills bill. That man was Hon. D. J. Johnston, su perintendunt for tho Harmony company. Ho is English born and was brought up at Cohoes by his English father with Eng lish ideas, who uses English machinery to a largo extent in tho Harmony mills, of which ho is tho general manager, and t which his son will boon succeed, as ho is over 80 years old. Tho reasons given for Mr Johnston favoring tho Mills bill is that ho hopes to reduce the wages of the .1.000 Harmony operatives to tho English level, wliich will enable him to turn out better goods at tho same cost as English goods, and thus throw tho vast output of tho Harmony mills into tho market of tho world. This would bo good for tho Harmony company, but bad for tho opera tives. Hon. William E. Thorn, secretary of the company, is strongly opposed to tho Mills bill. Tho standing of Commodoro A. J. Root, who controls tho most perfect knitting mill in the world, was recently given in theso columns. On tho same platform stand nearly all tho other knitted goods manufacturers of both parties, with whom, as with all others, self preservation is tho first law, and who see nothing but ruin to a great indus try and the reduction of a now prosper ous community of operatives to btorvation rates, sis a lesult of tho adoption of tho Mills bill. Tho Industry Buffered a long period of uncertainty in 181 from the effect of Cleveland's election. Many orders were canceled and many moro withheld, and it was a desperate struggle with some of tho manufacturers to tido over tho season of depression. A year having passed and nothing having been dono to disturb the existing tariff laws, confidence was regained. Tho market having thus been entirely cleared a genu iuo boom set in and has continued with varying energy ever since. That de pression resulted simply from a. fear of what might be and it taught a les son that will not soon be forgotten. If such a depression resulted from a mere possibility, what will be tho result of reality? Even now the business suffer from the uncertainty and a dull summer is anticipated. Experience is a dear but a thorough teacher. There is no doubt about tho standing of Cohoes on the tariff question. No more is thero of tho stand ing of Philadelphia. Amsterdam and Lit tie Falls. The knitted goods industry throughout tho country may bo set down as solid for protection first, last and al ways. VOICE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. Manufacturing Democrat Kevolt at Tree Trado and Will Vote Against It. As has been well known for somo timo the Democracy of this state are not in ac cord on the question of the tariff. Not a few Democrats are cxtensivo manufac turers, and have prospered in business under the laws of tariff protection. Sine tho Democratic party come out practically for free trade there has been no little curiosity on tho part of tho public to learn what political position would bo taken by members of their party engaged iu certain lines of manufacturing. Your correspond ent has proof which no ono will question that tho tariff issue has already begun to sow tho seeds of dissension in tho Demo cratic ranks in New Hampshire. This proof comes from men of the highest executive and business character. Mr. Charles A. Busiel. of Laconia, a wealthy hosiery manufacturer and a gentleman high in the councils of the Democratic party, has stated to your representative that he shall not vote for the re-election of Cleveland on a platform embodying tho views of the president's tariff message and of tho Mills bill in congress. Mr. Busiel is a member of tho Democratic state committee and one of tho executive committee of ten. and has long been regarded as ono of tho ablest managers in his party. Ho is also a director of the Boston, Concord and Montreal railroad and president of tho Lake Shore corporation, Vlrich will soon break ground for a lino from the Weirs or Tilton to Alton bay. Mr. John T., Charles A. Busiel's brother, a life long Democrat and partner with him in tho hosiery business, will not only refuse to support Cleveland for ro-electlon but is writing and publishing articles ad vocating tho continuance of the present laws governing the tariff on everything entering into not only woolen but cotton manufacturing. Tho defection of such men as the Busiel brothers will produce a decided seusationJin the Democratic party, and it is very probable that they will not be alone among the Democratic manufacturers in this state in assuming their present political position. Person all v theso gentlemen are very popular and influential, and are widely known in con nection with their extensive business and political relations. Telegraphic Dispatch from Concord. ANOTHER INDUSTRY IN DANGER.' Free Trade Means Death to tho Glora Trade of Fulton County, 3f. V. Johnstown and Gloversville, in New York, are tho seat of an immenso glove and mitten manufacture. It supports a branch railroad, several banks, many merchants, and very many supplementary industries. The gloves and mittens, comprising every kind worn by women and men, are cut into shapes in "shops. Previously the skins and pelts of which, they are mado are tanned, dressed and dyed. The glove . and mitten parts are sewed partly by ma chinery in shops, principally by tno hands of women. After the bouse work is dono in neuly every home in Johnstown and Gloversville, and on every farm for miles and miles around, women, old and young, "sew on leather," as it is phrased. The aggregate of earnings from this sewing of gloves and mittens is immense. It buys luxu ries, furnishes independence and gives secure life to thousands of women and children. The sight of tho streets of Johnstown on pleasant evenings after shop time is exceptionally interesting. Many of the girls in the glove factories are among! the handsomest women in America. Their business is clean and dainty. It leaves no trade mark on body or souL The la dies of the old and historic families of Johnstown are not dressed .as. are these worsing gins, cnx, race ana solid jew elry are the rule with them. Cotton dresses denote either larger uses at home for earnings, or leas wages by reason of less skill and quickness. Handsomely dressed, liberally fed, well housed, well companioned and well guarded, these beautiful girls make a superb flower gar den out of Johnstown's streets, filling them with life, color and grace. Where will they be a year after the downward steps of free trade have been taken? To smash the tariff will surely smash the glovo and mitten business of Fulton county; dosing its tanneries, mills, shops and dye works; driving all those girls back to their fathers' farms; cutting off the cash income of every mother, grandmother and aunt in the farmhouses of a neighborhood circle twenty-five miles in diameter; damaging or driving out of business every merchant and every trade and calling supple mentary to this hive of industry. What a detestable act such destruction of industries would be! How mischievous Is the legislation that would take from daughters and mothers the wages that make the lives of tho aged comfortable and free, and enable the girls to live and dress like Ameriean queens, which they are! New York. Sun DraJl An Allentown for Every Sowden. It is well at times for us to think seri ously of the promises that have been made by thoso who hold high positions. At this time tho gushing statements con tained in certain letters which our chief executive wrote several years ago deserve special attention. It is almost impossible for an honest man to think of those much quoted letters without emotions of anger and disgust. Tho hypocrisy of President Cleveland in his attitude toward civil ser vice reform needs no discussion. His apostasy, too, has become an accepted fact, and has no defenders except among spoilsmen of the Democratic party. His cant is now winked at by men of the stamp of George William Curtis, in then eagerness to carry out the great crusade for free trado, as inaugurated by Cleve land in Ms December message. Elected, as ho was, on a straddle plat form, which advocated free trade in the south and protection in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, tho president comes out boldly in a message designed to ruin tho manufacturing interests of our country. If Randall had not guaranteed protection in the three doubtful states above named Cleveland would have been easily defeated. He was elected by false promises, and is himself tho embodiment of such false promises. And now his official organ.The Washington Post, which speaks by the card, comes out in a pointed editorial, written for tfee information of those who dare to oppose Mr. Cleveland's free trade views, and says: "There is an Allentown for every Sow den." Tho key to this seeming enigma may bo easily given. Mr. Sowden is a Erotectionist, or Randall Democrat an one3t man who refused to vote as the Cleveland - Mills - Carlisle combination wished on the Mills bill, but who pre ferred to obey tho wishes of the experi enced farmer, mechanic and manufacturer of his district in Pennsylvania. In order to punish him for his independence and to try to whip him into their views Gro ver Cleveland vetoes a bill, which h:is passed the house and senate, appropriating $100,000 for a public building in Allentown, a prominent city in Sowden's district, and then exultantly and brutally gives his reasons for this action in his homo organ. Mean while towns in the south of one-fourth the population and one-twentieth tho value and commercial importance of Al lentown have had buildings given them to any extent which may have been asked for, while against such appropriations no veto power has been used. Thxs partiality in the matter of appro priation is tho greatest outrage that the American public has been called upon to endure for many years. What presump tion it is for a man of tho limited informa tion of Cleveland to announce his inten tion to compel tho representatives of tho pcoplo to adopt his views! Nor is this alL His appointees and henchmen ore invad ing Democratic congressional districts and are attempting by threats to thwart tho will of the people They say: "No patronage for your representative unless he shall voto for the Mills bill" in other words, for free trado. Who should know what is best for the business interests tho farmer, tho miner, tho iron worker, the wookworker and the cotton and woolen manufacturer, or tho wise ex-sheriff of Buffalo, who has never had a particle of business experience? No moro flagrant abuse of power has ever been witnessed by tho voters of our coun try, and they will not tamely submit to such bulldozing methods many days. Tho day of judgment draweth near. New Vrtrt Proaa RESULT OF DEMOCRATIC RULE. Financial Standing of the Government la I8GO. Frequent inquiries are now being mado as to the financial standing of the govern ment and the rate of interest on govern ment loans in 18G0, when the Republican party came into power and Democracy's rule was broken. Tho answer is best given hi a speech by Hon. William D. Kelluy That part relating to the finan cial standing of the government and the rate oL interest demanded by banks and capitalists on loans to the government is here given: Tho government itself was without means and without credit. Toward the close of tho year it advertised for a loon of $5,000,000. Forty bids were mado. Four were mado at different rates by the Farmers' Bank, of Lancaster, Pa., a bank at the home of the then president of the United States, and which was in suspen sion, but while it would not redeem a dol lar of its paper, proposed to lend tho gov ernment $35,000 at the modest rate of 8, 8 1-2, 0 and 10 per cent, interest in gold. No foreign houso or institution showed its willingness to invest any capital In the loans of tho United States In that pros perous year, I860, and the rates of inter est at which offers were nude range from 7 per cent, in gold to 86 per cent. Here is a statement of tho several bids, from The Philadelphia Press. Dec. 29. 1860: Or Per rt Am'nt. cent. Thomas J. Warren, New York 160,000 as Field & McLane, New York. 83,000 13 Field & McLane, New York. 89,000 13 Field & McLane. New York. 5,000 80 John Barnes, Washington, D.O... 8,500 06 John T. Wright, New York 4,000 07 James R. Langdon, Vermont 5,000 09$ James R, Longdon, Vermont 5,000 10& A. Townsend. cash'r N. Haven b'k. 10,000 03 A. Townsend, cash'r N. Ham b'k, 6,000 06$ Samuel Debte, New York 4,000 08 William E. Brown, New York 1,000 07 William E. Brown. New York L500 03 J. F. Huntingdon, New York 80.000 18 J. F. Huntingdon, New York 2..000 S4 Back of Commerce, N. Y., self sad others 1,500,000 13 L. M. Swann, New York 7,000 03 Farmers' Bank, Lancaster. Pa .... 10,000 18 Farmers' Bask, Lancaster. Pa 8,000 0$j Fanners' Bank, Lancaster. Pa...- 10,000 09 Fanners' Bank, Lancaster, Pa...- 10,000 09 Farmers' Bank, Lancaster, Pa 10,000 10 R.L.t A. Stewart. New York 11000 12 B.L.& A. Stewart, New York 60,000 12 B.L.& A. Stewart, New York.. 56,000 12 Edward J. King, New York 6,000 13 Edward J. Kins;, New York... ....$ B.800 12 Field & McLane, New York 10.000 80 Held & McLane, New York 70,000 24 C. L Carton, New York 80,000 23 George S. BUhop, New York. 10,000 09 GeorgeS. Bishop. New York. 20,000 10 F. P. James Co., New York 25,000 12 F. P. James Co., New York 25,000 15 F. P. James & Co., New York 25,000 18 F.P.James ft Co., New York 25,009 21 F. P. Janes Co., New York-. 300,080 .-24' George H. Norman. 20,000 OStf Sarre&Bro 8,000 10 Levi Hashronck.. ..'.:'- - 2,000 08 WuUaaB.61ooHa.. -.. ajDOO 10M DEMOCRACY'S FAVORITE WEAPON. .TrgFria wtiir 7B2jSSl'lKJBKaaVwt4 Freebooter Mills' attempt to assassin' eto the American workingman. GOOD OLD FREE TRADE. When Calico Was t a Yard and m FotuMl of Sugar Cost Found of Batter. A lady of Providence, R. L, tho wife of a retired admiral, furnishes the following statement to Tho New York Press in re gard to prices in the days of English free trade with the United States: Forty years ago. when I was a young lady, I remember what prices we had t pay for the things we wore and the cloth we used. Wo paid $1 a yard for Frenck calico, and it was considered then quite a dressy article for young ladies to wear, too. We bought English cambric foi sevonty-fivo cents a yard, and I well re member that when wo were hemming out handkerchiefs we used to break out needles by the dozen, there was so much lime In the goods. But wo had to take what the English and French would send us, and we had to pay for it pretty much whatever they were disposed to ask for IL It seems to mo very straugo that any one who has lived long enough to be able to compare those times with theso should he a free trader. Those were tho days, also, when the fanner had very little market for his pro duce. It took two dozen eggs or a pound of butter to buy a pound of sugar, and tea and coffee were too expensive to be In dulged in by those who had mortgages upon their farms. One calico dress a year was the extreme of indulgence by the farmer's wife; the family depended for clothing upon tho labor of her hands in spinning and weaving wool and flax. No farmer kept a larger number of sheep than was needed to supply tho family wool and mutton, for there was abso lutely no market for wooL In those days wheat brought 75 cents a bushel, corn SO cents and oats 20 to 25 cents, the sole market for the latter being tho canal. Those were tho days of free trade. There were no great manufacturing cities to consume tho products of tho farm and the only salablo crop was wheat, which could be exported. England had a mo nopoly of our trade, and thero was no in ducement to the capitalist to invest it manufactures, or to inventive genius to devise labor saving machinery. Something to Think About. Some thoughtful, conscientious mem bers of the Democratic patty, who by ex perience and observation are protection ists, have leen inclined to accept tho freo trado tendencies of the present adminis tration because they come from tha highest Democratic sources. Perhaps some young men who have not yet voted are inclined to accept the free trado doc trine on the ground that it is espoused by a great party, and therefore cannot be so utterly destructive of American interests as Republicans assert it to be. Let us remind these conservative men, old and young, of the history of the Dem ocratic party. That party, while it has at all times included in its membership many able, conscientious citizens, has been from its birth the party of nullifi cation, negation, obstruction or retro gression. It has been harmless only when no great issues were pending or when it lias been out of power. It defended slavery and fought in its defense. It pro posed nullification fifty years ago, based on the same freo trado heresy wliich bids fair to destroy tho Democracy today. When successively nullification was overthrown, slavery defeated and tho doctrine of secession overcome, tho Democracy still clung to its obstructive tactics. It opposed bitterly and earnestly the resumption of specie payments. From its ranks were recruited the rag money party or greenbackers, tho silver infla tionists, tho opponents of tho national banking system, the safest and best sys tem that human wisdom ever devised. All theso things were wrong, and yet they had the support of the Democracy. Resolutions wero adopted at state and na tional Democratic conventions, attended by men of prominence, intelligence and integrity, lending aid and encouragement to these obstructive tactics and refusing to condemn end oppose them. The De mocracy was wrong then. It is wrong In its freo trade attitudo now. Ihat attitudo is based upon the demands of the solid south, tho original homo of freo trade, of nullifica tion, of slavery and secession; the same south wliich when it organized the so called "Confederate" government fixed in its constitution a fundamental provision forever forbidding tho levying of a tariff upon imported goods. Can conscientious, progressive Demo crats who have voted with tho party when it was right, continue to voto with it when it is wrong? Can young men, en tering upon public lifo, find anything in the record of such a party that arouses their enthusiasm, awakens their ambition, or invites their support? Albany Jour nal. Certain Chaaa-ea. New York. Now Jersey and Connecticut will make the next president. It is ad mitted. President Cleveland's slender pluralities 1.000 in New York, 1,200 in Connecticut and 4,000 in New Jersey were obtained upon certain pretenses wliich cannot now deceive. When men talk of the difficulty of carrying theso states for this or that Republican candi date, they are apt to forget vital facts. The chances for the future can be meas ured only by going back to the situation In 1884. Does any reasonable man doubt that Mr. Cleveland would hare been defeated In 1884 if his platform then had been the message he sent to congress last Decem ber? Let all possible allowance be made for the tremendous power of party disci pline and party feeling, and for the adroit ness with which the industrial import of that message can be misrepresented; let it be granted that a larger number of freo traders would in that ease have been hot in his favor. Is it not the fact that, in all probability, at least 50,000 votes which he then received in these three states would have been given to his opponents? Does any reasonable man doubt that belief in Mr. Cleveland as a genuine civil service reformer influenced a larg er number of votes in 1884 than turned the scale in these three states? Then it was his formal pledge that officials should not be removed except for cause. Now he has turned out 90,000 or more for no other cause than that they were Republicans. Then he publicly de clared that it was an intolerable abuse to have parties controlled and elections influ enced by public servants at the beck of the appointing power. Now his hired servants, selected to beat down the will of. the people and to impose his own will upon his party, swarm at every Demo cratic convention, slaughter Democratic congressmen who respect' the will of con stituents rather than Mr. Cleveland's will, and write the platforms of the party. What would have been the result In 1884 had-it been known that President Qavalanii In, thesa.vttaL resnects WIS dfc liberateiy dcce'ivuig the poopier vvouia there not have been a tremendous revul sion of public opinion against tho candi date who was then represented as a straightforward, blunt, honest and prac tical reformer? What would have been the result had it been known that Mr. Tildcn would bo snubbed, his friends driven out of place, his financial coun sels treated with contempt, tho cur rency expanded $150,000,000, and more profligate appropriations made and approved than liad ever been made by the worst of Republican congresses? How many Union veterans would have sup ported Mr. Cleveland in 1884 if they had foreseen his choice of Confederates and copperheads for high honors, his order to surrender rebel flags, mid his insulting vetoes of pension bills? Ho wa3 a candi date without a record, and men suspected that ono who had dono nothing for the Uuiou in time of war could hardly be a citizen of passionato loyalty. But what welcome would he have received at loyal hands if all had theu been known which Is known now? Had Samuel J. Tilden. Horatio Sey mour, Daniel Manning, been dead in 1884, had Mr. Randall and Senator McPherson been ostracized by their party as disloyal to its chief, what would have 'been tho re sult? These ao exceedingly practical questions for Republicans to consider when they talk of tho prospects for 1888. Do they really think that Mr. Cleveland's courso has mado him stronger in tho doubtful states? New York Trib une. Tho Voice of Uuiled Labo-. Mr. Joseph D. Weeks, general secretary of tho American Protectivo league. ba received the following lotter: Natioxai. Lodge, Amalgamated Associatiox or Icon and Steel Workers OF THE llKITKO STATES, (j'im.!ul Office, PnrsBCHu. la.. May KJ. 18S8. Joseph D. Weeks. Vm., Secretary Americau Tro- lectitti Tariff League. New York: DcAa Sih Herein flud New York draft for ona hundred (5100) dollars, a ablo to our treasurer, Chester GrUuold. This is in payment of our entrance fee as nn organization to your league. At the quarterl meeting of our board of trustees held May 5 they decided to Join. Hoping that much Rood will result therefrom, I am. Yours truly, Seal. Wm. Martin, Secretary. The Mask Is Torn Away. There is no longer any pretcuso in any quarter, so far as wo can ascertain, that Mr. Cleveland is a civil service reformer. The masquerado is over. It is no transient injury that tho reform has received from this paltering and final betrayal on tho part of its former friends. But it is a great thiuy that tho reign of cant and hypocrisy is ended and that the party which has accomplished practically all that has ever been accomplished for civil service reform can at last meet faco to faco. and under circumstances which will not permit the issue to be obscured, the party of the spoils. Boston Advertiser. Nothing- but Words. After all the fine words about reform and non-partisanship wo find the civil servico today administered by Democrats ' for tho promotion of party ends. Under President Arthur, with all his instincts as a trained politician, and with no such pledges as those of his successor, there was not as much political activity on the part of tho officeholders to further his ambition to remain in offico as thero Is today on behalf of President Cleveland. Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. How It Works. An iron worker in Sharon, Pa., has re ceived a cablegram from Pontypool, Wales, apprising him that ten sheet mills and 132 puddling furnaces oro about to start at that place, and asking him to re turn to take chargo of one of tho depart ments. A letter from a friend brings tho information that tho greatest activity prevails there over tho probable passage of tho Mills bill, and that it is ou tho strength of such a probability that mills idle for a long period ore about to resume Mr. Scott's Campaign Contribution. Congressman Scott, of Pennsylvania. Is not much of an orator, but ho is so well pleased with his last free trade speech that ho has given the public printer an order for 400,000 copies of it in pamphlet form, and has given notice that each Democratic member of the house can have 1,500 and each Democratic senator tf.000 for distribution. It costs him $3,000, but ho can make that up by issuing a few moro store orders to his underpaid coal miucit). Indianapolis Journal. Truth at Last. The New Orleans Pelican says that "Louisana is a state in which freo speech, free elections and a fair count are un known " This is testimony right from headquarters, and it agrees with the record. IK-Iroit Tribune. An Kxtreuiely Poor Excuse. George William Curtis, who presided r tho meeting of the New York Civil Servi I Reform association, in his speech fell I .. i upon the old and now timo worn nniii..I ! of excusing Mr. Cleveland for his fail tiro i t. iiTtf nut. f fiA vfkffirrit .Irainroa nttifln nnt. ? vious to his election and Inauguration. That excuse is that he has not received tho support of his party Theso reform ers might have know:, and doubtless did know before Mr. Cleveland's election, that uo efforts In the direction of civil service reform would receive any more support from his party than it would be compelled to give. Philadelphia Press. Referring to tho Cut. Many words, phrases and sayings refer to the cat. This namo is applied to several things besides the felis. It means a short, stumpy boat (Whittiugtou's cat was a cat boat), a nine pronged lash and tackle, used to hoist the anchor on board ships. The "cat head" is the beam to which the anchor is hoisted, the cat boat a rope used near it. A "cat's noso" is a cold north east wind; "cats' paws" are flurries on tho water caused by tho wind, and a "cat skin" a larger patch. There is a Hungarian proverb that a cat does not die in the water, hence its paws disturb tho surface. Certain ropes on board ship are named "cat fall." "cat tail." "catharpin." and a "cats' paw" is also a kink in a rope. There is the "cat hook." the "cat block." and weak tea Is called "cat lap," and a short sleep a "cat nap." A hole In tho ship's quarter, through which hawsers pass, is a "cat hole," and the French ap ply the same name to the "lubber hole" in tho top F. S. Bassett in Globe-Democrat. The Whlrllgic or Time. The Mugwumps during President Cleve land's first term of office devoted most of their time to complimenting him; the second year to criticising him; tho third year to distrusting him, and the fourth year to damning him with faint praise. He has been the most pretentious hypo crite the prolific Democratic party has ever bred. Albany Journal. Syrup of Figs Is Nature's own true laxative. It is tin most easily taken, and the most effective remedy known to Cleanse the Syete.n when Bilious or Costive; to dispel HeaJ aches, Colds and Fevers; to cure Habit ual Constipation, Indigestion, Piles, et ;. Manufactured only by the California Fig Syrup Company, San Francisco, Cal. For eala only by Dowty 4 Becher. 27-y FARM, FIELD AND GARDEN. PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES ON EVERY DAY SUBJECTS. The Formation of Cow's Milk When tha Quantity Is Largest and the Quality la Itott Kftecta of Albuminoid Food on Milk. Numbered with subjects of widespread Interest reported upon in a bulletin issued by the Kentucky agricultural experiment station at Lexington is that of milk Foi lowing are some of the statements mado therein The formation of milk is Intimately con nected with the reproductive powers The secretion of milk is dependent upon the activity of the mammary glands, and these are either under the direct influencoof the breeding organs or else they sympathize very closely with them. Those animals which breed with the least difficulty yield the best supplies of milk and produce the most healthy and vigorous off spring It must bo admitted that, how ever much we have Improved the symmetry and feeding power of stock, we have suffered them to deteriorate in value as breeding animals by the decrease of their milking capabilities. The milk pro ducing qualities of the meat producing breeds have been too generally neglected, and many breeders have been led to be lievo that the tendency to lay on fat is directly antagonistic to tho secretion of milk, and that there is an incompatibility in the active exercise of the two func tions. If the attention of tho breeders is directed exclusively to the development of either of these functions, tho effect will be to diminish the activity of the other Whero a combination of tho two quantities is tho object, ono of them should be made the leading character, by selections in reference to form in accord anco with tho law of correlation, while the other or secondary quality is secured through the Influence of modified habits that are ingrafted upon the typical char acteristics of the leading quality. It is generally conceded that: (a) Tho quantity and quality of the milk improves as the ago of tho cow ad vances. (b) That toward the end of the period of lactation, although the quantity of milk becomes less, it improves on tho whole in quality. (c) That tho milk given in tho evening is. as a rule, richer than that given in tho morning (d) Highly albuminous fodder produces tho liighest yield of milk. Addition of albuminoid matter to tho food increases the amount of fat in tho milk. INFLUENCE OF STOCK ON GRAFT. Effect of Pollen on Fruit the Kauie Year the Fruit Is Produced. At a late meeting of the Massachusetts Horticultural society the question of the Influence of Btock on graft, or vice versa, was discussed. Mr 0. B Uodnen said that we attribute certain effects to tho iu fluence of the stock on the graft, or vice versa, but we really know little of it We can enlarge small pears like the Seckel and Dana's Uovey by grafting them on vigorous stocks. It is well known to nurserymen that fruit trees of different varieties vary In the roots, so that some varieties can be identified by the roots, though the trees are grafted, and this difference Is caused by the returning sap. He had seen Baldwin apples half or two thirds covered with russet, which ho at tributes to the pollen of russet apples growing near. But this Influence or that of the stock on the scion does not extend so far as to produce new varieties, for if it preponderated we should have lost tho types of varieties which aro well known to bo unchanged after grafting for many years. J. H. Woolford had known a plain va riety of abutilon grafted with the vari egated, to produce variegated shoots three feet below the graft, forming a new va riety, which was perpetuated. He thought the mutual influence of stock and graft was generally conceded. A vigorous graft iuserted in a weak stock will have its vigor lessened. J W. Manning said that either the red or yellow Siberian crab or tho Tetofsky tipple, when grafted on common stocks, would cause them to produce immense roots. The subject suggests the Influence of the pollen on tho fruit the same year that the fruit is produced. In a discussion by the Michigan Horticultural society, it was generally agreed by those who took part in it that such au inuuenco had been, sometimes at least, observed Ono man said that his Manchester strawberries (a istillate variety) were so much influenced n form by tho Sharpless growing near that he sold them for Sharpless Squashes and other vegetables which mix do not generally show the effect the same year. If the views entertained by tho Michigan cultivators in regard to the strawberry are correct It shows tho importance of care in planting. Professor Bailey, of Michigan, told the speaker that culti vators there had many illustrations of this effect, but he did not go quite so far in his belief hi it as some did. W. IL Hunt, of the Massachusetts so ciety, had grown strawberries for many years, and had used staniiuate to fertilize pistillate varieties, among other stand nate varieties of tho Sharpless, but he did not think he could detect its influence. He saw no change hi tho Manchester. Ho thinks there is some Influence, but that Its extent has been much exaggerated. He had had many instances whero corn mixed. Mr. Wood said that the general theory had been that seeds would show variation, but not in the year when tho pollen was applied. Another member said it Is a fact that some varieties of corn do not mix and some mix very readily. He planted Whit man corn and an early kind near by to seo If he could not get on improved early kind; they mixed thoroughly. Some kinds of sweet corn will not mix. He has Rus set apples grafted on Hightop Sweeting trees, which are longer in form and milder in flavor than others. Threshing Corn In the Stalk. Threshing fodder corn with a common threshing machine, as practiced the past two seasons in some of the western states, has attracted much attcutiou from farm ers. This practice has some important advantages and also some drawbacks Thoso who havo tried it entertain conflict ing opinions according to the favorable conditions or otherwise under which they havo dono the work, the greenness or ma turity of the crop, the size of tho stalks, the varying adaptation of tho different machines, and the skill of the operators. It has much in Its favor hi taking the place of the slow hand work and cold fin gers of husking in late autumn or winter, and in affording a better condition of the manure than such as Is mixed with coarse stalks several feet long. Objections against this practice are the heavy handling of tho unhusked corn to reach the machine, the tendency of tho fresh grain mixed with the unripe corn from nubbins to become moldy, and the same tendency in the shredded stalks. These difficulties are to bo overcotno la different ways according to their nature and tho facilities at hand. As machines vary hi their structure, it Is not practica ble to point out details in fitting these for the work of threshing corn. Country Gentleman suggests hi this connection that the passage at the cylinder mnst bo large enough for the ears and heavy stalks, and tha numbers. of suikes must be. ro dnced as may do round necessary, ino natural position of tho stalks as they aro introduced would be tho heads first for a ready passage. Tricks of the Fruit Trade. In his annual address boforo tho last meeting of tho American Horticultural society tho president, Parker Earle. touched on tho tricks of tho trade, and. In his threefold capacity of fruit grower, fruit packer and fruit buyer mado an ear nest protest against all deception In fruit packing. One chief reason in President Earlo's opinion why tho fruit trado is not more thoroughly alive In every town and village is the Irregular quality and serious Imperfections of the majority of tho fruit seut to the market. Both dealers and consumers soon became impatient with packages of fruit that aro handsomely faced up at both ends and filled through tho middlo with defective specimens. Tho wide spread trick of covering over baskets of green peaches with a colored netting that makes all appear blushing with ripeness was pronounced a contempt ible fraud which has dono much Injury to tho trade. President Earle believes that the Cali fornia fruit packers are generally lej.s opeu to criticism in the matter of straight packing than aro the majority of eastern growers Ono cannot afford to pay freight ou trash two or three thousand miles. It cannot bo too often or too earnestly Im pressed upon fruit men everywhere that to secure the lest results tho most scru pulous pains must bo taken, not only iu growing fruit prujerly. but in careful handling, thorough grading and unflinch ing honesty in packing. Tho man with a high standard, well worked up to. is the man who will comuout best in tho race. Preventing Sore Shoulder on Ilorsen. Hathiug with salt water was advised recently In Country Gentleman, as a sim ple means of toughening tho shoulders of horses A correspondent who has prac ticed this as a proventivo of Boro shoul ders for ten years, says: "An ill fitting collar will produce galls as soon as the horse Is kept at work. Harness Is too carelessly selected and fitted; often It is not fitted at all. Among horses' shoulders there is as great a di versity of shape as among men's noses. Whenever a collar is got for a horse, tho horse should bo brought to the store that tho collar may be fitted. Make the mer chant bring out every collar ho has. if necessary to get a tit: and if a fit cannot be got otherwise, havo tho collar altered. This can be done by making a slit along the grooves wherein the homes tit, oppo slto tho spot on the faco of the collar which is too prominent. Through tho slit enough of tho packing can bo re moved, and a few blows on tho faco of the collar will then rcduco tho promi nences. Next the collar must bo fitted to the hames or tho hames to tho collar. Tho latter Is tho better when it can be douo without making tho hames too weak. The hames should ho shaved down until they lit closo to tho collar ut every point." Things Worth Knowing. By saving all tho unpleasant jobs for your boys you will send them early from their homo. Shriveled trees, before planting, may bo made plump by covering for several days compactly with moist mellow earth. In tho culture of flowers, if yon want bloom, uso small pots; if you desire lux urious growth, uso largo ones. Provido sufficient seed for tho garden to mako successive plantings, nnd so pro long tho supply of lettuce, radishes, peas, etc. Nearly all plants are better for trans planting The gain is in being able to take rare of tho young plants in small space, giving them protection from frost, insects, etc. ami in producing a stocky plant with compact toots and vigoious growth The exceptions aro such lino, tihrous rooted plants as aro difficult to move unless iu ots. or witii a largo ball of earth, such as cucumbers, melons, mignonette and other fiuo rooted plants. They ouly be transplanted by lifting with them a ball of earth. unlesM when they are very small, ouly a few dayj over ground. ll ints lu Working ISutter. Ill working butter do not let tho hands come iu contact with the butter. Gather it together with a wooden ladle in tho tray or bowl, turn off the bnttermilk ami wash with fresh water. Gash it around the whole circumference, making channels lowe.it at cither end. so that tho butter milk can readily run off. Do not grind it down against tho tray, or yon will injure the grain. But little manipulation i3 re quired in working out tho buttermilk. Much good butter 13 spoiled by overwork ing; the grain Is injured and the result is butter of a waxy appearanco. When tho buttermilk has been washed out. salt with puro lino salt; set aside in a cool place and in ten or twelve hours tho action of the salt will havo liberated more of the buttermilk. It can now bo worked a second time, either with a ladlo or butter worker. Shipping Poultry to Market. To meet tho demands of the New York market, tho crops of turkeys and chickens must be free from food or other substance; hence poultry designed for this market must bo kept from food alwut twenty four hours before killing. It is generally conceded that all poultry Is best killed by cutting through the roof of tho mouth to tho brain with a sharp pointed knife. For this market leave tho head and legs ou, and do not "draw" the entrails. Tho advico has been given many time3 not to pack poultry until it Is entirely re lieved of all animal heat. This is an im portant point, for birds packed before they are cold aro almost snro to spoil. For packing material clean dry wheat or rye straw will be found preferable. What a Time People formerly had, trying to swallow the old-fashioned pill with its film of magnesia vainly disguising its bitter ness ; ami what a contrast Ayer's Pills, that have been well called "med icated sugar-plums" the only fear be ing that patients may be tempted into taking too many at a dose. IStit tho directions aie plain ami should he strictly followed. J. T. Teller, M. D., of Cliitteiiango, N. Y., expresses exactly what hundreds have writtui at greater length. Ho says: "Ayer's Cathartic I'ilW are highly appreciated. Tl:- aro perfect in form and coating, and their effects are all that the most careful physician could deriirc. They have supplanted all the Pills formerly popular here, ami I think it must be long before any other can be made that will at all compare with them. Those who buy jour pills get full value for their money." "Safe, pleasjmt, and certain in their action," is the concise testimony of Dr. George E. Walker, of Martins ville, Virginia. "Ayer's Pills outsell all similar prep arations. The public having one used them, will have uo others." IJerry, Venable & Collier, Atlanta, Ga. Ayer's Rills, Prepared by Dr. J. C. AyerkCo., Lowell, Mass. Sold by all Dealers in Medicine. National Bank! or COLUMBUS. Xf -HAS AN- Authorized Capital of $250,000, A Surplus Fund of - $20,000, And tlielarKwt Paid la Cask Capital of any Itaiik in thin part of the State. JS"lVHit nveived and intorent paid on timedelHwitii. JDrnft on the priuc ipnl cities in thin conn try nnd Kurupe bought and sold. JSyColIeetions and all other buniuew given prompt und careful attention. HToeif uoi DKHH. A.ANDEi:SON.rrt't. J. lLUALLKY.YiceFrea't. O.T.KOEN. Cashier. (i. ANDKIWON. P. ANDERSON, JACOB UUElSEN', HENRY HAOATil JOHN J. SULLIVAN. W.A. MCALLISTER. ApraCMU gusiness ards. O t;i.l.lVAft Jk KKEDKI, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Office ner Fimt National Bauk, Columbus, Nelimtikit. 50tf p IK KVANN. M. !., 1'llYMClAX AXI SUROEOX. JSrOHicH uud rooms, Oluck building-, 11th fctrrvt. Telephone communication. 4-y y M. Mtl'AKI.ANH, ArmKXKY if XOTARY PUBLIC. r?Orliee over Firxt National Bank, Colum bus, Neliniskn. I Oil EUNUKA, COCXTY SURVEYOR. J'fl'arties dtxirin; surveying dono can ad-dn-H me nt Columbus. Neb., or call at my office in Court House. 5majW-y L. .. 4'Ka;tii:k, CO. SCI'T l'UDUC SCHOOLS. 1 will 1)0 in my office in th t'onrt House, the third Saturday of each month for tho examina tion of applicants for teachers' certificates, and Tor the transaction of other sclund business. l"j:iasW VyALUKAF HMO., DHA V uml EXPRESSMEN. Lislit and heavy hnulinjr. Goods handled with raw. Headquarters at J. V. Becker tfcCo.'s office. lelephone, Xlnnd:!!. 30rnarfl7y jy K. TURNER Sc CO., lVoprielors and Publishers of the CCtUKSW JCUEiTAL ssi til HE3. FAMILY lOUlHlt, Both, por.t-p.-kid to any aiMn-i-H. for J2.U) a jour stnctlj in adinncp. Koiii.v Jonu.vvL. i.oo n J ear. w. a. McAllister. v. m. cohneli uh. McAIIVIIK Ac tOMMilJIIN ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Columbus, Neb. OllicMip Main over Ernst A Sehwnrz's store on l-.lewnth Mreet. ltimin)88 DK. J. CHAW. Wll,l,l, Uimitscher Arzt.) PHYSICIAN nnd SURGEON, Columbus, Neb. EYE IHSEASEft A SPECIALTY. ... ilit-..: Telephone: fclovwit I. St n-et. Office No. M: Itiitnco No.87. JOHN!. IIICKINH. C. J.tJAKLOW. HIGGINS & GAELOW, ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, K eially made of Collections by C. J. (iarlow. 34-in R. C.BOYD, - M V.NUFACTUnEU OF Tin ami Sheet-Iron Ware ! Job-Work, Hoofing and Gutter ing a Specialty. t7Sii"i on 13th street. Krause Bro.'s old stand ou 'I liirttenth btreet. SCtf GRASS SEEDS 2 Clover, Timothy, Red Top, Millet, Hungarian and Blue Grass Seed, -AT HERHMOEHLRICHtMO'S. fekSMhn nrri"lSEA 'WONDERS exist In I IL L Uthousands of forms, but are sur lir IfM-d by the marvels of invention. Ifhbl ThoMi who are iu need of profitable uork that can Is done while living at home nhoiild at once t-end their address to liallett it Co., Portland. Maine, and receive free, full in formation how either sex, of all axes, can earn from $.' to i" jst day and upwards wherever they lite, iiiu aro started free. Capital not re quired. Some have made over $M in a single day at tl is work. All succeed. hTdec'JHy $500 Reward! 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